Waukegan Township

Waukegan Township

This township lies upon Lake Michigan, and is known as Township 45, north Range 12 east. The most important share of the early history of this township is comprised in that of the county at large, which has already been given. To avoid repetition, so much only will be given here as was not prop¬ erly included under the head of the county at large.

Among the early settlers of this township, before the city of Waukegan had a beginning, were Thomas Jenkins, Samuel Pellifant, Charles S. Cary, James G. Cary, Elmsley Sunderlin, Peleg Sunderlin, Paul Kingston, James B. Gor¬ ton, Henry Knapp, Hezekiah Bryant, D. S. Dewey, Dr. David Cory, Burleigh Hunt, Daniel Waiters, Cornelius Veiley, Edward Snyder, Erastus Blakesley, Thos. B. Benjamin, W. B. Benjamin, James McKay, Arthur Patterson, Capt. Morris Robinson and D. 0. Dickinson.

The first settlement in this, township, as has been stated, was in 1835. During this year, Thomas Jenkins, of Chicago, and others commenced the con¬ struction of a building in which to open a store of goods. In 1836, a stock of merchandise was opened in this building by Mr. Jenkins. This building was a two-story frame structure, about twenty by forty feet in dimensions, and situ¬ ated under the bluff on the north bank of the river, immediately east of the present track of the Northwestern Railroad. This was the first framed build¬ ing and the first stock of goods in the township. In the course of a year, Mr. Jenkins abandoned his undertaking and returned to Chicago. Soon there¬ after, James B. Gorton came with a stock of goods ; but, a controversy arising as to the right of occupancy of the land upon which he had settled, he removed his stock out to the OTlain Bridge, on the Milwaukee road, where he remained until the title became settled by the re-location of the county seat, in 1841.

About the year 1838, Burleigh Hunt, formerly of Canada, came and built a house on the south side of the river, near where is now the residence of Judge Blodgett, at the southwest corner of State and Liberty streets, in Tiffany's Addition to Waukegan.

The place at this point, as has been mentioned, was then, and had been from the beginning of the settlement of the Northwest, known as Little Fort.

Mr. Hunt soon after built a dam across the river, near the present site of State street bridge, on the west, the remains which are still visible,, and built a saw-mill there ; to which, in 1840, he added a grist-mill.

About the same time, Dr. David Cory came and made a claim of Govern¬ ment land on the northeast quarter of Section 21, and built a house of hewn logs near the present residence of I. R. Lyon, on State street, just north of Clayton street. He was the first physician who settled in this township. It is proper to remark, in this connection, that Mrs. Cory, widow of Dr. David Cory, who still lives in Waukegan, is now the oldest resident in the city, in point of time of residence.

The next settler after Dr. Cory at this point was Dennis S. Dewey, from Chicago, who came a few months thereafter. He built a house, and settled at the place where is now the elegant residence of Dr. C. V. Price, on Grand avenue, near the north branch of the Little Fort River. He made a claim of Government land on the northwest quarter of Section 21, on which he built his house. Following this he built a dam across the stream, and erected a chair and furniture factory.

The object in view by the early settlers at this point was to build up a town on the lake, and make it an important one for shipping and trade. But the make of the country being such as not to bring it upon the line of any important thoroughfare, its progress was slow, and the prospect rather discouraging ; and hereupon arose the agitation of the subject of the removal of the county seat from Libertyville to this place, a pretty full account of which has already been given.

In pursuance of a vote of the people, the county seat was removed and located at Little Fort, April 13, 1841. This was a great day for the inhabitants of the surrounding country.

At this time, the* habitations at the point known as Little Fort were five in number. The day was fine, and everybody for miles around turned out to wit¬ ness the ceremony of the event.

The ground which is the site of the present city was at that time covered with forest trees and underbrush. That where is now the business portion of the city, extending to the bluff, was covered with what appeared to be a second growth of trees, confirming the assertion so often made, that J;his had once been a place of some importance as a trading post.

The usual mode adopted by Commissioners in early days, in organizing new counties, in designating the precise locality determined upon, was to put down a stake or post at the point selected. For the purposes of this occasion, Mr. Dewey had turned out at his manufactory, and painted in neat style, a post of red cedar, which he presented to the County Commissioners to sec in the ground as marking the particular spot where the county seat should be located - in other words, where the Court House should be erected. This post was set on what was considered the highest point of ground at Little Fort. This was before the town plat was laid out, consequently the place could not be designated with reference to streets or blocks. But when the town plat was surveyed immediately thereafter, this stake came about upon the east line of the block where the Court House was afterward built, which was reserved as a public square.

The work of building up the town of Little Fort immediately commenced, and it has continued in its growth until, in 1877, it contains about six thou¬ sand inhabitants.

The first lawyer who settled at this place was Isaac Hopkinson, who came in May, 1841, and was employed by the County Commissioners as counsel in making their first sale of lots, being at public sale during that month.

The first school taught in Little Fort, or what is now the township of Wau¬ kegan, was by E. M. Haines, in the Winter of 1841-2 ; it was in the upper story of the dwelling house of Andrew Rice, situated on State street, a short dis¬ tance south of Madison street, and about where the present residence of S. I.

About the year 1850, an appropriation was made by Congress of $15,000 to commence the construction of a harbor at Little Fort. The work was com¬ menced in 1853, under the charge of Capt. Gamble. The sum was soon ex¬ hausted, and as no further appropriation could be obtained, nothing more was done, and the work performed went to waste.

The first town meeting held in the township of Waukegan, under township organization, was commenced at the Court House, in Waukegan, on the first Tuesday in April, 1850. Daniel Brewer presided as Moderator, and Nathaniel P. Dowst acted as Clerk. The following persons were chosen as town officers : James B. Gorton, Supervisor ; George Wood, Town Clerk ; S. H. Flinn, As¬ sessor; Jeremiah Porter, Overseer of the Poor; William B. Benjamin, Jacob Montgomery and Eber Hinkston, Commissioners of Highways; John L. Turner and Phillip King, Justices of the Peace ; L. Belshaw and Harley Sage, Constables ; Harley Sage, Collector. The number of votes cast was 302. The township has a school fund of $3,600.40

The assessed value of property for the year 1850, including both real and personal, was $365,639. The amount of tax computed on the same for collec¬ tion was $5,756.25.

The following article, which appeared in a newspaper published here, March 4. 1845, called the IAttle Fort Porcupine , being the first paper and the first number thereof, published in Waukegan, is interesting in contrasting the city of Waukegan with the present day, and as affording a pretty fair idea of its progress :

" The village of Little Fort is situated upon the shore of Lake Michigan, forty-five miles down the lake from Chicago, nine and a half miles south of the north line of the State, and sixteen up the lake from Southport. There is nearly one-half section of land laid out into lots, a great portion of which are sold and improved. A court house, the best in the State, has been constructed the past season, and sixty-one other buildings, among 'which we enumerate a brick block, of three stories, by D. S. Dewey ; a fine tavern house, by Michael Dulanty ; a large addition to Dickinson & Co.'s warehouse ; and a warehouse, 100x24 feet, two and a half stories high, by A. B. Wynkoop.

" The place contains *152 inhabitants, three- commodious public houses, seven stores, two groceries, two blacksmith shops, one tin and sheet-iron factory, two shoe shops, three tailor shops, one chair and cabinet factory, one watchmaker, one gunsmith, two wheelwrights, one plow manufactory, three warehouses, one pier, and a second being constructed by A. B. Wynkoop. The timber is now being framed for a steam flouring-mill. There is good clay and two yards, where brick is made, of a superior quality. The facilities of this place for a heavy produce and lumber business are not surpassed by any place on the west* ern shore of the lake, north of Chicago. It is backed up by the best wheat¬ growing country in Illinois, and must become a town of considerable impor¬ tance ere it gets to its teens."

For the first ten or twelve years of the existence of Waukegan, it was a place of much importance as a shipping port on the lake. The trade of the place extended back into the country for a distance of forty miles. But after the lapse of about twelve or fifteen years this trade became materially reduced by the construction of railroads through the country.

When Little Fort had reached a population of about 2,500 inhabitants, it became incorporated for municipal purposes as a village, by an Act of the Legislature approved February 121j[849 ; in the act of incorporation was a provision, that aSthelirst election for Town Officers the inhabitants might change the name of the town_to Waukegan ; which election was held on the second Monday in March, 1849, at whiclTthe following persons were elected as officers :

President, D. 6. Dickinson ; Trustees - First Ward, W. C. Tiffany and H. Hugunin; Second Ward, Jas. B. Gorton and A. Dougherty; Third Ward, E. S. L. Bachelder and Ransom Steele.

By a unanimous vote of the inhabitants at the same election, the name of the town was changed to Waukegan , it being the Indian word, in the Pottawattomie language for Fort.

The Court House spoken of, an account of the building of which was given in the fore part of this history, under the head of the county at large, was destroyed by fire about two years ago, and at the last meeting of the County Board of Supervisors a new Court House was ordered to be built, on the public square, on the site of the former building, to cost about $38,000, the work of which is now rapidly progressing.

Since the completion of the railroad through Waukegan, and the excellent facilities afforded by the frequent running of passenger trains, this place and vicinity have become a place of summer residence for business men and others of Chicago ; besides, a large number of permanent residents of Waukegan cany on a regular established business in Chicago.

Waukegan is further made a point of attraction in the summer season from its being in the vicinity of the great cluster of small and beautiful lakes lying in Lake County.

German Reformed Ohuroh

The corner-stone of the house of worship of this church was laid August 5, 1872, and completed and dedicated in November, 1872. The dedication sermon was preached by Rev. Mr. Ruestnick. The present Pastor is Rev. C. A. Becker.

Christian Church

This Church has an organization in this city, which is in a very prosperous condition. The church was organized August 14, 1870. They worship in the building on Utica street, which was formerly the public school building. It was purchased by Mr. James Low, one of the congregation, and refitted.

Oakwood Cemetery

situated in the southern part of the city, on the east side of Marion street, comprises about seventeen acres. The grounds were purchased by the city of Waukegan in 1851. They are laid out into large lots and wide and beautiful avenues and streets, to which are given appropriate names, and along which have been planted numerous shade trees of different varieties. Several costly and magnificent monuments and tombstones have already been erected, and the city is now building a large and commodious vault for the accommodation of those who may wish a temporary resting-place for the remains of their deceased friends. In the year 1866, an association was organized by the ladies of Wau¬ kegan for the purpose of improving and beautifying the grounds, and great and perceptible improvements have been made by them since their organization. It is under the control of the city officers and duly appointed sexton, to whom persons desirous of purchasing lots may apply.

Catholic Cemetery

adjoining " Oakwood" on the] north, comprises eight acres, beautifully laid out in lots and well shaded avenues, streets and walks. Numerous monuments and tombstones have been erected in the " silent city of the dead," which, for beauty of design and richness in construction, will compare favorably with those in the best cemeteries of the country. The cemetery is managed by a corps of officers to whom application may be made for lots.

Note By The Authob

To giro » detailed narration of the events attending the enlistment of all the soldiers who went to the war from Lake County, and to follow them through the marches and skirmishes and sieges and battles, or into the hospitals and prisons, would require volumes. The reader, therefore, must not look for a history of individuals, except so for as given in the accompanying rooter. That roster, oopled from the report of the Adjutant General of the State, has been carefully gone through with, and much time and labor spent In making additions and corrections. The sketches of regiments embrace only those which had companies In them from Lake County.

In consenting to undertake the revision of the roster and the writing of these sketches, I confess to having made an under estimate of the work required. The military history, therefore, is not all that I could wish, but is as com¬ plete as I could make it in the limited time at my command.

Bui however orude and imperfect the narrative may be, I believe the sketches set forth the doings of the County in a connected manner, and will be of much interest, not only to the patriotic men and women who lived during the memorable epoch from 1800 to I860, but to the children of these patriots, who must learn by reading - if they learn at all - what part Lake Connty bore in the War of the Rebellion.

The dawn of the y»ar 1861 found Lake County without the semblance of a military organi¬ zation. But the announoement of the fall of Fort Sumter aroused the people, and no time was lost in setting about to solve the problem as to what could be done to help to restore and save the Union of theStates. The news was first received on Monday, April 16th, although there had been rumors of an engagement on Sunday. On Tuesday evening, a most enthusiastic war meeting was held in the Court House in Waukegan, the call for the meeting being issued by the Hon. David Ballentine, then Mayor of the city. A. S. Sherman, Esq., acted as Chairman, and William H. Wright, Esq., as Secretary. Patriotic speeches were made by Hon. H. W. Blodgett, Hon. J. S. Frazer, Hon. E. P. Ferry, Rev. J. I. Ferree and Rev. James Selkrig. During the meeting, sev¬ eral persons enrolled their names as volunteers, amid much excitement and enthusiasm. On the Thursday evening following a second meeting was held in Dickinson Hall, which was largely attended by both Democrats and Republicans. 1. L. Clarke, Esq., called the assembly to order, the meeting organising with the following officers : President, James Wiseman ; Vice Presi¬ dents, E. M. Dennis and D. H. Stafford ; Secretaries, E. B. Payne and E. D. Colgan. Short speeches were made by Daniel Brewer, E. B. Payne, J. J. Huntley, I. L. Clarke, George C. Rogers, J. S. Frazer, P. Munson, J. Dyhrenfurth, A. S. Sherman and Mr. Coy. Party feeling was entirely ignored, and the most intense Union sentiments were cheered to the echo. A finance committee was appointed to solicit funds with which to defray the expenses of organising companies, and in a few hours $1,000 had been placed at their disposal. During the week enlistments continued, and at noon on Monday, April 22d, the first company of Lake County volunteers had completed their organization, and were aboard of the cars at Waukegan and m route for Chicago, being the first company to arrive in that city. The same evening, they were sent forward to Springfield, arriving there on Tuesday morning and being placed in quarters at Camp Yates. This company was known as "Company H, Waukegan Zouaves,*' and numbered some eighty-five members. At their organization they chose William Innis Captain ; B. Frank Rogers, First Lieutenant, and Eugene B. Payne, Second Lieutenant. Messrs. Innis and Rogers were from Chicago, and had formerly been members of the Ellsworth Zouaves, and were chosen as the first officers of the company because of that fact. The following persons composed the oompany :

War History And Record

This company seemed to be unfortunate in its organization, and also in its earlier experiences in camp, many of the boys being seriously ill within a short time after their arrival at Springfield. There was, too, an evident lack of sympathy between their Chicago officers and the men, and, after a month of camp life, many more companies having offered their services under the call for volunteers for three months than could possibly be accepted, Gov. Yates ordered that they be disbanded and returned home. So far as we can learn, only one death occurred among these men - Oscar B. Douglas dying shortly after his return home, from disease contracted while in onmp.

Meanwhile in other parts of the county aotive preparations for the war were going on. War meetings were held at Antioch, Millburn, Wauoonda, Libertyville and in other places. At the two places first named, several volunteers were enrolled in a company, organized in Chicago, with Hiram Hugunin, of Waukegan, as its Captain. This company was assigned as Co. K, of the Twelfth Regiment, and spent the greater part of their three months in the vicinity of Cairo.

A company was also organised at Libertyville, April 25th, composed largely of men from the south western part of the county, and known as the «« Lake County Union Rifle Guards." They were officered as follows: Captain, J.B. Jones; First Lieutenant, Geo. C. Rogers ; Second Lieutenant, J. S. Pratt, and were quartered in Waukegan for nearly two weeks before receiving orders to rendezvous at Freeport. During this time a neat gray uniform was procured at the expense of citizens, and the company attained considerable proficiency in drill under First Sergt. William Reid. Arrived in Freeport, the company was assigned as Co. I, Fifteenth Regiment, and sworn into the State's service for thirty days, it being found that no more troops could be accepted on the three months call. The company reorganized, and nearly all the men re-enlisting, and were re¬ cruited nearly to the maximum number. The regiment was mustered into the United States service, May 24th, and was the first regiment organized for the three years service in the State. After its organization, it proceeded to Alton, where it remained for six weeks, and then partici¬ pated in the oampaign in Southwestern Missouri during the Fall and Winter. In February, it returned to St. Louis, embarking on transports and arriving at Fort Donelson on the day of the surrender, too late to take an active part in that engagement. It next marched to Fort Henry and embarked on transports for Pittsburg Landing, taking part in the memorable battle of the 6th and 7th of April, 1862. This was its first real battle, and its losses were very heavy, 252 men being killed or wounded.

It subsequently participated in the siege of Corinth, and during the summer guarded various points of importance in that vicinity. In the battle of the Hatchie, in September, it was actively engaged, losing 60 in killed and wounded. It then took part in most of the severe campaigning of Gen. Grant, and participated in the siege of Vicksburg, After the surrender of that place, it marched to Jackson, Natchez, Kingston, Harrisonburg and other points and assisted in the cap¬ ture of Fort Beauregard, on the Washita River. In February, it moved with Gen. Sherman through Mississippi to Meridian, having a severe engagement at Champion Hills. During the Spring of 1864, many of the members re-enlisted and visited home on veteran fhrlough. Upon their return, the regiment marched across the country to Huntsville, Ala., where the non-vete¬ rans were mustered out

The veterans of this regiment were subsequently consolidated with those of the Fourteenth Regiment, and followed Gen. Sherman's army on the Atlanta campaign, being employed most of the time in guarding the railroad in the rear of the main army. After the fall of Atlanta, the Rebel Gen. Hood passed around to the rear of Gen. Sherman's army, and, following the railroad, succeeded in capturing the greater part of the men of this command at Ackworth and Big Shanty ; among them nearly every one of the Lrke County members. The few remaining marched with Sherman to the sea, thence north through the Carolines to Washington, and were finally mustered out in May, 1865.

During the early part of the Summer of 1861, a few men from the county enlisted in the Nineteenth Illinois, and a few joined other commands ; most of them being credited to other counties. In the latter part of the Summer, recruiting ogAin became active and two companies were organized in the county, with Eugene B. Payne and Erwin B. Messer as Captains. These companies reported at Camp Fry, Chicago, in August, and were assigned as Companies C and F, of the Thirty-seventh Regiment. On the 19th of September, the command was ordered to St.

Louis, and shortly after marohed to Booneville, Otterville, Springfield and Warsaw, making many hard marches and spending the Winter at the latter place. Maroh 7, 1862, it participated in the battle of Pea Ridge, doing excellent service and losing very heavily. Shortly after the battle, it returned to Cassville, and subsequently to Springfield. In September, it was present at the battle of Newtonia, and later at Fayetteville. In the early part of December, it made a forced march to relieve Gen. Blunt, traveling 112 miles in . three days, and going at once into action at Prairie Grove, where its losses were again very heavy, ten of the regiment being killed and fifty-seven wounded. After this engagement, the command followed the enemy to the Arkansas River, where, with the aid of a battery, two or three small boats were sunk. After this, they returned to Carrollton, and subsequently to Cape Girardeau, making a very severe march from the latter place to St. Genevieve, in the attempt to capture Gen. Marmaduke. The expedition wa3 attended with some severe skirmishing and some lives were lost. The oommand was obliged to return without accomplishing any very satisfactory result. With the exception of occasional expeditions of this character, the Winter was passed at Springfield, Missouri. In April, 1863, the command was sent to St. Louis, but disturbances warned them baok, by rail, to Cape Girardeau, from whence an expedition, of which they formed a part, set out, making a maroh of more than 200 miles, and fighting quite a severe battle at Chalk Bluff, Missouri, on the 2d day of May. After this expedition, they returned, via Cape Girardeau, to St. Louis, then, by rail, to Pilot # Knob, and, on foot, to St. Genevieve, where transports were taken down the Mississippi, nearly * to Vicksburg. Landing above that stronghold in June, the oommand marohed around the city to a point below, and assisted in the environment. During the Beige, and up to the time of the surrender upon the 4th of July, 1863, frequent reconnoissanoes were made, and much labor was expended in digging entrenchments, in all of which the Thirty-seventh bore its fall pari. After the surrender, the regiment was sent up the Yazoo River to Yazoo City, scouting in that vicinity for two weeks. It then returned to Vicksburg, and subsequently went down the river, arriving at Port Hudson on the 26th of July. It was subsequently stationed at Point Coupee, Carrollton, Morganza, and New Orleans. On the 24th of October, they left the latter place and went by trans¬ ports to Point Isabel, near the mouth of the Rio Grande. Encountering a severe storm while on the Gulf, they experienced considerable inconvenience and did not land until the 4th of November. They then marohed to Brownville, Texas, remaining there most of the Winter.

On the 10th of February, 1864, a majority of the regiment re-enlisted, fifty members of Companies C and F signing the muster-roll for three years more. They were shortly afterward sent home on veteran furlough, and were given a hearty reception upon their arrival in Wauke¬ gan, March 23.

The non -veterans were left in Texas for a time after the re-enlisting of the majority of the regiment, but subsequently were ordered to New Orleans, doing duty of various kinds at dif¬ ferent points along the Mississippi during the Summer of 1864, and until the expiration of their term of enlistment, when they were formally mustered out and returned to their homes.

After a little more than a month at home, the veterans were again off for the front. Arriv¬ ing at Memphis, they were hurriedly. ordered from the boats and immediately sent out upon an expedition to head off the Rebel forces under Gen. Forrest, then threatening that and other points along the river, marching to Ripley, Miss., and return. Again embarking upon the transports, they were taken up the Red River, and subsequently up the Atchafalaya, to meet the Banks expedition, then on its disastrous retreat. A little later, they were marched fifty miles to Morganza Bend, where they lay until July, when they went by boat to the mouth of White River, where they remained until October. Their next move was to Duvall's Bluff, where they were quartered until February, 16, 1865, when they went to Kennersville, La., and thence by ocean steamer to Pensacola. Florida. Joining the forces sent against Blakely, they laid siege to the place, and on the 9th of April joined in the assault upon the works, which resulted so suc¬ cessfully. The only casualty to the Lake County boys was the losing of a finger by Thomas McAllister.

The forces next moved across Mobile Bay and up the river, the Rebels surrendering Mobile, Selma and Montgomery to their advance. Returning to Mobile, they were sent across the Gulf to Galveston, Texa9, by steamer, reaching there July 1,' and participating in a grand Fourth of July celebration. Shortly afterward, they went by rail to Columbus, being separated into de¬ tachments, and hunting up and looking after branded horses and mules, and other Government property. In the Fall, they were sent to Houston, where they were practically idle all Winter, and until their final muster out, April 16, 1866. As near as we can learn, they were the last regi¬ ment of volunteer infantry to leave the service, being in almost five years. No other volunteers from the county were in the service so long as the veterans of the Thirty-seventh Regiment, and few, if any, troops in the service were ever called upon to march as many miles on foot or to travel as far by rail and water. The veterans finally reached home upon the last day of May, 1866. Of the Lake County boys in Company F, ten were killed in action and two died in Andersonville, besides others who died of disease, while more than one-half of the remainder were wounded.

The battles in which the Thirty-seventh participated were : Pea Ridge, Ark., March 6, 7 and 8, 1862 ; Prairie Grove, Ark., December 7, 1862 ; Chalk Bluffs, Mo., May 2, 1863 ; and the sieges of Vioksburg and Blakely. The skirmishes were : Sugar Creek and Springfield, Mo. ; Cow Skin Prairie, Indian Territory ; Neosho, Mo. ; Atohafalaya, La. ; King's River and Van Buren, Ark., and Yasoo City, Mias. Before re-enlisting, the regiment marched 2,441 miles on foot.

About the time that the Companies for the Thirty -Seventh Regiment were filled, recruiting for a Company for the Washburns Lead Mine Regiment, afterward designated as the Forty-Fifth Regiment, was begun under Messrs. Putnam, Boyce and Balfour. Only about fifty men were secured, however, and these, with about an equal number from Rook Island County, were united and mustered as Co. I, the Captaincy being given to Oliver A. Bridgford, of Millersburg, and the First and Second Lieutenancy to James Balfour and Henry H. Boyce respectively. The regiment was mustered into service at Chioago, on ChristmasjDay, 1861. On the 15th of January, 1862, it moved to Cairo, Illinois ; thence southward by transports, landing below Fort Henry, on the Tennessee River, February 4th, and marching into the Fort after its surrender to the gunboats two days later. On the 11th of February, it moved toward Fort Donelson, and during the suc¬ ceeding days bore its fall share of the hardships and dangers attendant upon that great battle, its flag being the first planted upon the works after the enemy's surrender. Its losses were two killed and twenty-six wounded. Two weeks later, it returned to the Tennessee, and again mov¬ ing southward, took part in the expedition to Pin Hook, and on the 25th of March encamped at Shiloh Churoh. In the battle of Shiloh, on the 6th and 7th of April, it bore a conspicuous part, its losses being twenty-six killed and about two hundred wounded. During the Summer of 1862, it was Actively engaged in guarding railroads, and in the various expeditions in Western Tennes¬ see and Northern Mississippi, being considerable of the time in the vicinity of Jackson. In the Winter following, it took part in the various maneuvers looking to the capture of Vicksburg, but engaged in no severe fighting until the summer campaign commenced, when it had a conspicu¬ ous part in the rapid and brilliant series of engagements under Gen. Grant, whereby the rebel foroes, intended to protect and operate outside of Vicksburg were completely out-maneuveTed and driven off, while the environment of that great Btronghold was made possible. The engage¬ ments participated in immediately preceding the seige of Vicksburg were Port Gibson and Thompson's Hill, on the 1st of May; Raymond, May 12th; Jaokson, May 14th, and Champion Hills, May 16th. During the Beige of Vicksburg, the regiment was constantly under fire, and frequently engaged in serious work. On the 22d of May, they were part of a charging column, and lost heavily in the assault. At the exploding of the mine preoared by this regiment, on the 2oth of June, they were the first to spring into the breaoh, and hold the advantage won. During the day, the regiment had one field officer wounded, and two killed, and lost many line officers and enlisted men. Their losses during the forty-two days' seige were more that one hundred in killed and wounded. On the Fourth of July, 1868, the Forty-fifth led the advance of Gen. Logan's Division into the surrendered city, and their flag was the first to wave over the cupola of the Court House.

After the surrender, the Forty-fifth did provost duty in the city most of the time until the 14th of Ootober, when it joined in the Canton raid, having a skirmish at Boguechitts Creek on the 17th. Returning to Vicksburg, it was sent to Black River on the 7th of November, from which point it started on the celebrated Meridian raid. Its only fight on this expedition was at Chunky Station, where it drove off a vastly superior force of the enemy.

On the 6th of January, 1864, and before this raid began, a large part of the regiment re-en¬ listed, and on their return from Meridian the veterans were sent home on farlough, Galena being their general rendezvous while in the State. Returning, they reached Cairo, Ill., on the 1st of May, and on the 14th arrived at Clifton, Tenn. From this point, it marched to Big Shanty, Ga., more than 800 miles, arriving there and joining Sherman's army on the 9th of June. During the remainder of the Atlanta campaign, it was engaged in guarding the railroad, the main part of the regiment being stationed at Marietta, Ga., after the rebels retired from the Kenesaw Moun¬ tain line until October. It was then moved to Ackworth and subsequently to Atlanta. From the latter plaoe it joined in the memorable march to the sea, its experience being similar to that of the other troops engaged in that triumphal expedition.

The non-veterans were mustered out two days after the fall of Fort McAllister, and as soon as transportation could be obtained, returned home via New York City. From Savannah, the Veteran Regiment was sent by water to Beaufort, and on the 14th of January, 1865, engaged the enemy at Pocotaligo, driving them off with considerable loss to itself. It then rejoined Sher¬ man's army and marched northward to Washington, from whence it was sent to Louisville for final muster out. The regiment arrived in Chicago on the 15th of July, 1865, where it was disbanded.

During the active recruiting of the Autumn of 1861, an effort was made to form a company in the county for the Fifty-first Regiment, which was so far successful that about sixty-five men were secured, and these with a few from McHenry County and others from Chicago were organ¬ ized as Company G, going into Camp Douglas, Chicago, and being finally mustered in on the 24th of December. The regiment remained in Chicago until February 14, 1862, when it was ordered to Cairo, and assisted in looking after the prisoners of war just arriving from Fort Donelson. Two weeks later, it crossed the river into Kentucky, and on the 4th of March joined Gen. Pope's forces at Bertrand, Missouri, subsequently moving with that command against New Madrid and Island No. 10, being present at the surrender of Gen. Mackall with 4,000 prisoners. Returning to New Madrid, it embarked on transports on the 11th of April, moving down to Osceola, Arkan¬ sas, and subsequently to Hamburg Landing, Tennessee, disembarking on the 22d. From this point it moved out toward Corinth, being severely engaged in the battle of Farmington. After the evacuation of Corinth, the Fifty-first joined in the pursuit of the retreating enemy for a time, but was afterward assigned to duty along the Memphis and Charleston Railroad. In September, it was ordered to Nashville, in which vicinity it remained until December, being engaged in the defense of the city on the occasion of the demonstration against it on the 6th of November. At the battle of Stone's River, late in December, the Fifty-first bore a conspicuous part, losing heavily in officers and men. From the 6th of January, 1863, until the 4th of March, it remained in camp three miles south of Murfreesboro. It then made a rapid march to Eagleville, surpris¬ ing and capturing a small force of the enemy. From there it moved to Franklin, joining in the Duck River campaign, and afterward returning to Murfreesboro. On the 24th of June, it started on the Tullahoma campaign, and had the advance much of the time until the Tennessee River was crossed, about the 1st of September. It then marched with its corps to Alpine, Georgia, the movement being successful in flanking the rebels out of Chattanooga. Moving across the mountains toward Chattanooga, they joined the main army on the 19th of September, and immediately went into the engagement at Chickamauga. During the afternoon of the first day's fight, the Fifty-first occupied for a time a terribly exposed position, and suffered very severely. Company G had its commanding officer, Lieut. Simons, of Antioch, killed; also six enlisted men. Besides that, twelve were wounded and five captured, only seven men escaping unhurt. At the close of the battle, Sergt. Strickland was the ranking officer, and had command of the three left companies of the battalion.

From the close of this engagement until the battle of Mission Ridge, the Fifty-first lay in Chattanooga, living on part rations, but performing no severe labor. During the progress of the last-named battle, it moved across the plain and up the steep sides of the ridge, aiding the work of routing the enemy, whom it followed until nightfall. Immediately afterward, it started for the relief of the army of Gen. Burnside, making forced marches and enduring much suffering from wet and cold. For months they had received no pay, their clothing was worn to shreds, and full rations had been almost unknown since Chickamauga. Add to this that it was the mid¬ dle of such a winter as Eastern Tennessee had hArdly ever before experienced, and one can justly appreciate the lofty heroism which inspired these battered veterans, after two full years of arduous service, to re-enlist, almost to a man. As soon as they could be safely spared, they were returned to Chattanooga and furloughed home, reaching Chicago February 17, 1864. After thirty days among their friends, they were summoned to Chicago, and, on the 28th of March, returned to the front, marching most of the way from Nashville to Chattanooga, and camping at Cleveland, from whence it moved out for the Atlanta campaign on the 3d of May. From this time until September, it was almost constantly under fire. At Rooky Face Ridge it bore a con¬ spicuous part, and lost many men. At Resaca, on the 14th and 15th of May, and at Dallas, toward the close of the month, it suffered to some extent. At Kenesaw Mountain, on the 27th of June, it was in the charging column, which was so disastrously repulsed, losing very heavily. At the crossing of the Chattahoochie River, and again at Peach Tree Creek, the casualties were serious. During the siege of Atlanta, it participated in numerous reconnoissances, and, after the evacuation, it followed the enemy to Jonesboro and Lovejoy Station, being engaged at both places. Returning to Atlanta, it enjoyed a brief season of rest ; but, after a month or less, again set out with the Fourth Corps, following Hood's army, via Dalton, to Gaylesville, Alabama, then marching to Chattanooga, subsequently proceeding - partly by rail and partly on foot - to Pulaski, Tennessee. It was on the retreat under Schofield, and at Franklin lost very heavily, occupying, in the early part of the engagement, an unfortunate position in front of the main Union lines, from which it was compelled to retreat in the face of a murderous fire. The gauntlet was too terrible, and quite a per centage of the regiment surrendered. At the battle of Nashville, two weeks later, it was in the reserve most of the time, its losses being light. Following Hood to Huntsville, Alabama, it went into winter quarters on the 5th of January, 1865, remaining until March, when it went by rail to Strawberry Plains, East Tennessee, marching from there along the railroad to Greenville. On the 15th of April, it started by rail on the return to Nashville, where it remained until June 16. At this place the non-veterans were mustered out and sent home. The veterans were then sent, via New Orleans, to Placider, Texas, and remained in that vicinity until the 26th of September, when they were mustered out and sent North, being finally paid off and discharged at Springfield, Illinois, October 15th, 1865.

During the winter of 1861-2, the Sixty-fifth Regiment, known at the time as the " Scotch Regiment," was raised in the northern part of the State, this being the last complete regimental organization of infantry in the State under the earlier calls for troops. While the work of recruiting was going on, a nucleus for a company in Lake County was formed by the consolida¬ tion of the part of a company from this vicinity recruited for the Forty-fifth Regiment, with the fractional company from Rock Island County, by which there was a small surplus of men and officers. James S. Putnam, of Waukegan, who had been tendered a Lieutenant's commission in the Forty-fifth, set about raising a new company for the Sixty-fifth, and with such success that in a few weeks he had more than the maximum number, one-half of whom were from Lake County. This company was assigned as Company F and was mustered at Camp Douglas, Chi¬ cago, Illinois, April 26, 1862. After remaining there for a short time, it was sent to Martinsburg, Virginia, and subsequently to Harper's Ferry, where it was surrendered to the rebels. The next day it was paroled and sent to Chioago, where it remained until April, 1868, when an exchange was effected. It was then ordered into Eastern Kentucky, campaigning in that region for some months, and subsequently being sent to Knoxville, Tennessee, being attached to Burn¬ side's command. In the two heaviest engagements at Knoxville, in November, 1863, the Sixtyfifth bore an honorable part and suffered quite severely. The winter campaign was a very severe one, and the members of the Sixty-fifth were subjected to many hardships and privations. But no sooner had the announcement been made that, having served for two full years, they might re-enli8t for three years more and be given a short furlough home, than the men began enrolling their names, more than four hundred going upon the roll of veterans. In March, 1864, they were sent to Chicago, and after the expiration of their veteran furlough, were returned to Ten¬ nessee. rejoining the Twenty-third Army Corps, then well advanced upon the Atlanta campaign. Its first sharp engagement after its return was between Kenesau and Lost Mountains on the 16th of June. It had a more or less conspicuous part in most of the subsequent engagements of the campaign, including the battle of Jonesboro. On the 9th of September, 1864, they went into camp at Decatur, Ga., remaining until October 5th, when they joined in the pursuit of Hood, following him, via Rome and Dalton, to Gaylesville, Ala. Returning to Dalton, it moved by rail to Nashville, and subsequently to Pulaski, Tenn., where the Fourth 'Corps was entrenched. On the 22d of November, it retreated, with the main army, to Columbia, Tenn., and on the 25th and 26th, was severely engaged, losing more than fifty in killed and wounded. Retreating again, it was next engaged at Franklin, on the 80th, occupying the position most frequently assaulted by the enemy, and doing valiAnt service. In its immediate front, at dark, lay more than two hundred rebel dead and wounded, and the flag of the Fifteenth Mississippi was in its possession. Again retreating, it moved to Nashville and participated in the battles of the 15th And 16th of December, afterward following the enemy to Clifton, Tenn., where it went into camp, remaining until the 15th of January, 1865, when it went aboard of transports, being taken to Cincinnati, and from that place by rail to Annapolis, Md. Here it embarked on an ocean steamer and was taken to Federal Point, near Wilmington, North Carolina, landing there on the 7th of February. After two or three skirmishes, they occupied Fort Anderson, and on the 20th, had quite an engagement at Smithtown Creek, capturing three hundred and fifty men and three pieces of artillery. After the fall of Wilmington, on the 22d, they went into camp until the 6th of March, when they moved forward to Kingston, Goldsboro and Raleigh. Here the non-veterans of Company G were mustered out and sent home just after the surrender of Johnston's army. From Raleigh, the veterans moved to Greensboro, going into camp and remaining there until the 13th of July, when they were finally mustered out. The trip to Chicago occupied until the 22d, and on the 26th of July, 1865, they received their final payment and discharge.

During the period in which the regiments previously sketched were recruited, a few Lake County men scattered in various other commands, some joining the Eighth Cavalry, others the Nineteenth Illinois Infantry, and still others enlisting in Chicago batteries. They formed no com¬ plete organization, however, and we cannot follow their campaigaings in a work like this. So far os they were credited to Lake County their names will be found in the list given elsewhere. Quite a number were also members of the three months' regiments enlisted in the Spring of 1862 for the express purpose of guarding rebel prisoners at Camp Douglas, but many of these, as of other regiments, were credited to Chicago, although residents of Lake County, and we must pAss their rosters without extended comment.

The Spring of 1862 brought comparative quiet at the North, and it was hoped and believed that the Union armies were sufficiently large to cope with and eventually crush the enemy. For some months there was almost an entire lull in recruiting. But in the early Summer months there came the news of fresh disaster to our armies in the battles at the East, while from North¬ ern Mississippi and Tennessee, reports were received thAt the campaigns were unsuccessful, and our faithful soldiers were being overworked in caring for long lines and watching their wide¬ awake enemy.

Then came the call for 300,000 additional troops, and, in a few days, the supplemental call, swelling the aggregate of men asked for to 600,000. Recruiting began at once ; but in Lake County the harvest was just coming on, and many who were willing to volunteer were needed upon the farms for a few weeks, at least. Assurances being given that the volunteers would not be required to report for duty until about the 1st of September, a fresh impetus was given to the work, and enlistments were rapidly made. A. Z. Blodgett, C. A. Montgomery and others of Waukegan procured a muster roll, and within a few days had the satisfaction of seeing a full company enrolled. Isaac L. Clarke, Esq., of Waukegan, and Dr. Salisbury, of Hainesville, started out to recruit a company, but speedily their lists were overflowing, and about the middle of August, two companies were organized, one at Hainesville, with Dr. Salisbury as its Captain, and the other at Waukegan, with Mr. Clarke as its ranking offioer. At about the same time. J. K. Pollock, Esq., of Millburn, had quite a list of volunteers, and two or three others had a few. It was supposed that the county had already raised about its quota, and thst very few, if any, additional men oould be obtained. But in a few days Capt. Clarke's Company had a sur¬ plus, and a dozen of his men were asked to join in the organization of a new company. These being obtained, the fourth oompany was formed, and recruited to ninety-four men.

Meanwhile, the leading men in the county were pondering the question as to what could be done to seoure their assignment to good and well-officered regiments. Remembering that while our enlistments in the county during the previous year had aggregated half a regiment, yet, because of the different companies and parts of companies being so scattered in different organ¬ izations, we had not had up to that time a single field officer, it was determined to attempt to have the four companies assigned to a single regiment, with one or more field officers from the county. Accordingly these four companies, with six from Jo Daviess County, were assigned as the Ninety-sixth Regiment and ordered to rendezvous at Rockford. Going into camp Sept. 5, 1862, they organized with Thomas E. Champion, of Jo Daviess County, as Colonel, Isaac L. Clarke, of Lake County, as Lieutenant Colonel, and John C. Smith, of Jo Daviess County, as Major. The Lake County companies were lettered as follows : Company B, Capt. David Salisbury ; Company C, Copt. J. K. Pollock ; Company D, Capt. A. Z. Blodgett; Company G, Capt. James Clarke.

On the 8th of Ootober, the Ninety-sixth was ordered to Cincinnati, and for some weeks was engaged in guarding various points on the Kentucky side of the Ohio River. Early in Novem¬ ber, it marched southward, camping for a short time at Lexington and for some weeks at Harrodsburg. At the latter plaoe, the printers of the regiment under Major Hicks, who was an old newspaper man, obtained possession of an office and issued a spicy sheet entitled the Soldier J Letter . The next move was to Danville, Ky., where the regiment remained until near the close of January, 1868, except that late in December they made a severe march in the direction of Lebanon for the purpose of diverting the attention of a force of rebels and preventing their joining Gen. Bragg, then fighting the battle of Stone's River. This march was made during a sever® and prolonged winter rain storm, the command going out one day and returning the next. From Danville they marched to Louisville, taking transports down the Ohio and up the Cumber¬ land River, arriving at Fort Donelson the day after the severe engagement in which the Eightythird Illinois drove off a large force of rebel cavalry which had made a desperate effort to retake the fort and intercept the fleet then coming up the river.

Proceeding to Nashville, they remained iu camp for a few days, then going by rail to Frank¬ lin and joining in the Duck River campaign. Returning, it remained in camp, doing picket duty and assisting in building forts until the last of May, when it marched to Triune. While here, the rebels made a strong demonstration against the place, but the Ninety-sixth suffered no casualties.

Joining in the Tullahoma campaign, made especially memorable from the fact that it rained for seventeen successive days, it marched nearly to Shelby ville, when it took charge of a large body of rebel prisoners, conducting them to Murfreesboro. Returning, they were stationed for a short time at Shelbyville and War Trace, and subsequently guarded the railroad bridge across Elk River, at Estell Springs, until September. At this time it was a part of the' Reserve Corps. On the 6th of September, it broke camp and moved forward, making no stop of importance until it reached Bridgeport. Here, after a stop of a day or two, the regiment was ordered to move to Chatta¬ nooga, leaving all camp equipage and all men not able to march. Marohing all day and the succeeding night, the command reached Ross ville, a little distance out from Chattanooga, on the 14th of September. On the afternoon of the 18th, the brigade was ordered out to reconnoiter the Ringgold road, the Ninety-sixth leading. At Chickamauga Creek the rebels had a small picket force, which fired upon the command, but at first without iqjury to anyone. Co. D was at once deployed as skirmishers and moved forward. In crossing the road, Corporal Elisha Haggert was killed, he being the first man from the regiment to fall in action. Pushing the rebels back for a short distance, night put a stop to further operations, and the command lay on its arms. During this skirmish, Capt. Blodgett and two or three of his men were wounded. The next morning, the regiment retired a short distance, and during the day was under an annoying fire, although not actively engaged, the main fighting on this part of the line being upon its right. On Sunday morning, Sept. 20th, the enemy was gone from its immediate front. The command, however, lay near its position of the day before until nearly noon, when it made a rapid march to join the main army, then heavily engaged. Arriving on the field, the command passed to the extreme right and immediately went into action, being upon the right of the front line. Charging the enemy then massing upon a wooded hill, it met a murderous fire, but main¬ tained an advanced position until every regiment to its left and rear had given way. Retiring for a short distance only, it reformed its lines and moved to the support of a battery, then in danger of capture, and saved it after a desperate fight. Through all that Sabbath afternoon, the Ninety-sixth was on the move and in the front line, and when night shut down over the field it was the last organized force to retreat. The Reserve Corps had saved the day and made a retreat possible, and no regiment had contributed more to this result than the Ninety-sixth. But at what a fearful cost ! Early in the afternoon, the gallant Lieutenant Colonel Clarke had been o&rried from the field with a bullet wound in hie breast, from which he died next daj. The oaeualtiee in the regiment, including oapture, numbered 281 out of a total of little more than 400. In the four Lake County companies there were twenty killed and mortally wounded, and about sixty more or less severely wounded. Retiring from the field at dark, the fragment of a regiment rested for the night in the oamp at Roseville, from which it had gone out for the fight. Next day it fortified a line on Mission Ridge, but abandoned it toward midnight. Not all, how¬ ever, for by some blunder Company C, fourteen strong, under Lieut. Earle, together with Com¬ pany H, from Jo Daviess County, and two or three companies from other regiments, were left on picket, and next morning found themselves inside the enemy's lines and were obliged to sur¬ render. Lieut. Earle afterward dug out of Libby prison and escaped. Of the fourteen men captured with him, nine died in rebel prisons. After Chickamauga, the regiment occupied an exposed position on Moccasin Point, across the Tennessee River from Lookout Mountain, for some time, afterward crossing the river and going out to meet Hooker's forces coming from Bridgeport. It was next sent to Nick-a-Jack Cove, near Shell Mound, but again moved out to take part in the battle of Lookout Mountain, with its brigade, which had been temporarily detached from its corps and assigned to Hooker's command. In this engagement the Ninetysixth hod the honor of bearing a conspicuous part. Ascending the mountain by the flank, some three or four miles from the river, it bad the head of the column composing the rear line. When the advance had marched nearly to the mountain's top, the grand forward movement began, the long lines extending from the base to the summit, swinging around the mountain and sur¬ prising the rebels occupying works upon its side by charging them from the flank. Before much progress hod been made, the rear line moved forward and the Ninety-sixth was in the advance thro, ghout the whole of the fight. During a part of the day, heavy clouds hung far below them, and they were indeed fighting above the clouds. The casualties embraced one Lake County man - Esau Rich, of Company B - killed, and a number wounded. Night ohecked operations before the rebel forces were all driven off, but they discreetly withdrew, and next morning the Ninetysixth UJinois and the Eighth Kentucky were permitted to mount to the top, and from their elevated position watch the battle of Mission Ridge.

Returning to Nick-a-Jack, the Ninety-Sixth Regiment remained in Winter quarters until near the close of January, 1864. when it marched to Cleveland, Tennessee, stopping at various points, and taking part in the recon noissance to Dalton, having quite a severe skirmish at that place. The remainder of the Winter was spent at Cleveland and Blue Springs, and from the latter place it started out, for the Atlanta campaign, about the 1st of May. On the 9th of May, it took part in a strong demonstration against Rooky Face Ridge, and toward night reconnoitered the gap through which the railroad passes to Dalton. Its losses during the day were thirty, four of whom were killed or mortally wounded. On the 14th and l&th of May, it was engaged at Resaca, losing twenty-four men. Skirmishing its way to Dallas, it lost nine men ; and, before reaching the Kenesaw Mountain line, six more.- At Kenesaw Mountain it lost fifty men - most of them on the 20th of June - where Col. Champion and Lieut. Col. Smith were both severely wounded, and Capt. Gilmore, of Company B, and Capt. James, of Company G, mortally wounded. In the engagements along the Chattahoochee, at Peach Tree Creek, and along the Atlanta line, it had a constant part, and during July and August lost more than twenty men. Marching to the rear of Atlanta, it was engaged at Jonesboro and Lovejoy Station, having the advance upon the latter place, and losing about a dozen in killed and wounded. Returning to Atlanta, it rested for a month, and then joined in the pursuit of Hood, via Dalton, to Gajlesville, Alabama, when it marched to Chattanooga, taking the cars until near Huntsville, when it marched to Pulaski. Retreating to Nashville, it had a part in the battle at Franklin, November 30, 1864, losing but four or five men, however. Two weeks later, it was engaged at Nashville, charging the enemy on the afternoon of the Beoond day, breaking their line and capturing a four-gun battery, and more prisoners than there were meh in the regiment. Its losses in this engagement were about twenty.

Following the retreating rebels to the Tennessee River, it encamped at Huntsville, Alabama, January 6, 1865, remaining there until March, when it went, by rail, to East Tennessee, stop¬ ping at Strawberry Plains, Russellville and Bull's Gap. Upon the receipt of the news of the surrender of Lee's army, it moved, by rail, to Nashville, where it was mustered out on the 10th of June - its recruits being transferred to the Twenty-First Illinois Regiment, and sent to Texas, where they remained until the following Autumn. From Nashville the regiment was sent to Chicago, being finally paid off and discharged on the 28th of June, 1865. On the same day, a grand reception was given the Lake County companies, at Waukegan, the ladies spreading an elegant collation at Dickinson Hall, and Judge Upton delivering an eloquent welcoming address. During the service of the four Lake County companies, between ninety and one hundred of the four hundred who left their homes were killed, or died from wounds, exposure and disease.

During the Summer and Autumn of 1863, the movement in behalf of the Sanitary Commis¬ sion - whose object was to furnish vegetables, fruits and other necessaries to the soldiers, in the field and hospitals - took definite shape, the people organizing for the work, and carrying it for¬ ward with an earnestness that bore hearty testimony to their patriotism. At the great North¬ western Fair in Chicago, October 27th, Lake County bore a conspicuous part, forwarding large amounts from the various railroad stations, besides sending more than eighty wagons in proces¬ sion, loaded with sanitary stores, labeled with patriotic inscriptions, and ornamented with flags and banners. And there were no small loads, but such a generous offering as only the big hearts of the sturdy patriots, who formed the rank and file of the population, could have con¬ ceived. And the ladies, too, were wide awake, and Soldiers' Aid societies and other organiza¬ tions, for the purpose of providing hospital stores and dainties for the sick and wounded bus* bands and brothers, sprung up in every township and neighborhood. This work was continued until the very close of the war, and until the very name of Lake Codntt beoame a proverb in the Northwest for all that was noble or generous or patriotic in the grand work of alleviating the sufferings of the soldiers.

But even the 600,000 were not enough, and when the armies of the West were checked at Chickamauga, and the campaigns of the Summer of 1863 had failed to secure any substantial advance at the East, there came a feeling that more men were wanted. During the Summer and Fall of 1863, the militia roll was prepared with the expectation that a possible draft might be required. During the Winter of 1863-4, after a lull of more than a year, recruiting was again begun, Nathaniel Vose, Esq., of Warren, raising a company of 103 men for the Seventeenth Cavalry, a new regiment then forming at St. Charles, in this State. This company was mustered as Company I, February 12. 1864. Nearly all of the men purchased their own horses, and the regiment was especially well equipped.

From St. Charles they proceeded to St. Louis, and then to Alton, Ill., early in May, the Third Battalion, of which Company I formed a part, guarding prisoners at that point until August, when it was ordered to Benton Barracks, Mo., and subsequently to Rolla. From the latter place it made a forced march to rescue Gen. Ewing's command at Leesburg. Returning to Rolla, it moved to Jefferson City, where it crossed the Missouri River alone in the face of a vastly superior force, estimated at nearly ten times the number of men in the Seventeenth. The next morning, Price's forces attacked the regiment, then re-enforced by the arrival of troops in the night, but speedily withdrew upon discovering that additional troops were confronting them. The command quickly followed, marching to Boonesville and Independence, and having a light skirmish at each place. Near the close of October, it joined in the pursuit of Marmaduke, moving seventy miles in twenty-four hours, and helping to capture that General with ten cannon and a thousand men. With scarcely any rest, they followed the main rebel force nearly to Fort Scott, having frequent skirmishes, and completely wearing out their horses, so that not a few of the men were compelled to travel on foot. So badly used up was the command that the pursuit was necessarily abandoned, the forces returning to Springfield and then to Rolla, via Cassville. In forty-three days they marched over a thousand miles, and lost six hundred horses. In January, 1866, they were ordered to Pilot Knob, where new horses were furnished them. In April, they were ordered to Cape Girardeau, from whence detachments were sent out in different directions to guard various points, having occasional encounters with the bushwhackers who swarmed in that locality. Early in May, they went with the Commissioners to Jonesboro, Ark., where the last of the Confederate army, under Jeff Thompson, was surrendered.

Returning to Cape Girardeau, they were ordered to Kansas City, marching across the country. Their next move was to Fort Smith, whenoe they returned to Fort Scott, remaining there until October. They were then ordered out for a trip to the plains, but on arriving at Fort Leaven¬ worth the order was changed, and on the 23d of November, 1865, they were mustered out and started for Springfield, where they received their final payment and discharge.

Upon the arrival in Chicago of the Thirty-ninth Regiment, in January, 1864, upon veteran furlough, R. S. Botsford, of Waukegan, was commissioned to recruit for Company F, and in a short time had sufficient men to fill it to the maximum number, fifty-two of whom were from Lake County, Mr. Botsford being commissioned Second Lieutenant, and subsequently promoted to Captain. Joining their command at Camp Fry, Chicago, they started, March 16th, for the seat of war, going to Washington and then to Alexandria, where it lay in camp until April 24th. On that day the Thirty-ninth took a steamer down the Potomac to Fortress Monroe, and afterward up the James River to City Point, from where it moved out with the Tenth Army Corps, joining in the operations along the Richmond & Petersburg Railroad. On the 14th and 15th of May, it was engaged to some extent, and on the 16th had a hard fight, being forced to retreat for some distance, and losing 115 in killed and wounded. On the 20th, it attacked the rebels, carrying two important positions, and capturing many prisoners, including Gen. Winder. Its losses in killed and wounded were about forty. On the 2d of June, another action was had on almost precisely the ground fought over on the 20th of May, and with about an equal loss. From the 16th to the 19th, it was under heavy fire, losing thirty-five men. On the 20th of June, it withdrew to a point near Bermuda Hundred, and was not particularly exposed until August 14th, when they crossed the James River and operated with the Second Corps in a movement toward Rich¬ mond. On the ltith, they had a hard fight at Deep Run, charging the enemy's breastworks and breaking their line, the regiment losing 104 men. It next moved into the trenches in front of Petersburg, remaining there several weeks. Moving to the north side of James River, it met and repulsed three rebel chargee on the 7th of October, and on the 13th charged the enemy's works, losing sixty men and coming out of the fight under command of a Lieutenant. On the 27th of

October, it was engaged in a heavy skirmish. From that time until March, it had no severe fight¬ ing, but lay in the works upon the north side of the James River. On the 2d of April, it took part in the charge on Fort Gregg, and was the first to plant its flag upon the works. Its losses were sixty-one out of 160, but its success was remarkable, as the fort with its entire garrison fell into their hands. The regiment was highly complimented for its gallantry, and received a magnificent bronze eagle as a testimonial to its courage. When the rebels retreated from Rich¬ mond, the Thirty-nintn had the advance in the pursuit, making very severe marches and having frequent skirmishes, its final engagement on the 9th of April resulting in the loss of several men. It was present at the final surrender of Lee's army, after which it marched to Richmond, remaining there until August. It then removed to Norfolk, doing provost duty until December 6th, when it was mustered out and ordered to Springfield, Illinois, where it was finally dis¬ charged December 16, 1866.

In January, 1864, the Sixty-fourth Regiment re-enlisted, and was allowed to return home for a brief furlough. Previous to this time, the command had been composed of but six compa¬ nies, and had been known as the 11 First Battalion of Yates Sharpshooters ; " but it was decided to fill up the regiment, and authority was given to raise four companies for this purpose. Charles Case, Esq., of Waukegan, undertook to fill one, and in a short time had more than a hundred men upon his roll, thirty- two of whom were from Lake County. This company reported at Ottawa, where the regiment was to rendezvous, in March, and was assigned as Company K. On the 17th, they started south and made their first stop at Deoat ur, Alabama, where they remained until May, when they moved to Chattanooga and joined in the Atlanta campaign, being attaohed to the Sixteenth Army Corps. Their first engagement was near Resaca, where they met with slight losses. At Kingston and Van Wert they had more or less skirmishing, and at Dallas, from the 27th to the 80th, they were quite heavily engaged. Other skirmishes followed, but the next severe fighting was at Kenesaw Mountain. On the 27th of June, the Sixty-fourth led the assaulting column upon the left, pushing its way nearly to the summit of the mountain, and hold¬ ing its advanced position until relieved and ordered to fall back, at 2 o'clock next morning. In this fight it lost fifty-seven men. When the rebels fell back, on the night of July 20th, the Six¬ ty-fourth was the first to oooupy the mountain. The national holiday was spent in forcing the rebels back toward the Chattahoochee, the Sixty-fourth haring the skirmish line, and losing twenty-five in killed and wounded. At the crossing of the river they were again engaged, and on the 19th of July had another fight near Decatur, Georgia. In the battle of the 22d, when the gallant McPherson fell, they bore conspicuous part, losing eighty-nine men. They captured forty prisoners and one battle-flag, and recovered the field-glass and papers taken by the rebels from the person of Gen. McPherson. On the 28th, they repulsed three successive charges, inflicting heavy losses upon their assailants. Moving with the main army around Atlanta, they had a part in the fights at Jonesbore and Lovejoy Station, and returned, via Atlanta, to East Point. After a recon noiss&nce to Fairburn, they followed Hood to Gaylesville, Alabama, having a sharp skirmish at Snake Creek Gap. Returning to Atlanta, they marched to the sea, and when near Savannah had a part in some recon noissances and skirmishes. Early in January, they went, by steamer, to Beaufort, South Carolina, and thence to Poootaligo, having a skirmish at the crossing of the Salkahatchie, in which they lost a few men. Most of this fighting was done where the water was up to their waists, and when the weather was quite cold. At Cheran the Sixty-fourth captured a beautiful English Rodman gun in the street, with the horses attached, on which was inscribed, " Presented to the State of South Carolina by friends residing abroad, in commemoration of the Act of December 20, 1860." At Bentonville, ou the 20th of March, they attacked the enemy, capturing Gen. Johnston's headquarters, with twelve prisoners and thirty-five horses. Their losses in this engagement were thirteen in killed and wounded. They then camped at Goldsboro until March 10th, when they marched to Raleigh, and subsequently to Washington, where they lay until June 6th, at which time they were sent to Louisville, Kentucky, for muster-out. They were finally paid off and disbanded at Chicago, July 18, 1866.

In the Spring and early Summer of 1864, quite a number of men from the county volun¬ teered for the one hundred days' service, but no organizations were effected in the county. Most of these men were sent to guard various points in Kentucky and Missouri, and in some instances their terms of service were prolonged to four or five months.

During the latter part of the Summer, the One Hundred and Forty-sixth Regiment was raised, the men enlisting for one year, for service within the State. Lieut. William Reid, of Waukegan, who had recently returned from three years' service with the Fifteenth Regiment, was authorized to recruit a company, and raised something over fifty men from this county alone, and filled up with recruits from other counties. This company was assigned as Company D, and mustered into the service September 3, 1864. Upon the organization of the regiment, Lieut. Reid was made Lieutenant Colonel and Julius L. Loveday became Captain of Company D. The command was scattered in detachments throughout the State, Company D being at Quincy most of the time. During the latter part of its service, it was stationed nt Camp Butler, where it was mustered out of the service on the 6th of July, I860. So fir as we can learn, no deaths occurred among the Lake County men during their entire period of enlistment.

The next company organised in the county was recruited by Capt. J. S. Pratt, of Wauconda, who had previously served three years in the Fifteenth Regiment. About fifty of his men were from Lake County, and upon their organization they were assigned as Company I, One Hundred and Forty-seventh Regiment, being mustered into the servioe for one year at Camp Fry, Chicago, February 18, 1865. Three days later, they moved, via Louisville, to Nashville, and thence via Chattanooga to Dalton, Georgia, from which point they made numerous reconnoissances in various directions, having several skirmishes with rebel cavalry and bushwhackers.

On the 2d of May, they moved to Resaca, where, ten days later, the rebel General Wofford surrendered his forces. June 26th, they marched to Calhoun, where they remained a month. From Calhoun they were sent, via Maoon, to Albany, Georgia, arriving there July 81st, and remaining three months. Their next move was to Hawkinsville, from where they went to Savannah, remaining until their final muster out, January 20, 1866, when they were returned to Springfield, Illinois, and disbanded.

During the Winter of 1864-5, two other companies were largely recruited in the county by Capts. Turner and Judd, and on the 27th of February, 1865, were mustered as Companies F and H of the One Hundred and Fifty-third Regiment, at Camp Fry, Chicago.

On the 4th of March, they left the State, proceeding by rail to Tullahome, Tennessee, where they were encamped until July 1, when they moved to Memphis, being mustered out September 15, and sent to Springfield, 111., receiving their final discharge September 24, 1865.

Capt. E. B. Messer, of Libertyville, who hod served three years with the Thirty-seventh Regiment, helped to organize the One Hundred and Fifty-sixth Regiment, the last organization formed in the State, and was elected its Lieutenant Colonel. The regiment had in it no organ¬ ized company from Lake County.

During the Autumn of 1864, the war was being pushed vigorously, and large bodies of men were enlisted under the stimulus of big bounties. But the quota of the oounty had not been frirnished, and, on the 29th of September, the Provost Marshal of the District ordered a draft at his office in Marengo, 880 men being taken from this county. The enrollment was quite imper¬ fect, however, and some of the men drawn were already in the service, a few were physically unfit for duty, and still others were dead or had removed from the State, so that two supple¬ mental drafts were found necessary, that of November 8d being ninety-six men and that of No¬ vember 17th twenty-four. These men were scattered through various Illinois regiments, and took part in the closing campaign in the East or were hurried forward to assist in driving back the rebel forces then making a desperate effort under Gen. Hood to capture Nashville. As a rule, the drafted men from Lake County accepted the situation gracefully, i*nd made excellent soldiers. Just before the close of the war, still another draft was ordered, and preparations had been com¬ pleted for it and a few names drawn, when the surrender of Lee's army and the collapse of the Confederacy were announced.

Next to the regiments sketched, perhaps the Twelfth and Thirteenth Cavalry received the greatest number of three years' volunteers, but they were scattered through the various com¬ panies and were enlisted at different times, so that it is next to impossible to give a connected account of the part they bore.

A few men from the county entered the naval service, most of them being attached to gun¬ boats on the Mississippi, the Tennessee and the Cumberland Rivers.

During the four years from April, 1861, to April, 1865, Lake County furnished about two thousand men for the various branches of the service, of whom more than sixteen hundred were volunteers, and this with a population of less than nineteen thousand. Indeed, it is probable that her volunteers were considerably in excess of the number stated, as, owing to her near proximity to Chicago, many men drifted there to enlist and were credited to Cook County, especially at the time when the draft was impending and large bounties were being offered. Her soldiers were widely scattered in the various departments, and bore a part in nearly every skirmish and battle in the West, and in many of the campaigns and engagements at the East. At Fort Donelson, where tho first substantial success of the war was achieved ; at Pea Ridge, where it was sheer pluck that won ; at Pittsburg Landing, where a victory was snatched from the jaws of defeat ; in the campaigns, the battles and the siege that gave us Vicksburg; in the march, march, march, through successive days and nights, to Prairie Grove; helping to "save the left" at Stone River; standing like a wall of fire between the rebels And their coveted prize at Chickamauga; fighting above the clouds at Lookout Mountain; helping to win "the privates' victory" at Mission Ridge; enduring hardships in that midwinter campaign in East Tennessee, without a parallel since Valley Forge; in the campaign to Atlanta, where the engage¬ ments succeeded each other so rapidly that they seemed like a continuous battle of an hundred days ; guarding the outposts of Texas, or the forts along the Southern waters ; pressing through the seemingly unimpenetrable abbattis to the defenses of Mobile ; aiding to check Hood's forces at Franklin, and to crush them at Nashville ; matching from Atlanta to the sea ; fighting amid the swamps and forests of the Carolinas ; galloping over the plains and through the groves be¬ yond the Mississippi ; bearing up under hardships and adversities at the East, and waiting through long years for the oft-deferred victory that came only when the heart of any other than an American soldier would have grown sick and given up the contest ; starving in the foul prisons of a. foe whom desperation had made inhuman ; in at the death when Lee's army had been pushed to Appomattox and Johnston's into North Carolina ; witnessing the final surrender of the rebels east and west - every where where daring and endurance were demanded, there were the representatives of our county, always responding with alacrity to the call of duty, no matter how arduous the servioe or how dangerous the undertaking, until the Union was restored and the cause for which they fought so long and well had fully triumphed. But there were sad¬ dened homes, for more than four hundred of the noble men who went forth to the field were counted with the " unreturning braves." The saorifioe was a costly one, and only justified by so worthy a cause as restoring and redeeming from the ourse of slavery the Union of the States.

Twelfth Infantry Fifteenth Infantry

Colonel Geo. 0. Rogers, enlisted as First Lieutenant Com¬ pany I, April 25, 1861 ; was promoted to Captain Sept. 4, 1861, and to Lieut Colonel, April 2, 1862 ; was as¬ signed as Colonel of Veteran Battalion Fourteenth and Fifteenth Infantry.

Captain John S. Pratt, e. as Second Lieut April 25, 1861. Promoted to Tint Lieut Sept 4* 1861 ; to C&pt April 7, 1862. Mustered out at Consd.

Tint Lieutenant Wm. M. Raid, a. as Tint Sergt May 24, 1861. Promoted to Second Lieut Sept 4, 1861. Pro¬ moted to Tint Lieut April 7, 1862. Mustered out at oonsdn.

Second Lieutenant Thomas Hewitt, a. as private. Pro¬ moted to Sergt MaJ. May 24, 1861. Promoted to Sec¬ ond Lieut April 7, 1862. Mustered out at Consdu.

Thirty-Seventh Infantry

Colonel Judson J. Huntley, enlisted August 1,1861, as First Lieutenant Company C; promoted to Captain November 20, 1862; promoted to Major, October 4, 1865; promoted to Lieutenant Colouol. October 18, 1865; promoted to Colonel, May 15, 1866; mustered out 31 ny 16, 18G6.

Lieutenant Colonel Eugene B. Pnyne, enlisted Angnst 1, 1861, as (Aipt*in Company C ; promoted to Major No¬ vember 20, 1862, and to Lieutenant Colonel, October 19, 1863; resigned September 9, 1864.

Quartermaster M. Oscar Sowlcs, enlisted as Sergeant, Com¬ pany C, August 1. 1861; re-onlisted us Veteran Feb¬ ruary 10, 1864 ; promoted to Commissary Sergeant February 20, 1864; promoted to llegimentiil Quarter¬ master January 13, 18G6; mustered out May 15, 1866.

Quartermaster kdwin B. Messer, eulbtod as Prir.te, Au¬ gust 19, 1861 ; promoted to Quartermaster Sergeaut August 19, 1861 ; to Regimental Quartet muster Janu¬ ary 4, 1864; resigned October 15, 1864.

First Assistant Surgeon John Murphy, enlisted ns Private, promoted to H««pital Steward August 19,1861; to Sec¬ ond Assistant Surgeon August 0, 1862 ; First Assist¬

Commissary Sergeant Austin Cruver, enlisted August 1, 1861, ns Sergeant, promoted to Commissary Sergeaut; re-eulistod February 20, 1864; mustered out. May 15, 1806. 7

Seoond Lieutenant Arthur Whitney, e. as First Sergeant, Aug. 1, 1861; promoted to Seoond Lieutsnaut Nov. 20, 1862. Died of wounds March 13, 1803.

Sergeant Geo. Hosley, e. Aug. 1. 1861 ; re-e. as veteran. Seoond Lieutenant Lyman Scoville, e. Oct 2, 1861 ; re-e. us veteran; promoted to Second Lieutenant, May 16. 1860. Mustered out May 15, 1866.

Non-Commissioned Staff

Hospital Steward Carl Laux, enlisted as private February 1, 1862; re-enlisted a* veteran, February 6, 1864; pro¬ mote Hospital Steward and appointed Hospital Stew¬ ard U. S. A.

Principal Musician Hiram Wetherly, enlisted August 9, 1862; discharged February 6, 1865, disabled. Principal Musician C. 0. Biddlecorn, enlisted August 15, 1862; mustered out June 10,1866.

First Lieutenant Ambrose A. Bangs, e. Aug. 9, 1862, as Corp. Promotod to First Sergt and to First Lieut. June 25, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865.

Pint Lieutenant Wm. M. Laughlln, a. Sept 6, 1882, aa Second LI eat. Promoted to Flint Lieut Feb. 6, 1863, and aubeeqnently to Capt First U. S, Engineers.

Rfc Ru Its

First Lieut J. H. Link later, e. as Sergt July 21. 1862. Promoted to First Sergt. and to First Lient. May 27, 1866. Mustered out June 10, 1865.

Captain David James, e. Sept 6, 186% as First Lieut Promoted to Gapt Dec. 30, 1862. Mortally wounded at Kenesaw Mountain June 20, 1864, and died July 21 1864

First Lieutenant James O'Havens, e. July 24, 1862, as Sergt Promoted to 8econd Lieut May 19, 1863: to First Lieut July 21, 1864. Mustered out as Second Lieut June 10, 1866.

Second Lieutenant John W. Swaubrough, e. Aug. 9, 1802. Mustered out June 10, 1866, as First Sergt and commissioned Second Lieut, but not mastered.

One Hundred And Fortysixth Infantry

Lieutenant Onion el Wm. H. Held, e. Sept 17. 1864, a* Captain of Company D. Promoted to Lieutenant Ououel Sept 90, 1864. Mastered out July 8, 1866.

One Hundred And Fortyseventh Infantry

QuorteraiMter John Collins, e. Feb. 19, 18G5, as Second Llont. of Co. H., promoted to Quarter-master Oct 4, 1865. Absent without leave at muster out of regt

Lodges And Associations

Antioch Lodge , No. 127. - Officers: John Minto, W. M. ; John Y. Smith, S. W. ; Alex. Trotter, J. W. ; Richard Tantall, Treas. ; James Jamieson, Sec. ; Benj. F. Yule, S. D. ; Henry P. Miller, J. D. ; AppolasP. Ames, Sen. Steward; Wm. E. Thayer, Jun. Steward; Samuel Leith, Tyler. The num¬ ber of members at present is 44 ; the number of the Lodge is 127.

Old Settlers' Organization

The Old Settlers' organization is in b very flourishing condition. Any one can become a member if he has resided in the county or country twenty-five years, and the annual gatherings are largely attended, and the Old Settlers have a grand holiday once a year. The following are the officers and members of the organization :