McDonough County, Illinois - Chapter 40: Macomb, 1878

Chapter 40: Macomb

When John Baker erected his log cabin near where the high school building in the fourth ward now stands, little did he think there would spring up around it a busy little city, with all its varied industries. Time, in its unceasing round, brings many changes, and the wild prairie land, with its beautiful flowers, the perfume of which was w^afted upon every breeze, is now dotted over wnth home-like residences, from the lowly cottage to the stately mansion - the homes of those who have prospered in this life. Elegant buildings, tilled with products gathered from the entire world, surround a beautilul temple of justice ; while the sound of the hammer and hum of machiuer}^ are heard upon every hand.

Having a population which entitled them to the benefit of the act which authorized the organization ot counties, in the year 1830 the citizens of McDonough voted to organize. The present site of Macomb, being the centre of a county that was square, was selected as the place of meeting of the newly-elected Board of County Commissioners. On the third day of July in that year, the Board met and resolved, that "the present seat of justice be at the house of John Baker, and that for the present the same be known as the town of Washington."

In December, Hon. James Clarke, one of the County Commissioners, went to Springfield and entered the southwest quarter of section 31, in township 6 north, range 21 west. The Legislature of the State, about the same time, passed the following act, which was approved by the governor :

Section 1. Be it enacted hy the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the Oeneral AKKcinbii/, That the County Seat of the County of McDonough be. and is hereby permanently established on the southwest quarter of section 31, in township C, noilh of range 2 west, and that the Commissioners of said county are hereby authorized to purchase the said quarter section of land of the United States, as provided by the laws of Congress ; and that the name of said County Seat be called Macomb. Appboved December 24, 1830.

Thus the town of Macomb was brought into existence. For several months our fathers persisted in spelling it McComb, all the original records having it thus written. As will be surmised, the town was named in honor of General Macomb, who commanded the land forces in conjunction with Commodore McJ^onough, the commander of the naval forces, at the battle of Lake Champlain. General Macomb was for many years the second military officer in the nation - General Scott ranking iirst.

By reference to the foregoing act it will be seen that Macomb was made the permanent county seat of McDonough county, and we are told by early settlers that every lot sold in the original town was with the stipulation that such was the case. When the question of removal of the county seat was agitated a few years ago, it was then argued by some that it could not be done, as the conditions on which the lots were sold were such that damages could be secured from the county by the holders of lots for a violation of contract. IIow true this may be can be determined by reading the act.

The first sale of lots in the town was in May, 1831. Eleven sales were made before the entire quantity was disposed of, by which was realized $4^903.55. The cost of the same was $186. 88» therefore netting $4,816.67. The assessed value of this same property is now over $600,000.

In 1831 a considerable increase to the inhabitants of the town was made. In the spring of this year James M. Campbell erected the first store building in the county, about sixty feet south of the residence of John Baker. The building was of hewn logs, covered with boards, with a puncheon floor. It was in size 18x18. The stock contained in that store was a wonder to behold ! A conglomeration of dry goods, boots and shoes, hats and caps, hardware, iron, nails, queensware, groceries, and the inevitable barrel of whisky, occupying a prominent place, and quite handy to the thirsty customers of the store. Moses llinton and G. E. Kobinson shortly after erected a building on the northeast corner of the square, to be used for general trade. This was a portion of the buildino- lonor known as the "checkered front," and which now stands on the corner of Randolph and Carroll streets. James

Clark, who had up to this time been living a little southwest of Macomb, erected a log house on the corner of TVest Jackson street and the square, to be used as a tavern. Originally it had but two rooms in it, but others were added from time to time. Th.' St. Elmo now occupies the site of this old tavern. Although the "accommodations for man and beast," so far as lodging was concerned, was limited, the culinary department was excellantly managed. Wild game was abundant in those days, and the "bill of fare" always contained venison, turkey, quail, prairie chicken, rabbit, squirrel, etc., and the bread baked in those old covered skillets cannot be beat for sweetness. A "tavern," or "hotel," has always stood upon that site, and thousands of weary travelers have found a comfortable resting place therein, and a hearty welcome.

At a special term of the County Commissioners' Court, held March, 1836, a plat of the town was adopted, by which the lots were to be 60x120 feet. At a special term held in April following, the order was revoked, on petition of citizens, and another plat was adopted, which is now on record on page six. Record of Deeds, in the office of the Circuit Clerk, and marked plat number one. By this one, the lots were made 60x174, and twelve lots to the block. This last plat was made by J. M. Campbell, after the precise plan of the town Frankfort, Kentucky, Mr. Campbell's native place - the only town with which he was acquainted, and which he supposed a perfect model. Had he been aware that it could have been done, we have no doubt the location of the streets running east and west would have deen different, and streets would have been run each side of the square on the north and south, as on the east and' west sides. James Vance, one of the County Commissioners, was opposed to any change in the plat, and entered his protest on the records, but without avail. Lots 60x120 feet were large enough in his estimation.

John J. Keaton was appointed to make a survey of the town, according to the plat adopted, for which he was to receive thirtyfive dollars. David Clarke and John Baker were employed by the Countv Commissioners to carrv the chain, for which thev were allowed fifty cents per day.

Keaton's survey proved unsatisfactory ; and in 1834, J. W. Brattle, for many years County Surveyor, was employed to make a new one, and also to make out and file a new plat, according to the survey which he should make. Mr. Brattle performed the work to the satisfaction of the Commissioners, who received and adopted his report, a copy of which is recorded on page 428 Record of Deeds, as plat Xo. 2. Mr. lirattle found many of the corners wrong, and they so remain till this day, the County Commissioners at that time being afraid to alter, as it would invalidate ths sales of lots alreadv made.

In the early days, court week was the time chosen by the yeomanry of the county to come to town and have a little fun. By way of preparation, the grocery keeper laid in an extra supply of the "ardent" for the occasion, as he expected a run of custom, the profits of which would last him for some time, the whisky then, as now, having the effect of making some quiet, others jovial, and some " roaring mad." Fights were of frequent occurrence, but generally of a friendly character - that is, after the fight was over, and one of the parties vanquished, no further illfeeling was allowed, and the defeated party treated the crowd.

The advent of a circus always brought a crowd. I'cople came from every nook and corner of the county, and while broad smiles played upon their countenances at the prospect of listening to the funny sayings of the clown, they spent their hard-earned money. Who can say they did a wrong? Without newspapers, without telegraphs, without railroads, with a thinly settled country, with none of the means of enjoyment afibrded at the present day, their life was indeed hard, and the necessity of a little relaxation and amusement, even if only that afforded by the silly jokes of the professional harlequin, was an absolute necessity.

Until the year 1841, the town of Macomb was governed by the Board of County Commissioners. In this year an act of incorporation was passed by the Legislature granting legislative powers to a board of five trustees. The limits of the town were made one square mile, with the public square of Macomb as its center.

The first school houses in the town were erected in the year 1846, James M. Campbell securing subscription from the citizens for the erection of one west of the square, and William S. JIail one east of the square. The houses were eighteen by twentyeight feet, and built of brick. The one in the west was on the present site of the Baptist Church, and the other where the Third Ward school house now stands. Schools had been held previous to this for many years, but these were the first buildings erected exclusively for school purposes. Mr. Campbell built the third

W. & H. Ervin built the first brick store. Lawson, Parrott & Co., built the first three-story brick, on the site of the First National Bank building. Campbell & Garrett the third, the one now occupied by Loven Garrett as a grocery store.

In 1857 cholera raged for a time in the town, striking terror to the heart of many. Men, strong and hearty in the morning, laid in the embrace of death before night. Had it not been for a few brave, strong hearts the death rate would have been far greater than it was. These men, at the risk ot their own lives, went to the house where death had entered and quietly removed the corpse and buried it without giving notice of the sad event to the terrified citizens. In this way the fears of the people were kept within bounds. This, we believe, was the on]y real epidemic that has ever visited this town.

Macomb was incorporated as a city in 1856, by the adoption of a charter similar to that of the city of Quincy. The first election was held on the eighth day of ISTovember in that year, and resulted in the election of John. O. C. Wilson, as mayor, and James M. Campbell, alderman first ward, Joseph McCroskey in the second, William II. Randolph in the third, and Samuel G. Cannon in the fourth. These gentlemen were elected tor six months, or until the annual election, the first Monday in May. It has now been twenty years since its organization, and in that time no city of its size has made more permanent improvement, and none enjoys a better reputation. Its credit has always been first class, and its bonds would doubtless command a premium in the markets of the east. We -learn from the Mayor that he is constantly in receipt of letters of inquiry from the capitalists of the countrj' in reference to its bonds, but he has only one answer to make and that is it has none in the market, that the city is governed on the principle "pay as yon go." ISTo bonds have ever been issued by the city, save in the instance of the erection of the high school building in the second ward, and of these only about |4,500 are now outstanding, and these would be redeemed if presented for payment. Not being due the parties prefer the interest which they draw to the face of the bonds. This shows conclusively that the linaiiciering of the city fathers has been excellent. A glance at the list of officers given in this article will show a good reason for this state of affairs.

Notwithstanding the city has never been prodigal in its ex- ])enditures, it has yet never been niggardly. Improvements are constantly being made. During the past year (in 1875) gas has been introduced and lamp posts have been erected at all the principal corners and crossings adjacent to the business part of the city. A regular police force was organized in 1874, since which time there have been but very few instances of house-breaking in the city and two hundred dollars will probably cover every loss from this cause. More than one incipient lire has been stopped, and in the whole time but one fire obtained such headway before discovery as to be impossible to extinguish it. The loss in this fire did not exceed §200, it being the burning of a small barn.

One of the duties of the police has been the arrest of all suspicious characters. ]^one are allowed to remain in the city more than one night. Should a tramp make his appearance in the city ; he is at once escorted to the calaboose if night is approaching, or I is immediately warned away if in the early part of the day. During the year over three hundred were provided with lodging and hurried off bright and early the next morning. In one night during the past winter twenty-one of this genus were entertained with food and lodging. The care given this class will account in a great measure for the safety of our citizens from the visits of burglars.

One important thing the city yet lacks, and that is a well organized tire department. It has so far in its existence been very fortunate in escaping the ravages of the fire fiend, but there is always danger, and that danger should be provided against. Business men more than pay each year in additional insurance the cost of maintaining an excellent and well-oflicered company.

The sanitary condition of the city has always been excellent - no epidemic, save the one mentioned, ever visiting it. The Board of Health has usually consisted of three physicians, representing various schools of medicine, with the mayor as an exofficio member.

The city works over thirty miles of street, and nearly the same in sidewalks, and has a large number of bridges and culverts to build and keep in constant repair.

The average expenses for all purposes are about ^17,000, $9,000 of which are for the schools, and $8,000 for all other expeoses. During the past year, §21,000 were collected, $4,000 of which were to be applied to the payment of bonds then due. As there is an assessment amounting to $1,500,000, this will make a little less than one and one-half per cent., which is tlie highest rate ever paid in the city. f

In relation to the standing of the city, w^e may say it never has to go abroad to borrow money. Capitalists at home are ever ready and willing to advance all that is needed. No bond has - ever yet been presented that was not promptly paid.

Although but one railroad passes through its limits, tlie city has ever been willing to aid every practicable railroad project. In 1857, at the annual election, $25,000 was voted to the Rock Island and Alton Railroad; but as the road was never built upon the line projected (making Macomb a point), the money was never called for. A road giving an eastern outlet, or competing Hue east, would doubtless secure considerable aid from the city.

Public Buildings. - Xo city of its size in the west can present iiner public buildings. Among others we may mention the court house, which was completed in the year 1870, and which stands in the centre of the public square, and can be seen from every high eminence in the count3\ The building is of red brick with limestone trimmings, and is iire-proof throughout. From its dome a view of the surrounding country is had as far as the eye can reach. Next, we mention the business houses. These are superior to those of any city ot its size in the State. Brick blocks almost entirely surround the square, many of them possessing a very handsome exterior and interior appearance, and all of good size and adapted to the trade ot the place. Among the number is a handsome opera house capable of holding about twelve huwdrcd persons. The school houses are the pride of the city, there being two large and handsome structures, with accommodations for about fourteen hundred pupils. One of these is situated in the Second Ward, and the other in the Fourth, or in the eastern and western parts ot the city, and both known as high school buildings. The eastern one cost complete, including furniture, some $30,000, while the western one, built at a later day, when material and labor was cheaper, about $20,000. The first was erected in

Fdiktii Ward School Building, Macomk

1865, the city issuing its bonds for a term of years for §20,000 of the amount. Of this only about §4,000 remains outstanding. The second building was erected in 1874, and every dollar of the entire amount paid, the city creating a sinking fund for that purpose, and having in the treasury every dollar before the completion of the work. Two large hotels grace the square, one on the east and the other on the west. The Baptists, Congregationalists, Presbyterians, Universalists and Methodists have each good church buildings, the others being of but little value.

Mercaniile Trade. - The mercantile trade of Macomb is greater than any city or town of like size and character in the State. In dry goods, as large and varied stocks are kept by the dealers as those in cities five times its proportions. The reputation enjoyed by the dealers for selling their goods at bottom figures, is such that their trade extends for miles around, even taking in portions of the adjoining counties. In groceries the same can also be said. We would here call attention to the business notices of some of the leading firms elsewhere found in this work. Statistics of the trade may also be seen.

Stock Trade. - There have been shipped in the last four years an average per year of 237 cars of hogs and 125 cars of cattle from this place, which we regard as a very good showing, considering the many shipping points around it.

Manufactories. - A goodly number of manufacturing establishments are in the place, affording employment to a large number of hands, and doing much to advance the interests of the place. These manufactories are noticed under appropriate heads elsewhere.

Public Schools. - This is another matter in which the citizens of the place take an especial pride. In 1866, on the completion of the high school building in the second ward, Prof. 11. II. Smith was employed by the Board of School Directors, as Principal, at a salary of §1,500, per year, to take charge of our schools. This was a new departure, and bitterly opposed by some of our citizens, who thought it an outrageous sura to pay a man for only six hours work per day, as they said. When Mr Smith began his work he introduced the graded system, and also effected an almost entire change in the text books then in use. This compelled the purchase bj many of a number of new books, and the setting back of many scholars in some of their studies, in order that they might conform to the grade. This created additional excitement, each parent denying the right of the teacher to set his child back, thus compelling a review of a study already gone over. Many complaints were made to the professor, and for days he was interviewed hourly by indignant parents. The expense of the purchase of new books was said to be enormous, when it was an undeniable fact it cost the majority of parents less money to buy the entire new outtit than it would have done had the old series of text books been retained - the new having been introduced at half price. But Mr. S. continued on the even tenor of his way, "being reviled, he reviled not again," knowing that iii due time the system would be approved by all. The wisdom of his course has now been fully shown. For ten years the system has been tried and with the best results, and there is not a parent in the city that has given the subject any thought but will acknowledge it is the better way. There has been an average of twelve or fourteen graduates each year since the third, and the greater part of the teachers now employed in the schools of the city, or that have been employed for seven years, have been graduates. The <30urse of study has been as thorough as in an}" of the academies of the country. Prof. H. II. Smith continued as Superintendent for three years, succeeding in the perfect organization of every department of the public schools. He was succeeded by Professor M. Andrews, who occupied the position for five years, resigning the same that he might accept a like situation at Galesburg, in this State, at a higher salary. Mr. Andrews, without doubt, is one of the most efficient Superintendents in the State, and success cannot but crown his efiorts wherever he goes. His absence has been deeply felt in this city. Professor Shedd next succeeded, serving two years. He was followed by Professor C. C. Robbins. Professor Robbins has long been a resident of this cit}^ but for several years past has occupied a like position in the public schools of Rushville, Ivnoxville, and other places, positions which he has tilled to the satisfaction of his patrons.

Churches. - There are ten Churches in the city, each endeavoring to point out the way of salvation ; the religious influence of the community is, therefore, of the best. The denominations represented are as follows : Methodist Episcopal, Baptist, Cath- olic, Christian, Congregationalist, Uuiversalist, Presbyterian and Lutheran. The Cumberland Presbyterians had formerly a fair congregation of believers, but for some years have held no service. The combined value of the Church property is about §50,000. The membership is about 1,300. Connected with their Sunday Schools are about 1,000 scholars. The schools of the city have quarterly conventions at the close of every quarter of the International Sunday School Lessons, the meetings of which are quite interesting and profitable. Other statistics, under this head, may be seen in another chapter.

Description of High School Building in Second WcLrd. - This building was erected in 1865, at a cost of $29,000. It is situated on the north side of Calhoun, between Dudley and Madison streets. The architectural design is plain throughout. The plans were drawn by G. P. Randall, of Chicago, and the work done by the city, superintended by W. O. Thomas. The building is 53x94 feet, two stories, with basement, and contains six rooms 26x33 feet, a chapel 48x50 feet, library room, closets, and halls. It is heated by steam, the engine for that purpose being in the basement. There are two entrances to the building, one each in the center of the south and north sides. These entrances open into a hall, from which a stairway leads to the second story. The recitation rooms are each thirteen feet in height, while the chapel is sixteen feet, and all are well ventilated. The basement of the building is constructed of limestone and the main walls of red brick. A belfry arises from over the main entrance, in which is placed a bell weighing twelve hundred pounds. Although the building is not showy, it presents a neat, substantial appearance, and is an honor to the city. The accompanying illustratiou will give one a very good idea of its appearance.

Description of School Building in Fourth Ward. - This building titauds upon the corner of Washington and Johnson streets, and was erected in 1874 by W. O. Thomas, of Macomb, who was likewise the architect. Its entire cost, including furniture, &c., was about §20,000. It is quite showy, and yet neat and well proportioned. The basement is of limestone, while the main walls are of red brick. It is in height two stories, with basement. A finely proportioned belfry surmounts the main front, in which is placed a bell weighing 900 pounds. There are three entrances - one each on the east, north and south sides. The recitation rooms, of which there are six, are in size 25x33 feet; those on the iirst floor being in height 14 feet, while those on tlie second floor are 16 feet, each being provided with the best modern school furniture, and every appliance that would aid one in acquiring knowledge. The ventilation is well provided for, which will certainly be acknowledged of great importance. The basement is used for storage, fuel and heating purposes, an engine being placed therein which heats the entire building. Everything in connection with the building is in good taste, and reflects great credit upon the city and its architect, W. 0. Thomas.

The record book, containing the proceedings of the Board of Trustees of the town of Macomb, is either mislaid" or lost, so we have been unable to obtain the names of all the officers of the town. In looking over the old papers we discovered the poll books of several annual elections, and give the names of such of those we could find who were elected Trustees, and the year each served :

The following named gentlemen have served the city of Macomb in the offices named and for the years given. We begin the list with the city's organization, and include each year to 1877 :

1809 - 3/a2/or - Geo. K.Hall. .4/iermai - J. T. Adcock. First ward; C. N. Harding, Second ward; Wm. Venable, Third ward ; T. L. Kendrick, Fourth Ward. GZerA: - \V. E. Withrow. Attor- 7Ky - \sa. Matteson. Assessor and Collector - J . W. Blount. ifarA'/iai- James A. Chapman. Treasurer - ^l. T. Winslow.

As there seems to be of lat« a spirit of rivalry springing np in different sections of this State, and especially so in regard to the growing prosperity of villages and county seats we deem it not out of place to give a statement of the different branches carried on in our town, which certainly cannot be excelled by any seats of justice, notwithstanding other neigboring villages call it a ''one horse town.'" The population at present is estimated to be about 1,000. The citizens are mixed - persons from aknost every State in the Union ; we have a few Irish, English and German citizens among us, however ; the majority of our citizens are natives of Kentucky and Virginia. In regard to the liberality of our people, we not only challenge the State, but creation to excel them.

We have here four Benevolent and Charitiible Institutions, all in a prosperous condition, viz. : One Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, one Union, Daughters of Temperance, two Divisions of the Sons of Temperance, and one section Cadets of Temperance. In regard to religious and intellectual advantages, we are not far behind others of our neighbors. There are several different denominations of Christians here, having three churches, one college with one hundred students, three day schools averaging one hundred scholars, one female seminary, having forty pupils, nine dry goods stores - average capital invested, about $100,000 yearly - one drug store, one di'ug and book store, one hotel, several boarding houses, two clothing establishments, two family groceries, six practicing physicians, several attorneys, two general land agency offices, one steam carding and fulling establishment, one bakery and confectionery establishment, one segar and tobacco manufactory, one steam flouring mill, two saw mills - one steam and one horse power - two extensive lumber yards, lots on hand, one tannery, three harness making shops, two shoe and boot shops, two tailor shops, two merchant tailoring establishments, eight blacksmith shops, two plough-making shops, one carriage and wagon establishment, seven carpenter shops, one furniture and cabinet shop, one chair manufactory, one bedstead manufactory, one wholesale and retail stove and tin store, one threshing and saw miU manufactory, one hat manufacturing establishment, one cooper shop, one printing office, with a large and extensive book and job office attached. No babbeb shop at present. There are in full growth and cultivation, in and near town, four extensive nurseries, containing choice collections of fruit trees.

By examining the above list of establishments in this place it will be readily perceived that our advantages are superior to many other and older inland towns, and, should the contemplated railroad be completed - taking the location of the county, the salubrity of the soil and healthy location - there will be no town in the military tract able to come in competition with us. In bringing up this statement we are actuated by no will of boasting, but merely to state fdcts as they are, and, if in our power, humble as it may be, of inducing mechanics and others to " seek first their own interests " and act accordingly. We have ample room yet left in our village, and we are confident that property holders here and throughout the county will dispose of land at a fair and reasonable rate to those wishing to buy.

There is in connection with our town mail facilities, many of which are not afforded to other towns in Illinois. We have four weekly mails - two semi-weekly and two triweekly, and as honest an old " Boss " to superintend the post office department as can be " scared *' up in the union. Macomb is situated in the centre of the county - the limits extending twenty-four miles across, and is equi-distant between the Illinois and Mississippi rivers, thus affording great inducements to travellers to visit us, and of receiving communications from distant friends.

We intend in future, if able to procure the necessary statistics, of publisliing a true statement of the rise and history of McDonough county from its first survey and location, and also of giving statistics of each town within the county, population at present, manufacturing and mechanical advantages, etc., which each possess.

Ill 1867 the city was made a Supervisors' District, and given two members of the County Board of Supervisors. Up to this time the city's vote was divided up into the four townships on which it is situated - Macomb, Emmet, Chalmers and Scothmd. By an act of the Legislature this was changed, with the result as stated. The following named gentlemen have served on the board : D. G. Tunniclift; James B. Kyle, B. 11. Hampton, C. K Harding, James M. Campbell, William Ervin, C. V. Chandler, W. II. Ilaiuline, Thompson Chandler, James Gamage.

The two eastern wards of the city elect a Supervisor, and the two western wards an Assistant Supervisor. The eastern part of the city being strongly Republican, always elects one ot that party to represent them on the Board. The western part, being Democratic, sends one of that faith as their representative. The fact that several of the foregoing gentlemen have served two or more terms will account for the small number of names ofiven.

In the new City Directory, compiled by James W. Beasly, we find recorded 1,224 names ; counting three and one-half to each name, which is a very small estimate, we have 4,284 inhabitants in the city. There are twenty-four Smiths ; seventy-six whose names begin with Mc ; 164 beginning with S ; 149 beginning with W; 147 beginning with M, and 112 beginning with C.

Thomas Philpot. - This gentleman first established himself in business in this city in 1863. In compan}'^ with D. W. Hawkins, Esq., he opened a gallery on the southeast corner of the public square, and almost from the first his success was established ; and from that day forward there never has been a time when he could not find plenty to do in his chosen profession. In 1871 he sold the gallery to another party, and removed to Galesburg, but only remained there a few months. Disposing of his interests there, he looked around for another location; visited several good towns and good cities throughout the "VYest, and, finding he could do no better, returned to Macomb and fitted up a new gallery on the north side of the square, over the clothing store of S. I*. Dewey, and in one of the best locations in the city. Here his old patrons returued in great uiiniber3, aad iu a very short time he again enjoyed a rati of work as large a3 ever. The secret of his success lies ill the fact that he is a Xo. 1 artist, and has pride iu the work which he does, whether it be a small gem or a large photograph finished iu water color or iu oil. No better work is done iu any gallery, east or west, and satisfaction is guaranteed iu every instance. Occupying a suite of rooms iu the most eligible part of the city, we find them fitted up iu a handsome manner, good taste being displayed in all things pertaining to their internal arrangement. It is really a treat to take a look through the gallery, examining the various specimens of work on exhibition ; whether a card photo or one of life size, excellence is written thereon. Mr. Philpot, as we remarked before, takes pride iu the character of his work, and desires to give satisfaction to ever} one - and he will give it. Special attention is given to cop^nng and enlarging old pictures. Mr. Philpot has made a specialty of this class of work for some years, and can take any kind of picture, however old or worn, and re-touch, copy and enlarge to any size from 8xt0 to 22x26 inches. Those desiring this class of work should not fail to call and see specimens and learn prices. Pictures finished in India ink or water colors, and at prices far below those of other galleries for the same grade of work. Visitors to the city should make it a point to drop in, see specimens, and leave their orfler. Gallery on north side of square, over McClellan's clothing store.

Joseph T. Adcock. - Everybody knows Joe, one of the most popular dealers in the city of Macomb. Coming to this city about the close of the war, and as soon as he recovered from wounds received in that "little onpleasantuess," he opened a stock of groceries and provisions, and from that time to the present he has engaged iu the same line of trade, and, we are pleased to add, success has crowned his every effort. lie is now on the east side square, corner East Jackson street, aud has in stock one of the finest stocks iu the city. Joe always has his eyes and ears open and knows what is going on in the world, and everything in the grocery and provision line that the market affords can always be found in his establishment. Clover, timothy and other grass seeds are a specialty with him. Remember Joe T. Adcock when in want of any of the above named goods, aud when having anything in the provision line you want to sell.

Welch & Thornton. - Few raeu, in the same length of time, have become better known and made more friends than the above named gentlemen. The senior member of the firm, Mr. George S. Welch, is a son of one of the first settlers of the countv, but who only came to this city in the fall of 1874. Having previously had a taste of the book business, he desired again to embark in that line of trade, and at once purchased the stock and good will of J. C. McClellan, Esq., then in business on the northeast corner of the square. With characteristic energy he began to push, and soon had a run of custom of which he had reason to be proud. It was his determination that his establishment should be the "boss house." How well he has succeeded, let his numerous patrons testify. In 1876 he received as a partner Mr. Anthony Thornton, who for two years past had filled the position of County Treasurer in a very acceptable manner, and a man as much respected as any in the county. With capital increased the firm branched out more extensively, and in the spring of 1877 purchased the large brick building which they now occupy, on the northeast corner. Their stock is at all times large and complete and worthy the attentioH of all.

3Iartin & Sons. - The senior member of this firm began business in Macomb as a cabinet maker, and for a number of years manufactured all the furniture that he sold. That his work was first class many of the old settlers of the county will testify, and the well preserved specimens of his work, in silent language will speak no less clearly and unmistakably. He brought to the town the first general stock of furniture, since which time he has been constantly engaged in the trade. He afterward received as a partner, his son, William E. Martin, since which time the firm has been known as B. F. Martin & Son. The stock and trade of the firm has been constantly increasing from that date to the present time, even while the financial affairs of the county were much depressed. The firm now occupies a room in the Opera House block, near the northeast corner of the square, the main salesroom of which is 20x60 feet with storage room in the rear the same size, while on the second floor they occupy two rooms, 40x60 feet, and every inch of the room above and below being crowded with a stock of goods equal to any in the Military tract.

Venable Bros. - In 1860, John Yenable came to Macomb, and on the southwest corner of the square opened a stock of woolen goods and engaged in the purchase and shipment of wool. The location tiot being suitable, he soon moved to the north side on the site of his present handsome brick. Adopting for his motto, "Good goods, quick sales, and small profits," he began a business career which has been very honorable and we trust profitable to himself. lie has since built a large brick store room thirty by sixty feet, and disposed of his interest in the trade to his sons, AVilliam, James C, and John W., who now compose the firm of Venable Bros. For a number of years the firm dealt exclusively in woolen goods, gaining a reputation to be envied for the superior quality of manufacture which they offered for sale. The senior Venable had many year's experience in the manufacture of woolen goods and therefore was well qualified to judge whether an article ofl:ered him was "shoddy" or not,aiid never permitted himself to purchase the former at any price. The reputation gained by the father is well maintained by the sons,aud the knowledge ot the fact that an article came from Yenables is a guarantee of its good qualit3^ The firm added to their line of woolen goods a complete stock of staple and fancy dry-goods, and notions, and to-day carry a stock second to none. The same uniform good quality is maintained in this department as in the line of woolens. "While the firm never sufi:ers itself to be undersold, it has always carried a line of the best goods in the city.

Kenner & Brooking. - This firm has been in existence but a few months, and is composed of William L. Kenner and A. V. Brooking, the latter of whom is as well known as any man in McDouough county, being an old settler and having done business here for many years. Mr. Kenner, though not so well known, has many friends, and is a pleasant and agi'eeable man to deal with. For several years past he has engaged in farming, and in that business been eminently successful. lie now returns to the city and engages in a trade in which he has had several years' experience. The firm are successors to the well known clothiers. Major & Trotter, who made an excellent reputation and had a good run of custom, transacting their business in the only honorable way - one price to all. Boy and man were treated just alike, and one could buy just as cheap as the other. The new firm propose to continue the same style, believing it will be more satisfactory to customers, as it is well known that "one price" must be the lowest price. All are invited to visit their store and examine stock and prices. You will find gentlemanly waiters and goods always at bottom prices.

W. M. Lipe. - This gentleman is another old settler of this county, and is as well known and has as many friends as any in it. We speak of him as being an old settler, which is true, but it does not necessarily follow that he is an old man. Far from it; he is in the prime of life, and doubtless will live many years. Mr. Lipe came to this county with his father in 1834, and lived upon a farm for a number of years, then becoming a resident of this city, and the greater part of that time being engaged in the retail grocery trade. His first experience in that business in this city was on the old Campbell corner, and after trying his hand in other locations he has again returned to the old corner, where he has, in a ver}-- short time, built up a trade second to none in the city. Should we be asked the reason for his success, we should reply that he keeps a good, clean, fresh stock of goods, he is never undersold, and is pleasant and accommodating to all. Occupying one of the most eligible locations in the city, keeping his stock full, and treating all alike, it is therefore not to be wondered that he does a thriving business. May it never grow less, but increase as the days go by.

A. P. Wetherhold. - A business career of nearly a quarter of a centurv will either brine; a man to ths front or send him far to the rear. In business there can be no middle ground for a man to occupy, he must either go forward and keep abreast of the times, or bo distanced in the race by his more enterprising neighbors. Day by day we see dropping out of sight those who were once thought to be enterprising business men, but who neglectful of the opportunities presented to them, failed to secure that success which seemed to be within easy reach. The gentleman whose name heads this item has for many years been a resident of this city, and in various enterprises has become identified with its growth and prosperity. Although a good business man, and one that looks closely to his own interests, he yet does not allow his mind to become wholly absorbed in these matters, but in other things in which the people are interested, he takes an active part, and in this way he has brought himself into notice and secured the affection and good will of thousands throughout McDonough and surrounding counties. But it is as a business man we have to deal with him in this article. As remarked, it has been nearly a quarter of a century since he first began business in this city, his first location being on the east side of the square, corner of east Jackson street and the square. Here he remained for some years, when ho removed to the north side, and from thence to the northeast corner, where he established a splendid trade. It has been but a short time since he removed to the south side, in Cottrell's block, where he may now be found, and where has been fitted up for him rooms especially adapted for his trade. He occupies here two floors, the first as a general salesroom, and the upper for the display of his carpets and general storage. A word with reference to the trade of Mr. Wetherhold. The stock consists of etaple and fancy dry goods, notions, boots, shoes, carpets, etc., and in each department he designs to carry a line of the best goods, and his reputation for superior goods has been made known far and wide. In the carpet department he carries the largest stock of any house in the county ,^_making of this line of goods more of a specialty than any other house. Housekeepers should by all means examine his stock before purchasing. In other departments will be found the best of all goods which there belong, and at prices that will satisfy the closest buyer. Remember A. P. AVetherliold, south side.

T. B. Smith. - This gentleman is well known throughout McDonough county as a contractor and builder, and can exhibit some of the finest work we have. Among the jobs lately completed by him is the fine residence of Thomas Gilmore, Esq., one of the neatest and best pieces of work in the county, While Mr. Smith is capable of doing any work in his line, he is ever willing to work at reasonable prices, believing in the motto, "Live and let live." Those designing to build, or having carpentry work of any kind to be done, should firet receive an estimate from Mr. Smith.

James Gamage. - This gentleman came to Macomb in 1862, and has since been a resident of the city, and engaged in one line of trade - that of a market for the sale ot fresh meat, fish, oysters, etc. From the first he secured a goo'd run of custom, which in all the years has never forsaken him. Other markets have arisen and vanished away, but the old " Macomb Market " still exists, and will as long as Mr. Gamage remains at its head. Few men in the city haVe a firmer hold upon the masses of the people, and, when in nomination for ofiice, he invariably runs ahead of his ticket, receiving the votes of many of the opposition. Mr. Gamage has served for some years as a member of the City Council of the City of Macomb, and at present is a representative in that body, and also is a member of the Board of Supervisors. In the discliarge of his public duties he brings to bear upon every question a liberal mind, capable of observing both sides of every question, and acting for the best interest of all. While he would ' study economy, he does not believe in being niggardly in expenditures for public good, realizing the old maxim that one can be " penny wise and pound foolish." In his private business he exercises the same general care of all details, and therefore has been reasonably successful in his work. lie is at all times in the market for the purchase ot choice beef cattle, for which he pays the highest market price in cash. lie also purchases hides, pelts and tallow. Call at the Macomb Market, Campbell's corner, Macomb, Illinois.

J. 31. Ifartin d- Sons. - The senior member of this firm has been for twenty-seven years engaged in contracting and building in this city and county, and some of the best and most subtantial work to be seen was by his hands. The junior, Mr, E. P. Martin, is a natural mechanic, and in some classes of work has no superior. For two or three years he was engaged with one of the largest firms in Chicago in stair building and other fine work. The firm is at all times ready to contract and build, and will guarantee satisfaction in every instance.

J. M. and T. H. Downing. - The senior member of this firm came to Macomb in October, 1869, from Quincy, Illinois, having left his native place (Downingtown, Chester county, Pennsylvania,) for that city, where he pursued his studies in dentistrj-. On arriving in this city he purchased the office and good will of Dr. E. B. Ilamil. During the first year he had a fair run of work and succeeded in making many friends and acquaintances ; since which time the business has gradually increased until now the firm have the largest dental practice enjoyed by any in this part of the State. In 1874, rooms were secured in Cottrell's block, south side, and arranged especially for the business, and we have no hesitation in saying they have the best fitted rooms in the city or county. In 1873, Mr. T. II. Downing commenced the study of dentistry, and was admitted a member of the firm the past year. This gentleman, as well as the senior members of the firm, is an excellent workman, and is now making regular trips to P>landinsville and Bardolph, in this county, and Plymouth, Hancock county, and we are pleased to chronicle the fact that he has met with uniform good success in each of the three places he visits. The firm is the only one in this part of the state prepared to do dentistry in all its branches, particularly in gold plate, rubber and celluloid, and none enjoy a better reputation ior ^ood work. In the manufacture ot rubber plate they are regularly licensed by the Goodyear Rubber Plate Company. Their list of patients is constantly increasing. They are now using, when requested by the patient, nitrous oxide gas, a substitute for chloroform, having none of its bad effects. When given, teeth are extracted without j)ain, and from the time the application is made, the teeth drav^^n, and the patient fully restored to consciousness, it does not exceed three minutes. We take pleasure in recommending this firm to our readers as perfectl}^ reliable in every respect. All can be assured that what they say they can do they can do, and what they say they will do they will do. We trust their patronage will continue to increase in the future as in the past, and we believe that it will, as "true merit always finds its reward."

Vinegar Manufactory. - Alexander Holmes was the originator of this branch of business in Macomb, and in September, 1874, erected a press on the corner of Washington and Mc Arthur streets, having a capacity of eighty gallons per hour, or eight hundred gallons per day of ten working hours. That year the apple crop was very heavy, and consequently work was plenty, and the press was run nearly to its full capacity for some two or three months. In 1875, apples were very scarce, but notwithstanding a good run was made. A ready sale was found at fair prices for all the vinegar manufactured, and the demand was in excess of the supply. In 1876, another and still larger press was added with a capacity of one hundred and twenty gallons an hour, making now two hundred gallons per day, of ten hours, as the amount that can be produced. It is the design of Mr. Holmes to begin the manufacture each year about the middle of August, and continuing until about the middle of December, and now that he is well prepared for the business we look for this to be one of the main features of Macomb. Pure cider vineirar will hereafter always be kept on hand for sale wholesale and retail. Apples ground and pressed on shares, or the highest market price paid for cider apples during the season.

*S^. P. Danley. - One of the most popular places of resort in the city is the art gallery of the aboved named gentleman. It has been many years since Mr. Danley ran a gallery on the south side the square, manufacturing first the old Daguerreotype, then the ambrotype and otlier improvements upon the original sun pictures; and one thing can truly be remarked of him, he never drags behind, but is always abreast of the times, and no sooner is a new picture announced, proving to have any merit, but this gentleman is prepared to make it. In photography he has not a superior in this section of the country, and his pictures are known far and wide, and his reputation as an artist is first class wherever he is known. In obtaining life-like pictures of children he cannot be beat, and his judgment with respect to position, light and shade is superior to the majority of artists. His patience with the little ones is to be commended. About the year 1871, Mr. Danley purchased the well known gallery of Hawkins & Philpot, on the southeast corner of the square, and at once occupied their rooms. Here he remained until the building was torn down bj David Scott, when he was without a suitable room for some months. On re-building, Mr. Scott fitted up a suite of rooms specially for his use, and to-da}' a more cosy gallery, or one better adapted to the business, is hard to find. To those desirous of firstclass work we have no hesitancy in recommending S. P. Danley. Special attention given to enlarging and copying in oil and water colors.

E. H. Black. - One of the finest business stores west of Chicasro is that of E, H. Black, in the Opera House block. This gentleman came to Macomb, some seven or eight years ago, and shortlj after purchased a half interest in the book store of H. Seymour, continuing that relation, we believe, some eighteen months, when he retired from the firm and purchased the book establishment of S. J. Clarke, on the northeast corner of the square. In this location he remained until the completion of the Opera House, on the northwest corner of the square, when he moved into the corner room, which is certainly one of the finest in the city and in the State. In this room he has constantly on exhibition a stock of books, stationery, wall paper, window shades, toys and fancy goods that would do credit to a city twenty times the size of Macomb. No one should visit the city without calling at Black's book store.

B.F. Gloyd. - This gentleman for a number of years past has been engaged very extensively in the importation and breeding of fine stock, and credit is due him for the great advancement made in this business in this county. We believe it was at his suggestion that the first importation was made. Mr. Gloyd has now five horses which are pronounced by good judges to be the finest in the county, and well worth a day's travel to see. The time for breeding to common stock has gone by, as it don't pay, and our farmers begin to realize the fact. A demand always exists tor good stock, while for common a sale can scarcely ever be made. Of the horses mentioned, "Banker" is a dark bay, imported Clydesdale, and needs only to be seen to be admired. "Annandale" is another Clydesdale, and second only to Banker, and by some would be preferred. "Barney Sperry" and "Johnny Bethel" are both steel-gray, one-half blood Percheron, while "Scotland" is likewise a half blood Percheron. For any information in relation to the above, address B. F. Gloyd, Macomb, Illinois.

A. V. Brooking. - In the stables of A. V. Brooking, this cit}', may be seen three as nice and noble specimens of the horse as any would wish to see. We are glad to see the interest being taken in breeding the better class of stock in this county. The question, "Will it pay?" we think has been pretty efl'ectually solved, and our farmers now realize and know it will pay. The following horses will be found at Brooking's stables : "Gloria." This fine stallion was imported from France in Kovember, 1874, by Began Brothers, of Ottawa, Illinois. He is now eight years old, and weighs 1,900 pounds. Is a beautiful dapple gray, remarkably kind and gentle in disposition. "Rothamagus." - Was imported from France in July, 1870, by I)r. B. R. Westfall, of Macomb, Illinois. He is now eleven years old, is 16J hands high, and weighs 1,700 pounds. "Chickamauga." - Is a bright bay,with black points, 15J hands high. A natural pacer, and could go in 2:30 before he was hipped. Chickamauga has but six colts that we know of old enough to be trained. Of these Chickamauga, Jr., has a record of 2:29J; Susie Ross, 2:32; Billy Butler, 2:38. The Kenner mare, the Crab mare, and Snap Dragon, have never been trained, but can trot a mile in three minutes easily ; they are all from very common mares. Any information desired in reference to any of the foregoing mentioned horses, will be cheerfully given by their owner. Call at stables on East Jackson street, or address A. V. Brooking, Macomb, Illinois.

Summary

The following is a carefully compiled statement of the number of firms represented in the various trades and professions named: agricultural implements, five; bakers and confectioners, two; banks, three; barbers, five ; billiard halls, one ; blacksmiths, seven; boarding houses, six ; books and stationery, two ; boot and shoe makers and dealers, seven ; bounty and pension agents, two ; bowling alleys, two ; broom manufacturers, two ; carpenters and builders, ten ; cider and vinegar manufacturers, three ; cigar manufacturers, one; city scales, one; collecting agents, two; clothing and gents' furnishing goods, four ; commission merchants, one; confectioners, three; coopers, two ; dairies, two; dentists, two ; dress and cloak makers, six ; druggists, five ; dry goods, ten ; egg packer, one ; express companies, one ; flour and feed, six ; foundries and machine shops, one ; florists, one ; furniture, three; grain dealers, two; gas company, one; grindstone company, one; groceries, fourteen; gunsmiths, two; hair works, three; hardware, three ; hats and caps, nine; hide dealers, three; hotels, two; horse breeder and dealer, one ; ice dealer, one; insurance agents, eight; lawyers, fifteen; livery, feed and sale stables, three ; loan agents, two ; lumber dealers, three ; marble works, one ; mattress makers, one ; meat markets, four ; mills, three; millinery and milliner}^ goods, five; music and musical instruments, four ; music teachers, six ; newspapers and printers, three ; notaries public, twelve; notion dealers, two ; novelty shops, two ; nurseries, three ; opera house, one ; painters, eight : photographers, two ; physicians, ten ; picture and frame dealers, three; potteries, two ; pump factories, one ; planing mills, one ; real estate dealers, two; restaurants, five; saddle and harness makers; three; sewing machine dealers, three; steamship agents, three; master in chancery, one ; sorghum evaporator manufacturer, one , stove and tinware dealers, four ; tailor shops, seven ; trunk and valise dealers, three; undertakers, two; wagon makers and dealers, six ; watches, clock and jewelry dealers, four.

Bakers And Confectioners

Savings Bank - in connection with First National Bank. The First National Bank, northwest corner Square. Union National Bank, iiorthcast corner Square.

Carpenters And Builders

Brooking it Rowe. southeast corner of Campbell and Calhoun. Holmes, A., southwest corner of Washington and McArthur. I'illsbury, E. P., corner of Madison and Washington.

City Scales Collectixg Agents

Kenner & Brooking, 3, Bailey's Block, north side of the Square. MfClellan, J. C, 7 north side of the Square. Wilson & Fellheimer, 16 north side of the ;?quare. Wald Bros., east side of the Square.

Hair Dressing

Clarke, Mrs. B. F., west s.de Lafayette north of Carroll. James, Mrs. S. A., second floor, southwest coruer Square. Robinson, Mrs. A. W., No. 13 south Randolph.

Hardware Hats And Caps

Hall, Geo, P., south side Square. Kenner & Brooking, No. 3 north side Square, Lamon, P. E., northeast corner Square. McClellan, J. C, No. 7 north side Square. McElrath, T., southwest corner Squ» re. Randolph, B. F., No. 15 north side Square. Twyraan, H. C, agent, northwest corner Square. Willson & Fellheimer, No. 10 north side Square. Wald Bros., east side Square.

Horse Breeders And Dealers Insurance Agents

Brooking. A. V., south side of Jackson east of the Square. Dodds, W. J., south side of Jackson west of the Square. French, S., southeast'corner of theSauare.

Meat Markets

Adeock Bros., east side of the Square. Gamage, James, west side of the Square. Davis. W. H., north Randolph. Scott, L. W., west side of the square.

Trull, & Son, southeast r-orner Randolph and Walker. Penrose, J. & Bro., southeast corner Jeflerson and McArthur. Tinsley, N. P., east side Lafayette, north of Pierce.

Newspapbrs And Printers

Macomb Independent, H. H. Stevens proprietor, Campbell's l)lock, west side Square. Macomb Journal, Hampton & Hainline proprietors, 8 north Randolph. Macomb Eagle, C. H. Whitaker proprietor, second floor 11 north side Square.

Stoves And Tinware

Ilastie, \V., sec.nd floor Holland's Block, Randolph. Kerman, Wm., at Wald Bros., east side Square, McClellan, J. C, No. 7, north Side of the Square. Milligan, G., east side of the Square. Phelps, Wm., second floor, northwest comer of the square. Strauss & Wilson, No. 16, north side of the Square. Venable Bros., No. 11, north side of the Square. Phelps, J. H., north side of the Square, Bailey's Block.

Watches, Clocks And Jewelry

Kline, C, 5 Bailey block, north side Square. Seem & Broaddus, northeast corner Square. Stocker, L.. south side Square. Wilson, J. H., south side Square.

Christian Church, north side Carroll, east of Lafayette street; Elder G. W. Mapes, pastor. Congregational Church, north side Carroll, east of Randolph street.

City Government Council

First Ward, W. E. Martin, and E. F. Bradford ; Second Ward, J. H. Cummings. and J. E. Wyne; Third Ward, John McLean, and D. Scott; Fourth Ward, W. O. Thomas, and J. Gamage.

Miscellaneous

Good Samaritan Temperance Society, meets alternately at the churches, Sunday at 4 P. M. Macomb Literary Society, meets every Monday evening. Hall in Holland's block, Macomb Shooting Club, meets Campbell's block, west side Square, second Tuesday each month. McDonough County Stock, Agricultural and Mechanical Association. Fair grounds south end of Lafayette.