Washington County, Ohio - Chapter 27, 1902 (part 1 of 6)

Chapter 27

Women's Work in the War - Union Soldiers' Relief Association - Soldiers' Aid Society of Harmar - The Marietta Military Hospital - Short Sketches of the Military Organizations From the County - Battery C, First West Virginia Light Artillery - Battery H, First Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery Battery K, First Ohio Vounteer Light Artillery - Battery K, Second Ohio Heavy Artillery - Company L, First Ohio Volunteer Cavalry - Company H, Seventh Ohio Volunteer Cavalry - Company B, Ninth Ohio Volunteer Cavalry - Company F, Second Virginia Volunteer Cavalry - Company F, Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry - Companies A, F and G, Thirty-sixth Ohio Volunteers - Companies B and F, Thirty-ninth Ohio Volunteers - Sixty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry - Company F, Seventy-third Ohio Volunteers - Seventy-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry - Ninety-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry - The Silver Grays - The "Pony Section" - One Hundred and Fortyeighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry - Biographies of Officers of the War of the Rebellion.

W'hile recounting the deeds of Washington County soldiers, let us no.t forget the nohle part taken by the women of the county during that struggle, in ministering to the wants of the Union soldiers and in alleviating that world of suffering in the hospital and camp, and on the field of battle.

Their work was done quietly and without ostentation, and they modestly hoped that by helping the sick and wounded of the grand armies, to bear their burdens of pain and disease, they should be counted as having done something for the Union.

They had husbands, sons, brothers, fathers and other verv dear friends with Grant, Sherman or Sheridan, at the front. Not a day passed but their hearts were troubled for the' welfare of the loved ones. How anxiously did they look for the letters! If only a few lines were received, those few lines told the story that he was still among the living and battling for his country. How they tried the patience of the postmasters, especially after a great battle. "Are you sure there is no letter? Please look again," and then, perhaps, the mother, in her anxiety, before another mail, would send around the little boy to ask still again. Then there came too often, not the long-looked-for missive, but the telegram oi" hurried line from a comrade, stating that he was dead. Dead for his country, for liberty and union, in so much a great consolation, but how could even that console her who bent under tlie stroke? Ah the courage and fortitude was not displayed on the battle line. By thousands of hearthstones, here and there through ftie land, came occasions for great courage and great fortitude, especially when it was the bread-wfnner stricken down in his prime, leaving a young family, with none to provide.

AVho can tell to what extent the loyal nomes at the North influenced men in the field. The brave words sent, the noble sentiments penned by fair hands, all glowing with patriotism and love of country. All honor to the noble women of the great North.

On Monday, October 28, 1861, 75 ladies Marietta and Harmar met at the vestry of the Episcopal Church, pursuant to a call of the United States Sanitary Commission, and organized by electing Mrs. Mumford, president: Mrs. Stephen Newton, vice-president; land Mrs. W. L. Rolston, secretary; Mrs. James Dunn, Mrs. Pardon Cooke. Mrs. T. P. Harshberger. Miss M. Woodbridge, Mrs. AVilliam S. Ward. Mrs. M. P. Wells, Mrs. C. B. Hall, Miss Phebe Fuller, Mrs. C. Regnier, Mrs. O'Leary. Mrs. Paul Bradbeck, Mrs. McLeod and Mrs. S. R. Turner, receiving committee: Mrs. James Ball, Mrs. Judge Green, Mrs. William Pearce, Mrs. L. Hathaway. Mrs. Bonner, Mrs. Beman Gates. Mrsr I. W. Andrews. Mrs. D. R. Sniffen. Mrs. H. Hill, Mrs. Levi Barber, Mrs. Oscar Chapin, Mrs. E. R. Cadwallader, committee for preparatory work.

The society was called the Union Soldiers' Relief Association. Each member paid a small initiation fee with liberty to contribute as much more as possible. Application was made at once for material to make up into -quilts, socks, slippers, comforts, etc. Donations of canton-flannel, fruits, half-worn calico, etc.. were also received, which were speedily made up, boxed and ready to ship. Gallipolis Hospital was the first place supplied, there being many men from Washington County lying there sick and destitute. Two boxes were sent within a few days, one filled with bedding and clothing from Marietta ; the other w^ith wine, jellies and fruit from Harmar.

The society met at the lecture room of the Episcopal Church during all the war, varying the frequency of its meetings with the demand made upon them - usually meeting once a week.

We hr.ve had 31 regular meetings, and three extra ones. The attendance has ranged from 70 to 80, and the average about 25. and at no time has the interest flagged, for when few were here they worked the faster.

* * * We have met from week to week, and this gathering has been a source of pleasure as well as profit, and will long be remembered a bright day amid the dark horrors of this war. The merry peals of laughter have lightened many a heart that came here sad.

* * * When we learn through reports from the different hospitals of the West, how much the sufferings of our wounded soldiers have been alleviated by the Sanitary Commission, we are amply repaid, and must feel like continuing our labors unwearied.

Tlie German ladies of Marietta also formed a society, as did the ladies of Waterford, Barlow and Salem townships, and others of which we have no record.

In April, 1863, the Bci'crly Advertiser contained the following: "No accurate record of the contributions of the Waterford Township Soldiers' Aid Society for threefourths of its existence can be procured, but recently its records show items, viz: $175 cash, 143 shirts, 174 pairs socks, 68 blankets, 53 handkerchiefs, with canned fruits, lint, bandages, etc., in abundance."

In this connection it should be said that the first woman to subscribe to the Soldiers' Relief Fund in the county was Mrs. William R. Putnam. On December 15 and 16, 1863, a special effort was made by the society af Marietta to raise funds by a sanitary fair. Contributions were sent in from all the townships in the vicinity, in money, apples, quinces, potatoes, turnips, onions, cabbages, pumpkins, butter, cheese, eggs, chickens, honey, dried and canned fruits, flour, buckets, ornamental ami truit trees, blankets, socks, furniture, and many uther things - "almost everything that could be turned into mone}-, or sent to the soldiers." From Uniun and Muskingum townships, large lots of fruits, vegetables and trees were received. From Rainbow, $50 in cash - Lowell, $86 in cash and a large contribution in socks and canned fruits. Belpre, Warren, Barlow, Fearing, Salem, and Newport, all gave large contributions. A dinner was donated by the citizens of ^Marietta, which added largely to the receipts, the net amount cleared being $1,951.75.

In Belpre the Ladies Lmion Circle on February 22, 1864, held a festival "for the aid of soldiers in the field," and cleared $370, and so in all parts of the county the generous-hearted women devoted themselves to the work.

At Bonn, in Salem township, they formed a l^ranch - No. 420 - of what was called the "L'nion League of Loyal Women of America," an organization which originated in Illinois, having the same purpose as similar socities. This was begun in the fall of 1864 and continued during the balance of the war. It had between sixty and seventy members, and notwithstanding- the lateness of the start they forwarded a number of invoices of sanitary supplies to the Cincinnati branch of the United States Sanitary Commission, amuunting in all to about $100. The fund remaining at the close of the war, amounted, August 2, 1865, to $17.20, which was donatetl tu the Washington County Soldiers' Monument Association.

Among the many woiiien of Washington. County deserving of special mention, we can only notice one whose talents and industry gavei her special prominence - Mrs. Francis Dana Gage, "Aunt Fanny Gage." She accjuired a national reputation by her devotion to the cause of the freedmen and her untiring energy in working for the Sanitary Commission : "Through all the inclement winter weather (1863-O4), through Pennsylvania, New York, Ohio, Illinois, and Missouri, shepursued her labors of love, never omitting an evening, when she could get an audience to address, speaking- for soldiers' aid societies, and giving proceeds to those who worked only for the soldiers, - then for freedmen's associations. She worked without fee or reward, asking only of those who were willing, to give enough to defray her expenses - for herself - thankful if she received, cheerful if she did not." Mrs. Gage was the daughter of Joseph Barker, late of this county, and Elizabeth Dana, a descendant of Mary Bancroft, thus being allied on the maternal side to the wellknown Massachusetts families of Dana and Bancroft. She has also acquired a reputation in literature from the beauty and pathos of her numerous poems.

On December 2, 1865, Mrs. Rolston made her final report, showing the work of the Marietta Soldiers' Relief Association from October, 1 86 1, to June, 1865, when the meetings^ ceased, as follows :

During the three and a half years over two thou^ sand garments were made. Articles made: One thousand forty shirts, three hundred and seventy-five^ pairs of drawers, sixty comforters, one hundred and sixteen sheets, two hundred and sixteen pillow-cases, fiftynine pillows, two hundred and three towels, thirtyone pairs of slippers, two hundred and seventy-one pairs of socks, thirty-four pairs of mittens, twelve pairs.

suspenders, three hundred and thirty-four pocket-handkerchiefs, twenty-one dressing-gowns; in all, two thousand eight hundred and thirty, besides many other articles for hospital use.

There have been bought four thousand three hundred and thiry yards of cotton and flannel, besides much donated. Goods were sent, once a month, or oftener. where most needed, generally to the Cincinnati branch of the United States Sanitary Commiss;on : but the hospitals here (at Marietta^, and those at Parkersburg, Charleston and Cairo, and sometimes regiments in the field have been supplied.

Boxes sent : Sixty-five - containing shirts, sheets, drawers, socks, mittens, blankets, towels, etc., to the number of three thousand five hundred and fortv-three, besides slings, wound-suppcrters, eye-shades, pin-cushions, compresses, bandages, lint, etc., too numerous to mention.

In February, 1863, the hospital at Marietta having been abandoned, the military committee gave the goods remaining there to the association.

More than six hundred cans and jars of fruit, at least forty gallons of pickles, several barr sauerkraut, rnore than twenty bushels of dried fruit, with various articles of hospital aid have been sent.

The association has never asked in vain for anything that could be of service to the soldier, nor have the citizens ever failed to respond to the call for money. The association has not been for one day out of funds. Voluntary contributions of ninety-tthree dollars and fifty cents have been received from different sources. The military committee gave, at different times, fortyfive dollars : four public entertainments realized one thousand six hundred and seventy-six dollars and sixtyseven cents ; a fee of five cents per month from members raised fifty-two dollars and ninety cents ; with one hundred and fifteen dollars and fifty-eight cents interest on the money deposited, gives the total receipts one thousand nine hundred and eighty-three dollars and sixty-five cents.

The expenditures have been chiefly for materials for work, with incidentals, such as fuel, boxes, although most of these have been donated. About fifty dollarsi have been given in small sums to soldiers and their families.

This balance, by vote of the association, was given as follows: Two hundred dollars to the Washington County Soldiers' Monument Association ; and five hundred and nine dollars and fifty cents to the Mariettr. Charitable Association.

The officers of the ^Marietta and Harmar societ\- were as follows: 1861 - Mrs. T. F. Mumford, president; Mrs. Stephen Newton, vice-president; Mrs. W. L. Rolston, secretary and treasurer. Work committee: Mrs. James Booth, Mrs. Beman Gates, Mrs. Davis Green, Mrs. Luther Hathaway, Mr. I. W. Andrews, Mrs. Bonner, Mrs. D. R. Sniffen, Mrs. Levi Barber, Mrs. Oscar Chapin, Mrs. E. R. Cadwallader.

1864 and 1865 - Mrs. William A. Whittlesey, president ; Mrs. B. W. Lpvell, vicepresident; Mrs. W. L. Rolston, secretary and treasurer. Work committee: Miss McFarland, Miss Hobby and Mrs. R. E. Harte.

Lnmediately following- the departure of our volunteers from Marietta, Harmar and the adjoining towns, in response to President Lincoln's call for troops in 186 1, to suppress the great Rebellion. - the loyal women, all aglow with the patriotism which had inspired the hearts of those who had so recently left - anxiously inquired in what way they, too, could serve their country.

The weeks preceding had been eventful and stirring times in the history of our quiet town, for the call for troops had met with a hearty and ready response. Students from the college, mechanics from factories and workshops, clerks from offices and stores, and young men from country homes had volun- teered their services - companies liad been formed and drilled in military tactics, - while over dwellings and stores the stars and stripes waved, and the streets resounded with the notes of warlike preparation.

At length marching orders were received, and the volunteers had left, and then to the mothers, wives and children of these - some of whom were sick and destitute, the attention and sympathy of the patriotic women was directed. Subscriptions had already been received from many of the citizens, to meet the present necessities of such as needed help, and as far as possible, generous assistance had been proffered.

Then, followed letters from our volunteers in camp, or on the march, some of whom, unaccustomed tO' exposure, were sick, and requiring home comforts or articles of clothing. These supplies were immediately sent from private sources until, as the wants became greater, committees were i'ppoiiited, who went from house to house soliciting donations.

Meanwhile, our troops hacl moved southward, rumors of anticipated battles were reported, and as the necessity of hospital sup- - plies became apparent, meetings were held for consultation to meet the approaching en.ergency.

The various benevolent and church organizations were merged into soldiers' aid societies, and articles for the comfort of the sick and wounded were in constant preparation. The following ladies were prominently connected with the Harmar Aid Society, and until the close of the war closely identified with its interests: Mrs. Levi Barber, president: Mrs. Harlow Chapin, Mrs. Douglas Putnam, Mrs. David Putnam, Mrs. Henry Fearing. Mrs. Oscar Chapin, Mrs. Dr. Frank Hart, Mrs. L. Wheeler, Mrs. Dr. L. Hart, Mrs. S. Stratton, Mrs. W. Crawford, Mrs. Barber, Mrs. Rev. Wakefield, Mrs. Newton, Mrs. Fuller, and Mrs. L. Reppert.

To this committee a corps of young ladies was added, as follows : Miss Julia Barber, Miss V. Reppert, Miss Martha Putnam, Miss T. Wheeler, Miss E. Stratton. Miss E. Barber,

Miss M. F. Newton, Miss Mary Hart. Miss A. Reppert. Through the newspapers, from the pulpit, and in every available way, urgent appeals, were made for assistance, and from individuals and churches liberal donations were sent. From country societies and from sources unknown to us, supplies of delicacies, jellies, canned and dried fruits were added, which to the stores of clothing in readiness were carefully packed and consigned to surgeons in various regimental hospitals, who by letter had specified previously the articles most needed. From month to month this work went on, \aried only by sad tidings of battles fought and the intelligence of many of our brave soldiers wounded or sick in hospitals, requiring special supplies, when boxes of bandages, lint, and the various appliances for hospital use were hastily prepared and dispatched. No oiificial record has been preserved of shipments made to Western Virginia, Louisville, Pittsburg Landing, Murfreesborough and other points, which were forwarded in request of surgeons and officers in Ohio regiments, with whom our Society was in direct communication.

While sending supplies to distant hospitals, the ladies of the Aid Society and others were not unmindful of the present wants and needs of the Union soldiers- at our doors, to wdiom a helping hand could be extended. There were regiments encamped temporarily within the precincts of our own town - some awaiting transportation to the front or for regimental supplies, which had been detained or interrupted on the route thither, in consequence of which the soldiers were exhausted from want of proper food. Tlie presence of these troops would stimulate anew the patriotism of the citizens, wdiose generosity was unbounded; and everything which could be provided for their comfort was most freely bestowed.

In these kindly offices of hospitality, of which also no record has' been preserved, the capacity of the dwellings and the resources of the larder were often tested to their utmost limit : our doors w^ere thrown wide open, and all who could be accommodated were most cordially i^^-ited to enter and served with impromptu meals, calling forth, as our guests departed, their warmest thanks, and leaving us with the cheering thought that we had "done what we could."

Tlliere were also unwritten kindnesses which could be rendered our Union soldiers on these occasions - sometimes in writing letters at their dictation, to wives, mothers, and sisters, far distant, bearing messages of comfort and cheer; to others some forgotten or lost article could be supplied, or some needed repair of clothing made, while to all words of encouragement and kindness could be spoken, which were always gratefully appreciated. To those regiments, also, who were in transit to distant points, and who for long, weary hours were detained in railroad cars near the town, awaiting orders to move on - to these we could render service. On many a cold and chilly morning the intelligence would come that these soldiers, too, were within reach of sympathy and help; and as speedily as possible messengers would be dispatched with plentiful supplies of hot coffee and sandwiches, distributed amid the cheers of the soldiers, to whom this unexpected repast was a welcome surprise. ^ Each dav brought special demands upon the time and attention of our Aid Society, either in supplying the wants of our troops passing through the town, or in preparing boxes of sanitary stores for points already designated.

There were also the families of our volunteers who needed assistance. Lil>eral subscriptions had been repeatedly made for this purpose, by the citizens, and also for the purchase of hospital supplies. Numerous collections had been taken in the churches for the same object; and as the larger citieis and towns had raised sums of money by means of sanitary fairs and entertainments, it was proposed that a fair be held in Marietta, in which the ladies of Harmar be invited to unite. This plan met with hearty approval, and a committee was appointed, consisting of Mrs. Levi Barber and Mrs. John Poole, to make necessary arrangements. Subsequently other committees were added, to obtain articles of beauty and utility to be placed on sale, and for refreshments, etc., who canvassed the town thoroughly. After weeks of preparation the fair was opened, with an admiring throng of visitors in attendance, and its sucess was assured. The receipts were unexpectedly large, many pleasant accjuaintances formed, harmonious feelings prevailed, and results were in every respect satisfactory. The receipts, of which the ladies of Harmar received a fair proportion, were e.xpended for the relief of soldiers' families, and paid in weekly installments, after a careful investigation of the circumstances of each family had been made. The fund, amounting to several hundred dollars, was ju- ! diciously and systematically disbursed, bring- I ing much comfort to the recipients and gratij fication to all those wdio by personal effort or influence had secured these results.

In all these beneficent efforts, extending through the war, and never ceasing until the conflict was over, the Aid Society was indebted to many of the citizens of Harmar for invaluable assistance, rendered in the prosecution of their work, at home and abroad, for which services, we record in behalf of the society, our appreciation and thanks.

The foregoing pages comprise but a fragmentary and imperfect report of the work accomplished by the Soldiers' Aid Society of Harmar; but are submitted in the hope that they may be of some interest to the home workers, who were thus privileged to minister to some of the Union soldiers, without expectation of either mention or reward but grateful then and now for the opportunity of expressing, in the slightest degree, their gratitude to those brave men who were w'illing to sacrifice their lives in the service of our country.

The foreg-oing is a brief record of the part taken bv the workmen of Washington County during the great war for the preservation of the Union. It does not fully record their work. Xo histoiian will attempt to do it; for who could ever hope to adequately describe the burden of heart, the Ixu-den of \\-ork, and the burden O'f patriotism bt)rne by the devoted

And Representative Citizens The Marietta Military Hospital

About ]\Iay 26, 1861, a hospital was opened for the soldiers then in Camp Putnam. It was located on the upper or eastern side of Second street, a short distance from the camp, and was conducted and supported by the ladies of Marietta and Washington County, assisted by the otificers in command at the camp. Drs. Fiank Hart, Samuel Hart and George O. Hildreth were in attendance when their services weie needed, and always without pay. No records of this hospital have been preserved, but it was used more or less all through the war.

Commissioned Officers

Captain Frank Buell. mustered March 30. 1862. died from the effects of wounds at battle of Freeman's Ford, August 23, 1862: Captain Wallace Hill, mustered August I, 1862. promoted to captain .\ugust i. 1862; First Lieutenant Dennis O'Learv. mustered March 30, 1862; First Lieutenant John G. Theis. mustered August I. 1862, promoted to junior first lieutenant; Second Lieutenant Theodore G. Field, mustered December 23, 1863, promoted to first sergeant August i. 1862. to second lieutenant December 2.^. 1863. vice Langley. resigned: Second Lieutenant John W. Jacobs, mu>itered December 29, 1863. promoted from corporal, vice Miner, resigned. December 2g. 1863.

Non-Com

First Sergeant William H. Goldsmith, mustered March 31. 18(14. \ eteran ; Quartermaster Sergeant Thomas Phelp^, mu>iered March 31. 1864, veteran: Sergeant Owen OW'eil, mustered March 31, i86<. vetcrp" ; Sergeant .\lexander H, Bukey. mustered March 31. 1864. veteran: Sergeant L. R. Miraben. mustered March 31, 1864, veteran; Sergeant David Dow, mustered March 31, 1864, veteran : Sergeant .Adam B. Rook, mustered Febfuary 24, 1864. veteran ; Corporal Turrell Cusack, mustered March 31. 1864. veteran; Corporal Jnhn Meighan, mustered March 31, 1864, veteran; Corporal William F, Minster, mustered ^Larch 31. 1864. veteran; Corporal Charles Clogson. mustered March 31, 1864. veteran, promoted January i, 1864; Corporal William H. Ranger, mustered March 31. 1864. veteran; Corporal Milton H. Laughlin, mustered March 31, 1864, veteran; Corporal John Lehnhard, mustered September 2. 1862, promoted to corporal September i, 1862; Corporal George W. Stanley, mustered March 31, 1864, veteran; Corporal Jeremiah H. Dooley, mustered March 31, 1864, veteran ; Corporal John H. Miner, mustered March 31, 1864, veteran; Corporal James Wright,, mustered March 31, 1864, veteran, wounded at Bull Run, August 30, 1862 ; Corporal Frank R. Benan. mustered March 31, 1864, veteran; Corporal William Jenvey, mustered March 30, 1862. *

When President Linculn matle his first call for troops to serve three months, a company of infantry, under command of Capt. Frank Buell, left Marietta in April, 1861, and as heretofore noticed, became Company B, Eighteenth Ohio volunteer militia. The other officers were 'Dennis 0"Leary, first lieutenant;. William Bisbee, second lieutenant, who was afterward elected major of the regiment, and. Wallace Hill elected to fill the vacancy.

The company served iu West Virginia under General Hill, and was most of the time guarding railroads. There was no engagement with the enemy and it was mustered out in August, 1 86 1. This company re-enlisted almost entire, as a battery of light artillery,, the re-enlistment dating from September i, 1861. Owing to a misunderstanding among those in authority in Ohio, the service of thebattery was offered to Governor Pierpont, of.' West Virginia, and accepted, and was named by the captain in the Governor's honor.

The battery left Marietta for Wheeling, West Virginia, in October, 1861. The officers : Frank Buell. captain ; Dennis O'Leary, junior first lieutenant; Wallace Hill, senior first lieutenant; John P. Theis, junior second, lieutenant ; William \\'. Witherow, second lieutenant.

The battery remained in Wheeling until' ( rdered to Poant Pleasant, West X'irginia, for ! ecriiiting purposes, and from, there tO' Charleston, West Virginia, where it remained until early in the spring of 1862, when it was ordered back to Wheeling and was mustered into the service of the L'nited States, March 30, 1862. Here the injustice was done the

These seven months had not been idly spent. Ahhough not fully mounted, the battery had thorough and continued drill and practice in firing, with study of the tactics, so that when at this time they were fully equipped they were by no means raw recruits.

The battery was supplied with six lojjounder Parrott guns. After the effective work done with these guns at Cross Keys, Bull Run, Gettysburg, and elsewhere, it would be hard to convince any member of this battery that it was not the most accurate shooting gun in the service.

General Fremont having taken command of the mountain department, the battery served under him during his campaign in West Virginia in the summer of 1862.

Leaving Wheeling in May for New Creek, West Virginia, they immediately proceeded to reinforce Milroy and Schenck, who were hard pressed by "Stonewall" Jackson on the upper south branch of the Potomac. Here they -were assigned to Stahl's brigade, of Blencker's division. Arriving at Franklin, in Pendleton County, they found Generals Schenck and Milroy had fought Jackson at Bull Pasture Mountain, but had been compelled to fall back to Franklin.

In the meantime Jackson, instead of remaining in front, as it was supposed he would, had gone over the mountains into the Shenandoah Valley, and had driven General Banks out. In order to intercept Jackson, Fremont fell back from Franklin to Moorefield and crossed the mountains into the Shenandoah Valley and struck Jackson's army on his retreat at Strasburg. Jackson sent out a force and held Fremont in check near Strasburg, where he had quite a skirmish, while his army passed up the valley. The next day Fremont started in pursuit, and the battery was assigned to the cavalry advance, and the Eighth West Virginia Infantry and the Sixtieth Ohio Infantry under Colonel Cluseret - the infantry was called the Cluseret light brigade. This

Tom Brook

At Tom Brook, some few miles above Strasburg, the battery came up with the enemy's rear and forced him to give battle. Here, for the first time, the battery met the foe, June 2, 1862, Unfortunately two of the guns were temporarily disabled by losing the wheels while galloping into action, caused by the linch-pins bouncing out. This defect was afterward remedied throughout the army by using a pin with a clamp. The right and left sections, however, went into position under fire, which proved to be inaccurate, and when the center section came up the chief of artillery, Colonel Pilsen, moved it tO' a position to the right and front some 300 yards. The ground being very uneven, the progress was slow, which was trying to new troops going into their first engagement under fire, but every man stood to his post like a veteran, and all of them were complimented by the chief of artillery for coolness and accuracy of firing, which, all things considered, was admirable. The enemy was compelled to retreat.

The next day, at Woodstock, they met the enemy, and the next at Mount Jackson, where "Stonewall" Jackson, to delay the Union pursuit, burned the bridge over the Shenandoah. The river was very high and swift, which rendered fording impossible, and the current was too strong to admit of laying pontoons. They were compelled to wait till the water receded. The next morning was rather hazy. They were aroused very early by the "long roll" and the cavalry and artillery buglers calling to "boots and staddles." Orders were given to hitch up as quickly as possible, as the enemy had flanked us on the left. The river, some distance below the bridge, makes an abrupt turn, and the sentries had discovered, through the fog, as they thought, a six-gun battery, which would enfilade their position and would open on them as soon as the fog lifted. During the bustle and confusion of a chans:e of front the fog cleared away and disclosed six beautiful piles of rails, at about the usual interval of a battery of field guns in position. After great delay in laying the pontoon bridge, which was a clumsy affair, the battery again started in pursuit, this time bringing the enemy to bay a short distance above Harrisonburg, where he had left the main turnpike and started on a cross-road to the left, where he was vigorously attacked by the light brigade and the Pennsylvania "Buck Tails." The deadly aim of the latter punished the Rebels severely. Among their slain was the notorious General Ashby, Jackson's chief of cavalry. General Fremont, not wishing to bring on a general engagement, the enemy were not pushed, but were allowed to retire unmolested.

Cross Keys

The following morning the army of General Fremont moved out and found the enemy in position at Cross Keys, eight miles from Harrisonburg, and about nine from Port Republic. Stahl's brigade, including the battery, held the left, Milroy the right, and Cluseret the center. The battle had continued about four hours when Jackson massed on the left and swept Stahl's infantry from the field, driving all of the line to the left ;of the battery back to the rear, and leaving the battery in a very exposed position. Captain Buell iiesitated to leave the field, and did not attempt to retire until the general in person ordered him to do so, as they were about to be surrounded and cut ofif. Finally the order was given to "limber to the rear." In doing so, they were compelled to pass to the left ai}d rear through a wood, 'on the other side of which were the victorious "Johnnies," coming up to capture a lone, unsupported battery, as they doubtless imagined, but they were badly mistaken, for there was the "Buck Tail" battalion, who deployed among the trees between the battery and the Rebels, who, as soon as they saw the deer tails on their caps, fell back and allowed the battery to retire unmolested. Captain Buell, not wishing to desert his friends who had so bravely defended him, unlimbered the left section in the woods, determined to stand by the "Buck Tails." Although in a military sense this movement would have been considered highly imprudent, yet it showed the indomitable courage of the man. On coming out of these woods the balance of the brigade, mistaking our battery for the enemy, opened fire doing perhaps better firing than they ever did before, killing one of the battery horses. It was by force that a demoralized infantry color-bearer was induced to advance with his colors, when the firing was stopped. This ended the battle. Stahl's brigade lost about 500, while the troops to the right suffered but little loss and held their position.

The next morning the army was to move to the attack at 5 A. iM., the battery in columns of sections, the infantry in columns of divisions, with a strong skirmish line in front ready to deploy instantly into line of battle. The signal to move was to be two cannon shots in succession. For some reason this signal was not given until 9 A. M., or later, when we could distinctly hear fighting at Port Republic, where Carroll, with his brigade, was holding the bridge against Jackson's whole army. They moved on to Port Republic, arriving in time to see the rear of the Rebel Army passing over the Blue Ridge Mountams miles away.

The battery then fell back to Harrisonburg, thence to Moorefield, thence crossed over the Blue Ridge, at Thornton's Gap, and joined Pope's army at Sperryville.

BATTLE OF FREEM.\n's FORD. One evening at dark an orderly dashed up with orders to fall back to Culpeper without delay : then came one of the most trying campaigns we ever experienced. We marched eleven days and nights, and never took the harness off our backs, and the only time we could get to cook would be when our advance W'Ould encounter the enemy, causing a check.

or when we were guarding some ford while the infantry were passing. It was a terrible experience. At length the enemy were discovered strongly posted at Freeman's Ford.

Johnson's. De Beck's, Dickman's, and a portion of Weidrick's batteries had tried in vain to dislodge them, when we were ordered up with our long range Parrotts. This was August 22. 1866. I shall never forget the last order Captain Buell ever gave me. I was then his color-bearer. As soon as he received orders to go into position he turned with sparkling eye to me and exclaimed :

I unfurled my colors and rode by his side up the hill. The Rebels having engaged so many of our batteries on that hill had the exact range, and every shtll came thundering in our midst, cutting up the ground terribly. The Rebels picked out cv.ry conspicuous mark; my brigade Hag (a pre-eiit f:om the Marietta ladies) soon drew their fire, whju Lieutenant Hill ordered me to draw off to the left, as it formed loo .good a target. Th; battle waged warmer and warmer; our boys having got the range were soon enabled to send as good as we received; this was perceived from the increasing wildiiess in the Rebel fire.

Cantain Buell. mounted on "Billy." a kght dun horse, formed a fair and easy mark, passing continually ?bng the line, directing here, encouraging and applauding there; he appeared omnipresent. His daring reckles-^ness soon drew the atte'.ition of officers on him. General Milroy, renowned for gallantry, turning to his staff, remarked: "G-ntleraen. if you desire to see a brave man, look there " But all anticipations of our gallant captain's future were soon to be cut off. A shell, as fatally aimed as the bullet which laid our martyred President on a bloody bier, and set a nation in mourning, struck his horse in the shoulder, and, passing through, broke h's left kg. So suddenly did the horse fall that the captain, unable to extricate h'm?elf. was thrown violently forward as the horse fell backward, iniuring the cap ain internally. As he fell four boys sprang to his side and carried hiin from the field. I was watching him as he fell. It appeared as if the grave had suddenly yawn;d wide and taken father, mother, brothers, si'ters, fr-ends, all. so blank did life appear to us, and I have heard many of our bravest and truest say that they were not ashamed to confess that they cried like children. But our misfortune never for a moment interfered wth the battle; if anything, all appeared to enter still more heartilly into it. influenced, as they were, by a de=ire for revenge. Gun after gun was di=charged wi;h fearful rapidity. The iiitn worked with a will that prom- \^tA soon to turn \r-':<r\\ iinccrt:iin scale in our favor. Each and all :i|ii.r.M-,.l >',!,\;.,"- t,, ,-,i] ,].,. than sei-kinst a terrible retnlnuii n .V.ir wci'l' mir end avors futile. Soon we beheld a \\a\i,ring and wikhics> in their fire; soon one by one their guns ceased, until all became silent, and we saw them drawing from the field. Corporal \. H. Bukey, fortunately having his gun loaded, took deliberate aim as the last gun was leaving and fired. I saw horses rear, cannoneers scattered in a manner not laid down in artillery tactics, so I should judge the piece was dismounted. The battle was oyer.

Orders came August 1862, for tlie battery to leave its position at Freeman's Ford and take up the line of march with their corps. They had not gone far when they encountered the enemy at Sulphur Springs, where they gained an easy victory, after an hour's vigorous shelling, driving them from their position, and enabling the corps to resume its march in peace.

Tire next day, the 24th, they met the enemy at Waterloo bridge, and held the bridge until the army had all passed, when they witnessed its destruction by the Union troops, and again sped on. The march now became a race between the Union forces and the Rebels, on parallel lines, the objective point being Bull Run. During the still marches of midnight they could distinctly hear the rumbling of Jackson's artillery, and by day they would occasionally catch the gleam of lines of bright muskets in the sunlight.

Second Bull Run

Bull Run was at length reached on the eveningof the 28th of August, 1862. Milroy's brigade deploying, encountered their skirmishers, drove thf-m. and pushed back a portion of their lines, and enabled our while line to take position that night. All slept on their arms and tried to snatch a few moments' sleep to enable them to do well their parts on the coming morrow.

The next day's s"n found us all bustle and activity. Aids-de-camp on jaded horses were dash'ng and tearing here and there, receiving and delivering orders. Brigade commanders were busy arranging and disarranging their lines. Division commanders, older and wiser, were cooly witnessing the nrepiratory maneuvers, and concentrating all their energies for the desired time.

Suddenly Milroy, advancing, sought the fee. and full' soon d'd he find them, for with bis characteristic recklessness he advanced too far and encountered a full Rebel division. Not a whit intimidated, he deployed his lines and opened with a murderous fire, but numbers soon told on him. Rapidly his lines thinned, and he stood in imminent danger of being cut off; but, collecting all his energies, he charged, extricated bimself, and rejoined our line.

battery, being in position near the Washington pike, was keeping clear all before it. Maneuvers and counter-maneuvers took place, yet neither side gained any -advantage. After noon. Hooker and Kearney coming up and taking position with us. we gained visible suc- ; gradually we gained ground, though every step was hotly contested. Night closed on the combatants, leaving the Union forces in possession of fully a mile of conquered ground.

The "sun of Austerlitz" scarcely dawned with prospects of a more sanguinary conflict than did the sun of the 30th. McDowell had abandoned Thoroughfare Gap. Lee had largely reinforced Jackson, and we had been reinforced by several divisions of McClellan"s Peninsular army.

Our battery was scattered on three parts of the field. The right, under Lieutenant Witherow. was ordered to report to General McLean, of Schenck's division. The center section, disabled by the heavy and incessant firing of the previous day. was nevertheless kept close at hand ready for any emergency, while the left, under Lieutenant Hill, together with three brass guns, placed under his command, advanced up the Washington pike, and poking their noses fair in the midst of the Johnnies, soon created havoc and 'dismay in the Rebel ranks. The first day's fight taxed our energies greatly, but the exertions of the second were two-fold greater. The rebels .outnumbered us greatly and punished us terribly. The part of the field on which our right section was in position, was a scene of terrible carnage: the Rebels opening with 'artillery strove in vain to dislodge us, the infantry was then called into requisition. Advancing in perfect 'order they attempted to take the place by assault. a terrible discharge of cannister met them and forced Jhem back. Several t-mes d'd they rally and advance, but as often were they repulsed. At last, largelv reinforced, they took advantage of a piece of woods to our left and flanked us from that direction. Turning our guns on them we poured storms of cannis'er into their faces, cutting swaths through their massive ranks. _Pie'rcing their column appeared like piercing a rubber ball, the hole was scarcely made before it closed. Notwithstanding the dreadful havoc, on they came, and still on until they nearly grasped our guns. Our cannister had all been expended. Bukey. intent on fighting to .the last, inserted a shell minus either fuse or 'cap in his gun and sent it as a solid shot right through their ranks. McLean's brigade, not unlike the British Home Giiards at Waterloo, sprang from their cover, and as we limbered to the rear to fall back they closed in on our rear and opened such a storm of musketry that mortal men could not withstand it. Th" Rebel 'charge was thus checked, and we were allowed to draw off in peace. Lieutenant Witherow, on mounting his horse was badly wounded, eventuallv causing his distharge. Thomas Driscoll in the hurry forgot his sponge bucket, and on going back after it got several holes through his blouse, but fortunately none hit the brave fellow. Several, horses were shot.

In the meantime Lieutenant Hill and the left Section had been hard pressed. Being in position in the center of the pike, he presented a fair target to the whole of the Rebel artillery, and well did they improve their opportunity, for shot and shell and the more deadly shrapnell fell on all sides with one continuous roar and hiss, and added to this the whistling of the musket balls and the discharge of our own guns, it created confusion enough to try the bravest hearts. During the whole engagement Sigel remained in our midst, his uniform and splendid staff drawing the fire of the Rebel sharpshooters on us quite briskly. After a while Hooker established himself with us. and also for a while Reno and Kearney. These generals centering in us caused the tide of war to roll all around us. Assaults would be made in front, then the task would be comparatively easy, but when the flanking charges came then came danger. Sergeant Wes. Miner, having possessed himself of a musket, had busied himself during the whole engagement p eking off sharpshooters. One in particular we saw roll in the dust from his unerring aim.

To the right and left of us the day was going badly. Fitz John Porter, lying within hearing of our guns and knowing of the fearful slaughter, refused to support us. Our overtasked and outnumbered boys were gradually obliged to give way. still we in tha center held our own until the rebels concentrating their infantry and a portion of their artillery, opened on us most terribly; for a while it seemed as if nothing could stay there and live. At last a shell, surcharged with destruction', tame huritling along and striking Sergeant Goldsmith's gun on the right s'de. glancing, struck the elevating screw and bursting severely wounded Corporal James Wright and John Eaton ; the former in seven places, the most of them severe, the latter in four places and mortally. For a time all appeared confounded, so close did the shell come to all. and so severe was the concussion. The shell passed over Summer Ellis' shoulder, for a time stunning him. Soon -the confusion died away, and they found the extent of the injuries. To stay longer was madness, for certain death awaited them ; so limbering up and carefully supporting their wounded comrades they coolly and slowly made way for the rear.

All had now become lost : "rout, niin and panic scattered all." The baggage wagons, having been foolishly brought up to the very front, commenced a base and confused retreat ; but one road led to the rear, and to this road all fled. Artillery. ba?gige wagons, ambulances and vehicles, of almost evcy .'ort were locked in utter and inextricable confusion, unable to move themselves, and preventing egre-s to th^se who were retreating in good order. In vain did officers ride to the rear and entreat, and curse and sh(^ot. and cut. and do all that mortal man could do to stop the rout. No; fear had seized all. and all sought to save themselves. Our battery, by strange tboueh lucky fortune, from their different parts of the field, found each other, and. although three pieces were disabled, we drew our-clves across the road, and drawing sabers and revolvers, refused to let a man pass. Staff and field officers perceiving our design, galloped to our aid and assisted in rallying. As soon as a battalion could be formed an officer would put himself at their head and march them back. Thus was our line restored, and we were enabled to ho'd th-» eremy in check. Many a man did I see who. having escaped death in the two days' engagement, would be either shot or cut down for refusing to halt. It was hard, but it was necessary. The cause of the Union demanded that they should be checked, and even though it should cause the loss of the be>t half of the army, still it had to be done. The field of Bull Run was a terrible one; full 8,000 had fallen, but the Capital was saved and the Rebel designs foiled. They marched into Maryland, and at Antietam they were most signally defeated.

The battery was not actively engaged at the battle of Fredricksburg, but was in all the marches of that disastrous campaign, and was waitine- within easy reach of the field during the battle, the men listening to the uproar of the engagemait, and expecting momentarily to be ordered to the front. Finally the troops were all back across the Rappahanock, and the retreat was commenced.

Chancellorsville, May 2, 1863

Captain Hill and I rode to the scene of conflct and such a scene ! The Rebels under Jackson, numbering from thirty to forty thousand, had attacked our right and rear, and had driveo brigade after brigade in inextricable confusion, until all organization was lost. Colonels and brigade commanders were slain, division generals were riding about, their staffs either killed or scattered, striving to restore the line ; wounded men were pouring back; de'a:hment> began to give way, then all gave way. and from a retreat it became one confused rout ; men refused to obey orders and were shot down ; color-bearers in vain stopped on every elevation, striving to effect a rally; they rall'ed but to fall, for bullets from the throats nf thirty thousand guns were carrying all before them. I retired with the retreating army until reaching my own battery, found the boys' already loaded with cannister. and ready to fight to the last.

The rout at length reached our guns. We drew our sabers, hand-spikes, sponge staves, armed ourselves with stones, anything to keep the coward'y mob from our front. They crowded us so that were were unable to fire, .^t length all had got back, and we were left almost alone to check the onset of the victorious foe. As well might a child strive to dam up Niagara, but still we refused to give way, until Gtneral Schurz riding up, gave us peremptory orders to fall back. Nothing daunted, some one proposed ''three cheers for the general." they were given, and then three times three. The general raised his hat in acknowledgment as gracefully as if on parade. After the battle we were complimented in a general order.

Cantain Hill commanded "limber to the rear," and the order was execaited without any confusion. The road was found completely blocked up, so we took to the woods. All went well until Sergeant Bukey's piece ran foul of a sapling; an axe was produced, the sapling cut, but by that time the Rebels were close upon us. About eight of us were there. Out of the eight - Corporal Ranger while lifting at the gun, was hit badly in the side ; Smith Miner and Henry Hutchinson slightly wounded and Wiley Reeves captured, and five horses out of six fell. Can any one wonder that we were obliged to leave the gun. By this time the Rebels had brought a piece of artillery captured from us to bear on us. They were but a short distance off, and we siw they would soon have a clean sweep of the road ; so, remembering that "discretion was the better part of valor," we dashed off and rejoined the battery.

Just as Lieutenant Miner, disdaining to fall back any farther, had placed the boys in posit'on with the artillery of the Twelfth Corps, soon the Rebels announced their intention to charge by the usual yell peculiar to them, so we were ready for th;m. As soon as they made their appearance we fired on them such a storm of shot and shell as would stop a whirlwind, were it composed of animal matter; nothing could withstand it, however brave or desperate ; back they went, and cheer on cheer and the most derisive yells arose from our lines. While they were reforming we improved the opportunity, and commenced throwing up intrenchments. Night was coming on, but a good moon furnished enough light to fight by. The Rebels, having reformed, advanced with deafening yells to encounter our iron hail. Trees were cut down on their heads, shell and shrapnel were exploded in their midst. At times it appeared as if the whol^ wood was lighted up, so continuous was our fire. Our line could be easily seen, as could the Rebel line, by the long glare of discharging muskets. Both lines stood close to each other, each seeking to destroy the other ; but no human power of endurance could withstand the fire we hurled at them. The second time they broke and ran. Again while they were reforming did we further intrench ourselves. And thus did it continue, fight and intrench, fight and intrench, until tired nature could stand it no longer.

We were encouraged as if ten thousand men had been captured by the report of "Stonewall" Jackson's death, as his name alone was sufficient to carry fear into the northern ranks.

I said the morning of the 3rd gave prosnects of a terrible engagement, nor were they unverified, for with the early dawn began the battle in front of the Third Corps, and such musketry I never heard before or since. I was actually glad when our guns began their continuous roar so as to deafen me and prevent me from hearing the noise. I am safe in saying that at times from one hundred to one hundred and twentyfive thousand muskets would be going off at once, fairly making the ground shake with each discharge, and the battle in the woods made the noise doubly great. Little by little the Rebels gained ground, until at last the Chancellor house was reached. The brave Hooker refused to relinquish his headquarters, although surrounded by danger. At length it had to be aban- doned. Inch by inch we fell back, and every inch was hotly contested. At last night set in, and as if by miitua. consent both armies wearied and worn rested from the contest.

On the morning of the 4th the Rappahannock was discovered to be rapidly rising and our provisions were nearly exhausted, with all of our trains on the other side. Hooker, fearful that the pontoons would be swept away, ordered the army to recross. We retired very reluctantly ; to many of us it was the most reluctant thing we ever did, for we all went over confident of success.

Our boys behaved nobly throughout the whole engagement. Cactain H-ll, usually brave, surpassed himself. Lieutenant Miner acted in such a way as to receive the commendation of all, but were I to mention all who distinguished themselves, I should have to begin at the top of the battery roll and enumerate every one. Our causalties were as follows : W 1 Regnier, Smith Miner, Louis Fougeres, Henry Hutchinson, wounded, and Wiley Reeves captured ; 20 horses lost, three caissons and one gun captured ; the latter, however, was recaptured the ensuing fall. By the evening of the 4th the whole army had recrossed and were ordered to Brook's station.

About the last of May, 1863, the battery was transferred from the Eleventh Corps to the artillery reserve, under Gen. R. O. Tyler, and they remained in that splendid organization ever afterward.

We at length reached Taneytown. Pennsylvania, just one day's march from Gettysburg. All of June 30, 1863.' we remained here to allow the artillery t.-. concentrate. All July rst we heard the heavy and incessant cannonading, but could gain no tidings, until toward evening reports came in announcing the disaster to the First and Eleventh corps, and the death of General Reynolds. All this dampened our enthusiasm considerably, for we all perceived that our duties would be doubly severe to recover the lost ground and restore confidence. The morning of th" and we broke camp early and started briskly toward the contested ground, which we reached early, halted long enough to make coffee, when we were ordered into position on Cemetery Hill. Those who are familiar v/ith the history of that memorable day, will remember that Cemetery Hill, situated as it was in the center, and being the most advanced position of the line, was, as a consequence, the most hotly contested part of the field. Directly in our rear lay the Baltimore 'pike, a most tempting bait, leading as it did to Baltimore.

On a gallop under a 'heavy fire we dashed up the hill, unlimbered and prepared for acton. Soon the conflict raged with redoubled fury, reinforcements were coming up and rapidly taking posit'on, and by noon both lines were completed.

Stretching off to our left in a valley intervening between the two lines, lay a long dark line of bluecoated men with gleaming bayonets. By their battleflags we recognized the Third Corps, always on hand and always bearing their banners whtre death flies thick and fast. Their line was fully a quarter of a mile in advance of the Second Corps, on their right, thus leaving an interval between the two flanks. General Meade was e.xplaining to General Sickles the danger of his position, when the enemy made a furious assault upon his lines. The moment the Rebel host appeared they discharged such a volley as to make the earth quake; their whole line blazed with a sulphurous light, their guns hurled death and destruction into the surprised ranks of our men. Gallantly the brave Third Corps held its position. Sickles, dashing into the thickest of the fight, sought to retrieve the fortunes of the day, but was soon brought off bleeding and mangled, almost lifeless, a ball having broken his leg.*

Mortal men could not stand such a fire. They wavered, then rallied, then wavered again, then broke, and with terrific and appalling yells the Rebel infantry pursued. Back fell our men. and still back until they wefe directly in our rear, until we thought our line was broken and all was lost, when lo ! a long bright line of bayonets appear, quickly the men are deployed in the field, their knapsacks are unslung. their line formed and all are in readiness for the fray. By their Dattle-flags we discern that the Fifth Corps has opportunely come up, by the exultant and confident cheers they charged. A long bright flash burst from their ranks and havoc and dismay were sent into the enemy's ranks. Their line staggered. Another volley from our boys and they fell back. Just then a battery of 20-pound Parrotts secreted on Sugar Loaf Hill, opened on them and cut swaths in their retreating ranks, and the orderly retreat was turned to a mob, all organization was lost, and with it all hope.

Many a Southern hearthstone was minus a member, and many a sorrowing family can tell how their joy and pride was cut down in that fatal charge. Our lines were firmly re-established.

All this time we had been actively engaged with the Rebel artillery in our front. They were strong in force, and had been tasking us pretty, severely. The sharpshooters, too, secreted behind a stone wall but a short distance awav in our front, had been annoying us terribly, but as yet no casuality had taken place. All were congratulating themselves when a shell too surely aimed, came crashing through the air. Louis Fourgeres saw and avoided it. but poor Stephen Braddock, more unfortunate, was struck fair in the head, the shell taking as it went a portion off the top part of his head. If his body had been made of stone, he could not have fallen more rigidly. He threw out his arms, and with a gentle oh ! returned his soul to Him who

*This wound necessitated amputation, and we find it recorded in another place by one who saw him borne from the field, that after his leg had been taken off and the wound dressed, this impetuous leader was borne from the field on a stretcher, lying with his hat drawn down over his eyes, his arms folded tightly on his breast and a cigar in his mouth.

gave it. His death for a time threw a gloom over all, for no one knew but he would be the next. I am convinced . from the suddenness of the bdow that he never knew the cause of his death.

So hotly were we engaged that no one had a leisure moment to remove him ; there he lay grim and ghastly. Although I was commanding the gun next to the one on which Braddock was killed, and was but a few feet from him, still I was ignorant of the fact until quite a time afterward, when Lieutenant Thies informed me. So you may imagine how actively we were engaged. A lull soon occurred in the firing when Braddock's remains were carried off. and laid in their last resting place. Truly a soldier's burial was his, the noise of war was resounding on all sides when we laid him in liis grave. He was wrapped in his blanket, a good deep grave dug, and a head board with his name carved on by a comrade, placed at the head. We left liis body, but carried away a just appreciation of his worth a-; a man and a soldier.

lattle all else was forgotten, and little by little accidents happened; two"of my horses had their forelegs off by one shell, and so close did it strike to Charley Boyce. their driver, that it knocked the dust over him, and stunned him for a time. Supposing him killed. I ran to his assistance, but found him safe and cool as if nothing had happened. I ordered to unharness his horses, take them to the rear, and have them shot, and am not positive that I did not see a glistening in the poor fellow's eyes, very much like a tear, when he received the order.

John Lehnhard and Martin Wendelkin, both cannoneers on my gun, were standing side by side, taking ammunition out of the chest, when a shell came thundering between them, tearing off half the axle, and "burying itself in the ground. Each looked at the other, and grasped their legs, thinking one at least was gone, so close did the shell pass, but finding themselves intact, they laughed and went on with their work. Another of my boys, whilst leaning against a wheel, heard a dull thud: on looking around, he found a musket "ball, half buried in the wheel close by his head. Sergeant Dow seeing a shell coming too friendly a course, leaped aside and escaped death. Captain Hill, while walking up and down the line, encouraging all, nearly lost both his legs by a shell.

Seeing a shell coming bent on mischief. I called out "Look out." L. R. \Ioore on my right hearing me. fell to the ground, and the shell passed so close to him across h's Ikk-I:, that he thought he was wounded, and olaced hi- Ii.ukU im Iiis back like one in intense agony: he looki-d tnuard^ ine, and feeing me laughing, found himself uninjured. He laughed also, and went on with his duty. It was now getting dark, and the fire of the artillery was beginning to die away, but still the sharpshooters kept up an incessant fire. I was standing by my gun when I felt a sharp stinging sensation in my throat. I clapped my hand to the spot, imagining myself badly wounded. I felt a second time, but found no blood, and came to the conclusion that it was nothing. The next morning, on mentioning the fact, I was told that there was a red streak across rriy throat.

The next morning. July 3d, we awoke refreshed and ready for the attack, nor had we long to wait, for vvfith the break of day began the engagement, and we kept up a brisk fire until about noon, when a deadly calm fell on the whole field.

Early in the morning a general officer rode up to Captain Hill and told him that they had learned that the Rebels had designed concentrating all their artillery on our front, to be supported bv ten thousand picked men under Rhodes. The artillery was to destroy our lines, when the infantry was to charge and occupy them. He further said that General Meade could not afford us any support, and that we must defend ourselves to keep clear ovr front, and asked the captain if he could do it. Captain Hill answered, "If any men can, mine can." or words to that effect. The general replied that our position must be held at all hazards, or the day wa=_lost. Knowing as we did the immense responsibility resting upon us, we shut our teeth and vowed we would hold our position.

The intense calm over the whole field we knew portended the anticipated attack, nor were we long in anticipation, for at a signal from a gun on the Rebel right, the whole field was as convulsed as if an earthquake had occurred. The whole of the Rebel artillery, estimated at from two hundred and twentyfive to two hundred and fifty guns, by General Meade in his official report, had opened on us at once. Mortal pen cantiot describe the horrors of that unparalleled cannonade. Nearly five hundred guns were going all at once. The air was alive with shrieking and bursting shells, guns discharging, men shouting, and many crying out in pain, horses rearing and neighing as they were being horribly mangled, cai.'sons bursting, sarrying death and disinay to their possessors, until it appeared as if it was impossible for man to survive the destructive missiles. For four long hours did this continue. Men by scores and hundreds had been killed. In the first battery to our left forty men had been killed and wounded, and nearly all their horses. Four pieces had been disabled, and at one time we saw three of their limber chests blown up. I rode over their position the next morning, and the sight fairly sickened me. Their guns had to b- hauled off in baggage wagons. Still, although our position was higher and more exposed, it appeared as though some guardian angel was watching over us. for our losses were but few. Charles Lacey, a driver on Sergeant O'Neil's gun, while keeping his horses still, was struck by half of a light 12-pounder shell above the right eye. killing him the same way as Braddock, but there he had to lay until after the battle, when we gave hiin a decent burial. James Loufman was struck in the breast with a piece of shell, but its force had been spent, causing no injury.

The battle still raged hotter and hotter. Our ammunition having given out, we fired back a few of the Rebel shells, hot as they were, literally paying them back in their own coin. Our ammunition being exhausted, we were compelled to withdraw.

anything, hotter than the field itself, for it is proverbial that the rear is the most dangerous place, for on it is concentrated all- the shot and shell that have passed ever the front. We had no sooner got out of harm's way than the firing ceased. The artillery having failed to break our line, the Rebel infantry was drawn up in line to attempt it. Right nobly they came, but it was to their iKatli. for air whole line opened on them with full fnrrr, .ind mi;i ^iich a deadly storm of cannister into tlu-ir rank^ tliat it appeared as if the whole line was doomed. Fully one-third fell, as many more threw down their arms and surrendered, and the rest, demoralized and scattered, sought the shelter of the woods. Thus ended this memorable engagement. Skirmishing, it is true, was still kept up, but the heavy fighting was over. Some of the boys, on going over the field to our front and left, said that fully three acres could be traversed without touching the ground, so thickly were ihe bodies strewn. I was content to take a view from our position. It was too horrible to take a nearer look at. We remained in po^it'on until noon of the 5th. when it was fully known that the Tiebels were retreating.

The l)attle being over and the Rebels in full retreat, we started after them, nor were we loth to leave the place. For four days and nights had we been there almost without food, water or sleep. Is it any wonder that the place had no fascination?

Men blame Meade for not following Lee more closely, and preventing his escape across the Potomac, "but had they been there they could readily have seen the reason.

Lee having got fairly away, we started by easy and pleasant marches towards our old haunts. We camped at Warrenton, then at Culpeper, and when in the fall Lee slipped by us and again made demonstrations on Washington, we again took part in that "masterly fall-back." .'Mthough the Rebels had the start, and the inside track, still, Meade honed th?t by strategem he might defeat them. He placed the army in three columns, and tnarched them by three different roads, keeping each column in sight of the other nearly constantly, and the race became so close that when tlie head of our column reached and occup'ed Centreville Heights, the head of the Rebel Hill's colimin could be seen crossmg the old Bull Run bridge. Lee maneuvered around a good deal, hoping to find an assailable point, but not finding any. he again fell Tjack. We in this campaign fought our Ian battle. The Second Corps had been warmly engaged, their artillery had run out of ammunition, and it became necessary to rel'eve them. We were sent up *o their relief, and hardlv had we reached the front when a Rebel battery of four guns opened on us from Mitchell's ford. We asked no better fun than to engage them. Dashing into position we soon exchanged cards, and opened an intimate acquaintance. .\ short time was sufficient. They tired of our acquaintance and very unceremoniously withdrew, leaving us exulting over our easy, and on our part bloodless, victory. We followed Lee to the Rappahannock, where a part of our troops made such a gallant assault on his works, at Rappahannock station. Here the gun captured from us at Chancellorsville was. to our great joy. recaptured.

Our battery re-enlisted and came home on a veteran furlough, and returned expecting to take part in the anticipated engagements under Grant, but that general, having more artillery than he needed, sent us. in connection with a number of other batteries, to man the defenses of Washington, where we remained until peace was declared and we were allowed to return to our homes, proud that we should never have cause to blush at our record.

Captain James F. Huntington, mustered November 7, 1861. resigned on surgeon's certificate of disability October 26, 1863 : Captain George W. Norton, mustered October 26, 1863, resigned March 21, 1864: Captain Stephen W. Dorsey, mustered ."Xpril 13, 1864, mustered out with battery : First Lieutenant George W. Norton, mustered November 7, 1861, promoted to captain : First Lieutenant George Davenport, mustered November 7, 1861. resigned January 7, 1863: First Lieutenant Charles G. Mason, mustered March 12, 1862, resigned April 26, 1862; First Lieutenant William A, Ewing, mustered June 4, 1863, mustered out October 24, 1864; First Lieutenant .\lbert G. Merrill, mustered March 3. 1864, resigned October 12, 1864: First Lieutenant James Harris, mustered February 8, 186.^, mustered out with battery; First Lieutenant William H. Perrigo, mustered February 8, 1865. mustered out with battery : Second Lieutenant Thomas M. Bartlett, mustered November 7, 1862. promoted ; Second Lieutenant Martin B. Ewing. mustered November 7, 1862. promoted : Second Lieutenant Albert G. Merrill, mustered September i.s. 1862. promoted; Second Lieutenant Frank B. Reckard. mustered January 7. 1863, promoted ; Second Lieutenant Albert Reagler, mustered May 9. 1864. mustered out with batterv ; Second LieiUenant Lewis B. Maxwell, mustered May 2. 1865. luustered out with battery ; Second Lieutenant Silas H. Jutison, mustered May 2, 1865. miistered out with battery;

Second Lieutenant Wallace W. Pixley, mustered October 20, 1S64, mustered out July I, 1865 ; Second Lieutenant William E. Parmalee, mustered February 8, 1865, mustered out July i, 1865.

In October, 1861, about 60 men were raised for the field artillery service, in Washington and Monroe counties. An arrangement was made to complete a battery by uniting them with about the same number of recruits from the vicinity of Toledo.

On November 6th the organization was perfected at Camp Dennison, and Battery H, of the First Light Artillery, came into existence. The following was the roster of commissioned officers at that date: J. F. Huntington, of Marietta, captain ; G. W. Norton, of Toledo, senior first lieutenant; George Davenport, of Salem, junior first lieutenant; M. B. Ewing, of Cincinnati, senior second lieutenant; T. M. Bartlett, of Cleveland, junior second lieutenant.

The junior subaltern never reported for duty with the battery, and was afterward transferred. Private W. A. Ewing was promoted to the vacancy. Of the men thus brought together from opposite frontiers of the State, it is but justice to say, that in character and intelligence they were above the average.

The battery was armed with six James' guns - the old bronze six-pounder rifled to throw a 13-pound conical shot. It was admirably horsed - better than at any subsequent period.

In January, the battery being reported as ready for the field, it was sent to join General Landers' afterward Shields' division, near Cumberland, Maryland. It was first engaged at the battle of Winchester, March 22, 1862; losing one man. Private Jacob Tager, and one horse killed by the same shot. General Shields was wounded while sitting on his horse near the pieces watching the fire. The battery took part in the various operations in Shenandoah V,alley for the next two months. In May the division was ordered to march for Fredricksburg and join McDowell's corps, then about to unite with the right wing of Mc- Dowell's army in an attack on Richmond.

When Shields' division was fairly out of the way, "Stonewall" Jackson returned and drove General Banks' small command out of the valley. The advance on Richinond was postponed, and Shields' division, followted by the bulk of McDowell's corps, was started post haste towards the valley. In combination with Fremont, who was to' come in from Franklin, they were to "bag Jackson.''

As usual, the) string slip.i>ed - McDowell gave it up at Front Royal, and left Shields to follow Jackson on his own hook. The bridges of the Shenandoah had been burnt, and the ' stream imfordable. Shields had sent two brigades and three battalions, "H" among them,^ up the Aiorth bank to the village of Port Republic, where a bridge was standing.

Jackson proposed to cross at this point. He round these two brigades under General Tyler, of Ohio, likely to interfere with him. Fren:nnt pressed him south of the river. On Sunday, June 8th, he checked that general at Cross Keys, and, crossing at Port Republic early the next morrning, attacked Tyler' S| small command, expecting to wipe him out iii season and return and join with Fremont. In this action Battery H was severely handled. Posted on the left flank, without infantry support, a thick wood sheltered the enemy within pistol-shot of the guns. It was charged in front and flanked by the "Louisiana Tigers," and forced to retire, leaving two pieces on the field, having several men killed and wounded, with a large number of horses. Tyler's command made a gallant fight, and the enemy made no serious attempt to follow their retreat. Shields' division retired to Front Royal ; the general resigned his command, and the division was broken up.

In July Battery H arrived at Alexandria much reduced in strength by the casualties of service. Before the losses in men and material could be repaired, the battery was ordered to Marietta to join General Pike's army. At this place it was inspected and ordered back to Alexandria. Recruiting officers were sent to Toledo and Marietta who soon raised men to fill the attenuated ranks. The James' guns were turned in and replaced by six ordnance guns, three-inch wrought iron rifles. By this time General Pope was falling back on the defenses of Washington. Tlie battery joined him in time for the battle of Chantilly. After various marches and counter marches the battery, permanently assigned to General Whipple's division, proceeded by rail from Washington to join McClellan in Maryland'. Thenceforward it belonged to the army of the Potomac. The battery next came in contact with the enemy during a reconnoisance in Manassas Gap with Piatt's brigade early in November, 1862.

After General Burnside succeeded to the command, the battery marched to Fredricksburg and was detailed with others to cover the laying of the center pontoon preparatory to the bloody and disastrous battle of Fredericksburg. It took part in shelling the city, but did not cross the river. In Burnside' s next attempt, known as the "mud march," Battery H was one of those assigned to cover the crossing at Banks' Ford. It reached the designated position and got back to the old camp by one of the hardest marches in its history.

j During the winter of 1862-63, spent at Falmouth, Lieutenant Davenport resigned on a surgeon's certificate. Sergeant F. B. Reckard was promoted tO' the junior lieutenancy.

Battery H marched to Chancellorsville with Whipple's division of Sickle's corps. W'hen the division went out to join the attack on Jackson's ci.ilumn as it crossed the front of Hooker's position, its batteries, H, First Ohio, First and Thirteenth New York Independent, were left in a field near the turnpike. Here it became their duty to meet and repel a strong attack from Jackson's advance after the rout of the Eleventh Corps. This was done so as to elicit the Avarmest commendation from General Sickles when he reached the field.

Early the next morning Battery H was left in the same field with two regiments of infantry to make a show of resistance till the new line of defense was completed. The front attack of the enemy was repelled, but being outflanked, the infantry support having retreated in confusion, the battery was forced to retire as best it could through boggy ground and across a creek. It sustained a heavy loss in men and material - two pieces had to be left across the stream, the horses being killed or disabled.

After the return of the army to Falmouth, the artillery was reorganized and a strong reserve formed under Gen. R. O. Tyler, United States Army. It was soon afterwards sent to Banks' Ford, on temporary duty, with the regular division of the Fifth Corps. It marched with that division as far as Manassas Junction en route for Gettysburg, then rejoined the reserve. Just before this, First. Lieut. M. B. Ewing resigned to accept promotion into the First Regiment, Heavy Artillery. Sergeant Albert ^lerrill became the junior subaltern. At Fairfax Court House a new brigade was. formed in the reserve, made up of Company H, First Ohio, Company C, First Virginia^ Company L, First Pennsylvania, and First New Hampshire Independent Battery. Captain Huntington was assigned to the command ; so the immediate charge of the battery tlevolved on Lieutenant Norton.

At Gettysburg the battery, posted on Cemetery Hill, was exposed to a heavy fire of artillery, as well as from sharpshooters near the edge of the town. Some of the best men in the battery fell in that hard-fought battle.

After the return o^f the army to Virginia, Battery H, with Huntington's brigade, did outpost duty oil the Rappahannock and Rapidan rivers. In November, 1863, the battery was at Warrenton, Virginia.

Captain Huntington, in consecjuence of an injury, resigned on a surgeon's certificate, to accept an appointment in the Veteran Reserve Corps. Lieutenant Norton became captain. The battery took part in the Mine Run campaign, and passed the remainder of the winter of 1863-64 at Brandy Station.

In March Captain Norton resigned. Up to this time promotions had been made by seniority, a selection in the battery where the vacancy occurred. A new rule had been introduced about this time, under which Lieut. S>

Soon after the opening of the spring cam- ,paign. the battery was transferred to the Sixth Corps, and with it fought at Spottsylvania. -At the sanguinary action of Cold Harbor the battery was the first to take position, and was heavily engaged. In the advance on Petersburg the battery held a very exposed position -of three days ^nd nights, trying to prevent the enemy from crossing the railroad bridges. In July the battery had a little vacation from siege "duties.

In consequence of Early's raid on Washington, it was sent to that city, but after a very brief stay was ordered to return to the front of Petersburg. For over two months the bat- 'tery held the earthwork officially called Fort Sedgewick, but better known as "Fort Hell," the hottest place on the line. Constantly under fire, no amount of active field service is so harrassing and trying to soldiers.

Tlie battery was among the first sent home after the surrender. The muster-out took at Camp Taylor, near Cleveland, June 15, 1865. The roster of officers then stood 'as follows:

Battery H thus completed a record of ardlious and honorable service. No man who 'ever fought at its guns need blush to tell his 'children, "I belonged to old Battery H." In 'the matter of losses in action the battery was remarkably fortunate. Few, if any, that saw so much service were equally so. The following is a resume of its career:

Whole number borne on the rolls during service, 262 ; killed in action, 28 : died in hospital, 15; discharged on surgeon's certificates, 40; discharged expiration of enlistment, 36; discharged for promotion, etc.. 18: mustered out at Camp Taylor, 125.

To commissions in the battery, seven; commissions in other batteries, three; commissions in heavy artillery, two : commissions in infantry, two; commission in United States Navy, one; total, 15.

Roster Of Officers

11. 1863, mustered out with battery; First Lieutenant Columbus Rodamour. October 15, 1863, mustered out with battery : First Lieutenant .\ndrew Berwick, October 30. 1863, mustered out with battery; Second Lieutenant John D. Holden. October 10, 1861. promated; Second Lieutenant Louis Heckman. February 20. 1862. promoted ; Second Lieutenant Henry F. Camp, January 7, 1862. promoted ; Second Lieutenant Hiram B. lams. March 27. 1862, resigned May II, 1S63; Second Lieutenant Charles M. Schilley, October 20 1862, promoted ; Second Lieutenant Columbus Rodamour, May II. 1863. promoted; Second Lieutenant John H. Reis, May ii, 1862. promoted; Second Lieutenant Joseph Maloney. May 9. 1864. mustered out with battery; Second Lieutenant Otto Marolotze. May 2, 1865. resigned June 10, 1865.

Washington County has just cause to be proud of the three batteries she furnished for the Union during the civil war, viz. : De Beck's "L" and Huntington's "H," of the First Ohio and Buell's "C' of the First Virginia.

in June, 1861, under authority from the State of Virginia with headquarters at Wilhamstown, West Virginia, opposite Marietta, but recruiting in "Dixie" proving slow, October loth, of the same year, the command was offered to Ohio, which was accepted, and the company went to Camp Dennison, near Cincinnati, where it was designated as Company "K,'" First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery. During the fall and winter of i85i, and 1862, the drilling and disciplining were incessant, and sO' proficient did the men become, that the Governor of Ohio, as a special recognition, furnished the cmnpany six of the famous Wierd steel guns. March i, 1862, the command went to I'aikersliurg, West Virginia, and was incorporated inti) tlie Army of West Virginia, then under General Rosecrans, Two weeks later, it went forward to Cumberland, Maryland, and reported tO' Gen. Robert C. Schenck. A few days afterwards it WHS sent on a forced n.irch, reaching the wire suspension bridge over the South Potomac, near Romney, and by its timely arrival prevented a raid upon the Baltimiore & Chio Railroad by a division of "Stonewall" Jackson's cavalry. For the promptness here displayed, the battery was publicly thanked by General Rosecrans, and Captain De Beck promoted to chief of artillery, on the staff of General Schenck. Early in April, 1862, "K" was engaged in engagements at Grassy Lick, Lost River, Moorefield and Crab Bottom Church, again receiving the thanks of the general.

May 8th of the same year, after a forced night and day march, of more than 100 miles, Shenck's army reached the overwhelmed forces of General Milroy, the combined army numberinig 7,000, at once engaging Jackson's army of 23,000 in the fierce battle of Bull Pasture Mountain, which lasted till late in the night, and 'by mutual consent ending as a "drawn game." The LTnion Army under Schenck, being largely outnumbered, withdrew that night, closely followed by Jackson in its retreat, fighting at Mountain Summit, Ighs' Church, Handy's Gap, Washington's Meadow, and Franklin: in all nf which Jackson's attempt to cut tb.e army ofl:' from its base of retreat was frustrated. During the five days, and nights of this terrible retrograde movement De Beck's Battery was assigned the first, place of honor, in covering the retreats and driving back the fierce onslaughts of Jackson, in which it was again so successful that General Fremont who had succeeded liosecrans,. in the presence of his staff and other commanding officers, thanked Captain De Beck for splendid work he had done. General Schenck adding that Battery K had saved the army.

Fremont now started on his memoral;lemarch, to intercept Jackson in the Shenandoah Valley, during which, were fought thebattles of Strasburg, Middletown, Cedar Creek, New Market, Edinburgh, Woodstock, Mount Jackson, Harrisonburg, Rockinghami Fields (where the Rel^el' cavalry general. Ashby, was killed), and Cross-Keys, and in the lat-. ter the tenible firing of De Beck's battery, and work it did, exciting the greatest admiration of all officers and men from the highest to the lowest. Fremont was now succeeded by General Sigel, and Captain De Beck was chief of artillery of the army. While under Sigel,. the battery took part in the great battles of Cedar Mountain, Freeman's Ferry, Kelly's Ford, Warrenton, Warrentgn Junction, Bristow Station, New Baltimore- (second), Chan-- tilly, and the second Bull Rtm, all under Pope.

After this K was assigned to the army of the Potomac, closing the year- 1862 by taking part in Burnside's great and fata! battle of Fredericksburg. Gen. Joe Hooker was now made commander, and K Battery was sent to the Eleventh Corps under Gen. O. O. Howard.

Mav 1st, 2d and 3d, Battery K was in the terrible field at Chancellorsville, its discipline and drill never proving of greater value than when the Eleventh Corps so unexpectedly became demoralized, and began its disastrous re- - treat. K Battery reniained like a solid wall, and with canister and shrapnel again and again driving back the fierce charges of Jackson, remaining in position until our forces had; either reformed their lines, or new troops came to the rescue. TIhe next day, while temporarily serving in the Fifth Corps under General Meade, the batteiy again distinguished itself by driving back with cannister Longstreet's veterans. Captain De Beck being now called to another command, Lewis Heckman, senior first lieutenant, was commissioned captain, and took charge of the battery.

July I, 2 and 3, 1863, was fought the greatest battle of the war, Gettysburg, in which Battery K was prominently engaged, its terrific fire on Cemeterv Hill eliciting the highest encomiums.

In October the battery went tu the West with the Eleventh and Twelfth corps under Hooker, and at Chattanooga was incorporated into the Army of the Cumberland, and while there, was participant in all of Grant's battles at Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, etc., and during the rest of the war, remained at Stevenson and Bridgeport, Alabama, finally returning to Camp Dennison, where it was mustered out of service, delivering its guns over to the Otdnance Department of the United States, and having had the rare good fortune of never having surrendered a single gun to the enemy.

Gallant, noble Frank Buell died in battle, lamented and beloved by all the officers and men of the three batteries, while De Beck and Huntington had the good fortune to live through the contests, to see the country restored and reunited, and peace reigning throughout the land.

Captain Daniel W. Hoffman, mustered August 22, 186,3, promoted to major Seotember 30. 1863; Captain Walter S. Bradford. June 16, 1865. mustered out with regiment: Captain Stowell S. Hazen, September ,30. 1863. resigned June 24. 1865; Fir.st Lieutenant Richard Burns. August 25. 1863, promoted to captain of battery L; First Lieutenant Stowell S. Hazen, .\ugust 27, 1863, promoted to captain of battery K: First Lieutenant Thomas M. Sechler. September 30, 1863. resigned June 3. 1865: First Lieutenant Charles A. Mc- Manus. October 18, 1864, resigned June 21. 186^; First Lieutenant Francis Reichman. June 16, 1865. mustered out with regiment ; Second Lieutenant Thomas M. Sechler, August 25, 1863, promoted to first lieutenant; Second Lieutenant Charles H. Newton, Aubust 25,

1863, promoted to first lieutenant of battery D, and resigned January 19, 1865 ; Second Lieutenant George W. Bell, September 30, 1863. promoted to first lieutenant of battery B, on General Carter's staff at muster out of regiment ; Second Lieutenant Thomas Underwood, September 15, 1864, mustered out with regiment; Second Lieutenant Henry A. Frary, mustered out with regiment.

This was a Washington County organization. By the middle of the year 1863, the national armies had made important captures of forts and other strongholds of the enemy. It became necessary to recruit a class of troops whose duty it should be to fortify, garrison and hold these captures. The Secoaid regiment of heavy artillery was therefore authorized, and rank and file consisted of 2,400 men.

K Battery was mustered into the service Septemlber 7, 1863, at Covington barracks, Kaitucky, and on October nth, was removed to Mumfordsville. On May 26, 1864, it was transferred to Charleston, Tennessee, where, on the 1 8th of August, it was engaged with the enemy's cavalry, under Wheeler, and participated in the subsequent movements of General Ammen, moving to Fort Sanders and Knoxville, and on November 18, 1864, marched to open communication with the Union forces, then in a critical position at Strawberry Plains. On November 20th, returned to Knoxville, and on December 7th, marched with General Ammen' s command to Bean's Station, Tennessee. It occupied fortifications at Clinch Gap, Tennessee, until December 31,

1864, when it returned to Fort Lee, at Knoxville. Shortly thereafter the battery was ordered to Greenville, Tennessee, and thence to Nashville, where, on the 23rd of August,

1862, killed at Stone River Decembef 31, 1862; Colonel Thomas C. H. Smith, December 31. 1862, revoked; Colonel Beroth B. Eggleston. April i. 1863, mustered out with regiment ; Lieutenant Colonel Thomas C. H. Smith, August 23, 1861, promoted to colonel December 13, 1862, appointed brigadier general by President November 2g, 1862 : Lieutenant Colonel James Laughlin, December 31, 1862, resigned April i, 1863; Lieutenant Colonel Valentine Cupp. April i, 1863, died September 20, 1863 ; Lieutenant Colonel Thomas J. Pattin, September 20, 1863. mustered out with regiment ; Lieutenant Colonel Stephen C. Writer. December 9. 1864, mustered out with regiment; Major John D. Moxley. February 25. 1865. A. A. A. G. at Camp Webster, Nashville, Tennessee; Major William Mc- Burney, February 28, 1865, mustered out with regiment; Major Minor Millikin. August 24, 1861, promoted to colonel; -Major Michael W. Smith, October 31, 1861, resigned June 10, 1862; Major E. B. Dennison. November 27. 1861, resigned June 10, 1862; Major James Laughlin. June 10, 1862, promoted to lieutenant colonel; Major Beroth B. Eggleston, June 20. 1862, promoted to colonel; Major J. W. Robinson, June i, 1862, died ; Major David A. B. Moore, September 7, 1862, killed at Stone River December 31, 1862; Major Valentine Cupp, December 31, 1862. promoted to lieutenant colonel; Major Thomas J. Pattin. December 31, 1862, promoted to lieutenant colonel; Major Stephen C. Writer, April i, 1863, promoted to lieutenant colonel; Major James N. Scott, April i. 1863. mustered out with regiment; Major John C. Frankenberger. September 20, 1863, mustered out ; Surgeon Rudolph Wirth, September 7, 1861, resigned May 23, 1862; Surgeon John Cannan. February i, 1862; Wilson V. Cowen, December 16. 1863, resigned October 4, 1864; .Assistant Surgeon John Cannan. October 10, 1864. promoted to surgeon; Assistant Surgeon John B. McDill. August 21. 1864. mustered out; Chaplain J. M. Drake, December 13, 1861, resigned May 23. 1862.

Captain Thomas J. Pattin, mustered September 17, 1864, promoted to major; Captain John D. Barker, December 31, 1863, resigned January 21, 1864; Captain Henry C. Reppert, December 14, 1864, mustered out with regiment ; First Lieutenant John D. Barker, September 18, 1861. promoted to captain; First Lieutenant Samuel H. Putnam. September 7, 1862. resigned October 26, 1863 : First Lieutenant Henry C. Reppert. March 31, 1864, promoted to captain; First Lieutenant Robert B. Rhodes. January 6. 1865. mustered out May 5. 1863. as second lieutenant ; First Lieutenant Daniel W, Dye. July 24. 1865. mustered out with regiment ; Second Lieutenant Oscar H. LTnderwood, September 18, 1861, resigned May 29, 1862; Second Lieutenant Timothy L. Condit. May 29, 1S62, killed at Stone River December 31. 1862; Second Lieutenant Samuel H. Putnam. November 20. 1862. promoted to first lieutenant ; Second Lieutenant Henry C. Reppert, December 31, 1862, promoted to first lieutenant; Second Lieutenant Robert B. Rhodes, December 9, 1863. promoted to first lieutenant.

Non-Commissioned Officers

First Sergeant Edward P. Burlingame, March 31, 1864, mustered out with regiment ; Quartermaster Sergeant John Huff, March 31, 1864, mustered out with regiment ; Commissary Sergeant Henry Duden, March 31, 1864, mustered out with regiment.

The following sketch of Company L, First Ohio Volunteer Caxalry, was compiled from brief notes taken by Sergeant E. P. Burlingame from a journal kept by him during the war. Many soldiers kept journals, but few were as fortunate as Mr. Burlingame in getting through all the marches and battles and not losing them :

September 5, 1861, Governor Dennison authorized a regiment of cavalry tO' be raised for the three years' service. Through the efforts of the military committee of Washington County, and especially two members, John Newton, Esq., and Col. William R. Putnam, together with Thomas J. Pattin and John D. Barker, a company was raised in this county, and by September 14, 1861, 93 names were enrolled. Thomas J. Pattin was elected was captain, John D. Barker first lieutenant, and Oscar H. Underwood second lieutenant.

On the 17th of the same month the company reported at Camp Chase, and was assigned to the First Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, as Company L. They were mustered in on the i8th, received uniforms the 21st, horses the 28th. horse equipments October 22nd, sabres and belts November 25th, and revolvers December 3rd. Meanwhile they were exercised at mounted and dismounted drill, until they became very efficient in the manual of arms and cavalry evolutions.

December nth, the regiment arrived at Louisville, Kentucky, and on the 20th were reviewed by Gen. Don Carlos Buell, commanding the department.

Spring Hill, Tennessee, where a detail from Compan}' L, was made as an escort for Gen. George H. Thomas, under command of Lieut. John D. Barker.

April 6, 1862, while on the march with General Buell's army in the direction of Pittsburgh Landing, the cannonading at the battle of Shiloh was distinctly heard. The regiment arrived at Pittsburgh Landing April 8th, too late to take part in the battle, and were actively employed up to May 30th, having several skirmishes with the enemy, and lost one man, William M. Robinson - missing.

On June 4, 1862, they fought their first battle, Company L, with part of Company D, were on picket duty three miles from Booneville, at Carolina Church, when the Rebels, four companies strong, attacked them. Forming hastily they checked the enemy's advance, and then fell back in good order, to entice the enemy intO' the open ground. The Rebels, supposing they were retreating, charged with a yell, but our men wheeled by fours and faced the enemy, opening on them with their Sharp's carbines. Captain Pattin riding up and down the line, urging the boys to "give it to them." The Rebels having a larger force now endeavored to flank them. They consequently were compelled to fall back still farther, turning on the Rebels several times, and finally reached their supports at Booneville, when the enemy retired. The company escaped without loss ; two of Company D, however, were wounded.

In July, 1862, the company was engaged in the siege of Corinth, and on the 24th of that month joined the regiment at Tuscumbia, Alabama. During August the}' were engaged in scouting along the line of the Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad. September 30th found the regiment at Louisville again under the command of General Buell, where they were clothed and equipped and received four months' pay.

On October 2d, Companv L was thrown out of Louisville to make a flank movement on the Rebels who had taken possession of Mount Washington. Captain Pattin advanced part of the company, dismounted, who were supported by other troops ; they were soon briskly engaged, when the enemy opened on them witli grape and canister; they tnereupon retired to give room to our artillery ; moving now to the other flank the company got into the town, and the Rebels rapidly retreated. Loss, Henry Duden, wounded.