Seneca County, Ohio - Chapter 17: Clinton Township and Tiffin City, 1886 (part 2 of 3)

Reuben Williams' addition, iu-lots Nos. 1 to I'l and fractional in-lots 13to 18, on Monroe Street, was platted in April, 1835. Samuel A\'aggoner's southwest additon on Monroe, south of Charlotte Street, was recorded in January, 183(). Sheldon's was surveyed September 11, 1838, by James Durbin for H. O. Sheldon. Jacob Ronk's addition to New Fort Ball was surveyed bj' G. H. Heming in November. 1849. Josiah Hedges' second addition was sm-veyed June 4, 1851, by G. H. Heming, extending south of Sanduslcy River and east oi Rock Run to the college grounds. A jiart of this addition, situate in the Second Ward, comprised twenty-one in-lots No. ()20 to f)40, with the extension of ceiiain streets. Hedges" addition of out-lots 1 to G, Second Ward, was siu'veyed April 2, 184'J, by G. H. Heming. Davis" addition including parts of Lots 2 and 3 of McCulloeh's section in Townshij) 2, Range 15 east, was svu'veyed in May, 1854, by Hiram McClelland. Springdale was siu-veyed liy G. H. Heming in May, 1S54. for William H. Gibson. This well-located addition is on the west half of the southeast quarter and north part of southwest quarter of fractional Sestion 30, Township 2, Range 15. Hedges' quam' lots, embracing five and one-half acres of the east part of Lot No. 7, McCulloeh's section, were surveyed by Hiram McClelland, May 0, 1854, for Josiah Hedges. Denzler's was platted in October, 1855, by N. R. Kuntz, between Portland and Seipio Streets.

Josiah Hedges' second southern addition to the First Ward was survyc-d in June, 1855. This addition was located south of the Catholic Chvu'ch, east and west of Washington Street. Allireclit's was surveyed by Lewis E. Holtz, deputy-surveyor, in March, ]85('). The town of New Oakley, south of Tiffin, in Sections 2U, 30, 31, and 32, was surveyed in June, 185(5, by G. H. Heming, for D. Cunningham, guardian of John Zimmerman. George E. Seney's addition, north of Portland Street, was sm-veyed by Lewis E. Holtz, November 28, 1850. The western addition was surveyed by G. H. Heming, for H. M. Avery, T. R. Butler, J. R. Cecil and Josiah Hedges, July 13, 1857.

The boundaries of Sheldon's were agreed to April 7, 1858, by the projirietors. R. and F. M. Ciiim, Patrick H. and ISIary M. Ryan, John and Eliza Walker and John Rougher. Jacob Heilman's subdivision of south part of Lot 4. together with thirty-two and three-foiu'th links wide south of said lot, was surveyed January 14, 1858. Hedges' Lots Nos. 1 and 2, in B. D., were subdivided in July, 1862, for Josiah Hedges. Noble's addition was sxu-veyed in March, 1803, by G. H. Heming, for Harrison and Minerva Noble. This is situate in the northeast part of the Armstrong Reservation.

M. P. Skinner's lands, known as in-lots 443, 444, 445, 446 and 447. fronting on High Street, were added to the town March 5, 1804. Graham & Emich's subdivision of Levi Davis' addition, in McCulloeh's township, angle of l^lnmli Road and Davis Street, Tiffin, was platted in March, 18r)4. Franklin's subdivision to Oakley was surveyed June 14, 1804, for Caroline M. Franklin and Freeman E. Franklin. Franklin's addition to Oakley was surveyed by Hiram McClelland, January 16, 18(')0, for Caroline M. and Freeman E. Franklin. Frost's addition was surveyed February 15. 1870, by Denis Maloy, for Josiah B. and Meshach Frost. Noble's second addition to the Second Ward was surveyed by Heming. in November, 1800, for Harrison and Minerva Noble.

1867. Kebecca A. Walker's, on part of Blocks Q. R and S (Hedges' lands), was surveyed August 15. 1867, by Heming. Her addition to the Second Ward in Block Y (Hedges' lands), was surveyed September 7. 1867. Gross' addition, between Cos and Mslmore Streets, in Block O (Hedges" lunds), was surveyed by Heming in August. 1867, for John Gr. and Eliza H. Gross. Tomb's addition, on the east part of Lots 5, 6 and 7. McCulloch Reservation, was surveyed in August, 1867. A second addition fi-om Sandusky east to river and south from Dallas to Douglass Street, was made on P. H. Ryan's sm-vey in April, 1871. Schonhart's, fi'onting on the Mansfield road, was surveyed in March, 1867. Hunter's was sm-veyed in April. 1867, for William and Clarinda Hunter. Toll's subdivision, extending from Franklin Street to the Sandusky River, was siu-veyed May 18, 1868, for W. and Sarah A. Toll. John Heilman's, on Main and Walker Streets, was sui'veyed October 30, 1868. D. J. GoodseU's was surveyed in March, 1868. G. F. Hertzer" s subdivision, between Schonhart's and Heilman's additions, was siu'veyed March 15, 1871. Francois C. Noirot's, out-lot northwest of east half of northwest quarter of Section 28. was surveyed by D. Maloy in January, 1869. Jacob F. Bunn's subdivision of the west part of out-lot No. 2 B. S. , on the Greenfield road, was surveyed in September, 1870, by Dennis Maloy. G. D. Loomis made an addition to the city in April. 1870. Clarinda Hunter's allotment, east of Sandusky Street and south of the old corporation line, was sui'veyed by P. H. Ryan in February, 1871. The addition of the Levi Davis estate to Tiffin was made by W. P. Noble, administrator, in May, 1871. Stoner's, east of Fremont to Hemy and south of Douglass to Davis was surveyed by P. H. Ryan in 1871. Lucinda Allen's, north of Ella Street, east of the river, was siu'veyed in March. 1872. Mechanicsburg, extending fi'om Front Street to Washington, Sycamore and Union Streets, was surveyed by P. H. Ryan in November, 1872, for R. W. Shawhan. A. G. Sneath and Meshach Frost. C. K. Gilmore's subdivision of out-lot No. 10, Block X (Josiah Hedges' lands), was surveyed by J. L. Fisher in July, 1872. John T. and Eliza Bacher's subdivision of Lot 1, Block Z (Josiah Hedges' lands), was siu'veyed by E. C. Cook in September, 1873. J. T. Huss' , extending from the river to Henry Street, between Tomb and Douglass Streets, was surveyed in 1873. Souder's subdivision of out-lots 9, 10, 11, in Davis' addition to Tiffin, was surveyed by J. L. Fisher in April. 1873. J. F. Bunn's second addition was surveyed by P. H. Ryan in May. 1873. This is bounded by Douglass. Bunn. Davis and Henry Streets. Gray's was surveyed in April. 1873, by E. C. Cook, Jr., for R. Gray, P. J. Wilson and E. W. "Stephenson. Lewis McCollnm & Suyders' snbdi^^sion. opposite the County Fail- gi'ouuds, was surveyed in April. 1873, by John L. Fisher. Luther A. Hall's addition was made in December, 1873.

The annexation of a large tract west and north of the old corporation line of Tiffin was effected by order of the county commissionej's, made March 0, 1877, in response to a petition from the residents. B. F. Myers', May, 1880; A. Bihm's, May. 1880; George \Y. Fiege's, June, 1880; Florence Cronise's, 1880; William Negele's, June. 1880; tracts between Scipio Street and Block 30, school lot in First Ward, Eock Creek Mill property, Fleming tannery lot, April, 1880; tract on River Street, Lot 247, east half of the northeast fractional quarter of Section 19, lots on Market at mill race, in May, 1880; Christian Slueller's and Mrs. Hunter's, in July.. 1880; Fair grounds and adjacent property in May, 1880.

In April. May and June, 1880, a large area, scattered throughout the city, was platted for the purposes of taxation. The petition to annex several parcels of land west and north of Tiffin to the city, was granted bv the commissioners February 27, 1882.

In July, 1883. J. W. Sheely's subdivision of Lot 10. K. & G. addition, was sui'veyed; in June of that year, Myers, Stalter and Bunn's addition was laid out, and in October, Sarah V. Armstrong's addition. In February. 1884, Quinn's replat of Riordon's subdivision was made, and H. Brohrs sxibdivision of the Da^-is addition was made in Juno of that year. The work of extension is still can'ied on, with greater prospects in the distance.

Incidents of First SettJemeul. - The tirst tavern in the county was opened in 1817, by the first settler, Erastus Bowe, immediately below Fort Ball, at the north end of Washington Street bridge. In 1810 his was the neare.st house to the AVeleh Brothers' settlement at the ^Mohawk Village, in Eden, and to the white settlements at old Fort Seneca, made in the fall of that year; if we except Spicer's cabin and other homes of the white captives, who. in the general history are classed with, and treated as Indians. In 1818 the members of Erastus Bowo's family and Hannah Jackson ai-rivcd, also Paul D. Butler's family. Almon Rollins, who was convicted of the robbery of Spicer, and served some years in the penetentiary, was an employe of Butler, ^^'illiam Rollins came in 1818. Abner Pike came in ISl'J. Eli Downing also lived here, prior to his settlement near the Baker Mill; the constable Papineau, Henry Creesy, Levi Creesy, the blacksmith John Searles and family, and a few transients, on whom Butler conferred the name of ' ' lazy duffers, ' ' resided within Fort Ball, even in 1820. and Josiah Hedges visited the post that year. Then came David Risdon. the old surveyor, to Fort Ball: Simon B. Howard, from Delaware County: John Mimm. Ajmstrong Drennon, Charles \\etz or Wertz, fi'om Richland County; Henry M'elch, a brother of Hugh Welch, from Eden To^\Tiship. Sen(>ca County: James Spink, from Wooster: Gen. James Hedges, fi'om Manstield; Josiah Hedges, Charles Kelly. Hem-y ^Miller, David Fowler and others, a few of whom made only temporary settlements. When the commissioners selected the "town in the bush" on the east side of the river, as the seat of justice; there were only six cabins, in one of which the whole Drennon family died, almost together. The tir.st tree was cut on the site of the town in March, 1821. James Spink, of Woosler. opened a store at Tiffin in March, 1822, the same which was phuidered the following winter. Herford, Miner and Spink located the seat of justice at Tiffin, March 25, 1822, when there were only six cabins there. Dr. Eli Dresbach and Dr. R. G. J. Carey, who settled at Fort Ball in 1823, were among the first resident physicians of the coimty. but not the first who practiced here. Rudolphus Dickenson, who located at Fort Ball in 1824, was the tirst attorney. Abel Rawson came in February. 1 820, although John J. Spink, of Wooster, Ohio, was here in 1821. The first jail was completed March 4. 1826. In April, 1828, the United States land office of the Delaware District was located at Tiffin. Jacob Plane was ajipointed first postmaster at Tiffin in the spring of 1829. The first newspaper, the Seneca Patriot, was issued fi'om the press by E. & J. H. Brown, August 4, 1832. The press used was brought to Pennsylvania in tht last decade of the last centuiy, and is said to have been the first west of the Alleghenies.

Preparatory to leaving for the West, the Senecas assembled at Fort Ball in the summer of 1830, and camped there for twenty days while settling their chattels and debts. The fii-st brick yards were established in 1830-31 . St. Mary' a brick chui'ch building was begun in 1831. John Goodin's hotel, a brick house which stood on the site of the National Hall block, was begun late that fall, or (>arly in the spring of 1832. Dr. Kuhn's residence and Abel Eawson's diminutive law office were built. There were in fact only three brick buUdings completed in the city up to the close of 1833, and perhaps ten times that number of frame buildings, most of them veiy small, and a large number of log-houses.

The fii-st bridge constructed in Seneca County was that over the Sandusky, at the foot of Washington Street, in 1833-34, built by Reuben "Williams for Josiah Hedges. In l834 a second bridge was built lower down, and also one across Rock Creek, which were all caiTied away during the high water of that year. The Hedges' toll bridge was erected in 1834. The fiist railroad, the Mad River & Lake Erie, was sm-veyed in 1832 by Stansbm-y, Morris and Van Antwerp: work begun September 7, 1835, was finished as far as Republic, in 1839. and as far as Tiffin in 1841. It was completed in 1847-48 {vide Chapter XI; .

The 4th of July was celebrated with eclat at Tiffin, with Henry C. Brish, marshal, in 1832. The cholera made its first appearance in Seneca County August 19, 1834, when IMrs. John Hubble, of Mom-oe Street, died. A son of Mrs. Dalrymple was the last to die fi'om this visitation in 1834. The disease attacked both native and foreign residents. Fifteen years later, in 1849. this [)lague again visited the county: again in 1852, and afterward in 1854. The first coiu't house was completed in 1836; twelve years prior to this date court was held in the Hedges' Ijuilding.

The fii'st bank in the county was on West Peny Street, where George Adams' house now is. It was opened November 13, 1847, with Benjamin Tomb, president, and R. G. Pennington, cashier. William E. Chittenden was elected cashier the same year, and in February, 1848, Abel Rawson was elected president.

James W. Hill rented the Tiffin Bridge from Josiah Hedges March 30, 1836. The Tiffin Free Bridge was opened in Februaiy. 1837. It cost $2,200. When Van Nest's carriage factory was bui'ned in 1854, this bridge was also destroyed by fire. The cars of the Mad River & Lake Erie Railroad crossed the new bridge to the gi'ain warehouses of Reid. Greene & Co. and R. W. Shawhan, of Tiffin, and W. N. Montgomery, of Fort Ball, in October, 1841. A military company, known as the "Osceolas." was organized at Tiffin in 1S44, with William Lang, captain. This company had a neat green uniform. It is said that John Forman was afterward captain of this company.

A large meeting, held February IS, 1847. nominated Josiah Hedges, F. Singer, IT. P. Coonrad. O. Cowdery. F. Bernard, F. W. Green. A. Rawson, Dr. H. Kuhn, R. W. Shawhan, R. G. Pennington. Hemy Cronise, Eden Lease, J.'G. Breslin, A. C. Baldwin and Dr. McFarland, a committee to present a memorial to the county commissioner for the erection of a substantial bridge at the foot of A\'ashington Street.

Jimo IS, 1847, a hiirricano swept over Tiffin. Commercial Row suffered much damage; Baldwin's Building had a chimney blown down and a portion of the roof crushed in. The business men in the row were A. C. Baldwin & Pride, dry goods; Robert Or urn" s general store, and others.

A fire at Tiffin in September, 1850, destroyed property valued at S2,6()0, including six horses. Sands & Co. (circus men) lost horses and harness; C. Y. Pearson lost his stable; Josiah Hedges lost stable and small IjTiildings and had his dwelling damaged, and Joshua Seney had his house damaged. Sands & Co. 's circus men and the audience abandoned the performance to aid the firemen under Chief Engineer AV. H. tTibson and R. R. Scott, secretary of Engine Company No. I. After the fire was put out. the performance continued on until Sunday morning.

To the fire department may be credited the escape of all this portion of the city from destruction. The Sandusky Engine Company arrived on the scene, but after one-half hour' s work, an accident to their engine rendered their work ineffective.

Postmasters. - David Risdon. the first postmaster at Fort Ball, was also the pioneer postmaster of the county. This was the office for Tiffin up to the spring of 1829. when Jacob Plane was appointed postmaster at Tiffin. Henry Cronise. who settled at Tiffin in 182(3. was postmaster up to November, 1S39, when he was succeeded by George Knupp. Joseph Walker, one of the pioneer merchants of the settlement, was appointed successor to George Knupp, and in October, 1841, removed the office to his house, about where the Empire Block now stands. H. G. W. Cronise was appointed postmaster in December, 1847. and served until May, 1849, when Dr. James Fisher took charge of the office. In July, 1854, George L. Knupp was commissioned postmaster, and served until 1857, when \\'. W. Armstrong took charge. In April. 18G1, Postmaster .Armstrong handed the keys of the office to H. L. McKee. appointed by the Lincoln administration the first Republican postmaster here. Since the appointment of the present postmaster, Locke, the office has grown to be one of the most important in the State.

An election of officers for the town of Tiffin took place June 29, 1 836, at Eli Noixis' tavern, when Dr. Kuhn was elected Mayor. The meeting was called by George W. Gist, N. Goetschius, M. M. Mason, George Park, Charle.s Lewis, John Baugher, M. D. Cadwallader, Joel Stone, J. "W. MiUer and David Beck. In May, 1837, two tickets were placed before the citizens of Tiffin, viz. :

Whig. Democrat

The election, which took jjlace May 6, 1837, resulted in the choice of the following officers: Mayor, Dr. Henry Kuhn; recorder, Calvin Bradley; council. Thomas Lloyd. John Baugher. John Goodin, John Pittinger and John Walker.

In 1838-39 Jefferson Freese was recorder, and Gabriel J. Keen mayor of Tiffin. John Goodin, Thomas Lloyd and Heniy Zimmerman formed the council.

In 184'2 an act amendatory of the act of 1839 amending the original act of 1835 incorporating the town of Tiffin was passed. The Gazette in criticizing the act, stated that a government of the town under the act of 1842 is preferable to the poor government provided for in foi-mer acts. A mayor, recorder and five trustees were to be elected annually. The tii'st election under the amended act took place March 29, 1842, when Henry Ebbert was elected mayor; Jesse Stem, recorder; W. D. Searles, George Kummell, U. R. Flenner, Heni-y Gross and Jacob Fleming, tiiistees.

An election held at Tiffin in Mai-ch, 1843, resulted in the choice of Henry Ebbert for mayor; Jesse Stem, recorder; Henry Gross, Levi Keller, Fred Singer, W.D. Searles and Jacob Boyer, councilmen.

The Tiffin election took place March 29, 1844. The contestants for office and vote are given as follows: Major - Gabriel J. Keen (D.), 98; Henrj^ Ebbert (W.), 94. Recorder - Warren P. Noble (D.), 98; Jesse Stem (W.), 92. Councilmen - Chris. Snyder, Joshua Seney, Samuel Nolan, Jacob Boyer and Fred. Singer, all Democrats, received fi-om 97 to 101 votes; Chai'les F. Dresbach Jacob Hiiss. Francis Rife, W. J. Lewis and George Black, all Whigs, received from 88 to 97 votes, Dresbach (W.) being a tie with Snyder (D).

Tiffin election of Apiil, 1845, resulted in the choice of Charles F. Dre.sbach for mayor, who received 103 votes against ninety-thi'ee received by Joshua Seney. WaiTen P. Noble, 101 votes, recorder; William Campbell, 100; W. D. Searles, 100; F. Rife, 97, and Chiis Snyder, 97, a tie vote; and S. Nolan and F. Singer. 90, a tie vote; and Joseph Gibson, 99 votes.

Tiffin election, 1846, resulted in the choice of Benjamin Pittinger for mayor, "\V. H. Gibson, recorder; Rolla Johnson, A. C. Baldwin, Jacob Fleming, Jesse Stem and Wilson J. Lewis, councilmen.

The Tiffin elections of Maich. 1847. resulted in the choice of David E. Owen, mayor; James P. Pillars, recorder; Jesse Stem, W. H. Keilholtz, Andrew Albrecht, Joseph Gibson and Charles F. Dresbach, councilmen.

In March, 1848, John W. Patterson was elected mayor; William Lang, recorder; H. Groff. Andi-ew Denzer, John Myers, Gabriel J. Keen and Daniel Dildine. Jr. . councilmen.

Under the act of March, I80O, the towns of Tiffin and New Fort Ball were reorganized under one government, and an election ord<'red to be held April 20, IS.'iO, with Messrs. Pittinger, Keilholtz. Groff, Flaugher, mayor of Fort. Ball. Anion Kiggs, and Jacob Buyer, judges of election.

1849. The first election was held March ;50. 1S4U, when George G. Small was elected mayor; James P. Pillars, recorder; Christian Yost, L. A. Hall, Jacob Boyer, \V. P. Noble and Samuel Mitchell, trustees. Under the act of

1850, the two corporations were consolidated, and the first meeting held April 2'j. 1850; AVilliam Lang received 220 votes for mayor, while George L. Wharton received only 108. The votes for treaui'er were : Itobert Crum, 225; George Knupp, 74; and W. H. Gibson, 20; for marshal. Samuel H. Kissinger, 182; John Myers, 88: John Knott, 59; and Daniel Creeger,' 41. The council elected the clerk W. M. Johnson over KobertC. Scott, the vote standing 4 to 8. The councilmen elected were W'. H. Gibson, W. H. Keilholtz, Jacob Flaugher, Jr. and William Johnson, councilmen.

Aiifte-'<t>ors. 181^5. - The assessors, elected in 1885, are named in the following record of election. The first five named are Democrats, the latter five Republicans, one of whom, Bowersox, was elected, lieating Schwartz, the Democrat, in the Second Ward: Rvan. 197; Schwartz. 156; Silvers. 265; Comely, 194; Hafley, 250; Snyder, 106; Bowersox, 216: Sohn. 152; Young, 105; Yerk, 114.

Councilmen. - The city council of 1851 comprised H. Gibson, William Johnson, Andrew Denzer, Jacob Flaugher, William Keilholtz and A men Riggs.

1865. - John L. Fisher, Harrison Noble. At this time Dr. A. B. Hovey and Dr. E. J. McColhim were elected members of the board of health, and Augustus Muetchler, market-master.

Corporation Statistics. - The valuation and taxation of Tiffin City, in 1S84- 85, are shown by the followin<T statistics: value of 715 acres in citv lots, $2,200,410; value of personal property, §870.200; total value. §3,130,010; total State tax. §8,782.51; total county and local tax, S8S,403.53; total of State, county, local and other charges, $99,924.88, together with $190 dog tax. The population of the city, according to the census of 1880, was 7,879, 0.050 being natives of the United States, and 1,229 foreign born citizens. This number has been increased between 3.000 and 4.000 the last five years. From the elaborate report made by the clerk, Chailes J. M. Sullivan, in March, 1885, the following review of the revenue of the city- is taken:

The Police Force. - The beginnings of the police force of Tiffin date l)ack to 1851, when tho first marshal was elected. The marshals of the city since 1851 are named as follows: S. H. Kisinger. 1851; A. Nichols. 18T)2:; J. C. MitcheU. 1853; F. Harris, 1855; H. Britton, 1857; J. Zimmer. 1859; L. A. Beilharz, 1801; H. Britton, 1802; C. Muetchler. 1864: R. Nichol.s, 1871; James George, 1875: AV. H. Kisinger. lSiS3. who was succeeded by Marshal Hummer in 1885 - the vote being 974 and 70S; Kisinger. the Republican, polling tho last named vote. Some years later (1851) a regular bodj- of police W!is organized with the marshal as chief; but the records of tho depart- ment give very little information respecting them. It is known that Amos Nichols, now in Chicago, Charles Brish, I. J. C. Shoemaker, George Miller and Isaac Kobb were among the members of the old force. From April to November, 1872, the force did not exist, owing to some trouble within the council arising out of nominations. In November, 1872, Brish, Robb and James Hennessy were appointed. Among the uumljer who have served in this department may be named Patrick W. Sweeney, 1873-86; J. C. Lamberson, Henry Schlegel, Michael Cahill. William Holleuberg, Andrew Arnold. Xavier Zints, John \^". Stewart. Thomas Falkner. John Hummer and others. Thomas Falkner was added to the force in April, 188o, and in the same month John Hummer was elected marshal. The work of the police, since 1877, shows, in that year, 214aiTests; in 1878, 176 aiTests; in 1879, 178; in 1880, 276; in 1881, 236; for the year ending April 1, 1884, 307 arrests, and for eleven months, ending March 1, 1885, 265 arrests. The nationalities represented in this number are Americans, 217; Germans. 26; Irish. 14; French, 3; Canadians, 2; English, 1, and Scotch. 2. One arrest for mui'der was made, 71 for drunkenness and 80 for disorderly conduct. There were two aiTests for chicken-stealing, and 26 connected with houses of evil repute. In September, 1885, the ordinance requiring all houses to be niunliered. entailed a new duty on the police.

Fire Department. - In the early days of Tiffin, about the time ti'ame and log-houses began to be overshadowed by the more solid brick structiu'es, the question of organizing a fire department was mooted, but laughed out of all countenance. In later years (1849) a volunteer tire company was organized, with W. H. Gibson, foreman. The tirst record at hand refers to the Independ- Fire Company No. 4, an organization which existed prior to 1859, for on April 12 of that year it was reorganized under State law, with John E. Mc- president, A. T. Barnes, vice-president, P. Nyman, treasiuer, and F. P. Bloom, clerk. Leonard Adams was clerk of the meeting. The men named, together with J. S. Yerk. C. M. Yerk, H. A. Spayth and John D. Aj-ndt were the incoi-porators. The older companies, too, changed their organic form. In April, 1867, the Young America Hose Company No. 1 was reorganized. William Kisinger was elected foreman January 6. 1868, and in September of that year received a new four-wheeled hose cart. A few days later they carried off the silver trumpet fi-om five competing companies at the Sandusky tournament. At Clyde, in 1869, they won $50, and in July. 1870, they carried off the honors of the upper Sandusky tovu'nament. In September of that year they met with a like success at Urbana. At Findlay, in 1871, they carried off a $100 gold prize, and at Mansfield in 1S73, a $125 prize. Then followed the Fostoria tournament, which brought additional honors to this company. The loss of the honors at Kenton, and the defeat at Bucyrus, owing to an accident to their carriage, caused a gloom, which was dissipated by their victory at Defiance in 1874. In the great national tom'nament held at Chicago, they held a fifth place among forty-five competitors. So early as 1849 this company was recognized as one of the best among the pioneer fire organizations. Since its reorganization, almost twenty years after, it has won many laurels. W. H. Bloom is now foreman. The late J. H. Pittinger was treasiu-er fi'om 1849 to the time of his sudden death. W. H. Bloom is also foreman of EescueHose Company No. 1, and Charles J. M. Sullivan, secretary. The fire department was reorganized in April, 1880, into six companies. Very many changes have taken place in these companies within the last five years. In May, l885, the department comprised ninety-eight uniformed men, distributed through the following named companies and under the foremen named: Rescue Hose Com- pany No. 1- IB men; W. H. Bloom, foreman. Sui'prisB Hose Company No. 2 - IT) men; George Transuo. foreman. Alei-t Hose Company No. 3 - 20 men, (> honorary: Lonis Schonder, foreman. Prolcetion Hose Company No. 4 - 15 men: F. X. Steiir. foreman. Crescent Hose Company No. 5- 17 men: Conrad Smith, foreman. Union Hook & Laddei- Company' No 1 - IT) men: Frank Seiusoth, f(.)reman. In the lire department we have the following list of /ire apparatus: Two steam tire engines in excellent working condition. 1 hand engine, 1 two-horse hose caiTiage, fi hose carts, 2 hook and ladder trucks, 14 ladders, 5 axes, 4 picks, 4 hooks, 410 feet of rope and chain. 1 1 rubber buckets, 5 steel bars, 8 lanterns. 10 service pipes, 14 tips or nozzles, 1 spray nozzle. 9 hydi'ant wrenches, 35 spanners, 100 feet of guard rope, 2 Siamese couplings, 1 hy<lrant gate, 1 leak stop, 1 ring expander, 68 rubber coats. 24 rubber caps and 3.000 fe(>t of serviceable rubber hose. The cost of maintenance for tlie year ending May, 1SS5, was ¥778. The alarms attended to were 17, and the numl)(>r of actual fires 10.

The dedication of the Firemen's Headquarters took place August 21, 1884, It was one of thos(> reunions such as tiremen alone can give. The welcome to the guests on behalf of the "Union Hooks" and the "Eescues" was delivered bv Charles J. M. Sullivan, and responded to by J. A. Norton. A few days more than a year after, August 24, 1885, the firemen ban(pieteil their late chief. L. B. Johnson, better known as J. L. Biudette. Their periodical suppers and balls are like their services, esteemed.

In 1874 A\', H. Bloom was chief engineer of the city tire de))artment. Josei)h P. Myers was elected chief in 1878. In 1879 Fred. Holler was chief; Fred. Troxel first, and Fred. Keshler second assistant: Roller continued chief in 1880, 1881 and 1882, with Gus Nunaman, first assistant, and Andy Stevcr second. In 1883 J. L. Burdette was appointed chief engineer. August 12, 1885, he tendered his resignation to the council, and in September, 1885, the })resent chief engineer, John Boiler, was appointed.

The existence of a God or a Supreme Being is doubted by few: even those who remain for a time plunged in doul)t, if not in iiilidelity, return to His worship, and, like the bird singing to Him in the foliage, or th(> ocean jiroclaimiug His immensity in the trackless waste of waters and everlasting hymn, declare His power.

Tiffin is, in fact, a church-going city, and in its j)ul)lic records is found tlie proof. There cannot exist a doubt regarding the visits of missionaries to the Indians of the Sanduslry- during the French exploratory period and the Irocpiois invasions, but ther(> fire no positive evidences of the residence of such missionaries here.

Rev. Joseph Badger, of the Congregational Church of Blandford. Mass. . was appointed chaiilain to the northern army in 1812. by Gov. ileigs. and subsequently attached to Gen. Harrison's connnand. He made his residence at Upjier Sanduskj-, under orders from the INIissionaiy Society, and preached to the Indians of this district after the war (Ohio Historical Collections), The early records of this chm-ch are among the unknown quantities,

Mcthoflint Kfiisropal Church. - Mrs. Sally Ingham, who settled with her father. James Montgomery, in Pleasant Townshiji, in 181'.) - herself a lady of cl(>ar intellect and memory states that the first services of this church In- Rev. James Montgomery, were given in the Hedges building, on Virgin or Hose Alley, now Co^u't Street. Elijah H. Fields was the first regular preacher who organized a class at TifBn in 1821. Rev. John W. Clark, a young preacher.

oame in 1S25. Ezra Brown camo in 1827. In 1828 Rev. Alvin Billings came to aid Brown. In 1820 He v. Ezekiel E. Cooper and Sjarague were the preachers untU Ezekiel Gavitt replaced Spragiie. The tirst chui-ch, a small brick structui'e, was dedicated when Ill's. Sally Ingham was seventeen years old, in 1828. James McMahon was the first presiding elder. He was succeeded by Bigelow.

In 1830*, when the Fort Ball Circuit extended to Huron County, the preacher was Ezra Brown. E. R. Jewett, born in Middletown, Conn. , still living, and Thomas Thompson, deceased, came in 1840. In 1841 WiUiam Rimneals was preacher in charge. Rev. StaiTcame in 1842, ShaefPer in 1843, and others seized until 1848.

When Hany Cromwell arrived, in 1840, tho old Methodist Church stood on Market Street, nearly opposite Loomis' foundry. This old building was pui-chasad by Luther A. Hall, who fitted it up as a theater, and it was used by traveling companies for several years, Mrs. Drake's and George Powell's companies playing there one whole winter eveiy night, in 1850-51. The company boarded with Col. Patterson, who then kept the Shawhan House. The building was purchased by Harter, and used as a marble shop; was recently used as headquarters of the torch-light companies, and is stUl standing. The second chiu-ch was erected in 1849-50, at the southeast corner of Market and Monroe Streets. This building is now used as the postoffice. It was sold to John M. Kaull, and converted into a business block, but even after the sale the society continued to worship therein until the interior of the new church was completely finished.

The Northern Ohio Conference of tho Methodist Episcopal Church established a station at Tiffin, in August, 1848, and appointed Rev. E. S. Grumley its pastor. The first quarterly meeting was held October 14, 1848, at the house of W. D. Searles, with Thomas Barkdull, presiding elder, presiding. The fii-st leader was Jacob Huss; the first stewards, H. Ebbert, Thomas Coe, W. D. Searles, Levi Keller and Elisha Olmstead; H. Ebbert, recording steward; J. "W. Patterson, socretaiy of the conference. In December, 1848, Henry Ebbert was appointed secretary at the second quarterly conference. The third conference was held March 17, 184U, the same officers being present. In June, 184U, N. Redd, an exhorter, and the members of the former conference were present. Two members - Keesy and Brewster - were repoiied to have moved to California. In November, 1840, Rev. S. L. Yourtree was chosen preacher. S. Arnold and J. Myers were appointed stewards. July 20, 1850, the trastees of St. Paul' s Church reported the completion of a house of worship 44x00 feet, with gallery, lectm-e-room, prayer-meeting room and the class-rooms, at a cost of almost §5,000. Tho memorial stone of this building bears date 1848. In February, 1851, S. L, Yoiu-tr(>e. with A. Laubach, L. P. and N. Redd, exhorter, formed the ministry. In November, 1851, W. B. Disbro was presiding elder; Alex Nelson, station jn-eacher; A. Laubach and N. Redd, local preachers. In November, 1852, L. B. Giu'ley succeeded Mi-. Nelson as preacher in charge. In August, 1854, J. Carney was appointed local preacher: in December, 1854. John Quigloy was appointed local preacher, and in March, 1855, the latter was appointed station preacher. In December, 1855, William C. Peirce was presiding elder; A. Nelson, station preacher; with Messrs. Redd and Carney, local preachers. In November, 1850, C. L. Foote succeeded Rev. Nelson. E. R. Jewett was appointed in October, 1857; John

-In 1830 the Northern Ohio ronferenre of the Mctholi>t Episcopal Church, embracing the counties of LoEan, Hardin, Wvaudof, Scuect, Wood, Hancock, -Mien, l"uln.iMi and others, had a nienihcrship of 23,844, including 91 colored and 213 Indians. .\t that lime there were but few colored men in northern Ohio, and the Uiajority of these were members of :>ouie church or another.

A. Mudge in November, 1858. In 1859 Rev. J. R. Jewctt succeeded Mr. Peii-ce as presiding elder, and in October, 18C0, E. H. Bush was appointed. In June, 1861, the nami> of Ephraim Porter appeai-s as exhorter for the first time, while that of N. Redd is continued as local preacher.

In November, 18()1, Rev. G. S. Phillips was station preacher. He was succeeded in the fall of 1863 by Rev. T. F. HildiH>th. At this time A. K. Owen was presiding elder. In October, 1864, Rev. A. J. Lyon was station preacher. G. W. Breckem-idge was appointed presiding elder in 1865. During th(> year ending S(>ptember, 1865, the expenses of the station amounted to $1,003.54, all of which was collected. The salary of Rev. A. J. Lyon for the year 1865-66 was placed at $800. In the fall of 1867 Rev. L. Warner was appointed station preacher. At this time Jacob W. Miller, one of the old members of the church, died. In October, 1868, the name of \V. H. Seeley appears' as jmstor.

The officials of the church at Tiffin, in 1868, were as follows: Trustees of the M(>thodist Episcopal Chui'ch - Elisha XJmsted, John Cram, John Park, \V. D. Searles, Henry Ebbert, Thomas Coe, John Pittinger, Jacob Huss and John W. Patterson. The trustees of the parsonage lot were Henry Ebbert, John Park, Jacob Huss, Levi Keller and Eli Umsted, and the trustees of the new Methodist Episcopal Church were Elisha Umsted, John Park, Jacob Huss, W. D. Searles, Thomas Coe, John W. Patterson. John EUiijtt. Jacob W. Miller and Heni-y Ebbert, appointed by Rev. H. Humphrey, Februaiy 14, 1848. In March, 1869, the name of L. B. Gurley appears as presiding elder. John Park died this year, and C. C. Park was appointed to fill his place on the board of trustees. In September, 1869, D. P. Dildine was appointed secretary. Rev. A. Lyon, presiding elder, and Rev. W. H. Seeley still continued as pastor, with E. Porter still exhorter. Rev. L. B. Giu-ley was presiding elder in December, 1870; Rev. George Collier, pastor, and H. E. Thompson, steward, vice Hewett, who joined the Methodist Protestant Church. In 1871 Rev. A. J. Lyon was again presitling elder, and in May of that year Rev. George Collier's salary was increased from $1,000 to $1,'200 per annum. The expenditure of the society for the year ending in 1871 amounted to $1,389.80.

This Mr. Collier was born atLe Roy, Ohio, August 29, 1825; served as chaplain in the Thirty-foiu"th and Thirty-fifth Ohio Regiments diu'ing the war; was a prisoner of Gen. ^Morgan for four months, accused of being a spy; came to Tiffin in 1870, agent of the O. \V. U. of Delaware; presiding elder of ^\'ooster District, and lastly chaplain to the garrison at Fort Pembina. In February, 1875, St. Paul's Methodist Church (begun in 1874), on Madison Street, west of M'ashington Street, was dedicated by Bishop R. Foster. The estimated cost of the building was $50,000. This is a massive red brick structure, with stone facings, the style Gothic throughout. Its beginning was made by Rev. Collier; some interior improvements made by Rev. J. A\'. Mendenhall and his predecessors, and its completion effected during the pastorate of Rev. J. S. Reager, who came in 1883. and gave place to the present pastor. Rev. W. F. McDowell in September, 1885.

There is no branch of the church in this country which has been split into as many separate organizations as the Jlethodists. Early in its history, those opposed to the e[)iscopacy, with its arbitrary power of appointing the preachers, formed the Methodist Protestant Chui'ch. In 1844 the main body divided upon differences gi'owing out of the slavery question, and became the Methodist Episcopal Church and the Methodist Episcopal Church South.

First Methodist Church, commt)nly called Methodist Protestant Church, completed a house of worship at Tiffin, on Jlonroe Street, July 8, 1837, which was dedicated by Rev. E. S. Woodward. The building committee comprised John Souder. William Campbell, Joseph Walker and D. H. Philips. In 1872 the large church building on East Market Street was .comj>leted and opened for worship. James Montgomery, one of the seceders fi-om the ]\Iethodist Episcopal Church, organized this society in 1829, and a year later passed to his reward, leaving fifteen brother members to look after the affairs of the church. Rev.Alvin Coe followed him as visiting pastor, but on John Souder the class leading devolved, until Tiffin was acknowledged a part of the Methodist Protestant Circuit, when many preachers visited the place. Rev. O. V. W. Chandler, the present pastor, entered on his duties here September 20, 1879. Under his administration, and the watchful care of Mr. Souder, the church has grown in membership and usefulness.

The Presbyterian Church may be said to have its origin in the church of Melmore, for, on November, 1828, letters of dismission were granted to a* number of communicants to organize a church at TifBji. In the spring or summer of 1829, the society perfected its organization here. Six years prior to this organization, in 1823, Rev. James Robinson visited Fort Ball and preached in one of the cabins there. In the Hedges budding, which stood on or near the Advertiser office, subsequent ser-sdces were held. This was the first frame building erected in the county, and is still to be seen at the mouth of Rock Creek. The fh-st Presbj^terian families here were William Hunter. John Hunter, Samuel Hunter, James A\'. G. McChu'e. Milton Jennings. Peter Marsh, John Young, Ezekiel MePheiTeu and Hugh Welch. James Robinson then preached at Republic, Melmoie and Tiffin, and erected a house on South Washington Street, which is still standing. Rev. James McCutchen or McCutchan followed Mi\ Robinson. While the McCutchen rivival meetings were taking place at Republic, R(>v. Mr. Reed, who was then pastor at Tiffin, originated a revival here, which continued in 1838-39. Rev. Mr. Campbell succeeded Mr. Reed in 1842. Gen. Gibson relates a story of the methodical eloquence of the preacher. " One sultry Sabl)ath morning," says the (ieneral, ' ' Brother C. was preaching, and in illustration of some thought, remarked very slowly, ' Now there is a house on fire, ' then paused. Before he could proceed, a little gentleman named W. D. Scott, probably drowsy and very nervous, not discovering the tenor of the remark, sprang to his feet, and shouted, ' Where, Mr. Campbell, where ? ' Then rushing to the street, he shouted 'Fire! Fire! Fire! ' The chui-ch was empty in a moment, and it is thought that the figure of speech, however misapplied by the audience, was very exciting."

Rev. F. Putnam was stated supply from 1844 to 1849, and held services in the Methodist Protestant Chiu-ch. Rev. A. S. Dunton and Rev. John Whipple were also preachers here about this time. During Mr. Putnam's term, Josiah Hedges, in 1845, donated the society a lot, on which they erected a church.

In 1 834 the State gi-anted a charter to the First Presbyterian Church of Tiffin, with Milton Jennings, Peter Marsh, and Allen Campbell named a.s trustees.

From 1849 to 1852, Rev. R. Bern ent and others filled the pulpit. In June, 1852, Rev. James Pelan entered the work as supply, and the last session was held June 24, 1855. On May 16, 1858, Rev. John McLain came and remained until 1862, when he was appointed commissioner to represent the Western Reserve Presbytery in the General Assembly of the chiu-ch in the United States. He, however, visited Tiffin afterward, and died in June, 1862. Rev. D. S. Logan was pastor from July, 1862, to February 13, 1864. He was succeeded in March, 1865, by Rev. J. E. Lapslcy, who served until June 7. iMiiJ. iiov. R. B. Moore came in 1806. At this time he preached in the old ch\irch of 184J. and continued to preach there until Octol)er 20, 1871, when the new chiu'ch was dedicated. On December 6, 1861), Dr. E. J. McCollum presided over a meeting to consider the question of building a chiu'ch. It was resolved to secure a site on the Tiifin side of the river. Dr. McCoUum, Rev. Moore, Prof. S. J. Kirkwood, Robert Lysle, E. C. Boyd, John McCalmout and Joseph Burnsides were delegated to solicit subscriptions, and E. G. Bowe, John Mc- Calmout and Rev. R. B. Moore appointed a building committee. This action resulted in the dedication of the present chiu-ch, October 20, 1871; twelve days after Rev. Moore tendered his resignation. On April 8, 1872, his resignation was accepted. On August 12, 1872, Rev. J. F. Pollock was invited to preach as a candidate for the puljjit. On March 10, 1873, a call was extended to Rev. W. R. Kirkwood, who declined; on May 18, Rev. E. Buckingham, of Canton, was calletl, but did not accept, and on July 1, 1873, Rev. J. F. Pollock was called, who accepted and was installed September 7, 1873. In 1875 union meetings wer(> held by Rev. H. H. Wells. Between this year and 1878 the church labored under some financial difficulty, so that the relations of Rev. Mr. PoUoek to thechiu-ch here were dissolved. On June 10, 1878, Rev. D. D. Bigger was called, on motion of Rev. E. B. Moore, and on Jime 29, 1878, he was installed pastor. At this time a heavy debt and appalling skepticism met the new preacher, but he rose above such difficulties, and led his church safely to the newer and better era of 1885. The deaths among commimicants from" 1878 to July, 1883, were Mrs. Barbara Ellen Augene, 1878; Mi-s. Jane Laird McCalmont, Mi-s. Margaret A. Kroh, Miss Imogene Miller, Elder .lohn McCalmout, in 1879; Marie Gries, Helen Frederici, in 1880; Elder John Kerr, Nannie Clark, in 1881; Mrs. Jane Elder St. John, Miss Katie Hobbs, Mrs. Ij. Russell Dresbach. Mrs. A. A. G. Russell, in 1882, and M. W. Laird, in 1883. The chiu'ch stands on the southwest corner of Market and Mom-oe Streets, in the heart of the city. It is a large, brick structure, Elizabethan in style. (Historical sermon by Rev. D. D. Bigger, July 1, 1883: Tiffin Neirv.)

St. Mary's Cafholie Church may be said to have been founded at Tiffin in 1826, but not for five years later was the district set off as a station. Father Moynahan and Bishop Fenwick visited Fort Ball and Tiffin in 1826, and there met John Julian and Jacob Bonar, old members of the chiu-ch. In 1829 Bishop Fenwick pm-chased lands in rear of the present Ursuline Convent. On May 15. 1831, Rev. Edmund Quiun came here, and held services in Julian's houst', near the old St. Mai-y's Cemetery, and on the same day solemnized the mania;;e of John Nott and Henrietta Dickey, and baptized Hem-ietta Arnold, daughter of William and Anna (Noel) Ai-nold. Among the members in 1831 were Bartholomew and Patrick Kenny, one of whom was drowned; Daniel Shea, who died in 1859; Michael Volmer, Michael Rin(>bolt, John B. Massonet, the Dougherty family, one of whom donated a farm of eighty acres to St. Mary's; Robert, Montgomery, who was received into thechiu-ch June 16, 1S31. Among the old members, also, were John Whelan. Mi<;hael Martin. Daniel McLaughlin. Samuel Nolan, Frank Fanning, Henry Kelly, Peter Kintz. all living; John McCarthy, Elias Hanley, Phil. Staub. James Cahill, C. McNamee, Balthazar Huffiing, Phil, and Patrick Heniiessy. John Knott. David Leahy, James Leahy. Owen Fanning, John Guiot. Michael Strausbaugh. Thomas Elder. Philip King, Michael Coughlin, John Smith. Timothy Nolan. Lawrence King, William Johnson, Michael Tuomy and Michael Coleman, all numbered among the dead. There were also John Gipson, 1833. John and Margaret Montgomery, 1831 (the latter now Mrs. Michael Kellar), William Arnold,

John Noel, Daniel Martin, Gabriel La Point, the Frey family, Joseph, Peter and Louis Lonquin or Lonsway, the Drurons, Roseti Borough, Mathias Panwell, Michael Annesser, and others. A brick church was erected in 1S82-33, by Rev. Edmund Quinn, the same which formed a part of St. Mary' s School, over thuiy years ago. The present chui'ch, on the western terrace, Sandusky and Miami Streets, was built in 1850, by Rev. M. Sullivan. Rev. Quinn died in 1835, when Rev. Schonhenz came, dedicated the first church in 1S37, and was transferred in 1839. Revs. McNamee and Macheboeuf were then appointed, the former remaining nine years, and the latter thi'ee years. On June 21, 1840, the late Bishop Pui-cell attended St. Mary's. Rev. Michael Howard and Rev. M. Melon were priests of the mission from 1847 to 1852, when Rev. Michael Sullivan took charge of the parish, and Rev. Molon, of St. Joseph's Parish. In 1859 Rev. Michael Healy, a native of L-eland, was appointed priest, and has administered the affairs of St. Maiy's since that time. The bell, purchased in 1858 by P. H. Ryan (one of the trustees) for $1,000, is still in use. The congregation uiunbers about 1,200.

St. Joseph's Catholic Church was foiuided in 1845, and the first services were held by the Sauguinists of the church in Thompson Tovmship; none of whom resided here permanently. In January, 1852, Rev.M. Molon was appointed to the charge of this parish; he was also priest of St. Mary's; but in Septem- ber of that year Rev. J. B. Uhlmann took charge. Rev. Joseph L. Bihn succeeded him in 1856 and continued until 1873, Rev. Nicholas Sintz assisting from the fall of 1870 to the fall of 1872, when Rev. A. M. Meile was appointed. He was succeeded in the sununer of 1873 by Rev. J. A. Michenfelder. November 13, 1873, the late Rev. Charles Everard arrived. He found St. Joseph' s Church closed under an order of the bishop and the affaii's of the parish in very poor condition. He was peculiarly successful as a financier, and his management has told in each of the chui'ches to which he was assigned. A heavy debt was resting upon St. Joseph's when Father Everard was installed, but it was all wiped out and the church saved nearly $11,000. Besides at Toledo he built St. Mary' s Church and St. Joseph's Chapel, and many changes and improvements have been made under his supervision in this city. The ftuieral of this truly good man was held May 15, 1885, Bishop Gilmore presiding; ministers of all denominations were present at the sacred ceremonies, while thousands participated in the last honors to departed worth and holiness. A short time prior to his death he resigned his charge, when Rev. Martin Puetz of Monroeville was appointed pastor. In June, 1885, a brother of the pastor was appointed assistant priest.

In the spring of 1839 John Julian agitated the question of erecting a large chiu'ch at Tiffin; but owing to the jealousy of a few, who charged him with collecting such moneys for his own use, he allowed the subject to drop, but did not deem it worth while to prosecute the libeller. In 1845 the people of St. Joseph's Parish, under the lead of Michael Kirchner, Dr. Joseph Boehler, Joseph Kuebler, John Houck, John Bormuth, Joseph Volmer. Mike Theissen, Frank Gruelich and others, including a few English speaking members, built a brick church on the site of the present stately edifice, which continued in use until April, 1861, when it was torn down. In that month the building of the present church was begun, under the sujierintendence of Father Bihn, and completed in September, 1802, at a cost of $25, 000, and the first piu-ely Gothic house of worship was added to the buildings of the county. The dedicatoiy services were carried out on September 14th, that year. He who conceived the building, and under whose direction it was carried out, has since established an institution which is an honor to the age and people, and has also built an-

St. Francis' Chapel was founded Jime 4, 1868, and one part of the building completed in 1809, another in 187S, the third in 1883. This chiu'ch is in connection with the Citizens' Hospital and Orphan Asylum, and has been under the care of Father Bihn since its establishment. The building is 70x40 feet, beautifully finished, and contains an Italian marble altar, said to be one of the finest pieces of such work in this part of Ohio. The church forms a central figure in that grand pile of buildings which the energy and zeal of Father Bihn, aided by the approving support of the people, have given to the city.

The Church of our Lady of Lourdes is within the Ursuline Convent on Madison Street. It forms only a small part of the building, but is fully characteristic of convent life in ornamentation and neatness. The chiuTh dates back to 18()8.

First Baptist Church was organized October 20, 1857, by Rev. Lyman J. Fisher, with the following named members: Eliza Harriet and William J. Crawford, William Gallup, F. Brownell and Benjamin Tomb. H. Housel and J. H. Cole were also early members. The first house of worship was erected on the south side of Perry Street, just east of Washington Street, in 1860, and dedicated December 2, that year. This is a nondescript building indeed, and appears to be built solely for the purpose of shelter without any attempt to surpass the pan-doric style. In September, 1861, Rev. Addison Jones succeeded Mr. Fisher, and the church made its first advance in numbers and importance. Revs. J. M. Davis, G. G. Harriman and many other jjreachers have filled the pulpit here up to January, 1885, when the fii-st pastor. Rev. L. J. Fisher, received an unanimous call and responded to it. Ho is now the pastor. This church was reorganized under State law February U, 1864, with B. Tomb, William Jordan and William Gallup, trustees; E. Mills, moderator, and W. Gallup, clerk.

'Trinity Protcatant Episcopal Church was reorganized imder State law April 7, 1S56 - Rev. W. H. Cooper, presiding, and John G. Kennedy, clerk - when R. G. Pennington, Dr. F. Franklin, Peter Furgeson, Henry Zahm, Dr. E. Pennington and William Neobbs were elected trustees. The name " Trinity Church " was adopted at this meeting. Prior to this time, however, services were hold at Tiffin, by missionary preachers, so that the society may be said to have continued down to the present time. Under the administration of the present rector. Rev. J. H. W. Blake, the chivrch here has made gi-eat advances. It is i)rop()sed to erect a pretentious brick and stone building instead of the present old but neat frame church, at the corner of Jefferson and Market Streets.

German Evangelical St. John's Church was organized March 5, 1830. as the United German Evangelical Lutheran and German Evangelical Reformed St. John's, with ten members and Rev. Adolph Conrad, pastor. The first members were Andrew Albright. Philip ^\onz, Valentine Seewald, Francis Santer. Andi-ew Bloom, Andrew Denzer, John Ditto, Jacob Boyer and William Lang. The pastors of the church have been Rev. A. Conrad, 1830-41: J. Beilharz, 1842-53; John F. Escher. 1854; H. Rutenick, 1857; J. G. Neuschmidt. 1860 ; W. Rein, 1870 ; Ferdinand Weissgerber, 1871 ; G. V. Luternan, 1875; Christopher Zimmerman, 1875; and Rev. Francis Bolz, the present jiastor, in 1881. The secretaries of the society have been Hartman L. Braun, J. Florer and Will. Morgenroth. The church society was incorporat(>d March 15, lS7l». with Andrew Albrecht, Philip Mentz, Valentine Seewald, Frank Santer, Andrew Bloom, Andrew Deneer. Philip Seewald, John Ditto,

Jacob Boyer and William Lan>^. members, with their associates. Louis Braiim was secretary, Hem-ich Schmidt and Andrew Degen. trustees. The lirst logchurch was erected in 1830, on the site of the present brick chiu'ch. which was built and dedicated in IS")?. The parsonage was erected in l.SaV). The congregation is made up of about 100 families.

North Wmhington Street Evanfjelical Society, or Ebenezer Church of the Evangelical Association, was organized in 1870, with forty members, by Rev. J. Lerch, the first pastor. The building of a church was projected and commenced in 1870, and, according to original plans, was completed, all biit the auditorium. The basement of the church was dedicated by Bishop K. Dubs, and has since been occupied by the society for chiu'ch and Sunday-school services. In July, 1888, steps were taken to complete it, and June 15. 1884. the buikling was finished at a cost of §11,000, and dedicated liy Bishop Thomas Bowman; Rev. J. A. Hensel. a former pastor, preaching the sermon. The association was incorporated May 4, 1870, with the following members: A. E., C. M. and Sarah Dresbach. F.," E. and Jennie Nicolai, H. W. andM. A. Huber, Daniel T. and Sarah Shubert, William Coupp, Benjamin F. Lutz, Eli Loose, Gideon Martin, M. S. Paynter, Louisa Albert, S. C. Hankey and Clara Freadi-ick, members. The pastors have been Revs. J. Lerch, J. A. Heusel, A. C. Stull, A. Vandersall. and N. Shupp, the present pastor. The secretaries have been Fred. Nicolai, B. F. Lutz and J. S. Diyfus. This church has not at any time had any great advancement in membership, but has enjoyed a steady gl-o^vth and is in a healthy condition. The membership is now IKK At the organization of the church a STindayschool was also established, which has had a steady gro%vth, numbering in the last quarter 175 scholars. The following have served as superintendents in the order in which they appear: Ezra Nicolai, Winfield Six, G. W. Ellenberger.

Salem German Evangelical Church dates back to the conference of the association held in 1850, when Tiffin was set off as a station, with Rev. Leonhard Scheuerman, pastor. The original members were Jacob Schneider. Louis Schubert, Jonas Huber, J. G. Zinser, "William Negele. Sr., A. E. Dresbach and Joseph Beidleman. The pastors succeeding JIi-. Scheiiennan were J. G. Theuer, J. G. Zinser, G. Tramer, G. Hasenpfiug, J. Frankhouser. C. F. Negele, E. B. Grouse, F. Freeh, C. G. Koch, W. Schupp, G. Schneider, W. F. Zander, and the present pastor. C. Gahn. The secretaries have been J. G. Zinser and William Negele, the latter now holding the office. The chxu'ch was erected March 28. 1858, at a cost of !?2.400, on _Sandusk\' Street, near Perry. The society was incorporated October 11, 18(0. with the following named members: William Negele, Charles Werner. Got. Meister, L. and Juliana Schiu-tzes. John Samuelt, Jonas Huber, Peter Schneider, C. G. and Catharine Koch. L. Shuber, John Lechti. G. Behler. Reuben Han-is. Thomas Dixon. William Tiansed. Christina Endel. Susan Miller. Rosa Shubert. Angelina Heelman, Caroline Behler, Hannah Fishbaugh, Mary Strauss, Lottie Endell. Margaret Stahlschmidt, Margaret Samuelt, Sarah Becher, Eliza Morlech and Lena Stahlschmidt. Five trustees were elected at this time.

The First Reformed Church, was organized as the German Evangelical Reformed Church, July 21. 1838, with the following named members: Frederick Cramer, Thomas Derr, Jose{)h Ogle. George Stoner. Christian Stoner, Jacob Kroh, Joseph Foncannon, John Kime. John Martin. Enos Cramer, Ezra Derr, Jonathan Foltz, John Lydey, Christian Ramsbiirg, Frederick W. Shriver, William Baugher. John Ditto, Elizabeth Ogle. Catherine Cramer, Catherine Shriver, Susannah Ramsburg. Rosanna Derr, Mary Lydey. The names of pastors since 1833 are given as follows: Rev. John L.Sanders, Frederick llahauser, Daniel Kroh, Hiram Sbaull, George D. ^^'olfF, ^\ illiam K. Zieber, E. E. Higbee, L. H. Kefauver. Thirteen secretaries have served the society down to this time, inchiding AVilliani H. Good, the present sccretaiy. The number of members is 225, and the vahie of property $18,000. In 1834 the old society piu-chased the lot on which the church stands from Josiah Hedges, and entered at once oo building a house of worship, which was completed in 1835. The jiresent church was erected in 18()0, dimng Rev. E. E. Higbee's pastorate, and repaired in 1883 at a cost of $4,500.

The \\'oman's Foreign Missionary Society of this church was organized in May, 1880, with twenty members. At one time the membership was ninetyeight: now it is thirty-live. The amount expended since organization aggregates S3IJ0.64.

Second Reformed Church (German) was organized December 14, 1850, with the following named members: Henry Trumbor and wife, Ed. Swander and wife, Isaac Strauss and wife, Philip Yon Blon and wife, J. Steinbach and wife, "William Sohn and wife, "William Steckel and wife, John Schneider and wife, Valentine Trumpler. Moses Kramer and wife, John Swander and wife, Lydia Koch, Philip Souder and wife, Jonas Seiple and wife, Ed. Andre and wife, Jacob Zimmer and wife. F. Reif and wife, Elis. Reif, J. Bauer and wife, J. Miller and wife, H. Hnntz and wife. P. L. lliem and wife. It was reorganized as a coi-porate body April 17. 1854, with twenty-sis members. Philip Yon Blon, Sr. , was re-elected president, and Rev. E. V. Gerhart, clerk. The constitution of the society was adopted December 19, 1850. about which time it was tirst organized. The pastors of the chiu-ch were Revs. Fred. Wahl, 1850-54; E. Y. Gerhart. 1854, and J. H. Good. Rev. H. Rust is the present pastor. The secretaries of the society kave been F. ^\'ahl, Franz Reif, Philip Emich, G. A. Lautermilch, J. Schildknecht, A. Marksthaler. Philip Hyman, Adam Hade. In 1858 their tirst house of worship was erected. Now thechiuch property is valued at i?2,500. The nimiber of members is 285.

Grace Reformed Church is one of the latest, as it is one of the most important, additions to the chiu'ches of the city. The corner-stone of the building was placed June 24, 1883, the sermon being delivered by Rev. J. H. Good. Rev. H. H. \V. Hilshman is the lirst and present minister of this chiu'ch. The following officers were elected in May. 1885: Edward Swander and Edward Andre; deacons, Joseph W. Biu-nside and Dennis Holtz. The building, which stands on the northeast corner of Perry and Jefferson Streets, is of red brick, with hea\'j' stone facings, and is of modern English in style of architecture. The stained glass windows are very line pieces of workmanship.

The i'Yrsf EnyKsh Evangelical Lutheran Church was organized in the sumner of 1844, by Rev. J. Livengood, with David Rickenbaugh, Samuel Rule, Jacob Bowser. John Bowser, John Secrist. George Ritzman, Simon Snyder, M. Rosenberg, and their wives.

The first house of worshij) built by this organization was a plain fj-ame stiiicture, 30x40, and one story in height. The building was commenced in the simimer of 1844. and dedicated by Rev. J. Crouse, D. D. . May 25, 1845, under the name of "Luther Chapel.'" After ha^^ng been occupied for twenty years, the old fi'ame church was moved away, and the present l^rick edifice erected in its place. This was solemnly devoted to the service of God in May, 18G6, and given the name: "'The First English Evangelical Lutheran Church, of Tiffin, Ohio." The dedicatory sermon was preached, and the principal financial effort for the liquidation of its indebtedness conducted also by Rev. J. Crouse, D. D. The church was reorganized under the State law, December 25, 1860, with Rev. William W. Criby presiding, and L. Wisler, clerk; John

Zeigler, Abram Horsberger and George Sayder, trustees, and Conrad Yingst, clerk. The preachers since organization have been J. Livengood, Thomas Hill, Isaac Cutler. W. \V. Crilley, J. W. Goodlin, J. F. Reinmund, D. D., Jacob Stick, D. D. , J. Grouse, D. D. , and Rev. Samuel Schwann, the present pastor. In March, 1885, Dr. Grouse retii-ed, having served almost forty-three years in the ministry of his chui'ch. He began his labors in Crawford Coimty in 1842. During that time he has prefiched in Gallon, Leesville, Plymouth (seven years), Sulphiu' Springs, DeKalb, Bucyrus (eight years), Tiffin (eight years and two months), and many other points. He was also connected with Wittenberg College for seven years as financial secretary.

The Open Door Sunday-Scliool Society, instituted some years ago, holds Sunday services in the city hall. H. G. Day is superintendent of this religious association, and H. J. B. Ford, secretary. '

The Universalist Church claims a small membership here, but is without organization. This form of Christian woi'ship was introduced into Tiffin, March 15, 1839, by A. A. Davis, who held "Universalian" services at the court house.

The Mormon Church. - The number of natives or settlers of this county who became members of the chui'ch of Latter Day Saints is uncertain. Oliver Cowdery, a lawyer of Tiffin, who settled here over forty years ago with his family, was one of the better minds in the church. In 1847 ho joined Jesse Strang's monarchical colony of Mormons, moved from Wisconsin in 1847, and died in Missouri in 1848.

Other bodies of Chi'istians, including the Spiritualists, exist here without organization; while, in connection with the churches, a number of missionary and aid societies are in being.

The Hebrew Society is well represented at Tiffin, but there is no synagogue here. The more important holy days of the Jews are, however, observed.

The first schoolhouse erected at Seneca county seat was that old landmark which stood at the northwest corner of Market and Monroe Streets, on land donated by Josiah Hedges in 1828. This was a brick sti-uctiu'e completed in 18132. Benjamin Crockett was the first teacher in this building. George Donaldson, Jacob Plane (who was appointed postmaster in 1820) and Richard Sneath were the school tnistees in 1828. The schoolhouse of 1832 continued in use twelve years. In 1844 the pioneer schoolhouse gave place to a more pretentious building on the north side of Market Street, near Mom-oe, in which four teachers were employed. William Lang, Rev. Mr. Collins and Mrs. Gibbs wore the principals. In 1847 HaiTison Noljle was appointed teacher, and during the following three years no less than a dozen different persons presided over the classes in those four old rooms, which constituted the Tiffin schools.

Prof. B. B. Hall, suporiiitcndont of tho public schools; Prof. B. F. Myors, assistant: supej-intendent. In 1880 and 1881 tho board remained unchanged, but Prof. J. W. Knott, suporintendont of the public schools, was elected vice Hall, and Prof. B. F. Myers, assistant superintendent, was continued as assistant. The board of 1882 and 1888 comprised the same members as that of the three preceding years. In 1884- Dr. J. A. Norton, W. P. Ncible, Sylvester J. Kintz, Lewis S(H>wald, J. M. Hershb(>rgei' and Charles O. Kneppei* formed the board, with Prof. Knott and Prof. B. F. Myers holding their positions. The election of 1885 resulted in the re-election of Kintz and Knepper over the Republican candidates. Gibbon and Baldwin, the vote standing 1,005 and 1,095 against 702 and 070, respectively.

In 1850 the board of education adopted a school system very far above that in vogue previously, and employed a corps of eight teachers, viz. : William Fitzgerald. Thomas J. Croniso, Samuel Nolan, Mrs. Sarah Sands, Miss E. Augspergor, Miss Eliza Cronise, Miss C. Coffin and Miss Andrew. The highest salary paid was $24 per mouth, but the regular salary was $15. Kev. R. R. Bement was the first superintendent, serving for $2 per month. The next sup(>rintendent, S. S. Rickley, was more fortunate, as he received $33. 33 per mouth, for the year ending May, 1852. During this year the Union Schoolhouse was erected, near St. Mary's Church, at a cost of $6,000. It was not, however, until 1859 that the high school building was opened, although a high school classf graduated the previous year. In 1871 two large school buildings were added to Tiffin, one in 1878, and one in 1883.

Tiffin High School Alumni Association was organized May 20, 1881. The graduates from 1803 to 1885 numbered 107, of whom 132 were ladies. In the following record the address of all graduates, other than residents of Tiffin, is given:

Class of 1882. - Georgia A. Clarke, Jessie D. Keller, Fostoria,Ohio; Jennie Martin, Esther Mosier, Carrie A. Myers. Lucy Seinsoth, Carrie V. Steninger, Pauline Strieker.

The teachers of the public schools of TiiSn, in August, 1885, are named as follows: J. W. Knott, superintendent; B. F. Myers, assistant superintendent and principal of the Second District Schools; Miss S. E. Piatt, Mrs. M. E. Zartman. Kate Sughro, Hallie Levitt, Josie Spiers, Eva Bacher. MoUie Good, Theresa Pittinger, Ciara Shawhan. CaiTie Myers. Fannie McLain, Lissette Herbig and Emma IMerkelbach, teachers in First District; Leonora Mitchell, Mary Hartman. Corinuo Spayth, Josie Ward, Mary F. Van Pelt, Ida K. Smith and Lucy Seinsoth, teachers in Second District; Celesta Stoner, Clara Barnes, Mattie Newson and Jessie Poorman, teachers in Third District; Flora Poorman, Amelia Saner and Mabel Spayth, teachers in Fourth District, and Lam-a Freyman, teacher in Fifth District.

The statistics of the schools of Tiffin for the year ending August 31, 1884, are as follows: Local tax, §15,998.08; State tax, $4,479; in-educible school fund. §4,085; balance from 1883, $12,079.48; amount realized from sale of school bonds. §18.000; from fines, licenses, etc., 13.734.08; total revenue, §54,330.99; amount paid teachers, §13,319; managing and superintending, §1.350: cost of groimds and buildings, .$12, 270. 92; fuel and sundries, §6,602.47; total expenditure, §33,542; balance to credit of year 1885, §20,788.60. Five school buildings - value of property, §90,000, including schoolhouse of 1883-84 erected at a cost of §20,000; number of teachers, 32; average salary, $63 and §3S; nimiber of pupils, 1,347 - 653 boys and 694 girls - of whom 96 are enrolled in high school classes; rate of local school tax, 6i mills. The school enumeration made by ADier Beilharz in September, 1885, credits the city proper with 1 , 304 male and 1 . 357 female children, and the first and fourth sub-districts with 109 male and S3 female chiklren, or a total of 1,413 males and 1,440 females, with two colored males and fom- colored females; 2,859 youth between six and twenty-one years of age, an increase of 47 over the enumeration of 1884. The number of unmarried youth between the ages of sixteen and twenty-one years is 819, an increase of 50 over the number recorded in 1884.

The Catholic Schools were established by Rev. Father Molon. P. H. Ryan succeeded John Crowley in charge of the school. This John Crowley was truly as gi-eat a Latin scholar as he was a whisky drinker. He could speak Latin the day long, keep from strong drink for a term, but when he would drink he was a teiTible character, sacrificing everything to satisfy this awful craving. In 1855 or 1856 Warren P. Noble remarked jokingly to Crowley that he would help him in securing the nomination for mayor. Crowley looked athim steadily and said; "Quid, quid, idesf, fimeo Denaos et dona ferentes.'' He left Tiffin prior to the war. but of his whereabouts nothing is known. Mr. Ryan had charge of this school until the winter of 1853-54. At this time school was held in the vestiV)ule of the old St. Mary's Church. Cornelius Hennessy took charge of the school in 1854, and was succeeded in 1855 by a daughter of John Britt. During her term the old chiu-ch. in which school continued to be held, was burned to the groimd (1856). That same year. Mi". Ryan, as a tnistee, purchased the old fi-ame Union School building of the Second Ward, which stood where the present St. Mary's Schood now is, moved it eastward, and placed it on the north side of Miami Street, two lots .south of Franklin Street, in Fort Ball. There were two male teachers employed in this building prior to the coming of the sisters, and the sisters continued school in that same building east of Franklin Street, until 1884. In 1856 the Union ScLool erected a brick schoolhouse where the old Union School stood, and in this teaching was caiTied on until 1884, when the sisters, who purchased the building and grounds for .§5,001), opened it in 1884 as St. Maiy's School.

The UrsiiUne Concenf, Schools and College. - The convent was founded at Tiffin in 1863, by members of the order from Cleveland, Ohio, at the request of the congregations of the parishes of St. Maiy and St. Joseph, who subscribed about S3, 000, and purchased the lot on which the present convent now stands. This society, as now established at Tiffin, was reorganized under State law, September 7, 1864, with Sister of St. Joseph, Sister of the Sacred Heart and Sister St. Maxime, trustees, holding the offices of superior, treasui-er and secretary respectively. From the beginning of the convent the sisters have conducted the academy and have also attended the common schools of St. Mary's and St Joseph's Parishes. May 29, 1878, the college of the Ursulines was incorporated, the articles being signed by the following named sisters: Catherine Leahy, Louisa Brickner, Mary Hanley, Ella Johnson and Mary Bonuuth, trustees. This act granted to the faculty the power of conferring degrees and all the powers of a collegiate institution. The studies are divided into three classes, primary, preparatory and senior; the last named being a three years' course of elocution, composition, rhetoric, foreign history, botany, higher arithmetic, Boui'don's algebra, geometry, ancient history, literatui-e, philosophy, Bible histoi-y, trigonometiy, astronomy, chemistry, geology, logic, essays and public recitations. The Latin, French and German languages are optional branches. Classes in book-keeping are formed for such pupils of the higher grade as wish to make it a study. Besides these studies, music in its vai-ious branches, drawing, art painting (Lustra, China silk and velvet) in oil and water colors, are taught to great perfection; also waxwork, embroidery, fancy work, plain sewing, cooking, mending, dai-ning, knitting and all kinds of domestic accomplishments. The editor of the Fremont Messenger speaking of the college, says: "Not the least commendable featiu'e of this academy is the attention that is given to those gi-aceful accomplishments which throw a charm over domestic life and tend toward elevating society. Readings and lectm-es on etiquette are given weekly. Simplicity of manner and dress is encouraged, and economy enforced. Particular attention is paid to the necessary parts of the study of physiology and the laws of health. Perfect uniformity is observed in retu'ing, rising, study, proceeding to the different exercises. Difference in religion is no obstacle to the admission of pupils; those of all denominations are received and no influence is in any way exerted over the conscientious opinion of non-Catholics, but in the reception of pupils good reference is required. Special attention is given to yoimg ladies wishing to qualifjthemselves as teachers. A library of choice standard works is free of access to the pupils. ' '

The plans for the new convent building are made and the grounds piu'- chased. The grounds lie on the face of the terrace of the Sandusky, on the southwestern limits of the city, one of the most beautiful locations in all northern Ohio. The buildings are to be in keeping with the location and the high objects for which they are destined.

The schools of the Franciscan sisters are carried on in connection with the Citizens' Hospital and the Orphan Asylum, on the south side of the city. There are no less than 115 orphans cared for and educated in this true home of Christian charity. The Orphanage dates back to 1868, as told in its history; while the coming of the Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis dates to June 4, 1878. The number of the community is fifty-foiu'. Of them twenty-foui' sisters are principally occupied in the schools.

MisceUatieous Schools. - In the early days of Tiffin it was the rule to bring a few children together in one of the houses and impart to them thi> rndiinents of an education. In 1S82 this system gave jilace to the very comjuon school education, which was continued almost to 1850, when the board of education was established and the school took a first place among city institutions.

A music school was opened at Tiffin by J. A. Schickoll November 0, 1840. Since that year the teaching of music has become a part and parcel of a firstclass education, and the citizens leave nothing luidone to foster the music teachers' enterprise.

Tiffin Select Ladies School was opened by Mrs. L. JI. Lathi'op in February, 1844. This was the pioneer of the select schools of Tiffin. The system, however, has been overshadowed by the advantages which the city schools and denominational colleges offer.

The Seneca County Academy claimed seventy-five pupils in the winter of 1840, and may be classed as the beginning of "higher education"' in Seneca County. The history of this academy is given in that of Scipio Township.

The Gossman classes are presided over by George Gossman, A. M., whose experience of over twenty years in the study and teaching of English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Greek, Latin and Hebi'ew, fit him to preside over special classes.

The newspaper press of the city is well conducted and supported, and all literary and scholastic enterprises are fostered with a liberal hand.

Heidelberg College

The beginning of the establishment of this college at Tiffin dates back to November 4, 1850, when Benjamin S. Schneck, D. D. , president and professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy; J. H. Good, A. M., professor of Mathematics, and Reuben Good, A.M. .rector of the preparatory school, opened a collegiate session in three rented rooms of the building once known as Commercial Eow, with seven students present. The actual beginning antedates the beginning of the college. An address signed by W. P. Noble, H. Shaull and E. B. Bement asking the co-operation of the people in establishing a grammar school at Tiffin was issued September 13, 1850. William Lang, William H. Gibson, A. C. Baldwin, Wilson Yourtee, Barkdull Souder, - St. John, - Lee and others were among the originators of this movement. The history i)repared in 1884 by the college aiithorities, gives the following facts:

" Early in the j-ear 1850 a special meeting of the Synod of Ohio was held at Tarlton, Ohio, to pro\'ide for the establishment of a college for the Refonned ChiU'ch in the ^Vest. Projiosals from the citizens of Tarlton were accepted, and the name of Tarlton College given to the proposed new institution. At the r(>gular meeting of the synod in NavaiTe, Ohio, September '20, 1850, it was decided to chancre the location of the new college to Tiffin. Ohio, in view of inducements offered by the citizens of this city (a donation of !? 11,000). Here, in rooms rented in Commercial Row, the college was formally opened' November 18, 1850, with seven students in attendance. The number of students increased during the year so that the catalogiie for 1850-51 had an enrollment of 140 rames. The smallest uumljerin attendance in any year was 105. This was in 1800. The highest number was 2'27, in (he year 1808.

" The name Heidelberg was given because of its historic significance, when the synod in Navarre decided upon the location of the college at Tiffin. It was incoiporated by an act of the General Assembly of Ohio, Febniarj- 13, 1851, under the name of Heidelberg College. * * « * "pjjg

Good and Mrs. A. M. Lee. As President Gerliart and Prof. Rickley were engaged in other duties, the work of instraction at first mainly devolved upon Revs. E. and J. H. Good and jNIrs. Lee. The advocacy of the principle of co-education vras shown by the appointment of a lady principal at the foundation of the college. The theological seminary has been intimately connected with the college from the beginning. * * * » rpjjg literary societies of the college have been important factors in promoting intellectual growth and ability in debate and public speaking. The Excelsior Society was organized in 1851, and the Heidelberg Society in 1859. On the lists of honorary membership in these societies are the names of nearly 1,000 of the leading literary men of the day, and two-thirds of as many active members who have since proven their efficient training in filling varied important and responsible positions.

" The presidents of the college have been Rev. E. Y. Gerhart, 1850-55; Rev. Moses Kieffer, 1855-63; Rev. George W. Aughinbau.gh, 1863-64; Rev. George ^^'. Williard, from 1806 to the present time.

" Of the present faculty Profs. R. and J. H. Good have been in the institution since 1850; Dr. Rust since 1861; Dr. Williard, 1866; Prof. Hornung, 1868; Prof. Knepper, 1873; Dr. Zerbe, 1879, and Prof. Lowe, 1883. Miss Mary E. Andrews is teacher of vocal and instrumental music; Mrs. M. E. Calhoun, matron of the ladies' boarding hall. The resident trustees are Revs. G. W. Williard. D. D., L. H. Kefauver, D. D., J. H. Good, D. D., W. P. Noble. B. F. Myers, U. F. Cramer, Dr. G. P. ^\"illiard. and N. L. Brewer, trustee and treasurer. The old college building was built in 1852, the president's house in 1868, and the boarding hall in 1873."

The resident officers of the board of visitors of the theological seminary are Rev. R. Good, president; Rev. L. H, Kefauver, secretai-y and treasurer; Rev. H. H. W. Hibshman. The faculty comprises Rev. J. H. Good, D. D. , Professor of Dogmatic and Practical Theology; Rev, Herman Rust, D. D. , of Exegetic and Historical Theology; Prof. A. S. Zerbe, A. M. , librarian. The annual expense of a male student is stated at $150 to §170; of a female stiident about $200, it being understood that reasonable economy be exercised.

College Buildings. - In 1852 what is now known as the old college was opened, and is still in use, awaiting the eomf)letion of the new buildings. In October, 1880, the subject of erecting a house becoming the importance of the educational enterprise was mentioned by Dr. G. \V. Williard. In the winter of 1883-84 the college board asked Peters & Burns, of Dayton. Ohio, for plans, and in the summer of 1884 the contract was sold to Chamberlain <Si; King, of Tiffin, for $46, 558, who agreed to complete the building by June 15, 1886. September 24. 1884, the work on foundations was begun, and April 6, 1885, the first brick was laid, and sixteen days later the corner-stone was placed with appropriate ceremonies. On the small fi'ont of the corner-stone is cut "Heidelberg College, Founded 1850. Rebuilt 1885." On the other fi-ont is cut in two columns (one column at each end of the stone), the names of the class of 1883, and in the center of the stone is cut " Presented by the class of '83." The corner-stone is a block of the finest Italian marble, 12x16 inches, and two feet eight inches in length. The building will be large and commodious, and of architectural beauty.

Green Lairn Cemetery. - This silent " City of the Dead " was laid off in 1860, and in March of that year IVIrs. N. D. Brewer was interred there. The first sexton was Fred Bloom, who was succeeded bv Enoch Clouser, who was

STJCCoedecl by Aaron Cloiiser (who settled near the present cemetery in 1847), ten years ago. The Green Lawn Cemetery was piu'chased by a company of Tiffinites, who organized as an association January 25, 1874. with the following members: Warren P. Noble, John M. Naylor, R. W. Shawhan, Henry Ebbert, T. H. Bagby. H. A. Bnslrirk, R. G. Pennington, John D. Loomis, Liather A. Hall. John T. Huss. A. G. Sneath. John M. Kanll and John C.Lee, and reorganized J^bruary 20, 1874. R. W. Shawhan and John T. Huss wore president and secretary, respectively. The former holds his position still, while J. M. Naylor is the successor of Mr. Huss, with Mr. Hartzer assLstant secretarj'. The annual average of interments is seventy.

Cily Cemetery. - This dates its establishment back to the early days of the city. When the bodies were transfen-ed to Green Lawn, the greater number of graves were left untenanted here ; but enough remains to warrant the place being kept in good order. The soldiers of 1801-06. bui'ied here, are Frank Bernard. J. W. Emich, W. Fiy. G. Kestner. A. Raunk, Charles Seewald.

Rock Creek Ceiiu'tcry. another old home of the dead, contains its f|uota of old and new soldiers; John Frees, a soldier of the Revolution, is buried here; D. Lambertson, A\'illiam Mimy, Joseph Richards. Eli ThornVuu'gh. all soldiers of 1812; David Butler and Isaac Wolf, soldiers of 1848. and the following named soldiers of the Rebellion; David HeiTin, Homer Phillips. Charles Richardson. John D. Williams. Jefferson Wolf.

Fairmoiiiit Cemetery Association was organized at Tiffin, August 11, 1877, with the following members: D. C. Stonor. J. W. Martin, M. E. Kemii, John Sender. Jacob Zimmerman. Abe Zook, Joseph Loose, Fred Cram, Charles Gangmer. J. W. Cram. Joseph Huber. C. W. Doran and Henry Stoner.

tSf. Joseph's Catholic Cemetery was established in 18r)4. Dr. J. M. Lecher, who died of cholera, July 22, that year, was the first interment, and Elizabeth Harter, who died of this dreadful disease July^ll, 18r)4, was the second person buried. The soldiers interred here are named as follows: Jacob Bearly, J. Bessler, J, Gnau. D. Hasenbeler, J. Hasenbeler, M. Herby, Dr* Landcriod,

(The Everard Monument was erected in this cemetery inl885, by John B. Verment, of Massillon. The rock was taken from Bronhelm, Worthington' s quany, and the entire sculptiu'e work was completed in the cemeteiy. The height is twentj'-one and one-half feet, including the heavy Roman cross of the twelfth century. The whole monument is based on the style between the old Roman and Gothic. On the cross is a fine sculptm-ed figure, representing the crucifixion. The cost was about $800 or |1,000. The congregation paid for it.)

St. Mary's Old Catholic Cemetery is on the west bank of Rock Creek, in the rear of the UrsulLne Convent. Many of the pioneers are LnteiTed here, and also a number of soldiers of the late war. among whom are the two Coourads, M. Price and D. S. Redmond. St. Mary's New Cemetery is east of the city. One soldier, M. O'Connell, is interred there. The pioneers, who find a home in these cemeteries, are mentioned in the pages devoted to a notice of old settlers in the histories of the townships.

Hospital And Asylum

The Citizens' Hospital and Orphan Asylum Association. refeiTed to elsewhere, dates back to 1868, though it was only organized December 2, 1869, with the following members: Rev. Joseph Bihn, J. B. Greifeldinger, ^\"idow Elizabeth Schafer, Anna Maria Schafer, Kolmgunda Schmitt and her daughters and Mary Ann Schafer. The first thi'ee named were elected trustees. December 80, 1873, a second record of incorporation was made. June -1, 1878, the Sisters of St. Francis came to take charge of the asylum, and December 2, 1879. they incorporated with the venerable Sister Mary Frances, superior. The conception of this remarkable charity is credited to Rev. Joseph L. Bihn. who is the chief director of the asylum. Gradually he brought into existence a home for the fi'iendless orphan and aged, which in its extent and conduct compares with some of the largest State institutions, and in its results exceeds them. The number of inmates is placed at 205, who, under the direction of the superior, make the asylum self-supporting - cultivating the asylum farm, while the larger boys engage in teaching parochial schools or in taking care of the aged, of whom there are thirty-six. The buildings show a fi'ontage of 250 feet, 44 feet deep with commodious wings, containing 150 rooms. The church of St. Francis, the school rooms and the convent of St. Francis, with the asylum proper, foi-m one immense momiment to Chi-istian charity.

Masonic History. - Sandusky Lodge, No. 77, was organized October 19, 1842, Under charter, with the following named members: Rufus W. Reid. Charles F. Dresbach, Uriah P. Coom-ad. Joseph "\A'alker. Ely Dresbach. Robert Crum, Agreen Ingraham, Israel Bentley. Samuel Mitchell. John Baugher, Henry Kuhn, Evan Dorsoy, Thadeus AMlson and Vincent Bell. This lodge was organized under State law November 17. 1848, with R. Crum. R. V\'. Reid, H. Kuhn, R. AVilliams, trustees, and Heniy "W. Owen, clerk. The Worshipful Masters of this lodge have been: R. W. Reid. from organization to 1850; R. Crum, 1850; J. E. McCormack, 1858; Henry Kuhn. 1862; C. C. Park. 1864. The secretailes of the lodge have been Joseph Walker, 1842; F. W. Green, 1843; G. J. Keen. 1848; H. W. Owen, 1849; J. P. PiUars, 1850; T. C. Tunison, 1851; R. Williams, 1852; George E. Seney, 1853; James Pelan, 1854; J. G. Kennedy, 1855; George H. Heming. 1856; J. M.

Tiffin Lodge, No. 320, was chartered April 5, 1858, with the following named members: F. D. Benham, William Gallup, James Pelan, John G. Kennedy, E. B. Searles, Eobert Crum, H. C. Spindler, W. P. Noble, L. A. Hall,

E. A\'. Reeme, Leander Stem. Robert Cnuu was the first Worshipful Master and F. D. Benham the first secretary. J. G. Kennedy was elected secretaiy in 1.S5U and E. W. Reeme in 1800.' In 1801 D. F. De^^'olfe was elected W. M. , and L. Adams, secretary. A. F. Barnes was chosen secretary in 1862, and W. M. in 1864; Robert Lysle was secretary in 1804; C. Cronise was elected secretary in 1805, and G. F. Hertzer in 1800. In the latter year

Seneca Chapter, No. 42, R. A. M., was chartered February 7, 1849, with the following named members: John J. Steiner, R. Vi\ Reed, Alexander Smith, Joseph McCutcheon, Agreen Ingraham, Abner Root, Hem-y Kuhn, Robert Crum and Peter Van Nest. R. W. Reed was the first H. P. In 1850 the chapter was permanently organized with F. W. Green, H. P., and J. S. Barber, secretary.

Clinton Coimcil, No. 47, R. & S. M., was chartered April 9, 1807. The charter members were C. K. Watson, C. C. Park, G. K. Brown, Charles Martin, J. F. Marquardt, H. H. Byers, J. G. Gross, Jonathan Smith, Peter Van Nest. E. Dorsey and H. H. Souder. C. K. Watson and G. K. Brown were president and secretaiy, respectively.

De Molay Commandery, No. 9, K. T. , was organized at Repulslic, Seneca County, under charter, August 10, 1848. The original members were Josiah Eoop. John P. WorsteU, H. Benton, Piatt Benedict, Daniel Watersons, Daniel Brown, Hiram Hixmphrey, M. V. Bogart, Edward Winthrop and H. L. Hanls. The eminent commanders at Reimblic were Edward Winthi-op, 1848; Piatt Benedict, 1853; M. V. Bogart, 1858, and H. Bromley, 1805 to 1870. The recorders during this time were H. P. Benton, 1848; E. T. Stickney, 1850; J. S. Smith, 1855; H. Bromley, 1856, and D. M. Neikirk, 1808. By resolution of the commandery and with the consent of the General Commander, the headquarters of No. 9 were transfeiTed to Tiffin, H. Bromley and D. M. Neikirk holding their respective positions. In 1870 J. W. Chamberlin was elected to succeed H. Bromley, and in 1872 J. M. Stevens was elected tnce D. M. Neikirk. The officers elected in December, 1884, are named as follows: E. C, T. H. Bobbins; Generalissimo, F. K. Holderman; Captain Geril, Robert Lysle; Prelate. William Gallup; S. W., Charles Maiiin; J. W., George R. Huss; treasiuer, J. F. Marquardt; Rec, R. L. Knapp; St. B., H. W. Yeager; S. W. B. . Jacob Beigh; War., J. W. Schaufelberger; Sen., John Park.

Inilcpendent Order of Odd Felloics.- -Henecii Lodge, No. 35, was instituted February 20, 1845, under charter from the Grand Lodge granted to H. G. W. Cronise, R. R. McMeens, James Sivels, B. D. Chapman, Thomas H. Sheldon and James Oyler. At the evening meeting Richard WOliams and R. P. Ward were admitted on cards, and John E. McCormaek, Rolla Johnson, Nathaniel Redd and Warren P. Noble were admitted members. The lodge was incorporated September 28, 1846. The noble grands since 1844 are named as follows: T. H. Sheldon. B. D. Chapman, H. G. W. Cronise and Richard Williams, 1845; Rolla Johnson, John G. Breslin, George Knupp, 1846; F. Don Benham, Thomas H. Sheldon, 1847; JohnE. McCormaek, William Lang. 1848; Jacob M.

The secretaries of the lodge since 1844 are named as follows: H. G. W. Cronise. James Sivels. R. R. McMeens, John G. Breslin, George Knupp, F. D. Benham, J. M. Ebbert, Richard Williams, William Lang. William H. Gibson, L. M. Loomis, John Poorman, H. F. Dewey and John E. McCormack; these served \vp to the close of 1849. M. Wall, S. CuiTy, George Sprague, J. H. Pittinger, N. N. Spielman, N. Redd, George C. Small, J. H. Leidy. J. W. W^ilsou, E. G. Bowe, W. A. Hershiser, A. Brown, W. M. Patterson. Leonard Adams, J. H. Merchant, J. W. Bradley, John Horn, Philii? Spielman. Simon Snyder and John Young were secretaries fi'om 1850 to 1860. Samuel Sailor, H. J. Crouse, W. J. Merchant, A. R. Van Dorn, W. H. Webb. John H. Nighswander, James W. Love. G. S. Feighner, Levi Weirick, Ed Wenner, A. R. Van Dorn, J. S. Harrison, S. S. Hisinger, D. C. Tunison, Robert Nichols. H. F. Fiege, Ed Lepper, Harman Whiteman. W'. Mattison, H. J. Stolzenbach. Peter J. Gries and D. Bowersox served from beginning of 1860 to the close of 1870. JohnH. Ridgely, 1871; Ed Lepper, 1871-76; James W. Love, 1876 to July, 18 <9; S. C. Lamberson has served the lodge as secretary from July, 1879, to the present time. The number of members January 5, 1885, was seventy-six. The trustees are Samuel Strieker, Edwin Baker and Charles Schauss. John H. BennehofF is recording secretary-. No less than 321 members have belonged to the lodge since its organization, many of whom (referred to in Chapter lU) have gone to that better land where all good fellows go.

Oakley Lodge, No. 317, was organized Jvme 10, 1857, with the following named charter members: F. D. Benham, Erastus G. Bowe, Benjamin Pennington, John T. Huss, T. H. Bagby, T. W. Ourand, John Poorman and L. M. Loomis. The Past Grands are E. G. Bowe, S. Chamberlain, Cook Frank, John Ernest, B. Falkner, William Fleming, J. L. Fisher, S. W. Fast, G. F. Hutzer. O. Homer, T. Hall, J. W. Kintz. Aaron Kreader, B. Pennington, Bergert Zint and Daniel L. Lott, elected in January, 1885. Benjamin Pen- nington has served the lodge as secretary for twenty-seven years; T. \\'. Oiu-- and and E. G. Bowe, for one year each. The membership at the beginning of 188") was eighty-foui'.

Progress Ixidge, Daughters of Rebecca, No. 169, was organized October 6, 188."). with the following named officers: Noble Grand, "Mrs. Rachel Gilbert; Vice Grand, j\L's. Elizabeth Love; corresponding secretary, Mi's. Mary Emich; financial secretary. JIi's. Ella Reif; treasurer, Mrs. S. Fast; Warden, Mrs. H. Stoltzenbaugh; Conductor, Mrs. William Coup.

Kniglitfs of Pi/thias. - Tiffin Lodge, No. 80, was organized January 12, 1875. with seventy-eight charter members, of whom not more than forty-five now claim membership. The total membership at present is eighty-foiu\ The past chancellor commanders of this lodge are N. L. Steckel, J. W. Love, James Smith, J. A. Berger, W. S. Wineland, A. ]M. Hart, B. F. Kuder, John Ernest. R. Keilholtz. W. H. Andre. O. P. Snyder. A. Strauss, W. J. Graham. The keepers of seals and records have been W. H. Bm-khalter, Phil. Emich and John Ernest. This lodge held the first public installation ever given by the K. of P. at Tiffin, January 8, 1885. Both the ceremonial and the banquet which followed leave happy memories of the close of the first decade of Lodge No. 80.

Uniform Rank, No. 17. July 21, 1882. marked another red letter day for the K. of P. . of Tiffin, in the institution of the Uniform Rank of the order here with thirty-one charter members, called Tiffin Division No. 17, Uniform Rank, K. of P. The division was instituted by Su- Knight Walter B. Richie, of Lima. Grand Outer Guard of Ohio. Sir Knight Commander for the occasion, assisted by Sir Knight Shiunate, of Urbana. Grand Chancellor, of Ohio; and Sir Knights Brooks and Cunningham, of Lima, who put the Tiffin brethren thi'ough in true knightly style, after which the following officers were elected and installed: Commander, H. L. Steckel: Lieutenant Commander, Asa JI. Hart; Herald, James A. Burger; recorder. E. W. Stephenson; treasurer, W. F. Grammes; Sentinel, I. J. C. Shumaker; Guard, David Snyder. The Uniform Rank now takes a leading place in membership and influence among the older societies of the city.

James Smitli, W. H. Hall, C. C. Park, James A. Berger, J. "SV. Martin, Joha G. Gross, A. F. Cramer, John A. Hall, J. W. Chamberlin, J. M. Lingenfelter, Seudder Chamberlain, William Smoyer, B. G. Atkins, Charles D. Sprague. The Past Regents are Benjamin G. Atkins, Charles Martin, Seudder Chamberlain and F. Nicolai. The tirst secretary was J. W. Chamberlin and the present A. A. Cunningham. The number of members is forty-seven.