Ashland Township

Ghey Ndei Chandler Wille

was born in Vermont in 17638, enlisted in 1781 in the Vermont line of troops, under Capt. Josiah Fish. He came to Illinois in 1826, locating near what is now Virginia, entered land in township 18, range 9, there. remained until his death. He was buried in a country graveyard but later was by Downing Post, G. A. R., removed to the Walnut Ridge Cemetery, and a government marker placed at the head of his grave.

At Beardstown, in Oak Grove Cemetery, was erected by popular subscription, under the auspices of McLean Post, No, 97, at a cost of $800, a marble statue of an infantry soldier of heroic size. It was dedicated to the "Soldiers and Sailors of Illinois," June 16, 1891.

In the city cemetery, at Beardstown, has been erected, under the auspices of the Women's Relief Corps, and dedicated to the soldiers and sailors. a granite boulder, 7 feet high, surmounted by cannon balls. This boulder was brought from Schuyler County, under the direction of Christ Bradman, an ex-soldier, now deceased. The cost, which was nearly $450, was defrayed by popular subscription.

Society

CLIMATIC CONDITIONS - MANY EARLY PHYSICIANS COLLEGE GRADUATES - HARD LIFE AMONG PIONEERS - FIRST PHYSICIAN IN CASS COUNTY - OTHERS DURING FIRST DECADE - SEVERAL FOUNDERS OF TOWNS AND VILLAGES - DR. CHARLES CHANDLER - DR. HENRY HALL - DR. THOMAS POTHICARY - PHYSICIANS WHO CAME LATER - THEIR PART IN BUILDING UP THE COUNTY - A PROMINENT PHYSICIAN AND CHEMIST - PHYSICIANS OF THE PRESENT TIME - COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY.

Climatic Conditions

Aside from the miasmatic districts of the low lands along the river bottoms, and around the stretches of sloughs and stagnant ponds on the prairies, the early climatic conditions of Cass County were fairly good. Since the formation of drainage districts in the river bottoms, and the introduction of tile draining whereby the boggy prairie lands have been all under-drained, and both localities relieved almost entirely of miasma, Cass County is probably as healthful a county as can be found in all Illinois. Notwithstanding the géneral healthfulness of the county the early settlers were subject to ailments that baffled the skill of the old men and women herb doctors, and it was hailed as a providential circumstance that brought the regular, educated and skilled physician into the wild and sparsely settled districts of this western country. Many of these physicians were graduates of some eastern college and some of a university of a foreign country, and might well have located in any of the populous towns or cities of the east, and in the course of time might have secured a lucrative practice, and some there were who did try the experiment. Armed with a diploma, which they had secured with so much hard mental toil, and which they looked upon as a sure passport to immediate wealth and fame, they selected a propitious locality and hung out their "shingle." Sick people, however, cared little for diplomas, and neglected to call the youngsters, but persisted in their simple-minded notion of sending for the old and experienced family physician who had long since forgotten he had ever possessed a diploma. It was this lack of encouragement on the part of civilization together with the lure of glowing accounts of the beauties of the western country and its rapidly increasing population, that led the young doctors to pack up their diplomas, their pill bags and lancet, and start west for the land said to be flowing with milk and honey.

The herb doctors, mentioned above, should not be classed with the regular physicians of a certain school who styled themselves 'botanic doctors," but they include the good old grandmothers, and the thoughtful, elderly men to be found in every pioneer neighborhood, who had learned the medicinal yalues, and the stimulative and curative properties of a great many of the herbs, barks, plants and roots growing wild in the wooded country, and knew how to prepare them for use as household remedies, in cases of simple ailments. Ginseng, snakeroot, wild cherry bark, Indian turnip, calamus, boneset, slippery elm and walnut bark, were all gathered and stored away in niches and corners of the cabins for use when occasion demanded.

Hard Life Among Pioneers

When the regular physicians came, however, and located in or near a settlement, they were generally welcomed. In the main, they did not stand aloof and pose as a superior class, relying upon the dignity of their profession as sutticient evidence of their superiority, but those who succeeded best usually selected a tract of land. and either purchased it from the prior owner, or entered it from the government, then immediately set about as did the other settlers, to make a home for themselves and family; to advance the interests of the new community, and to add what they could to the general progress and prosperity. Many are remembered as noble, generous hearted and kind, 'animated by an indomitable spirit of progress and enterprise." Yet, of all the inhabitants of the new country, the physicians, perhaps, endured the greatest hardships. At any and all hours of the night or day they were called upon to respond to the call for the relief of suffering; no night being too dark or cold, no storm too severe to deter them. They swam their horses over swollen streams, and guided them through the timber and thickets of underbrush where not even a bridle path led to the widely separated dwellings of the pioneer. Often drenched with rain, and their clothing frozen stiff upon thei, almost perishing, they plodded on. weary and hungry, and for but little remuneration at the best. In a measure, however, they had their reward. No person in all the country round was so highly respected as the doctor. The very word "doctor" before his name was the sesame that threw open to him every door far and wide. The best bed in the house was at his disposal, if he could find but a few minutes to take a much needed repose, while the very choicest the table could afford was placed before him if he would but delay on his ride long enough to partake of it. He was honored and beloved as he deserved, and aside from his professional skill was often called on to act in other capacities. It was he who was present at the birth of the first born, and often at the birth of many following children, because in those days the family was large, and it was he who stood by when the last flicker of life went out from the wife and mother, his best skill conld not save, and closed her eves and turned to console, as a small children to rear alone. Thus the pioneer doctor went on his daily and nightly rounds, year in and year out, and only an iron constitution, which so many of them seem to have had, withstood the wearying, grinding experience. High was the character of the doctors, in the main, who were among the early settlers who came to Illinois and were such effective factors in advancing civilization, and they merit a special place in the history of every community.

The first physician to locate near and practice in Cass County, was Dr. Andrew Elder, who was born at Lexington, Ky., July 6, 1798. He attended the public schools of that city, and also Lexington College, from which institution he was graduated in 1820. He later entered the medical department of Transylvania University, Lexington, and on March 9, 1823; was awarded the degree of Doctor of Medicine. In the following spring he came with his father to Illinois, and located on a farm south of Old Princeton, in what was then Morgan County. In 1826, Princeton, which is now one of the vanished and almost forgotten villages of the county, had reached such importance as to require a postoffice, auld Eli Redding was appointed postmaster. On January 15, 1828, Dr. Elder married Miss Hannah Redding. daughter of the aforesaid postmaster. This is said to have been the first wedding of white people in the territory now comprising Cass County. The doctor moyed into the village of Princeton in 1835, but later returned to the farm. Subsequently he sold the Morgan County farm and bought one on section 1s, township 17, range 9, in Cass County. After residing on it for a while, he sold his farm, and buying another in the edge of Morgan County, moved to it with his family, continuing his practice as a country physician. In 1859, he sold his farm and came back to Princeton, but only remained in that village until the following spring, when he moved to Logan County. Ill. There, in the village of Williamsville, near the southern line of that county, he departed this life on Mareh 6, 1872. His two sons. Charles and Ripley Elder, became preachers of the gospel. and were citizens of this county many years.

Other Early Physicians

Massachusetts in 1778. After a trip of six weeks on horseback in 1829, he reached Meredosia, in Morgan County, but finding there were already two physicians in that place, decided to go further. Learning of the Mound village, on up the Illinois River, he made his plans to locate there, and returning to his home, settled up his affairs, and once more came west, bringing his family with him. This time he landed at St. Louis, and taking a flatboat, loaded it with what goods and chattels he possessed, and with his family made a laborious trip of six weeks to Beardstown, in the same year it had been laid out. Dr. Rew was the first physician to practice his profession at Beardstown. He remained there for some time, and then purchased a farm on section 29, township 18, range 11, near the present site of Bluff Springs. Until his death, May 23, 1842, he continued to reside on this farm, managing his property while engaged in the practice of his profession. In 1846, his widow married (second) Benjamin Stribling, the father of Isaac Milton Stribling, now deceased, who was one of the largest landowners and wealthiest farmers of Cass County at the time of his demise. Dr. Rew was buried in the old cemetery which he had helped to establish, in the city of Beardstown. His daughter, Mrs. Cynthia A. McConnell, who was, for forty years, a resident of Virginia, is still living at the home of her son, Louis McConnell, in McCook. Neb.

Founder Of Chandlerville

Dr. Charles Chandler was the next physician of Cass County, and came as far as Beardstown in the spring of 1832, on a steamboat bound for Fort Clark on Lake Peoria. but the second Black Hawk war was then agitating the people and making it dangerous to travel very far to the north, so Dr. Chandler stopped off and after investigating the country, located near the mouth of Panther Creek, the present site of Chandleryille. He was born July 2, 1806, at Woodstock, Conn. He founded and laid out the present village of Chandlerville, where he lived and practiced his profession until his sudden death in 1879.

Laid Out Town Of Virginia

Dr. Samuel McClure came to Cass County from Kentucky in 1834, and settled on land which he later made into an excellent farm. He laid claim to the southwest quarter of section 19, township 17, range 10, which he entered November 5, 1835. Dr. McClure belonged to that school of practice known as "botanic doctors," or '"Tomsonians," but they were styled by physicians who regarded themselves as the "regular" profession, as "root and yerb" peddlers, therefore the right hand of good fellowship was not extended to Dr. McClure by the exclusive circle of "regulars," but nevertheless he was highly regarded as a man and citizen, even by the old school doctors. He was born in Woodford County, Ky., October 5, 1800. His father was a Slave holder, in affluent circumstances, and gave his son a very liberal education. Before entering upon the practice of medicine, Dr. McClure taught school for several years. Then, having devoted his spare time to the study of medical books written by Dr. Thompson, the botanical theorist, he left the schoolroom, and began to put to a practical test the ideas he had been studying. On March 13, 1833, he married Miss Louisa Graff, a daughter of another well-to-do farmer of Woodford County. Ky., and the next spring they came to Illinois, making the trip in a wagon. The main reason for Dr. McClure leaving the south was his antipathy to slavery. Although he had been reared in the midst of slavery, his father owning a large number of slaves, the system was very obnoxious to him, and as it seemed impossible to remove slavery from the southern states, rather than live under its blight, he concluded to move to the free state of Illinois. During the winter of 1834-5, he taught school, and so continued during several following winters. The public school system had not then been introduced, and school teachers, competent or otherwise, were extremely scarce. Therefore Dr. Mc- Clure's advent and the opening of his winter school, were highly appreciated by the neighboring settlers. By patient toil and industry, and living a frugal, temperate life, Dr. McClure gained something more than a competence, and left to his children a splendid farm in a high state of cultivation, well improved and well stocked. He had abandoned practice several years prior to his death. Three children, two daughters and one son, were born to Dr. and Mrs. McClure. The younger daughter, Ann Dupuy McClure, was married November 10, 1859, to Robert Hall, a son of Dr. Henry Hall, the founder of the town of Virginia. Mrs. Hall died at her home in Virginia, July 24, 1892. Dr. McClure was one of the substantial, reliable men of Cass County, a good neighbor, and a supporter of churches, schools and all other agencies of modern civilization. His influence was always given to such movements as tended to better the conditions of society. On the farm where he devoted the best years of his life to hard toil, Dr. McClure died on August 27, 1865, aged sixty-four years, ten months and eight days.

Dr. Thomas Pothicary

The next physician to follow Dr. Henry Hall, in the new town on the prairie, was Dr. Thomas Pothicary, who, together with his wife and two small children, entered the village from the west, having landed from a steamboat at Beardstown, on the Illinois River, and from that thriving city, drove with an ox-team over the state road to the future capital of Cass County. Dr. Pothicary was born in Wilkeshire, England, April 21, 1797. His advent in the village was on July 4, 1886, but two months after Dr. Hall had platted a portion of the lands recently acquired from the government, into squares, streets, lots and alleys. There were but three houses in Virginia, when Dr. Pothicary and his family sought shelter from the broiling sun that hot July day. Where they stopped or where they lived during the succeeding year is unknown. The only record of the physician's early attempts to establish a home is found in the office of the recorder of deeds. There it appears that on September 11, 1887, Reddick Horn conveyed to him for a consideration of $68, lot 102 in the original town. That lot is the site of the King furniture store on the south side of the courthouse square. On that lot Dr. Pothicary began at once to erect a two-story frame building, which, when completed, he called a tavern. For many years Pothicary's Tavern was known far and wide. The stage coaches from Beardstown and from Springfield made it a stopping place. It is not known where he obtained the sawed lumber that went into the construction of the building, but presumably at Beardstown, thirteen miles distant, as this town at that time had a sawmill.

Dr. Pothicary also kept a few standard drugs and medicines, and thus in embryo, was the first druggist of Virginia. The results from his sale of these medicaments together with the profits of tavern keeping and the remuneration received from a necessarily limited practice as a physician, brought him some little wealth. The records show that he bought and sold several lots in Virginia. It is said that Dr. Pothicary in religious affiliation, in early days of his life, was a Quaker. When he came to Virginia he was thirty-nine years old, and there being no church building of any sort, nor any religious society in existence there, nor for some time thereafter, he gave little expression to his views on any religious subject. He was, however, almost puritanical in his intolerance and abhorrence of vice and immorality in any form. He never used profanity, or vulgar language, and detested those who did, nor would he permit the use of such language in his tavern or in any place where he exercised control. He had the honor of entertaining the governor of the state for one night at his tavern. In 1845, the Mormon troubles were still agitating the people' at Nauvoo, in Hancock County, and when they assumed larger proportions than the local authorities could handle, the state militia was called out. Governor Thomas Ford being advised of the difficulty, promptly called the militia to suppress the belligerents. Emulating the example of one of his predecessors, Governor John Reynolds in the Black Hawk war, he placed himself at the head of a company of soldiers and marched westward from Springfield, the capital, until the sun was out of sight behind the Pothicary tavern, when he and his command halted in the town of Virginia, and the infantry went to camp on the Public Square, and the artillery on the brow of the hill about on the present site of the Christian church. The Governor, however, did not camp with the private soldiers, but established his headquarters at the Pothicary tavern, where, after a satisfying hearty supper, such as the hospitable doctor-landlord would naturally prepare and set before his distinguished guest, the Governor began talking. Then occurred an incident which well illustrates the characteristics of the doctor. The Governor, it is said, was, under certain conditions, addicted to the use of language which did not meet with the approval of the landlord, who requested the Governor to refrain from the use of some expressions which offended him. Two versions are given of the incident. One is that the Governor resented the reproof, and asked Dr. Pothicary if he knew to whom he was speaking, reminding him that he was the Governor of Illinois, to which, according to the tradition, Dr. Pothicary replied that he would not permit him to use such language in his house, governor or no governor. The other version, as told to the writer by Hon. W. H. Weaver, of Petersburg, Ill., who says he Was present and heard the conversation, was that when Dr. Pothicary requested the Governor to refrain from the use of such language, the official looked up in astonishment, but apparently realizing the error of his conduct, apologized to the doctor, and was about to retire, when another person, the Rey. W. H. Collins, who had stepped into the hotel to take a look at the distinguished visitor, began to lecture the chief executive, and the latter, smarting under his huiiliation at the just rebuke from the landlord, looked squarely at the little preacher who was just about the size of the Governor, and, with withering scorn, intimated with emphatic language that it was none of his concern what he, the Governor, said, and turning on his heel went up to his room,

After the county seat had been removed to Beardstown, in 1845, and so many merchants of Virginia had gone to the new county seat or elsewhere, Dr. Pothicary remained at Virginia, for two years, when he, too, capitulated, and moved to Beardstown, where, down on Main street, near the river in that town, he conducted a tavern for about a year. He then returned to Virginia, and bought a farm near Sugar Grove, in township 17. range 9, containing 160 acres. There he and his family lived until 1849, when, on gold being discovered in California in such quantities as to excite the interest of the whole country, Dr. Pothicary, with a number of others from Virginia and its vicinity, went to California. He was not successful as a miner, and soon came back richer in experience only, and continued to live on his farm for thirty-two years. During the Civil war he was appointed provost marshal when it was deemed expedient to draft men into the service. He served his country faithfully and well during that trying period in that exacting position. No man, not even a Palestinian tax gatherer in the days of Herod. was so cordially hated as the provost marshal. However, Dr. Pothicary was not performing his duties along that line to receive the approbation of his fellow citizens, or to avoid their hatred. He was intensely patriotic towards his adopted land, and was doing all in his power, in his advanced age, to assist the federal government in its hour of sore distress. In 1870 Dr. Pothicary and his wife moved to Virginia, his family having in the meanwhile grown to maturity and married. There he purchased a lot in Stowe's Addition, built on it a comfortable house, and there they lived until July 23, 1878, when he died from the loss of blood from a wound inflicted by his own hand. He had reached the ripe age of eighty-one years, two months and twelve days, and was buried in the Robinson graveyard near his farm home. Thus passed away one of Cass County's unique characters, one who had been a peculiar and familiar figure in and about the central portion of Cass County for forty-two years.

Dr. Mahlon H. L. Schooley was born in Leesburg, Loudoun County, Va., December 12, 1812. There he received a common school education, and advanced sufficiently in learning to qualify for teaching school, in which work he engaged for several years. In 1837 he cast his fortune with the great wave of emigration that set towards Illinois, and with a number of others landed at Beardstown, in the spring of that year. He learned of the settlement on Panther Creek, up the Sangamon bottom, and of the generous, kindly Dr. Chandler, who had started that settlement, and so trudged on foot up to that point in Cass County. The young man found a place with Dr. Chandler, with whom he studied medicine for three years, and then, upon the advice of the good doctor, went to Virginia, Ill, in 1840. He soon acquired an excellent practice, and in the summer of 1841 was married to Catherine J. Gatton, a daughter of Thomas Gatton, one of the pioneers of Cass County, locating in it when it was still a portion of Morgan County. Dr. Schooley, after his marriage, bought two lots in the first addition to Virginia, which had a small frame house on them, and there he lived until he was attacked by the gold fever of 1849. In the meanwhile he had been presented as a candidate to the people by the Whig party for the office of county recorder, he being a hearty supporter of that party. Dr. Schooley was elected at the regular election in August, 1843, but a vote being taken in September of that same year on the county seat question, resulting in its removal to Beardstown, the doctor resigned his office when the records were removed two years later, as he

A Prominent Physician And Chemist

» did not care to give up his practice as a physician, as he would have been obliged to do if he had followed them to Beardstown. He was an enterprising citizen, and engaged in a milling business with N. B. Beers, as has already been mentioned. In 1849 he closed out his business and in company with Dr. Pothicary, Joseph Cosner, John Buckley and others, went to California by way of New Orleans and the Isthmus of Panama. After spending a year in California, he returned to Cass County, but if he brought any great amount'of gold back with him, he very carefully concealed the fact. He soon regained his practice, and his leadership in his community. When the company for the building of the Illinois River Railroad, afterwards called the Peoria, Pekin & Jacksonville Railroad, was formed, he was elected its secretary. Prospering, he soon built a very large and substantial residence on the lots he had formerly purchased. It is the property now known as the Samuel Petefish residence on west State street. and is yet regarded as one of the best in Virginia. The doctor, however, found his health failing, and so sold all his belongings in Cass County, and moved to Bath, in Mason County. There he remained for two years without any appreciable improvement in his health. so again selling. he went to Cass County, Mo., where, in 1877. he died at the age of sixty-five years and two days, having expired just two days after the anniversary of his birthday, December 12. A PROMINENT PHYSICIAN AND CHEMIST. Dr. Theodore A. Hoffman was born in Saxe- Altenburg, a district of Saxony, Germany, on November 9, 1808S. He was thoroughly educated in the better schools of his native land during his youth. later being apprenticed to a prominent chemist of Neustadt. where, during his four years indenture, he became remarkably proficient and skillful. He attended for three years the University of Jena, an institution of wide reputation, his principal studies there being chemistry, botany, physiology and pharmacy. In 1829 he removed to Hamburg, and from that place, in May, 1881, he set sail for the United States, landing at New York in August of the same year. Settling at Brooklyn, N. Y., he there established a laboratory where the first artificial borax was manufactured in the country, the process being at that time known only in Germany; one year later went to Northamp- ton, Pa., and associated himself with Dr. Wessehoft, but moved from there to Philadelphia. In 1835 he visited St. Louis, and after a summer in that city, came to Beardstown, where he at once engaged in the practice of medicine, and also opened and conducted a small drug store. In 1847 he sold his drug store to Menke & Bro., and revisited Germany with his family, consisting of his wife and three children. On his return to America, he resided a year at St. Louis, but then came back to Beardstown, where he repurebased his drug store, and resumed his practice. Once more he sold the drug store to Menke & Bro., and opened an office at his residence, where, for a number of years. he devoted his attention to perfecting scientific methods. Ee received from the national government in 1858 a patent for the improved manufacture of dextrine, sugar, alcohol, etc. In 1866 he received a patent for a respirator, and in 1870, one for an aspirator, designed to prevent the overheating of bulk grain, etc.. for which he received a diploma at the St. Louis Fair of 1871. Again, in 1s72. he received a patent for the improvement in the generation of ozone, as a remedy for diseases of the respiratory organs. Dr. Hoffman Was married in September, 1889. to Lucia E. Menke. and he died at Beardstown, June 30, 1880, at the age of eighty-one years, seven months and twenty-one days.

Dr. Frederick Ehrhardt, another highly educated German, who came to Cass County in an early day. was born at Grund, in the Hartz Mountains, in southern Hanover. Germany, on March 15, 1817. He received an excellent early school training in his home schools, and when twenty-one years of age, in 1888, he entered Gottingen University in the Kingdom of Hanover, from which he was graduated in 1842, and then passed a state or government examination, in which he received the highest honors of his class. Two years later he determined to cast his fortunes with the American republic. and after an interesting trip in a sailing vessel. he arrived at Baltimore. Md.. where he remained practicing his profession. thinking for a time that he would make that city his permanent home. Many Germans coming to this country, however, had gone to more western states, especially to Missouri, St. Louis attracting them, as it then had prospects of becoming the great metropolis of the West. and after two years at Baltimore, Dr. Ehrhardt took a stage trip over the Alleghenies to the Ohio River, and went by boat to St. Louis.

There he was establishing himself fairly well in practice, when he received from an old schoolmate of Gottingen University, a pressing invitation by letter to come to Beardstown, glowing accounts being painted of the future of the little village on the Illinois River. Yielding to importunities, he therefore came to Beardstown in 1s47, and at once began the practice of medicine. Two years later, in January, 1849, he was united in marriage at Beardstown, to Miss Caroline Havecluft, a daughter of one of the very earliest pioneer settlers of Cass County. Dr. Ehrhardt Was a man of broad education, of a scientific mind, and thoroughly schooled in the knowledge of materia medica. A man of very studious habits, he was yet sociable and companionable in his intercourse with his fellow men, and a highly esteemed resident of Beardstown for many years. He died in that city in November, 1881, and his wife on October 10,1911. One son, Dr. Henry Ehrhardt, resides at Beardstown, where he has been a successful medical practitioner for many years.

Another of the early settlers of Cass County in the medical profession was Dr. Harvey Tate, who came to the county in 1841. He was born February 20, 1810, in Miami County, Ohio, and there studied medicine and practiced for about ten years, when he came to Beardstown. From that place he drove over the rough roads to within three miles of Virginia, and there settled, remaining for a short time, and during that period practiced his profession, then moved to Virginia, and soon securing a lucrative practice, continued a resident of that town the remainder of his life, except for a brief period when he lived at Nauyoo, and one season when he traveled in eastern states, hoping the change would prove beneficial to his wife's health. Dr. Tate held several of the town offices, and was at one time county superintendent of the public schools of Cass County. He died at his home in Virginia, June 21, 1891, at the advanced age of eighty-one years.

Other physicians came to Beardstown and Virginia at an early day, but little can be learned of them. except that they were well educated and highly trained in their profession. They became highly respected residents of the county, who lent their aid in every way to secure an uplifting of the communities in which they located. In 1834, there were at Beardstown the following physicians: Drs. Christ, Hochstetter, Owen M. Long, and J. C. Smith. Between that time and 1848, came Drs. V. A. Turpin, Charles Sprague, C. C. Emmerick and George Van Ness, and perhaps others came, but, remaining for only a short time, have slipped from the memory of the old residents. Dr. Charles A. Hathwell came to Jersey Prairie and located about a half nile east of Princeton. Later he moved into Virginia, where he divided the practice with Dr. Rufus 8S. Lord, Dr. Conn and Dr. Stockton. Dr. Charles E. Lippincott, another early physician, located at Chandlerville in 1849. Dr. Samuel Christy came to Beardstown in 1849, and after practicing and conducting a drug store there until 1852, moved on a farm which he purchased, in Lancaster (now Philadelphia) Precinct. There he gained an extensive country practice, and when a postoffice was established in the precinct, he became the first postmaster. While there he was also elected to the legislature. Further mention is made of Dr. Christy in another chapter.

Dr. David M. Logan was born in Belmont County, Ohio, January +, 1821. When he reached his majority be was graduated in medicine, and located at Newmanryille, Cass County, in 1859. He continued in the hard, toilsome country practice until 1889, when he moved to Ashland, but his health having given way, he went to lire with an elder brother in Boone County, Iowa, where he died July 14, 1900, aged serenty-nine years. His body was brought back to Cass County and buried in the Newmanville cemetery. Drs. Charles Houghton and Charles S. Mathews were also practicing physicians at Newmanville. Dr. Mathews endured the hardships of country practice for a number of years. Dr. William G. Unland was born in Cass County, and was graduated in medicine. After practicing in several localities in this state, he finally settled in Beardstown, in 1880. Dr. Joseph Falonie was active in the medical profession at Beardstown prior to 1881. In that year an epidemic of smallpox occurred in that city, and Dr. Falonie, after ministering professionally to many of the afflicted, himself contracted the disease, and died from its effects, in April, 1881. Dr. Hans H. Littlefield was born at Wells, York County, Me., September 25, 1823. He located at Beardstown in 1S84S, but remained only for a short time, moving over into Schuyler County, later returned to Cass County, again locating at Beardstown in 1860, and made that city his home during the remainder of his life. He served for two years

Dr. George W. Goodspeed was located in Old Princeton for a few years, but in 1859 moved to Virginia, where he purchased lots and built himself a comfortable residence, becoming identified with the growth of the city, and so continuing until late in life, when he moved to Colorado, and there died April 14, 1890. His remains were brought back to Virginia and buried in the beautiful Walnut Ridge cemetery which he had helped the city of Virginia to acquire and lay out. Dr. N. S. Reed came from Geauga County, Ohio, to Chandlerville in the spring of 1852. He was a young man and had just been graduated in medicine. Having some means which he desired to invest, and also desiring to secure a home and settle down to the practice of his profession, he purchased a tract of land near the village of Chandlerville, and provided himself with a comfortable home. He had a widely extended practice, and a great circle of friends and acquaintances who had learned to respect him very highly, when he died August 11, 1901, at his home in Chandlerville. His daughter, Mrs. Morse, still lives in the village of Chandlerville, of which place her son, Albert Morse, is the present mayor.

Dr. N. H. Boone, of Chandlerville, was born at Troup, Ga., June 6, 1836, and practiced medicine at various places prior to coming to Chandlerville in 1864. Here he has since resided, being engaged in an active practice until within a few years of the date of this writing, when he retired, having accumulated considerable wealth. Dr. John Francis Snyder came to Virginia in 1864, and soon acquired a very extended practice and retained it for about a half a century, when he voluntarily retired. He is so closely identified with the history of Cass County and of the state that nothing further need to be said here to acquaint the reader with one of the ablest physicians and surgeons of central Illinois. Dr. Watson W. Gailey was born in Pennsylvania, near Newcastle, in 1842, and came to Illinois, locating in the village of Prentice, Morgan County, in 1865. A short time later he moved into Ashland, a few miles north of Prentice, and resided there the remainder of his busy life. Dr. L. S. Allard was a resident physician of Virginia for several years before the Civil war. He organized a company and was enrolled in the Nineteenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and served throughout the war.

Physicians Of The Present Time

The foregoing, with perhaps some few exceptions of physicians who were in Cass County for but a short period, covers all who came in the first half of the county's existence. As the county increased in population, many other physicians came, some remained, and are still here, while others soon thereafter removed to different localities. The physicians residing and practicing in Cass County at the present time (1915) are the following: BrarpstowN - Drs. George W. Bey and his son Walter, T. J. Schweer, C. E. Soule, M. J. Palmer, Henry Ehrhardt, Roy H. Garm, Charles E. Soule, Thomas G. Charles, W. G. Unland and J. F. Jones. AsHLAND - Drs. J. A. Glenn, D. S. Gailey, D. Lyons and W. 8S. Taylor. CHANDLERVILLE - Drs. N. H. Boone, Howard B. Boone, John G. Franken and G. Eversole. ARENZVILLE - Drs. J. M. Swope and A. F. Streuter. Vircinra - Drs. Charles M. Hubbard, A. R. Lyles, J. A. McGee, H. L. Day and W. R. Blackburn. NEWMANVILLE - Dr. R. C. Clifford.

The corps of physicians in active practice in Cass County numbers as able, intelligent and conscientious men as are to be found in any community in the state. Their activities in life are not limited to the lines of their chosen profession, but they are to be found in the front ranks of the supporters of schools, churches, and every movement projected for the elevation of society and the promotion of the general welfare of the particular community in which they live.

In 1906 a medical association of the county was formed taking in almost all the resident physicians. It has been maintained to the present time and holds monthly meetings, at which the various phases of diseases and the latest discoveries and usages in treatment are discussed. Frequently lectures or addresses are given, or papers are read, of a high scientific character, and are extremely interesting and instructive to the medical fraternity, and thereby heneficial to their patients.