Madison County, Illinois - Chapter 75: Wood River Township, 1912

Chapter 75: Wood River Township

First Settlers - Wood River Massacre Monument - First Schools - Upper Alton - Literary, Religious and Educational - Industries and Business - Beth alto - East Al¬ ton - Wood River and Benbow City - The Assassination of Hon. D. B. Gillham 607

Addendum Index

Adams (John), Journal - John Adams, 157; down the Ohio to Illinois, 157; building the Edwardsville mill, 158; prepares for the clothing business, 159; manufactures castor oil, 159; fails to make beet sugar, 160; business and piety, 160 Adams, 0. M., 471, 472 Adams, (Mrs.) W. R., 276 Adler, Leonard W., 1050 Advanced School, Alton, 331 "Advocate," 104

African Methodist church, Alton, 343 Agriculture - First improved farm, 161; from 1818 to 1836, 162; early advances in agriculture, 163; County Agricultural Association, 163; fourth an¬ nual state fair, 164; agricultural progress, 167; acreage and crops, 168 ; dairy and live-stock in¬ terests, 168; population distinctively German, 170 Ahrens, Christian, 909 Ahrens, Louis, 1167 Albro, S. A., 612 Alden, Emily G., 257 Aldous, James H., 726 Aldrich, Anson, 524 Aldrich, Robert, 522, 523, 524 Alhambra, 175

Alhambra school house (illustration), 463 Alhambra township - Early settlers from the south, 459; Alhambra village laid out, 461; business and banking, 462; grain and produce center, 464; Kaufmann, 464 Alhambra village, 461 Allen, Abram, 585 Allen, George C., 564, 577 Allen, George Townsend, 84, 388, 564, 565 Allen, Rowland P., 175, 564, 565, 577 Allison, Jesse, 562 Allison, Thomas, 562 Allouez, 9 Alsop, Robert, 584

Alton, Menton, 132, 134, 177; a spectator of 1837, 192; some business men and farmers of 1822, 194; her old-time charter, 325; early private schools, 329; public schools, 330; organized pub¬ lic system, 331; later public schools, 332; board of education, 334 Alton Artillery Company, 288

Index

"Alton Telegraph and Democratic Review," 105 "Alton Telegraph and Madison County Record," 105 Alton township - The first Alton settlement, 468; Rufus Easton and other founders, 468; Upper Alton laid out (1816), 468; town chartered (1812), 470; Alton's mayors from 1837 to 1912, 471; after the war of 1832, 472; rallied from blow of Lovejoy riot, 473; flood of 1844, 474; Daniel Webster visited Alton, 475; Mexican war, 475; cholera in 1849, 475; two presidents visited Al¬ ton, 476; Lincoln-Douglas debate, 476; oldest fire insurance company in Illinois, 476; The Civil war, 478; pioneer Masons and Odd Fellows, 479; pub¬ lic utilities, 479; old-time citizens and business men, 481; industrial notes of today, 482 "Alton Trials," 69, 70, 72 Alton Volunteer Guards, 266 "Altone," 93, 414 Ambrosius, Conrad A., 926 Ambuehl, Edward N., 1077 Ambuehl, John, 562, 1142 Ambuehl, Nicholas, 562 "American," 104

American Coal Washer Company, 483 American (Know Nothing) party, 233 American occupation - Patrick Henry, first Illinois governor, 19; British-Indian attack on St. Louis, 20; government of the northwest territory, 21; territory of Indiana, 21; county of Madison (1812), 21; rivers as civilizing agents, 23; French and Anglo-Saxon colonists, 23; about land sur¬ veys, 25

Archaeology of the county - -The Cahokia district, 245; Monks' Mound, 247; Sugar Loaf Mound, 247; The Temple of the Sun, 248; probably antedated the buffalo, 249 ; from agriculturists to nomads, 250; the Trappists, 251 Area of the county, 25 Arkabauer, John M., 588 Armbruster, A. Charles, 951 Armstrong, John Maclay, 409 Armstrong, William D., 313, 315, 640 Arnold, Aaron, 502 Arrington, Louis, 323 Arrington (Louis) Monument, 323 Arrington, William P., 700 Arthur, Hiram, 453

Banking and finance (see also financiers and capi¬ talists), - Financing navigation scheme, 441; State bank and branches, 441 ; loss to the state for a decade, 442; another state bank, 443; building lip of Alton, 443; constitution prohibits state banking, 444; present banking law, 444; develop¬ ment of banking in county, 444; Banking in Edwardsville, 446; Leclaire, a profit sharing commu¬ nity, 447 ; banking in Alton, 448 Bank of Edwardsville, 446 Bank of Livingston, 589 Bank of Marine, 567 Banks, John, 1085 Banner Clay Works, 506 Baptist church of Troy, 344 Barber, James, 388 Barber, John, Sr., 347 Barber, John, Jr., 347 Bardill, John, 605

Bench and bar of Madison county - The Circuit bench, 413; former lawyers who practiced at this bar, 416; present practitioners, 426; Alton courts,

Black Hawk war - Causes for, 263; General Henry, the hero, 265; other commissioned officers, 265; Alton's part in it, 472 Blackwell, David, 49 Blair, Henry, 595 Blair, John L., 334

Casualties in the county - Tornado of June, 1860, 218; tornado and cyclone of the seventies, 219 -' destructive wind storm of 1896, 219; great riverfloods, 219; earthquake shocks, 222; explosion of powder magazine, 222

Catholic church in Madison county, 348 "Catholic progress in Madison," 349 Catlin, George, 352, 353, 607 Caton, John, 415 Cauger, Frank M., 901

Chouteau township - Early settlement, 485; early land claims entered, 485; pioneer hardships, pleasures and dangers, 485; education and reli¬ gion, 486; first mill and store, 487; Indian mounds, 487; Old Salem cemetery, 487; the old Gillham estate, 488; Madison villages, 488; Old Salem and Mitchell, 488; the driven well, 489; county board representation, 489 Christ church, Collinsville, 346 "Christian News," 108 Church of Christ, Monticello, 344 Church of the Redeemer (Congregational), 343 Churches of the county - Early, 144; First camp meeting, 336; first Protestant minister, 337; Presbyterian churches, 337 ; Upper Alton Metho¬ dists, 338; Troy, 338; Alton churches, 339; Wanda, 342; St. Paul's Episcopal of Alton, 342; Alton German Evangelical, 342; Church of the Redeemer, 343; the A. M. E. and Union Baptist, 343; German Methodists, 343; Presbyterian churches, 344; Unitarian church of Alton, 345; Church of Christ (Christian), 346; Marine, 346; Protestant Episcopal churches, 346; Cumberland Presbyterian church, 347; Liberty Prairie and Omph Ghent, 348; number of churches in county,

Citizens' State Bank of Alhambra, 462 Citizens' State and Trust Bank of Edwardsville, 447 Civil war - Enlistments from Madison county, 269; Alton a great military camp, 269; supplies trans¬ ferred from St. Louis, 270 ; gallant Madison county military men, 271; war times at home, 275; Tories and Loyalists at home, 277; typical expe¬ rience of a private soldier, 278; a Madison county soldier's experience in southern prisons, 280; a local war time tragedy, 285; the Grand Army of the Republic, 288; soldiers of the Rev¬ olution and of 1812, 289 Clark, George Rogers, 17, 18, 20, 24 Clark, Vaitsh, 486 Clarke, J. C., 256 Clarke, Thomas C., 965 Clawson, B. B., 1181 Clayton, Samuel, 1150 Clifford, Andrew, 480 Climatic comparisons, 58 Cline, W. T., 341

Coal mining industry - First discoveries of coal in Illinois, 199; first Illinois railroad, 199; first mines in Madison county, 200; progress of the industry, 201; working and safe-guarding the mines, 202; some coal mining statistics (1870- 1911), 202

Coles, Edward, 41, 42 (portrait), 43, 52, 56, 87, 103, 139, 163, 208, 442, 594, 595, 596 Coles administration - Coles, a knightly figure, 43; early opposed to slavery, 43; Madison's private secretary, 44; Jefferson also an Abolitionist, 44; Coles frees his slaves, 45; "Irrepressible conflict" in Illinois, 46; Coles' "campaign of education," 48; sued for freeing slaves, 50; leaves Illinois for¬ ever, 51; Anti-Slavery work reviewed, 51; Madi¬ son county's special part, 53; decided by central and southern Illinois, 55 Coles plantation, 596 Colledge, W. A., 125 "College Review," 111 Collet. Daniel W., 608 Collet, John W., 608 Collins, D. D., 495 Collins, Frederick, 493 Collins, James, 267 Collins, Michael, 493 Collins, (Mrs.) Pauline, 323 Collins, William, 493, 494 Collins, William A., 997 Collins, William B., 493, 494, 495 Collins, (Augustus) & Company, 494 Collins brothers, 367, 493 Collinsville, 57, 109, 176, 493 "Collinsville Advertiser," 109, 496 "Collinsville Argus," 109 "Collinsville Liberal Democrat," 109 Collinsville Presbyterian church, 337, 344, 494 "Collinsville Semi-Weekly Herald," 496 Collinsville township - First Settlers in the county, 491; prosperous and historic, 491; Unionville, now Collinsville, 493; the Collins Brothers, 493; the corporation, 495; coal and industries, 495; schools and newspapers, 495 "Collinsville Weekly Herald," 109

Corn Products Refining Company, 581 Coulter, Archibald, 601 County boards of commissioners, 27 County commissioners, 28 County courts, 27, 28

County government - About land surveys, 25; terri¬ torial county officers appointed, 26; officers elected under the state, 27; county courts, 28; county commissioners, 28; boards of supervis¬ ors, 28; some territorial appointments, 29 County superintendents of schools, 226 Court of common pleas, 27

Early-Day Tragedies - Hanging of Eliphalet Green, 148; Winchester-Smith murder trial, 149; Were the widow's wrongs righted? 150; the under¬ ground railroad, 151; a three days' penitentiary horror. 152; the ghastly Wann disaster, 153 Early, William P., 430, 454, 585 East Alton. 613 East End Bank, 549 East End Mercantile Company, 549 East St. Louis & Suburban Railroad, 99 East St. Louis Drainage district, 572

Education - First state school law, 223; pioneer pub¬ lic (pay) schools, 224; system and statistics of the present, 225; county superintendents (1870- 1910), 226; Madison County Teachers' Associa¬ tion, 226

Edwards administrations - Governor Edwards and Illinois territory, 31; Mounted Rangers organ¬ ized, 33; war against British and Indians, 33; Governor Edwards and Madison county, 35; In¬ dian massacres in Madison, 37; the Wood river tragedy, 38; barbarity of rangers, 40 Edwards, B. F., 119, 344, 381, 480, 501 Edwards, Charles F., 1052 Edwards, Cyrus, 78, 89, 105, 480, 611, 707 Edwards, John, 579 Edwards, Julia, 139 Edwards, Nelson G., 84, 420

Edwardsville First Presbyterian church, 500 Edwardsville high school (illustration), 501 "Edwardsville Intelligencer," 110, 502 Edwardsville Methodist church, 500 Edwardsville Milling Company, 503 Edwardsville Post No. 461, Grand Army of the Re¬ public, 502

English occupation (1765-77) - Fort Belle Fontaine, 16; from French to British rule, 17; Clark's his¬ toric campaign, 17 ; from British to American rule, 18

Financiers and capitalists (see also Banking and Finance) - Early capitalists of the county, 305; business effect of Lovejoy murder, 306; attempt to corner lead market, 306; Alton National Bank, 309; richest per capita town, 311; Helvetia Milk Condensing Company, 311; Granite City, 311; opulent land owners, 312 Finke, Adolph, 334

First Alton Presbyterian church, 339 First Anti-Slavery society in Illinois, 611 First Baptist church of Alton, 341 First Baptist church of Edwardsville, 344 First Baptist church of Upper Alton, 340 First carload of coal, over the Chicago & Alton,

Fugitive Slave case at Alton - -Mulatto girl left in Alton, 213; seized after marriage, 213; released for $1,200, 214; illustrates workings of slave law, 215; over fifty per cent to "slave catcher," 215; an eye-witness of the trial, 216; judge resigns in disgust, 217; the principals' after life,

Hamel township - The original pioneers, 522; also came before 1820, 522; in the twenties, 523; early census, 523; a centenarian, 523; township in 1853, 523; a screaming tornado, 524; the Judy family, 524; Carpenter, 524; property valuation,

Higher education - Shurtleff College. 117; Monticello Seminary, 121; Western Military Academy, 125; Ursuline Academy of the Holy Family. 127 Highland - Early settlement, 529; foundation of the town, 530; industrial development and general growth, 532; first general election, 532; postoffice established, 532; German and Swiss immi¬ grants, 532; Highland in 1841, 533; enterprises of the past, 534; Highland militia, 535; schools and churches, 535; the public school. 537; prom¬ inent men, 538; societies and lodges, 542; incor¬ porated as a village, 543 ; organize as a city, 543; presidents and mayors of Highland. 544; industries, 544; hanks, 547; stores and hotels, 549; institutions, 550; a city in a park, 550 Highland Altenheim, 550 Highland Bank, 547 "Highland Bote (Der)", 110 Highland Brewery, 311 Highland Brewing Company, 545 Highland City flouring mills, 534 "Highland Citizen," 110 Highland Embroidery Works, 546 Highland French * and English Congregational church, 537

Indians - Successors of Mound Builders, 1; The Illi¬ ni, or Illinois, 2; Pontiac's conspiracy, 3; Ponti¬ ac's death avenged, 3; the Iroquois descend on the Illini, 4; twilight of French occupancy, 4 "Insuranceville," 476 "Intelligencer," 106 Irish, Benjamin, 391 Irish, Tyler J., 394, 458, 574 Irwin, John G., 295, 423, 454 Isenberg, G. W., 464 Isaacs, Thomas W., 871 Ittner, Theodore, 990

Jarvis township - Physical features, 552; John Jar¬ vis and other early settlers, 552; first schools and churches, 555; city of Troy, 556 Jaschke, Anthony M., 874 Jefferson barracks, 17 Jeffress, A. W., 1048 Jeffress, J. W., 566 Jinkinson, John B., 515 Jinkinson, Richard, 514 Job, Jacob, 574 Job, Mary E., 667 Job, Moses, 487

Liberty Prairie Cumberland Presbyterian church, 348 Libraries of the county - Edwardsville Library in 1819, 294; Edwardsville Public Library Associa¬ tion, 295; the Hayner Memorial Library, 297; other libraries, 299 Liche, Henry, 589 Lieb, Daniel, 264 Liebler, George, 1008 Limacher, P., 536 Lime, 369

Lovejoy, Elijah Parish - 105, 114, 340, 473, Killing of, 60; consequences to Alton, 60; in St. Louis, 61; rise of bitter feeling at Alton, 61; Lovejoy defends himself, 62; story of riot and death, 64; The de¬ fenders of the press, 69; '"Alton Trials," 69, 70; Alfred Cowles, 73 LoVejoy, Elijah P., (illustration), 61 Lovejoy's Alton home and printing office (illustra¬ tions), 65

Madison county - Boundaries (1812), 7; earliest forts, missions and stations, 8; soldiers of the cross, 8; an illustrious trimuvirate, 9; the "Frightful (castleated) rocks," 11; the great French discoverers, 12; in 1S12, 21; in 1912, 23; organized, 75; a century ago (Reynolds), 177; population 1820- 1910, 196; analysis by decades, 196; industrial growth in western Madison, 197; population by townships (1S90-1910), 197; racial types, 198 Madison county in 1912 (map), 23 "Madison County Advertiser," 106 Madison County Agricultural Association, 163 "Madison County Anzeiger," 107 "Madison County Bote," 107, 109, 110 Madison Coal Corporation, 618 "Madison County Courier," 106 "Madison County Enquirer," 106 "Madison County Gazetteer," 481 "Madison County Gazetteer and Directory," 256 Madison County Poor Farm, Edwardsville (illustra¬ tion), 504

Manufacturers - Utilization of natural resources, 366; mining and manufacturing of clay, 368; stone in¬ dustries, 368; varied industrial system, 369; sta¬ tistics, 370

Medical practice and practitioners - Past and present facilities, 371; they simply "called the doctor," 372; progress of medical education, 372; medical societies, 374; first act for medical regulation, 375; latest regulating act, 377; the county's first phy¬ sician, 378; Edwardsville's first doctor, 379; first physician in eastern Madison, 383; pioneer musi¬ cian, 385; a southern politician, 387; prominent in the Civil war, 388; a "Thomsonian" certificate, 389; M. D. and D. D., 391; of international fame, 396; too sympathetic for a doctor, 397; two "old family doctors," 399; in practice forty-one years, 401; Dr. Joseph Pogue, 402; high-grade Swiss physician, 403; pioneer in public education, 406 Meeker, Orren, 347 Meese, William A., 204

Moro township - First settler, 569; natural features and towns, 570; churches and school houses, 571; statistics and government, 571 Morris, D. C., Fitz, 115 Morris, William, 610 Morrison, Guy, 312 Morrison, William, 526 Morriss, Alexander W., 1193 Morriss, Robert C., 1087 Morse, Samuel G., 499 Mother Ursula, 128

Murder of Jacob Barth - Story of the crime, 362; mob attempts lynching, 362; mob dispersed by sheriff, 363; criminals tried and punished, 363; decline of respect for law, 365; origin of Madison Guards, 365

Nameoki township - Floods, 572; famous prehistoric mounds, 572; first American settlers, 572; mean¬ ing of Nameoki, 574 "Naroden Glas," 111 Nash, Charles O., 809

New Douglas township - The pioneers, 583; the tor¬ nado of 1876, 583; New Douglas village, 584; a stock raising and dairying country, 585; noted natives, 585; Madison County Old Settlers As¬ sociation, 584 New Douglas village, 584 "New Douglas World," 109 New Hope Baptist church, 345 New Switzerland, 603 New Switzerland House, 533 Newliaus, Phillip H., 771 Newby, E. W. B., 267 Newman, James, 330, 331 Newman, Joseph, 91, 509 Newport, 576 Newsham, Thomas J., 273

Olive township - Some of the early settlers, 587; mining development, 588; Livingston, 588; Wil¬ liamson, 5S9 Olney, George W., 87 Omp'h Ghent, 176

Omph-Ghent township - First events and settlers, 590; Worden village, 591; coal mining interests, 591; Prairie City, 592; general township mat¬ ters, 592

Physicians (see Medical practice and practitioners) Piasau bird - Prof. John Russell's version (illustra¬ tion), 187; another version of the legend, 188; ancient mark for arrow and bullets, 189; how legend is perpetuated, 189 Picker, Ben, 614 Pickett, Abraham, 204 "Pictured rocks," 12 Pierce, Daniel, 95 Pierce, (Mrs.) James, 605 Pierron, 605 Pierron, August, 605 Pierron, J., 605

Political and legislative - First county election, 75; in the general assembly (1818-1912), 76; Judge John Y. Sawyer, 78; Cyrus Edwards, 78; Lincoln and Gillespie, 79; veteran of legislature, 82; other prominent members, 82; "Sons of their fathers," 84; Madison county legislators, Lincoln's con¬ temporaries, 85

Politics - Early, 146; Whigs and Democrats align, 227; political conditions in Illinois, 228; popular presidential votes, 1820-1908, 228; liquor question (1885), 230; political summary, 230; temperance in Madison county, 233; the great Lincoln-Douglas debate, 234; semi-centennial celebration, 237; re¬ version to early political type, 238 Pomeroy, Elizabeth, 524 Pontiac, 3

Public improvements - Bridges over the Mississippi, 291; Cahokia diversion canal, 291; origin and progress of the enterprise, 292; straightening a river channel, 293; Silver creek drainage district,

Public Library at Edwardsville (illustration), 504 Public monuments in the county - Lovejoy monu¬ ment movement, 318; description of monument, 320; the Wood river monument, 321; Confeder¬ ate monument at Alton, 322; memorial to Union soldiers, 323 ; the Louis Arrington monument, 323; Centennial monument, 324 Public school building, Highland (illustration), 538 Pugh, J. H., 49 Purviance, William F., 553

Saline township - First traces of settlement, 601; the McAllily family, 602; military and political character, 602; James Reynolds, 602; New Switzerland, 603; industries, 604; educational and political, 604; Town of Saline (Grantfork P. O.), 605; Pierron, 605 Salu (Alton), 4S0, 609 Sandbach, Edward, 591 Sander, Frederick W., 864 Sanders, H. M., 456 Sargent, B. F. (Mrs.), 216 Sauer, Thomas W., 1117 Sauvage, William M., 764

Squire, James, 226, 456 Squire, Joseph, 576 Staats, L. N., 456 Stadtmann, Rudolph, 110 Stahl, C. E., 571 Stahl, Cyrus S., 8S4 Stahl, Hiram. E., 570 Stallings, Thomas, 983 Stamps, Charles F., 576 Standard Milling Company, 368 Standard Oil Refinery, 483 St a ndard - Ti 1 ton Milling Company, 482 Stanton, Lizzie, 330 "Star of the West," 102, 103 Stark, Solon, 385 Starkey, Joel U., 612 Starr, Harry E., 723 Starr, Henry, 417 Starr, James E., 166 Starr, Jesse 503 Starr, William E., 454 State & Trust Bank, Highland, 547 State Bank of Alton, 307 State Bank of St. Jacob, 600 State Bank of Shawneetown, 448 State Bank of Agriculture, 167 State factory inspection service, 370 State Horticultural Society, 166 State Penitentiary - Established, 240; the lease sys¬ tem, 240; Penitentiary moved to Joliet, 241; as a military prison, 241; commanders, 242; now a children's playground, 244

Transportation - Forest trails, 90; first roads, bridges and ferries, 90; steamboat navigation, 91; the Eagle Packet Company, 94; revival of the river trade, 95; early and late railroad building, 95; electric railroads, 99 Trares, Henry, 447, 850 Trauernicht, A., 585 Trauernicht, A. J., 585 Trautner, Nicholas, 1197 Travis, Arthur, 563 Travous, C. N., 425 Treadway, R. M., 104, 472 Trembley, L., 527 Trenchery, Emil, 314 Trencliery, Wilhelmina, 314 Trible, John, 272, 364, 420 Tribout, Adolph P., 1069 Tri-City Bank, 579 "Tri-City Labor Herald," 111 "Tri-City Progress," 111

Unitarian Church of Alton, 345 United States Radiator Corporation, 506 Upper Alton, 132, 136, 137, 468, 480, 609 LTpper Alton Methodist church, 338 Upper Alton Presbyterian church, 340 Urban, A., 531

Views - Discoverers of Madison county (Marquette and Joliet), 6; house where first anti-slavery so¬ ciety was organized, Alton, 62; Lovejoy's home and printing office, 65; pro-slavery riot and death of Lovejoy, 67; Shurtleff college buildings, 118; Upper Alton Carnegie library, 120; Monticello Seminary, 122; Western Military Academy, 124; the Judy residence, 174 : the Piasaubird, 187; Lover's Leap at Alton, 190; Bluff Line station at Alton (flood of 1903), 220; 1846 Whig ticket (facsimile), 231; Lincoln Hotel and Alton House, 235; Alton City Hall, 236; Cahokia, or Monk's Mound, 246; Hayner Memorial Library, Alton, 297; Alton's first brick house, 310; Lovejoy monument, 319; Wood River monument, 321;

Confederate monument, Alton, 322; Main street and former residence of W. W. Pearce, Alham¬ bra, 460; Alhambra school house, 463; City Hall, Alton, 466; Hunters' Tavern and the Illini Hotel, Alton, 468; view of square from steamboat land¬ ing, Alton, 474; Edwards homestead and resi¬ dences of Lyman Trumbull and D. J. Baker, Sr., 477; Alton Young Men's Christian Association building, 478; postoffice, Alton, 481; Sugarloaf U. S. station, Collinsville, 492; township high school, Collinsville, 496; court house and city hall, Edwardsville, 498; old Wabash Hotel, 500; Edwardsville high school, 501; old Wabash Hotel (another view), Prickett-Eberhardt house, home of James Mason and office of Hooper Warren, Edwardsville, between pages 502 and 503; Ed¬ wardsville public library and Madison County Poor Farm, 504; Highland mill (1837), 531; pub¬ lic school building, Highland, 538; main avenue to Lindendale park, Highland, 541 ; old Defontaine wind mill, Highland, 548; St. Joseph's Hos¬ pital, Highland, 550; Main street, Troy, 556; Market street, Troy, 557; Troy City public school, 558; McCray-Dewey Academy, Troy, 559; public school, Marine, 566; Venice city hall and public school, 573; high school, Madison, 578; Granite City postoffice and McKinley high school, 580; Worden school house, 591; Wood River pub¬ lic school, 614.