Dayton Township

Dayton Township

Dayton embraces that part of 'T. 34, R. 4, which lies west of the Fox river, about fourteen sections, and a strip one and a half sections wide, from the eastside of T. #4, R.3, being abont twenty-three sections of the who! It formerly included the whole of T. 34, 8.3, but the town of Wallace was taken from its western side, reducing it to its present siz Indian creek passes across the northeast corner of the town, and Crooked Log creek and Buck creek across the northern part, furnishing considerable timber to that see. tion, These creeks, with the repid descent of the iver, give good drainage to the whole town. had the first flouring mill in the county, and the first woolen mill ran water, in the State, At one time, about 1834 and 1835, it was in advanee of OF ithad a flouring mill, doing a heavy business, a saw mill, wagon shop, ta y, and chair shop, and stores doing a lange business.

'The dam across the Fox river is maintained by the State, It was built to turn water into the feeder for the canal, und the Messrs, Green, who were the owners of the land, have what water they want, withont any expense for dam or rice.

The Fox river branch of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad passes through Dayton. The flouring mill and woolen mill are both in use, and @ paper mill has recently gone into operation; and r for many more.

on to Bailey's Point, where they found Lewis Bailey and William Seeley. They explored the country as far south as Vandalia, then the capital of the State, when he purchased eighty acres for his mill site, at Dayton, and returned to Ohio, arriving on the 15th of October, and immediately prepared to emigrate to Tiinois.

Narrative By Jesse And David Green

On the $d af November, 1829, the following named persons left Newark, Licking County, Ohio, for what is now Ta Salle County, Ilinols : John Greon, David Grove, Hours Brumbnck, and Reason Debolt, with their families, and the following named young mun: Samuel Grove, Joseph Grove, Jacoh Kite, Alexander MoKee, and Harvey Shaver. Their outfit was one fouryoke ox toam, thres two-horse wagons, and one carriage. Found the roads passable Ul we got into Indiana, where we lay by three days for bed weather. Thostreams were high, but we were bound for the Wess, and pressed forward. Found about forly texms wentlherbound at Boxby's, on the Whitewater, where we were told it would Be impossible to proceod unloas we traveled on the top of wagons and teams already swamped. From there we cut our way through honvy timber for sixty miles, avernging about ten miles per Gay. One of the party, with a child in his arma, was thrown from: the carriage, breaking three of his rit, and the carriage wheel pasced 'over tho child without injuring it. 'The wounded mam pursued the Journey, never complaining ; ao readily did those handy plomecns adapt themselves to ciroumstances, and heroically fnee the im evitable, 'The atreama were so high we had to head them, or, ax tho suying is, go around them,

We traveled five days by the compass, when we arrived at Parish's Grove, Iroquois County, Illinois, From there wefollowed an Indian trail to Hubbard's trading post, on the Troqsols river. Here wo bought all the corn we could get - abont eight base and a perogue, or canoe Londing {t with about thirty hundred weight af our goods, we put Jacob Kite, Joseph Grome, and Samael Grove, on for a erew, with dirrctions to work Gowm the Troguoia to the Kankakee, and through that to the TMiinols, where

'they were to mect the teams, 'Thie was necessary, as our teams 'Were worn, feed scarce, und roads very bad, or, rather, none at all, On the trip, Jexeph Grove became so chilled that be contracted a isease from which he never fully recovered.

'Our wame crossed & prairie which had no bottom - at least, we @id not find any, The second day, found s stream too deep tw 'cross; felled trees from clther xide till they formed » temporary Bridge, over which we conveyed our goods und poople, which was barely sccomplished when the sccumulated waters swept our bridge away. The teams were made to swim, one horse barely exaping One of the women became nervous, und coukd not be induced to walk the bridge John Green took her on Dis book, nnd made his way over on his hands and kneos, Tho 'exact position In which the lady rode ts not recorded.

'A beavy taiu came on, and we encamped in a small grove, and 'were obliged to cut up some of our boxes to make a fire, 'That 'ight we shall nover forget ; most of us saf up all night Mother 'aid down tn the wagon, and tried to sleep, and was frozen fast '#0 she could not rise in the morning. It took us over three days to 'reech the mouth of the Kankakee, a distance of thirty miles, while 'the perogue hai to go seventy miles by water, The crew had about 'gives Gp in despair of meeting us, when they fortunately hoard « 'well-known voice calling toa favorite horse, by which they were direcied to our camp. We ferried most of our goods over the on the perogue, when friendly Indian showod us « ford we took our teams over without diMlculty, Our corn being 'exhausted, our teams had nothing to est but browse, or dry prairie (greet, and very littlo of that, as the prairie had nearly all been Burned over, In the afternoon of the 6th of December, we came 'fp aight of « grove of timber, and John Green, believing it to be '"Hawley's (now Holdorman's) Grovo, started on horseback to ascertala. His expectations were realized, and he found Messrs. Haw: 'Mey 4nd Baresford butchering a beef. He harnessed Baresfonl's 'horse, a largo gray one, 10 a light wagon of Baresford's, and taking 8 quarter of the beef, and filling the wagon with corn, started for 'Westie creek timber, where ho supposed the party would stop.

'The company had ordered « halt and prepared to encamp, but With the expectation of going supperless to bed as their provisions "were exhausted, when Mr. Groen drove up, to the grest joy of the "whole party, both man wad beast. From the time the corn gaye

'out and tho provisions wore running short, one young man refused to eat, contending thnt as they were bound to starve, the provislous should bo reserved for the women and children.

The noxt day, being the Oth of Decomber, 1520, about four ebook Fo, we reached our destination - except the three young men in charge of the perogue, whom we expected would reach here before ua; and when night came on we were all cast down with fearful forebodings, as we thought they must have met with same serkuus accident. But our anxiety was soon relieved. On the ame day they bad made the perogue fast at the grand rapids of the Illinois, now Marseilles, and crossing the prairie without any knowledge of Oye country, became benighted, but seving the light froin our cabir, Jolned us about elght o'clock, and we had a great tne of rejoicleg. the lost having been found. 'The self-sacrificing brother joined us ina hearty meal, und bit appetite never failed him afvarwerd.

Our next object was to secure some provisions, as we bind a large family and go xd appetites. We bought twenty-four hogs of Btarkiy, 'on the Desplaines; then went south to Tuzewell county, bought thirty bushels wheat st four shillings, elghty bushels corm at two shillings, und took It toa horse mill where Washington now ts; spent several days in putting the mill in order, having to dross the boulder mil? stones, and furnish the motive power. Provisions were scare before we had produced a crop; we frequently lived on bewf, potatoes and pound cake, 80 called, being made of corm pounded in & mortar,

'We went to work improving in the spring. and by Inly 4th we hod 240 acres fenced, and nearly alt broken, and had built = saw mill, dam and race, and bad a ran of boulder mill stoues in one corner of the saw mill grinding wheat, the first ground om Fox river. The stones were made frei boulders or hard heads, found here, by Christopher Payne, brother of the Dunkard prescher who was killed by Indianson the prairie between Holderman's Growe and Marscitlcs, in 1882,

Of the company of twenty-four that came out in the fall of 1820, two returned to Ohio; of the twentytwo who remained, only seven died in forty-one years.

on §. 33,'T. 34, R.4; sold to Jonathan Daniels, and moved to Dayton in 1831; built a flouring mill; was twice elected Sheriff of La Salle County, and twice to the State Senate. He was a prominent and usefal citizen, and died in 1848. Children: Jonathan, married Elizabeth Long, in Rutland; Mary, married David Green; William ; Elizabeth, married Horace B, George; Richard, married Sallie Sevant,

James McFadden, from Ohio, in the fall of 1831. Kept store in Dayton, where the woolen mill gow is; it was swept off by high water in the following spring. He was captain of a company of Home Guards, raised in the county during the Black Hawk war; was shot through the ankle by Indians on Indian creek in 1882; he went to Galena,

George M. Dannavan, from Licking County, Ohio, in 1830, with David Letts, who settled on Section 3 in town of Eden. Mr. Dunnavan remained at Cedar Point, as it was then called, till 1835, when he settled on 8. 7, 'T. 84, R. 4, on Buck creek timber, He married Catharine Gree ughter of John Green. There are ten children: Silas Li, is in Montana; Louisa Jane, married D, S. Green, and resides at Central City, Colorado; Emma, married Andrew ind lives in Ottawa; Luelen G., is at Con- , Colorado; Frank W., Mary B., Charles, Belle, Cora, and Edward, are at home.

Thomas Parr, from Licking County, Ohio, in 1834; he married h Ann Pitzer, and settled on 8.1, T.34,R, 8. They have six children: Jesse N., married Anna Cain, and lives in Kansas; Amanda K., married Noah Brunk, and lives in Dayton;

Rapids of the Tlinois on the south, Marseilles in its southeast corner, Ottawa at its southwest. The Tilinois and Michigan Canal, and Rock Island & Pacific R. R. pass throngh its southern border, while its western and northern line is washed by the Fox, with its rapids and heavy water power - a combination of natural resources that must insure a future of which we can form no conception. It is useless to speculate as to the time, This region of country is only just in its infaney, and the womb of time is pregnant with startling events to be developed in the distant futnre, When the Lowells and Birminghams of the East shall be duplicated along the banks of the Tllinois and the Fox, the towns of Rutland, Manlius, Fall River, Dayton and Ottawa, will constitute one grand metropolitan city of busy industry and commerce.

Tt is true, the sanguine anticipations of the early settlers have not been realized in this direction; but the development of such resources requires time and capital. Thealmost unlimited amount of power now running to waste, the cheap and inexhaustible amount of fuel close at hand, the exhaustless supply of rich ores, which the world elsewhere can not rival, ready to be floated over the bosom of the lakes, and through our ship canal, without transhipment, with the mountains of ores in Missouri, all in regions destitute of fuel, and which must seek the locality where that element exists - -are facts that no sophistry can belittle, or argument gainsay, bub that stand in bold rel inexorable as fate. Add to this the capacity of the richest agricultural region in the

But the farmers of Rutland have no cause to repine at their lot as tillers of the soil. Their soil has no superior among their sister towns. The town is well supplied with timber, and they have a market close at hand; and the old denizens who have spent fifty years in improving and embellishing their homes, would doubtless hesitate to exchange their fruit orchards, waving fields of grain, and sleek herds and flocks, for the smoke of the furnace and the clack of the mill.

'The first settler in Rutland was Wm. A. Clark, from Sonth Carolina; he settled on the N. E. 4 S. 22, T. 34, R. 4, in thespring of 1829 ; sold to John Green, and moved to near Naperville.

David Grove, and wife, Anna Howser, from Licking County, Ohio, in 1829; one of Green's party ; aided John Green fora year or more, and then settled on §. 22, T. 34, R.4; nowliving, aged 73. Children of first wife: Samuel, who married Mary Parr, lives at Utica, and isnow Supervisor of that town ; George, at home; John died. Mrs. Grove, died in 1849 Second wife, Mary W. Robinson, Her children were: Katharine, athome; Anna, married a Mr. Hong, now ead; Elizabeth, married David Connard, and lives im Miller; Isabella, married Daniel Wickwire, and lives in Rutland; Eliza, married W. H. Chapman, and lives at Freedom.

Reason Debolt, and wife, Emma Grove, from Lieking County, Ohio, in 1829; one of Green's purty + settled on 8, 11, T. 34, R. 4; in 1838 sold to Loring Delano, and moved to the N. E. } of 8.16, where he now lives, Mrs, Debolt died in 1848, Children: Elma, married a Mr. Hupp, and lives in Troqnois County ; Barbara, married David Connard, and died in 1851; Lovina, is living in Ohio; George, married Miss Sutton, and livesin Dayton; Jesse, died in the army; Cyrus, married Elizabeth Dunnavan.

Henry Brumback, and wife, Elizabeth Pitzer, from Licking County, Ohio, in 1829; settled on the N. EB} 8.13. Children: Lizzie, born in 1830 - first birth in town, married Frank Broner, now a widew; and Rachel.

Samuel Grove, from Licking County, Obio, was one of Green's party. He returned to Ohio, and came back to Ta Salle County in 1856. seph Grove, from Licking County, Ohio, in ; one of Green's Company. He married Elma Jackson, and settled on 8. 22, Hediedin 1658. His widow died in 1872. Their children were: Semantha, who married a Mr. Wakefield; John, is in Iroquois County; Jeremiah, died in the army; isat home; Lewis, married Melinda Pitzer, now of Miller; Elma, married George Pitzer, of Troqnois County; David, isat Dayton; Mary, and Clara, are at home.

William L. Dannavan, from Licking County, Ohio, in 1830, made a claim southwest of Pern; sold to Tsh, and settled on Section 22 im 1881, He was married in the fall of that year to Elie,

Green, of Dayton; Elias, married Catharine Long, the first child born in the county; Eliza, married William Gibson, and lives on the old farm; Barbara, married Joseph Jackson, of Millington ; Elizabeth, married Jacob Strawn, of Utica; Anna, married Lewis Robinson,

David Shaver, and wife, Nancy Grove, came from Licking County, Ohio, in the fall of 1830 ; settled onS, 2, T. 33, R. 4; was Overseer of the Poor and Justice of the Peace several terms ; he died Jan. 2, 1848. He had nine children: Cyrus, married Betsey Hackett, and settled on the S. B.}8 4. Has four children: Harvey, married Sarah Johnson, now in Missouri; David R., married Margaret Kleiber, live on Section 3; Joseph, married Janet Neff, live in Rutland ; Harrison, died in 1583, the first natnral death in the town ; Rebecca,married John Snelling, of Freedom; Barbara, married Joseph Miller, of Ottawa; Nancy,married William S. Allen, In Galesburg; Catharine,married John K. Spencer.

William Parr, and wife, Sally Trambo, from Licking County, Ohio, came in the fall of 1830; hesettled on the 8. BE. 48. 3, 7. 33, R. 4 He had five children: Henry R., married Elsa Armstrong, live in Serena; Samuel, married Josephine Armstrong, in Rutland; Isabella, married Orson Potter; John, married Lucy Milliken; Mary, married Samuel Grove, of Utica.

Sam) Milliken, and wife, Rebecen Williams, from Licking County, Ohio, came to South Ottawa in 1890, and in the spring of 1882 settled on the S E48. 5, T. 33, R.4: sold to M E. Hollister in live in Kansas; Jesse, died in California; Benjamin, died in the army; Jacob, married Sarah Kite, live in Kansas; Sarah Ann, married Thomas Parr, of Dayton; Rachel, married Thomas Bayley, live in Kansas; Elizabeth, married Henry Brumback, of Rutland ; Margaret, is dead ; Catharine, married H. Haman; Alvah, is dead,

Edward Sanders, from Licking County, Ohio, in 1831, settled on N. E. 4, S, 11,7, 34, R.4. He served five years inthe United Statesarmy ; while stationed at Fort Dearborn, he went as a scout to the Illinois and Fox rivers in 1816,and what hesaw of the country then, induced him to make it his home. He wasa carpenter by trade; his wife was Margaret Wamsley.

Jacob Anderson, from Norway, to New York, 1825; here, 1834; settled on S. W. $ S. 18, TL 34, R. 4; went to California and died there, one of the first colony.

Vital Vermit, from Canada, 1834, settled on N. B. $51, T. 34, R. 4 He married Huldah Walker, daughter of Dr. David Walker, of Ottawa, Kept hotel for several years, at Vermit's or Vermit's Point; went toIndiana, They had four children.

from Ohio. Their children are: Semantha, married Geo. Bennett, of Waltham ; Mary Lovina, married a Mr. Ross, her second husband Mr. Turple, they live in Chicago; Margaret, married Henry Mandeville, of Kansas; Belle, married Henry Bennett, of Deer Park; Dora, married Wm. Mungon, Jr., of Adams; Geo, W., married widow Wade; Dolcina, Emma, and Peter, are at home.

Walter D. Rood, from Saratoga County, New York, in July, 1885, to Marseilles; moved on to the Long farm. Went with Green's company in 1549 to California, lived in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and Montana, and returned to La Salle County in 1870. Married Amelia Robinson, and settled on 8. 16, T. 33, R. 5, in 1872. Has one child, Olive,

Jolin Gibson, from Ohio, came here in 1840. He was a Lieutenant in the war of 1812, from Pennsylvania ; he died in 1869; his wife died in 1860. Left six children: Martha,married 0. McKinley ; Maria, married Jas. N. Frenary, of Rutland; Capt. Wm. L., married Eliza Trambo, of Rutland ; Geo. W., married Cynthia Robinson, of Rutland; John F., married Mary J. Anderson, of Rutland; Capt. Theodore C., married Sagan S. Sample, of Ottawa.

Jonathan Daniels, and wife, Mary Channel, from Licking County, Ohio, in the fallof 1881, bonght a claim of Wm. Stadden, on S. 33 T. 84, R 4 They had two children: Elizabeth, married Joseph Kleiber: Judith, married Wm. Stadden.

* millio: ne from Oh first to Tndiann, and then to Illinois in 1825. He first came to Ottawa, but located on Section 19, at the head of Bailey's Grove, which was called Bailey's Point. His son Augustus is claimed to have been the first male white child born in the county, while a danghter of Christopher Long was the first. George Galloway, son of James Galloway, of Fall River, has claimed the honor of being born before Bailey, The fact seems to be that Bailey's son was a few days the oldest, but he was born at Peoria, where his parents had gone in a canoe, in anticipation of the event, and soon after returned, having been absent from home eighteen days.

The location selected by Bailey was a romantic one, and he said it was a favorite resort of the Indians, who ever evinced a keen appreciation of the beautiful, Mr. Bailey's neighbors at first were only Indians. He always expressed a high opinion of his swarthy friends, and persistently claimed that they were more honest, friendly and trustworthy than the whites. He was doubtless somewhat misanthropic. He with his family left the county in 1844, and died in Oregon. He had two sons: Angustus and Timothy.

William Seeley, a native of Seneca County, New York, came to Madison County, Llinois, in 1818, and bronght his family in 1520, He came to Bailey's

Eddy, and made a claim on §.19, 'T. 32, R. 2 where he lived and raised a large family. He died of cholera in 1848 ; his first wife died in 1832; his second wife, Mary Warnock, is now living with Alfred. He left seven children : Henry, married Lydia Galloway, he died of cholerain 1848 ; Harriet, married Jacob Barr, they live at Lowell; Sally, is single; Olive, married Charles Clark, and lives in Missouri ; Jerusha, married J, W. Wells, she is now a widow, living in Streator; B. F., married Lonisa Dart, are now living at Farm Ridge, have six children; Alfred, married Mary Jane Kirkpatrick, and livesat Metropolis, Ill.

John Bailey, and wife, Sally Benjamin, came from Windsor, Vermont, in 1831, to Putnam County, and in 1882 bonght the claim of Warren's estateon S, 17, T. 32, R. 2, where he lived till his death in 1842. A good citizen, he always cheerfully bore his portion of the public burden of a new settlement, His widow died in 1854. He left seven children: Sarah Ann, married Nelson Alvord, a Baptist preacher ; Mary, married William Laughlin, now a widow; Rhoda, married Samuel Bullock; Annis, married Bailey Barrass; Maria, married Seth Eaton; Emily, mar ried Frank Wood, they live in Eden; William, married Janet Potter, adopted daughter of John Rider, and lives on the old farm - is now Town Supervisor.

Leslie Kent, and wife, Huldah Harman, from Conway, Mass., in 1893; settled on S. 18, T. $3, Ry 2 Mrs. Kent died in August, 184); he died in September, 1846, leaving two daughters: Huldah, married

Jacob Elliott, and wife, Mehitable Cook, from New Hampshire, in 1839, resided at Lowell. He died in 1841, leaving four children. His son Charles married Lucy Bach ; second wife, Harriet Huntington. He was a partner of William Seeley in the town of Lowell and water-power adjoining. They built the stone mill, and anticipated building up a manufacturing town that would not disgrace its namesake in Massachusetts, It was not a success proportioned to the enterprise of its founders, and the early death of its proprietors put a stop to its further progress. Charles Elliott was for several years a Justice of the Peace and County Commissioner: he died about 1855 or '56, and left one son by his first wife, Jacob, who married a daughter of Sargeant Cummings, and lives in Towa; Sarah, the danghter of his second wife, married Uriah Painter, and lives at Streator.

Jacob Elliott's other children were: Cook, who married Jane Wiswall, and died soon after; Mary, married Emery Stanford, now dead; Sarah, mar vied a Mr. Weber, both are dead.

Emery Stanford, from Waterloo, N. Y., came in 1837, astone mason by trade; he built the stone mill at Lowell for Seeley & Elliott, an enduring mon- 'ument to the skill and fidelity of its builders. He married Mary Elliott, and moved on toa farm on 8. 27, T. 32, R. 2, where he still resides. Has been 'Town Supervisor and held other positions of trast.

ary, Mr. Hamar went to Dixon on foot to enter land, and was gone tendays. In thespring he was joined by his family and found quarters at the hospitable house of Lewis Bailey. He settled on S. 32, where he built a log cabin the following summer, the first in that locality that ventured to settle away from timber on the open prairie, Mr. and Mrs, Hamar, in common with their neighbors from New England, brought with them a high regard for the charch and school-house, which they learned among their native hills. Mr. Hamar died Aug., 1846, aged 51. Mrs. Hamar died May, 1876, aged 78, leaving seven children: Elizabeth, now the widow of Samuel Wanchope, of Farm Ridge; Mary Ann, widow of George Kingsbury, living near Tonica; Minerva O., wife of Nathan L. Eaton, living three miles east of Tonica; Joseph E., living in Santa Barbara, Cal. ; Geo, E., is in Dodge County, Nebraska; Therestal, died in 1846 ; Eugene lives in Tonica,

Benjamin Washburn, and wife, from Plymouth County, Massachusetts, in 1835; settled on & 15. Had four sons: Benjamin, lives in Lowell; Salmon B., is in Colorado; Gustavus and Stillman are dead.

Henry Angell, from Rhode Island; left there in the fall of 1835. While on the way was frozen in on the Erie Canal, and wintered in Utica, New York; arrived here in the spring of 1836, and settled at Vermillionville, where his wife died. He married Miss Washburn, and settled on 8. 85; he died abont 1850; his widow died in 1874. His children by his first wife are: Abbey, who married John Fry, her

(sons of Joel), Jacob Barr, William Groom, and Madison Goslin, left Albany County, New York, in wagons, the 15th day of May, 1833, for the West. In Chicago, they met Judge Isaac Dimmick, then returning from a tour of exploration, who directed them to this locality. They arrived here July 18th. A journey by land for hundreds of miles at that day through acountry, most of it unsettled, without roads or bridges, can hardly be appreciated now. They were compelled to adopt camp life; stopping at night on the bank of some stream, where wood and water could be procured, and sleeping in their wagons, or on the ground, and in some instances were compelled to build bridges to cross the streams. Madison Goslin died in the fall of 1883,

Joel Alvord, and wife, in 1883, bought a claim of Jacob Moon, on S. 18, where he spent the remainder of his life a substantial farmer, and good citizen. He died, March, 1856, aged 76, leaving five children =: Betsey, married Reuben Moffat; Edward, married Elizabeth Cleveland; Alison; Nelson, a Baptist clergyman, married Sarah Bailey, and lives in Kansas ; Joel, married Lydia Hall, died of a wound,

Jacob Barr married Harriet, danghter of John Slater, and is now living at Lowell; has five children: Henry, married Harriet Alydo ; Sybil, married Eugene Miller; Imogene, married Samuel Underhill, of Tonica; Ellen, married Benton Cramrin, now in California ; Arthur, is in California

Josiah Seybold, from Southern Illinois, a native of the State, came in 1883. He built a flouring mill on the Vermillion, which was completed in 1836 ; he sold the mill to the Messrs. Todd, and moved on a farm in the town of Eden. While descending the Mississippi in a flat boat, he died at Natchez, snspected of poison. He left three children: Thaddens, married. Lizzie Denton, lives in Washington, D. C.; Jerome, is in Chicago; Mary, is the wife of Willis Stewart, of Putnam County. Mrs, Seybold, Nancy Scanlan, from Virginia, now lives with Mrs. Stewart.

Chester Dryer, from Seneca County, N-Y., in Dee. 1836, his family came in Jone, 1836. A sad fatality attended his family ; his second son, Calvin, died in 1840; his oldest son, William, died in 1841, and his wife, Sarah Hobro, died in 1842. Of seven children by his first wife, one only survives, Keziah, wife of Sanford Harwood, living in Iowa. Mr. Dryer's second wife is Mary Little; they have one danghter. He brought in the first threshing machino - s fonrhorse power that delivered the grain on the ground from the eylinder to be cleaned by the hand mill - an imperfect implement, but far better than tramping ont the grain on the ground with horses or eattle.

towork his farm. The tile of his sharp transactions would fill a volume. His practice was, to make a written contract with the men he hired, so worded that the contract was sure to be broken, when the laborer got no pay.

He sold a pair of steers for $65 worth $35, and took a note as follows: "One day after date, I promise to make for Peter Schoonover 32,000 oak shingles at 82.40 per M., Schoonover to furnish timber." The cattle were placed at double their value, and so was the work - but as the shingles could not be made in one day, the giver of the note was called on for the money at the advanced price,

He arrested a German for burning some wheat stacks, 45 he claimed, by carelesenvss ; the frightened German who had not been near the stack, settled and gave a note for $100; this by advice, he refused to pay; an arbitration followed, and Schoonover recovered $28. Anxious to pay it and be clear of the trouble, he traded a rifle worth $25 and a heifer worth $16 - all the property he had, with Schoonover, and got an old rifle worth 50 cents and « credit on his note for 313. Now, says Schoonover, you can not read English, and will not comprehend an endorsement, you had better give me a new note for the 815 balance and take up the old note, He did so, but found he had received the $100 note that was Killed by the arbitration - Schoonover retaining the lion in 1838 His reputation is so world-wide that among the old settlers he deserves more than a passing notice. His ancestors were from England and Wiles, and both his parents belonged to the Society of Friends. He was born at Hardwich, Snasex County, New Jersey, January 4, 1789. His educational advantages were a few months only at a common school. He learned the trade of a sadder at Wheeling, Virginia, and as that place was thena great slave mart, he became strongly impressed with the enormity of slavery. H+ here formed the acquaintance of William Lewis, and sisters, one of whom he afterwards married, and set up his business of saddler, at St. Clairville, on the Ohio. Although successfal in business, he soon left it for the more congenial employment of working for the freedom of the slave. Lecturing, forming anti-slavery associations, and editing an abolition paper, was the commencement of a work to which he devoted his life. When he entered the field he promised never to leave it till he ceased to breathe or the object was accomplished ; he kept his word and died in the harness. Like Howard, the philanthropist, he made it a life-work, regardless of the sacrifices, privations and personal dangers that beset his path. His was such a character as the world seldom produces, It crosses the plodding, selfish track of common humanity like a laminons meteor passing athwart the sombre darkness of the midnight sky. Men pause while the evils and wrongs of society are exposed : and those who are ever prone to travel thoughtlessly and without inquiry, in the ruts their

| Skeloh of Settlers - Vermillion. 308 fathers made, even though they may be stained with the blood of suffering innocence, have their dormant and sleeping consciences aronsed.

Lundy was the first anti-slavery apostle, whose whole life was an offering on the altar of human fights; his efforts aroused and enlisted Tappan, Goodell, Garrison, and others, who became his coj workers, and who carried on the work after Landy

( 'He started an anti-slavery paper at Mount Pleasant, Ohio, in 1821, called the "Genius of Universal Emancipation." This paper he published some-

After issuing eight monthly numbers he removed his paper to Tennessee where he continued till his removal to Baltimore in 1824. 'The clreulation of his paper was quite satisfactory, especially so in most of the slave-holding States, His treatment of the subject, thongh firm and decided, was mild and conciliatory, yet it soon aroused the demon of slavery, and often exposed him to personal danger. On one occasion in Tennessee, two Taffians entered his office, shut and locked the door, and demanded the recantation of an article pablished in the '*Genius,"' but he coolly faced and held them at bay till help arrived,

'The circulation of his paper had become so general over the whole country, that he thought its publication in one of the Atlantic cities would increase its efficiency ; he selected Baltimore as being central, and within the shadow of the dark pall of human slavery, and located therein 1824. In 1828, he made a tour through New England, lecturing and forming his favorite anti-slavery societies, and increasing the cirenlation of his paper. On this trip he first made the acquaintance of Arthur Tappan, in New York; of William Goodell, in Providence, and of William Lloyd Garrison, in Boston. Previous to this time, neither of those gentlemen had been very active in the anti-slavery eanse.

Tn November, 1898, he again traveled over New England and New York, and delivered forty-three lectures while on the trip, The following winter he was assaulted and nearly killed in the streets of Baltimore by Austin Woolfolk, a slave-trader, for commenting on hisconduct, The judge, before whom Woolfolk was tried, told the Jury that Landy got no more than he deserved, and when the jury rendered a verdict of guilty, the Judge fined him one dollar, and gave the offensive article to the grand jury, Informing them that it was libelous, but the jury thought otherwise, and found no bill, The same winter Lundy went to Hayti in the interest of some manumitted slaves who were settled therein a state of freedom. While in Hayti his excellent and amiable wife and co-worker died, leaving him with a family of five children. Though keenly sensitive to his loss, his efforts in his life work were sooa renewed with his usual vigor.

In the spring of 1829, he went again to Hayti on @ similar mission. That spring Wm. Lloyd Garrison joined him at Baltimore in editing the *Genias." Garrison was more severe in his language than where slavery was involved. With the co-operation of John Q. Adams, he fought the enterprise of the Texan invaders, as he had before in 1823 and "24, taking a leading part in opposition to the attempt to introduce slavery into Minois. It is singular, in the light of the subsequent history of the anti-slavery contest, that the movement inangarated by Landy should have made such headway in the slave States. His paper for Angust, 1825, states that he had more subscribers in North Carolina than in any other State. At an election in Baltimore, in 1826, Raymond, the anti-slavery candidate, received oneseventh of the votes cast; this and other indivations show that there was a healthy anti-slavery sentiment at the South, but the aristocratle slaveholders then, as since, when aroused, crushed it ont and silenced its voice. A very unfortunate occurrence took place on the 8d of August, 1831, in the insurrection of about fifty slaves in Southampton Co., Va., under a fanatical preacher by the name of Nat Turner, They procured arms and commenced an indiscriminate massacre of all they met, without distinction of sex or age, to the number in all of sixtythree, when they were dispersed, At the same time a plot for an insurrection of the slaves of several counties of North Carolina was discovered, and rumors of plots elsewhere were rife.

The nataral effect of all this was to prejudice the public mind against all anti-slavery efforts, and to embitter the contest between the pro's and anti's,

In August, 1838, Lundy commenced in Philadelphia the publication of a weekly paper devoted to- Peek aed ealled the National Inquirer, and in

1888 relinquished its publication, and was succeeded by John G. Whittier. The "Genius," asa monthly, was published during this time at Philadelphia, where it had been removed from Washington.

A large hall, costing 30,000, built by abolitionists. and others, was opened on the 14th of May, 1838, and several abolition meetings and discussions held therein. On the evening of the 17th, a mob aszaulted and burned the hall, with little opposition from the police; the firemen protected the adjoining building, but did nothing to save the hall. This was done in staid Quaker Philadelphia, and shows the bitter contest then being waged on the slavery question.. Lundy's books, papers, clothing and other personal effects were al] burned in the building. He had for sometime contemplated moving his paper to the then opening Northwest. He left Philadelphia in Jnly, and arrived in Ilinois in September. Disappointed in an attempt to start hispaper at Hennepin, he accepted a proposition from the citizens of Lowell, La Salle Co., and moved there tn the winter of 1838-9, built a house and printing office, and purchased a tract of land four miles disfant. Here his paper was published rather irregalarly, for the want of funds, haying at first no help 'but his two sons, one of whom attended to the farm.

In Angust he was attacked with bilious fever, then prevalent in that locality, and died on the 224 of Angust, 1839, in the Sist year of his age. His remains were buried in the Friend's burying ground con Clear creek, in Patnam County, TH.

'The foregoing gives but a faint idea of the selfsacrifice, indomitable perseverance, and wholesouled philanthropy of Benjamin Lundy, for whatever may be the views of any one on the "question, it can not be denied that he deserves the nam of # philanthropist in the broadest sense. He was not a fanatic; his views were broad and catholie, as is shown by the toleration of his efforte at the South, where his paper was as well received as at 'the North. His efforts at colonization were broad and comprehensive, showing a cool head as well as a warm heart ; always conciliatory, bat never yielding an jota of the rights of our common hamanity, his was just the organization to lay broad and deep the foundations of universal emancipation. With an open and pleasing countenance, genial, and winning manners, he made friends of all his associates, while his convietions of trath and right were as firm as the granite hills; neither poverty, sickness, affliction, toll and privation, mob violenee, or the heel of the beastly Woolfolk, could swerve him from his purpose.

His weapons were argument, reason, justice, and right, clothed in the garb of plain Quaker simplicity and sincerity; and when the contest became intensely embittered, and insane passion put reason and right at defiance, it was, perhaps, well that he should