Clinton County, Indiana - Chapter 26: Perry Township, 1886

Chapter 26: Perry Township

Geographical Description. - First Settlement. - Subsequent Arrivals. - Early Events. - Organization. - Agricultural Statistics. - Population. - Political. - Valuation and Taxation, 18i5 AND 1886. - Colfax. - Business. - The Press. - Societies. - Schools. - Churches. - Biographical.

Perry Township lies in the southwestern part of the county, and is the south half of township 31 north, and the north half of township 20 north, range 2 west. It is five and one-half miles from north to south, and six miles east and west, and is hounded on the north by Washington Township, on the east by Jackson, on the south by Boone County and on the west by Montgomery County. The surface of this township is level, and the soil a sandy loam. It is watered by Potato Creek, which has its rise in the northern part of the township, and flows southwesterly, passing out on section 7. There is also one small pond in Perry on the northwestern part of section 36, known as Hay Pond.

The natural wildness of Perry was encroached upon by the white man, who is ever seeking "pastures new," in 1827 by Elijah Eogers, whose rude log cabin appeared in the dense wilderness on section 25. In 1828 there came several hardy pioneers to break the almost oppressive solitude of this dense forest. These were a widow lady by the name of IN ichols, who settled on section 35; John Kilmore, on section 34; Phillip Bush, on section 3; Moses Watkins, on section 36; Zabina Babcock, on section 33, and in 1829 came Peter Groves and settled on section 26; Nicholas Cunningham, on section 1; Charles Campbell, on section 23; Samuel Anderson, on section 25; and a man by the name of Brockman, on section 36; 1830 brought still a larger force, and among them were; Luke Blacker and his son William, who settled on the southeast part of section 3; William V. White, located on (787)

The prominent arrivals during the next five years, from 1831 to '36 inclusive, were: John Davis, John Miller, Charles and Andrew Wolf, Enoch Johnson, J. E. Loveless, Samuel Hinton, M. and J. D. Cojner, Joseph Lane, John and James Hamilton, Alex. White, John Ferry and Ezekiel Timmons, James Doyal, Dr. James M. Clark, Allen, Joseph and Thomas Sparks, Eobert Moore, Henry Hamilton, John Weaver, William Holloway, George Lowry, William Payne, John Byers and Anthony Brodrick.

Early Events

The first religious meeting was held in 1828 at the cabin of Elijah Rogers, which was also among the first meetings in the county. Joel Dolby, who was the first man to preach a sermon in the county, officiated on this occasion. Shortly after this a meeting was held at the cabin of Benjamin Loveless by the Methodists, with a Mr. Tartington as the preacher.

The first church was built by the Methodists, in 1838, on the farm of Joseph Lane, near the southwest corner of section 33. This was known as the Shiloh. Methodist Episcopal Church. The next was built by the Presbyterians, in the northwest part of the township, in 1840.

The first school-house was built in 1831, on the land of Elijah Eogers, and another soon after on the land belonging to Solomon Lowry. The first teacher was William Cave.

The first death was that of Moses Loveless, and it occurred in 1831. The coffin was made by J. T. Wright, and although it was in August, the body was conveyed to its last resting place on a sled, by Mr. Blanker.

Organization

The township was organized at the September term of the Commissioners' Court, in 1834, and an election authorized to be held at the Lowry school-house on the first Saturday in October, 1834. The first justices of the peace were William Rogers and Michael Hilton. The names of the other township officers cannot be ascertained.

A&Eioultueal Statistics

In 1885 there were 1,277 gallons of sorghum and 49 gallons of maple molasses made. The number of gallons of milk taken from cows were 150,444; pounds of butter made, 26,961.

Population Political

Politically Perry has always been counted among the strong Kepublican townships, and in 1884 gave Blaine a majority of twenty-one. Following is the vote of the township at the last general election, November 4, 1884, for President and State and county oiBcers:

Valuation Aud Taxation, 1845

By comparison we must judge everything, and to show the vast difference in the items of valuation and taxation of Perry Township which has occurred in the past forty years, we give the same for 1845:

Valuation And Taxation, 1886

The village of Colfax, formerly called Medway, is located on section 8, in the southwestern part of the township,at the junction of the Terre Haute & Logansport and Cincinnati, Indianapolis, St. Louis & Chicago railroads, which afford excellent facilities for transportation in all directions. It was laid out in 1849, by Montgomery Stroud, and was at that time called Medway. A few years later, however, Dr. J. M. Clark made an addition, and then it took its present name. Considerable enterprise is apparent from the nature of its business blocks, church and scliool buildings and private residences. Colfax has a population of nearly 1,000, and its business men in 1886 are as follows: J. L. Reckard, John H. Girt and Blacker & Coyner, general merchants; W. T. Dunbar, Shobe & Ermentrout and William Coon, drugs and groceries; B. F. Hayden, drugs; H. C. Allen, grocery and bakery; W. C. Gobble, grocery and meat market; F. N. Armstrong, agricultural implements and hardware; Daniel White, hardware; E. H. Johnson, furniture and undertaker; F. W. Powers, banker; J. R. Shepard, tin shop; F. N. Armstrong, G. P. Roudebush and S. H. Jenkins, blacksmiths; G. W. Slaughter, wagon-maker; Mrs. Bowers and Mrs. White, millinery; George Pyfer and William Richards, boot and shoe makers; John Dawson, tile factory; D. Lanum, dealer in grain, coal and lumber; L. C. Dukes, elevator; F. M. Teegarden, saw-mill; W. Moody and - Thompson, barbers; William Bush and J. Allen, hotels; George Pendry, livery; Joseph Parker, H. J. Coon, J. E. Milborn & Son and H. W. Vale, physicians; E. Sparks, F. M. Goldsberry and J. G. Webster, lawyers; F. N. Armstrong, postmaster.

Colfax has one weekly newspaper, the Colfax Courier, owned by B. B. Clark, and edited and published by McKinsey & White. It was started in September, 1885, is a five-column quarto in size, and has for its motto, " A newspaper with few principles and no promises." Being an independent paper it has a good circulation.

Plunib Lodge, No. 472, A. JF. c&A. 3f., was organized March 5, 1873. with the following charter menabers and first ofiicers: M. C. McDowell, "Worshipful Master; J. Arrick, Senior Warden; E. A. Clark, Junior Warden; J. W. Collins, Senior Deacon; S. H. Doyle, Junior Deacon; William Blacker, Treasurer; John Mitchell, Secretary; and Joseph Boggs, Tyler. It has about forty active members at the present writing and is in excellent condition. The officers for 1886 are: A. Clark, Worshipful Master; M. B. Waugh, Senior Warden; B. B. Clark, Junior Warden; Joseph Parker, Senior Deacon; T. H. Bewsey, Junior Deacon; Albert Dunbar, Treasurer; Scott Shobe, Secretary; J. R. Shepard, Tyler; C. W. Northup and John Waugh, Trustees.

Sharon Lodge, No. 487, /. 0. 0. F., was instituted May 20, 1875. Its charter members were: R. H. Bishop, E. R. Johnson, John Mitchell, H. J. Webster, V. B. Bowman, J. W. McClure and J. E. Dunn. Its membership numbers twenty, and it is in very good condition. Present officers are: Arthur McMinds, Noble Grand; C. Cumberworth, Treasurer; E. Shobe, Secretary.

Stilhoell Post, No. 375, G. A. E., was mustered in August, 1884, with the following charter members and first officers: J. H. Girt, Commander; J. L. Reckford, Senior Vice-Commander; J. W. Harris, Junior Vice-Commander; G. W. Allison, Chaplain; J.

E. Hamilton, Adjutant; J. R. Shepard, Officer of the Guard; W. N. Clift, Officer of the Day; Thomas Lanam, Surgeon; G. P. Rondebush, Quartermaster; Daniel White, Patrick Wesley, H. C. Allen, J. C. Ghent, J. C. Dukes, J. M. Griffin, Wilhelm Lietzke,

F. M. Teegarden and John McGrath. There are forty-two active members who take a lively interest in the welfare of the post. The officers for 1886 are: J. L. Reckford, Commander; J. W. Harris, Senior Vice-Commander; H. C. Allen, Junior Vioe-Commander; J. W. Allison, Chaplain; George Harbaugh, Officer of the Day; J.R. Shepard, Officer of the Guard; E. Sparkes, Adjutant; F. M. Teegarden, Quartermaster; S. E. Bliss, Quartermaster-Sergeant; Daniel White, Sergeant-Major; John Vernath, Surgeon.

Colfax may well be proud of its educational interests, the citizens are alive to the necessity of a thorough Bchool system and below is given a brief sketch of past and present systems here.

About the year 1840, in the heart of a dense forest, was built for school purpose a log house, which was conveniently fitted up with all the appliances necessary to success in school-teaching. Elijah Mitchell and George Kenall were among the early teachers who made tlfeir names famous as instructors of the young. The course of study there was not materially different from that of other schools of that early day, and comprised a knowledge of reading, spelling, writing, cyphering and flogging.

The Indianapolis, Cincinnati & La Fayette Railroad, at first called the Indianapolis Railroad, was located in the year 1849, and finished about the year 1852, when Mr. Strowd laid out a town, to which he gave the cognomen Medway, which, after a while, grew into our present (Jolfax. In time tlie tastes of the people became eo cultivated as to render the appearance of the old log schoolhouse odious, and they erected, on the same location, a frame school-house, to which the young, of course, were proud to go. This house, however, at last grew too small and an old church was appropriated to the use of school. Here gathered the motley crowd of children into an uiihand_v and uncomfortable room, to receive instruction from either the primary or principal teacher.

But the year 1876 rolled round with the general idea prevalent that there should be a convenient and commodious school building erected, which was accordingly done, and on the same site as the two former houses. The new seminary building is a two-story brick, containing four school-rooms, nicely seated, besides four cloak, one cabinet and library, and two apparatus rooms. It is well built and nicely furnished and cost, outside of grounds, well and outhouses, $7,100.

The following corps of teachers were elected to take charge of the new school: O. A. Shotts, Principal; Vie Shuls, Intermediate, and Adra Andrus, Primary. Owingto the fact that the workmen were slow in completing their contract, school did not open in the seminary till the 2d day of January, 1877. There were 225 students in attendance the first term and the teachers had an arduous work before them ; all the more laborious because the school had never been graded, and they had this work to do, which they did to the entire satisfaction of all concerned.

A complete course of study has been prepared, and everything possible is being done to make and retain the school as good as the best. Colfax is justly proud of her school facilities.

The Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in Montgomery County in 1831 or '32, at the home of Roily Kendall, and among the first members were: James Hamilton, A. Truitt, Moses Furgeson, Judge Joseph Lane, "William Broderick, Jesse Lane, David Rinehart, together with their respective families. The first preacher was Rev. Miles Huflaker. Shortly after its organization they built a church on the farm of James Hamilton, in Ferry Township, and among their first pastors were: Rev. Mr. Bale, Rev. Campbell, Rev. Phelps, and Rev. Joseph White. In 1872 they moved to Colfax and in 1877 built their present brick church, at a cost of about $3,000. The present membership is about 150, and their pastor is Rev. Aaron Woods.

Presbyterian Church. - This church was founded in 1873 by the following, who were its first members: Dr. J. M. Clark and wife, J. W. Benjamin and wife, Jacob Blacker and wife, and Mrs. Strain. In 188i they built a neat frame church at a cost of about $2,000. There are at present forty active members, and the Rev. Mr. Dodge is the pastor. The elders are: Dr. J. M. Clark, W. D. Clark, Sr., and Benjamin Griffiths; and the deacons are: J. L. Reckard, F. N. Armstrong and J. C. Clark.

The Christian Church has about ninety members, and the pastor is Rev. R. L. Howe. They have a nice brick church erected in 1873 and are at the present time a strong church organization,

H. C. Allen, grocer and baker, Colfax, Clinton County, was born May 28, 1837, in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, a eon of David B. and Jane (McCormick) Allen, the father being of English, and the mother of Irish origin. The father died some years ago, and his widow subsequently married again. She was again bereaved by the death of her second husband, in 1884, and is now living in La Bette County, Kansas. H. C. Allen was but one year old when his parents removed to Wabash County, Indiana, where he lived until eight years of age when his father died. The family then went to La Porte County, Indiana, and there he was reared to manhood. He was reared to agricultural pursuits, and commenced life for himself by working by the month on a farm, which he followed until the breaking out of the late civil war. March 1, 1862, he enlisted in the Sixteenth Indiana Light Artillery, and was engaged most of the time in the fortifications around "Washington, and when not there was with his regiment with the Twenty-Second Corps. He participated in the battles at second Bull Run, Rappahannock, Cedar Mountain, beside being engaged in several skirmishes. His regiment was greatly diminished in numbers at Rappahannock, after which they were sent back to the fortifications at Washington. Mr. Allen was discharged at Washington City, February 28, 1865, when he returned to Tippecanoe County, Indiana, in which county he had settled in 1859. March 9, 1865, he was married to Elizabeth Jacoby, a daughter of Peter and Mary (Peters) Jacoby. Three children have been born to this union - Samuel S., born July 17, 1867, in Illinois; Mary J., born in Illinois, January 9, 1869; and Henry A., born in Colfax, January 9, 1880. Mr. Allen left Tippecanoe Connty in 1865, coming to Clinton County, and engaged in fanning near Mulberry until 1875. He then removed to Colfax and had charge of the old brick hotel for one year, after which he was in the employ of the American Express Company till 1883. He engaged in his present business July 16, 1885, and by his strict attention to business and good business management he has succeeded in establishing a good trade. In his political views Mr. Allen is a Republican.

Moses Allen, farmer, section 23, Perry Township, was born in Wayne Township, Bntler County, Ohio, July 27, 1807, and his seventy-seventh birthday occurred on the 7th day of the week. He was reared and educated in his native town, and remained with his parents until he was twenty-five years of age. He came to Clinton County in the spring of 1831 and worked through the summer, and in the fall returned to Ohio. This he did three successive years. February 13, 1831, he was married to Rachel Crnll, who was born in Scioto County, Ohio, March 1, 1813, where she remained twenty years, then went to visit her aunt in Butler County, where she met her husband and was married. They immediately came to this county, starting with two horses and the usual covered wagon. Mrs. Allen spun the cloth the cover was made of out of flax and Mr. Allen wove it. They were eleven days on the road, camping out at noon but stopping at houses at night. For several years they visited their parents in Ohio each year, going in covered wagons and camping out at night. Moses had entered eighty acres of land in 1829, on the prairie upon which he now settled. His brother Stephen had settled here in 1828. He also entered eighty acres of timber laud. Thei'e was no house on his place, and but little fencing. He had plowed and made some improvements when here the previous years. He soon built his log cabin, 16 x 18 feet, one story high. The neighbors came to his assistance as is usual in the pioneer life. His cabin had one door and one window. He moved into it April 13, 1834, and November 9, 1843, he moved into his new house that now stands upon the old farm. It is a two-story frame house, and when he built he sold a load of wheat at La Fayette for 30 cents a bushel to pay for nails at 10 cents a pound. The house cost $1,200. Moses was the son of Isaac and Elizabeth (Rush) Allen. His father was boru in Sussex County, New Jersey, near Sussex Ooart-House, where he remained until he reached his majority. He then removed to Greene County, Pennsylvania, where he was married, and where eight children were boru - Rebecca; Thomas, who was born December 3, 1796; James, now living in Montgomery County, Missouri; Stephen, born February 14, 1799; David, born February 22, 1801; Jesse, born in May, 1803, and John, in 1805. The family removed to Butler County, Ohio, which was then a new country. Here Moses was born, as heretofore stated, also Phiueas, born in 1809; Deborah, in 1811, and Lydia in 1813. All are dead except David, James and Moses. The mother was born in Greene County, Pennsylvania, where she was reared and married. Both parents died in Butler County. Mrs. Allen was the daughter of William and Euth (Stockham) Crull. Her father was born in Morgan County, Virginia, in 1778 and died February 3, 1836. Her mother was born Jannary 1, 1790, and died July 16, 1825. The brother and sisters of Mrs. Allen are as follows - Susanna B., born February 11, 1812; Anna, born September 30, 1814; Aseneth, bora June 4, 1816; Jemima, born March 8, 1818; Ezekiel, born April 22, 1820, and died May 8, 1822; Martha B., born July 29, 1822; Mary, born July 12, 1824. All are deceased except Mrs. Allen, Martha and Mary. The grandfather of Moses, Thomas Allen, was born in England. He was a carpenter by trade, and while carrying his tools on horseback, his horse became frightened, threw him off and caused his death. His grandmother was of "Welsh ancestry. The grandfather of Mrs. Allen, David Crull, was born in Germany, and first settled in Pennsylvania, but died in Scioto

County, Ohio. Her grandmother, Nancy (Bennett) Crull, was born in Morgan County, Virginia, and died in Scioto County. Mr. Allen owns eighty acres of land in Washington Township, section li, making a total of 240 acres. He has $1,400 worth of tiling. He is a Kepublican in politics, though formerly a Democrat and cast his first vote for General Jackson. Religiously he is a Universalist. Mrs. Allen is a Methodist. Mr. Allen frequently relates the following incident: In the spring of 1829, when he came here to enter his land, he met two Indians in company with three Ross boys. These boys told the Indians that Moses was a good wrestler, and one of the Indians challenged him to wrestle. They first took a side hold, the Indian having no clothing on except his blanket and a breech cloth. Moses, with his right hand, took hold of the breech cloth and his left hand grasped his bare thigli, and tlirew him the first motion, leaving the marks of his finger nails in the flesh and blood followed. The Indian then wanted to try aback hold. Mr. Allen again threw him quite hard, his weight falling upon him. This satisfied the Indian. He rose, gave a \vhoop and said, "A stout man you." They separated with the best of humor. Mr. and Mrs. Allen have had eleven children - William Harrison, born December 28, 1834, and died June 27, 1837; Isaac N., born January 22, 1837, died June 20, 1843; Elizabeth, born December 21, 1838, died September 19, 1870; Ann Eliza, born January 7, 1841, died April 19, 1864; Manford, born March 24, 1843, died October 27, 1866; John P., born February 11, 1845, the only son living; Martha J., born June 11, 1847; Mary Alice, born August 22, 1849, and died October 15, 1871; Cass and Kossuth (twins), born March 3, 1852, Kossuth died March 16, 1853, and Cass died December 25, 1860; Emma D., born September 16, 1854. Elizabeth married Hugh C. Ci-ockett, November 6, 1865 ; Ann Eliza married William Jenkins, December 22, 1859; John married Louisa HoUingworth, February 14, 1869; Martha J. married Wilton Hoskman, November 23, 1870; Mary married Daniel Webster Price, December 7, 1870; Emma was married May 22, 1878, to William J. Crull, and resides on the home farm. Mr. and Mrs. Allen celebrated their golden wedding February 13, 1S84. All the children and grandchildren came and brought presents to the aged couple. In the evening a band was organized among the grandchildren, who serenaded them. They gathered in the house and played on tin pans, tin cans, cow horns - a sort of burlesque on the old-fashioned charivari.

All the old neiojhbors and old settlers came to help enjoy tlie occasion. At one time Mr. Allen owned 1,100 acres of laud but he has sold and divided it till he now has 240 acres.

Samuel Anderson, farmer, section 24, Perry Township, was born in Clear Creek, Fairfield County, Ohio, February 19, 1809, where he lived until fifteen years of age, when the family moved to Madison County. His father died when he was six months old, leaving five children as follows - David, Nancy, Thomas, John, and Samuel, our subject. He was the youngest, and is the only one now living. He remained in Madison County until the spring of 1830, when he came to this county, and in the fall of the same year purchased land. He made a crop during the summer on some land rented of James Killgore, whose wife was a cousin of Mr. Anderson. There was a log cabin, 13 x 16 feet, on the place, one room that served as parlor, dining-room, bedroom and kitchen, and there were eight acres of clearing. In the fall he returned to Ohio for his family, which consisted of his wife and two children - ^Jeremiah and James. He first bought 240 acres, but afterward added many acres. He lived in the old log house two years, then built a new one uf hewed logs that is now torn down. He built his first frame house, which is a part of his present one, in 1835. It has been added to and improved so that it is quite comfortable. January 10, 1828, Samuel married Nancy Thomas, who was born in Grayson County, Virginia, May 22, 1805. When she was ten years old her parents moved to Madison County, Ohio, where she lived until her marriage. Her father was born in Orange County, North Carolina, and died in Madison County, Ohio. Her mother was born iu Virginia, and died at the home of Mrs. Anderson, where she was visiting. She died November 13, 1871, aged ninetj' years, and is buried in Jefferson Cemetery. Mrs. Anderson's grandfather, Griffith Thomas, was born in England, and was one of the first settlers of North Carolina. During the Revolutionary war the British took all of his stock, leaving nothing but the land. Her grandmother, Catherine (Hoflfraau) Thomas, was born in Germany. Samuel Anderson was the son of Elijah and Catherine (Miller) Anderson. His father was born iu Pennsylvania and removed to Fairfield County, Ohio, where he died in 1808. His mother was also born in Pennsylvania and died in Perry Township in 1848. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have had eleven children - Jeremiah, born October 26, 1828; James, born February 19, 1830; Elijah, born October 27, 1831; Griffith, born March 15, 1834; Samuel, born February 4, 1836; John, born March 19, 1838; David and Nancy (twins i, born December 7, 1841; Almeda, born April 27, 1843; Atuanda, born October 29, 1845; Joseph, born March 25, 1850, died June 19, 1853, and is buried in Jefferson Cemetery Mr. Anderson is a Democrat and a Methodist. Mrs. Anderson is a New Light. He came here with $250, bought his land and reared his family. He has acquired a competence, owning at one time 1,000 acres of laud, which he has divided among his children. He is hale and hearty and looking forward to a blessed immortality.

F. P. Bailey, farmer, sections 29, 10, 28, 7 and 34, Perry Township, was born in Morgan County, Virginia, April 10, 1823, and when he was five years of age the family moved to Ross County, Ohio, fifteen miles from Chillicothe, where they lived tliirteen years on rented land. In 1839 they moved to this county, where Mr. Bailey has since resided. His father, William Bailey, was born in Morgan County, Virginia, August 8, 1795, where he was reared and married to Drusilla Bore. He died April 13, 1864, on the old homestead, universally respected and beloved by all who knew him. His death cast a gloom over the whole neighborhood. He held the office of justice of the peace four years, and was never sued ill his life. The mother of F. P. was also born in Morgan County, February 17, 1797, and died January 29, 1859, in the hope of a blessed immortality. Both parents are buried in Shiloh Church Cemetery. Their children were - Jane, wile of Amaziah Gillfilling, born August 8, 1820, in Morgan County, now living in Polk County, Iowa, twelve miles southwest of Des Moines, Iowa; F.P.,the subject of this sketch; Samuel; Tighlman; Caroline, wife of Andrew McBride, who is now deceased; Sarah A.; Rosa; Ann, who first married Thomas Gillfilling, and after his death married Henry Stinson, and Silas. December 5, 1843, Mr. Bailey married Hagar Johnston, daughter of Enoch and Catherine (Shob) Johnston, who was born in Ross County, Ohio, November 8, 1825. Her parents were natives of Virginia, where they were reared and married, and then moved to Ross County. They came to this county after Hagar was grown. The father died in this county, and the mother in Tippecanoe County; both are buried in Laramie Township. Mrs. Bailey died April 13, 1880, and is buried in Shiloh Church Cemetery. Eleven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Bailey, viz. - Nancy J., born December 8, 1844, married Rush Myers; William M., born October 15, 1846, died December 5,

1883; Charlotte C, born April 2, 1849; Drusilla S., born June 4, 1851, and died October 8, 1866; Tilman H., born June 5, 1853, and died Febrnary 20, 1878; Burr, born September 11, 1855; Noah J., born July 28, 1857; Zed, born June 5, 1859, died August 8, following, and is buried in Tippecanoe County; Marseline, born March 31, 1862, and died August 4, 1884; Fannie B., born November 25, 1866, and died April 13, 1886; and Owen C, born July 7, 1870. Thomas Bailey the grandfather of F. P., was a son of an Irishman who came to America with his iaraily and settled in Morgan County, Virginia, where he died. His Grandfather Bore was of German descent. Mr. Bailey owns 361 acres of land in Ferry Township and 160 acres in Sumner County, Kansas. After his marriage he rented land several years, and then purchased the land he had rented. He served as coun^j^ commissioner two terms and has been township trustee three years. He was once elected justice of the peace, but did not qualify. In politics he is a Democrat, as was his father also.

G. B. Blacker, a resident of Perry Township, living on section 13, was born in Ross County, Ohio, near Chillicothe, September 11, 1822, a son of Luke and Rebecca (Osborn) Blacker, and of German descent. The father was a native of Virginia, born and reared to manliood near Winchester, and was there married to Rebecca Osborn. They were the parents of the following children - Robert, who enlisted in the late war from Illinois, and died in the hospital; Henry, supposed to be living in Oregon; Betsy, wife of Spencer Dukes, of Hoopeston, Illinois; William and Jacob both died in Perry Township, Clinton County; Joseph, died in Minnesota; James, living in Kansas; Gren B., whose name heads this sketch; Augustiu, died at Jonesborough, Georgia, during the late war; Catherine, wife of William Lane, of Champaign County, Illinois; and Rebecca, who died in Clinton County. The parents continued to reside in Yirgina for a few years after their marriage, when they removed to Ross County, Ohio, and subsequently came with their family to Clinton County, Indiana, and settled in Perry Township on wild land, which the father had entered from the Government. The family lived the first few days in a tent nntil the small log cabin in which they spent eight or nine years was built. Their next dwelling was a two-story hewed log house, and was at that time one of the best residences in the township. In this house the parents spent their last days, both dying when about seventy years of age. G. B. Blacker, our subject, was reared on a farm, receiviag but limited educational advantages. He was married February i, 184i, to Miss Isabella Hintoa, who was born September 4, 1825, in Ross County, Ohio, coming to Clinton County, Iowa, with her parents, JVIichael and Rachel (Polfinbarger) Hinton, where she was married. Mr. and Mrs. Blacker have had eight children - John H., died April 26, 1879; Rachel E., died October 2, 1847; Henry C, died October 1, 1847; Miranda J., wife of Robert Caldwell; John M. ; Hannah M., wife of Stephen Jet; James "W., and Squire F. Mr. Blacker has made farming his principal avocation through life, and is now the owner of a good farm of 160 acres where he resides. He has served his township as road supervisor. In politics he votes the Democratic ticket. Mrs. Blacker, in religious faith is a Methodist.

John D. Blacker, senior member of the general mercantile firm of Blacker & Coj'uer, is a native of Clinton County, Indiana, born within one and a half miles of Colfax, February 15, 1849, a son of Luke and Mary (Crick) Blacker. His mother was born in Augusta County, Maine, in 1815, wiiere she was reared and married to Luke Blacker, and to this union were born two children - John D., our subject, and Ellen J., wife of Everett Dukes. Mrs. Blacker was a widow at the time of her marriage with Mr. Blacker, and by her first husband had eight children - Robert, Joseph, James, Henry, Greeubury, William, Jacob, Augustus and Catherine. Mr. Blacker died in Perry Township in 1854, and his widow subsequently re-mariied. John D. Blacker, our subject, was reared to manhood on his step-father's farm, living with his mother till her death. He followed farming pursuits until March, 1882, when he engaged in the mercantile business under the firm name of Clark & Blacker, at Colfax. This firm continued until May 18, 1884, when Ennis Coyner purchased the interest of Mr. Clark, when the present firm of Blacker & Coyner was formed. Both men are possessed of good business management,and by their gentlemanly deportment and strict attention to the wants of their customers they have succeeded in establishing a good trade. In Ids political views Mr. Blacker is a Republican. He has served four years as township trustee, his term of office expiring in the spring of 1885. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and a much respected member of society.

William Daewin Cl.uik was born in Wolcott, Wayne County, New York, October 20, 1822, where he was reared till sixteen years of age. In the spring of 1837 his father had gone to Gibson

County,. Indiana, and established a store on the line of the Wabash & Erie Canal, and in the- fall of the same year sent for his son, "W. D., to assist him in the store. William D. started for Indiana in the spring of 1839, intending to go by water to Ashtabula, thence down the canal to the Ohio River, but on Lake Erie a fearful storm arose, causing him to suffer much from sea-sickness, so that he left the boat as soon as reaching the Erie Harbor, intending to go the rest of the way by stage. He took a stage for Pittsburg across the Allegheny Mountains, expecting to take a river steamer there, but found the river frozen over at that place. He then proceeded to Wheeling by stage, the river being frozen at this point also, and the seats in the next stage all engaged. He then determined with a few others to foot it to Cincinnati, taking the boat from there to Louisville, where he took another boat for Evansville, Indiana. About half way between the two cities the boat grounded on a bar, when he took another boat. He told the clerk on this boat that he had no money, but on reaching his friends in Evansville he would be able to pay his fare. The clerk trusted him, and aB soon as he reached Evansville he borrowed the money from his nncle. He then paid his fare, the clerk telling him that he had proved himself a gentleman. He was then taken to his father's store, about thirty miles distant. He carried on the business with his father for two years, when he sold his interest to Willard Carpenter and went to VandTrhnrgh County, Indiana, where he spent five years. He then bou^lit a farm in Carroll County, Indiana, near Delphi, where he resided till 1856. His father having died in 1850, the care of the mother and younger children fell on him, he caring for them till his m uriage. which occurred February 21, 1856. His wife, Sarah Ann Scholield, was born April 14, 1834, a daughter of James and Elizabeth (Murphy) Schofield, both being natives of Warren County, Ohio. In 1846 Mr. Schofield removed with his family to Carroll County, Indiana, Mrs. Clark then being twelve years old. Both parents died at the home of their son, in Lebanon, Indiana, the father in 1880, aged over eighty years, the mother dying a few months later. In his political views Mr. Clark is a Kepublican. In religious belief he is a Presbyterian, and his wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Clark's father was born in New York City, July 10, 1796, his father dying when he was an infant. The mother subsequently married again and moved to Wayne County, New York. Our subject's father was reared to manhood in Wayne County, and there married Susanna Upson, January 31, 1822, she being the mother of our subject. She was born in Connecticut, November 21, 1802, her parents moving to Wayne County, New York, when she was a child. Mr. Clark's grandfather, Josiah Upson, first settled in Wayne County, New York, living there till his death in his ninetyninth year.

Jacob Cotnek, section 33, Perry Township, was born in Greene County, Ohio, near Xenia, January 18, 1820, a son of Michael Coyner. When he was ten years of age his parents moved to Clinton County, Indiana, and settled in Ferry Township. When he was sixteen years old he worked for his gi-andfather, John Peterson, a year for $50, and with the money bought forty acres of Government laud. He built a house on the land and partly improved it, and subsequently exchanged it for eighty acres where he now lives. To this he added until he now owns 424 acres of fine land. He was married October 18, 1841, to Hannah Little, a native of Hamilton County, Ohio, born June, 1823, a daughter of Israel and Betsey (Martin) Little. They have eight children - William, Phoebe F., Joseph, John, Orlando, Margaret, Martin and Minnie.

Martin Cotnee, one of the prominent early settlers of Perry Township,lives on section 4, where he has eighty-eight acres of land, and also has ninety-one acres adjoining on section 3, making a fine farm of 179 acres. He came to Clinton County with his parents in November, 1831. His father, Michael Coyner, entered 240 acres of Government land near Prairieville, in the spring of 1831, and remained long enough to break some of the land, put in some sod corn and partly build a log cabin, which was finished by his neighbors, and then returned to Ohio for his family. A few years later he built a hewed log house, to which a frame addition was afterward made. Michael Coyner was born in Augusta County, Virginia, January 29, 1798, a son of Jacob Coyner. When a young man he accompanied his parents to Koss County, Ohio, and there his father died in 1826, his mother surviving her husband about fourteen years. He was married in Ross County to Phoebe Peterson, also a native of Yirginia, born near Petersburg, March 24, 1797, a daughter of John Peterson. Both families were of German descent. Mr. Coyner died on the farm where he first settled, in Clinton County, September 1, 1851, having lived to see it change from a timbered tract to a highly productive farm. His family consisted of eleven children - Jacob, John, Martin, David,

"William, Mary, Elizabeth, Fannie, Susannah, Phoebe J. and Melissa, all of whom, save John, are living. Martin Coyner was reared a farmer's boy, receiving but a limited education in the pioneer district schools. After attaining his majority he bought a small piece of land and commenced farming for himself. He paid for his land, and added to it from time to time until he had his present valuable farm. In 1844 and 1845 he made three trips with his father and brothers to Illinois and Wisconsin, driving cattle to sell to the settlers. He was married January 20, 1848, to Susan Robinson, a native of Perry County, Indiana, born January 7, 1824, a daughter of Andrew and Harriet (Rosencranz) Robinson. Her father was born in Ireland in 1787, and when fourteen years old came to the United States, and lived in Rome, New York, until manhood, and was there married, subsequently moving to Clinton County, where he died October 17, 1867. Her mother was born in February, 1791, and died July 29, 1873. To Mr. and Mrs. Coyner were born eight children - Harriet M., born October 4, 1849, is the wife of William Benefiel, of Frankfort, Indiana; John T. and William M., twins, born March 4, 1852, died at birth; Ennis M., born February 28, 1853, is a prosperous merchant of his native town, Colfax; Frank B., born September 10, 1855, considers a farmer's life the surest road to wealth, and is tilling the old home farm; Samuel A., born June 29, 1858, graduated from Valparaiso in August of 1884, has chosen law as his profession, and is considered one of the most brilliant young attorneys in the city of Frankfort; Florence P., born November 19, 1860, is an accomplished young lady, possessing many virtues worthy example and revered by all for her hospitality, piety and earnest devotion to principles of right; Albert G., born February 13, 1864, spent his early years on the farm, improving his spare moments by hard study. He began teaching in common schools at eighteen years of age, and adopted medicine as his profession, pursuing his studies in Illinois under Dr. Culver, an eminent physician of Champaign County, and later with the family physician, Dr. Parker, of Colfax. He expects to graduate from Miami Medical College, Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1888, and practice his profession in the sister State of Illinois. Mrs. Coyner died May 25, 1877. She was an earnest, Christian woman, a kind neighbor and friend, and a devoted wife and mother. Mr. Coyner affiliates with the Republican party, but is no politician, preferring the quiet of his farm life to that of a public official.

William T. Dunbar has been a resident of Colfax, Clinton County, since 1880, coming here in December of that year, when he engaged in the furniture business with E. H. Johnson. They conducted the business under the firm name of Johnson & Dunbar until 1883, when Mr. Dunbar sold his interest to his partner, and at once engaged in the drug business, buying out the business of Dr. Leander Ewing. He carries a full line of drugs, druggists' sundries and groceries, and by strict attention to his customers he is building up a good business. He has met with much success through life, being one of the enterprising young business men of the tnwn, and is the owner of the building where lie carries on his business. Mr. Dunbar is a native of this State, born in Montgomery County, May 22, 1850, and was brought up on a farm till twenty-one years of age. He then went to Bovvers Station, where he was engaged in the mercantile business for one year. He then sold out to his uncle, Lewis M. Dunbar, after which he was engaged in clerking in various places for four years. March 2, 1876, lie was married to Miss Atlanta Peterson, who was born in Montgomery County, Indiana, February 2, 1858, where she was reared and educated. Her father, Solomon W. Peterson, is now deceased, and her mother, Jane (Dain) Peterson, is making her home with her daughter Melinda, wife of Silas Peterson, he lieiug one of the richest men in Montgomery County, and has represented his county in the State Legislature. Mr. and Mrs. Dnnbar have two children - Gracie M., born in Montgomery County in December, 1877, and Silas Eoy, born in Clinton County, March 8, 1880. Mr. Dunbar's parents, Silas and Mary J. (Bnrkhalter) Dunbar, were both of German descent. The father was born in Ohio in March, 1829, coming to Montgomery County, Indiana, with his pirents when a child, where his father entered a large tract of land. Silas Danbar is still living in Montgomery County, and is a widower, his wife having died when our subject was eight years old. The Grandfather Burkhalter, was a minister of the Christian denomination, and for a long time preached in Boone County, Indiana, and at the same time carried on the mercantile trade. He was a soldier during the war of the Kebellion, returning home when seventy-two years of age. He had a son who enlisted in the array when nineteen years old, and was killed in battle.

Thomas Ewing, one of the founders of Kossville, was born in Union County, Indiana, July 11, 1805, a son of John and Margaret Ewing. His father died July 23, 1828, aged fifty years, and his mother May 11, 1866, aged eiglity-two years. Mr. Ewing was reared and educated iu his native county and was there married, November 18, 1830, to Miss Elizabeth Ferguson, a native of Indiana County, Pennsylvania, born July 25,, 1810, a daughter of William and Mary C. (Craven) Ferguson, natives also of Indiana County, Pennsylvania, tlie father born September 22, 1Y79, and the mother September 17, 1782. In 1832 Mr. and Mrs. Ewing, with their eldest child, came to Clinton County, and settled on the site of what is now Rossville, entering 160 acres of land north of Main street. Their first house was but a temporary shelter, made by putting some posts in the ground and covering thetn with clapboards. Some logs were rolled up to one side of the square and thus was made the fireplace by which the cooking was done until time was had to build their rude log cabin. This latter was made of round logs, and after it was up Mr. Ewing hewed down the sides with a broad ax. This house was the home of the family several years, and then a double log house was built near the center of the farm. Rossville was laid out by Mr. Ewing and Thomas Smith, whose greatest ambition at the time was to have a blacksmith's shop located there, little dreaming that a town of the magnitude and prosperity of Rossville would ever rise on the site, and be a monument long after their death of their enterprise and zeal. Mr. Ewing lived to see this wonderful change. The heavily timbered land was cleared and prosperous villages and thrifty farms took the place of the forest, transforming the scene of nature's wildness into that of cultivated beauty. His death occurred July 2, 1878. He and his wife were returning liome from a visit to a daughter in Arkansas, and the steamer Capital City was burned and two lives were lost, Mr. Ewing being one of them. Mrs. Ewing was saved, and lived until November 30, 1885, dying at the residence of her dauo'hter, Mrs. Parker. She had been a member of the Presbyterian church since 1828, and was an earnest Christian woman. Mr. and Mrs. Ewing had a family of eight children - William J., born October 4, 1831, in Union County, Indiana, died May 12, 1874; John M., born June 26, 1833, died May 23, 1839; Mary, born April 23, 1836, died May 16, 1839; Leander, born April 1, 1840; Margaret J., born January 23, 1842; Sarah E., born October 23, 1843, died June 15, 1880; Henry C, born April 10, 1845, died August 5, ISSO; Charlotte A., born November 3, 1854.

to manhood on a farm, his education being obtained principally in the subscription schools of his native county, having had the benefit of the public school but two terms. In 1863 he enlisted in Company H, One Hundred and Fifteenth Indiana Infantry, to serve six months, and during most of his term of service he was with his regiment in East Tennessee under General Burnside. He was mustered out at Indianapolis when he re-enlisted in Company E, Twenty-first Indiana Infantry, to serve one year. Soon after his enlistment his regiment became known as the First Indiana Heavy Artillery, and for eight months was stationed at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, doing fort and garrison duty. He was mustered out at Baton Rouge, when he returned to his home in Putnam County, where he farmed on rented land for three years. He then entered the employ of the Indiana, Bloomington & Western Railroad Company, wiiere he was engaged for two years as trackman and section foreman. He was then engaged for two years as night watchman of a coal bin on the Kankakee route, when he became foreman of the same bin, a position lie has since filled, and by his strict attention to his duties he is giving good satisfaction to his company. Mr. Harris was united in marriage January 4, 1868, to Rebecca J. Scott, who was born near the home of her husband in Putnam County, in 1S51, where she was reared, a daughter of Archibald and Ruhama (Myers) Scott. Mr. and Mrs. Harris have had five children born to them, as follows - Francis M., born January 12, 1869 ; Alice M., born May 26, 1871; Sarah E., born April 30, 1873, now deceased; John C, born July 18, 1874, and William J., born February 24, 1885. In politics Mr. Harris affiliates with the Republican party. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. His father, Paul Harris, was a native of England, his wife being a native of Wales, born October 5, 1812. They were married before coming to America, their eldest child, Joseph, then an infant, dying on the ocean while they were crossing. They immediately located in Putnam County, Indiana, on coming to this country, where the father made his home till his death. Four of liis children still survive - John W. , our subject, and three daughters, Mary J., wife of William Kesterson, of Putnamville, Indiana; Catherine M., wife of Robert Thompson, of Boone County, Indiana, and Anna M., wife of S. W. Turner, of Hartford City, Indiana. After the father's death the mother was subsequently married to William Nuttle, and to this union were born three children - Emily, deceased, wife of Charles W. Brown;

Martha L., wife of Tho.iias AUeu, of Colfax, Indiana, and Isaac, who was born March 25, 1856, and married to Miss Magirie Hunter in December, 1884. Mr. Nuttle died in 1873, and the mother is now making her home with her son Isaac. She is an earnest member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Enos Habshman, farmer, sections 26, 23, 34, 40 and 27, came to this county in 1829, with his parents and six children, whose names are as follows - Jonathan, born in ISTovember, 1819, died in 1840, and is buried on the farm owned by John Seager; Moses, horn March 26, 1821;\Enos, born December 22, 1822; Aaron, born in 1829. and died in 1843, and is buried beside Jonathan; Harriet died in 1844, aged fifteen years; Oliver died in 1878, aged fifty-two years. Three were born in this county - Polly, wife of Daniel Nichols, and living In Perry Township; Martin Van Buren, living in Kansas, and Henry C, living in Madison Township. The'parents were Henry and Molly (Fo2;le) Harshman. His father was born in Eockingham County, Yirginia, December 22, 1797. His parents moved to Greene Couutv, Ohio, where he was reared and married, and died in Madison Township, this county, August 20, 1843, and is buried in John Seager's cemetery. The mother was born in Maryland, February 8. 1800. She was quite young when her parents moved to Greene County, Ohio. She died in this county at the home of Moses Harshman, in May, 1876, and is buried in Jeflerson Cemetery. The grandfather of Enos, Peter Harshman, was born in Germany, came to America when a yonng man and served seven years in the Revolutionary war. He afterward settled in Rockingham County, Virginia, where he was married, and after a few years moved to Greene County, Ohio, where he died in the fall of 1827, aged eighty-two years. His Grandmother Harshman was an English woman and lived in Greene County. Enos has always resided in this county, except five weeks in Tennessee during the war. He was married in 1847, to Elizabeth Harshman, daughter of Charles and Catherine (Whitsle) Harshman, who was born in Washington Township, this county, in 1830. Her father was born in Rockingham County, Virginia, died in Washington Township, aged seventy-seven years, and is buried in Jefferson Cemetery. Her mother was born in Preble County, Ohio, died in Washington Township, and is buried beside lier husband. Mrs. Harshman died in March, 1848. Mr. Harshman was a second time married August 20, 1848, to Nancy J. Timmons, daughter of Perry S.and Mary (Dukes) Timmons, who was born August 3, 1826, in Ross County, Ohio. She came to this county with her parents in the spring of 1829, her family settling near Jefferson. Her father died in Perry Township of milksickness. The mother also died in this township. Mr. and Mrs. Harshman have had ten children - Mary E.,' John H. (deceased), ZerJina J., Willard M., Oliver P., Florence, Almeda J., Enos C. and Thomas (deceased). Mr. Harshman's father and all his sons, except Moses, were Democrats. "When the family came to this county deer and bears were very plentiful. His father at one time killed three bears as fast as he could load his gnn.

Benjamin F. Hayden, druggist, Colfax, Indiana, a son of Joseph B. and Margaret (McComas) Bayden, was born in Union County, Indiana, December 28, 1846. He spent his youth in assisting on the home farm and working in a grist-mill till fifteen years of age. He then went to an academy at Dunlapsville, Indiana, where he spent two years, after which he went to Peoria, where he attended the Ingleside Academy during the summer for two years, teaching school during the winter terms. He then went to Miami College, intending to graduate, but before doing so left school on account of the death of his father. He then, in 1869, engaged in the drug business at Liberty, Indiana. January 27, 1870, he was married to Jane H. Gardner, a native of Union Count}', Indiana, born December 22, 1850, a daughter of Heilry and A.nn H. (Maxwell) Gardner, the father born in North Carolina, and died April 20, 1885, aged fifty-nine years, and the mother born in Union County, Indiana, in 1830, now living in Crawfoi'dsville, Indiana. Mr. and Mrs. Hayden have had five children born to them - Charles L., Clara B. (died in December, 1884, aged twelve years), Alfred E., Thomas E. and Albert (died June 12, 1886, aged seven months). Mr. Hayden came to Clinton County, Indiana, May 12, 1872, and has since been a resident of Colfax. He then established his present drug business in partnership with E. M. Teegarden, they erecting the present building and putting in the stock. This partnership continued till 1881 when he bought his partner's interest, and has since carried on the business alone, witligood success. In politics Mr. Hayden is a Eepublican. From 1875 till 1884 he served efliciently as village treasurer. His father was a native of Fayette County, Pennsylvania, born July 17, 1808, of Scotch descent. He was reared from his sixth year in Union County, Indiana, living there till his death, which occurred in June, 1868. He joined the Masonic fraternity at the age of nineteen* years. Before he was of age he voted; and was obliged to work the roads, pay his taxes, stand the draft and muster as State militia. His father, Stephen Hayden, lived in the one house daring his life, in which time the name of the county in which he lived was changed three times. Our subject's mother was a native of Lewis County, Kentucky, a daughter of Taylor McComas, who was of Irish descent, he settling in Union County, Indiana, about tlie same time as Mr. Hayden's family. Mrs. Hayden wrote her epitaph the day before her death, as follows: " Here lies Margaret McComas, the wile of Joseph B. Hayden, born in Lewis County, Kentucky, February 17, 1810, and married to Joseph B. Hayden, June 22, 1828, and died in Liberty, April 20, 1882. Separated in life, but united in death," the date of death being added. Our subject's great-grandfathers, on the mother's side, Rollins and McComas, came to Kentucky with Daniel Boone. Rollins was killed by the Indians. Six sons and one daughter accompanied him, the daughter being the wife of T. McComas. The sons, determined to avenge their father's death, engaged in war with the Indians in company with T. Mc- Comas, and five of the six sons were killed. Great-grandfather McComas was drowned in the Ohio River near Maysville, Kentucky, by the upsetting of his canoe amid floating ice.

E. H. Johnson, furniture dealer and undertaker, and dealer in musical instruments, was born in Monmouth County, New Jersey, October 2, 1830, and when live years of age was taken by his parents, (ileorge and Ann Johnson, to Butler County, Ohio, where he was reared to manhood, his education being obtained in the common schools of that county. He lived on the home farm till , he was seventeen years old, when he went to Bethany, Butler County, and tiiere learned the blacksmith's trade from James Elliott, who is now a resident of Hamilton, Clinton County, Indiana. After learning his trade he traveled in many cities, working at his trade. In April, 1853, he borrowed money from his father in order to go to California. He remained there eigiit years and four months, engaged in blacksmithing and mining, nnd during that time accumulated considerable wealth. He returned by the Panama route in August, 1861, and in the fall of the same year left his home in Butler County, Ohio, and settled in Shelby County, Indiana, wiiere he established his first shop, remaining there till the spring of 1865. Marcli 3, 1863, he was married to Martha Seward, daughter of John and Amanda (Applegate) Seward, natives of Ohio, the father now living in Shelby County, Indiana, at an advanced age. Of the tive children boru to Mr. and Mrs. Johnson four are living - Anna A., born in Shelby County, Indiana, September 24, 1868; Bertha A., born in Shelby County, October 22, 1872; Cadus, born in Clinton County, February 14, 1879, and Hallie, also born in Clinton County, January 4, 1883. Alfred, born in October, 1865, died in Shelby County, in September, 1867. Mr. Johnson was engaged in mercantile pursuits in Shelby County, Indiana, from 1865 until the spring of 1872, when he sold out his business. He came to Colfax, Clinton County, January 1, 1874, when he engaged in the general mercantile business in the store in which we now find him. He sold out his stock in 1880 and retired from business life, thinking he had accumulated sufficient means, but after being idle a year he established his present business, being associated with W. T. Dunbar for almost two years. Mr. Dunbar then sold his interest to his partner and engaged in the drng business, since which Mr. Johnson has conducted the business alone, and for the past six months has carried on a very profitable trade. He owns the brick business house where he is located beside his tine residence, where he is surrounded with all the comforts of life. Mr. Johnson has been a member of the school board for the past six years, and is now serving as its president. In politics he is a Republican. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson and their two eldest children are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Joiinson's father was a native of Monmouth County, 'Sew Jersey, born April 12, 1784, and was there married to Ann Hulitt, who was a native of the same county. Ten of their eleven children were born in New Jersey, the youngest being a native of Ohio, Mr. Johnson being the eighth child. Of this family four sons and three daughters are yet living. They moved to Butler County, Ohio, in 1835, the parents living there till their death, the father dying in October, 1863. He was reared in the Quaker faith, but after moving to Ohio joined the Methodist church.

Lewis F. Johnson, one of the prosperous and enterprising farmers of Perry Township, living on sections 20 and 21, was boru in Tippecanoe Count}', Indiana, February 12, 1837, where he was reared to manhood. His parents, Abner and Hannah (Fuller) Johnson, were married in Tippecanoe County in 1836, and to tbem were born seven children - Lewis F. ; Anna, wife of B. P. Stiffleibeam; Jeanette married John J. Bear, and died, leaving her husband and five children; Frank was drowned when about seventeen years old, by the np-setting of a skiff; Marcia F. married E. B. Martin, and died, leaving her husband and one son, the latter now deceased; Miriam, wife of Francis S. Lintz; and Charles H., who died at Marietta, Georgia, just after his graduation from the Philadelphia Medical University, being one of twelve who passed hi&~ examination out of 300 candidates. The father of our subject was born in the valley of the Miami River, February 4, 1814, of Scotch and Irish ancestry, a son of Albert and Mary (Parsons) Johnson. When about sixteen years of age he moved with his parents to Tippecanoe County, Indiana, where he died December 2, 1885, and is buried on the old farm in the family cemetery, where are also buried the great-grandfather and grandfather of our subject. The mother of our subject was born in Athens County, Ohio, in 1817, coming with her parents, Joseph and Anna Fuller, to Tippecanoe County when a child, where she was reared and married to Abner Johnson. Her parents both died in that county. Our subject's parents were both devoted members of the Methodist church. His paternal grandparents settled in Ohio when there were only three houses built in Cincinnati. They died in Tippecanoe County, the grandfather in 1830, aged fifty-one years, and the grandmother in 1878, at the age of seventy-eight years. The maternal grandparents of our subject also died in Tippecanoe County, the grandfather dying some two years after settling there, and the grandmother about twenty years later. The father of our subject was a man of great strength and was a hard worker all his life. He stood six feet one inch high and his weight was over 200 pounds. He could make 300 rails in a day, and in one day he cut seven acres of oats. He left at his death an estate valued at $60,000, which he had accumulated by his own industry and good management, with the exception of 147 acres which he had inherited from his father. Mr. Lewis F. Johnson, whose name heads this sketch, has been twice married. For his first wife he married Maggie R. Fowler, January 1, 1861. She was born near Lexington, Kentucky, March 8, 1842, a daughter of William A. and Jane (Riley) Fowler, who were born, reared and married in Kentucky, her father born in the year 1804, near Lexington. When Mrs. Johnson was a child her parents came to Clinton County, Indiana, and settled near Frankfort. The father bought the farm which is now occupied by Lewis F. Johnson, which he brought from a wild, uncultivated tract to a well-improved farm. He built a frame house on this land which is now used by Mr. Johnson as an ice-house, corn bin and summer kitchen. Mrs. Fowler died on this farm, leaving live children - Elizabeth, John, Maggie, Henry and Sanauel. Mr. Fowler was again married, to Sarah Bazelle, a native of Clinton County, who died on the home farm about 1863, leaving five children - Mattie, Ciiarles, Finley, George and Nancy. Mr. Fowler was married a third time, to the widow of Rev. Elder Winans. He died on the old homestead where he first settled in this county, January 3, 1873. Mrs. Johnson died July 23, 1875, and is buried in the Johnson family cemetery in Tippecanoe County. Mr. Johnson was married a second time, November 20, 1876, to Angeline Craiu, born in Montgomery County, Indiaua, November 4. 1854, a daughter of Ellas and Asenath (Jones) Crain, both born in Montgomery County, Ohio. They have three children living - Joseph, born August 10, 1877; Charlie, born December 22, 1879, and Omar, born June 20, 1883. By his first wife Mr. Johnson had five children - Abner, born in Tippecanoe County, October 20, 1861; John, born in Tippecanoe County, April 6, 1863; Adora, born March 26, 1866, died of consumption October 14-, 1881; Grant, born November 9, 1868, and Lewis R., born November 17, 1872, died September 4, 1873. Mr. Johnson came to Clinton County in the spring of 1870, and has since resided on his present farm, which contains 374 acres of choice land in a high state of cultivation. When he first settled here only one-half of his land was under cultivation, and now every foot that is cleared can be used. He has on his farm 3,000 rods of tile. His large and substantial brick residence, which was erected in 1877, is one of the finest in Perry Township. The size is 41 x 35 feet with eleven foot ceilings, and was erected at a cost of $3,000. Mr. Johnson is classed among the best citizens of the township, where he is held in high esteem by all who know him.

Jesse Lane was born in Fayette County, Ohio, November 26, 1828, a son of Joseph and Mary (Collins) Lane. His father was born in Delaware, March 10, 1800, and was left an orphan when quite young. The children, three in number, himself and two sisters, Catherine and Susan, were separated and bound out. He afterward found his sister Catherine, but Susan was never heard from by him. He was four times married. His first wife at her death left one son - William. He afterward married Mrs. Mary (Collins) Parker, a widow with two sons, and to them were born four sons - John, Jesse, Solomon and David.

In the fall of 1832 they moTed to Clinton County, Indiana, and settled on section 34, Perry Township. There was a small roundlog house on the place and in this the family lived a few years, -when Mr. Lane erected a large, hewed-log house with a stoop in front, which was a palace in those days. The mother died in April, 1833, the father surviving until April 30, 1874. Jesse Lane remained at home until his marriage, April 26, 1849, to Miss Prudence "White. She was born in Dearborn County, Indiana, January 4, 1831, accompanying her parents to Clinton County when a child. After his marriage Mr. Lane engaged in farming on his own account and now has 474 acres of valuable land, located on sections 33, 34 and 35, his residence being in the southeast quarter of section 34. He has been a prominent man in his township. Mrs. Lane died August 15, 1875, leaving ttn children and two preceded her to the better land - Willis A., Joseph A. (died aged sixteen months), Edgar W., Ollie J. (wife of William Fitch, died June 4, 1875), Beverly W., Daniel H., Yiolet May (wife of Elias Dunbar), Judson T. (died May 9, 1884), Mary Annette (wife of Morton Dunbar), Sarah C, Ilalph Owen and Emma D. January 23, 1876, Mr. Lane married Rachel Morehead, who was born May 10, 1838, in Hamilton County, Ohio, but has lived in Clinton County since her infancy. They have one child - Lotta. Mr. and Mrs. Lane are members of the Methodist Episcopal church.

David Lanum, dealer in grain, lumber, coal, etc., Colfax, Indiana, has been a resident of this county ten years. From 1876 to 1878, he was engaged in the drug business with Levi Tharp, under the firm name of Tharp & Laiium. He then went to Crawfordsville and for two years was engaged in the manufacture of cigars, returning to Colfax in 1880, and was there engaged in general merchandising five years. December ] 5, 1885, he sold out his business interests to J. H. Girt, and has since dealt in lumber, coal, grain, etc., in company with Lewis C. Dukes, they controlling this branch of business in Colfax, each owning an elevator, but carrying on the business in partnership. Mr. Lanam is also interested in the manufacture of tile at Templeton, Benton County, Indiana, having as a partner G. H. Sinclair, who conducts the business. Mr. Lanum is an enterprising business man and stands high in the estimation of his fellow-townsmen. He is now serving his second term as clerk and also as treasurer of Colfax. In politics he is a Republican. Mr. Lanum was born in Boone County, In- diana, September 30, 1856. When fourteen years of age he went to Lebanon and attended school nearly two years, leaving when within two months of graduation to take charge of a school. He taught the spring and winter terms of 1874, and then engaged to work for the National Publishing Company, of Chicago, remaining with them a year, when he located iu Clinton County. Mr. Laiium is a son of Thomas S. and Catherine (Fall) Lanum. His mother died when he was five years old. His father is a native of Morgan County, Ohio, born in 1829. He was married October 19, 1881, to Miss Mary Bradburn, who was born in Hebron, Indiana, May 27, 1859. They have one child - May, born May 19, 1885.

Yalentine Foffinbarger was a native of Pennsylvania, born near the present site of Harrisburg, July 21, 1800, of German descent. His mother died when lie was two weeks old and he was taken to the home of an aunt with whom he remained until fourteen years old, when he went with an uncle, Samuel Sprangler, to Ohio, remaining with him nineteen years. He was married in Hocking County, Ohio, in 1833, to Sarah Plotner, a native of that county, born March 3, 1813. In 1835 they moved to Clinton County, Indiana, and settled in Perry Township, one and a half miles east of Colfax, where they made a pleasant home, and there Mr. Poffinbarger died March 28, 1872, his wife surviving him less than two years, her death occurring January 31, 1874. They had a family of eight children - Jordan D., Benjamin F. (died July 30, 1886), Sarah J., Elizabeth, Rachel M., Barbara, Isabella and Mary.

J. L. Reckakd, general merchant, Colfax, was born August 7, 1843, in Marietta, Washington County, Ohio, a son of Alviu and Esther (Brown) Reckard, the father a native of Marietta, Ohio, born July 17, 1S16, and the mother born in New YorkCitj', August 2, 1820. Alviu Reckard died July 17, 1882, and is buried at his birtliplace. He was married at Marietta, his wife having come to that place with her parents in early life. Eight children were bora to them - Mary, wife of George Davenport; Frank B., a resident of Englewood, near Chicago, Illinois; J. L., our subject; William L., living at Marietta, Ohio; George W., of Crawfordsville, Indiana; Ella, wife of Rev. S. F. Sharpless, of Bainbridge, Ohio; Joseph A., of Peoria, Illinois, and Nathan F., also a resident of Peoria, Illinois. J. L. was reared in Marietta, Ohio, remaining there till 1862 when he enlisted iu Company H, Seventh Ohio Cavalry, in September of that year. He served a year in

Kentucky, when he was sent to East Tennessee, and served under General Burnside at Knuxville and vicinity. His regiment was within seven miles of Andersonville Prison when the flag of truce came. They were tlien ordered to halt, and went into camp tor a few days. His regiment then spent a few days at Macon, Georgia, then encamped on the camp -ground at Atlanta. Mr. Eeckard was then on guard duty around Nasliville with his regiment for a time, and for four weeks liad charge of Government horses. After serving for three years he was mustered out at Nasliville, receiving an honorable discharge in August, 1865. He then returned to his home in Marietta, and for a short time was engaged with his father in the oil business. He then engaged in the mercantile business at Newport, Ohio, in partnership with George Davenport, with whom he was associated for three years. He then bought out his partner's interest and continued the business alone for two years, when he again engaged in the oil business with a company composed of five men, sinking wells and leasing lands for about six years. By this enterprise he lost about $2,000 besides his time when he concluded to try a safer pursuit. He therefore rented land and began farming, which he followed with fair success for three years, when he was appointed deputy sheriff of his native county, a position he tilled three years. In the meantime he had bought eleven acres of land which he had sold at an advance on the purchase price. He then went to Crawfordsville, Indiana, where he lived on a rented farm for awhile, and in 1878 came to Clinton County. and for three years followed farming within a mile of Colfax. He came to Colfax in 1881, when he bought a small store of Thomas French, and has since been engaged in the mercantile business, and is also engaged in buying wool. Mr. Keckard was united in marriage December 9, 1868, to Miss Columbia Little, a native of Newport, Ohio, born October 25, 1842, a daughter of Charles and Mary (Fraser) Little. Their marriage took place on the fiftieth anniversary of her parents' marriage, and among the guests were Ebenezer Battell and wife, who were at her parents' wedding. Her father was native of Ohio, born in the barracks at Belpre, near Marietta, and the mother was born in South Carolina, both parents dying at Newport, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Keckard have three children - Mary E., born August 15, 1869; Julia G., born in October, 1873, and Jennie P., born in June, 1875. Since coming to Clinton County Mr. Keckard has served as township

Allen Rinehart was boru in Frankfort, Ross County, Ohio, February 22, 1828, a son of David and Rosanna (Coyner) Rinehart, the father born in Pennsylvania, December 15, 1790, and the mother a native of Virginia, born February 7, 1796. Allen Rinehart has lived in Perry Township, Clinton County, Indiana, since he was nine months old, his parents settling in Perry Township on section 30, November 25, 1828. He was united in marriage March 8, 184:8, to Mary J. Loveless, who was born in Ross County, Ohio, February 4, 1831, a daughter of John E. and Sarah (Boyd) Loveless, the father being also a native of Ross County, born April 20, 1808, and the mother born in Kentucky, July 23, 1809. Her parents were married on June 12, 1828, in Ross County, Oiiio, her mother going to that count}' when a child. The father dealt in clocks and mercantiling for many years. He is now a resident of Thorntown, Indiana. The mother died in October, 1885. at the age of seventy-five years. To Mr. and Mrs. Rinehart have been born six children - -David R., born January 5, 1849, living at Frankfort; Annette, bom August 9, 1850, married George W. Yount; Emma J., born November 26, 1852, died August 8, 1866; Mary S., born May 19, 1857, died February 9, 1867; Rosy A., born December 13, 1860, wife of Joseph T. Fickle; William U. G-., born April 9, 1865. August 14, 1862, Mr. Rinehart enlisted in Company I, Eighty-sixth Indiana Infantry, and first served under General Buel, and subsequently under General Rosecrans. He participated in the battles at Perryvi lie, Crab Orchard, Kentucky, and a number of skirmishes. He was in the service ten months, being discharged on account of disability March 5, 1863. and mustered oiit at Gallatin, Tennessee. He then returned to his home in Perry Township, and has since followed agricultural pursuits in which he has met with good success. Besides his home farm, which contains 160 acres of valuable land, he owns thirty-two acres in another part of Perry Township, and fifty-seven acres located in Washington Township, Clinton County. In politics Mr. Rinehart affiliates with the Republican party. His parents were married near Frankfort, Ohio, January 6, 1814, and to them were born twelve children - Mary R., born July 28, 1815, married John Cameron, and died August 6, 1849; Henry, born October 10, 1817, went to Texas about thirty years ago and has not since been heard from; Jacob C, born October 22, 1819, died April 11, 1852,

Owen, born September 16, 1821, died August 4, 1826; John B., born January 12, 1823, a resident of Clinton, Iowa; David, born August 15, 1826, living in Eoss County, Ohio; Allen, our subject; Tilghman. born April 23, 1830, died September 7, 1836; Catherine E., born January 27, 1832, married "Willis Hamilton, and died July 18, 1852; Rosanna, born March 30, 1834, wife of William Irwin; William, born December 28, 1835, living in Washington Territory, and Samuel H., born June 7, 181:0, living in Boone County, Indiana. David Einehart went to Ohio when a young man and there learned the blacksmith's trade. After his marriage he carried on a harness shop and a hotel at Frankfort, Ohio, till he came to Clinton County, when he sold out his business. He made the journey over bad roads in a covered wagon drawn by oxen, and located on section 30, Perry Township, where he built a blacksmith shop and a tannery, and for many years followed tanning and blacksmithing in connection with his farming pursuits. He owned a farm uf 1,200 acres, on which the Presbyterians in 1837 built the first hewed-log church in the township. Allen Kinehart tells the story of how his father built his first fire in the township in 1828, which was still burning when the family removed from the place in the fall of 1868. The father built the first log cabin in the township. It was a good sized cabin built of round logs, with puncheon floor and clapboard roof. In this the family lived several years, when ho built a brick residence which has since been taken down. In the tall of 1869 he and his wife went to live with their daughter, Mrs. Eosanna Hollenback. The mother died July 13, 1871, the father surviving till February 3, 1876. Both were earnest and consistent members of the Methodist church. In politics he was a Republican. The Einehart family were of German descent. Mrs. Einehart's parents celebrated their golden wedding in 1878, and of the invited guests thirty-five were their descendants. Mrs. Loveless was an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and at her death left many friends, being beloved by all who knew her. Mrs. Einehart's father, J. E. Loveless, was born in Ohio, his grandfather in Kentucky; her great-grandfather in ISTew Jersey, and her great-greatgrandfather in Wales. Her mother was born in Kentucky, her parents being natives of Pennsylvania, of German parentage.

Allen Sparks came to Clinton County, Indiana, in the spring of 1833. He was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, February 14, 1814, a son of James and Margaret (Ray) Sparks.

His father was born near Fredericksburg, Maryland, in September, 1759, and when tbnrteen years old moved across the Allegheny Mountains on pack-horses, to Washington County, Pennsylvania, and was there married, and after his marriage moved to Richland County, Ohio, and thence to Clinton County in 1834, locating on a farm a mile west of his son Allen's. He died in October, 1855, in the ninety-seventh year of his age. The day he was ninety years old lie split and chopped 100 rails. His father, the grandfather of our subject, was born in Scotland and came to America when a voung man, before the war of the Revolution. He served in that struggle for independence seven years, and was at the storming of Stony Point, the battle of Brandy wine and the surrender of Cornwallis. The grandmother of our subject was Mary (Jolly) Sparks, a native of England, and came to America after the war for independence. The mother of our subject was born in Fredericksburg, Maryland, in May, 1761, a daughter of Thomas and Margery (Spear) Ray, lier father a native of Ireland, and her mother of England. They were married in Maryland, and died in Washington County, Pennsylvania. Allen Sparks was reared on his father's farm, and when sixteen years of age began to learn the carpenter's trade, serving an apprenticeship of four years with Samuel Whiting. He then came to Clinton County and made his home with his brother Joseph, who came the year before. He worked at the carpenter's trade nine years in this county and then gave his attention to agricultui-e, and now has a good farm of 218 acres on section 2, township 20, range 2 west. He was married December 22, 1842, to Nancy Rogers, who was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, December 7, 1825, a daughter of Elias and Susan A. (Brockman) Rogers. Mr. and Mrs. Sparks have had four children - Elijah C. ; Sally A., wife of Harry F. Kingsberry; Thomas Jefferson, who died January 19, 1872, aged twelve years; and John Sherman, who is at home. In politics Mr. Sparks was reared in the Democratic school, and voted with that party until January 8, 1863, when a resolution passed in the Legislature of Indiana completely changed him and he has since affiliated with the Republican party. In religious faith he is a Universalist. He has never sought official honors but served his township sixteen years as justice of the peace. The father of Mrs. Sparks was born in Boone County, Kentucky, in 1798, a son of William and Sally (Strickler) Rogers. Her mother was born in Virginia, September 7, 1799, a daughter of Moses and Ellen (Brockman) Brockman. They were married in Kentnoky and in 1827 came to Clinton County, Indiana. Tlie father died in tlie spring of 1872, and the mother in October, 1884. They were the parents of eighteen children, fourteen of whom grew to manhood and womanhood. Mr. Sparks relates many tlirillina; and amusing incidents of his life in the early days of Clinton County. The fii'st meal he and his wife ate together in their logcabin was interrupted by the appearance of a ground hog. He arose and got his gun, shot the hog and finished his meal. Mrs. Sparks killed a wild turkey about two years after her marriage. It had been in the yard fighting their tame turkey when the family was away from home, but on the morning in question Mrs. Sparks saw him strutting in the yard and seizing a stove shovel she rushed after and struck him on the head; at the same lime the dog grabbed him and together they killed him. Mr. Sparks experienced all the hardships and privations of pioneer life, and has lived to reap the reward of a life well spent, his years of toil being followed by years of peace and plenty.

Freeman M. Teeguarden, manufacturer of hard wood lumber, of Colfax, has been a resident of Clinton County, Indiana, since the spring of 1872. He established his present business in 1879, commencing on a capital of $1,000. His business has steadily increased till it yields an income of about $8,000 yearly. He has as good a saw-mill plant as can be found in this county, and the capacity of his mill is from 6,000 to 8,000 feet per day. Mr. Teeguarden is a native of Union County, Indiana, born March 21, 1841, a son of William and Eleanor (Ducat) Teeguarden, natives of Pennsylvania and Rhode Island respectively. His parents were married in Pennsylvania, the mother having come with her parents to tliat State when twelve years old. They moved to Union County, Indiana, shortly after their marriage where they made their home till death, the mother dying in 1862, aged forty-six years. Onr subject was reared on the home farm in Union County till nineteen years of age when he enlisted in the late war, in Company G, Thirty-Sixth Indiana Infantry, September 17, 1861. He was at the battle of Pittsburg Landing, coming up with General Nelson under General Bueli, following General Bragg up to Chattanooga, then followed with General Sherman to Jonesborough. His regiment was then discharged in November, 1864, at Indianapolis. After his discharge he returned to his home in Union County, where he followed farming for two years when he began dealing in hard wood lumber, which he followed in that county from 1865 till 1872. He was united in marriage November 13, 1867, to Lucy H. Gardner, a daughter of Henry and Anna (Maxwell) Gardner, her father a native of Preble County, Ohio, and the mother born in Union County, Indiana. The father died suddenly on the night of April 20,1885. The mother is at present living in Crawfordsville, Indiana. They had three children born to them, two daughters (twins), and a son, all still living. Mr. and Mrs. Teeguarden have seven children - Maud, Benjamio, Wallace, Mabel, William, Earl and Anna. On coming to Clinton County, in 1872, Mr. Teeguarden engaged. in the drug business in company with B. F. Hayden, with whom he was associated uniil he engaged in his present business in 1879 when he sold his interest to Mr. Hayden. In politics Mr. Teeguarden is a Republican. He is at present serving his second term as township trustee.