Allen County, Indiana - Sketch of Gen. John Tipton, 1880 (part 4 of 6)

He was a man of very strong character, never afraid to express hip opin¬ ions. and always having opinions upon the subjects of his day. He was one " who knew the right, and, knowing, dared maintain." Although self-edu¬ cated, he was a good scholar, a model orator, and a superior theologian. Withal, he was a thorough Christian gentleman. In every position in life, as clergyman, lawyer, congressman and citizen, he was just, fearless and ener¬ getic in the performance of his duties, public and private, and justly earned the respect of all even of those who were his political opponents. He illus¬ trated the maxim that " an honest man is the noblest work of God," and those who survive him may well take lessons from the life and character of Samuel Brenton.

George T. Bruebach M.D. By Col. R. S. Robertson

Dr. George T. Bruebach was born at Grossalmerode, Germany, in the year 1830. He received what is there termed a preliminary education, but here would be considered quite an extended course, in the Gymnasium, at Cassel, #city of considerable importance, and then the capital of the Electorate of Hesse, now a part of the Prussian Empire. He remained there, engaged in preparatory study, from 1840 to 1849. After passing the examination of maturity, i. e., the examination required for admission to study either theology, medicine or jurisprudence, he entered the University of Marburg in 1849, and commenced the study of medicine and natural science, and passed the examination in natur.J science in 1851. He then left Marburg and entered the University of Wurzburg, in Bavaria, where he continued the study of medicine. At that time, the University numbered among its professors such medical celebrities as Virchow, Scauzoni, Kolliker, Marcus and Texter.

Here he remained until 1853, when he returned to Marburg for further study and final examination, and, on the 23d of December, 1854, graduated there as Doctor Medicine, Chirurgae and Artis Ob~tetrici<e. For a number of years following his admission to the ranks of the medical profession, he was one of the assistant physicians at " Laudkraukenhaus zu Cassel " until 1858, when he was induced, by the representations of friends and especially of a sister residing in America, to emigrate. He located at Fort Wayne soon after his arrival, and devoted himself to the active practice of his profession. He soon acquired a place in the front rank of our physioiRns, and, for twentyone years, has enjoyed a large and lucrative practice, not only among those of his own nationality, but among all classes who recognize merit and : odical skill. He is a hard student, faithful in his attendance upon his patients, and deservedly popular in a large oircle of acquaintances and friends.

again, at the same place, the next evening (Saturday), also on Sunday, the 10th, morning and evening. All these meetings were attended by a very large audi¬ tory, who, from the attention given the speaker, were at least in partial accord with him. A series of meetings were held during the week following, developing the presence of numerous believers in that liberal faith in the city. As the out¬ growth of these meetings, or the earlier expression of similar evidences of belief hy citizens, a discussion of the leading features of Universalism was held between days. This'occurred during the week between the 11th and 1 8th of September, 1843, the result of which, while it was no doubt satisfactory to the friends of both disputants, was the more general dissemination of the peculiar doctrines of each among the people. After that time, Mr. Manford preached here frequently.

Afterward, from January, 1844, Rev. B. F. Foster, then Pastor of the Church at Terre Haute, preached here with some degree of regularity during most. of the year following. About the same time, Rev. J. M. Bay, a citizen of Fort Wayne, did some missionary work in the interest of the denomination. At a later date, in 1848-49, Rev. W. J. Chaplin labored here and subsequently; but, so far we now know, an organization was not effected. Since that time, several other ministers have sojourned here temporarily, their labors being attended with greater or less success. The work of permanent organization was not accomplished until the advent of Rev. M. Crosley, who thus relates its history.

" The Universalist Church of Fort Wayne was organized on the 24th of October, 1875, with twenty-two members. Rev. M. Crosley visited Fort Wayne and preached in the hall over the First National Bank, on the 2Dth of August, before, as the State Superintendent of Churches in Indiana. The prospect seemed to be good to affect an organization of the kind. The efforts were con¬ tinued, the Hebrew brethren tendering the use of their old synagogue for the time being, free of charge. The offer was accepted, and meetings were held right along. Mr. Crosley 's services were secured regularly for September and October, during which time efforts were made to organize a Church and make arrange¬ ments for one year. The organization was, in due form, effected, and Rev. Mr. Crosley secured as Pastor of the young society.

The constitution adopted for the government of the Church provided for nine Trustees, which were selected as follows : R. C. Bell, S. B. Sweet, A. Hattersly, F. H. Sleeper, R. F. Keith, B. D. Miner, E. A. Horton, Rudolph Werch and Adam Link. R. C. Bell was made President; F. H. Sleeper, Secretary, and S. B. Sweet, Treasurer.

" Mr. Bell has served as President ever since, and S. B. Sweet is still Treas¬ urer. W. H. Hacket is the present Secretary, and has served three years. Rev.

M. Crosley is still Pastor, and has just entered upon the fifth year of his pastor¬ ate with encouraging prospects. The membership of the Church at the present time is sixty-five. The congregation averages about one hundred. A prosperous Sunday school is run in connection with the Church."

Since the above was prepared, Mr. Crosley has severed his connection with the society here, an account of which is given in the following item from the Fort Wayne Gazette of December 24, 1879 : " Rev. Mr. Crosley, for the past five years Pastor of the Universalist Church in this city, has severed his connec¬ tion with the Church, and will leave the city, on Friday, for his new home in Utica,

N. Y. No citizen of the city has ever been more universally loved and respected, and, wherever he goes, he will carry the kindest memories of a multitude of our citizens with him. His resignation was accepted by the Board of Trustees on last evening. Rev. W. C. Brooks, State Missionary, will fill the pulpit next Sabbath."

was organized, in 1848, by A. Oppenlieimer, Sigismund Redelspeimer, J. Lauferty, F. Nirdlinger and others, the congregation, for several years after, meeting at the house of Mr. Nirdlinger. The membership increasing, in 1857, so as to be beyond the capacity of their former place of meeting, a building on Harrison street was purchased and subsequently dedicated to the purposes of a synagogue. The first Rabbi was Rev. Solomon, who officiated until 1859, when, leaving here, he located in La Fayette. His successor was Rev. Rosenthal, who remained here only about two years, at the end of which time, Rev. E. Rubin was called to fill the vacancy, continuing at present to occupy the place.

In 1874, the congregation erected a magnificent temple, one of the finest in the West, the old synagogue being too small, making a larger one necessary.

The present officers are : Marx Frank, President ; Julius Nathan, Vice President; M. Larnley, Secretary; Joseph Lindman, Treasurer; Trustees, A. Oppenheimer, A. Wolf and Dr. J. M. Rosenthal.

Emcek Beratlia. - This Lodge was organized April 23, 1865. The Mutual Endowment was established three years later, and has now a membership of eighty persons. It has paid benefits to the amount of 83,040 ; to widows, $866 ; Orphan Asylum, $926 ; indigent brethren, $608, making a total of $5,440, inde¬ pendent of the Lodge's yearly donations to the Orphan's Asylum of $150. Seven children have been sent from this place to the Orphan Asylum in Cleveland.

The Order of B'nai Brith. - Founded November 1, 1843. The founders were Dr. Merzbathee, Henry Jones, Joseph Oths, William Renan. The first was the New York Lodge.

There are 310 Lodges in the Order, divided into seven districts - First, New York; Second, Cincinnati ; Third, Philadelphia; Fourth, San Francisco ; Fifth, Baltimore ; Sixth, Chicago ; Seventh, Memphis. The fund of the Order is $600,000 ; membership, 30,000 ; benefits paid, $250,000.

The Emeek Beratlia Lodge meets every first and third Sunday in each moniji. The present officers are : Marx Frank, President ; Henry Brooks, Vice PreSdent; Charley Nathan, Monitor; A. Gluckman, Assistant Monitor; Rev. E. Rubin, Secretary; M. E. Strass, Treasurer.

Plymouth Congregational

Plymouth Congregational Church was organized September 20, 1870. The following are the names of the original members : George W. Durgin, Jr., Phebe Stephens Durgin, Ophelia B. Lawrence, John Gilbert, Mrs. Harriet Lona Gilbert, Wilson Shannon Buck, Mrs. Elsie Margaret Buck, Benjamin H. Kimball, Mrs. Sarah II. Kimball, Laura A. Kimball, Mary E. Kimball, William P. Kimball, Samuel W. Kimball, Mrs. Ann Kimball, Jenny Kimball, Barnum W. Chapman, Mrs. Sarah Chapman, Mrs. Maria Poole, Mrs. Kate Percy Smith, Effingham T. Williams, Orrin D. Hurd, Allen Hurd, C. C. Churchill,' Mrs. Ella D. Churchill, Mrs. Hannah C. Douglass. The names of the Pastors are as follows: Rev. John B. Fairbanks, who served five years; Rev. Anselm B. Brown, who served about one year, and Rev. Joel M. Seymour, preseut Pastor.

The church edifice was erected in 1871-72, and dedicated in September, 1872. It is a frame building, situated on the corner of Washington and Fulton streets. Its dimensions are 35x60 feet, with a seating capacity of 400. The vestry and audience-room are on the same floor, and can be thrown together when occasion requires, thus making this church a very convenient and pleasant place of worship. The cost of the edifice was $5,500. It was designed as a chapel, to be enlarged when the growth of the Church shall require it.

The present membership of the Church is eighty-one. The membership, though small, is vigorous and active. The Church is practically out of debt, and its prospect for growth and usefulness is promising.

Early History Of Lindenwood Cemetery

The necessity of a cemetery for the burial of the dead of the city and vicin¬ ity of Fort Wayne, which had been the subject of some solicitude for several years, reached a point at last that fully awakened the citizens to the fact that the only public burial ground of the city, which but a few years previous had been located beyond the limits of the city, was rapidly tilling up, and, instead of being a quie,t and retired place and a suitable repose for the remains of the dead, was soon destined to be in the midst of the bustle and confusion of business and amusement, and that, too, without an opportunity of extending the grounds to meet the necessities of the future.

The public also became awakened to the alarming fact that, in the' original purchase and sale of the grounds for burial purposes, no provision bad been made by fixing the price of lots at such rates as would secure a sinking fund, by set¬ ting apart a portion of the sales to keep up the grounds after the lots were all sold, or, indeed, auy other provision that would secure it from further desecra¬ tion. It was also seen that the seeds of neglect were already sown and the har¬ vest ripening - decay and destruction had commenced, which began to grieve the hearts of those whose relatives and friends were deposited there. The graves were already being trampled upon by man and beast, monuments and other evi¬ dences of departed manhood erected by sorrowing friends, it was evident, were in danger of being defaced, and with it their memories perish and be soon for¬ gotten.

The experience of the past was a sufficient warning to the future that some place should be selected at a suitable distance from the city, that would prevent the danger of its being disturbed by encroachments 'from its too near proximity to the prospective growth of the city in any contingency, and, at the same time, of such easy access as to be within the reach of all. Numerous public meetings were held by the citizens, and various places suggested. Their location, with reference to the roads, crossing of rivers, canals and railroads, the ease of access on the one hand and the impediments on the other, the adaptation of the grounds for the purpose of interment, the quality of soil, and all other matters supposed to have a bearing upon the subject, were from time to time discussed, uutil the most zealous became wearied and discouraged with the prospect of selecting a place that would give general satisfaction.

In this condition matters remained for several months ; but the necessity of the case was pressing itself upon the minds of reflecting persons with such earnestness that the different locations, with all the arguments in favor and all the objections urged against them, were canvassed with much freedom and with a determined will that a location must be made, having as few objections and as many advantages as possible. Fortunately for the public, the minds of several of our citizens soon drifted in the same direction, who secured, at the earliest possible moment, the grounds now occupied for the purpose, which are so univer¬ sally admired by the many thousand persons that visit them, amid the wonder and amazement of everybody how it was that grounds adapted in such a wonder¬ ful degree to agricultural purposes should have remained in a state of nature, on the very borders of the city, so long a time, as if by Divine appointment, to be consecrated as the " city of the dead." Its beautifully diversified surface, with undulating hills, ravines and valleys, fixing as it were the very bounds of every section, in such an admirable manner as to leave the scientific gardener almost at fault to suggest improvement in the execution of his skill. The soil is mostly dry and peculiarly adapted to burial purposes, either for vaults, chapels or siugle interments.

On the 5th day of July, 1859, Jesse L. Williams, Hugh McCulloch, Charles D. Bond, David F. Comparet, Royal W. Taylor, Allen Hamilton, Alexander M. Orbison, John E. Hill, Pliny Iloagland, Alfred D. Brandriff, Ochmig Bird and Isaac D. G. Nelson purchased the property set forth in the Articles of Association, for the sum of $7,627.50, the title for which was to be taken in the name of Jesse L. Williams, for the use of the company, which was duly deeded to the President of Lindenwood Cemetery by the said Jesse L. Williams, on the 14th day of May, 1860.

The land, when purchased, was in an exceedingly wild condition, nearly the whole ground being covered with a thick growth of underbrush, and what is now the approach or entrance was an impassable marsh. About sixty-five acres oft of the south end of the ground was put under fence, to be occupied for burial and ornamental purposes. ' All within the inclosure adapted for burial purposes was surveyed into nineteen sections, designated by letters, from A to S, inclusive. Sec'.ions B, P and H were laid off into burial lots.

In accordance with the Articles of Association, the Trustees met at their office in Fort Wayne, on the 14th day of May, I860, for the purpose of electing the first officers' under the organization, which resulted in the election of Isaac D. G. Nelson ns President, and Charles D. Bond as Secretary and Treasurer, which offi¬ cers have been continued to the present time. The only change in the Boarcl of Trustees since the organization was the election of Oliver P. Morgan, on the 8th day of August, lSGIf in the place of David F. Comparct, who sold his interest to said Morgan and resigned as Trustee. .

The whole expense incurred for improvement, at the time of the election, including clearing, fencing, engineering, etc., amounted to 81,841.52, wMh, added to the first payment on'the land purchase, made a total of 83,748.39, which had been advanced by the stockholders. On the 30th day of May, 1860, the grounds were duly set apart for sepulchral purposes, with solemn and imposing ceremonies. .

In this connection, and as being identified with the early history of this enterprise, it is proper to sav that John W. Boswell has been Superintendent and Landscape Gardener from the commencement, and to him the cemetery is much indebted for the handsome improvements made upon the grounds. 1 he Company is also very greatly indebted to John Chislet, Esq., Superintendent and Landscape Gardener of Alleghany Cemetery, for his skill aud excellent taste in laying off the grounds originally, and for his many practical suggestions in its management. To the Horn Joseph K. Edgerton, the stockholders are under many obligations for the carefully drawn and well-digested Articles of Association, which challenge the approval of every lot-holder, and also for valuable legal advisory information in the original organization.

Laying Off the Sections. - It has been the rule thus far to lay off alternate sections to be occupied for burial purposes, leaving the intermediate sections with most of the timber upon them. This adds somewhat to the expense of keeping up the grounds, but, at the same time, so scatters the improvements as to add interest to the diversified scenery in riding and driving along the avenues, and, at the same time, give future generations the benefit of lots equal, if not superior, to ! those now sold. These seetious laid off for burial purposes were subdivided into lots of different shapes, corresponding with the form and make of the ground, varying in size from 300 square feet to as many thousand, to suit the wants and abilities , of different-sized families. Single interments and smaller-sized lots are also furn¬ ished for the use of strangers and others not requiring full-sized lots. Ample provisions has also been made for the burial of the poor and friendless " without money and without price."

Adaptability and Fitness of the Grounds for the Purpose. - The selection of grounds for this use away from the busy throng, amid the grove and the forest, is so in keeping with the feelings of our nature to seek seclusion under affliction, that we arc involuntarily reminded of the Patriarch Abraham, who, at the death of Sarah, said to the children of Heth, " I am a stranger and sojouruer with you ; give me possession of a burial place with you, that I may bury my dead out of my sight. And Abraham came to her tent to mourn and weep for her ; and for four hundred shekels of silver he purchased the field of Ephron and the trees that were thereon, and the cave of Machpelah, which was at the end of the field, for a burying place." Jacob also said to his children, " Bury me not in Egypt, but with my fathers in the cave of Machpelah, that is in the field Ephron. There they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife ; there they buried Isaac and Rebecca his wife, and there I buried Leah."

The Egyptians and Persians bury their dead also in large fields and plains surrounded by trees, and the ancient Germans buried their dead in groves conse¬ crated by their priests. And even the Turks adorn their cemeteries with beauti¬ ful avenues, studded with cypress to shade their walks. So in all ages and in all countries, to a greater or less extent, burial locations, decorated with trees, shrubs, plants and flowers, have been made the resting-place of the dead. But it is only within a few years that the public mind has been directed to the location and con¬ struction of cemeteries in this country, upon a scale appropriate to the fitness of man's destiny and redemption.

The burial ground should not only the the cemetery for the dead, but also a seminary of learning for the living, when appropriately laid out in suitable lots with walks and carriage roads leading to bold scenery when it can be obtained, and to each delfor more humble shady nook. When such grounds are hand¬ somely embellished and developed by the slight touches of the hand of art and planted with trees, shrubs, vines, etc., many, perhaps, for the first time, will be moved with higher emotions and loftier conceptions of the Author of their being.

But not so with visits made to the deserted and neglected graveyard as we hasten away after depositing the remains of some relation or friend, as if anxious to forget the spot and the sad scene, never to return, except to experience similar sensations, heightened by the contemplation that our own bodies must soon be treated with the same indifference and neglect.

Let us, then, make our own "Lindenwood" pleasant and attractive, where we may often go, with a pleasure not easily described, to contemplate the scenes of future bliss that await those sleeping around us. Here, under the shades of these stately monarchs of the forest, we can look out upon nature's wildwood, the grassy- lawn dotted here and there with groups of evergreens, interspersed with roses and flowers, to soften the heart and charm the soul - a secluded, cultivated scene, awaking no thought of pretension and display - but rather of simplicity, quiet security, affectionate remembrance, cheerful hope.

A Glance at the Future. - Notwithstanding the amount of improvements already made, tin- good work has scarcely begun. The graveling of the avenues and walks is a tedious and expensive job, hut will be prosecuted where most needed, as fast as is practicable. Considerable filling up has to be done, timber removed off of some of the sections, etc. It is also the purpose of the Association to excavate two lakes, which can be done without heavy expense, and, when com¬ pleted. will add immensely to the beauty of the scenery which nature has so lav¬ ishly bestowed upon these grounds. They will be supplied with natural fountains of pure water, that will be seen flowing out at all seasons of the year.

A receiving vault is considered necessary to a well-regulated cemetery, but it is not indispensable. When the Company is in condition to construct it, they have a beautiful spot for the purpose ; but it is somewhat expensive, and must be delayed for the present. Another improvement much needed is a suitable entrance gate to the ground, which should be a massive stone structure, flanked on one side with a neat lodge and bell-tower for the Superintendent, and on the other, offices for the use and convenience of the Company. The completion of all these, and others not enumerated, in addition to the regular business of the cemetery, will cost a large sum of money. It cannot be doue at once, yet we have the assurance that it will be done, and most of it at no very distant day. The enterprise is no longer an experiment. It has been successful beyond the expectation of its most sanguine friends ; and, although the present liability of the Company amounts to about S8,000, all of which has to be paid within three years, besides refunding the stockholders, if they require it, still those who witnessed the dark hours of its early history and combated an opposition more of indifference than open objec¬ tion, the alarms of war that suddenly broke upon the country, a heavy debt and rapidly accumulating expenses, all conspiring to shake the confidence of the Com¬ pany and produce discouragement, certainly will see no cause for discouragement now. As they never faltered then, but, with a fixed determination, pressed on the work and met every assessment for funds that was made upon them with a promptness and a determination of purpose that so generally accomplishes suc¬ cess, so they will see now that the good work goes on.

In brief, it is the purpose of those having this enterprise in charge, to use all the means, after payment of expenses, in beautifying these grounds that are to be made the last resting-place of us all, trusting that those who follow them will emulate the example, and will go on increasing the interest from generation to generation, until the humble spot, now so dear to some of us because of the incidents and events of early associations, begun as it was in the midst of a forest under gloomy and discouraging auspices, will become, one day, one of the most attractive places of rural interest in Northern Indiana. No change in its objects or purposes can ever be made ; but it will ever remain as it was consecrated, with¬ out " let or hindrance," " the city of the dead."

Here in these groves, which were God's first temples, the dead are to be buried out of sight," in the virgin soil that was never cultivated by man. It will be the "beautiful city," peopled with its thousands of voiceless tenants, and visited by its tens of thousands of living beings to witness the storied urn, the " animated bust," the noble obelisk, the mausoleum, the richly sculptured tomb, and the more plain and humble slab, telling the brief story of a thousand lives. Here, also, will Flora gem the ground with her jewels, and perfume the air with her incense. Here the cedar, the fir, the spruce, the box, the pine and the arbor vit£e,'with other evergreens from many climes, emblems of immortality, and his¬ torical trees, will mingle their shadows together. Here the cypress and the laurel will interlace their branches. Here, too^ the mighty oaks with their giant out¬ stretched arms that have bid defiance to the frosts and tempests of a thousand winters, will still remain for generations as monuments of passing ages. Here, too, will be preserved and cultivated, with a view to the expanding of their wildest beauties, all the other varieties of trees and shrubs, to add to the many other charms that will ever grace these grounds. " May they never be marred by mis¬ taken taste or desecrated by rude hands ; but, beneath the verdant and flowering sod, beneath the waving foliage, amid tranquil shades where Nature weeps in all her dews, and sighs in every breeze, and chants a requiem by each warbling bird, the dying generations of this growing city and surrounding country, will hence¬ forth be sepulehered."

Articles of Association. - In pursuance of the act of the General Assembly of the State of Indiana, entitled " An Act concerning the Organization of Vol¬ untary Associations and repealing former laws in reference thereto, approved February 12, 1S55," the undersigned do hereby associate themselves together as a corporation, for the objects hereinafter specified :

2. The object of said corporation is to acquire, ornament and dispose of, in suitable lots, land at or near the city of Fort Wayne, in the county of Allen, in the State of Indiana, for a public cemetery for the burial of the dead, to be known as the Lindenwood Cemetery, at Fort Wayne.

3. The following described real estate has been purchased by the subscribers hereto for the purpose of said cemetery, the legal title whereof is now in J(-sse L. Williams, viz. : Situate in the county of Allen, State of Indiana, being that part and portion of Section number four (4), in Township number thirty (30), north of Range number twelve (12) cast, which is included within the following metes and bounds, to wit : Beginning at the southeast corner, of said Section four, thence running west on the south line of said section twenty chains and nine links ; thence north seventy-six chains twenty links, to the north line of said section ; thence east on said north line to the northeast corner of said sec¬ tion nineteen chains ninety-five links ; thence south with the east line of said section seventy-six chains twenty links, to the place of beginning, containing one hundred aod fifty-two acres and fifty-five hundredths of an acre, more or less, being lot number one (1), in the subdivision of said section, made by William Rockhill, Samuel Edsall and John M. Wilt, Commissioners appointed in the Allen Circuit Court, at the February term thereof, in the year 1853, to make partition of said section, aud to set off to Philip Pollard, in severalty, the onethird part in value of said section, and being the same real estate conveyed to said

Philip Pollard on the fifteenth day of September, 1853, by Joseph K. Bdgerton a Commissioner appointed by said Court, by deed bearing that date, and°which deed is recorded on pages 204, 205 and 206, in minute-book, Chancery number two, in Clerk's office of said county of Allen, the date of said record being Sep¬ tember 15, 1853, which real estate, on the completion of the record of' these Articles, is to be conveyed to said corporation for the purpose thereof.

4. Until the subscribers hereto are severally paid the amount of their advances for the purchase and improvement of said property, or released from their liabilities on account thereof, each subscriber shall be deemed an owner or shareholder in said corporation to the amount set opposite his name, and the shares shall be held and be transferable in such manner as the Board of Trustees shall pres¬ cribe ; and until the Board of Trustees shall otherwise by proper By-Laws provide, each subscriber, in any election of Trustees or Corporators, or otherwise, shall be entitled to one vote for each §25 by him subscribed ; provided, however, that when the said subscribers shall be severally re-imbursed the amount of their advance or liabilities for the purchase or improvement of said property, with the interest, or fully released from all such liabilities, all certificates of ownership of shares or stock in said corporation shall be surrendered and canceled, and the property of said corporation shall thereafter remain and continue a public trust in said corporation for the purpose herein expressed.

5. The subscribers hereto and their successors, corporators of said corpora¬ tion, shall annually hereafter, or oftener if necessary, till by election by ballot, from those who may be lot-holders in the cemetery, all vacancies which may occur among said corporators, and may in like manner increase tha number of corporators, so that the number thereof shall never be less than twelve nor more than twenty!

6. The powers of said corporation shall be vested in a Board of Trustees con¬ sisting of five corporators, subscribers hereto, if living and willing and competent to serve, or their successors, chosen as above, to be elected annually by the corporation.

The first Board of Trustees shall be Isaac D. (4. Nelson, Jesse L. Williams! Hugh McCulloch, Pliny Iloagland and David F. Comparet, who shall hold office for one year, or until their successors are chosen. The Board of Trustees shall elect a President from their own number and a Secretary and Treasurer, and may, from time to time, appoint such other officers or agents as may be required to carry out the purposes of said corporation, and may fill any vacancy in the Board of Trustees in the interim between the annual elections, and may make all such by-laws and rules and regulations for the government of said cor¬ poration and the property thereof, and the care, management and disposal of said cemetery grounds as may be lawful and proper.

7. The first annual meeting of corporators for the election of Trustees shall be held at the Clerk's office of the Allen Circuit Court, in the city of Fort Wayne, on the first Monday of August, A. D. 1860, or sueh other day as the Board of Trustees may provide, and annually thereafter, at such time and place as the Board of Trustees may, from time to time, prescribe, who shall also pre¬ scribe the rules of election.

8. So soon after the organization of this corporation as practicable, the Board of Trustees shall provide for laying off, for burial purposes, so much of the land above described, conveyed to said corporation, as shall be necessary and suit¬ able for such purposes; and if there should be a surplus of said land not required, or not suitable for burial purposes, the same shall be sold at the discretion of said Trustees, and the proceeds thereof, when realized, be applied to the payment of any unpaid purchase-money for said land, and to refund to subscribers hereto, or their assigns, such money as they may have advanced for the purchase of said land, and the improvement of the burial grounds, with the iuterest thereon, and the residue of such proceeds, if any, be applied at the discretion and under the direc¬ tion of said Board of Trustees, to the beautifying, protecting and improvin'* said cemetery grounds.

First. To the payment ;o the subscribers hereto, or to their assigns, the amount, with interest, they have already advanced, or may hereafter advance, for the purchase of the land above described, or the improvement of the burial grounds, or to the payment of any obligation, or obligations, which the corpora¬ tors may execute for such advances.

Second. To the payment of the purchase-money due on said land, as it shall become due from the subscribers, or to the payment of any obligation or obliga¬ tions which the corporation may execute for the amount due on the purchase of said lands.

Third. To inclosing, ornamenting, improving and preserving the cemetery grounds and defraying necessary expenses, all of which shall be made under the direction and sanction of the Board of Trustees.

10. The corporate seal of said corporation shall be a plain, circular seal, impressed from a metallic plate or die, with the inscription, l; Seal of Lindcnwood | Cemetery."

In additioii to what has already been shown concerning this beautiful city of the ead, there is one other feature of peculiar interest - the number and magnificence of the monuments which mark the last resting-places of some of our bestremembered citizens. Among these is one of especial note, perhaps the finest in Amrr.ca, at least the most grand and elegant that ever crossed the ocean, the shaft, being composed of pure Scotch granite. It was brought from Scotland to tins country, to the city of Fort Wayne, transported the entire distance by water at a cost, of 825,000, and marks the spot where repose the remains of Col. George W Lwmg, in Ins day, probably, the man best known among the business men and people of Allen County.

There are other monuments, however, less pretentious than that of Col Lwing, costing from $2,000 to S10,0U(), in the grounds of this cemetery, mcmem tos of the living consecrated to the loved ones departed - not the exhibitions of munificence, merely, but heart-offerings to the altar of holy associations.

Other Cemeteries

There are other cemeteries connected with religious, social and benevolent institutions, whose histories have a direct connection with the institutions themselves, not being of a public character. Among these arc the Ashduth Vesholom Congregation, Jewish ; the St. John's German Lutheran; and St. Paul's also German Lutheran.

Immediately south of Wayne's fort, what is now Taber's Addition, was the burial place connected with the garrison, but was, also, a general burial place Another place of burial was at the northwest corner of Columbia and Clinton streets and immediately to the westward thereof.

Another was located where the basin of the canal crosses Harrison streetthis, however, was an Indian burial place. Mr. Price, in his History of Fort . :iyne (p. 284), says of this place, " and often had been seen, years ago, swinf- -ing from the bough of a tree, or in a hammock stretched between two^trees, the infant of the Indian mother ; or a few little log inclosures, where the bodies of adults sat upright, with all their former apparel wrapped about them, and their tunkets, tomahawks, etc., by their side, could be seen at any time for many years by the few pale-faces visiting or sojourning here."

Another burial-place, used by the French and [ndians, was located immedi¬ ately east of the Methodist College and south of Wayne street, llockhill street was run through this ground. [Brice, p. 316-317.]

Messrs. Barr & Mcgtae, proprietors of Fort Wayne, in making their appropriation of lands for public purposes, set apart a tract four rods square as a free place of burial, and for church purposes. [Brice, p. 294.] This tract was located west of the present site of the Jail, and immediately north of Water street. " In subsequent years, Judge Hanna having purchased all the Barr & McCorkle claims here, and the lots donated, as in the foregoing, being laid off by Mr. Hanna as a part of the place for general building purposes, the°dead of the graveyard were, in 1837, removed at public expense or by loved friends, to the general cemetery west of Fort Wayne," on Broadway. [Brice, p. 294.]

Alexander Ewing and wife, two of the very early settlers pf Fort Wayne, were first buried on the north side of Water street, about where Ewing street crosses, his residence being located immediately west, on what is now^ Lot No. 1, of Ewing s Addition, west of Ewing street. They were subsequently removed, how¬ ever, to the Ewing family vault, in the cemetery on Broadway.

Early Masonic History Op Fort Wayne

I propose, in the part of the issue of this week dated 20th December, to devote a short space in presenting the history of Lodge No. 25, of Free and Accepted Masons of Indiana, as connected with Fort Wayne history.. From an old record now before me, it is ascertained that, on the 22d of March, 1823, and before the organization of the county of Allen, a dispensation was granted by the Grand Master of Indiana - John Sheets, attested by Secretary William C. Keen, at the office of the Grand Master, at Madison, to Alexander Ewin<*, W. M.; John P. Hedges, S. W., and Benjamin Cushman, J. W., together with all such brethren as might thereafter become members, to be known as Wayne Lodge, located in the town of Fort Wayne, Randolph Co., Ind. This dispensa¬ tion was presented by Worshipful Alexander Ewing to a meeting held in a room in Fort Wavnc in May, 1823, at which appeared, in addition to those named in the dispensation, Master Masons Capt. James Hack ley, Benjamin B. Kerch¬ eval, and as visitors, Master Masons Gen. John Tipton, of Pisgah Lodge, No. 5, of Corydon, Ind.; Anthony L. Davis, of Franklin bodge, No. 28, of Kentucky ; Richard L. Britton, of St. John's Lodge, No. 13, Ohio: John McCorkle, of Lodge No. 14, Ohio, and Robert A. Forsyth. On reading the dispensation, the Lodge was opened in the First Degree, in ancient form, consisting of Alex¬ ander Ewing, W. M.; J. P. Hedges, S. W. and Sec. pro tern.; B. Cushman, J- W.; James Hackley, Treas., and S. D. pro tern., and B. B. Kercheval, S. and T. pro tern. The next meeting was held on the 6th of June following, 1823, at which the Worshipful Master appointed B. B. Kercheval, Treas.; Charles W. Ewing, Sec.; Jas. Hackley, 8. 1).; Robt- Hars, J. D., aud W. Hedges, S. and T.

It was not till the 10th of October, 1823, that a charter was granted, at which time Gen. John Tipton was granted a dispensation by Deputy Grand Master Thomas Douglas, at Madison, to constitute and form Wayne Lodge, No. 25, at Fort Wayne; after which, on the 17th of November, Gen. Tipton, in obedience to his authority, organized a Lodge - Alexander Ewing, Master ; John Tipton, S. W.; B. B. Kercheval, J. W.; Charles W. Ewing, Sec.; A. L. Davis, Treas.; Joseph Hackley and II. B. McKean, Deacons, and James Wyman, S. and T. The first election took place on the 25th of December of that year, at which Gen. John Tipton was elected Master, being the first elected W. M. of the Lodge after its organization. The first application for degrees was unani¬ mously rejected on the 7th of June, 1824. Gen. John Tipton was re-elected in

June 1824 as Master, and again elected to the same station December '6,1 824 and re-elected at each successive term till June 3, 1828, an honorable and efficient mCm Lambert* Cushoois was the first member initiated which took plnee August 16 1824. The first celebration of St. John s Day (24 h of June), was held that day in the year 1825, when Gen. John Tipton del, voted I the oretwn. JS| first public installation of officers took place at the bouse of Hugh II, ,

Fort Wavnc, December 27, 1825. On the 26th of May the first public Masonic f to.A- nUro hv interring the remains of Capt. Hackley, who had committed suicide at this place7 This thing, though much out of the order with regard to a /do de to, was done to gratify the widow of the unfortunate Hackley. On the 24th of June 1827, Alexander Ewing prepared the first Masonic dinner of the place, which the craft partook of after tl.d cemmon.es of that d.st.ngu ashed aim> versarv. As an act of benevolence on the part of the Lodge, we eta to tile fact that, on the 27th of June of that year, it appropriated a hfty-dollar loan to Capt. James Riley, a brother Mason, who was in very great affliction from disease, and who was at Fort Wayne, cn route for the East, to obtain medical treatment. This Capt Riley is the author of Riley's Narrative" of Arabian memory, and the one to whom, in the history of Fort Wayne, we have referred as the purveyor of the lands round about this place, and the proprietor of W.llshire, Ohm (he next death of a member of the Lodge was Alexander Ew.nS, the fe*cr of W. (x. Ewinf- C. W. Ewing and Alexander Ewing, Jr., deceased, and Col. G. W . who survives. This funeral took place according to Masonic forms, on the nth of January, 1827, two days after Mr. Ewing's death. Joseph H°|man was elected W. M. of the Lodge June 2, 1828, being the second elected Master of the Lodge. He was succeeded by Dr. Lewis G. Thompson, now dead, who was elected December 1, 1828; he by Anthony L. Davis, now deceased June 1 1829- he by Hugh Hanna, now of Wabashtown, January 23, 1830, lie by Absalom Holcomb, now deceased, June 7, 1S30 ; lie by Samuel Hanna, June 6,. 1831 ; he by Anthony L. Davis, now deceased, who was re-eleeted December 1 , 1831 he by Henry Rudisill, now deceased, February 20, 1833, and he by Sam¬ uel Edsall. June 10, 1833, at which latter meeting a committee reported- that they had sold the Lodge lot and premises for 81, 328. This Lodge Hall was completed about midsummer of 1830, and was a two-story brick building, which stood on the lot on which now stands Hill & Orbison's warehouse, on the north side of Columbia street, at the canal basin, or lather it stood on the east part ot that lot From the 10th of June, 1S33, after a labor of ten years, the Lodge ceased to work. It was afterward organised and worked for a few years between that and 1840, but no record is left of its proceedings, and all is left to faithless memory. On the 3d of March, 1840, after public notice given, the fraternity ot ort Wavne and vicinity met to consider the propriety of again working as a regular Lodve at which Henry Rudisill presided as W. M.; Samuel Edsall, b. W., H.

B Taylor J W.; C. E. Sturgis, Secretary; F. Compare!, 1. Daniels, b. D.; William Rockhill, J. D., and A. Holcomb, T. It worked awhile, till the auturnu of 1847 when, failing to report its dues to the Grand Lodge, the charter was suspended and the Lodge ceased to work till July 4, 1849, when the charter was restored and it proceeded to work with Henry Rudisill as its Muter, who was succeeded by Dr. Charles E. Sturgis, 27th of December, 1849 ; S. H. Shoaff, 18th of June 1850 ; Sol. D. Bayless, December 17, 1850, who continued in that omce till June 19. 1855, when Joseph Johnson succeeded him. Annual Communica¬ tion of the Grand Lodge of Indiana, May, 1857 , Mr. Bayless was elected as M. W. Grand Master of Indiana. , , ,

It is proper here to say, that about 1855, a new lodge was formed here, and called Summit City Lodge, No. 170, which lias done an admirable work since that time ; and that within the last eight years an extraordinary progress has been made in the work , owing perhaps to the zeal and entire efficiency - ot bol D. Bayless, now Grand Master. Within that time, there have been established here the subordinate Lodge referred to, a Royal Arch Chapter, a Council and an Encampment, by which, all entitled have the facilities for taking the higher decrees in this 'ancient Order. Of the pecuniary conditions of these several organizations, it is not in our place to speak ; but their works of benevolence and charity, and their influence on the habits, generally, of those connected with them, have been redeeming.

We here subjoin the names of the members found upon the records ot Wayne Lodge, No. 25, from Slay, 1823, to December 20, 1857, which are all that have and do belong to the same, except those whose names occur during that period of the lost record. The dates of initiation and admission respectively are given seriatim :

Alexander Ewing, John P. Hedges, Benjamin Cushman, Benjamin B. Ivorcheval, Charles W. Ewing, James Hackley. Robert Here and William Hedges are charter members. John Tipton, joined on diuiit November 1 < , 1823 ; Lambert Cushoois, initiated August 16. 1824 ; John Furron and John McGreggor, initi¬ ated July 4, 1825; H. Todd and A. L. Davis, admitted on dimit July 4; Horace B. Taylor. Robert Scott and F. R. Kintncr, initiated July 7 ; Hugh Hanna, July 9; Joseph Holman, John Winchel and Luther Newton, admitted on dimit ; William Scott, A. McCallister and William N. Hood, initiated August 8; John* B. Bourie, August 25; Robert Wilson, October 8; Chancey Carter, admitted on dimit November 7 ; Cyrus Taber, initiated November 25 ; Richard Chobert, December 27 ; Moses Sharp, admitted on dimit January 1 , 1826 ; Henry Gerrard. initiated February 6 ; Allen Hamilton and James Holman, March 2 ; Samuel Hanna, .Mar oil 20, 1827 ; James Barnett and Abram Barnet, June 4; William Rockhill, August 9 ; Howard Stansberry, Abner Gerrard and L. G. Thompson, September 15; Lsaac Marquis, March 3,1828; Francis Comparet, April 2; A. S. Ballard and David Archer, June 10 ; John Forsyth, June 16 ; Samuel Edsall, October 10 ; D. Pickering, January 5, 1829; J. Avaline, an E. A. joined and was passed September 14 ; James Hudson, September 14; Charles Mortimer, November 19 ; Henry Rudisill, admitted on dimit January 4, 1830 ;

P. Huling, initiated August 2, 1830 ; Willliam Suttenfield, September 7 ; Samml Rccord'of members from this time until July 4, 1849, not to bo found ; but Joseph Johnson and John W. Dawson are known to have been entered, passed and raised in this Lodge about September, 1847.

Samuel II. Shoaff, William Stewart, William W. Stevens - linnets S. Avaline, J. Hull, Alexander McCulloch, A. II. Wells Frederick Ha.milton. C. W. Aylswortb, Peter Kiser, Joseph Johnson, Richard McMullen, John Grimes, IsaacAyres and Charles E. Sturgis were members at the re-orgam-

S M. Black and W. R. Evans, initiated May 7, 1850; William H. Banks, initi¬ ated Mav 21 ; L. Bingham, admitted on dimit May 21 ; Henry Work and H.

J. 0. Banks, admitted on dimit January 25 ; D. W. Maples, W. Childs, L. Falk and C Vonbonhorst, initiated January 25; Justin Whaley, initiated February 22- S Giles, initiated March 1 ; Hugh B. Reed and D. F. Comparet, initiated April 211 M. Ensign, initiated April 29; F. H. Dardtn, initiated July 11; 8- Dodge and Robert Work and James L. Worden initiated July 26 ; J. R. Mitten, initiated August 23; A. D. Reed, initiated August oO ; William S. Smith, admitted on dimit September 13 : Wilson S. Hoagland, initiated September 13 ; Geot-o-e Bullard, initiated October 4 ; Jacob Carey, initiated October 11 ; fear¬ less Day admitted on dimit November 15; Charles Hanna, initiated December 13- Charles T. Fish admitted on dimit December 13 ; Moses Jenkinson, initiated December 20; Joseph C. Leonard, January 8, 1854; P. Francis, Theodore Liehtenhein and George L. Little, initiated January 10 ; George W. Pomroy admitted on dimit February 7 ; Charles B. Morse and Alexander Wiley, initiated FebrnaryU ; Samuel Brindle, admitted on dlimt. February 14 ; C. W. Alexander, Charles D. Bond, Owen Ford, initiated March 14 ; N. M. Grandstaff and Judge Vauchn initiated April 11; John Buries, admitted on dimit; Owen Thomas, initiated June 27 ; E. L. Knight, initiated July 3 ; R. L McCone, initiated Sep¬ tember 4 William Dillon and B. F. Dailey, initiated September 19 ; Charles Kindermao, initiated October 3; J. R. Duncan, initiated October 17; William Blake and Nelson Gump, initiated October 31 ; Hiram ork, initiated December 5 Samuel MeElfatriek and James H. Tanner, initiated December 19 ; L N . Coverdale admitted on dimit December 19 ; J. H. Lefever, initiated January 2, 1855 ;

City Lodge, No. 170, F. <0 A. M.- Date of dispensation May 31, A D 1854 A L 5854. Officers (under dispensation) : Charles Case, W. M., Francis L. Aveline, S. W, and Y. Day, J. W. The first regular meeting was held on Friday evening, June 16, 1854, with the following officers: Charles Case W. M. I L. Aveline, S. W.; Y. Day, J. W.; D. W. Maples, Treasurer ; Charles Band, Secretary; W. L. Smith, S. D.; Richard McMullen, J. D., and James B. Sboaf, Tiler.

Olive Branch Lodge , F. (&, A. il/., No. 2JfS. - This Lodge was organized February 10, 1859, under the auspices of S. D. Bayless as Grand Master of the State. The following were the officers and members at the organization : N. M. Grandstaff, W. M. ; Judge Vaughn, S. W.; William Long, J. W. ; Asa Wood¬ ward, James Clark, L. N. Coverdale, E. D. Coverdale, Joel Vaughn, Jessie Heaton, Dr. James Clark, Ezra Malonee, Henry Eby. N. iVl. Grandstaff was Master from 1859 to 1862 ; Joel Vaughn, from 1862 to 1865; Ezra Malonee, from 1865 to 1868; Jessee Heaton, from 1868 to 1876. Morgan Harrod was Master in 1877. Jessee Heaton was re-elected and is serving as Master at present. Officers of the Lodge at this date are: Jessee Heaton, W. M.; William Vanhorn,

S. W.; A. J. Emerick, J. W.; Jacob Fisher, Treasurer; John Scott, Secretary; Uriah Todd, S. D.; FI. W. Carral, J. D.; Jacob Hess, Tiler; Stewarts, William Scott, Dr. Allen Divelbiss ; Trustees, Jessee Heaton, Dr. A. Divelbiss, Morgan Harrod. Number of members, thirty. The Lodge owns a hall 20x30 feet and have §206.21 in their treasury. The Lodge is in a prosperous condition.

Sol. D. Bagless Lodge) No. 859. - A number of Master Masons residing in Fort Wayne, prompted with a desire of being serviceable to the craft, and believing the interest of Masonry could be served by the formation of a new Lodge, accordingly, after holding several informal meetings and indulging in a general interchange of sentiments, the following, brethren, Anson Waring, Martin

L. Bulger, John M. Coombs, Byron D. Angell, Alfred Hattcrsley, William John¬ son, Jr., W. Akhurst, Sanford Lumbard, assembled in the hall of Wayne Lodge, No. 25, F. & A. M., on the evening of May 4, 1866. As the result of this preliminary meeting, a dispensation was granted by the Grand Lodge, dated May 30, 1866, with B. D. Angell, John M. Coombs, A. Warring, William Johnson, Jr., A. Flattersley, M. L. Bulger, S. Lumbard and W. Ackhurst, as petitioning members. On the 4th of June, following, those members met, accepted the dispensation and had the same recorded. Of this new Lodge, Byron D. Angell was appointed Worshipful Master ; Johu M. Coombs, S. W., and A. Waring, J. W. In due time, a charter was granted and the Lodge has worked regularly ever since. The present membership is 100; the assets of the Lodge 81,800. The following are the present officers: John I. White, W. M. ; C. B. Oakley, S. W. ;

Fort Wagne Chapter , No. 19, II. A. J/., was organized under dispensation granted by Abel C. Pepper, Grand High Priest of Grand Chapter of Indiana, dated May 5, A. D. 1851, and of Royal Arch Masonry 2,381, to S. D. Bayless, James High, James B. Shoaff, Robert Brackenridge, Samuel Souers, Henry Rudisill, James Armison, James W. Borden and Fredrick Hamilton. The following were appointed officers under said dispensation: Henry Rudisill, High Priest; James W. Borden, King; Robert Brackenridge, Scribe. A charter was granted by the Grand Chapter of the State of Indiana May 24, A. D. 1851, and the era of Masom-y 5851 and of Royal Arch Masonry 2381. Present officers: M. M. Smick, High Priest; C. M. Dawson, King; Joseph Whan, Scribe; FI. W. Mardhurst, Treasurer; C. B. Oakley, Secretary; John H. Bass, S. B. Sweet, M. E. Argo, Trustee.

Fort Wagne Commanderg, No. J, Knights Templar. - Organized under dis¬ pensation, granted by Right Eminent Sir Knight W. B. Hubbard, then Grand Master of Grand Encampment of Knights Templar of the United States of America, May 24, A. D. 1S53, A. O. 735. The dispensation was granted to Sirs Sol D. Bayless, James Collins, James High, H. FI. Peppard. George Rock¬ well, William T. Hall, W. FI. Ozier, Lewis J. Baldwin, F. McCanchy and Jacob Landis. Of these, Sir Knights Peppard, Rockwell, Hall, Ozier, Baldwin, ; McCanchy and Landis were members of Northwest Comtnandery, No. 13, Unity, Ohio, and never united with Fort Wayne Commandery. Sir Knights Bayless, Collins and High were residents of Fort Wayne, and became charter members of said Commandery. Organized under charter granted by the General Grand Encampment of the United States of America, at Lexington, Ky., September 19, A. D. 1853, A. O. 735. Officers for 1879 : C. M. Dawson, Eminent Com¬ mander; John Lillie, Jr., Generalissimo ; H. W. Mordhurst, Captain General;

Masonic Tcmjjlc Association. - The Fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons of the city of Fort Wayne, having had an existence therein for many years (as rentes only), have conceived the idea of erecting a Temple for the joint occupancy of the different Masonic bodies located in the city, and, after some degree of agitation as to the practicability of the project among the brethren, the matter came formally before the Masonic bodies at their stated communications during February, 1878, at all of which, resolutions were passed, unanimously authorizing their Trustees to proceed, in the most practicable way, to carry out their expressed will, in a manner commensurate with the importance of the under¬ taking. Accordingly, a preliminary meeting of the Trustees was held February 13, 1878. A temporary organization was effected and a committee appointed to present Articles of Association. At a meeting, held February 20, 1878, the Arti¬ cles of Association were adopted. The following is a list of the incorporators: George R. Bowen, Samuel B. Sweet, William Knight, William W. Fisk, James FI. Simonson, O. D. Hurd, William Lyne, George D. Crane, William Johnston, Jr.. Joseph Whan, William Rogers, William P. Swinney, Robert C. Bell, John

I. White, Daniel L. Harding, J. FI. Bass, Horatio N. Ward. On February 26, an election for officers was held, which resulted as follows : Samuel B. Sweet, President; Robert C. Bell, Vice President; William Lyne, Secretary; J. H. Simonson, Treasurer. The capital stock of the Association* was fixed at 850,000, divided into 10,000 shares of S5 each. The Masonic bodies were the first to subscribe. The Commandery, by her Trustees, on March 7, 1878, subscribed 200 shares, amounting to 81,000. The Chapter subscribed 600 shares, amount¬ ing to 83,000. Wayne Lodge subscribed 400 shares, amounting to 82,000. Summit City Lodge subscribed 400 shares, amounting to 82,000 ; Sol D. Bayless subscribed 300 shares, amounting to 81,500, and Home Lodge subscribed 100 shares, amounting to 8500, every cent of which - and more too - has been paid. The lot on which the Temple is being erected, was purchased and paid for in July, 1878, at a cost of 85,000. The following is a list of the Board of Trustees, elected by the stockholders, at their last annual meeting, held in January, 1879: Trustees - Alfred Hattersley, John I. White, Robert C. Bell, Samuel B. Sweet, John IF. Bass, M. E. Argo, A. H. Hamilton, N. II. Ward, D. L. Harding, (J. L. Thomas, William W. Fisk, William Knight, William Lyne, C. L. Smith, George I). Crane, J. II. Simonson, C. A. Zollinger, Joseph Whan, S. B. Bond, John M. Coombs, William P. Swinney. Officers - C. A. Zollinger, President; J. I. White, Vice President; William Lyne, Secretary;

J. H. Simonson, Treasurer. Finance Committee - S. B. Sweet, William P. Swinney and George D. Crane. Building Committee - John H. Bass, John M. Coombs, S. B. Bond, R. C. Bell, William W. Fisk. The contract for the erec¬ tion of the Temple was approved by the Board at their meeting held June 5, 1879, and work commenced June 12, 1879. The corner-stone was laid, with Masonic ceremonies, by the Grand officers of the State, September 16, 1879.

Odd Fellowship

Fort Wagne Lodge , No. 1J/., I. O. O. l'\ . at Fort Wayne, was instituted October 27, 1843, by Deputy Grand Master John Green, assisted by Past Grands S. S. Tipton and W. Hubbell. They opened the Lodge by conferring the Third, Fourth and Fifth Degrees on Benjamin Saunders and James P. Munson. The charter members were Benjamin Saunders, James McClelland, James P. Munson, Peter Rodenbaugh. Joseph Stamford and S. C. Newton. After the Lodge was instituted, George Johuson, George Wilson, James B. Edwards, Aaron J. Mershon and Asa Naylor were initiated. All the parties named above are now dead, except A. J. Mershon, who lives at Warsaw, and James B. Edwards, who lives at Columbia City. There appears to have been no election for officers until December, 18. when James P. Munson was elected Noble Grand and Joseph Stamford, Vice Grand. In the mean while, fourteen new members were initiated. The first sickness benefits were allowed to Peter Rodenbaugh April 22, 1S44, amounting to 86. On December 9, 1844, B. F. Mills died, the first loss by death that occurred among the members of the Lodge. As an illustration of the " hard times " in money matters during the time, the Lodge came near breaking up at that time on account of the impossibility of collecting dues and other moneys due to the Lodge. Past Grands George Johnson and Benjamin Saun¬ ders were elected Representatives to the Grand Lodge of the State March 31, 1845, and they were the first Representatives sent by the Lodge. The Lodge was still struggling in a financial slough, and on the 24th of July, 1845, it was ordered by the Lodge " that the Treasurer sell the ' white dog ' (scrip issued by the State for the purpose of carrying on public improvements, in bills of $5.00 each) at 83.50 for 85.00, and city orders at 87 j cents on the dollar." Officers of the Fort Wayne Lodge, No. 14, I. O. O. F. : December 18, 1843, J. P. Mun¬ son was elected Noble Grand: March 18, 1843, James Stamford, elected N. G.; June 17, 1844, B. F. Mills, elected N. G.; September 16, 1844, F. H. Tyler, elected N. G.; December 16, 1844, George Johnson, elected N. G.; March 24, 1815, C. II. Gould, elected N. G.; June 16, 1845, A. B. Miller, elected N. G.; September 17, 1845, Thomas Tigar, elected N. G. The present officers of the Lodge are: Peter Simmons, N. G.; Allen Hamilton, V. G.; William Beals, Sec.; A. Holy worth, Per. Sec.; T. J. Rodabaugh, Trcas. Trustees - M. V. B. Spen¬ cer, D. M. Fulls, John Whinney, Platt J. Wise. Platt J. Wise, a member of the Fort Wayne Lodge, was made Worthy Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of the State of Indiana.

Other Orders

moral character, who are socially acceptable, and between twenty-one and sixty years of age. 2d. To give all moral and material aid in its power to its members and those dependent upon them. 3d. To educate its members socially, morally and intellectually, and also to assist the widows and orphans of deceased members. 4th. To establish a home for the relief of sick and dis¬ tressed members. 5th. To establish a Widows' and Orphans' Benefit Fund, from which, on the satisfactory evideuce of the death of a member of the Order, who has complied with all its lawful requirements, a sum not exceeding 83,000 shall be paid to his family or those dependent on him, as he may direct.

The Reformed Mens Christian Temperance Union is an auxiliary of the Indiana State Christian Temperance Union, and was organized about August 1, 1878. It is the outgrowth of the Murphy movement in our city a couple of years a**o, and its aiin and object is to break down the evils of intemperance, for the elevation of mankind in general, and for the advancement of Christianity. Its present officers are : President, John C. Kensill ; First Vice President, Neil McKay ; Second Vice President, Mrs. Charles Lincoln ; Secretary, Thomas Kavanaugh; Treasurer, Mr. John C. Kensill ; Trustees, George W. Joues, A. A. Davis.and Thomas Kavanaugh ; Chorister, Mr. J. W. Cromwell. Among its faith¬ ful workers might be mentioned Mrs. J. W. Cromwell, the two Misses Filleys, Mrs. C. D. Law, Mrs. Kavanaugh, Mrs. Dillie, Mrs. Sithens, Mr. Virgil, Mr. Israel Adams and many others. It was organized at a prayer-meeting held at the house of Mrs. C. D. Law, West Washington street, by J. W. Cromwell, Thomas Kavanaugh, A. A. Davis, George Hanson, John C. Kensill, Mrs. C. D. Law, Mrs. Kavanaugh and Miss Duboise. It has met with much success, but not as much as we would like. The County Temperance Organization is the outgrowth of this little Spartan band of praying men and women. Their convention was held recently, with an evening session, in the Reformed Men's Hall, Fultonand Washing¬ ton streets. New township organizations are being organized almost weekly. Resolutions were passed by the convention offering certain inducements for the National Christian Temperance Union (Francis Murphy, President) to be held at Fort Wayne, in November next, and I think they will accept and hold the next National Convention in this city. All this from that little Spartan band of praying men and women. J. C. Kensill.

Fort Wayne College

At the third session of the Northern Indiana Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, held at La Fayette, Ind., in September, 184G, the College was organized. The first session of the Board of Trustees was held on the 28th of September, 1S46, informally. It was regularly organized, however, under a char¬ ter, June 19, 1847, and the coruer-stone of the College edifice was laid on the 24th of the same month, Rev. S. Brenton delivering an address on the occasion.

A. C. Iluestis was the first President, from September, 1847, to May, 1848, when he was succeeded by G. II. Rounds, who held the positio.n until July 30,

1849, when, having resigned, the vacancy was filled by the appointment of Rev. Cyrus Nutt, who, in turn, held it until September 3, 1850, and then resigned. From that time until April 19, 1852, A. C. Hucstis was the acting President. Then, Rev. S. T. Gillett was President until September 24 of the same year. He was succeeded by Rev. Samuel Brenton, to August 4, 1855. Rev. Reuben D. Robiuson from that date until December 18, 1866. From that time till March 20, 1872, when Rev. R. D. Robinson was again President, and served as such during the succeeding five years, when W. F. Tolum was elected and is still at the head of the institution.

In the mean time, the progress was not the most satisfactory, but steps were taken, as occasion seemed to demand, to remedy existing deficiencies. At a meet¬ ing on the 1st of March, 1849, the President laid before the Board a communi¬ cation from S. Brenton on the subject of a male department in connection with the College, which was referred to a select committee of Messrs, Edsall and Will¬ iams. At a subsequent meeting of the Board on the 28th of July, 1849, a reso¬ lution, looking to the consummation of that end, was laid on the table. In March,

1850, the Faculty, in a written request to the Board, asked the privilege of admit¬ ting male students at the commencement of the next term. This request was granted, and at a meeting of the Board on the 17th of August, 1852, "it was resolved, that, in the opinion of the Board, it is expedient to establish a College for the education of males at this place, to sustain the same relation to the North Indiana Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church that the Fort Wayne Female College does, and that we will co-operate with the North Indiana Confer¬ ence and the friends of education in carrying into effect such a project." On the 10th of October, 1855, the " Fort Wayne Female College " and the "Fort Wayne Collegiate Institute" were consolidated with a new institution, known as the " Fort Wayne College."

The College has had a continued struggle for existence from its commence¬ ment until within a few years, but is now well established. Rev. It. D. Robinson, who presided over it for seventeen years, is entitled to more credit than any other one man, but he was ably assisted by such men as William Rockhill, Allen Ham¬ ilton, Joseph K. Edgerton, John M. Miller and George Breckenridge.

This institution was established in Burgess Block, No. 30 East Main street, January 1, 1873, by Prof. Thomas Powers, the present efficient proprietor. Its aim is to furnish instruction to young men wishing to become clerks, book-keep¬ ers, or general business managers. The course of instruction embraces only those branches most essential in conducting mercantile or business affairs.

The institution has been attended by upward of 400 young men and young ladies, up to the present time. Prior to its establishment, a similar school, known as the Bryant & Stratton Business College, was located also in the Burgess Block. It W!is under the management of Prof. H. H. Lipes. And still prior to the organization of the latter, a Commercial College, situated on Harrison street, near the Robinson House, was conducted by Prof. M. J. Francisco.

It is believed, under continued good management and competent instructors, that a Business College will be supported, and remain a permanent institution of the city of Fort Wayne.

It is impossible to ascertain when it was first organized, or who the officers were, as no records can be found. It had died out, however, and June 6, 1866, it was re-organized, with the following membership:

The Society was fairly prosperous, and held regular monthly meetings until May 5, 1874, when it was thought best for the interest of the Society to re-organize under the Constitution of the new State Medical Society, and it was accordingly done, and a new Constitution adopted, and the following named officers were elected: J. S. Gregg, M. D., President; Joseph 11. Beck, M. D., Secretary; T. P. McCullough, M. D., Treasurer. II. P. Ayres, M. D., B. S. Woodworth, M.

D. , and W. II. Brooks, M. D., Board of Censors, and a large number of old members dropped. The Society since that time has continued to prosper, and holds a high rank among similar organizations. It holds regular monthly meet¬ ings from April 1, to November 1, and weekly meetings from November to April.

Fort Wayne College Of Medicine

Faculty - W. II. Gobrecht, M. D., Dean; Joseph R. Beck, M. D., Secre¬ tary; C. B. Stemen, M. D., Registrar; W. H. Gobrecht, M. I)., Professor of , Descriptive and Surgical Anatomy ; Christian B. Stemen, M. D., Professor of I Theory and Practice of Medicine; Joseph R. Beck, M. D., Professor of Diseases of Women and Genito-Urinary Surgery; Isaac M. Rosenthal, M. D., Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Children ; James S. Gregg, M. D., Professor of Surgery and Clinical Surgery; George W. McCaskey, M. D.. Professor of Physi¬ ology ; Charles R. Dryer, M. D., Professor of Chemistry and_ Toxicology ; Joseph R. Beck. M. D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics; S. R. Robinson, M. D., Professor of General Pathology and Microscopy; C. B. Stemen, M. D., Professor of Diseases of the Eye and Ear ; Samuel .Anderson, M. D., Professor of Physical Diagnosis ; Hon. Robert C. Bell, Lecturer on Medical Jurisprudence; Samuel C. Metcalfe, M. D., Demonstrator of Anatomy.

Medical College of Fort Wayne. - An institution of this name was incor¬ porated in 1876, and was continued until August 8, 1879, at which time, there being some doubts as to the legality of its incorporation (which, however, could only affect its right to hold property and collect debts) it was dissolved, and on that date a new College bearing the same name was organized. The present Board of Trustees is: H. D. Woods, A. P. Buclnnan, H. V. Sweringen, A. E. Van Buskirk, T. J. Dills. The following aro the officers: T. J. Dills, Presi¬ dent; II. D. Wood, Treasurer ; H. V. Sweringen, Secretary.

St. Joseph's Hospital is situated on the corner of Broadway and Main streets. Its ample accommodations are in every way well arranged for its pur¬ poses, and under excellent discipline. By reason of the great railroad traffic cen¬ tering in Fort Wayne, the Hospital becomes the frequent scene of capital opera¬ tions by the Hospital Staff, and will afford abundant material for clinical instruc¬ tion, both medical and surgical.

The Fort Wayne City Hospital , at the corner of East Lewis and Hanna streets, has been opened to the profession since the opening of the College last year. Its apartments are large and commodious, and it is rapidly gaining favor. Members of the Faculty are also members of the Staff, and additional Clinical In¬ struction is thereby secured to the student.

The Home for the Friendless , a Lying-In Hospital , at the corner of Rockhill and Pritchard streets. This institution will afford excellent facilities for ad¬ vanced students in a department that is rarely accessible; and while the Obstetric Clinic will be conducted with the utmost regard for the interests of the patients, the members of the class will be permitted to assist in the accouchement, under the direction of the attending physician. In this way, opportunities will be pre¬ sented of the utmost service and importance to the future practitioner.

Graduation. - The demand of the profession and of the public is an eleva¬ tion of the standard of medical education. The Medical College of Fort Wayne, recognizing the justice of this demand, have instituted a graded course, which, however, for the present session, is optional with the student.

The second year comprises Surgical Anatomy, Materia Medica and Thera¬ peutics, Pathology, Histology and the use of the Microscope, Clinical Medicine and Surgery at the Hospital, and Physical Diagnosis.

The third year comprises Practice of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics, Gynecology, Diseases of Children, Materia Medica and Therapeutics, Medical and Surgical Clinics at the Hospital, the Application of Surgical Appliances and Bandages.

The Faculty strongly recommend this course for the adoption of studeuts, yet for the present they are free to choose whether they follow this or the usual course.

Physicians. - Dr. Bricker (1857 ), physician and surgeon, northwest corner of Clinton and Main streets. Dr. G. W. Bowen ( 1857), came in May, 1852, homeop¬ athist, office and residence on Barr street. C. S. Smith, M. D. (1857), physician and surgeon, corner of Calhoun and Pearl alley. Dr. Tollerton (1857). Dr. William H. Brooks (1857 , physician and surgeon, southwest corner of Water and Calhoun streets. Dr. Leiber (1857), physician and surgeon, Columbia street. T. P. McCulloch, M. D. (1857), physician and surgeon, south side of Berry street, Lot 513, 0. P. Dr. B. S. Woodworth (located in 1846), physician and surgeon, next door to Dr. Thompson. Thompson & Sturgis (S. S. Thompson, Charles E. Sturgis), Columbia street. Dr. Wehmer. Dr. Faloon (1S60), phy¬ sician and surgeon, northwest corner of Clinton and Wayne streets. Dr. Cooper Ayers, physician and surgeon. Dr. S. C. Ayers. Dr. Leonard (came August, 1851), homeopath. Dr. Daniel Kiser. T. M. Banks and Dr. Charles Sturgis were partners in 1846 as Sturgis & Banks. Dr. Lewis Beecher. Dr. James Dailey. Drs. Ayres and Brown were in partnership in 1846. Dr. Irwin. Dr. Carl Smitz. Dr. Samuel Huxford. S. S. Thompson (died July, 1851). Dr. Sevenick. Dr. Jones. Dr. William H. Thacker. W. D. Stewart. Dr. Rowan. Dr. Kitchen. Dr. Robert McNeill, surgeon. Dr. P. M. Leonard. Dr. James Ormiston. Dr. John Evans. Dr. Bernard Sevenick. Dr. L. Meinderman. Dr. J. M. Josse.

The Grattan Literary Society

was organized on the 1st day of December, 1878, with twenty-two chartered members, which number gradually increased until at the present writing (August 1, 1879), it had swelled to forty members. The object is laid down in the second article of the Constitution, which is as follows : " The object or spirit of this society is the moral, mental and social advancement of its members." It derives its name from Sir Henry Grattan, who was a member of the British Parliament, and whose principles were thought worthy of imitation.

The Society holds its meetings Thursday evening of each week, at their hall, 27 West Columbia street. The election of officers is held semi-annually, on the second Thursday of December and June of each year.

The officers elected at the organization were: A. E. Van Buskirk, Pres^ Mattie Wohlford, Vice Pres.; 0. J. McGinness, Sec.; Louis Schrader, Treas. and Cor. Sec. On the Second regular election the following were elected, who continue to serve up to the present time, viz.: A. E. Van Buskirk, Pres.; 0. J. McGinness, Vice Pres.; A. J. Moynihan, Sec.; Louis Schrader, Treas. and Cor. Sec.

Initiation fee 01, monthly fee 25 cents, which affords the Society funds, and leaves it at the present time prosperous financially as well as in a literary point of

Telegraph

In 1849, the first line of telegraph wire was laid to Fort Wayne and an office was opened in the Times newspaper office on the northwest corner of Cal¬ houn and Main streets. George W. Wood, one of the editors and proprietors of the Fort Wayne Times had charge of the office, but, not being a practical opera¬ tor himself, he had an assistant whose name is unknown. The line belonged to the Ohio, Indiana & Illinois Telegraph Company, that was organized by Henry O'Reilly. Stock was issued in shares of 850 each, and the nominal capital was 8200,000. The line was to run from Cincinnati to Toledo, and thence, following the line of the Wabash & Erie Canal, to Evansville, Ind., with branches running from Lafayette, Ind., to Indianapolis and Chicago.

In 1850, Ezra Cornell, of New York, bought up the stock of the Company at $2 per share, and soon after transferred it to the Western Union Telegraph Company, at its full value, and in that manner laid the foundation for a colossal fortune, that enabled him afterward to found Cornell University at Ithaca, N. Y.

J. McNutt Smith, now of Fort Wayne, was, at the time of the transfer, an operator in the Cincinnati office. A difiiculty having arisen between the Com¬ pany and the parties in Fort Wayue, that had subscribed for stock in the' origi¬ nal company, on account of the Western Union refusing to carry out certain con¬ tracts that the original Company had entered into, he was sent to Fort Wayne to arrange it, and, after' doing so, he was appointed to take charge of the office, which position he retained until 1860, when he was succeeded by Charles Jones, who remained in charge until February 1, 1868, when he was succeeded by Charles H. Currier, who in turn was succeeded, May 1, 1874, by Oscar L. Perry, the present manager.

When Mr. Smith took charge of the office there was but a single wire, sus¬ pended on small poles, so slender that they could not well sustain its weight, and they would bend and warp with its weight and frequently break down altogether ; and the instruments used were the old-fashioned " Morse " instruments that indented a strip of paper with a series of dots and dashes, that had to be read off after a message was received, instead of the present manner of reading by sound.

Fort Wayne Telephone Exchange. - During the summer of 1869 - June - Sidney C. Lumbard erected the necessary lines of wire and connected them with a central station in the third story of Follinger's Block on the west side of Cal lioun, north of Main street. At the various terminals, the Bell's patent tele¬ phones and transmuters were attached, and the entire apparatus successfully put in operation. He now enjoys the patronage of 100 subscribers. Sidney C. Lum¬ bard, Manager.

Western Union Telephone Exchange. - Immediately after, in July, the establishment of the Lumbard Exchange, the Western Union Telegraph Com¬ pany began the erection of a series of lines throughout the city, and located an office in Nill's building on the second floor, west side of Calhoun, north of Wayne street and south side of alley ; to this, their central station, the various lines con¬ verge, and, at the various terminals throughout the city, they are connected with the Edison patent telephones and transmuters. At the present time, there are sixty-three subscribers in connection. This management is under charge of O. L. Perry, Manager W. U. T. Co.

By an act of Congress, approved May 8, 1822, a land district in Northeast¬ ern Indiana was prescribed, locating the office at Fort Wayne. The following is the first section of that act :

" That, for the sale of the unappropriated public lands iu the State of Indiana, to which the Indian title is extinguished, the following district shall be formed, and a Land Office established : All the public lands aforesaid, to which the Indian title was extinguished by the treaties concluded at St. Mary's in the month of October, eighteen hundred and eighteen, lying east of the range line separating the first and second ranges east of the second principal meridian, extended north to the present Indian boundary, and north of a line to be run, separating the tiers of towuships numbered twenty and twenty-one, commencing on the old Indian boundary, in range thirteen cast of the said principal meridian, in Randolph County, and the said district to be bounded on the east by the line dividing the States of Ohio and Indiana, shall form a district, for which a Laud Office shall be established at Fort Wayne."

One of the provisions of that act was, that until the lands embraced in the specified limits had been surveyed, or a sufficient quantity thereof "in the opiuion of the President, to authorize a public sale of lands within the same," a Register of the Land Office and a Receiver of Public Moneys should not be appointed. Consequently, said offices were not filled until the year following, when Joseph Holman, of Wayne County, was appointed Receiver of Public Moneys, by Presi¬ dent Monroe, who also appointed Samuel C. Vance, of Dearborn County, Register, as prescribed by said act. The necessary proclamation having' been issued by the President, the Land Office was opened for the sale of lauds to the highest bidder, on the 22d of October., 1823, the office being located in the old fort.

The class of lands subject to sale at that.period, as provided by Section 3 of the aforesaid act, was that " to which the Indian title was extinguished, and which had not been granted to, or secured for, the use of any individual or indi¬ viduals, or appropriated and reserved for any other purpose by any existing treats ies or laws, aud with the exception of section numbered sixteen in each township, which shall be reserved for the support of schools therein."

A further provision of said act required that the lands should be sold in tracts of the same size, on the same terms and conditions, and in every respect, as provided by the act, entitled, " An Act making further provisions for the Sale of the Public Lands," approved April 24, 1820. The further provisions referred to were, that, " in every case of the division of a quarter-section, the line for the division thereof shall run north and south, and the corners and contents of half quarter-sections which may thereafter be sold, shall be ascertained in the same manner and on the principles directed aud prescribed by the second section of the act of February 11, 1805" - which are that the length of such lines as returned | by the surveyor shall be held and considered as the true length thereof. " And | the boundary lines which shall not have been actually run aud marked as afore¬ said, shall be ascertained by running straight lines from the established corners ; to the opposite corresponding corners ; but in those portions ot the fractional townships where no such opposite corresponding corners have been or can be , fixed, the said boundary line shall be established by running from the established | corners due north aud south, or cast and west, lines, as the case may be, to the j water-course, Indian boundary line, or other external boundary of such fractional j township " - the minimum price being §1.25 per acre.

In view of the conditions aforesaid, and the further fret of the special notability i of the place as embracing the site of ancient Ke-ki-ong-a, of the French, English J and American forts, where, from a period of a century and a half in the past to i the present, the aborigines and their successors had met and counseled for the perpetuity of their respective customs and the maintenance of their rights - i it is not strange that there was a spirit of rivalry giving impulse and energy to I the motives of purchasers. At this first sale, John T. Barr, of Baltimore, Md., and John MeCorkle, of Piqua, Ohio, were the most extensive purchasers, the prin¬ cipal tract being described as 41 the north fraction of the southeast quarter of i Section 2, Township 30 north, of Range 12 east," upon which they subse- i quently laid out the original town of Fort Wayne, embracing 118 lots. The | " Old Fort" grounds were not then subject to sale, having been reserved for the use of the Indian Agency, including some forty acres. j

Alexander Ewing was also a principal purchaser at this first sale, entering the east half of the southwest quarter of Section 2, which lies immediately j west of the Barr and MeCorkle tract, and upon which Ewing's and Rockhill's Additions were afterward laid out. The tract known as the " Well's Pro- J eruption," lying in the forks of the St. Joseph's and St. Mary's rivers, having I been by act of Congress, May 18, 1808, set apart as a pre-emption to Capt. ! Wells, who was authorized to enter it, when adjacent lands should be subject to 1 sale, at $1.25 per acre - was purchased by his heirs, the Captain in the mean- | time having lost his life at the massacre of Fort Dearborn, on the 15th of i August, 1812. These constituted the principal first purchasers, and cover a i large proportion of the territory now occupied by the city of Fort Wayne. The j offices continued to be located here during a period of twenty-one years.

The following persons filled the positions of Receivers and Registers in this | office from its Original opening until its final close and removal hence :

1823, Joseph Holman, of Wayne County ; 1829, Gen. Jonathan McCarty, of J Fayette County ; 1831, John Spencer, of Dearborn County ; 1837, Daniel Reid, of Wayne ; 1841, Samuel Lewis, of Allen ; 1841, I. D. G. Nelson, of Allen.

1823, Samuel C. Vance, of Dearborn County : 1829, Robert Brecknaridge, of Franklin County ; 1837, James W. Borden, of Wayne County ; 1841, William Polke, La Porte County; 1843, William S. Edsall, of Allen County.

Artesian Well

This well is one of the notable features of Fort Wayne, attracting the atten¬ tion of all, inviting the multitude to partake freely of its waters, which are boun¬ tiful in their character, and possess medicinal virtues in high repute among the many who partake of them. With whom the enterprise originated does not now appear to us, but as early as 1869, the matter was agitated quite extensively among leading citizens. In the spring of 1S70, the question was considered in ^ the Common Council of the city, and subsequently referred, to the Board of County Commissioners, as shown by the following action had by the Board on the proposition, June 6, 1870 :

"in the matter of an artesian well, as presented to the Board by a com¬ mittee of the Common Council of the city of Fort Wayne, the Board authorize the boring of an artesian' well on the public square, and authorize the appropria¬ tion of one-half the cost of said well, payable out of the county treasury."

Notwithstanding the question continued to be agitated with considerable spirit, but little progress appears to have been made in boring the well, or even the location of it, during the succeeding two years. With a persistent determination, however, to make it a certainty, the County Board, on the 9th of September, 1872, took further and more definite action, and made the following order, which appears of record :

" Ordered by the Board of Commissioners of this county, that there be appro¬ priated out of the county treasury the sum of §1,0U0, for the payment for the digging or boring and tubing of an artesian well, on or near the southeast corner of the public square, in the city of Fort Wayne, Iud.,. the same to be paid to J. S Goshorn, when he shall dig or bore and tube a well at said point, of the dimensions of not less than seven inches in diameter, with a flow of water there¬ from that shall equal a height of not less than four feet above the surface of the ground at said point. Said well to be commenced within three months from date."

Again, on the 9th day of January, 1873, the following additional proceed¬ ings were had, showing the earnest purpose of those interested to make the prob¬ lem a certainty. At that time, it was "Ordered by the Board that the Auditor be and the same is hereby directed to advertise for sealed proposals for boring an artesian well upon the southeast c'orner of the public square, in the city of Fort Wayne. Said well to be at least four inches inside diameter, piped to the bed-rock with good wrought-iron pipe, and to be sunk 500 feet below the surface of said square, unless a flowing well should be obtained before reaching that depth, aud provided, also, that the City Council shall agree to pay for one-third of said work as it progresses, the remainder to be paid by the county." Subse¬ quently, on the 5th of March, following, notice having been previously given, further proceedings were had, to wit : The Board opened the several bids for boring the well, and awarded the contract to Ackerly & Hopkins, and the Auditor was ordered to notify them, so that a contract could be closed at once. They accordingly appeared on the 10th of April, when a contract was entered into pursuant to the aforesaid order, the terms of which were, that J. Hopkins . aud J. W. Ackerly agreed to bore a well five and one-half inches in diameter, five hundred feet in depth, and furnish everything, for $1,800. If water was not obtained in sufficient quantities for a flowing well at an elevation of four feet above the surface of the ground, they were to drill until they got it, providing it was not over 1,000 feet, for S2.50 for each additional foot. Under that contract, those gentlemen sunk it -to the depth of 1,000 feet without reaching water. Under this contract, the extreme depth contemplated being only 1,000 feet, another contract was necessary. Accordingly, on the 2d of May, the Board entered into an agreement with J. Hopkins and J. W. Ackerly, of Ashtabula, Ohio, for the drilling of the well, and ordered the agreement to be entered upon the miscellaneous record in the Auditor's office.

About this time, the location of the well was changed from the southeast corner of the public square, to the northeast corner, in consequence of the fol¬ lowing subscriptions, payable on condition that such change of location was made. Those subscribers were: Thomas W. Swinney, $500; Henry Burgess, $100 ; Ulrick Slots, $50 ; George Fox, $50 ; Henry Monning, $50.

The terms of the new agreement were entered into by James W. Ackerly, of tbe first part, and Messrs. Morgan & Meyers, on behalf of the City Council,

1 of Fort Wayne, and the Board of Commissioners of Allen County, of the sec¬ ond part - to drill the well upon the public square, to the depth of 1,500 feet,

1 500 feet deeper than it is now, for $6 per foot for the 500 feet. If flowing water is not obtained in that depth, and the material or rock is of no worse character or harder to drill than the strata through which it has been drilled to this time, then he will sink an additional 500 feet for $6 per foot for the last 500 feet.

On the 12th of August, 1874, 1,500 feet had been bored and yet no water had been found ; hence, further proceedings were necessary. At that time, the Board, reflecting public opinion upon the question, gave the project a further impulse. . The record discloses the following: Come now, "members of the Grand Jury and other tax-payers of the county, and present a memorial asking the Board to have the boring of the artesian well continued, if need be, to the depth of 2,500 feet. And the Board, after having conferred with a committee appointed by the City Council, consent and permit that Messrs. Ackerly & Hop¬ kins may continue the boring of the artesian well for an additional 500 feet, at the price of $7 for the first. 100 feet, at $8 per foot for the second 100 feet, at $9 per foot for the third 100 feet, at $10 per foot for the fourth 100 feet and $11 per foot for the fifth 100 feet - the county to pay two-thirds of the above amount and the city one-third." When the full depth of 2,500 feet had been reached, there was yet no water, and some doubts were entertained in reference to the propriety of further appropriations for the purpose of reaching a I greater depth.

Mr. Hopkins, on the 18th of June, 1875, submitted a proposition to drill the well 500 feet deeper, for $11.54 per foot, the city to pay $4.21; and the county. $7.33 per foot, which offer was accepted, and the work continued to pro¬ gress with all the rapidity practicable, for a considerable time without satisfactory result.

From all that appears to the contrary, this agreement was literally carried out; and yet the anticipations of the projectors were not fully realized, though the well had been sunk to the depth of more than three thousand feet. How¬ ever, on the 22d day of January, 1876, the following proprosition was submitted by Mr. Hopkins, for the consideration of the Board. The proposition is thus ! stated :

"Comes now J. Hopkins, and proposes to the Board thatdie will, at his own expense, tube the artesian well, for the purpose of ascertaining if the water will flow by so doing; aud, if by tubing, he fails to get flowing water, he will then test the well for gas - provided, however, that, if he obtains gas in sufficient quantity to make it profitable for illuminating purposes, then the said Hopkins shall have one-half of the benefit arising from the .use of said gas; but, if he obtains flowing water, he shall have no interesLor benefit in it whatever." This proposition was accepted by the Board, on condition that the city of Fort Wayne would accede thereto.

Fort Wayne Gas-Ligiit Company

was organized in the summer of 1855, and commenced operations October 15 of that year. The original stockholders, as near as c.in be ascertained, at this time, were John Hough, Joseph Stratton, Comparet, Hubbel#& Co., Hill & Orbison,

John Brown aud John Drake, of Fort Wayne ; Elijah Barker, Barker & Noble, Mrs. H. M. Haskell, Harvey B. Spelman, Silas Merchant and J. L. B. Cobb, of Cleveland. The original capital was $225,000.

On Tuesday, May 4, 1858, an election was held to decide the question as to whether the streets should be lighted with gas, which was decided in the affirmative.

In 1873, the contract terminated, and a contract was entered into with the Globe Gas-Light Company to light the streets with kerosene for two years. On the expiration of that contract, a new one was made with the Gas-Light Com¬ pany for five years, which has not expired as yet.

Globe Gas Light Company

was organized for the purpose of lighting the suburbs of the city, outside of where the gas mains are laid, with kerosene. Under a contract with the city, which expires in May, 1880, they now light 260 lamps.

Water-Works Of The City Of Fort Wayne

On August 5, 1879, the citizens of Fort Wayme authorized, by a majority vote, the construction of a system of Water- Works, and at the same time, the following gentlemen were chosen as Commissioners to execute their construction : Charles McCulloch, Henry Monning and Chris Boseker. Afterward, J D. Cook was employed as engineer, to superintend the construction, at a salary of $2,500 per annum. Subsequently a salary of $150 per annum was affixed for each of the Commissioners on October 21, 1879, the following contracts were let:

The whole amount now foots up at $236,865.36. Mr. Co ik's estimate was $270,000, and deducting the aggregate contracts from the estimate of Mr. Cook, there is $33,134.36 to fall upon for contingencies.