Seneca County, Ohio - Peack Treaties K Ksek V Ations Cessions Km .gkants Akr ! Vi No Waks Between the Wyand01 S Am) Senkcas Speech Ol Logan Logans, 1880

Death

Senecas, Delawares. Shawnees, Potawatomies, ()tta\vas ami Chippewas were represented in beluilt" of all the northwestern Indians. A treaty was then and there concluded by which all the lands ot" the Indians within the State of Ohio were ceded to the I'nited States forever. At that time no white man had settled in Seneca count}'.

At this treaty the 1'nited States granted to the Senecas a tract of land containing thirty thousand acres, lying upon the east side of, and adjoining, the Sandusky river, mostly within the boundaries of what now constitutes Seneca county. The chiets ot the Senecas, to whom this cession was made, were Takawmadoaw, Captain Harris, Isahowmasaw, Joseph. Tuwgyou, Captain Smith, Coffeehouse, Running-about and \\ ipingstick.

At another treaty, held about one year thereafter by the same commissioners in behalf of the United States and these Indians, at the same place, ten thousand acres more were added to the Seneca reservation, adjoining the other tract on the south, thus making the whole reserve to contain forty thousand acres.

To the \Vyandots was ceded a tract twelve miles square, now in \Vyamlot count}', and the southwest corner of Big Spring township, in Seneca count}', about twelve square miles.

Office Of Indian Affairs

\V. L.\N(;. FSI.I.. Titlin. Ohio -Sir:- I am in receipt, by reference from the Commissioner of the (ieueral Land Otlice. of your letter, dated 7th of .human, last, in which you state that yon have been informed that there was an Indian reservation of about twelve square miles in the southwest cornei- of Seneca county. Ohio; and. as you are writing a history of said county, you desire to be informed as to whom it was made. You expressed Hie opinion that it belonged to the Delawares.

In reply. I have to state that the second clause of the second article of the Wyandot treaty of September 17. isls. 7 stat.. p. 17!» . contains the following stipulation, to-wit:

"That there shall be reserved for the use of the Wyandots residing at Solomons-tow n. and on BlanchanFs fork, in addition to the reservation before made, sixteen thousand acres of land, to be laid oil' in a square form -<>n the head of Blanchard's fork, the center of which shall be at the Big Spring, on the trace leading from I'pper Sandusky to Fort Findlay."

This reservation was known as the Big Spring Indian reservation, and was located in township 1 X. and 1 S.. range 1± and 1 N. and 1 S.. range l:;, in < )hio.

7'ht-r,-fi»,-. To effect the aforesaid ohjei ts. the said Chiefs. Headmen and \\'arrio|-s. and the said lames 1!. (lardmer, hase this da\ entered into and agreed upon the tollou ing artK les of i on\ etif.on :

AK iii LI II. The I'nited States stipulate with the said band of U'yandots. that as soon as practicable after the ratification of this treaty, the aforesaid tract of 16.000 acres shall be sun-eyed into sections and put into market and sold in the ordinary manner of selling the public lands of the I'nited States; and when the same shall be sold, or as soon as any part thereof shall be disposed of, (be the price received therefor, more or less.) there shall be paid to the chiefs, headmen and warriors. si^niiiLC this treatv. tor the benefit of all the said band of \Vyandots. the sum of one dollar and twenty-five cents per acre for each and every acre so sold, or for sale. The said price shall be paid in silver, and in current coin of the I'nited States.

AK 1 1 1 i.r; III. 1- or the improvements now made upon said reservation, the I'nited States a^ree to pay a fair valuation in money, according to the appraisement of Joseph MeCutcheon. l'.s<|.. (or such person as the Secretary of \\ ar may depute ior that purpose, i and an appraiser to be chosen by the baud of \Vyandots. .And in case the said appraisers shall not be able to a.uree upon any of their valuations, they shall call to their assistance some competent citi/en of the count} of Crawford.

Ak'iici.i. IV. There shall be reserved tor Koe-nu-nas, one of tinoldest chiefs of said band, one-half-section. to contain 320 acres, and to include the improvements where he now lives.

AKIII'I.K V. It is expressly understood between the present contracting parties, that the said band of \Vyandots may. as they think proper. remove to Canada, or to the river Huron, in Michigan, where thev own a reservation of land, or to any place they may obtain a ri^ht or privilege from other Indians to i,ro.

ARTICLE VI. It was expressly agreed belore the sitting of this treaty that that part of the fifth article relating to the ^rantin^ to the said band of \\yandots' lands west ot the Mississippi, and every other article in relation thereto is wholly null and void, and of no effect.

\|.;ii, LI. VII. Inasmuch ;is the band ot \\yandots herein treating have separated themselves from the \Vyandots at I'ppcr Sanduskv and on the Sandiisky |)lains. they ask of the general government that there uiav be a spe< iai sub a^enl and protector appointed lor them while thev remain in the Male of < >hio. and they respectfully recommend Joseph McCutchcoti. Ksq.. of the countv of Crawford, as a fit ami proper person to act in such capai ity : and : hat he may have the power to emplov >u< h interpreter as he may think propel' in his intercourse with said band.

people of Upper Sandusky have not kept it in repair as a hind-mark of the historic past I The roof lias fallen in, and there is nothing left of it but the stone walls.

Sum-mun-de-wat. another Christian chief, was brutally murdered by some miscreant white men, who enjoyed his hospitality. I speak of him. especially, because this chief was very well known and respected by the early settlers of Seneca county. Me was a special friend of our lamented townsman, l)r. Kuhn.

At a treaty held at Washington City, on the 2(;th day of February. 1831, the United States were represented by Mr. James B. Gardiner, and the Senecas by Coonstick, Seneca Steel, Captain (iood-hunter. Hard-hickory and Small-cloud-Spicer, their chiefs, George Herrin acted as interpreter. (Jen. Henry C. Bresh was sub-agent. At this treaty the Senecas sold their whole reservation to the United States, with full authority to sell the same. The proceeds were to be placed in funded stock at five per cent, interest, which was to be paid to the Senecas as an annuity, after deducting the cost of building for the latter a saw mill and a grist mill near Green Springs. They were to have, also, 70.000 acres northwest of the State of Arkansas, on the Neosho and Cowskin rivers, and ninety miles from Fort Gibson .

The \Vyandots ceded their reservation to the United States in 1842. At this cession the last toot ot soil in Ohio passed away from the red man to the race that conquers the world - the Caucasian.

Immigrants who crossed the mountains and descended ami settled in the Ohio valley, usually brought with them their household goods, and their flocks of sheep, their horses and cattle. Thev crossed the mountains in large wagons, and drove their (locks before them. On reaching the Ohio river they put all on board o! flat-boats and descended the river to their places of destination. But when emigration began to set in for northwestern Ohio, the emigrants had to find their wav through a dense torest, as best they could. There were no roads open, and no bridges across any of the numerous creeks and rivers with which this northwestern part ot Ohio abounds. There were immense swamps on both sides of the Sandusky, and along all its tributaries. Farther west and north the country was almost one continuous, immense swamp as tar north as. tin: Maumee, and west to Indiana, and far into that state. The soil was very rich, it must be admitted, and the farmer well knew that as soon as the water and the tores! were conquered, the soil would eventually reward him for his toil. But to subdue these and become master ot the situation required almost super-human power, the most patient fortitude, heroic courage, untiring

The British and Indian toes \\e:e subdued and t --n.jueu-d. but i\,,\\ there were other toes to < on, pier, not onl\ the l»iest> ami the s^.mii.s and other tasks inevitable, but diseases m. ident to tiontiei hie. .in,j especially those that attended the lite in the \vood> \Ian\ ..i th, settlers ot. and emigrants to. the \alle\ ot the vindusk \ . who . .im, from the states ot New \ oik. l'enns\ 1\ ania. Mar\ land, New |<ise\ an,| Virginia: and. also, some tiom lieland. Name and < MT main , w ere in comfortable < ir« umstam es. and attei ha\ MIL; paid t<u then land, most|\ entered, or bought at government pru es. had some imuu\ hit, am! were somewhat prepared tor emergent ies, but b\ lai the largest number of them expended their last dollar io pa\ toi their land, and then trusted to Providence, their iron will and stion^ aims, tot sm i es> '1'hose that (ame b\ the wa\ ot Lake l.ne had t<i eiu cuinter the tiui --! as soon as thc\ ton< hed the shore Those that . ame o\, i the m,nm tains b\ wa\ ot I'ittsbiiru. had to make then wa\ thiou/li the j,,|, ^ almost t'rom the time they i rossed the < )lno ruei It \\ a s the same wa\ with those \\lio i ame (roin the south Niithm.; but l«ue-t as sonri as the\ left the settlements on tin >< io|o, the \l u -k in jum. . u t he ( , r , .t: Miami. e\i ept the Sar iiisk\ plants I he wa\ thiou^h the wood- wa. marked by < utt mi; a piece ot bar k ! i om a tree a . In..; a-, a man's hand, about five or si\ teet trom the ui'Mind. and mi both >ide- n| the tree Then. b\ < utliiiL; awa\ the iinderbriish and iem>>s m^' talhui timlier. a wa^on traik was openeil b\ u Hiding around betu een i he ti ees ( hiior two men. with then axes, would walk ahead m the t, nn. bla/e :h, trees and reiin »ve i ibstrm t ioiis.

saw. iron wedges, sonic carpenter tools, a gun, some ammunition, and. best of all - a will. A tew poles leaned against a large tree, and brushes thrown upon the poles, soon made a roof and a shelter. Two forks driven into the ground about five feet apart, and a pole laid upon the locks, would be sufficient to suspend a small iron kettle in which the meal could be cooked. Life in the woods had commenced.

Very tew people had come as far as the Sandusky river before the land sales, as the sales of the government lands were called. The Senecas, as has already been stated, owned 40.000 acres, mostly in the present limits of Seneca count), and the U'yandots twelve miles square immediately south ot the Senecas. which tracts, ot course, were not in market. Some men left their families in the settlements and came to the Sandusky valley on toot or on horseback, on a sort of an exploring expedition, prospecting and looking up tracts that suited them, then return and bring the family, or go to Delaware, make an entry, and then return and start with the family. lie fore the land sales, however, and up to the year 1X20. a very tew tamilies had located between these reservation-^. Those who settled along the banks of the Sandusky, will all be named, and as near as possible described in these pages.

The \Vyandot Indians had a tradition as to the history of their tribe that located their ancestors north ot the St. Lawrence, where their wigwams were spread along the I'tiwas down to L'oon lake, and to the mouth of the gulf. They were then known as the Hurons. and their country they called Cu-none-tat-tia. The Senecas. who were also a large tribe, occupied a large tract of country south of the St. Lawrence. How it came that the Hurons changed their name to \Vvandot is not known - nor is it material.

A legend about a war between these two tribes, preserved by tradition, of course, may not be out of place here, for the dwellers of the vallex of Sanduskv river occupy the last hunting grounds of these tribes east of the Mississippi river.

A man of the Hun>r.s -as the stor\ goes - wanted a certain squaw for his wife, but she objected, and s;iid that her wooer had never taken am -caljis - ili.i; he was no warrior. I o remove this objection to hi> suit, he raised a small war-party, and in their hunt tor scalps, tell upon a party of Senecas and killed and scalped some ot them.

Thi- caused a war between the two tribes that Listed more than a centurv. and which they supposed was fuli\ a hundred winters before the French came to (Quebec. P>oth tribes were greatly wasted in the

< unsifted oi ho\\->. arrou-, and th.e warilnli: als... a uar a\e. whuii was a stone < lit to an ed^e on one side or end. a 'ifoad. il.it \>.\l\ at the other end. and near which a ^r<>o\e was made aro-:;i.[ '.!;c ^roi.e ;,( receive the thin end of the handle. whi< h wa^ bent inln'.hc _:"o\c %lnil tasteiied with a string <'ut out ot a raw hide.

Soon after this the 1'remh laid out and Iniilt ijuehei . ami trade with the Imlians; >u|'|i!ied them witli. and inst ; --\> \< d them :n the Use ot. ni'e-anns and various other instruments. I he >r:;ci .1^. leelin^ themselves proficient in the Use oi lire amis, made uj. a war ]iart\ against the \\'\ andots at the upper lakes. The\ lameujum them in the niirht. tired into their lints and terrified them exc eed;n_;i\ . I he \\'yandots thought it wa> li-htnin^ and thunder. l>ut resisted the Si-ne the dance until near the break of day, and being tired, laid down and soon fell asleep. Then the \Vyandots fell upon their sleeping foes and killed all of them. Not one was left to tell the tale of destruction. This ended the war for many years.

Now the French supplied the Wyandots with guns, also. At length . mother war broke out between these tribes. Hoth parties met in their ( anoes. on lake Krie, and the Senecas lost every man engaged. The Wyandots themselves were so badly exhausted that they allowed the ( anoes of the Senecas to float on the water, while they hastened to the shore. Thus ended this war. and the last trouble between the two tribes.

After that the Wyandots came with their canoes to the mouth of the Sandusky river, and took possession of its entire valley. They built their towns along its banks and tributaries, and up into the plains. There is neither history nor tradition of any note about them until the outbreak of the revolutionary war, when they perpetrated their infamous depredations along the back counties of Pennsylvania and Virginia - particularly those of Washington, Vougiogheny and Westmoreland.

It was the depredations of the Wyandots that caused the various expeditions against western Indians, and especially that of Crawford. Nearly all these failed, and the savages were never properly chastised until (Jen. Wayne came down upon them. From the peace at Greenville until the war of 1812. there was no trouble with the Indians on the frontier. During this war the Wyandots, Shawnees and Senecas remained friendly to the United States. The deaths ot Tecumseh and liis brother. The Prophet, and their defeat on the Thames destroyed their power in the northwest forever.

Lewis Cass and Duncan McArthur. as commissioners of the t'nited States, on the one pan. and the sachems, chiefs and warriors of the Wyandots. Senecas. Delawares. Shawnees. Potawatomies, Ottawas and Chippewas, on the other part, held at the foot of the rapids of the Miami, of lake Lrie. on the :roth day of September. 1X17, a treaty, wherein all the lands of thc-e Indians in Ohio parsed over to the 1'nited States. At thi- time there wa^ not a single white settler within the present limits ot Seneca county.

"lie. left, dt' all m\ tribe. Nor man. nor rbild. nt»r tiling of living birth: \i>. not the dog tliat watched my household lu-artli Kscaped that nighl <>1 blood upon our plains. All perished. 1 alone am left mi earth !

The fate of I.ogan was a very sad one. His last years were mclancholv in the extreme. Homeless, childless, friendless - he wandered about, from tribe to tribe, with never a smile, and apparently without a joy. His friends were all dead, his tribe dwindled away, and. in his great dejection, he resorted to the fatal stimulus of strong drink. lie was at last murdered by an Indian. I.ogan was sitting bv the cam]) fire, silently musing, with his blanket over his head, his elbows upon his knees and his head upon his hands. An Indian, influenced bv some unknown motive of revenge, stealthily approached him from behind and buried his tomahawk in his brain. Thus fell this unfortunate chieftain - the last of his race.

him it hi- piea-ure. l-or a proud and intelligent people, in the choice of nu n fur officer-, to resort 1" all m. inner ot personal vituperation and ...hu-e <>! oppo-inj < andidatcs, and to assail. bla< ken. traduce, and ruin. ;i r,o>si!>le. !'\ ai! in. inner of means, eliaracters that may he as lair and honorable a- tho-c ni the be-t 'it' men. and -.imply to win at the polls, is a i rime against ^ood hrecdinu. against common justice, against good mural-, and auain-t ordinan <lecencv.

a s;.;( nd:d -word if ihev -aw lit so to do. ami to ma'.c him a nice sp<\ ( h i crtainU thc\ had. Hut to ha\ e it said tliat they jiresented (', en. Harri-on uith a petticoat, and have that paraphernalia painted o;i tran-parencie- and carried through the streets in democratic proce--;on- to turn to ridicule the \ aluable services ol an able. hi:_di minded and patriotic t iti/.cn and soldier like lien. Harrison, seemed ver\ \\rnn_; to me then. \ ouiiL,r as 1 was. and the impression sticks to rm- -tili. l! seemed equally uicked to paint Martin Yanllnren on tran-jiaretn ie- with the ->\vord in one hand and the pnr-e in the other, !ieiie\e tha! the Little 1 o\ of landen\vald would usurp and. d< -:ro\ :: ixernment. And to eap the climax ot this manner

-. \\ \ i;:d i's and Se'iei as had been invited to join the army - II-. :-! .s.-i a_Min-i the Mr;ti-h and their Indian allies. Ouitea 1 ! .< - pled the in vital ion. and had reached Fort !\ ' !uik\ troops. 1 lelore t he depart lire tt'om their re-pel ti\'e tou'ii.-. an unfriendly 1 the i^otid, Bract's ot die chic!.- under \ m I'K an-, but \\ it h the intent i< m of : i i as a Sha wnees, and was known ' !he - eh brated Hlue Ja< ket ' '.' - ie-u't-al \\ a\ ne. He had

'l'!u- writer \\as present one tune when a co!ii|iany ot gentlemen met at the i>M American house, in (.'olumbiis. and heard (»ov. \\'ood tell a Mood joke on Mr. (.'or\\in in his presence, (iov. \\ood -.aid: "A leu vears a^o. in the \\inter. \vhile Mr. ('oruin uas in ('olumbiis attending to business in the lulled State-. IMstric; C'ourt. the miilaitoes in ('olumbus had. a dance, and had given notice that none but pure mnlaitoe- would be admitted. One o! Mr. Convin's friends ottered a small bet that he 'Mr. (,'onvin) could not gel in to see the dance because he uas too dark lor a mulatto. Mr. ('orwin accepted the bet. and. dressing hiuiseil in the best manner he < ould to deceive the door keeper, put a hat with a very wide rim on his head, and the parly started tor the bail. Mr. ('orwin presented his ticket, and the mulatto door keeper lifted up the rim ot Mr. Corwin's hat. am! -aid: '('an'tget in heah. M a -.-.a -one shade too dark :' and Mr. ( 'orwin lust the bet."

The Senecas took possession ot their lands soon alter the treaty, and bewail to build cabins and open little clearings around them, lly virtue o]' the treat), the I nited Stales were obliged to establish an ;mcnc\ near the reservation, to pro\ ide tor their wants, and in ever\ ua\ to assist in carrying into ellect the conditions ot the treaty. The l\e\ . lames Montgomery \vas appointed a^ent lor the Senecas. ( )n the Kjih day of November. iXuj.lie moved with his lamil\ into the old bloi khoiise of the fort, and immediateU' ttiok t har^e of his office.

A considerable trade wa- carried <>n between ihe southern portion of Hie -late, a Her the close of l lie \\ a r of 1 ^li". and I .ow er SandusKv and Saiiduskx ( it \ . Te;im--> came loaded \\ il li I lour, liaeon and w hi,-k\ . and rel nrned \\ it li li-h or nicrc-liant uooils. which were sold at I'rbana. SprinuTield and Da\ton.

The li.dian trilies IP re ai llie time of (lie fust settlement l'\ the whites. \\ ei c l lie Seiieca.s. < 'a \ n L;'; i-. Mo)ia\\ K- and ( Mieidas. The Senecas t he most numerous and ( a\uua- occupied the lower part, and the ( Ineidas and M"ha w k- the upper part ol the IOCIA at ion. w liieh \\ as nine miles north and Mintli. and -ix miles ea-t and w» >t. on the east side of the Sandiiskx ri\er. The land was held in joint stock, and each had the privilege of making imp! 'o\ eiiient-. as he \\ i-hed.

The\ numbered several hundred, and were not liad in general character. Inn irii'iidl) and Kind when well treated and not maddened h\ whisK>. for wliidi l lie\ had a >t i oim- passion. I have know n them to offer two or three dollar-' w ort h of ^ood- lor a quart of w hisK\ : and. w hen intoxicated, would irivi- aiis tliinir tli»'\ po-sessed for it.

The\ depended !arv.'el\ upon huntiiiu' for subsistence, in which, when childi cii^;lie\ commenced 1>\ -hootinu' tish and small yame with the Imw.

were sei\ed li\ those appointed, until all were satisfied. Then all wore c|uieil\ a uailhiL; I lie next scene Si mi, a nun Mi ML;' noise \sas lit -a I'd at the door in HIM- cud ni' tin- house. This startled the si|iia\\s ami children, \vliu then ran '«< the ether end of the house Then the dun]- lieu open, and an Indian came in. dressed in !>ear >l\in. and skins of some other animals, lie u ore a lalse face, and rarr\ ini: a di \ t ni't le shell tilled \\ it h stones, he would ihrou that alioiit. This, added to his low. growling voice, and menacing u a\ s u it 1 1 hi-' head, made a fright fnl object. Almost immediately thereafter the door at the other end of the house would open and a similar character enter, and soon another drop from the roof. \\ ho. striking his hands, proceeded to throu li\e coals and emliers in e\er\ direction among the rushing ci'o\\d. After thi> performance these demons, as the\ were represented to lie. contested in a fool race. At the end of the third da\ they burnt the i logs.

Si ) tar. Mr. 1 >um< md. Although Mr. I Mimond liad not tlu- advantages "t an fd IK at ion. h.n in^ spent his 1 n >\ lux >d das s on a farm, and in the torot. ii mii^t be admitted that his recollections of early days are set torth in a < lear and interest ing st\'le.

The people ot Seneca count) will, in all linman probability. ne\ ei' ha\e .in opportunity to uitne» scenes of a like character, and the ( ount\ lieii\u named alter these .--ava^es. a tnrther relation ol inciilents i onnei led with their >ta\ on the reservation will not lie deemed out ol plai e here. The following is taken from llultert'ield's history, who i opied ifom 1 1 - .'- ' i '.- ' , T,!/ than defined. h\ \\hicli inst incti\e]\ . as it were, we tind in the bosom of another a response to our own feelings. So. in the present case, this noble Iinliaii snnn discovered in tlie late Obed Dickinson, a merchant of Lower Sandiisk\ . a neueroiis. confiding and elevated mind, whose honorable vibrati ons beat in unison \\ it li his ou n.

TII Mi. I >ickinson. therefore, lie made known the time when they would celebrate their festival. b\ sacrificing their dogs, etc.. and cordially invited him to attend as a guest, and. if so disposed, to bring a friend with him.

Correct 1\ supposing that I never had an opportunity of witnessing this religious rile. Mr. I). kindl) reijiiested me to accompany him to their council house, on i.rcen creek, in that part of this county included in the present tounship of (ireeii Creek. On giving me the invitation. Mr. I), remarked that b\ taking a present in our hand, we should probably be made the more welcome: in accordance, therefore, with this suggestion, we took with us a - plant it\ of loaf sugar and tobacco.

Il uas some time in the afternoon when we arrived, and immediately thereafter we were ushered into the council house, with demonstrations of public jo\ and marked respect.

AS soon as sealed, we gave our i»resents to Hard Hickory, who. rising, held line of them up. and pointing to Mr. D.. addressed the Indians in an audible \oice. iii their own tongue: then liolding up the other, he pointed to me. repeating to them \\hat he had before said. This done, he turned to us and said : " Ynu sta> here as long as yon want: nobody hurt you." Con tiding in the assurance of this chief. I hung up m\ valise, in which were some important papers, for I ua> then on m\ wa> further east, attending to m\ nilicial duties as sheriff nf this count \ . and felt perfectly at home.

To the inhabitant-- of this section nf ()hio a minute descriiil ion of the council house \\onld in- deemed uiiuecessan . Sullice it to sa>. that its dimensions 'A, I., perhaps >ixt\ b\ t went > -live feet: a lire-place in the center, and '-nrres]Mindii)i; t IH-IVU it h. a:i apeil nrc was left in the roof for the smoke in ascend.

Contiguous HI the lire-place u » re two upright posts, to \\hieh a board Iniirteen or liiteen indies bi'oad \\;is lirml\ fastened, and o\er this board the skin n| a deei was stretch'-d \er\ liu'ht. ( )n a seat near b\ this board sat a 1'lind Indian \\ it 1: a uminl in his ha ml. in u hidi u ere I iea us or corn. With this lie heat time fnr the dancers. Smdi uas the musician, and such tlie occupied. Shortly after our arrival at the house of this rliii'f. Mr. 1). retired. Not so with our friendh host and myself. \\'liilc sitting near a clean brick hearth, het'ore a cheerl'ul lire. Hard Hickory unbosomed himself to me unreser\edl> . Mr. \). \\as asleep, and the chief and I were then the only per-on- ill tin- bolide.

| lard 11 ickor\ . amoiiLT other things, told me it was o\\ \\\g cliielly to him that this feast. \\as now celebrated: that it was in part to appease the an^or ,,l tli,. (,ood Spirit, in con-e<|uence of a dream he Iatel\ had. and as an explanation, he s,a\e me the following narration:

--[[,. dreamed he \\a> lleeiim from an eneni\ : it was. he supposed, something supernatural perhaps an evil spirit: that after it had pursued him a IOIILT time, and for a i^reat distance, and even effort to esca)>e from it seemed impo--ihle. a> it \\a-nou at hi- heels, and lie almost exhausted. At this perilous time lie >aw a laru'f water, to which he made with all his remaining strength, and at the\er\ in-tant . \\ hen he (-.xpected even bound to be his la-t . he beheld, to hi> jo\ . a canoe near the shore; this appeared as his last hope: breathless, and faint . he threw himself into it. and that moment, of it-- own accord. t|iiick a> an arrow from the bow. it shot from the shore, leaving Ids pursuer behind."

While relating this circum>taiice to me. which he did with earnestness, trepidation and. alarm strongly expressed in his countenance, he took from hi- bosom something neatlv and careful!) enclosed in several distinct folds of buck-kiii. This he bewail to unroll. la\in^ each piece by itself, and on opening the last there wa- enclosed tliei'ein a miniatui'e canoe.

( )n handiiiLT it to me to look at. he remarked that no other person, save m\ self and lie. had ever seen it. and that as a memento, he won hi wear it in his bo-om as lon^ a- he lived.

The nielli now heini; far advanced, he pointed to the bed and told me to sleep there but that he must iro to the council house to the dance, for his people would not like it if he \\ < n i )i 1 st a\ a way and wishing me uood-uiuht , he \\ ithdre\\ .

So t'ar. Mr. Crowd!. Anotlu-r eye-witness of this last sacred ritual proceed-' to relate the ix-mainder ot that ni^lit's proceedings at the < oiincil In )iise. as tolh >\\ s:

'l'hisua-an Indian disguised witli a hideon- false-face, having horn- on hi- head, and hi- hand- and feel jiroteeted from 1 he effects of the lire: and though not a profc - cd "lire - kinu'." lie certaiulx perforined his part to admiral ion.

I Miring the continuance of the festival, the hospital it \ of the 1 ndian- \\ aniilioiimlcd. In the council hoii-e and at the residence of the Tall Chief \\cre a nnmlit-r of laru'e. fat lnicks. and fat lion's. han^'iiiL;' up and m-allx dn---ed. Uread. also, of holh corn and \\hcat. in u'reat almmlance.

The historians ot" ( >hio seem to lie satisfied with the meaning of the word .IN --at the cold water:" hut Mr. Bntterfield, in his Crawford, p. 147. says thu Sandusky is the old "San-dus-quet" of the old 1'Yench traders and voyagers; "Sail un dus kee." "clear water," or, "San-doostee." ".it the cold water." Or, it may have

Tlu-\ will stirk in the I-'renchnian, any way. Hut no matter about the origin. It is mM verv likelv that any better light will ever be thrown upon the origin ot the word.

While on thi-^ ^ubject. it should also be remembered that the terms. -- M iami ot the Lake." or "Miami ot Lake Krie." wherever they occur, should not be confounded with the "('.real" and "Little Miami." wh'u h are tributaries oi' the < )hio. The former terms simply mean and signiu the Maumee river. "Mad Spirit" is the Indian signification of "line."