Coles County, Illinois - The whole text, 1879 (part 17 of 21)

N. R. DUER, farmer and school-teacher ; P. O. Oakland ; born in Fairfield Co., Ohio, May 13, 1832, where he attended school and engaged in farming until he attained his majority, when he engaged in school-teaching one year ; he then entered the Ohio Wesleyan University, located at Delaware, which he attended for upward of two years ; he then engaged in farming and school-teaching in Ohio, until 1862, when he emigrated to Illinois and located in Clark Co.. where he followed teaching and farming until 1 864, when he located in Coles Co., and engaged in teaching in Oakland one year, and one year in East Oakland Tp. ; he then returned to Clark Co., and for three years was employed in teaching in Clark and Cumberland Cos. ; he then engaged in the drug-trade, at Farmington, Coles Co.. which business he followed until the fall of 1875, when he engaged in drug trade at Oakland, with N. R. Moore, under the firm name of Duer & Moore, which business continued until March, 1878, when he sold his interest and again resumed farming and schoolteaching. He married, Aug. 14, 1861, to Jane Elder : she was born in Ohio July 19, 1838 ; died Oct. 5, 1862. leaving no children ; his marriage with Celia E. Ferguson was celebrated July 21. 1863 ; she was born in Clark Co. April 15, 1842 ; they have four children now living by this union, viz., Jane, Charles S., Alice May and Amelia G.

HUGH DAUGHERTY, farmer; P.O. Oakland ; born in Coles Co., 111., Jan. 25, 1830, in which county he has always lived ; he is the son of John Daugherty, one of the earliest pioneers of Illinois, who emigrated from North Carolina and located in Illinois about the year 1828 ; he died about the year 1860, in East Oakland Tp., Coles Co. ; the subject of this sketch, assisted his father farming until 17 years of age, when he was employed as farm laborer for two years, when he commenced farming, renting for a period of five years, when he purchased forty acres, since which time he has farmed his own land ; he now owns eighty-seven acres on Sec. 29 ; when he first commenced farming, his capital consisted of one horse and two cows, and he was in debt about S200 ; his first tax was 50 cents. He married, March 27, 1851. to Matilda Hite ; she was born in Ohio Oct. 6, 1823; she died Jan 2, 1872, leaving five children, now living - Sarah A., Andrew, John M., Mahalia and Ellen ; his marriai^e with Martha E. Burton wa,H celebrated Dec. 12, 1872 ; she was born in Fountain Co., Ind., March 20, 1847 ; they have three children now living - Hugh F., Samuel Wesley and James Calvin.

JAMES T. EDSON, Oakland, purchasino; a^ent for Illinois of Wm. B. Dickson & Co., Indianapolis. Ind. ; born in Iredell Co., N. C, Jan. 15, 1841 ; his parents removed to Ohio when he wa.s ((uite young, where he attended school during the winter, and worked upon the farm during the summer, until 1861, when he enlisted in the 14th Ohio V. I. for three months, after which he enlisted for three years in the 38th Ohio V. I., where he served nearly three years, when he reenlisted in the 38th Ohio Veteran Regiment, in which he served during the war ; he took part in nearly all the severe battles in which the 14th Army Corps was engaged, among which were Mill Springs, Stone River, Perryvillc, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge and many others, and was with Sherman's army in his march to the sea ; he was mustered out with his regiment in July, 1865, at Louisville, Ky., when he engaged in farming in Ohio several years, until 1871, when he located in Oakland, and en-jcaged in buying and shipping lumber to Indianapolis, which busi- ness he has since successfully followed. His mdrriage with Cordelia Hickox was celebrated Jan. 25, 1876; she was born in Oakland, Coles Co., May 29, 1850; her parents were amono; the early settlers of Illinois, locatinji in Edgar Co., in 1833.

GEO. GEYER, fiirmer ; P.O.Kansas; born in Muskingum Co., Ohio, May 8, 1832, where he followed farming until 1857, when he removed to East Oakland Tp., Coles Co., 111., and located upon the old Donica farm, where he commenced farming with a capital ot $25 cash and a team only partly paid for ; he immediately went to work making improvements, which he continued until January, 1863, when he sold his improvements for $500, and purchased his present place, where he has since Hved ; his first purchase upon his present place was for 1 1 1 acres, upon which he made a payment of $500, leaving a balance of $1,720, to be made in payments, which he met promptly; he has since added to the same until his home farm now contains 200 acres, upon which he has erected as fine farm-buildings as any in the township ; he also owns about ten acres of timber. He married Jan. 5, 185-4, to Mary E. Roberts; she was born in Muskingum Co., Ohio, Jan. 19, 1833 ; she is the daughter of Thomas Roberts, now living in East Oakland Tp.; they have five children now living, having lost four by death. The names of the living are Maranda C, Emma R., Elizabeth I. A., Arietta A. and William F.

PETER GOBERT farmer, and stockraiser, S. 19 ; P. 0. Oakland ; one of the pioneers of Coles Co.; born in France Oct. 17, 1821, where he attended school until 11 years of age,when he emigrated with his parents to America, landing in New York the spring of 1832 ; going to Bufi"alo, he assisted his fiither upon a farm until 16 years of age, when he emigrated West in the spring, coming by way of the lakes to Chicago, arriving there June 11, 1837; coming directly to Coles Co., they located in what is now known as East Oakland Tp., before the organization of the same ; here he engaged with his father farming until 1860, when his father retired from active labor, and Mr. Gobert assumed the management of the farm ; he owns his brick residence, with good stables and other buildings, and upward of 400 a?res of land, all under

I cultivation except twenty- five acres of timber. He married, June 8, 1843, Melinda R. Ashmore ; she was born in Kentucky March 22, 1824; she died Feb. 21, 1861, leaving five children now living, viz., Samuel, Charles, Louis, La Fayette, Virginia. His marriage with Matilda A. Roberts was celebrated Oct. 17, 1861 ; she was born in Ohio, June 26, 1835; they have four children now living by this union, viz., Ahce, Thomas, Napoleon, Frank. Mr. Gobert drove an ox team from here to Chicago in 1842, taking up apples and bring back groceries. In 1844, he drove his team to St. Louis, Mo., loaded with chickens and turkeys - the chickens selling at 75 cents and the turkeys at $3 per dozen.

SOLOMON HENDRIX, stock dealer ; P. 0. Oakland; born in Champaign Co., Ohio, May 13, 1820, where he attended school during his youth until large enough to labor upon a farm, when he followed farming for his father until he attained his majority, when, in 1842, he located upon a farm of eighty-six acres, all heavy timber, where he lived seven years and succeeded in clearing and placing under cultivation upward of sixty acres, the first year by hard labor he raised eight acres of corn and potatoes enough for his family use during the winter. In the summer of 1850, he came to Illinois, but not finding a location to suit, he returned to Ohio, and purchased a farm of 160 acres, which he worked for three years, clearing off" upward of seventy acres of timber, when he sold his farm and purchased the old homestead, living there until 1857, when he emigrated West and located in Edgar Co., purchasing 320 acres of land six miles north of Paris, where he lived until the spring of 4861, when, selling his farm, he engaged in stock raising and feeding and selling, confining his business mostly to sheep, which business he followed until 1866; at the above date he located in East Oakland Tp., and engaged in fiirming and dealing in stock, which business he followed for a period of eleven years, when he removed with his family to Oakland, where he has since continued to live. He owns his residence, and is interested in about 200 acres of well-improved and timber land. He married June 19, 1842, to Nancy G.

1823; died March 5, 186G, leavinj^ seven children, viz., William T., Mary E., Lucy E., Charles, John E., Joseph and Alice M. His marriage with Melvina Berry was celebrated Dec. 11, 1866; she was born in Clark Co., 111., May U, 1834; they have one child by this union - Raymond Hendrix. Mrs. Hendrix's father and mother are among the early settlers of Clark Co., locating there at a very early date, about 1829 or 1830 ; she has one child by her previous husband - Amelia Berry.

WILLIAM HUNT, farmer and Justice of the Peace, Oakland ; born in Coles Co., Ill, Feb. 11, 1845, upon the place where be has since continued to live ; he is the son of James D. Hunt, who located in Coles Co., previous to 1838, where he died July 3, 1856 ; the subject of this sketch continued upon the old homestead, and attended school and assisted in farming, until the decease of his mother, which occurred July 3, 1865 ; after which he purchased the interest of a portion of the other heirs, and continued farming upon the old place upon his own account, which business he has since successfully followed ; he owns 110 acres upon his home farm, upon which he has erected good farm-buildings. He was elected to the office of Justice of the Peace in the spring of 1877, for a term of four years, which office he now holds. He married March 3, 1864, to Susan E. Handley ; she was born in Clark Co., 111., Aug. 22, 1848 ; her parents were among the early pioneers of Illinois ; they have five children now living by this union - Justin H., born Feb. 11, 1867, Ruth T., born Sept. 24, 1872, Luviee B., born July 2, 1874, Sherman W.,born June 10, 1876 ; Alvira L., born Oct. 2, 1877.

MERRILL F. HACKETT, retired farmer ; P. 0. Oakland ; born in Lexington, Fayette Co., Ky., Sept. 10, 1821 ; he removed with his parents, when 8 years of age, and located in Springfield, Sangamon Co., 111., where he learned and worked at the trade of brickmason until 1841, at which time he removed to Charleston, Coles Co., and engaged at his trade and farming and stock-raising until 1 856 ; he then removed to the northern part of Coles Co., where he followed farming and stock-raising until 1875, when he purchased his present place of about thirty acres, upon which he has a fine residence, and removed to Oakland, where he has since continued to live ; he also owns G13 acres of land in Douglas Co., which he has rented. He married Jan. 22, 1867, Elizabeth J. Sargent; she was born in Coles Co., 111., March 22, 1839; her parents were among the early pioneers of Coles Co., locating in 1830 ; they have four children by this union - Snowden S., Gennella C, Lora E. and Florence M.

WILLIAM HOLLIS, retired farmer ; P. 0. Oakland; born in Essex Co., Del., Jan. 18, 1800, where he engaged in farming until 25 years of age, when he emigrated West, and located in Pickaway Co., Ohio, and engaged in farming until 1845, when he came to Illinois and located in Pldgar Co., where he followed farming for a period of thirty years ; in 1875, he purchased his present residence in Oakland, where he has since lived, with the exception of a short time, which he lived upon his farm ; he also owns a farm of 160 acres, upon which are good buildings, the same being now managed by his son George. His marriage with Elizabeth Lane was celebrated April 28, 1825 ; she was born in Essex Co., Del., Aug. 28, 1800; they have five children now living, having lost the same number by death ; the names of the living are George, Catharine, Henry, Erastus and Mary Ann. Mr. and Mrs. Hollis are the oldest couple now living in Oakland, Mr. H. being 79 years of age and Mrs. H. lacking but a few months of the same age ; their marriage was celebrated fifty-four years ago.

GEORGE F. HACKETT, farmer, S. 18 ; P. 0. Oakland ; born in Scott Co., Ky., Aug. 27, 1827: he emigrated with his parents, in the fall of 1834, to Illinois, and located in Coles Co., where he attended school during the winter, and a.ssisted his father farming during the summer, until 18 years of age, when he w^orked by the month during the summer driving cattle from Coles Co. to Wisconsin, and attending school during the winter for four years ; in 1850, he he drove an ox-team, overland, to California, going via the old Oregon route, by Fort Hall, arriving in Wearville, Aug. 26, of the same year, being on -the road six months and twelve days, leaving St. Joe, Mo., May 14 ; he traveled 2,200 miles without seeing a house or habitation, save three forts, which were occupied by United States soldiers ; he then went directly to the mines, where he followed mining, i meeting with fair success, for two and a half years ; when he came home, by steamer, via New York, arriving at Oakland, April 16, 1853, having been gone for upward of three y<>ars ; he then engaged in farming five miles from Oakland, which he followed until 1 858, when he purchased his present place, where he has since lived for a period of upward of twenty years. He married March 9, 1854, to Edna Pemberton ; she was born in Virginia Feb. 8, 1826 ; they have four children now living - Fred S., Anzonett M., William E. and Greorge W. Mrs. Hackett is the youngest daughter of Stanton Pemberton, one of the pioneers of Coles Co., locating here in 1831. L. M. HUDSON, farmer. Sec. 29 ; P. O. Oakland; born in Carter Co., Tenn., Sept. 5, 1809, where he engaged in farming until 24 years of age, when he removed to Jessamine Co., Ky., where he engaged in farming until 1851, when he removed to East Oakland Tp., Coles Co., 111., and purchased 200 acres, upon which he has since continued to live, during a period of twenty-eight years ; he has since added by purchase until he now owns 320 acres, upon which he has good buildings erected by himself; at the time of his locating here, corn was worth but six cents per bushel and pork $2 per hundred. He was married Oct. 23, 1833, to Sophia Rader ; she was born in Virginia July 22, 1808 ; she died Feb. 13, 1866, leaving five children now living - Lemuel, Minervia, Jesse, John and Mary Jane. His marriage with Delilah J. Rutherford was celebraiei Sept. 15, 1866 ; she was born in Dubois Co., Ind., Dec. 6, 1836 ; they have no children by this union. Mr. Hudson has filled the office of School Director four years in his district, and Road Commissioner the same length of time.

WM. HENDERSON, blacksmith, Oakland; born in Gurnsey Co.,Ohio, Sept 25, 1831, where he learned and worked at the blacksmith trade until the fall of 1858, when he emigrated West and located in Lawrence Co., 111., where he followed his trade until 1862, when he enlisted as a private in the 60th I. V. T., and went forward to battle for the Union ; he served with his regiment one year, when he was detailed as blacksmith in the Quartermaster's Department at Chattanooga, Tenn., where he remained until the fall of 1865, when he returned and worked at his trade at Marion, 111., and Terre Haute, Ind., until August, 1866, when he located in Charleston and worked at his trade until June, 1872, when he removed to Oakland, where he has since lived. He is President of the National Christian Temperance Union, and is held in high esteem for the noble stand he has taken in the cause of temperance ; he was elected Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Oakland at the last municipal election, which office he now holds. His marriage with Ellen Eaglan was celebrated March 27, 1871; she was born in Virginia June 2, 1835 ; they have four children now living by this union, viz., Francis, John, Edward and William.

LEWIS KEES, merchant, Oakland; born in Preble Co., Ohio, April 10, 1843, where he attended school until 16 years of age, when he emigrated West and located in Embarrass Tp., Edgar Co., 111., where he engaged in farming until July, 1862, when he enlisted in the 70th I. V. I. for three months ; he was sent to Camp Butler, Sprinacfield, where he remained two \ months guardmg prisoners, then to Alton for two months performing the same duty ; he was in the service four months * and was mustered out with his regiment in November, 1862. He then returned to his farm, which he worked until 1874, when he engaged in the grocery trade at Isabel one year, when his store and stock being consumed by fire, he met with a loss of i nearly $2,000, upon which he had no insurance ; he then purchased a farm of 160 acres, which he worked until May 1, 1878, when he exchanged a portion of [ the same for a stock of goods at Oakland, since which time he has added largely to tlie same, until he now has a full and com - ! plete stock of dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, hats and caps, notions, etc. ; his business card will be found in the business directory of Oakland, in another part of I this work. He married Aug. 29, 1863, Mary Ann Housel ; she was born in Edgar Co. Sept. 20, 1845; her parents were among the early pioneers of Edgar Co.; she died Jan. 28, 1868, leaving one child, i - Sarah J., born July 4, 1865.

R. F. LARIMER, merchant, Oakland; born in Scioto Co., Ohio, Oct. 27, 1838, where he engaged in farming until 16 years of age, when, coming West, he located in Embarrass Tp., Edgar Co., 111., and engaged in farming until 1856, when he went to Kansas for six months ; returning to Edgar Co., he purchased one-half interest in a saw and flour mill, which he ran until Sept. 10, 18G1, when he enlisted as private for three years in the 66th I. V. I.; this regiment was composed of picked men from the various Northwestern States, for their skill and accuracy in handling the rifle ; while this regiment was credited to Illinois, it was known in the army as the Western Sharpshooters; in tlie marches they always ltd the advance, and when engaged in battle, were detailed in squads to pick ofl^ rebel gunners, and many a rebel battery has been silenced by the unerring aim of this regiment; he was in many severe battles, among which was Mt. Zion, Ft. Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, Resaca, Lay's Ferry, where the regiment, being in the advance, fought its way for eightmiles, the regiment suS"ering severely in killed and wounded ; he was next engaged at Rome Cross Roads, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, at which place among the killed was a younger brother ; he was with the army during the siege and capture of Atlanta, after which, having served one month above his term of enlistment, he was mustered out of service ; he then returned to Edgar Co., 111., where he bought a saw and flour mill, which he ran until 1868, when, selling his mill, he purchased onehalf interest in a saw-mil! near Charleston, which he ran until 1872, when he sold out and located at Oakland in the drug trade, which he followed until 1876 ; in 1877, he engaged in his present business, which he has since successfully followed. While looking after the wounded at the battle of Corinth, he was made prisoner by a squad of six rebels, and, while they were taking him tu their camp, a squad of union calvary came upon them and captured his captors, taking them back to the Union camp.

JOHN R.LAWSON, lumber and building materials, Oakland ; born in Portsmouth, Scioto Co., Ohio, June 3, 1847, where he attended school constantly until 21 years of age, the last five years at the Portsmouth Normal School ; at the above age, he engaged in bo(jk-keeping for the Portsmouth Foundry Co., which position he filled for two years ; then, in 1871, he came West and engaged in book-keeping for Lawson & Burt, at Tuscola, Douglas Co., for two years, at the expiration of which time, he came to Oakland, Coles Co., and engaged in the lumber trade, dealing in lumber of all kinds, paints, coal, lime, cement, plaster, sash, doors and blinds, etc., etc. His marriage with Alice M. Cash was celebrated April 16, 1874; she was born in Oakland Dec. 31, 1854; she was the daughter of S. M. Cash, one of the pioneer merchants of Oakland, Coles Co., 111. Mr. Lawson holds the office of Town Trustee.

WM. LAND, farmer, Sec. 2; P. 0. Oakland ; born in Cumberland Co., 111., Jan. 19, 1839 ; at 7 years of age, his parents both died, their death occurring within a period of four days ; at tbeir decease, he came to Coles Co., 111., and, until 15 years of age, worked at difl'erent places for his living ; when he worked for three years by the month ; then rented land, and engaged in farming for himself for about four years, in Ashmore Tp., and in 1862, enlisted in tlie 123d regiment, I. V. I., in which he served his country until he received his discharge in May, 1865, a large part of which time he was detailed to do post duty, the last two years being at Nashville, Tenn. ; after his discharge, he went to Missouri, where he remained one winter, when he returned to Coles Co., 111., and, again renting land, continued farming until 1876, when he purchased his present place of eighty acres, upon which he removed, and where he has since lived. He married in September, 1859, to Emily Sublette ; she died December, 1865, leaving two children, viz. - Peter B. and Lucinda. His marriage with Lucinda Milner was celebrated Sept. 22, 1868 ; she was born in Vermilion Co., 111., Dec. 17, 1843; they have three children now living by this union, viz., Rebecca A., born Dec. 5, 1869 ; Malinda M., Dec. 19, 1870; Charles W., June 23, 1878, and one deceased.

THOMAS J. MOCK, fiirmer and Constable, Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Oakland ; born in Hocking Co., Ohio, March 22, 1845, where he lived until 1854, when he removed with his parents to Coles Co., 111., where he lived uutil Aug. 1, 1862, when he eulisted at the age of 17 years in Co. A, 123d I. V. I., and at once went into camp at Mattoon, where they remained until Sept. 6, when they were mustered in and at once sent to the front, going to Louisville, they joined the army of Gen. Buell, which had been defeated and driven to that point by the army under the rebel Gen. Bragg; marching South, he was engaged in the battle of Perryville Oct. 8 ; then to Mumfordsville, where, being prostrated by sickness, he was sent to the hospital at Louisville, remaining four weeks, at which time, Morgan having got in the rear of the Union army, he volunteered in a convalescent regiment, and went out guarding bridges, etc. ; returning to Louisville, he was forwarded to his regiment at Murfreesboro, Tenn., where he arrived January, 1863, and performed scout duty until spring, being in many severe engagements ; they were then formed into a cavalry regiment, armed with Spencer seven-shooter rifles, and attached to Wilder's Brigade, which was afterward noted for the good fighting qualities, daring and courage of its officers and men, being nearly always in advance upon any im])ortant engagements of the Army of the Tennessee ; in the spring, they led the advance in the two-days fight at Hoover's Gap, where, after getting the rebels fairly engaged, made their way to the rear of the rebel army, and, after cutting off their supplies and communications and destroying their railroad depots and cars and tearing up the railroad, etc., returned to help the Union army to win the battle ; they then went across the mountains to Chattanooga, where they were engaged for nineteen days skirmishing with the rebels, previous to the arrival of the balance of the Union army, and upon its arrival, the above place was captured without a battle ; following this, was the battle of Cliickamauga, in which the brigade suffered severely in killed, wounded and prisoners, and, after the defeat, covered the retreat of the Union army to Chattanooga ; Mr. Mock expressed himself to the writer as its being the first time he had even unconsciously been whipped ; they were then placed on duty guarding fords, etc. ; while performing this duty, the rebel Gen. Wheeler crossed above them to destroy their communications, when they followed them for two weeks, fighting continually, and, upon reaching Farmington, had a severe fight, in which his regiment suffered severely in killed and wounded, among the former being their Colonel ; after this, he went to Maysville, Ala., where his regiment was detailed in squads as scouts, which duty he performed until the close of the war ; he expressed himself as beins pleased with this arduous and dangerous duty, preferring it to the monotony of camp life ; after being engaged in the seige and capture of Atlanta, their horses were turned over to Kilpatriik, and they went to Louisville, drew firesh horses, and, early in the winter of 1864, went to Graverly Springs, Ala., where they were organized in a corps of cavalry under Gen. Wilson ; going South, skirmishing daily, until reaching Selma, at which place, after the 4th United States Regulars had made a. charge and been driven back, this brigade were dismounted and made the charge, when, after severe fighting, they captured the fortifications, in which they suffered severely, some of their men being killed upoQ the breastworks; they continued south until reaching Macon, which place they captured ; when hearing of the surrender of Johnson and his army, he was detailed in command of a force and sent out to capture Jeff Davis, traveling day and night for four days ; he heard of the capture of the rebel chief when within less than thirty miles of his camp ; he then returned to Macon, where he was again detailed with one other to learn the location of a. band of rebels, who were collecting horses, mules, wagons and other articles to take further south ; he made their camp, took supper with them, and, after satisfying them he was no spy by his papers as paroled prisoner of a rebel guerrilla force, he made his way back to camp, and at daylight the whole force was captured ; he was mustered out of service at Nashville, Tenn., and received his discharge at Springfield, 111., July 10, 1865, having been in. the Union army nearly three years ; returning home, when he followed farming until 1867, when he again engaged in the United States service, going with the army through some of the Western Territories as far as Ft. Union, New Mexico, having charge of Government stores. He re- moved upon his present place in 1871, where he has since continued to live, with the exception of a few months' prospecting in Nebraska during the year of 1873. He married Dec. 1, 1868, Nancy J. Dollar; she was born in Coles Co., 111., March 31, 1850 ; they have three children now living by this union - John T., Sarah E.. and Ralph ; Mrs. Mock is a dau2;hter of John Dollar, whose biography appears in this work, is one of the settlers of Coles

NALLIE R. MOORK, druggist, Oakland ; born in Morgan Co., Ind., Aug. -1, 1854, where he attended school until 11 years of age, when he removed to Mattoon, Coles Co., 111., where he attended school until 20 years of age, the last three years devoting his time to the study of geometry, physiology, and the other higher branches of education ; having devoted his spare time when out of school for the last eight years in his father's drug store, he now engaged in the same, where he was employed, compounding drugs, preparing prescriptions, etc., until May, 1876, when he associated with N. R. Duer, and engaged in the drug business at Oakland, under the firm name of Duer & Moore, continuing the same until March, 1878, when lie bought his partner's interest and associated with his father, which business he has since continued under the firm name of C. Moore & Son ; having been thoroughly educated in the drug trade, parties having prescriptions to be filled, may feel assured that the same, when prepared by Mr. Moore, will be put up by a competent and careful druggist. A card of his business will be found in the business directory of Oakland in another part of this work.

GIDEON MINOR, farmer; P.O.Oakland; born in Brown Co., Ohio, Aug. 16, 1818; he emigrated with his parents to Kentucky at 4 years of age, where he attended school and engaged in farming until 14 years of age, when he emigrated to East Oakland Tp., Coles Co., in May, 1832; his father purchased 120 acres of land in the timber, and after clearing the timber during the summer, died in the following fall ; the duty of raanagin<>; the farm then fell upon the subject of this sketch, who worked it until 1844, when his mother disposed of the above and purchased eighty acres of prairie, and the following year her decease occurred ; Mr. Minor purchased his present place in the spring of 1864, which contains 160 acres, and where he has since lived. His marriage with Nancy Powers was celebrated Nov. 25, 1847; she was born in Butler Co., Ohio, Aug. 30, 1830; she was the daughter of D. B. Powers, one of the early settlers of this county, and whose biography appears in this work ; they have one child by this union - George A. Minor, born April 3, 1849. Mr. Minor has held various township offices, and at present holds the office of Township Collector.

W. J. PEAK, physician, surgeon and druggist, Oakland; born in Warsaw, Gallatin Co., Ky., April 3, 1836, where he devoted his whole attention to his studies until he attained his majority, the last four years exclusively to the study of medicine, graduating from the St. Louis Medical College in the winter of 1860 ; he immediately commenced the practice of medicine at Warsaw, Ky., for a short time, when, in the spring of 1861, he located in Johnson Co., Mo.; during the summer, and in the fall of the same year, he went to Texas, where he was placed, from force of circumstances, in charge of the rebel hospitals at Ozark and St. Francisville, Ark., where he remained until the spring of 1862, when he was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the Union hospitals at Fayetteville. Ark., where he remained one year, when he received the appointment of Surgeon of the 14th Regiment, Kansas Cav-^ airy, which position he held until the close of the war, being mustered out of the service at Lawrence, Kan., in the summer of 1865; he then returned to Johnson Co., Mo., where he remained a short time, when he removed to Coles Co., 111., and located in Morgan Tp. in the winter of 1866. where he followed his profession until 1876, when he removed to Oakland, and engaged in the drug trade, still giving liia whole time and attention to his very extensive practice which ho has built up in this and adjoining counties, his drug store being in charge of a very careful druggist. His marriage with Mary Burr was celebrated Dec. 2, 1869 ; she was born in Momence, Kankakee Co., 111., Aug. 6, 1852; they have one child by this union - Maud, born Nov. 19, 1871. Mr. Peake has taken a deep interest in the cause of educa- tion. having filled the office of School Director for several terms ; contributes liberally to the churches, and is a member of the Wabash Valley Esculapian Society.

WILLIAM PARKER, deceased farmer ; born in Staffordshire, England, 1802, where he engaged in farming until 1835, when he emigrated to America with his wife, landing in New York Feb. 2, of the same year, coming directly West ; they located upon a farm four miles from Cincinnati, Ohio, where they followed farming until 1840, at which date they removed to Edgar Co., 111., where they engaged in farming until 1855, when, on account of ill-health, Mr. Parker retired from active labor, and, selling his farm, removed to Oakland, 111., where he lived until his death, which occurred in the fall of 1862. Their marriage was celebrated Nov. 17, 1834; Mrs. Parker's maiden name was Hannah Huslow ; she was born in Staffordshire, England, May 1, 1814; she still lives in the brick house built by her husband, and occupied by them during his lift. Mrs. Parker was quite well acquainted with President Harrison, he having dined with them upon several occasions previous to his election to the highest office of the nation.

WILLIAM R. PARKER, deceased farmer; born in Anderson Co., Ky., March 27, 1823 ; he emigrated with his parents to Illinois, and located in Edgar Co., in 1828, where he lived until 18 years of age, when he went to St. Clair, Co., 111., and engaged in farming two years, then to Minnesota, where he followed logging, rafting and milling for three years ; returning to Illinois, he, with his brother, worked at blacksmithing one year, when, in 1848, he engaged in farming in Edgar Co., which business he followed until 1854, when he removed to Coles Co., and rented land, which he worked until he purchased the old homestead, where he located in 1865, and lived until his decease, which occurred Feb. 14, 1873, at which time he owned 165 acres, upon which he had good buildings, and which he had accumulated by his own hard labor, in which he was nobly assisted by his wife, who survives him, and who continues to live upon the old farm with the most of the family ; they have since added to the farm, until it now contains about two hundred and forty acres of prairie and timber land.

He married July 15, 1848, to Rebecca Clark ; she was born in Kentucky Sept. 3, 1822 ; she emigrated with her parents and located in Coles Co. in 1828; they have seven children now living by this union - Francis M., Harvey B., John F., George W., Narcissa R., Charles J. and MoUie L. Mrs. Parker remembers vividly when coming to Illinois ; upon arriving at Grand View, the joy of the settlers at that point, was so great at the arrival of Mr. Parker and family, that they turned out and escorted them to where they first located, upon the farm which is now occupied by Mr. Thomas Roberts.

J. J. PEMBERTON, retired merchant, Oakland ; one of the early pioneers of Coles Co. ; born in Washington Co., Va., Dee. 5, 1814, where he attended school in winter, and assisted his father farming in summer, until 17 years of age, when he emigrated West and located in East Oakland Tp., Coles Co., 111., in 1831, in which township he has since lived, for a period of nearly half a century; from 1831 to 1838, he was engaged in farming, when he removed to Oakland and engaged in hotel-keoping four years, at the expiration of which time he engaged in the general merchandise trade, at Oakland, which business he followed until 1875, when he retired from the above business, at which time he was elected Justice of the Peace, which office he now holds. He held the office of Postmaster at Oakland for several years ; he was appointed assistant revenue officer for this district under the administration of President Lincoln, the position at the time being attended with much danger, from the feelins; manifested in some localities to resist the execution of the law taxing incomes ; his friends, who were numerous, often cautioned and tried to dissuade him from attempting to execute the law in localities where the worst element prevailed, but he knew no fear where duty called him, and performed the same fearlessly until the expiration of his term. He owns his residence, office and six acres of land in Oakland, with a large store, which is rented, also 500 acres df land under fence, and nearly all of which is under a high state of cultivation. His marriage with Clarinda Davis was celebrated April 8, 1838; she was born near Norfolk, Va., Jan. 9, 1816.

H. A. PEMBP:RT0N, farmer, Sec. IS ; P. 0. Oakland ; one of the pioneers of Coles' County; born in Washin<iton Co., Va., Aug. 22, 1822; he emigrated with his parents when cjuite young, and located in Coles Co., 111., ia November 1831, upon the place where he has since lived during the a period of nearly half a century ; he is the youngest son of Stanton and Sarah Pemberton ; his father died in 1838 ; seven years after his settlement here, and his mother died in 1850; after the death of his father, he and an older brother managed the place until 1800; at which time his brother died without family, and Mr. P. became possessor of the old homestead where he now lives. He owns 240 acres of land mostly under a good state of cultivation, which he has assisted to reclaim from its wild prairie condition. He married Nov. 14, 1850, to Elizabeth Hicks ; she was born in Indiana June 21, 1830. They have three children by this union - Sally S., Jackson J., Stanton C ; Mr. Pemberton has been School Director for upward of thirty years, and has held the office of Eoad Commissioner for the last three years in the Township in which he lives.

JAMES H. PIERSON, farmer and stock-raiser; P. O. Oakland; born in Warren Co., Ohio, April 6, 1847, where he engaged in farming until Feb. 15, 1863, when, at the age of 15 years, he enlisted as private in Co. A, 1 2th Ohio V. I., and went forward to battle for the Union ; he was in many hard-fought battles, among which were South Mountain, Antietam, 2d Bull Run, Winchester, Cedar Creek, Lynchburg and was with the 1 6th Army Corps under Gen, Hunter in front of Richmond ; at the battle of Winchester, he was wounded and sent to the hospital for two months ; at the battle of South Mountain a ball passed through his blouse ; at the battle of Lynchburg, a shot struck and carried away his canteen ; while scaling a stone wall upon the retreat of the Union army at the battie of Winchester, a solid shot struck the wall beneath him, which demolished the wall, broke the stock of his gun into atoms, and stunned and bruised him badly by the fulling stones ; a companion seeing this incident and supposing him killed, so reported to his folks, under which impression they labored until his return at the close of the war ; he was mustered out of service

' with his regiment in August, 1 865, at Clevej land, Ohio. After remaining in Ohio a short : time he emigrated to Edgar Co., 111., i where he arrived with a capital of 75 cents ; he immediately commenced work in a saw-mill at ^1.25 per day, which business he followed for several years ; he removed upon his present place in 1870, where he owns 160 acres of land under cultivation; 116 head of cattle, upward of 100 hogs, 120 head of sheep, and j 18 head of horses and mules, which he has accumulated by hard labor, energy and industry, being nobly assisted by the aid of his wife, to whom he was married May 18, 1870 ; her maiden name was Susan S. Brodie; she was born in Arena, Wis., Jan. 6, 1848 ; they have four children now living by this union, viz., Ollie M., Flora B., Jackson and William S. ; at the time of his marriage, he had neither money to procure the license nor defray the expense of the ceremony, the same being advanced by his employer, Mr. R. F. Larimer, a prominent merchant of Oakland, who has nobly rendered him assistance at different times, and of whom he speaks in terms of the highest praise.

DANIEL B. POWERS, retired farmer ; P. 0. Oakland ; one of the early pioneers of Coles Co ; born in Butler Co., Ohio, July 1, 1807, where he engaged in farming until 1836, when he emigrated West and located in Crawfordsville, Ind., where he engaged in the mercantile trade for about eighteen months, when he sold his interest in the store and removed to East Oakland Township in March, 1838, whore he purchased 180 acres of land, where he has since lived during a period of forty years ; he has upon his old farm upon which he lives, a fine brick residence, which he erected in 1846, making the brick himself upon his own fai'm. He married September, 1828, to Maria Hun nels ; she was born in Butler Co., Ohio ; she died April 17, 1861, leaving four children - Jonatlian W., Nancy, John and Levi ; his marriage with Phoebe Bates was celebrated Aug. 29, 1861 ; she was born in Ohio July 25, 1817 ; Mr. Powers has held the office of Justice of the Peace four years, and Town Collector two years in the Township in which he lives.

Oakland ; born in Gibson Co., Ind., May 3, 1829, where he attended school and engaged in farming until 18 years of age, when he taught school and studied medicine for two years in Missouri and Arkansas, when he cut a raft of lumber, which he took down the Mississippi | River to New Orleans, and, after disposing of the same, he returned to Indiana, then to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he attended i the Eclectic Medical School one term ; in the fall of 1852, he located in Pleasant Grove Tp., Coles Co., 111., where he re- ' mained until 1855, being engaged in mercantile trade and studying medicine ; he then engaged for two and a half years farming in Hickory and Okaw Tps. ; when selling out, he removed to Iowa, living there six months, when he returned to Cumberland Co., 111., where he i engaged in the merchandise trade and milling for six months, then to Indiana, where he remained until August, 1861, when he enlisted as private in the 58th [nd. V. I., serving as private two months, when he was detailed as Steward in the Union hospitals until the following year, when, on account of ill-health, he received his discharge. He then located in Douglas Co., 111., in 1863, and has since successfully followed the practice of medicine ; he erected his fine residence in Oakland in 1868; he also owns 2'^0 acres of land, a part of which lies within the corporation limits. He has taken a deep interest in political matters, first as an Old-Line Whig, supporting the Republican party from its organization until 1876, when he espoused the cause of the Greenback party, and, in 1878, received the nomination from the above party as representative to the State Legislature for the Thirty-second Illinois District and made the canvass, but was defeated. He married May 19, 1853, Eliza Adams ; she was born in Coles Co., 111., April 22,1836, her parents being among the early settlers, locating in 1830 ; they have five children by this union - John F., Kate Iowa, Lida, Lena Maud and William E.

JOHN RUTHERFORD, Cashier of the Oakland National Bank, Oakland ; born in Oakland, Coles Co., 111., June 21, 1844, where he engaged in farming and attending school until February, 1867, when he engaged in the dry goods trade with J. J. Pemberton, which business he followed until 1872; he was then employed as book-keeper for the banking firm of L. D. Carter & Co., which position he held until Aug. 1, 1874, at which time the National Bank of Oakland was formed and he was chosen Cashier, which position he has since held ; he was made a member of the Oakland Lodge, No. 219, A., F. & A. M., in 1869 ; was made a R. A. M. of Kansas Chapter, No. 125, in 1870 ; in 1871, he was made a Knight Templar and joined the Palestine Commandery, No. 27, at Paris; he was the 1st Chancellor Commander of the Orion Lodge, No. 74, K. P., which was organized in 1874, and of which he was a charter member.

D. A. RICE, station agent, telegraph operator and grain-dealer, Oakland ; born in Chautauqua Co., N. Y., April 4, 1847, where he lived until 9 years of age, when he removed with his parents to Pickaway Co., Ohio, where he commenced the study of telegraphy, living there three years ; then to New Lexington, where he lived two years, the last year, having charge of the telegraph ofiice at that place ; he lived in Ohio and engaged in telegraphing until 1870, when he removed to Illinois and located at Effingham, where he was engaged at telegraphing for a short time, when he changed to another station and was employed by that line for three years ; he then removed to Ohio, where he was engaged in telegraphing until 1876, when he came to Oakland and took charge of this ofiice, which he has since operated. He was married July 12, 1868, to Alice J. Hughes ; she was born in Hamilton Co., Ohio, Jan. 6, 1852 ; they have two children now living by this union - Eva, born Dec. 9, 1870, and Wilber, born Jan. 6, 1872.

THOMAS ROBERTS, farmer; P 0. Oakland; was born in Loudoun Co., Va., Oct. 12, 1802, where he lived and engaged in farming until 1830, when he emigrated to Muskingum Co., Ohio, and engaged in farming until 1860, at which date he removed to Illinois and located upon his present place in East Oakland Tp., Coles Co., where he lias since lived and followed farming. He married Feb. 7, 1828, to Alice Mock ; she was born in Virginia Nov. 8, 1808; they have nine children now living, having lost three by death ; the names of the living are Mary E. (now Mrs. George Geyer), Matilda (now Mrs. Peter Gobert), William H., Caroline (^now Mrs. James W. Titus), Castaria (now Mrs. Frank Taylor), Isaac N., Jane (now Mrs. F. M. Parker), John D. and Sherman W. ; the names of the deceased are Jacob, and two which died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Roberts have taken a deep interest in the cause of religion, having been active members of the M. E. Church since 1833, for a period of forty-six years. Their married life extends over a ceriod of half a century.

W. H. ROBERTS, farmer, Sec. 9, T. 13, R. U W.; P. 0. Kansas ; born in Muskingum Co., Ohio, Oct. 17, 184U, where he followed farming until 20 years of age, when he emigrated to Illinois with his parents, and located in East Oakland Tp., Coles Co., on Sec. 6, where his father, Thomas Roberts, now lives ; here he assisted his father farming until Aug. 8, 1862, when he enlisted in the 79th T. V. I., and went forward to battle for the Union ; going to Louisville, Ky., he joined the army of Gen. Buell, who had been driven back by the rebel army under Gen. Bragg; moving south, his first severe engagement was at Stone River, where the regiment suffered severely in killed, wounded and prisoners, he being wounded and taken prisoner, but was paroled on the field and placed in the Union hospital for two months, then to the Louisville hospital seven weeks, when he was sent to his regiment, at Murfreesboro, Tenn.; from there to St. Louis, and, upon being exchanged, he joined his regi- - ment at Chattanooga ; he was afterward engaged in the following severe battles : Buzzard Roost, Resaca and Allatoona ; he was with Sherman's army until after the capture of Atlanta, Ga., when he was sent to Tennessee, where, at the battle of Franklin, the rebels being defeated, he was sent to Decatur, Ala., guarding the river for several weeks, then to East Tennessee, via Chattanooga, where, after scouting several weeks, they were sent to Nashville and mustered out of service, then to Springfield, 111., where he received his discharge June 23, 1865, having been in service three years, lacking six weeks. He then returned to Coles Co., 111., and assisted his father farming until the following spring, when he rented a farm, which he worked one year, when be moved upon his present place, which he rented until 1870, when he purchased ninety-seven acres, and has since farmed his own land. He married April 24, 1866, to Mary Reeds; she was born in Edgar Co. Feb. 20, 1844; she is the daughter of J. W. Reeds, who located in Illinois in 1831 ; they have two children now living by this union, viz., Arminta A., born Dec. 28, 1868, and James B., born July 6, 1875.

SHERMAN W. ROBERTS, farmer ; P. O. Oakland ; born in Muskingum Co., Ohio, Jan. 11, 1852; he attended school here until 9 years of age, when he emigrated with his parents to Illinois, and located in East Oakland Tp., Coles Co., in September, 1860 (his father at that time purchasing upward of two hundred acres upon Sec. 6, where he still resides) ; he attended school here during the winter and assisted his father farming io the summer, until he attained his majority ; he then engaged in farming a part of his father's farm on shares for three years, when he bought 100 acres where he now lives, and located upon his present place in 1876 ; he also owns ten acres of timber, his home farm being all under fence and cultivation. He married March 26, 1874, to Sarah A. Dollar, daughter of John and Sarah Dollar, who are among the early pioneers of Coles Co.. and whose biography appears in this work ; she wa^ born in Coles Co., 111.. Nov. 1, 1852 : they have two children by this union - Sarah N., born Nov. 5, 1875, and Lillie A., born Nov. 22, 1877.

HIRAM RUTHERFORD, retired physician and surgeon, Oakland'; one of the early settlers of Coles Co.; was born in Lancaster Co., Penu., Dec. 27, 1815; his great-grandfather emigrated from Ireland in 1729, and settled in Lancaster Co., Penn., upon a branch of the Susquehanna, where, with his wife, he lived until 1755. when he removed to Great Limestone Springs, two miles east of where the city of Harrisburg now stands, and near which place a large portion of his descendants now live ; this grand old patriarch died 100 years ago, and lies buried in the Paxton Church-yard, the oldest burial-place in that country. The subject of this sketch was the eighth member of his father's family ; he was raised to heavy farm labor.

and at the age of 18, he commenced the study of medicine with an older brother, an eminent physician of Harrisburg, and graduated from the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in the spring of 1838 ; with $10, a horse, saddle and bridle, he set out to seek his fortune ; his first location was at Millersburg, Penn.; in the latter days of 18-10, he emigrated to Illinois, and located at Oakland, Coles Co., where he has since resided ; the practice of medicine in a new country is a work of great labor, when the calls are numerous and the extent of territory covered, as in this case, embraced half a degree of latitude and longitude ; the roads at that time, in this " Ambraw " country were mere deer-paths, and the streams were allowed to flow on their winding to the sea, unvexed by bridges or ferries, except such of the latter as a dug-out canoe afforded ; canoe ferriage, now one of the lost arts, was then a distinguished occupation in high-water times ; the traveler led his stripped horse in the water on the upper side of the canoe, taking for himself and saddle a position mid- way between the bow and stern; the ferryman, seated on the stern, paddle in hand, sent the unsteady craft across the stream, carefully keeping pace with the swimming horse ; the small streams had to be forded, in which case a high horse was a valuable help, but not unfrequently a glorious ducking was the result of such necessary adventures. The Doctor has been married twice, and has eight children living - two girls and six boys. He has now, from advancing years, retired from the practice of medicine, and enjoys, perhaps, as well as any other man, the fruits of a well S})ent and prosperous life. Of petty local public honors, he has had his full share ; village, town and school trusts have been his in plenty, seldom holding less than two ofiices at a time; as School Treasurer, he has held and successfully managed the funds of Township 14, R. 10, for twenty-seven years ; as Supervisor, he has represented East Oakland on the (bounty Board many years ; further, with a conscience void of offense, he trusts, with Grod's help as a heritage to his children, to at last go down to the dark valley like unto his fathers before him, without a blot or stain ; neither a great nor remarkable man, but one whom his cotemporaries will probably admit was not a failure and did not live in vain.

S. C. SWINFORD, farmer and stockraiser, Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Oakland ; born in Harrison Co., Ky., Oct. 4, 1825, where he attended school until 13 years of age, when he emigrated with his parents to Putnam Co., Ind., where he engaged upon his father's farm until 1844, at which time he engaged for two years farming on shares, and early in the winter of 1847, employed a team to transport himself, family and such goods as he was possessed of to Illinois, where he arrived upon the 17th of February, 1847, having paid out his last dollar to defray expenses on the trip, his only capital then being an old blind horse and two colts ; with this capital he commenced farming, renting of Robert Graham what land he could work with one team, in what is now known as Ashmore Tp. ; in the spring, he walked back to Indiana, and obtained of his father the loan of a wild horse, which he worked to get in his crop, when he returned the same well broke, and for four years was obliged to splice teams to put in his crop ; the second year, he rented a farm in what is now known as Oakland Tp., near where he now lives, and in this neighborhood rented land until 1855, since which time he has had all the land of his own he could work ; in 1852, he purchased thirty acres of prairie land, upon which he then removed, and where he has since continued to live during a period of twenty-seven years ; he has added to the same by purchase as he has been able, until his home farm now contains 200 acres, upon which he has erected good buildings ; he also owns upward of 600 acres in other parts of the county ; upon commencing housekeeping, he had neither table, chairs nor bedstead ; his household goods consisted of a feather bed and some dishes ; his first bedstead, fur which he paid twenty-five cents, being carried home, a distance of one mile, upon his back. He married Dec. 2, 1844, to Mary A. Rush ; she was born in Tennessee Oct. 31, 1824 ; they have eight children now living, having lost three by death ; the names of the living are Coleman T., Francis M., Henry, James M., John W., George R., Sarah E. and Thomas J. Mr. Swinford was first Assessor of East Oakland Tp., which office he has

W. H. SWINFORD, farmer; P. 0. Oakland; born in Putnam Co., Ind., Aug. 20, 1844, where he followed forming until 1871, when he removed to Illinois and located in Hickory Tp., Coles Co., where he engaged in farming until 1875, when he purcbased sixty acres of prairie land in East Oakland Tp., upon which he settled, and where he has since lived ; he also owns forty acres in Hickory Tp., upon which he has erected good, comfortable farm buildings. He married Nov. 10, 1867, to Mary A. Cole ; she was born in Putnam Co., Ind., Jan. 12, 1846 ; she is a sister of Richard Cole, whose biography appears in this work ; they have three children now living by this union, viz., Arthur D., James Matthew and William Theodore.

N. P. SMITH, dealer in books, station- ! ery, etc., Oakland ; born in Delaware Co., ' Ohio, Jan. 6, 1847, where he attended school until 16 years of age, when he re- | moved to Pickaway Co., where he attended school one year ; he then attended at Delaware City, where he entered the Wesleyan University, where he remained eighteen months ; in 1866, he located in Shelby Co., 111., and for five years engaged from four to six months during the fall and winter in teaching school, and the balance of the season farming and dealing in farm implements and machinery; he then engaged in the book and stationery trade at Shelby- ' ville with T. E. Lapham for a short time, | when, in 1873, he located at Oakland in j the above business, under the firm name of I Lapham & Smith, continuing the same for six months, when he purchased the interest of his partner, since which time he has continued the business alone ; his business card will be found in the business directory of Oakland, in another part of this work. His marriage with Minerva (iollogher was celebrated Sept. 30, 1869 ; she was born in Shelby Co., 111., Sept. 9, 1847 ; they have four children now living by this union, viz., Orrin L., Jennie, Edith and Lucy.

W. 0. SMITH, farmer and stock-raiser, also proprietor and superintendent of Smith's flour, feed and saw mills ; P. 0. Oakland; born in Champaign Co., Ohio, Oct. 8, 1824, where he followed farming until 25 years of age, when in 1849 he removed West, and located in Coles Co., 111., purchasing 140 acres of land, where he lived until 1869, when he removed to Oakland and purchased the .steam flour and saw mill, which business he has since followed ; he owns his mill and four houses and lots in Oakland, besides upward of 700 acres of land in Coles and Douglas Counties, mostly under cultivation. He married Aug. 3, 1843, Kezia Chance; she was born Oct. 19, 1821 ; she died July 9, 1872, at Oakland, leaving four children now living - John P., Benjamin F., Mary E., Theresa ; his marriage with Mrs. Mary E. Ashmore was celebrated Jan. 6, 1876 ; she was the widow of George W. Ashmore, one of the early pioneers of Coles Co. ; she has one son by her former husband, Charles C; Mrs. Smith was born in Ohio, March 30, 1830. Mr. Smith has filled the office of School Director for fourteen years in succession.

L. C. THORNTON, farm implements, Postmaster, Oakland ; of the pioneers of Edgar Co., 111. ; born in Washington Co., Ind., Dec. 15, 1825 ; he removed with his parents in 1829, being then 4 years of age, and located in Edgar Co., 111., where he attended school, and engaged in farming until Sept. 10, 1861, when he enlisted as private in Co. E, 66th I. V. I ; this regiment was composed of picked men from the various Northwestern States, selected for their skill and accuracy in handling the rifle; the 66th was known in the army as the Western Sharp-shooters, and was generally thrown out in the advance upon any important engagement, and was often detailed in squads to pick ott" the rebel gunners; Mr. T. served as private for twenty-three months, when he was promoted to Second Lieutenant, then to First Lieutenant, then to Captain, which commission he held at the close of the war ; he was with Sherman's army in his march to Atlanta, as well as the siege and capture of the same; he then made the march through Georgia to the sea, spending the Christmas of 1864 at Savannah, Georgia; he then made the march north through South and North Carolina, during whicii they had many severe battles, until they reached Morrisville Station. N. C, when his regiment was selected as the advance guard of Gen. Sherman when he went out to receive the surrender of Gen. Johnston; he then continued his march through to Washington, when, after the review of the army, he went to Louisville, Ky., then to Springfield, 111., where the regiment was mustered out of service ; Capt. Thornton was in the Union army three years and ten months, and while he escaped unhurt he had many narrow escapes, both of his life as well as being taken prisoner ; in one engagement the regiment lost thirteen commissioned officers ; at the left of Atlanta, he received seven bullets through his blouse, two through his pants, one through his underclothing, and two struck the scabbard of his sword, one of which broke the same ; at the battle of Fort Donelson, his regiment was detailed in squads to pick off the rebel gunners ; while performing this duty, a shell burst between him and another commissioned officer, which knocked him down and nearly buried him with sand ; he was once sent out with ten men and returned alone, the others being taken prisoners ; he owes his escape at this time to his presence of mind ; as the rebels advanced up»n him he made a stand behind a fence and commenced firing to alarm the Union camp, which so alarmed the rebels that they retreated with their other prisoners, and he made his way back to the camp of the Union army. After receiving his discharge, he located at Ashmore, Coles Co., 111., in the lumber business, where he remained until 1871, when he removed to Oakland and engaged in the above business, which he has since followed ; he received his appointment as Postmaster in December, 1871, which office he has since held. His marriage -with Annie M. Cox was celebrated Feb. 29, 1872; she was born in Ashmore, her parents locating there in 1832; they have three children now living by this union, Mary A., Annie L., and an infant, W. J. TEMPLES, farmer and stockraiser; P. 0. Oakland; born in Monroe Co., Ind., March 6, 1841, where he engaged in farming and attending school until he attained his majority, when he continued farming in Indiana until the latter part of the year of 1863, when he removed to Illinois, and located upon his present place on Jan. 1, 1864, where he has near 200 acres of laud all under fence and cultivation. Mr. Temple arrived in this township without means, and during the winter cut upward of 20,000 rails under contract, and the following spring commenced farming on shares for one season, and the following spring removed upon his present place, where he had previously bought forty acres, and to which he has since added by the fruits of his hard labor, in which his wife has nobly assisted him, until he now owns nearly 200 acres, upon which he has good buildings. He married March 15, 1866, to Susan Jones ; she was born in Champaign Co., Ohio, March 16, 1847; they have three children living by this union - Andrew J., John H. and William A. Mrs. Temples lost three brothers, fighting for the preservation of the Union; George W. Jones, killed at Pittsburg Landing, the others, William A. and Robert Jones, both died in hospital from disease contracted in the army, all of the above belonging to Illinois regiments.

JEREMIAH TITUS, farmer, Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Oakland ; born in Loudoun Co.,Va., Sept. 13, 1810, where he remained with his father, Tunis Titus, and engaged in farming until he attained his majority, and, for the first few years, worked at $5 per month, after which he hired by the year for $100 per year, which was the highest wages he received until 30 years of age, at which time he rented land and engaged in farming until 1855, when he removed to Muskingum Co., Ohio, and rented land until 1860, when he came to Coles Co., 111., by team in company with Thomas Roberts, and located upon his present place, where he has since continued to live. He owns 106 acres upon his home farm, which he has made by his own hard labor energy and industry, in which he has been nobly assisted by his wife ; Mr. Titus is now in his 60tli year and, although exposed to all the hardships and privations of frontier life, is now in possession of all his faculties, and continues in good health ; in 1872, he sufi'ered the amputation of his right arm, since which time he has not been able to attend to all the duties of his farm ; is yet able to saw the wood and attend to most of the light la.bor. He married, Oct. 2, 1837, to Susan Goodheart; she was born in Loudoun Co., Va., Jan. 6, 1817 ; they have four children now living, having lost two by death ; the names of the living are James W. (born

Feb. 22, 1839), Joshua Jonas (born March 21, 1845), John A. J. (Sept. 14, 1846), Eliza Jane (April 6, 1854) ; the deceased are Jacob J. and M^ry Virginia ; Joshua Jonas Titus, the second son now living, married Louisa E. Blevins April 2, 1868; she was born in Edgar Co., March 30, 1850 ; three children were the fruit of this union, one of which is dedeceased ; the names of the living are Martha E. (born June 18, 1870), "john (born Feb. 3, 18*75) ; the deceased was Sarah Jane ; Mr. Titus now manages the farm of his father, which duty he has performed for the past four years.

WM. TINSLEY, farmer, deceased; born in Anderson Co., Ky., March 10, 1807, where he learned the cooper's trade, which business he followed until 1831, when he came to Illinois and located in Edgar Co., where, after farming several years, he removed to East Oakland Tp., Coles Co., and located upon Sec. 4, where he lived until his death, and where his widow and two children still continue to reside ; his first land he purchased for $3 per acre, to which, during his life, he added, as he was able, until at the time of his decease, he owned upward of 200 acres. He married. May 26, 1831, to Sarah H. Reeds ; she was born in Kentucky, Nov. 30, 1806; she died Aug. 16, 1852, leaving two children now living, viz., Maria E. and Lucy K. ; his marriage with Mrs. Susannah C. Handley was celebrated June 11, 1853 ; she was born in Virginia Jan. 1, 1826; she has three children by her previous husband, Michael Handley, viz., Justin H., Malinda J. and Susan E. ; by her last union, she has four children now living, viz., Mary L., Martha M., Thomas W., George W. Mr. Tinsley died Nov. 24, 1860 ; he was held in high esteem by all who knew him.

M. B. VALODIN, llirmer and stockraiser ; P. 0. Oakland ; born in Portsmouth, Scioto Co., Ohio, March 28, 1828; at 8 years of ag6, he removed with his parents to New Madrid, Mo., living there until 1838, at which time his father died, when he removed with his mother and sister to Edgar Co., 111., where he engaged in farming until 1844, with the exception of one year in which he attended school in Paris ; he then went to Wisconsin, where he was engaged at work in the shot tower at Helena, six months, and followed mining the same length of time, when he enlisted for the Mexican war, at which time the Government having trouble with the Indians, he, with his regiment, was employed in Illinois, Wisconsin and Minnesota in removing the Indians to their reservation, until 1848; he then returned to Edgar Co., 111., and followed farming until 1849, when he removed to Coles Co., and engaged in forming and raising and dealing in stock until 1864, at which date he located in Oakland, and to the above business engaged in the dry goods trade until 1866, when he sold his store and was appointed agent of the Illinois Midland Eailroad, at Oakland, which position he held one year, and at the same time continued his farming and stock business, also dealing in lumber for one year ; he removed upon his present place in the spring of 1878 ; his home farm contains 455 acres, upon which he has good buildings; he also. owns twenty acres of timber and one block and seven lots in Oakland, upon which he has several buildings. He married, Dec. 30, 1849, to Sarah A. Redden ; she was a daughter of Wm. Redden, one of the early settlers of Coles Co. ; she died April 12, 1865, leaving seven children now living, viz., Mary F., Sarah A., Clara, John F., William A., Charles M. and Alice; his marriage with Mrs. Nancy J. Carter was celebrated Sept. 13, 1865 ; she was the daughter of Asa Amos, born in Ola'io, April 24, 1833 ; three children were the fruit of this union, one of which is deceased ; the living are Covington B. and Loring.

JOSEPH H. WINKLER, firm of Clark & Winkler, lawyers, Oakland ; born in Coles Co., Ill, March 14, 1851, where he attended school during the winter and learned and worked at the blacksmith trade during the summer until 17 years of age, when he entered the State Military College at Champaign, 111., where he attended nearly two years, during which time he worked at his trade Saturdays and mornings and evenings, from which he obtained the means to meet all of his bills contracted while attending the above College; he then, in the fall of 1873, entered the Law School at Albany, N. Y., which he attended nearly one year, graduating and receiving his diploma May 5,

1874; was admitted to practice at the bar of the State of New York May 8, of the same year ; coming West again, he was admitted to the bar of this State on Sept. 14, 1874; the following winter he taught school two miles south of Oakland, boardins at home and walking to and from his the spring following he went to Mattoon and engaged in the law ofi&ce of Horace S. Clark for several months, where he obtained more practical knowledge of law than in any term of law school which he had attended. He then associated with Mr. Clark in the law business and located in Oakland, his library at that time consisted of three law-books, his office furniture, one rickety table and two old chairs ; he now has his office in rear of the Oakland Bank, and has a fine law library ; has built up a very extensive practice. His marriage with Emma S. Crawford was celebrated Dec. 23, 1876 ; she was born in Crawfordsville, In^i., June 29, 1854; her parents removed West and located in Illinois when she was 6 years of age. They have one child by this union - Frank C.

H. D. WILLIAMS, firm of Williams & Carter, merchants, Oakland ; born in New York City Feb. 10, 1846 ; he emigrated West with his parents when 9 years of age and located in Edgar Co., 111., where he attended school and engaged in farming until August, 1862, when he enlisted as private in the 66th I. V. I., and was immediately sent to the front ; he was first engaged in the battle of Corinth, Miss., where his regiment suffered severely, losing fully one-third of its men in killed and wounded ; he then went to Danville, Miss., where he remained nearly one year, during which time they built a fine stockade ; he then went to Pulaski, Tenn., where he was placed in the hospital on account of sickness, and was detailed as hospital druggist for two months, when he returned to his regiment and was in the Atlanta campaign, which was a series of battles from the beginning until the siege and capture of the above-named place ; among the more important battles, the first was at Snake Creek Gap, May 9, 1864, when the 66th, being in the advance, fought their way for upward of eight miles ; afterward were the battle of Lay's Ferry, Rome Cross Roads, Dallas,

Kenesaw Mountain and many others, arriving before Atlanta in July, where he remained during the siege, which lasted until September following ; his next move was with Sherman in his march to the sea, where he arrived and spent the Christmas following in Savannah, Ga. ; from there he marched north with the army, through South and North Carolina, fighting a large part of the way until reaching Morrisville Station, N. C.,when Johnston surrendered, and his regiment, the 66th I. V. I., was the advance guard of Gen. Sherman when he went to receive the surrender of Johnston ; he continued his march through to Washington, and after the review of the army, was mustered out June 28, 1865 ; he then returned to Oakland, where he has since lived the most of the time, either being in business for himself or as clerk for other firms ; he engaged in his present business in 1876, which he has since successfully followed. He married, March 22, 1872, to Flora Troxell ; she was born in Coles Co., 111., Nov. 19, 1854; they have one child by this union - Charles E., born July 4, 1874.

W. B. ZIMMERMAN, farmer; P. 0. Oakland ; one of the early settlers of Coles Co., 111. ; born in Augusta Co., Va., Feb. 4, 1826, where he lived until eleven years of age, when he emigrated with his parents to Illinois, and located in Edgar Co., in 1837 ; in the fall of 1838, they located in what is now known as East Oakland Tp., near where Mr. Zimmerman has since lived ; he being the oldest son of Martin Zimmerman who emigrated from Virginia at the above date -VYith a family of nine children ; and the year following their arrival the whole family was prostrated by malarial disease with the exception of the subject of this sketch, who had the labor of managing the forty acres which his father had purchased, and the following spring found the family largely in debt; he remained with his father until 20 years of age, when he worked out five months at $9 per month, giving his father half of his earnings and being himself soon after prostrated by sickness, which consumed his own earnings for doctor bills and medicine ; the following year he worked out by the month at $10 per month, and having saved about $75, and owning a two year colt, he hired a horse to put in bis crops, and commenced farming on his own account ; in 1848, he purchased his present place of eiglity acres upon time payments, to which he has added by purcliase as he has been able, until he now owns about 800 acres of land, upon which he has good buildings ; he is also a stockholder of the Oakland National Bank to the amount of §5,000 ; all of the above being accumulated by his own hard labor. He married, March 1, 1848, Louisa J. Black ; she was born in Clark Co., 111., March 13, 1827 ; her parents located in Illinois about 1826 ; they have two children now living by this union, viz., Sarah L., born April 16, 1854, and Florence I., born Feb. 18, 1859 ; he has held the office of School Director several terms, and is one of the Directors of the Oakland National Bank, of which he is a large stockholder ; in 1842 he took by team to Chicago a load of oats which he sold at 12? cts. per bushel, receiving his- pay in salt, leather and groceries, the trip consuming about eighteen days; his father died in the fall of 1852, in East Oakland Tp.

JOHN H. ZARLEY, miller, Oakland ; born in Washington Co., Penn., April 25, 1819, where he attended school and engaged in farming until March 1837, when he located in Morgan Co., Ohio, and followed farming until 1848, at which date he located in Blackford Co., Ind., and engaged in farming until 1851, when he removed to Moultrie Co., 111., and engaged in farming until 1853, at which time he returned to Ohio and farmed for eleven years ; he then returned to Moultrie Co., 111., for two years, and, in 1866, he engaged in the milling business in Lovington, for one year; in 1867 he erected a mill in Macon Co., which he ran two years, and, in 1869, he located upon a farm for one year in Macon Co. ; in 1871, he again located in Moultrie Co. for one year in the lumber business, when he engaged in milling in Oakland, which he has since successfully followed ; his business card appears in the business directory of Oakland in this work. He married May 9, 1841, Euphemia Coddington ; she was born in Perry Co., Ohio, Dec. 14, 1822 ; they have three children now living, viz., Samuel. Abram W., and Robert H. Mr. Zarley has invented a corn-planter, receiving his patent Oct. 29, 1878, which supersedes any planter the writer of this article has yet seen; he has a full-sized one on hand for inspection ; it is the only planter in the market that cultivates the soil and drops the corn at the same time; he will sell State rights or allow them manufactured by paying him a royalty.

John Jefferson Adams

JOHN JEFFERSON ADAMS, farmer, deceased, Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Campbell ; owns 1,240 acres ; Mr. Adams was one of the early pioneers of Coles Co.; he spent nearly half a century in Coles Co., 111., and was one of the men who helped to change it from a wilderness waste to a land of- fruitful fields, of bursting barns, bending orchards and happy homes, and, therefore, deserves more than a passing notice ; he was born Sept. 30, 1806, in William.son Co., Tenn. Was married to Martha Gammil in 1829. On the 26th of October, 1830, he, with his wife and firstborn child (W. E. Adams, who was then 11 days old), emigrated to what was then Clark Co., and after twenty four days' march, pitched his tent near the spot where he died ; Mrs. Adams died in 1844, leaving six children - William E., of Charleston ; the next lived to be a soldier, who died in a hospital during the late rebellion ; Mrs. Brown, of Hillsboro ; Mrs. Dr. Reel, of Oakland ; Mrs. West, of Texas, and Mrs. J. S. Grimes, now of Kansas. Mr. Adams was then married to Nancy Caroline Dryden Jan. 29, 1845; she was born Jan. 23, 1821; died Sept. 2, 1854; he was then married to Sarah E. Dryden Feb. 27, 1855 ; Sarah E. Dryden was born Jan. 14, 1827 ; the fruit of this marriage was eleven children, six living, five dead ; the names of the living are William E., Elizabeth A., Eliza, Martha J., Margaret M. and David ; the names of the deceased are Mary J., James H., Mary D., Unity E.

and Johu W. David Adams was born in Coles Co., 111., June 26, 1849. Was married to Hannah J. Harris May 6, 1873 ; she was born in Coles Co., 111., Oct. 10, 1853 ; the fruit of this marriage is two children, one living and one dead ; the name of the living is Grace.

ANDREW H. ALLISON, farmer, deceased, Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Campbell ; owned 300 acres of land, which was left to the heirs ; was born in Mecklenburg Co., N. C, Sept. 20, 1823 ; came from Tennessee to this county when 13 years of age, where he resided until his death, which occurred Nov. 15, 186-4. He was married to Eveline Dryden Dec. 30, 1845 ; she was born in Bedford Co., Tenn., June 7, 1822 ; they have had eight children - Mary Ann, Emily Frances, Thomas L., William D., Nancy C, John N., Henry C. and Andrew B. Mr. Allison was School Director three years, and Justice of the Peace when he died. His father was in the war of 1812.

JAMES ANDERSON, former, Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Mattoon ; owns 133 acres ; was born in Monroe Co., Md., Dec. 25, 1825, and lived with his parents on the farm in Maryland until 7 years of age ; then went with them to Ohio, where he resided until the year 1846, when he went to the Mex- ' ican war, and returned in 1855. He was married to Lucinda Knight Dec. 29, 1847 ; she was born in Licking Co., Ohio, June 12, 1826 ; they have had eight children, seven ' of whom are living, viz., Mary Ann, Columbia, William H., Sarah P., Emma, Martha, Charles W. and one infant. Mr. Anderson enlisted in 1846, and went with his regiment to Mexico ; he was in the service thirteen months, and was in the skirmish at Ounsford. Mr. Anderson's father is a native of Maryland, and his mother of Pennsylvania ; the parents of Mrs. Anderson are natives of Maine. !

JAMES M. ANDERSON, former, Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Charleston ; owns 140 acres; was born in Lewis Co., Va., Jan. 27, 1835 ; engaged in farming until 22 years of age. He was married to Dorothy A. Leitch Dec. 27, 1860; she was born in Coles Co., 111., i April 16, 1842; Mr. Anderson has five children living and one dead ; the living are named Sumner, Victoria, Wesley, Emma J. and Fannie B.; deceased, infant. Mr. Anderson has held the office of school

JOSEPH ARMSTRONG, farmer and stockdealer, Sec. 9; P. 0. Charleston; was born in Pendleton Co., Va., Aug. 11, 1823; he lived with his parents, assisting his father on the form until 23 years of age, when he married Elizabeth Leitch, Sept. 2, 1844; Mrs. Armstrong was born in Pendleton Co., Va., May 23, 1815; they have had four children, three living and one dead; their nanjes are Charles E., Abel T. T., Margaret J., and Arametha L., who died. Mr. Armstrong has held the oflSce of Township Collector one term, Road Commissioner one term, and School Director five years. He was in the late war; enlisted in the year 1862 in Co, I, 123d I. V. I.; was in the battles of Perryville, Farmington and Chickamauga; served three years and was mustered out by general order. Mr. Armstrong's father was in the war of 1812. Mr. Armstrong owns 320 acres of very fine river-bottom land.

JOHN W. BAKER, farmer ; P. 0. Campbell ; owns 135 acres in Sec. 19 ; was born in Morgan Co., 111., Feb. 17, 1840 ; lived with his parents until the age of 6, when they died, leaving him to shift for himself; he emigrated to this State in 1861, settling in Coles Co. Was married to Susan D. Rodgers April 5, 1866; she was born in Coles Co., 111., Feb. 9, 1851; the fruit of this marriage is three children - Efiie M., Mary A. and Isaac W. Mr. B. has held the ofl&ce of School Director six years, and Commissioner of Highways three years. Was in the late rebellion ; enlisted in 1861, Co. B, 7th I. V. I.; served three months ; re-enlisted Sept. 25, 1861, in Co. E, 5th I. V. C, and served four months in that regiment ; was in the battle of Vicksburg, and several other battles and skirmishes. Mrs. Baker's grandfather on her mother's side was in the Black Hawk war.

JOHN L. BALCH, deceased, farmer and author; P. 0. Charleston ; the subject of this sketch owned 120 acres of land, on Sec. 14 ; willed to the four sisters who now live on the same ; he was born in Logan Co., Ky., Dec. 27, 1800, and died October 3, 1870. He lived with his parents on the farm until married, Nov. 10, 1829, to MeHnda N. White ; she was born in Sulli- van Co., Ind., May 4, 1808, died Jan. 5, 1805. Mr. Balch came to this county in 1830, and settled on the farm where the four sisters now reside, and remained until his death ; he was the father of eight children, six of whom are livins;, viz., Alfred B., Albina, Mary M., William, Martha and Angeline E.; deceased, Alexander H. and James. ^ Mr. Balch was a school-teacher in this township in an early day, and was an author of considerable note; some of his writings were published on the slavery question. He was a Republican.

JESSE BEALS, farmer. Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Mattoon ; owns 250 acres ; was born in Crawford Co., Ind., April 26, 1826 ; lived with his father until 1836, and then lived with his mother until he married, Dec. IZ, 1844, to Mary Ann Horton, who was born in Bedford Co., Penn., Dec. 4, 1 818 ; they have had five children, four of whom are now living, viz., Amand M., Emma H., Nevada and Frank W. ; deceased - Cary. Mr. Beals was School Director five years. Township Supervisor of this township one term, in 1866, and was elected Justice of the Peace, in 1877, which office he now holds. Mr. Bcals is a minister of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and has had charge of the Good Hope Church, in this township, for a number of years ; he has had several discussions on questions of theology, and has had one debate with the Rev. Roily Martin, of Danville, Vermilion Co., 111., one with Rev. Clark Braden, President of Carbondale University, and several other ministers of considerable note ; Mr. Beals' parents are natives of Pennsylvania.

GEO. B. BALCH, farmer. Postmaster and agent G. & M. R. R., Lama ; born in Bedford Co., Tenn., Nov. 1, 1828; his father, Alfred M. Balch, was born in Logan Co., Ky., Jan. 23, 1798. He was married to Elizabeth Gammil July 1, 1819; she was born Jan. 1, 1800; they left Tennessee late in October, 1830, and settled in Pleasant Grove Tp. ; their journey and settlement are fully noted in the history of that township ; they remained here during their lives ; Mrs. Balch died Dec. 29, 1855 ; Mr. Balch Dec. 2, 1856 ; the subject of this sketch, Geo. B., grew to maturity here, receiving only a moderate education. He was married March 19, 1851, to Margaret S. Walker, who was born in Tennessee, Oct. 1, 1832; they became the parents of eleven children, all of whom are now living ; Mrs. Balch died Nov. 4, 1875, leaving her daughters to fill her place ; the names and births of the children are as follows : Samuel W. (bo'rn Jan. 28, 1852 ; married Nov. 25, 1875), Elizabeth J. (born Sept. 18, 1853 ; married April 21, 1875), Ann Minerva (born Aug. 10, 1855), Thomas W. and Nancy M. (born Oct. 8, 1858), Esther R. (born June 20, 1861 ), Ellen

D. (born Jan. 31,1863), Minnie B. (born March 30, 1865), Eliza J. (born June 25, 1868), Robert E. (March 26. 1871 ), Margaret L. (July 3, 1873). Mr. Balch has just established the post office and station of Larna, both of which ofiices he fills ; it is the intention to erect necessary buildings, open a store and shop or two here, and start a town ; it is a good point.

GOTTLIEB F. BIDLE, farmer and blacksmith. Sec. 16; P. 0. Campbell; owns 230 acres; was born in Essling Co., Germany, Jan. 21, 1835; his parents died when he was quite young ; he came to this country when 17 years of age, and located in Coles Co., Ill, June 18, 1855, and was married to Sophrona Walker Oct. 30, 1856, who was born in Coles Co., 111., Sept. 13, 1839 ; they have had ten children, nine of whom are living, viz., Albert F., James H., Mary E., David, George, Louisa C, Joseph, Julia and Richard ; deceased - John C. Mr. Bidle has been School Director nine years, Pathmaster one term, and is Justice of the Peace at the present time. He was in the late war as blacksmith for the 123d I. V. I. (^afterward mounted).

JAMES GRAY BOVELL, farmer ; P, 0. Larna; owns 260 aci'es ; was born in Washington Co., Tenn., June 1, 1825, and came to Edgar Co. with his parents when only 4 years old ; he stayed there five years; then came to Coles Co., where he has since resided. He was married May 6, 1846, to Eliza Dryden, who was born in Bedford Co., Tenn., July 24, 1825, and has had four children, viz., Mary E. D., Nancy C, John W. and one infant ; Mary

JAMES R. P. CASSADAY, farmer, Sec. 10; P. 0. Campbell; was born in Edgar Co., 111., Auo-. 22, 1845; lived with his parents until 14 years of age, when they died, leaving him to shift for himself He was married to Catharine Edmond Oct. 17, 1867; she was born in Virginia Feb. 8, 1844; died Aug. 13, 1877; they had six children - four dead, two living ; the names of the living are Mary E., William H.; the names of the deceased are Jemima, Joanna, Sarah E. and one infant. Mr. C. was then married to Mary M. Neal July 20,1878; she was born in Cumberland Co., 111., Sept. 7, 1841. Mr. Cassaday has held office of Pathmaster one term, School Director several years. He was in the l^te war ; enlisted in 1863 in 11th Ind. V. C, Co. I) ; served two years, and was in the battles of Franklin and Nashville, and was also on the plains fighting the Indians six months. Mr. Cassaday's grandfather on his father's side was in the Black Hawk war. Mr. Cassaday owns 77* acres of excellent land.

HENRY CECIL, farmer. Sec. 10 ; P. O. Charleston ; owns 215 acres worth $40 per acre; he was born in Mercer Co., Ky., Feb. 15, 1826 ; lived on the farm, engaged with his father in farming until 21 years of age. Was then married to Hannah E. Robinson Oct. 7, 1847 ; she was born in Shelby Co., Ky., July 23, 1827 ; they have had seven children - Keziah F., Margaret J., Henry H., Mary R. E., Adda, Daniel E.,and John I., who is dead. Mr. Cecil held the office of School Director six years, and Constable three years ; Mrs. Cecil's parents were one of the first families of Virginia ; Mr. Cecil is one the best farmers in the township.

SAMUEL CHOWNING, farmer. Sec. 19 ; P. 0. Campbell ; owns 109 acres ; was born in Fayette Co., Ky., June 4, 1827 ; came with his parents to the county when only 4 years old, and lived with his parents until 18 years of age. He was married to Polly Ann McCann, in February, 1849 ; she was born in Logan Co., Ky., July 25, 1824, and has had nine children, viz : Nancy I., Rebecca D., Laura A., Mary L., Robert P., Rachel C, deceased, John B., Charles P., and one infant ; Mr. Chowning's father was in the Black Hawk war, and Mrs. Chowning's father in the war of 1812.

JAMES W. CRUME, farmer. Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Mattoon ; owns eighty acres ; was born in Marion Co., Ky., March 17, 1830, and lived with his parents on the farm until 21 years of age. He was married to Emily J. Maine, Dec. 29, 1856, who was born in Dubois Co., Ind., Aug. 25, 1834, and died Sept. 21, 1862. He then married Mary E. Reynolds Dec. 31, 1864, who was born in Coles Co., 111., March 29, 1834, and has had eight children, four of whom are living, viz., William R., Benjamin R., James H. and Emily 0. ; the deceased are L. D., F. C, E. 0. and one infant. Mr. Crume was Commissioner of Highways three years, School Director ten years. Township Trustee three years and was elected Justice of the Peace in the year 1870, which office he held for seven years, and is Township Treasurer at the present time.