Jersey County, Illinois - Chapter 26: Military History, 1919

Chapter 26: Military History

REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS - WAR OP 1812 - BLACK HAWK WAR - MEXICAN WAR - CONDITIONS AT BEGINNING OP CIVIL WAR - CAMPAIGN OP 1860 - SOUTH CAROLINA SECEDES - OTHER SECEDING STATES - PEACE CON¬ VENTION-ORGANIZATION OP THE CONFEDERACY - INAUGURAL OF

Others In Service Revolutionary Soldiers

Some of the soldiers of the American Revolution came to Jersey County early in its history, here died, and were buried in its ceme¬ teries. As far as can be learned, the following list comprises those belonging to this class.

William Gillham, a son of Thomas Gillham, who came from Ireland to Virginia in 1730, later removed to Pendleton, S. C. Pie espoused the cause of the Colonies, and with his seven sons, and two sons-in-law, enlisted and fought during the American Revolution. After the close of the war, five of the sons moved to the American bottom, locating there in 1802. In 1820, William Gillham, one of the original brothers, and father of John D. and Ezekiel Gillham, and father-indaw of Judge John G. Lofton and John McDow, removed to lands adjoining his sons, where he died in 1825.

Joseph Chandler was born in Vermont, September 10, 1753, and died at the home of his son, Hiram Chandler, in Otter Creek Township, October 4, 1844, aged ninety-one years and twenty-four days. He had his father were in the battle of Bennington, Vt., during the American Revolution, under General Stark. During this battle, his father was killed, but Joseph Chandler survived and served during the remainder of the war. On May 30, 1899, a tablet was unveiled at the grave of Joseph Chandler, in the Noble Cemetery near Otterville, Ill., and Hon. S. V. White, of Brooklyn, N. Y., who was married to a granddaughter of the old soldier, delivered an appropriate address.

William Bates was born in Pennsylvania in 1759. He served during the American Revolution in Col. Charles Pinckney's regiment, First South Carolina, from April to December, 1776. Air. Bates was pen¬ sioned by the government. After his death, he was buried in what is now Elsah Township, in 1848.

Jonathan Cooper was born in Maryland, but served as a drummer boy in a Pennsylvania regiment during the American Revolution. After the close of that war, he went to Kentucky, and from thence to what is now English Township, Jersey County, where he died in 1845. While he was living in Kentucky, he was pensioned by the government.

Josiah Cummings was bom in Connecticut, of Scotch parentage. His ancestors were pioneers of New England. During the American Revolution, he served under General St. Clair, and was at the battle of Bennington, Vt., and he also served under Anthony Wayne against the Indians. About 1790, Mr. Cummings came to Illinois, stopping first in Monroe County, from whence he later came to Jersey County, locating on section 11-7-11 in 1819, where he remained until his death.

The soldiers of the War of 1812 who came to Jersey County, and are here buried, are as follows: James H. Wedding, John Brown, Philip Grimes, Francis Colean, Henry Babcock, Horatio N. Belt, Jesse Watson, Aaron Trabue, Richard C. Fuller, Col. Josiah Askew.

Black Hawk War

Those, who later lived in Jersey County, and are here buried, who served in the Black Hawk War, were as follows: Brig.-Gen. James Sample, Robert Latham, Francis Colean, Gershom Patterson, Jonathan E. Cooper, John N. English, Jacob Lurton, G. W. Suttlemier, David Suttlemier, Jesse Watson, Thomas McDow, John R. Black, Thomas H. Chapman, and Samuel C. Simmons.

Mexican War

The soldiers of the Mexican War who lived and were buried in Jersey County, are as follows : Edward R. Brigham, W. Harrison Slaten, Samuel C. Ellis, Robert McFarland, George Martin, and James E. Suddeth.

In addition to the above, there were a number of men from Jersey County, in the Mounted Rangers, enlisted in 1820, to assist in the pro¬ tection of the settlers against Indian depredations. Among, and in that force, were Chauncey Brown, and his brother, Elam Brown, Cyrus Tolman, Col. Charles H. Gregory. These men all came to Jersey County from eastern states when they were young men.

Charles H. Gregory was born in Connecticut, May 28, 1797. His father emigrated to Ohio when Charles H. Gregory was a child, and there he resided until 1818, when he, and Chauncey and Elam Brown came down the Ohio River in a canoe, landing at Shawneetown, from whence they walked overland to Wood River, Madison County, Ill.

Cyrus Tolman was also a native of Massachusetts, who settled in Greene County, II]., in 1820. Later, he was married to Polly Eldred, and removed to what is now Jersey County.

In 1835, Chauncey Brown came to Jersey County, and settled on a farm in Mississippi Township, which he afterwards sold to Addison Green. In 1840, Chauncey Brown and Cyrus Tolman were elected commissioners of Jersey County. They supervised the building of the courthouse and county buildings and the title to the public square was conveyed to them as commissioners of Jersey County. Chauncey Brown was married to Adeline Gorham of Jacksonville, Morgan County, Ill., in 1825, and in later years, after his removal to Jersey County, on his annual trips to Morgan County to visit his former home, in company with his wife, he would drive from his home to that of Judge Cyrus

Tolnian and spend the night there, driving from Judge Tolman's home to Jacksonville the next day. When returning from Morgan County, he made it a point to spend the first night with Col. Charles H. Gregory at Whitehall, returning to his home on the day following. Thus, on these annual trips, he made it possible to have the opportunity of \ .1 ing with and recalling reminiscences of their early life with his two pioneer friends. _

In 1855 Chauncey Brown removed to Grafton, and in the fall of 1857, he purchased a farm and removed to Calhoun County, where he died in 1878, and was buried at Newbern Cemetery in Newbern Town¬ ship. Four of his daughters and one of his sons are still living, and two of them in Jerseyville, namely: Mrs. Delia Lurton, who is eightythree years old; and Mrs. Eliza M. Hamilton, the wife of the writer, who is aged seventy-six years. Mrs. Sarah TI. Squier, another daughter, and formerly a resident of Jerseyville, is now living in Calhoun County, aged eighty-one years. The other living daughter of Chauncey Brown, is Mrs. Lucretia Buckstuhl of Louisville, Ky., who is seventy-eight years old, while the son, Thomas Brown, aged seventy-one years, lives in Louisiana. The children of Cyrus Tolman are all now deceased.

Conditions At The Beginning Of The Civil War

The institution of slavery was always a source of trouble between the free and slave-holding states. The latter were always troubled with the thought that the former would encroach upon their rights, and nothing could be done to shake this belief. Compromise measures were adopted from time to time to settle this vexed question, but the fears of the slaveholders were only allayed for a short time. Threats of secession were often made by the slaveholding states, but as soon as measures of a conciliatory character were passed, no further 'attempt was made to materialize their threats. Finally came the repeal of the Mis¬ souri compromise, and the adoption of a measure known as the Kansas- Nebraska bill.

The provisions of this bill opened certain territory to slavery, which under the former act was to be forever free. About the time of the passage of this act, the Whig party was in a state of dissolution, and the great body of that party, together with certain Democrats who were opposed to the Kansas-Nebraska bill, united, thus forming a new party to which was given the name Republican, having for its object the pre¬ vention of the further extension of slavery. The people of the south imagined they saw in this new party not only an effort to prevent the extension of slavery, but one that would eventually be used to destroy slavery in those states in which it already existed.

Campaign Op 1860

In 1860, four presidential tickets were in the field. Abraham Lin¬ coln was the candidate of the Republicans; Stephen A. Douglas of the National Democrats; John C. Breckenridge of the pro-slavery interests; and John Bell of the Union party. The Union party was composed principally of those who had previously affiliated with the American or Know Nothing party. Early in the campaign there were threats of secession and disunion in case of the election of Abraham Lincoln, but the people were so accustomed to southern bravado, that little heed was given by the North to what it was thought was only bluster.

On December 20, 1860, South Carolina, by a convention of dele¬ gates, declared "that the Union now existing between South Carolina and the other states of North America is dissolved, and that the state of South Carolina has resumed her position among the nations of the earth as a free, sovereign and independent state, with full power to levy war, and conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and do all other acts and things which independent states may of right do."

On December 20, 1860, Governor Pickens issued a proclamation de¬ claring that "South Carolina is, and has a right to be, a free and independent state, and as such has a right to levy war, conclude peace, and do all rights whatsoever that rightfully appertain to a free and independent state. ' '

On December 26, 1860, Major Anderson evacuated Fort Moultrie and occupied Fort Sumter. Two days previously he wrote the Secre¬ tary of War, as follows:

"When I inform you that my garrison consists of only sixty effec¬ tive men, and that we are in very indifferent works, the walls of which are only fourteen feet high, and that we have within 160 yards of our walls, sand hills which command our works, and which afford admirable sites for batteries and finest coverts for sharpshooters, and that besides this there are numerous houses, some of them within pistol shot, you will at once see that if attacked in force, headed by anyone but a simpleton, there is scarcely a possibility of our being able to hold out long enough for our friends to come to our succor."

On December 28, 1860, South Carolina troops occupied Fort Moul¬ trie and Castle Pinckney, and hoisted the palmetto flag on the ramparts. On December 29, John B. Floyd resigned his place in Buchanan's cabi¬ net, charging that the President in refusing to remove Major Anderson from the Charleston harbor, designed to plunge the county into civil war, and added: "I cannot consent to be the agent of such a calamity." On the same day the South Carolina commissioners presented their of¬ ficial credentials at Washington, which, on the next day, were declined.

Other Seceding States

On January 2, 1861, Georgia declared for secession, and Georgia state troops took possession of the United States Arsenal at Augusta and Forts Pulaski and Jackson.

Governor Ellis of North Carolina seized the forts at Beaufort and Wilmington, and the arsenal at Fayetteville. On the evening of Janu¬ ary 4, 1861, the Alabama and Mississippi delegations in Congress, tele¬ graphed the conventions of their respective states to secede, as there was no prospect of a satisfactory adjustment.

On January 7, 1861, the conventions of Alabama, Mississippi and Tennessee met in secession conclave. Secretary Thomas resigned his seat in the cabinet on January 9, on the ground that, contrary to promises, troops had been sent to Major Anderson. On the same day the Star of the West, carrying supplies and re-inf orcements to Major Anderson, with her flag at her masthead, was fired into from Morris Island, and obeying instructions, turned homeward, leaving Fort Sumter and its gallant little band of heroes to the mercy of the rebels and traitors. On the same day, also, the ordinance of secession passed the Mississippi convention. Florida adopted an ordinance of secession on January 10, and Alabama on January 11. On the latter day, the rebels seized the arsenal at Baton Rouge, and Forts St. Philip and Jackson, at the month of the Mississippi River, and Fort Pike at the entrance of Lake Pontchartrain. Pensacola Navy Yard and Fort Barrancas were surrendered to rebel troops by Colonel Armstrong on January 13. Lieu¬ tenant Slemmer, who had drawn his command from Fort McRea to Fort Pickens, defied Armstrong's orders and announced his intention to "hold the fort" at all hazards. The Georgia convention adopted an ordinance of secession on January 19. On the following day Lieutenant

Slemmer was besieged by a thousand "allied troops" at Fort Pickens. Louisiana adopted an ordinance of secession on January 25. On Feb¬ ruary 1, the rebels seized the United States mint and customhouse at New Orleans.

Organization' Of The Confederacy

On February 9, a provisional constitution was adopted at Mont¬ gomery, Ala., this being the constitution of the United States, "recon¬ structed" to suit their purpose. Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, was chosen president ; Alexander H. Stevens, of Georgia, vice president, of the Confederate States of North America. Jefferson Davis was in¬ augurated on February 18, and on February 25 it was learned that General Twigg, commanding the Department of Texas, had basely be¬ trayed his trust, and had surrendered all the military posts, ammuni¬ tion and arms to the Texas authorities.

Inaugural Of Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated March 4, 1861, in front of the capitol at Washington, the ceremonies being witnessed by a vast con¬ course of people. Before taking his oath, Mr. Lincoln pronounced in a clear, ringing voice, his inaugural address, to hear which there was an almost painful solicitude ; the American people had awaited with irre¬ pressible interest. With that address and the administration of the oath of office, the people were assured, for all doubt, if any had previously existed, was removed. In the hands of Abraham Lincoln, the people's president, and himself of the people, the government was safe.

Fall Of Sumter

Traitors were still busy plotting and planning, as they are today, when this country is again in the midst of a great war. Troops were being mustered in in all of the seceded states. On Friday, April 12, the surrender of Fort Sumter, with its garrison of sixty effective men, was demanded, and bravely refused by the gallant Robert Anderson, the heroic commander. Fire was at once opened on the almost helpless garrison by the Confederate forces, numbering several thousand. Re¬ sistance for any length of time was useless, and, at last, out of amrnuni- tion, and scarred and scorched by flames from their burning quarters, the little band of heroic men were compelled to give up, and the na¬ tional colors were hauled down and were trailed in the dust, the dirt and mire not defiling them half as much as the Judas touch of those sworn to defend them. On Sunday, April 14, the news of the surrender was received in all of the principal cities of the Union. That was all, but it was enough. A day later, when the news was confirmed and spread throughout the country, the patriotic people were aroused from their dreams of the future, from undertakings half completed, and made to realize that, behind that mob, there was a dark, deep and well-organized purpose to destroy the government, rend the Union in twain, and out of the ruins erect a slave oligarchy, wherein no one would dare to question their right to hold in bondage the sons and daughters of men whose skins were black. The plans of the newly formed Confederacy, were doomed from their inception to sad and bitter failure, but it took years of the hardest of fighting, and the lives of some of the finest men to defeat these plans.

Call For Militia

"Whereas, the laws of the United States have for some time past, and are now, opposed, and the execution thereof obstructed, in the states of South Carolina, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas, by combinations too powerful to be suppressed by the ordinary course of judicial proceedings, or by the power vested in the marshals ; now therefore, I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, by virtue of the power in me vested by the constitution and the lawrs, have thought to call forth, and hereby do call forth the militia of the several states of the Union, to the number of seventy-five thousand, in order to suppress said combinations, and to cause the laws to be duly executed.

"The details for this subject will be immediately communicated to the state authorities through the war department. I appeal to all loyal citizens to favor, facilitate, and to aid this effort to maintain the honor, the integrity and existence of our National Union, and the perpetuity of popular government, and to redress wrongs already long endured. I deem it proper to say that the first services assigned to the forces al¬ ready called forth, will probably be to repossess the forts, places and property which have been seized from the Union ; and in every event the utmost care will be observed, consistently with the object aforesaid, to avoid any devastation, any destruction of, or interference with property, or any disturbance of peaceful citizens in any part of the country ; and I hereby command the persons composing the combinations aforesaid, to disperse and retire peaceably to their respective abodes within twenty days from this date.

"Deeming that the present condition of public affairs presents an extraordinary occasion, I do hereby, in virtue of the powers in me vested by the constitution, convene both Houses of Congress. The senators and representatives are therefore summoned to assemble at their respective chambers at twelve o'clock, noon, on Thursday, the fourth day of July next, then and there to consider and determine such measures as in their wisdom the public safety and interest may seem to demand.

"Done at the City of Washington, on the fifteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and Sixty-one, and of the independence of the United States, the eighty-fifth.

The last word of this proclamation had scarcely been taken from the electric wire before the call was filled. Men and money were counted by hundreds and thousands. The people who loved their whole country could not give enough. Patriotism thrilled and vibrated and pulsated through every heart, just as it does today. The farm, the workshop, the office, the pulpit, the bar, the bench, the college, the schoolhouse, every calling and profession offered the best men, their lives and their fortunes, in defense of the government's honor and unity. Party lines, were for a time ignored. Bitter words, spoken in moments of political heat, were forgotten and forgiven, and joining hands in a common cause, they repeated the oath of America's soldier statesman: "By the call until it seemed as if there were not men enough in all the free states to crush the rebellion. But to every call for either men or money, there was a willing and ready response. The gauntlet thrown down by the plotters of the South, was accepted ; not, however, in the spirit with which insolence meets insolence, but with a firm, determined spirit of patriotism and love of country. The duty of the President was plain under the constitution and laws, and, above and beyond all, the people, from whom all political power is derived, stood ready to sustain the authority of their representative and executive officers to the utmost extremity.

Settled as Jersey County was by many from the Southern states, it is in no wise derogatory to her that in the breasts of many of her citi¬ zens beat hearts in sympathy with the cause of the Southern confederacy, and that a feeling of ill will should prevail against the radical aboli¬ tionists. But to their honor be it said that many of these, who looked upon the movement of the South as being actuated by just motives, with a nobler patriotism, sank all sectional and political feelings in their devotion to the cause of the Union, and the "star-gemmed flag" of their country. Many of the citizens of the County of Jersey, and among them many of the most influential and respected ones, used every honorable means to defeat the election of Abraham Lincoln to the presidency, deeming that his defeat would be for the best interests of the country. But others worked equally hard to elevate the favorite son of Illinois to the executive seat, although a no less distinguished citizen of Illinois was one of his opponents. The vote in November, 1860, best shows the number of those who favored the election of Lincoln, who favored his opponents: for Lincoln, 910 votes; for Douglas, 1,291; for Breckenridge, 11 ; and for Bell, 105. In the minds of all it seemed impossible that the South would secede, and that this glorious republic would be disrupted, the majority thinking that when the excitement of the political cam¬ paign had passed away, peace and prosperity would continue. But when the sad news of Anderson's surrender was made known through¬ out the land, no greater indignation at the outrage to our flag, was be¬ trayed anywhere than in Jersey County. Political rancor was hushed, partizan feeling was swept away, and pure patriotism animated the whole people.

All throughout the long years that the dark cloud of war covered the country, the enlistment of men, the forming of new companies, the con¬ stant stir and excitement was kept up, and men, young, middleaged and old, pressed to the front. Many brave and gallant sons of Jersey County represented her in the ranks of the 11 4 blue-coated national defenders," men who stood in the red front of lurid battle, and always took a promi¬ nent part. Numbers of them laid down their lives on the altar of their country, and their bones enrich the soil of nearly every Southern state. From the Potomac to the Rio Grande, from Albemarle Sound to the Rocky Mountains, have their drums beat, and the ground re-echoed to their tread, and no more heroic soldiers led the van in many a stricken field than did the representatives from this section of the state.

The Contribution Of The Women

While the men were away on the tented field, the patriotic women at home were not idle. Although it was impossible to get the county to do anything in an official way for the relief of soldiers' families, many, as private citizens, thought it not only a duty, but a blessed privilege to render all the aid in their power. During the entire four years of war, we think but little actual suffering was experienced by any at home on account of the absence of their natural protectors, who were serving their country. Fairs and festivals were held for the pur¬ pose of obtaining sanitary supplies for those in the field, and Soldiers' Aid Societies were constantly investigating and relieving the wants of the needy at home, and in these movements then, as today, the women bore a leading part.

The following is a complete roster of the citizens of Jersey County who, in that trying hour of a nation's need, left wife, children and comfortable homes, and, shouldering the musket, went to the front in discharge of the patriot's duty. This roster is compiled from the Ad¬ jutant General's report, and other official and authentic sources. If there are any inaccuracies in spelling names, or omissions, the his¬ torian hopes they will be pardoned, as the rolls have been followed as nearly as possible, and no one has a higher appreciation of the "boys in blue," than the writer of these annals.

Seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry

Company F of the Seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry had the fol¬ lowing Jersey County men: G. W. Bickner, William R. Elliott, J. H. Becker, Christopher Camp, George James, H. W. Phillips, and William James.

Fourteenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry

The regiment known as the Fourteenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry was organized for thirty days under what is known as the "Ten Regi¬ ment Bill," and was mustered into the state service at Jacksonville, where it rendezvoused on May 4, 1861. On May 25 of the same month it was mustered into the service of the United States, for three years, by Captain Pitcher, of the regular army.

The regiment remained at Camp Duncan, Jacksonville, Ill., until the latter part of June, 1861, under instruction in drill and other duties, contingent upon the life of a soldier, but upon the date above, they proceeded to Quincy, Ill., and upon July 5, were transferred to Mis¬ souri. The officers at this time were as follows : John M. Palmer, colonel; Amory K. Johnson, lieutenant colonel; Jonathan Morris, major; and Robert P. McKnight, adjutant.

This regiment did some guard duty in Missouri, in connection with the Sixteenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. On July 16, the regiment marched with other troops, under the command of Gen. Stephen A. Hurlbut, to Honeyville, Mo., in pursuit of the column under Gen. Martin E. Green, and arrived at that town on September 1, dispersing the forces of the enemy, capturing James Green, who had lately been a United States senator, and was a strong fomenter of secession and re¬ bellion. The regiment then proceeded to Rolla, where it remained but a short time, moving thence to Jefferson City, Mo., there joining with the forces under Gen. John C. Fremont, and participated in the memorable

In February, 1862, the regiment was ordered to join the forces under General Grant, at Donelson, but arrived at that place one day too late to participate in the engagement. Here it was brigaded with the Fifteenth and Forty-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and the Twentyfifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, under the name of the Second Brigade, and was assigned to the Fourth Division, under the command of Gen. S. A. Hurlbut, of this state. In the meantime Colonel Palmer, having been promoted to the rank of brigadier general, and Lieutenant Colonel Amory K. Johnson, having been made colonel of the Twenty-eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Maj. Cyrus Hall, of the Seventh Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, was appointed colonel of the Fourteenth.

From Fort Donelson, the regiment proceeded to Fort Henry, where it embarked and was transported by steamboats up the Tennessee River to Pittsburgh Landing. Here, early in the morning of April 6, 1862, the regiment was called into line and marched half a mile to the front, where it met the enemy under General Prentiss. It was assigned a position on the left of the line, in Peach Orchard. The enemy imme¬ diately attacked it, but were repulsed; and it held its position from eight o'clock A. M. to three o'clock P. M., only then retiring under orders from Gen. S. A. Hurlbut, commanding the old fighting Fourth Division.

On the morning of the seventh, it held a position on the right of the line, and was hotly engaged until the battle closed and the victory was won. .During those two, long trying, bloody days, the regiment behaved nobly and was never broken or was driven back by the enemy, although often most heavily pressed, and this was the first time the regiment had been under fire. They sustained a loss of nearly one-half of the command present, and their colors, which came out of the conflict with forty-two bullet holes through them, fully attest the fierceness of the combat and the gallantry of the men in that memorable struggle. All the historians of this fearfully contested field highly compliment this noble band of heroes, who that day distinguished themselves in a most ter¬ rible sacrifice. In the grand charge on the seventh which was the con¬ summation of that splendid victory wrested from the arms of defeat, the Fourteenth Illinois was in the advance, and was led by Colonel Hall. In the official report of General Veach, commander of the brigade, he used the following words in speaking of this favorite body of men : "Colonel Hall, of the Fourteenth Illinois, led with his regiment that

The regiment, also, took an active part in the siege of Corinth, during the month of May, 1862, and after the evacuation of that place by General Bragg, they went to Memphis, Tenn., and thence to Bolivar.

On October 4, 1862, the gallant Fourth Division, under General ITurlbut, was ordered to proceed to Corinth, as a forlorn hope, to relieve the beleaguered garrison of that place, but Rosecrans, before Corinth was reached, had already severely punished the enemy, and the "forlorn hope" met its adversary at the village of Metamora, on the River Hatchie. After eight hours hard fighting, a glorious victory was gained, in which the Fourteenth Illinois sustained most nobly the reputation gained at Shiloh and Pittsburg Landing. The regiment constituted a part of the right wing of Grant's army in the march into northern Mississippi, through Holly Springs, to Yocena Patalfa, under the imme¬ diate command of General McPherson. General Yan Dorn, of the Con¬ federate army, having captured Holly Springs, with its large amount of army stores, and Gen. AY. T. Sherman being unable to effect a dislodgement of the enemy from Yicksburg, Grant's army was compelled to retreat, and January 18, 1863, the Fourteenth Illinois Regiment went into winter quarters at LaFayette, Tenn.

Early in the spring of 1863, the regiment was ordered to the lines in front of Yicksburg, and took part in the siege of that stronghold, until its fall, July 4, 1863. After then, the command took part in the ex¬ pedition to Jackson, Miss., remaining there until the evacuation of that city. In August of that year, it proceeded to Natchez, and formed part of the force that marched across the swamps of northeastern Louisiana to Harrisonburg on the Ouachita River, and captured Fort Beauregard, where, the spring previous, the ram, "Queen of the West," had been sunk. It also took part in the famous Meridian campaign under Gen¬ eral Sherman, and on its return from that expedition, the regiment, or a large part of it, veteranized, although its time would have expired in a short period. After a short period of furlough to the beloved northland, they returned to the field refreshed, and anxious for the fray.

Gen. W. T. Sherman, with a force numbering a little less than 100,000 men, with 254 guns, in the spring of 1864, started on his ever memorable campaign to penetrate the heart of the Confederacy, draw off the attention of a large portion of the forces of the south, so that they could not reinforce the hard pressed army of Yirginia.. The country to be traversed was almost chaotic in its upheaval. Rugged mountains, deep, narrow ravines, thick, primitive woods, crossed by narrow, illmade roads, succeeded each other for forty miles, when a like distance of comparatively open country intervened, only to be succeeded by an¬ other difficult region of mountains and ravines and passes, reaching nearly to the Chattahoochie River, across which, eight miles distant, lay the important city of Atlanta. The gallant band of heroes called the Fourteenth Illinois Infantry, still under the command of Colonel Hall, participated in all of the movements and engagements that led up to the siege of Atlanta, and honorably acquitted themselves in every place they were called upon to act the part of men.

While before Atlanta, the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Illinois regi¬ ments, which had been together from the autumn of 1862, sharers of each others' sorrows and joys, weary marches and honorably earned laurels, were consolidated into the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Illinois Veteran Battery, and were detailed to guard the railroad communica¬ tions at or near Ackworth, Ga., a most important and dangerous duty, as this was the only route by which the supplies for Sherman's army could be brought, and upon the preservation of which depended the subsistence and ammunition of this immense host. In this campaign, when the Confederate general Hood made his demonstration against the rear of Sherman's army, a large number of the battalion were killed, and a large part of the balance captured and sent to Andersonville prison pen. Those who escaped capture were mounted and accompanying Sherman on the ever memorable March to the Sea, acted as scouts, and were continually in the advance. They were the first to drive the Confederate pickets into Savannah, Ga. During, the long and weary march through North and South Carolina, this battalion was on duty day and night, being constantly in the presence of the enemy, and gained great notoriety as skillful scouts and skirmishers. They were the first to enter Cheraw, S. C., and later Fayetteville, N. C., and took part in the battle of Bennington, N. C.

At Goldsboro, N. C., the battalion organization was discontinued, a sufficient number of organized recruits, of the one year men, having arrived by way of New York and Morehead City, N. C., to fill up the two regiments. Colonel Hall was again assigned to the command of his old regiment, the Fourteenth. After the capitulation of Johnston, the regiment marched to Washington, D. C., where it participated in the well remembered Review.

K3'., thence by river to Fort Leavenworth, Kas. From this place they marched to Fort Kearney, Neb., and then back. It was mustered out at Fort Leavenworth, Kas., September 16, 1865, and arrived at Springfield, 111., where the men received their discharge. The aggregate number of men who belonged to this favorite regiment was 1,980, and only 480 were mustered out.

During the four years and four months of arduous service, this regiment marched 4,490 miles, traveled by rail 2,330 miles, and by river 4,490 miles, making in all a grand total of 11,670 miles.

The men from Jersey County who served in the Fourteenth regi¬ ment were as follows : Company F, captains, M. S. Littlefield, and John D. Moore; first lieutenants, William H. Scott, T. H. Simmons, and I. B. Stafford; sergeants, A. W. Mendenhall, J. A. Davis, William H. Patton, I. B. Stafford, and T. H. Leonard; corporals, J. M. Drew, J. A. Eberman, J. W. Smith, G. R. Pinekard, R. R. Aullabaugh, William, Catt, J. H. Umphreys, and Brook Stafford; musicians, George Adams and D. P. Smutz. The privates were as follows : George Arkebauer, J. D. Beck, J. L. Brockus, W. W. Berry, Jackson Davis, W. J. Elliott, M. W. Free, O. S. Greene, Franklin Hoag, John Halloran, Alonzo James, S. B. Leonard, T. S. Milliken, Newton Miller, John

T. A. Price, Alexander Roland, James Rowdan, A. P. Richards, David Stover, S. C. Smith, Jr., G. W. Taylor, Nathaniel Ware, Emory Brewer, G. L. Bigelow, David Gosling, Herman Heberick, J. Q. Jennings, Matthew Loran, Asbury Mott, Patrick Murry, James Moore, C. F. Miner, S. S. Price, Moses Roady, W. P. Randle, John Smith, Patrick Tracy and J. R. Barnes. In Company D, Fourteenth Regiment there were two privates, J. L. Leonard, and J. R. McGuire. In Company E, there were two men, Stephen Della Celia and Barney McDonald.

Eighteenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry Twenty-Second Illinois Volunteer Infantry

In Company B, Twenty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry, there were the following Jersey County men : W. H. Edsall, W. A. Butler, John Moore, W. D. Wadlington, Angus McPherson, James F. Crissup, William Sackett and S. E. Jones.

Twenty-Seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry

1861, and ordered to Jacksonville, as a part of the brigade of Gen. John A. McClernard. The officers of the regiment were as follows : Colonel, Napoleon B. Buford ; lieutenant colonel, Frazillo A. Harring¬ ton ; major, Hall Wilson; adjutant, Henry A. Rust.

On September 1, 1861, the regiment proceeded under orders to Cairo, where three additional companies were added, and all moved to the scene of hostilities, and first smelt powder at Belmont, on Novem¬ ber 7, 1861. where the regiment bore a. prominent part and suffered heavily. On the evacuation of Columbus, Ky., the Twenty-seventh was sent there to do garrison duty. On March 14, 1862, in company with the Forty-second Illinois, the Eighteenth Wisconsin, and parts of the Second Illinois Light Artillery and the Second Illinois Cavalry, it was formed into what was called the Mississippi flotilla, started down the Mississippi River, and remained during the siege of Island No. 10, the Twenty-seventh being the first federal force to land upon the island after its capture.

After crossing the river, the regiment was moved to Fort Pillow, but was recalled and ordered to Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., and was engaged in the siege of Corinth and the battle of Farmington, May 9,

1862, and followed in pursuit of the enemy to Booneville. It then retraced its steps to Corinth, where it remained for some time. In July, 1862, the regiment received orders to proceed to Iuka, and soon afterwards was distributed along the line of the Memphis and Charles¬ ton Railroad, where it remained until the early part of September, when it crossed the Tennessee River, at Decatur, Ala., under the com¬ mand of Maj. Gen. John M. Palmer, and pushing on made a rapid and forced march to Nashville, Term., where it arrived September 12, and where it remained during the time it was cut off from communication with the north.

The Twenty-seventh was also with the advance from Nashville, Tenn., and particularly distinguished itself at the battle of Stone River. On June 24, 1863, it moved with the army against Shelby ville and Tullahoma, and thence to Bridgeport, Ala. On September 2, the corps crossed the Tennessee River, and moved down- toward Rome, Ga., below Chattanooga and returned in time to take part in the pursuit of Bragg. For some time General Rosecrans had been gathering a large body of men at Nashville, and had, by threatening the line of communication, caused Gen. Braxton Bragg to evacuate Chattanooga, September 8. General Rosecrans, under the impression that General Bragg's forces in retreat were demoralized, pushed on in his rear, but the Confederate commander, who was an able one, receiving heavy reinforcements, turned and met his pursuer. This he did with so much suddenness and ferocity, that the Union forces narrowly escaped being cut up in detail, as they were scattered along the line forty miles in length. General Rosecrans, who was on hand, rapidly concentrated his forces, and the two armies met at Chickamauga Creek.

The first day's engagement, although a hot one, was indecisive, and on the second day, September 20, 1863, dawn had scarcely come ere the roar of artillery, and the sharp rattle of musketry awoke the slumbering echoes of the " River of Death," the Indian name of the creek bearing that interpretation. All the forenoon the battle raged with unparalleled fury, but about noon the federal line was broken for a few moments by the passing of troops to the then hard pressed left. General Longstreet, of the Confederate army, seized the oppor¬ tunity, and, hurling the necessary forces on the weakened center, soon swept it and the right wing from the field. The demoralized fugitives, in their headlong flight, carried off General Rosecrans with them. All now depended upon General Thomas, who had command of the left wing, which yet stood steadfast.

Ail through that long afternoon, the Confederate army surged around that band of heroes, a body of brave men, commanded by as brave a general, who, by the firmness of their front, earned for General Thomas the proud sobriquet of the "Rock of Chickamauga." The Twenty-seventh suffered severely during the fight, and with the balance of the army fell back to Chattanooga, where it remained during the investment of that place, for Bragg, following the retreating forces,.

Grant was now appointed to supersede General Roseerans, and hastened to Chattanooga, but being afraid that General Thomas, who commanded after Roseerans had left, would surrender before re-enforcements could reach him, telegraphed him to hold fast. The old Roman's reply was, "I will stay until I starve." On Grant's arrival things began to wear a different aspect. A corps from the Army of the Potomac, 23,000 strong, came, commanded by Gen. Joseph Hooker, and Gen. W. T. Sherman hastened by forced marches from Iuka, 200 miles away, and communications were again restored.

On November 24, the Twenty-seventh was ordered on duty, and helped fight what will ever be the memorable battle of Lookout Mountain. General Hooker was ordered to charge the enemy, but to stop on high ground, but the men, carried away by the ardor of the attack, swept on, over the crest, driving the enemy before them. The next morning Hooker advanced on the south of Missionary Ridge. Sherman had been the whole time pounding away on the northern flank, and Grant, perceiving that the enemy line in front of him was weakening to repel these attacks on the flank, saw that the critical moment had arrived, and launched Sherman's corps on the center.

"The signals for the attack had been arranged," says B. F. Taylor, in his account of the battle, "six cannon shoes fired at intervals of two seconds. The moment arrived. Strong and steady the order rang out : 'No. 1 fire! No. 2 fire! No. 3 fire!' It seemed to me like the toll¬ ing of the clock of destiny. And when at ' No. 6 fire, ' the roar throbbed out with the flash, you should have seen the dead line, that had been lying behind the works all day, come to resurrection in the twinkling of an eye, and leap like a blade from its scabbard."

The orders were to take the rifle pits at the foot of Missionary Ridge, then halt and reform ; but the men forgot all orders, and carrying the works at the base, swept up the ascent. Grant caught the grand inspiration, and ordered a charge along the whole front. Up they went, without firing a shot, over rocks, trees, and stumps, surmounted the crest, captured the guns, and turned them upon the enemy, now fully routed and in disorderly retreat. Although the Twenty-seventh held its accustomed place in these battles, it lost only a few men.

From Missionary Ridge, the regiment was called upon to make a forced march to the relief of Knoxville, then closely pressed by the Confederate forces under General Longstreet, but by the time it reached the beleaguered city, the enemy had been repulsed. It then returned to Loudon, Tenn., arriving there January 25, 1864, and going into camp, remained there until April 18, when orders were received that caused it to move to Cleveland, Tenn. While at this place General Sherman was collecting his forces and organizing his army for the descent upon Atlanta, and the subsequent March to the Sea, and the Twentyseventh Illinois was ordered to join the invading force, which it did. At Rocky Face Ridge, May 9; Resaca, May 14; Calhoun, May 16; Adairsville, May 17 ; Dallas, May 26 to June 4, Pine Top Mountain, June 10 to June 14; Mud Creek, June 18, and at Kenesaw Mountain, this gallant regiment performed prodigies of valor and wrung from a defeated enemy the highest encomiums.

At tlie battle of Peach Tree Creek, July 20, the Twenty-seventh was in line, and to quote the words of Greeley in his history of the war: "These soldiers stood as still as though bullet-proof . " The regiment was relieved from duty at the front, August 25, 1864, and ordered to Springfield, Ill., for mustering out, but was detained for a couple of daj^s at Nashville, Tenn., on the way home on account of apprehensions felt in that city, of an attack by the cavalry columns under General Wheeler. It then proceeded to the capital of Illinois, where it was mustered out September 25, 1864.

During the term of service it had the following casualties: Killed or died of wounds, 102; died of disease, eighty; number of wounded. 328 ; discharged and resigned, 209 ; transferred, thirty-nine. The veterans and recruits of the Twenty-seventh were consolidated with the Ninth Illinois Infantry, on their comrades leaving for home.

Thirty-First Illinois Volunteer Infantry Thirty-Second Illinois Volunteer Infantry

Jersey County was represented in Company D, Thirty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry by the following men: Corporal, J. E. Han¬ nah ; and privates Henry Hardy, William Pickett, and Fields Strapps.

Thirty-Third Illinois Volunteer Infantry

The men from Jersey County in the Thirty-third Illinois Volunteer Infantry were in Company C, and as follows : J. C. Bailey, Leander Curtiss, J. K. P. Kennedy, J. H. Land, J. S. Malott, Jeremiah O'Don¬ nell, M. E. Stringham, J. L. AVilson, IT. W. Beck. Linus ITumiston, J. W. Lucas, J. A. McGee, Robert Murphy, II. H. Sisson, H. C. Terry, and James Whitaker.

Forty-Seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry

Jersey County's contribution of the ranks of the Forty-seventh Illi¬ nois Volunteer Infantry were Rufus Marks of Company F ; and Patrick O'Brian of Company K.

Fifty-Third Illinois Volunteer Infantry

There were two men from Jersey County serving in the Fifty-third Illinois AMlunteer Infantry, namely: Joel Andrews and John Arbogast both of Company C.

Forty-Ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry

The men from Jersey County in the Forty-ninth Illinois \rolunteer Infantry were in Company G, and as follows : Second lieutenant, Joseph Lucas; sergeant, Joseph Lucas; corporal, Henry Spangle; and privates, John Egan and William Gibbs.

Fifty-Ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry

Jersey County's contingent in the Fifty-ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry were in Company I, and as follows: Jacob Luba, Alonzo Macumber, Alonzo Perry, and Isaac Tuller.

Sixty-First Illinois Volunteer Infantry

For a history of the Sixty-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry, reference is made to Lieut. Leander StilwelPs "History of a Common Soldier," published in 1917, copies of which are in the Illinois and Jersey County Historical libraries. Lieutenant Stilwell enlisted January 6, 1862, at Carrollton, Ill., and served in the Sixty-first regiment until it was mus¬ tered out September 27, 1865.

"The Story of a Common Soldier" deals with army life during the Civil War, as also does the interesting diary of Stephen E. Beck, Com¬ pany C, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. These men were both reared and educated in the Otter Creek community, and attended the Hamilton Primary School.

In the opening chapter of Judge Leander Stilwell 's book, he says: "I was born September 16, 1843, in Otter Creek precinct, Jersey County, Ill. I was living with my parents in the little old log house, where I was born, when the Civil War began."

He enlisted in the Sixty-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Company D, on January 6, 1862; re-enlisted for three years, February 1, 1864; was honorably discharged and mustered out of the service as a first lieutenant, at Camp Butler, Springfield, Ill., September 27, 1865, arriving at his home in Otter Creek Township, the next day. Later he attended the Albany Law School, and was admitted to the bar. He removed to Kansas in 1867, and settled at Erie, Neosha County, in that state, where he practiced his profession for several years; was elected to the legislature, and later as district judge, which latter office he held for more than twenty years. Still later, he was first assistant commissioner of pensions .at Washington, D. C., being ap¬ pointed for four years during President Taft's administration. At the end of his book, he concludes as follows :

"In conclusion, I will say that in civil life people have been good to me. I have been honored with different positions of trust, im¬ portance and responsibility, and which I have reason to believe I have filled to the satisfaction of the public; I am proud of the fact of having- been deemed worthy to fill these different places, but while that is so, I will further say, in absolute sincerity, that to me my humble career as a soldier in the Sixty-first Illinois during the war for the Union, is the record that I prize the highest of all, and is the proudest recollection of my life."

Sixty-Second Illinois Volunteer Infantry Sixty-Sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry

Company G of the Sixty-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry had the following privates from Jersey County: L. M. Sutton, William Brown, George Frisby, John Nicodemus, William Beeby, S. W. Lynum, W. H. Marshall, G. B. Peter, J. W. St. Clair, W. R. Asher, J. L. Cundiff, Charles Marshall, Charles Smith, R. A. Lovely, D. E. Marshall, Joel Parker, W. M. Peter, H. D. Tally.

Seventy-Second Illinois Volunteer Infantry Ninety-Seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry

The Ninety-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry was organized at Camp Butler, Springfield, Ill., in September, 1862, and was mustered into the service of the United States on September 16, with the follow¬ ing regimental staff: Friend S. Rutherford, colonel; Lewis D. Martin, lieutenant colonel ; Stephen W. Horton, major ; Victor Vifquain, adjutant; G. C. Cockerel, quartermaster; Samuel Willard, surgeon; and W. M. Baker, chaplain.

On October 3, the regiment started for Cincinnati, Ohio, and from there it marched to Nicholasville, Ky., where it went into camp and remained drilling and doing guard and police duty until November 10, when it was assigned to the division under command of Gen. A. J. Smith, and moved to Louisville, Ky., arriving in that city October 15. On October 17, it embarked on transports and started for Memphis, Tenn., and on its arrival there, went into camp, November 26. Here it was assigned to the Second Brigade, Tenth Division, Thirteenth Army Corps, under the command of Maj. Gen. John A. McClernand.

This force left Memphis, Tenn., December 20, and landed near Walnut Hill on the Yazoo River, and occupied a position on the extreme left during the battle of Chickasaw Bayou, but fortunately for them, Avere not brought into the assaulting column, for this Avas an impotent and fruitless attack on the most superb fortifications of the south. The sluggish waters of the bayou covered the entire enemy's front, behind which rose the lofty bluffs of the Yazoo. Here the labor of thousands of slaves had been devoted to the complete fortifications of the line for months, until it was perfectly impregnable to the simple assault, yet General Sherman dared the awful hazard of the battle, and hurled column after column of infantry upon them in simple, useless slaughter.

In obedience to orders, the men plunged into the bayou, where both banks were covered by tangled abatis, and where the bayou presents a quicksand bed 30 feet Avide, containing water fifteen feet wide and three feet deep. The enemy rifle pits beyond were filled with sharp¬ shooters, AA'hose every bullet drew blood. The gunners had the range of the ford, such as it was, and poured grape and cannister into the dauntless but rapidly decimated ranks. Toiling like heroes, General Sherman's men essayed to stem the storm until an order was received to fall back. It was raining all the time, and stung by the conscious¬ ness that they had fruitlessly thrown away many valuable lives, they retired sullenly from the contest. During the rainy night which fol¬ lowed the battle, the Ninety-seventh Illinois stood or lay without fire, in the swamp bordering the execrated bayou, but the next morning they were embarked and returned to Milliken's Bend. On January 10 and 11, 1863, this regiment took part in the reduction of Arkansas Post, or Fort Hindman as it is sometimes called, where they, as usual, displayed their high courage and valor.

On January 15, the regiment moved down the river to Young's Point, where it remained until March 6, and then returned to Milli¬ ken's Bend, and on April 15, marched to Grand Gulf. On May 1, it, together with other troops, was engaged at Port Gibson, Miss., and on May 16, at Champion Hills, where it rendered good service. The regiment arrived in the rear of Vicksburg on May 19, and participated in the siege of that place until its capitulation July 4, 1863.

Searcety had the Confederate colors been hauled down on this stronghold, than General Sherman started for Jackson, Miss., where General Joseph Johnston was securely fortified, and with General Sherman's column, was the Ninety-seventh Illinois. This regiment participated in all the maneuvers that led to the downfall of Jackson, Miss., and then returned to Vicksburg, where it remained until August 25. On that date, it was embarked for New Orleans, and went into camp at Carrollton, near that city upon their arrival on August 27. The regiment was mustered out of the service July 29, 1865, at Gal¬ veston, Tex., and arrived at Camp Butler, Ill., August 13, 1865, where it received its discharge.

The men serving from Jersey County in this regiment, were as follows : Company G, privates, J. B. Bell and Samuel Richer ; Company H, second lieutenants, L. C. McNeil, and W. L. Martin ; sergeants, H. B. Scott and Robert Carr; corporals, John Monk, John White, Patrick Fitzpatrick, Michael Doyle, T. C. Pembroke, Henry McCullom ; musician, Thomas Powers ; wagoner, Thomas Blackwell ; privates, Frank Brooks, Jeremiah Curry, Frank Crocker, Martin Dowdy, William Fuller, Peter Hughes, J. D. Hughes, Randolph Lucker, William Monk, Charles Perry, William Reid, Aaron Smith, Jasper Burnines, John Cummings, George Draper, Michael Fitzpatrick, Michael Guilor, Thomas Haig, G. H. Jackson, Henry Monk, G. W.

Monk, Oliver Perry, Samuel Richer, Ephraim Tucker, Charles Watson, William Woods, William Williams, James Crissip, August Kramer, Martin Woods, James Williams, John Berlien, J. J. Hanna, John Murphy, and E. B. Mason; Company I, privates, Edward Carney, George Edwards, George Hall, C. M. Davis, Francis Grosjean, N. S. Osborn, and Richard Pope ; Company K, second lieutenants, S. B. Orem and John Fisher; sergeants, James Francis, H. J. Barnhart and E. D. Lowe; corporals, Charles Ruland, S. L. Massey, C. J. Miller, John Fisher, Joel Burby, J. P. Slaten; wagoner, George L. Noble; privates, Lovin Ballard, A. W. Bingham, Jasper Burnine, Jesse Cockrell, A. J. Clark, M. B. Carroll, L. M. Connor, 0. T. Dyke, T. M. Foibush, AV. IT. Giberson, H. B. Harris, Franklin Hartman, J. F. Hamaker, David Loney, Elliott Macoy, A. J. Milford, J. H. Mayfold, F. F. Ogden, John Pait, John Proe, J. P. Sands, Levi Schultz, J. W. Snyder, James Van Horne, D. S. Williams, Nelson Williams, H. C. Bull, C. A. Bush, J. A. Chaput, J. T. Curtis, John Caslick, A. C. Carson, T. IT. Clark, James Ennis, H. LI. Giberson, John Globe, Amos Hasselton, John Huffin, J. A. Kelly, Lafayette Lassiter, James McRang, Henry Myers, R. A. Nutt, J. H. Ogden, Thomas Palmer, Z. P. Rowe, I. N. Selby, J. A. Snyder, L. F. Tullis, W. S. Wilson, B. F. Williams, Jacob Waltz, Wiley Wade, C. F. Wiser, J. W. Whitlock, J. K. P. Court, Philip English, Thomas McBride, J. W. White, J. G. White, Osborn Worthy, R. W. Van Pelt, Harrison Garrick and William Stephen. In addition to the above the following men served, but were unassigned : Andrew Brown, John Davenport, W. McConrock, Alec Clark, James Hunter and G. W. White.

Ninety-Ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry

The Jersey County men serving in the Ninety-ninth Illinois Vol¬ unteer Infantry were as follows : First assistant surgeon, John T. Curtiss; Company H, privates, Edward Lowe, M. M. Penniek, Dennis Smith, Jeremiah Penniek, John C. Smith and C. LI. Wedding.

The regiment which was known as the One Hundred and Twentysecond Illinois Volunteer Infantry, was organized at Camp Palmer, Carlinville, Ill., in August, 1862. The officers of the regiment were as follows: John T. Rinaker, colonel; James F. Drish, lieutenant colonel; J. F. Chapman, major; H. G. Kaplinger, adjutant.

Frank I. Lowe

On October 8, the regiment moved to Columbus, Ky., and from there to Trenton, Tenn. On November 12, Companies A, D, and F moved to Humboldt, that state, but upon December 18, the regiment was transferred to Jackson, to defend that place against Forrest. They marched in pursuit of the enemy as far as Lexington, Tenn., but returned to Jackson, December 21, In the meanwhile, the enemy, under General Forrest, captured Trenton, together with the sick in the hospital at that place, among whom were Major Chapman and sixty men of the One Hundred and Twenty-second Illinois. On learning of this catastrophe, the remainder of the regiment set out in pursuit of General Forrest's command, on December 27. On December 31, tlie One Hundred and Twenty-second Illinois was engaged at Parker's Crossroads, in conjunction with detachments from the Thirty-ninth Iowa, Fiftieth Indiana, and Eighteenth Illinois regiments of in¬ fantry, and captured seven pieces of artillery and 500 prisoners. The loss of the One Hundred and Twenty-second Illinois was one officer and twenty-two privates killed, and fifty-six wounded. Colonel Rinaker was severely wounded.

On February 17, 1863, the regiment moved to Corinth, and on April 15, it left Corinth, being engaged at Town Creek on April 25. It moved to Saulsbury on June 25, and to Iuka on October 30, Colonel Rinaker commanding the post at each place. The regiment did effective service in this line of duty, and during the summer of 1864, Companies E, IT and K were engaged in defending Paducah, Ky., against the assaults of General Forrest, and in repelling three attacks on Fort Anderson. On June 26, 1864, it was transported to Memphis, Tenn., and was assigned to the First Brigade, Third Division, and joined the command of Gen. A. J. Smith.

On July 14, the One Hundred and Twenty-second Illinois was en¬ gaged at Tupelo, Miss., and met with the loss of Capt. Josiah Burroughs and nine enlisted men killed and twenty-three wrounded, and returned to Memphis, arriving there July 23. It was also engaged in garrison and guard duty at Holly Springs, Ark., and on September 8, moved to Cairo, Ill., and on September 12 to Jefferson Barracks, St. Louis, Mo. It was a participant in the campaign in Missouri, during 1864, which consisted principally in a pursuit of General Price. The regiment em¬ barked for Nashville, Tenn., November 24, 1864, and on December 15 and 16, was engaged in the battle of Nashville, at which time General Thomas gathered all the men within reach, for the defense of that city, and among the regiments thus called to him was the One Hundred and

Twenty-second Illinois, whose men did valiant service upon that san¬ guinary field. On December 16, the battle raged with increasing fury, until General Thomas ordered a grand charge, during which the Con¬ federate forces were driven out of their entrenchments in headlong flight. The Union cavalry thundered on their heels with remorseless energy, the infantry following closely behind. Almost the entire Con¬ federate force was dissolved into a rabble of demoralized fugitives, who, at last, escaped across the Tennessee. The war in the west, sq far as the great movements were concerned, was practically at an end, but the gallant One Hundred and Twenty-second Illinois was not through with its days of battle, for, on April 3, 1865, it joined the forces before Fort Blakesley, and upon April 9 participated in the assault upon that strong¬ hold, losing twenty killed and wrouncled. On April 12, it marched to Montgomery, Ala., arriving there on April 26, where it remained until the latter part of May. On June 4, it embarked at Providence Landing, and steamed down the Alabama River to Mobile, where it was mustered out of the service, July 15, 1865.

The men from Jersey County who served in the One Hundred and Twenty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry were as follows: Company C, second lieutenant, S. L. Chapman ; sergeant, Asa Powell ; corporal, W. W. Miles; privates, S. A. Ayers, William Bult, Daniel Cassey, S. P. Davis, Philip Egelhoff, J. D. Miles, Elijah Matthews, Samuel Ryan, J. I). Sego, T. J. Upton, J. D. Carll, D. B. Davis, William Davenport, W. L. Jackson, W. C. Osborn, Sam Arter, M. A. Bill, G. R. Clowers, Garrison Eveland, J. W. Fitzgerald, W. H. Myers, J. M. Phipps, W. L. Spear, A. J. Spencer, J. H. Withrow, Elias Dabbs, Absalom Daven¬ port, George Gertimer, John Luft, and H. L. Weman.

The One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Illinois Volunteer Infantry was organized at Camp Butler, Springfield, Ill., in September, 1862, with the following regimental officers : Thomas J. Sloan, of Chicago, colonel ; John H. Howe, lieutenant ; R. P. Pattison, major ; and William E. Smith, adjutant. It was mustered into the service of the United States by Lieutenant DeCourcey, September 10, 1862. On October 3, the regiment received orders to go to the front, and leaving Camp Butler moved to Jackson, Tenn., where it arrived October 9, and was assigned a place in the Third Brigade, First Division, Thirteenth Army Corps. On November 14, it moved to La Grange, and on November 28, drove the enemy across the Tallahatchie River and advanced to the Yacona River. The regiment was then in the First Brigade, Col. John E. Smith; Third Division, Brig. Gen. John A. Logan; of the Seventeenth Army Corps, Gen. James B. McPherson.

On February 13, 1863, they moved down the Mississippi River to Lake Providence, and on March 17, went into camp at Berry's Landing. On April 18, the regiment moved to Milliken's Bend, and on April 25, commenced with the other troops the campaign that ended in the surren¬ der of Vicksburg. On April 30, it took part in the sanguinary and hotly contested battle at Thompson's Hill, and gained imperishable laurels. In the engagement at Raymond, Jackson and Champion Hills, May 12, 14 and 16, respectively, during the entire siege of Vicksburg, including the assault on Fort Hill, they performed a heroic part. After the surrender of that redoubtable place, they rested until August 31, when they entered upon the campaign to Monroe, La., and thence to Brownsville, and were engaged in the two days' battle at the latter place on October 16 and 17. The regiment went into camp at Black River, November 7, and on November 27, engaged in a prize drill wtih five other regiments, and carried off the palm.

At a subsequent contest for a prize banner, the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Illinois received the flag inscribed, "Excelsior Regiment, Third Division, Seventh Corps," from the hands of Maj. Gen. Mc¬ Pherson, for excelling in soldierly appearance, discipline and drill. On February 3, 1864, the regiment entered upon the famous Meridian expe¬ dition, and returned to Vicksburg, March 4. It was engaged at Benton, May 7 and 10, once more returning to Vicksburg on May 21, and in July moved with. General Slocum in his Jackson campaign, and was engaged in the sharp fight at Jackson Crossroads on July 5 and 7. In October, the regiment was in the campaign to White River and Mem¬ phis, when once more a return was made to Vicksburg, where the regi¬ ment remained until February 25, 1865, doing guard and provost duty, when it was moved to New Orleans. On March 12, it embarked for Mobile, Ala., moved to Dauphin Island, and up Fish River, and com¬ menced the siege of Spanish Fort. The regiment was the extreme left of the investing line, and, with one-half deployed as skirmishers, drove the enemy within their fortifications. The regiment was mustered out at Chicago, August 15, 1865.

The men who served from Jersey County in the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Illinois Volunteer Infantry were as follows: Company C, first lieutenant, John W. Terry: sergeants, N. C. Beatie and J. J. White;

Jersey County furnished the One Hundred and Thirty-third Illi¬ nois Volunteer Infantry with the following officers and men: H. A. Folger, first assistant surgeon; Company H, first lieutenant, Peter A. Hoffman; corporals, N. C. Stoner, J. E. Dupy, Michael Charney, and Christian Roady; privates, B. F. Christopher, C. J. Davidson, W. A. Everman, T. B. Elliott, Jasper McCumber, G. A. Pease, T. J. Rhoads, John Tunstall, C. S. Drury, E. A. Dodge, John Ennis, Joseph McCurdy, W. T. Holowell, J. L. Medley, W. E. Palmer, J. L. Simmons, and C. E. Wales.

Roll Op Honor

Serg. George W. Brayden died at Bridgeport, August 25, 1863. Andrew J. Johnson was killed at Stone River, December 31, 1862. Henry McIntyre died of wounds at Newton Barracks, April 14, 1864. Charles F. Dauclridge wTas left wounded on the battlefield of Chickamauga, September 20, 1863.

Serg. Benjamin B. Minor died at Memphis, Tenn., February 1, 1864. Corp. Leonard Martin was killed at the battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862. Joseph Smith died from wounds received at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. Samuel P. Irwin died at St. Louis, Mo., May 12, 1862.

Frank J. Albert was killed at Pittsburg Landing, April 6, 1862. Benjamin F. Austin died at Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., April 30, 1862. Moses B. Corbin was killed at Shiloh, Tenn.-, April 6, 1862.

R. W. Van Pelt was killed at Fort Blakeley, Ala., April 9, 1865. Andrew Brown died at Camp Butler, Springfield, Ill., March 10, 1864. Daniel Cassey died at Eastport, Miss., January 26, 1865.

John H. Withrow died at Trenton, Tenn., November 15, 1862. Frederick Austin died at Detroit, Mich., September 8, 1863. Charles Barton died at Lake Providence, La., March 10, 1863. William Gaston died at Vicksburg, Miss., September 27, 1864. Thorton Hughes died at Memphis, Tenn., July 14, 1863.

Spanish-American War

As to the Spanish- American War, there was no military organiza¬ tion in Jersey County, and there is no data by which the soldiers in that war can be traced correctly. There were a number of persons volun¬ teered for that service, but there is no record of their military or naval history.

The World War

The United States of America is now engaged in the greatest war the world has ever known, ranging itself on the side of the Allies, against the Central Powers. In this struggle for the rights of mankind, our country has called upon every section to supply the necessary man power, and financial aid, as well as support in the conservation work, and as usual Jersey County is not behind in patri- otism. Its men have proven themselves loyal beyond any doubt, the younger contingent now serving in the different branches of the army and navy ; the older ones giving the government an effective support in every possible way. Not only have many of the women entered the service as nurses, but they are also taking the places of the men in different callings; working strenuously in behalf of the Red Cross, the Y. M. C. A., and the Liberty Loans and other drives. All are united in an earnest effort to bring about as speedy a termination of the war as is consistent with an honorable and decisive peace.

Newly Registered Men

' ' The following -is the order in which the newly registered men have been drawn by the war department for service. The list is not official as it was compiled from a list furnished by the metropolitan papers. For example there were two 59 's and two 43 's. The majority of the numbers will stand as they appear, but the entire list is subject to some change when the official list is received by the local exemption board. The first number is the order in which the men registered and the second is the order in which they were drawn and will be taken for service. 10 - 1 Harry AY. Eastham, Jerseyville; 29 - 2 Oscar W. Frazier, Jerseyville; 17 - 3 George H. Van Horne, Jr., Jerseyville; 74 - 4 Robert M. Wylder, Jerseyville; 57 - 5 Henry E. LaMarsh, Grafton; 76 - 6 Clar¬ ence William Godfrey, Delhi; 78 - 7 Elmer L. Hanold, Brighton; 4 - 8 Ralph N. Monk, Jerseyville; 70 - 9 John Elston Flamm, Jerseyville; 28 - 10 Frederick Shaw, Grafton; 65 - 11 Loren E. Stanley, Jerseyville; 45 - 12 Charles Desherlia, Grafton; 72 - 13 Andrew L. Kitzmiller, Jer¬ seyville; 61 - 14 James Edwards, Jerseyville; 51 - 15 Edward Westfall,

The following men went to Camp Taylor on August 1, 1918 : Ernest L. Ferenbach, Frank F. Loy, Thomas E. Lanham, Louis H. Vahle, Roy B. Piggott, Louis Lee Davis, Bernard J. Kallal, Henry Lee Massey, Edward Hagen, Andrew A. Hetzel, Blaine Thompson, John H. Feyerbend, Charles Henry Beach, Harry Oberlin, John J. Welsh, Wesley G. Jones, Harry W. Nickens, Henry Bechtold, Charles Seehausen, John R. Lock, Clyde L. Felter, Charles W. Boehler, William Steckel, Tony Vahle and Dr. Lorens Enos, first lieutenant. There were five limited service men who left at the same time as the Camp Taylor contingent bound for Syracuse, N. Y., to do guard and fire duty at ports of em¬ barkation, as follows: John; Seimer of Grafton; Russell Matthews, Ralph Giers and Charles Anderson of Jerseyville; and John E. Greeling of Dow. On August 3, 1918, two colored men, Amos Fairfax and Ed¬ ward Brown left Jerseyville for Fort Dodge, Iowa, for general duty.

Signing Op Armistice

By the surrender of the German empire through the signing of the armistice on November 11, 1918, by the German envoys, the last and mightiest champion of autocracy has been vanquished, and a new birth of freedom has been vouchsafed to the people of the old as well as the new world. With the signing of peace, it will be made possible for all nations to organize governments of the people, by the people, and for their people, without fear of interference therewith, or the destruction thereof, by kings, potentates, or any other autocratic power, nor by armies led by them. A new era of freedom, and an uplift, by the grace of God, has been vouchsafed to the children of men, and a new epoch in history, has been established for Him, which includes prosperity, happiness, and a just and lasting peace. Therefore, all nations, and all people of the earth, may appropriately join in the angelic chorus, sung at the birth of the Prince of Peace, upon the plains of Bethlehem :