Daviess County, Indiana - Biographical sketches, 1886 (part 3 of 7)

FBANK G. EEITEK, deputy auditor of Knox County, Ind., is a representative of one of the prominent families of the county, and was born in the city of Vincennes, August 24, 1862, and is a son of Caspar and Mary E. (Bultman) Eeiter, who were of German descent. Frank G. spent six years in the German Catholic schools of Vincennes, and two years in the public schools. At fifteen years of age he entered the county auditor's office as deputy, and served in that capacity with his brother, Gerard Eeiter, ex-auditor, six and one-half years, and has been two years with the present auditor, James A. Dick. He is a Democrat in his political views, and cast his first presidential vote for Grover Cleveland. He is a most careful and competent official, and a prominent young man of the county.

JAMES EETNOLDS, Sr. Of the many men who have for years taken an active part in the political affairs of the county, probably none deserve more prominent mention than the subject of this sketch. He is of Scotch-German descent, and was born in Somerset County, Penn., in 1826, son of William and Mary (Jones) Reynolds, natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Maryland. They both died in the old Pennsylvania Commonwealth. In 1852 James went to Louisville, Ky., remaining there one year, and then moved to Evansville, Ind., and in 1855 came to Vincennes, and here has since resided, and later was employed by the Adams Express Company, remaining with them until 1860, when he was elected sheriff of Knox County, and was reelected in 1862. From 1864 to 1867 he was engaged in farming. In 1868 he was again elected sheriff, and re-elected in 1870, and afterward served as deputy sheriff two years. In 1874 he was elected treasurer of the county, and served two terms. For twelve years he held important offices in the county, and filled them with much credit to himself and to the entire satisfaction of the people. He is an enthusiastic Democrat, and is one of the first men of the county. In 1850 he was married to Mary Sterret, a native of Pennsylvania, by whom he had these three children: Elizabeth, Josephene and James. Mrs. Eeynolds died in 1S59. and the same year Mr. Eeynolds married Mary U. Markley, who died in 1866. In 1867 he took for his third wife Mrs. Jane E. Bloom, formerly a Miss Watson, daughter of L. L. Watson, of this city. To their union these children were born: Samuel D., William H., Jesse L., Edith F. and Genevieve.

WILLIAM B. EOBINSON, of Vincennes, Ind., was born in Knox County, September 9, 1839, and was one of a family of four sons and four daughters born to William and Sarah (Nicholson) Eobinson, natives respectively of Ohio and Pennsylvania. The father came to this county about 1820 with his father, Abner Eobinson, locating on a farm in Palmyra (now Steen) Township. Here our subject's father married and brought up his family on a farm. In politics he was an old line Whig, and took an active part in local campaigns. He was trustee of Steen Township several terms, and was widely and favorably known as a plain, unassuming, moral and upright citizen. His death occurred in 1858. The subject of this sketch was reared in Steen Township, on a farm, and obtained a good literary education in his early years. At the age of sixteen he began teaching school, and made this his profession for five years. He was connected about one year with the Vincennes High School. In the meantime he had begun the study of law, with a view to making that his profession, and in 1866 he entered the law department of the State University at Bloomington, graduating in 1867. Eeturning to Vincennes he was admitted to the bar of Knox County, and was engaged in practice until 1876, when he accepted the office of clerk of Knox County, to which he had been elected by the Democratic party in 1874. He filled this office in so efficient and satisfactory a manner that he was re-elected, and served until 1884. Mr. Eobinson was county school examiner three years previous to bsing elected clerk of the county, and ha was mayor of the city five terms. In 1873 he was married to Margaret La Hue, a native of the county, by whom he has had four sons and one daughter. Mr. Eobinson is a member of the I. O. O. F.

SALYARDS & BURNS, dealers and importers of monuments, Vincennes, Ind., established their business in September, 1885, and are receiving much of the patronage of town and county. E. M. Salyards, senior member of the firm, was born in Portsmouth, Ohio, March 13, 1815, and is a son of Edward and Maria (Buffington) Salyards, of Ohio. Edward, our subject, was raised in Cincinnati, Ohio; New Albany and Orleans, Ind., learning the marble-cutter's trade, and engaged first in the business for himself in Madison, Ind., and later in New Albany ; then in Washington, and from the latter place came to this city, where he conducted his present business. November 27, 1867, he married Ellen Anderson, a native of Indiana. They have three children: William E., Roy G. and Pearl. In 1861 Mr. Salyards enlisted in Company G., Twenty-fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving three years, and was then veteranized, and served until the close of the war, participating in many of the most important actions. Peter J. Burns, junior member of the above named firm, is a native of Pittsburgh, Penn., born March 9, 1851, son of Patrick M. Burns. His mother died when he was three years of age, and his father when he was nine, consequently, he knows but little of his ancestry. He worked as a farm hand in Daviess County, Ind., after his father's death, until he began learning the marble-cutter's trade, which he mastered, and engaged in the business in Louisville, Ky., in 1876, and then moved to Seymour, Ind., and in 1885 engaged in the present business in this city. October 3, 1882, he married Mary Walter, a native of Scott County, Ind. They' have one daughter, named Zella Z. Mr. Burns is a member of the K. of H. fraternity.

FREDERICK SAMONIEL, trustee of Vincennes Township, Knox Co., Ind., was born in Floyd County, Ind., near Corydon, January 1, 1811, son of Frank J. and Margaret Samoniel, who were natives of Germany, born in 1792 and 1809 respectively. The father came to America in early life and settled in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he remained but a short time and then removed to Floyd County, Ind., but lived there only a short time when they moved to Louisville, Ky., where he lived until 1858. They then moved to Mt. Carmel. 111., where the father died in 1860. The mother is yet a resident of that place. Our subject was the second of ten children, and what education he now has was obtained by his own exertions. In 1SG3 he came to Knox County, Ind., and in 1871 entered the employ of F. M. Fay, and remained with him five years. Since that time he has been engaged in the transfer business for himself. He is a Democrat, and was elected township trustee in 1882 and re-elected in 1884. He was married, February 13, 1872, to Miss Bridget Quinn, a native of the " Emerald Isle," born in 1819. They have four children, Mamie, Charles, Maggie and Helen. Mr. Samoniel has made his own way in life, and during the war supported his mother and her four children while two of his elder brothers were in the service. . He is a member of the Catholic Church.

HENEY SCHAFFER was born in Prussia January 11, 1843, and is a son of Henry and Mary (Schroeder) Shaffer, who were born in the same country. The family came to the United States in 1853 and located in Knox County, Ind., on a farm. Here Henry lived until he was eighteen years old, when he went to St. Louis, Mo., and learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked until the beginning of the war. He then returned home, and in January, 18(33, came to Vincennes and followed teaming, carpenting and clerking in stores until 1875, when he engaged in the general merchandise business, in which he has continued ever since. In 1882 he built his present commodious brick store-room, which he uses as a store-room and dwelling. He has a fine line of general merchandise, and is doing a paying business. In 1865 he married Wilhelmina Weitzel, a native of Ohio. They have eight children: William, Henry, John, Emma, August, Laura, Louis and Eleanor. He is a Democrat, and he and family are members of the St. John's Evangelical Church of this city.

CONEAD SCHEEFEES, a prominent business man of Vincennes, Ind., is a son of John and Mary (Caskort) Scheefers, who were born in the city of Paderborn, Prussia. Conrad was born in the same place December 20, 1841, and here he received his education and learned the carpenter's and millwright's trades, at which he worked in his native country until 1807. He then immigrated to the United States and came directly to Vincennes, where he worked at his trade one year and clerked in the hardware business two years. He then conducted the Central Hotel and Saloon of this city until 1879, when he sold out and went to his native country on a visit. He returned to Vincennes in 1880 and engaged in the retail liquor business, where he conducts a strictly first-class house in all respects. He also has the agency for European steamship lines, the only agency of the kind in the city. October 28, 1872, he married Barbara Hartts, a native of Bohemia. To them were born seven children, three now living: Anna, Frank and William. Mr. Scheefers is a Democrat in politics and has taken an active interest in the political affairs of the city for a number of years. He is at present serving his sixth term in the city council. He is essentially a self-made man, as he came to Vincennes a poor boy. By close application to his duties, economy and strict business integrity, he has won his way to the front and is now one of the solid business men of the city. He and his family are members of the Catholic faith, and he is a member of the C. K. of A.

JOSEPH SCHMIDT, manufacturer and wholesale dealer in cigars, of Vincennes, Ind., was born near Vienna, Austria, June 30, 1841, son of Frank and Josepha (Grenn) Schmidt, who were also natives of Vienna, where they lived and died. Joseph grew to manhood in his native land and obtained a good German education. He was employed with his father in the service of the Government fi-om sixteen to twenty-one, and then left home and came to the United States and located iu Cincinnati, Ohio, and kept a notion store two years. He then began steamboating on the Wabash Bivar, still retaining an interest in his mercantile business. In 1873-74 he engaged in the manufacture of hoopskirts and window shades in New York City. Beturning to Cincinnati, Ohio, he engaged in the manufacture of cigars with Mr. E. Gloss, his present foreman. In 1879 he came to Vincennes, Ind., and engaged in the same business, continuing to the present time. He gives employment to about twelve experienced cigarmakers, putting out nothing but first-class stock, for which he finds a ready market in the city, also in the southern part of Indiana and Illinois. He also handles all kinds of chewing and smoking tobaccos and snuffs. In 1878 Mr. Schmidt married Lena Ebner, daughter of John Ebner of this city. He is independent in politics and a member of the Catholic Church.

JAMES F. SECHLEE was born in Danville, Penn., November 30, 1829, son of Jacob and Barbara (Eeese) Sachler, natives of Pennsylvania and Switzerland, respectively. James F. was raised in Danville and there learned the machinist's trade. After he became of age he left home and worked at his trade in various places, and was foreman in machine shops for different railroads for a number of years. In 1876 he came to Vincennes and accepted the position of general master mechanic for the Ohio & Mississippi Eailroad, which position he held about five years ; he then resigned and accepted a similar position with the Texas Pacific Eailroad, but after a year's service with that road he returned to this city and engaged in his present business. June 17, 1852, he married Miry Farley, a native of Pennsylvania. To them were born seven children, six of whom are living - two sons and four daughters. Mr. Sechler, Daniel M. Lynch and Edward Watson are proprietors of the city machine shops and foundry. The business was established in 1882 by Mr. Sechler, L. L. and Edward Watson, who erected the present building, and started a general repair and machine shop, also a foundry for all kinds of brass and iron castings, and give employment to ten men. The firm has had charge of the business since 1883 and has had good success in every respect.

MAETIN L. SEDDELMEYEE, sheriff of Knox County, Ind., was born in Harrison County, Ind., September 22, 1844, son of John H. and Margaret (Traub) Seddelmeyer, who were natives of Germany. The father came to the United States between 1830 and 1835, and located first at Fort Wayne, Ind., next in Indianapolis, then in Harrison County, thence to Dubois County, and finally in 1852 removed to Knox County and located in Widner Township, where he preached the gospel and also practiced medicine. His death occurred in Yanderburg County February 20, 1864. He was well and favorably known throughout the southern part of the State as an earnest worker for the cause of religion, being a minister of the German Lutheran Church. Our subject was raised principally in Knox County on a farm, securing a fair education in the common schools. After his father's death he went to Indianapolis and clerked in the mercantile business two years, and then returned to this county and followed a similar occupation. He then learned the gunsmith's trade at Freelandsville, in this county, where he resided with his mother. He was elected constable in 1872, and in 1874 accepted the position of deputy sheriff, which office he continued to hold until November, 1884, when he was elected to the office of sheriff, which he is now filling in a very efficient manner, owing to his long experience as deputy. September 5, 1877, he was married to Lucy A. Gardner, a native of Vincennes, and daughter of E. G. Gardner, a pioneer citizen of the city. To Mr. and Mrs. Seddelmeyer these four children were born: Dexter A., Margaret, Dorcas and Elbridge G. Mr. Seddelmeyer has always been an unswerving Democrat in his political views, and takes an active part in the local campaigns in the county. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and K. of P., and he and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he is recognized as a popular and efficient official, and one of the first citizens of the county.

GEOKGE W. SHAW is a native of Campbell County, Ky., born June 20, 1833, son of Coleman and Mary E. (Eeily) Shaw, and is of Irish descent. His father was born in the same State and county as himself in 1818. The mother's birth occurred in 1829. Mr. Shaw's boyhood days were spent in farming in summer and attending school in winter. In 1873 he entered Georgetown College at Georgetown, Ky., and attended this school three years. He taught school six years and his last work was in the Butler High School. He began reading law in Louisville, Ky., in 1870, and in 1879 came to Vincennes and entered the law office of Judge F. W. Viehe, and continued his study two years. He was admitted to the Knox County bar in 1880 and formed a partnership with William A. Cullop, and the firm was known as Cullop & Shaw. He is a Democrat and cast his first presidential vote for Samuel J. Tilden. In 1881 he was appointed master commissioner of the Knox Circuit Court and has since held the position. He is one of the leading attorneys of the Vincennes bar.

LEANDER J. SHEPARD, coal dealer, of Vincennes, Ind., is a son of Horace B. and Martha (Harper) Shepard. who were born in Kentucky. The father came to Knox County, Ind., in 1820, and located on a farm, where he resided until 1862 and then took up his residence in this city, where he now resides at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. He was formerly a Whig in politics but is now a Republican. He has held a number of important offices in town and county, and was a member of the State Legislature one term and has been an active worker for his party in his day. Leander J. was born in Knox County, Ind., November 12, 1828, and spent his boyhood days on a farm and secured a common school education. At the age of twenty-six he engaged in the mercantile business in Illinois, continuing there five or six years. He then returned to this city and soon after accepted a position under Gen. James C. Veatch, in the office of collector of revenue at Evansville, and remained with him two years. He then returned to this city in 1881 and purchased an interest in the Edwardsport Coal Company, and also established his coal yards in this city. The mine which supplied their coal gave out, and he in company with others organized the Indian Creek Coal Company and opened up a mine at Bicknell, which they are now operating successfully. In 1854 Mr. Shepard married Jane Emmons, a native of Illinois. They have one son, named Charles E. Mr. Shepard is a Republican in politics and a member of the I. O. O. F.

ANTON SIMON, of the Eagle Brewing Company of Vincennes, was born in Alsace, France (now Germany), November 2, 1848, and is a son of Peter and Barbara (Risch) Simon, natives respectively of Savoy and Alsace, France. Anton was reared with his parents in his native country, and secured a good ordinary German and French education. At the age of thirteen he left home and came to the United States, locating almost immediately in Vincennes, where he engaged as clerk in the dry goods business for a short period, and then worked for some time in Jacob Kautz's brewery. Later he clerked in a confectionery store about five years. He then worked for about two years at the bookbinders' trade, and in 1869 entered the employ of John Ebner, Sr., in the brewery business, and has continued in the establishment ever since, taking a juartnership in 1874. In 1869 he married Caroline Ebner, a daughter of John Ebner, Sr., who died in 1872. To them was born one child, deceased. In 1876 he married his present wife, Anna Weisenberger, a native of Mt. Carmel, 111. They have three children: Clara, Eugene A. and Louis J. Mr. Simon

JOHN EBNEE, Jr., bookkeeper and junior partner of the Eagle Brewing Company, is a native of Knox County, Ind., where he was born May 12, 1859, son of John Ebner, Sr., of this city. He was reared in Vincennes, and obtained a very good education, attending the St. Meinrad College in Spencer County, and the St. Joseph College at Teutopolis, 111. After completing his education he engaged in his present business, and in 1880 took a partnership with the firm. He is unmarried, a Democrat in politics, and a member of the Catholic Church. The Eagle Brewing Company, of which these gentlemen are proprietors, was established in 1859, by John Ebner, Sr., who conducted it alone until 1870, when he leased the building to various parties who proved unsuccessful in its management, and accordingly, in 1874, he, in company with Eugene Hack and Austin Simon, refitted and remodeled the old building, until it now ranks among the first in the State. The building is a large, three-story brick, and is supplied throughout with all modern appliances and conveniences. They have completed a new double cellar, which, is used for storing hogshead beer and fermenting, and in addition they have a fine brick office, of Gothic architecture, on the first floor, which is handsomely fitted up. They manufacture about 18,000 barrels of beer per year, and employ about five wagons and twelve head of horses for the home trade. The beer is of such high quality that it has not only kept away all foreign competition in southwestern Indiana, but has compelled the proprietors to establish refrigerator depots in Washington, Ind., Carmi and Olney, 111., and Jasper and Princeton, Ind., besides supplying southern Illinois and Indiana within a radius of seventy-five miles.

HENRY M. SIMPSON, a prominent and enterprising nurseryman and fruit-grower of the State, was born March 18, 1847, in Palmyra Township, and is the third child of Archibald and Jane C. (McCord) Simpson. The father was born in Vincennes Township in 1802, and was reared in the county, being a son of Patrick Simpson, a native of Scotland, who came to this country from Glasgow in 1783, and lived all his life here as one of the early pioneers. He kept a store in Vincennes at one time, and was engaged in many skirmishes with the Indians. Our subject's father was also a resident of the county all his life, and was a very prosperous farmer and nursei-yman. He was one of the associate judges of the county, and a prominent man. He was a Republican at the time of his death, March 23, 1873. He left three children: James H., in the Pension Office in Washington, D. C. ; Henry M., our subject, and John N., proprietor of the Vincennes Greenhouse. Mr. Simpson was the founder of the Knox County Nursery, comprising 100 acres in small fruit. Henry M. was reared on the old homestead in Palmyra Township, and secured a good commonschool education. At the age of twenty -three he married, and continued to make his home with his mother. He owns 101 acres of well-improved land, besides his nursery, with a good residence in a nice location. June 21, 1870, he wedded Adelia McCord, daughter of Robert and Martha McCord. They have five children: Harry, Robert A., Charles A., Anna L. and Ray C. Both husband and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church, and he belongs to the I. O. O. F., and politically has always been a Republican. His brother James served four years in the late war. Henry M. devotes his time to raising small fruits. The yearly strawberry yield is about 800 bushels, and raspberries and blackberries 200 bushels each. He has about half a million applegrafts for this spring's planting (1886).

HUBBARD M. SMITH, M. D., of Vincennes, Ind., was born in "Winchester, Ky., September 6, 1820, son of Willis R. and Elizabeth (Taylor) Smith. The father was a native of Kentucky, and was a lieutanant in the war of -1812. In 1850 he removed to Missouri, where he died five or six years later. He was a farmer and merchant, and was well educated for his day, being a teacher for several years. The mother was a daughter of Hubbard Taylor, who came with Gen. Knox to survey Kentucky, and afterward became a prominent citizen of that State. Our subject's early boyhood was spent on a farm and in attending the common schools, obtaining a somewhat limited education. At the age of fourteen he left home and began learning the saddlery and harness-maker's trade, continuing at this until he was twenty years of age, and in the meantime, by desultory study, improved his rudimentary edu- cation, and at the age of twenty-one had improved his education sufficiently to enable him to begin teaching, which he followed in order to procure means to enable him to obtain a medical education. He attended the medical department of the Transylvania University in 1845, and then practiced in his native State. In 1848 he entered the Starling Medical College, of Columbus, Ohio, and graduated in 1849. Since that time he has practiced his profession in Vincennes, where he has met with more than ordinary success. In 1859 the Doctor purchased the Vincennes Daily Gazette, conducting it but a short time, and giving it up for the position of postmaster of Vincennes, which he held for over eight years. Since that time he has given his attention to his large and remunerative practice. In 184G he married Nannie W., daughter of Gen. Edmund Pendleton, of Clark County, Ky. They became the parents of eight children, six of whom are living: Edmund W. P., United States Consul at Carthagena, South America; Mary E. ; Hubbard T., employed in the War Department as Washington, D. C, and a musical composer of considerable notoriety in the capital; Alice Cary; Cj^rus A., druggist at Vincennes, and Curtis P., a young attorney of this city. The Doctor is prominently identified with a number of medical societies, and is considered one of the ablest and most experienced physicians in the county. He has shown his ability as a literary writer since his residence here, having published numerous poems and other articles of merit in the local and other papers; also keeping up 6ome correspondence with metropolitan papers at various times for a number of years. He and family are members of the Presbyterian Church.

WEBSTER SMITH, an enterprising farmer of the county, was born in Clark County, Ind., October 29, 183G, and is the youngest of five children of Bastion and Hannah (Nickerson) Smith, natives of Saratoga County, N. Y. The mother was born in 1803, and came to Knox County about 1819. They were married in said county and moved to Clark County, where the father died when our subject was but six months old. The mother then returned to Knox County, where she died in 1872. Oiir subject did not return with his mother, but was about eight years old on his arrival here. He attended the common schools, and acquired nearly all his education by self-application at home. He made his home with a brother until fourteen years of age, when he began supporting himself. He began farming, and lived with his mother from the time he was twenty-one until her death. He married a few years after, and continued farming on the same place. He has succeeded well, and owns 158 acres of yery fine land well improved. November 22, 1877, he wedded Mary E. Harvey, a native, of Monroe County, and the mother of five children by a former marriage. Three of these children are now with Mr. Smith. He has no children of his own. He is a member of the Republican party, and a good citizen.

CHRISTIAN SPIEGEL, a prominent citizen of Vincennes, Ind., was born in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, August 1, 1823, son of Jacob and Sophia E. (Braun) Spiegel, natives of the same place. Christian came to the United States with his parents in 1832, and located at Baltimore, Md., where the father died in 1835. In 1837 the family removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, and here Christian learned the cabinet-maker's trade, at which he worked until about 1846 or 1847, when he moved to Lawrenceburg, Ind., and remained about nine years. In 1855 he removed to Indianapolis, and engaged in the manufacture of furniture in partnership with his brothers and Frederick Thomas, this being the commencement of the largest business of the kind in that city, and one of the largest in the "West. In 1878 our subject sold his interest in the business, and having accumulated a comfortable fortune, came to Vincennes and engaged in the same business with William Roberts three years, when four gentlemen purchased Mr. Robert's share, and Mr. Spiegel, in company with these gentlemen, has conducted .the business successfully to the present time. They make a specialty of the manufacture of bedsteads, making on an average nearly 300 per week, and giving employment to thirty men. In 1845 Mr. Spiegel married Amelia Boyce, a native of Kentucky. They had these eight children, six living: Edward, William, Frederick A., Fannie J. (wife of Edward Perkins), Charles A. and Arthur E. Subject is a Republican in politics and strictly temperate in all his habits. He is an Odd-fellow, and he and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

GEOEGE E. SPITZ, dealer in hats, caps, and gents' furnishing goods, in Vincennes, Ind., is a native of Knox County, Ind., born February 2, 1859, son of Roman and Martha (Bernstein) Spitz. The father was a native of Alsace, France (now Germany), and came to this State in 1849, where he has since resided. The mother was born in Louisville, Ky. George E. was raised in this city, and acquired a very good German and English education. At the age of eighteen he engaged as clerk with I. Joseph & Son, and remained with them until December, 1884, when he was engaged in the gents1 clothing and furnishing business with G. F. Montgomery, continuing until June, 1885. August of the same year he engaged in his present business, in which he is meeting with good and well-deserved success. He carries a good and full line of goods, the best in the city, and commands the leading trade in town and county. September 24, 1884, he married Tillie Gubelman, a native of Daviess County, Ind. They have one daughter, Hazel E. In politics Mr. Spitz is a Democrat, and is one of the leading business men of the city.

FEEDEEICK WILLIAM STAFF, general master mechanic of the Ohio & Mississippi Eailroad, was born in Newport, Ky., March 9, 1S52, being a son of William J. and Wilhelmina (Sauerbrey) Staff, who were born respectively in Saxony and Hanover. Frederick W. was reared with his parents in his native city, having but few opportunities for acquiring an education. When fourteen years of age he began learning the machinist trade, which he mastered in Cincinnati, Ohio. His evenings were spent in acquiring an education, and in time he acquired a fair literary education. At the age of twenty he became draughtsman of the Little Miami Eailroad, having previously devoted a great deal of time and study to this £>rofession. He filled the position creditably a number of years. In 1883 he accepted a similar position on the Ohio & Mississippi, and in July, 1885, was promoted to his present position, and is now filling the position very satisfactorily. In 1876 he was united in marriage to Emma E. Marston, a native of Newport, Ky. To them were born seven children, six now living: Thomas W., Frederick William, Ida May, John W., Pearl, and J. Howard. Mr. Staff is a Democrat in politics, and took quite a part in the political affairs of his native city, being a member of the city council a number of years. He has been a Mason since 1873. He is an example of the self-made men of the country, as he started in life a poor boy with little or no capital, but untiring energy, study, and singular capability for his particular calling in life, and has won golden opinions, not only from his employers, but by a large circle of friends, who know him only to respect his many excellent qualities.

EDWARD TAYLOE, A. M., superintendent of the city schools at Vincennes, Tnd., was born at "Wea Plains, six miles west of Lafayette, Ind., October 30, 1842. The father was Joseph N. Taylor, a native of Winchester, Va., born in 1813. The mother's maiden name was Phoebe Garretson, born in Springboro, Ohio, in 18 IB. Both parents are still living, and are members of the religious Society of Friends, or Quakers, as also is our subject. They were the parents of seven children. When our subject was seven years of age his parents removed to Monrovia, Ind., in order to secure better church and school facilities, and there he still resides. Subject attended school during the winter and farmed in the summer time until he was seventeen years of age. During his youth he was a member of various literary societies, and thereby acquired a liking for literary work. In 1860 he entered the Earlham College, at Richmond, Ind., and his time was spent between the duties of a student and in assisting his father, who had been chosen superintendent of the institution. He graduated from the classical course in 1865. He then became a teacher of Latin and Greek at Spiceland Academy, Ind., and at the end of the year was elected principal of the academy. He resigned this position, however, in order to travel and study in Europe. He made the tour of the Continent, and spent a year in linguistic and historical studies in Berlin, Prussia, and during his absence sent weekly letters to the Richmond Telegram. Some months after his return he married Miss Louise Bales, daughter of John H. Bales, of Knightstown, Ind. They have two sons. He chose teaching as his occupation, and in 1868 was chosen superintendent of the city schools of Kokomo, Ind. In 1872 he removed to Iowa, where he was for several years principal of New Providence Academy, and during that time

(1878) was elected to the State Legislature. His principal speeches while in office were in opposition to the enactment of a bill for the re-establishment of capital punishment in the State ; a plea for the financial support of the Eeform School ; in advocacy of a bill for the repeal of what was known as "the wine and beer clause," and in support of a bill for compulsory education. In 1879 he published " My Brief History of the American People, for Schools," which has reached the sixteenth edition in six years. Under the auspices of the State Temperance Alliance he spent the winter of 1879-80 in travel as a State lecturer in advocacy of the reform. In 1881 he removed to Indianapolis, and the following year was elected to his present position. As a boy, it may be said of him that his taste was for science, especially astronomy ; as a college student, it was for the ancient languages ; later, for historical and literary studies, and is now for moral and economic questions.

FKANCIS A. THUIS is a native of Holland, where he was born in 1837, son of Francis A. and Johanna H. (Hendrickson) Thuis, and is of pure Dutch descent. He came to America in 1853, and settled in New York, where he remained one year, and then went to Cleveland, Ohio, where he remained three years. In 1856 he came to Vincennes. He learned the saddler's trade in Europe. After coming to Vincennes he secured a position on the Evanston & Terre Haute Eailroad, which he held two years. He then clerked in a store until 1861, when he enlisted in the Twenty-fourth Indiana Infantry as a musician, and served fourteen months. He then came home and remained nine months, and then re-enlisted in Company A, Ninety-first Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war. He was discharged in 1865 at Indianapolis. Since the war he has been engaged in the manufacture of the " Scotch horse-collar," and has secured an extensive reputation as a collar manufacturer. He was married in 1866 to Mary Jane Page, a native of Vincennes, born in 1843. They have seven children: Johanna E., Louis E., Mary E., Francis E., Charles A., George J. and Silas L. He is a member of the Democratic party, and in religious belief is a Catholic.

FEEDEEICK TWIETMEYEB, of Vincennes, Ind., was born in the Kingdom of Hanover, Germany, January 17, 1837. His parents, Deitrich and Ada Twietmeyer, were born in the same country. Frederick was raised on a farm in Hanover, and at the age of twenty immigrated to the United States, landing in New York City in 1857, and worked as a clerk in a grocery store for about two years, and then worked for himself in that city until 1860, when he went to New Orleans, but left the following year and came to Vincennes, where he remained as clerk for M. Tyler & Son a year, and then enlisted as private in Company A, One Hundred and Eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, serving in the war of the Eebellion until its close. He then returned to this city and engaged in the grocery business. In 1800 he went to St. Louis, Mo., and was a grocer in that city until July, 1883, when he again returned to Vincennes and re-engaged in his old occupation, in which he has been quite prosperous. In 1868 he married Henrietta Kleintopf, a native of Germany. They have seven children - six sons and one daughter. In politics he is independent, biit generally votes the Eepublican ticket. He and family are members of the German Lutheran Church.

WILSON M. TYLEE, president of the Vincennes National Bank, was born in West Brookfield, Mass., February 20, 1836, the son of Moses and Eliza (Makepeace) Tyler, natives of Massachusetts, but were of English and Irish extraction respectively. The father came to Ohio in 1843, and resided at Chagrin Falls until 1852, when he removed to Vincennes, Ind., where he engaged in the general merchandise business, meeting with more than ordinary success, and accumulating quite a handsome competency. In 1864 he engaged in the general hardware, building material, and agricultural implement business, in which he remained as senior partner until his death in March, 1881. He was a Whig, and later became a Eepublican in politics, but took no active part in political affairs. He was well and favorably known throughout the county as an active, energetic and successful business man, and an upright, Christian citizen, being a member of the Presbyterian Church. The mother still resides in Vincennes, at the advanced age of eighty years. Our subject was brought up by his father in the mercantile business, and se- cured a good academic education, aud at the age of twenty-one entered into partnership with his father, under the firm name of M. Tyler <fe Son, and continued this until his father's death, although he and Alfred S. Lane had active management of the business a number of years previously. Since that time they have successfully continued the business, Mr. Lane being the junior member and acting as manager. In 1865, upon the organization of the Vincennes National Bank, Mr. Tyler became one of the stockholders, and in 1875 was made cashier, which position he filled creditably until 1881, when he accepted the position as president, made vacant by the death of President W. J. Williams. February 2, 1858, he was united in matrimony to Margaret Eastham, a native of Bairdstown, Ky. They have two children, Frank E. and Alice. Mr. Tyler is a stanch Republican in politics, but has never aspired to office. He is a Scottish Rite Mason, and he and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church.

HENRY VIEHE (deceased) was born in Germany, February 19, 1802. He came to this country with his family in 1845, and located near the present village of Freelandsville, Ind., where he entered eighty acres of land. The country was then almost a wilderness, and the settlers' homes few and far between. His wife's mother came with them to America, and was a member of the family. She died in the fall pf 1815 or 184(3, and was buried on the home farm. His wife died in January, 1858, and he was buried on the day of the presidential election, in November, 1880. To their marriage twelve children were born ; two died in infancy, one in Germany and one on the steamboat while landing at Evansville, Ind. His eldest son died in this country. Nine of the children are living; one at Vincennes practicing law, one a physician at Henderson, Ky., and one a missionary in South Africa. The rest are well to do farmers.

HERMAN J. WAT JEN, retail (limited) dealer in drugs, paints, oils and medicines, is a native of Germany, born near Bremen in 1841, son of John D. and Margaret Watjen, and is of Geriran descent. The parents were native Germans, and came to America in 1848. They landed at New Orleans, and came up the Mississippi, Ohio and Wabash Rivers, and settled at Vincennes, Ind., in the fall of that year. Here the father died in

1849. Subject was educated in the public schools of Vincennes, and in 1856 went to Indianapolis, where he served a four years' apprenticeship. The first year he received $4 per month for his services, the second year $8. In 1861 he entered the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, and remained one year. In 1862 he enlisted in Company A, Seventieth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, serving nearly three years in the war of the Kebellion. He was with Sherman on his march to the sea and through the Carolinas. He participated in the grand review at Washington, D. C, and was honorably discharged in 1865. He then returned to Indianapolis and entered the service of his former employers, Browning & Sloan, and remained with them until 1867. He then came to Vincennes, and immediately engaged in the drug business, in which he has since continued, meeting with good success. He was married in 1865 to Louisa Eberwine, a native of Vincennes, born in 1844. To them were born these four children: Mamie A., Cora O., Woodie and Otto. He is a Eepublican in politics, and is a member of the I. O. O. F. He has been a business man of Vincennes for about eighteen years, and limits himself to a strict retail trade.

L. L. WATSON, who for the past fifty-one years has been a resident of Vincennes, was born in this city April 13, 1809. His father, Robert G. Watson, was of Scotch descent, and passed the greater part of his life engaged in merchandising and fur trading. Mrs. Genevieve (Conoyer) Watson, his mother, was descended from one of the oldest and best families of this country, their advent in America dating back to 1704. L. L. Watson received but limited educational advantages in youth, which in later years has been greatly benefited by desultory reading and close observation. In 1826 he removed with Pierre Brouillette to St. Louis, when, after learning the tailor's trade, he returned to his native town to find employment. After a few months' stay he returned to St. Louis in 1832, but in 1834 again came to Vincennes, which has since been his home. Until 1849 he worked at his trade, but being appointed postmaster in that year by President Taylor, he administered to the requirements of that position until 1853. The two succeeding years he served as receiver of toll at the lock and dam at Grand Rapids, on the

Wabash Eiver, then served one year as conductor of a passenger train on the Evansville & Cincinnati Eailroad, and was then appointed agent for the road at Vincennes. He also carried on a lumber yard in partnership, which he continued four years. In 1859 he was appointed paymaster and supply agent for the Ohio & Mississippi Eailroad, which he resigned in 1871 to take an active management, in conjunction with Capt. Mass, in the Union Depot Hotel, which he still continues. Mr. Watson for many years has been one of Vincennes' most enterprising and energetic citizens, and by an honorable, upright life has won the high esteem of his fellow townsmen. He is a member of the Eoman Catholic Church, and is a Democrat. November 6, 1832, Lydia E., daughter of Willis Fellows, became his wife, and to their union have been born twelve children - four sons and three daughters now living: Samuel W., Edward, Willis H, Eobert G., Jane E., Euth and Ida M.

EDWAED WATSON was born in Vincennes, Knox Co., Ind. September 21, 1846, and is a son of Lewis L. and Lydia (Fellows) Watson. He attended the public schools of Vincennes and afterward the university at that place, also Erof. L. G. Hays' Academy at Indianapolis and the Asbury University at Greencastle, Ind. In the spring of 1866 he left college and became traveling salesman for a shoe firm in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1867 he began traveling in the West, and June of the same year arrived at Council Bluffs, Iowa, and reached the terminus of the Union Eacific Eailroad in California, then Julesburg. At the completion of the road he sold out his stock and returned to Salt Lake City, intending to return home, but was prevented on account of a three weeks' snow blockade. He then went to California and spent six months in looking over that State and, in 1869, took the oath of allegiance and became secretary tov E. C. Doraen, paymaster of the United States Navy, but resigned in 1871 to take charge of the Union Depot at Vincennes, Ind. In the spring of 1872 he returned to San Francico and while there was offered his old position with his former employer, but declined. In June of that year he formed a partnership with Daniel Baenhart, continuing until 1875, when he sold his interest to his brother, E. G. Watson. In 1876 he disposed of his entire property and took passage for New York via Panama. Owing to some accident they were delayed on the Isthmus six days. He reached New York September 22, 1876, and came to Vincennes via Philadelphia. He was made manager of the Union Depot Hotel. April 14, 1877, he was married by Father Hugh Galligher in San Francisco to Miss Carrie Keyes. In business he is connected with the City Gas Light Company as stockholder and director and is also a stock holder in the First National Bank and the Lake Ice Company. He is director and one of the committee on Manufacturing Interests of the Board of Trade and is president of the Vincennes & Ohio Railway. He is his father's attorney and is treasurer and director of the Vincennes Water Supply Company. He is a Democrat politically and is one of the first men of this part of Indiana and a partner of J. F. Sechler & Co. in the city foundry.

G. WEINSTEIN, wholesale and retail dealer in dry goods and notions, is a native of Germany, where he was born in 1827. He is a son of L. and Hannah Weinstein. Our subject came to America in 1853 and settled at Cincinnati, Ohio. For three years he was employed as traveling salesman for a leading Cincinnati house. In 1857 he went to Gallatin, Tenn., and engaged in the clothing business which he continued until 1862, when he came to Vincennes and engaged in the dry goods business, the firm being known as Weinstein & Brother. They continued together until 1867, when our subject bought out his brother's interest and carried on the business alone until 1875, when he formed a partnership with a gentleman of that city and the firm is now known as G. Weinstein & Co. Mr. Weinstein is one of the most thorough and successful business men of this portion of Indiana. For many years he has been a director of the First National Bank of this city. Since the organization of the Vincennes Board of Trade he has been one of the trustees. He is a leader in business circles and was married, in 1857, to Eva Brownold, who died in March, 1884. Mr. Weinstein married Rosa Lapp, in November, 1885. She is a native of Louisville. In politics he is a Democrat and a member of the F. & A. M. and I. O. O. F.

of Solomon and Eliza (Burris) Wetzel, both natives of Virginia. His father came to Knox County in 1837, was married here and has resided ever since, with the exception of a short residence in Sullivan County, where our subject was born. Solomon Wetzel followed there and elsewhere the occupation of a millwright, until of later years, which he has spent upon a small farm. Our subject was raised with his parents and secured a fair education in the common schools. At the age of seventeen he commenced the blacksmith's trade, and worked at it until he was twenty-one. Seeing the necessity of improving his education, he diligently applied himself to reading and study while working at his trade. At the age of twenty-two, having prepared himself for teaching school, he commenced and followed that profession in this county about seven years. In 1877 he began the study of law with a view to making that his profession. He read with Cauthorn & Boyle, of Vincennes, two years, and was admitted to the Knox County bar in 1878. On May 1. 1870, he established an office, and has since followed the practice of his profession, meeting with well-deserved success. In politics he is a Democrat, and has taken active part in local campaigns. He was appointed county superintendent of schools in 1875, and was a candidate for the office in 1877, but was defeated. He remains unmarried and is recognized as one of the enterprising and rising young practitioners of the county.

BEV. EDWABD P. WHALLON, A. M., Ph. D., pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Vincennes, is a native of Indiana, having been born in Putnamville, Putnam County, March 30, 1849. His father, Bev. Thomas Whallon, now in the seventyfifth year of his age, residing at Oak Park, 111., preached in Indiana for nearly half a century, graduating from Miami University and Hanover Theological Seminary, commencing his work at Bichmond, and having pastoral charge last at Vevay. He was one of a family of thirteen, the children of James and Allie (Hageman) Whallon, residing near Cincinnati during their lifetime, and descended from Irish ancestors. Bev. Thomas Whallon married Miss Harriet S. Bickle, of Centreville, Ind., the sister of Judge William A. Bickle, of Bichmond, Ind., whose parents came from Virginia, and were of German descent on the father's side, the mother's family name being Bridgland. Dr. Whallon's childhood was spent at Putnamville, Kensselaer and Tipton, from whence he went to attend Hanover College, graduating in June, 1868, receiving the degree of Master of Arts from the same institution in June, 1873. He has been a trustee of Hanover College since 1879. He attended the Theological Seminary of the Northwest, at Chicago; was licensed to preach the gospel by the Presbytery of Madison (O. S.) April 13, 1870, and after laboring a year as the home missionary at Kasson, Minn., was ordained April 25, 1871. He subsequently spent a year in study in Union Theological Seminary, New York City, where he graduated May 6, 1872. He took charge of the Presbyterian Church of Liberty, Ind., the same month, where he remained for more than six years. Here, November 17, 1873, he married Miss Nellie M. Kitchell, daughter of Jacob C. and Rebecca (Bennett) Kitchell. From this marriage four sons have been born: Philip, Thomas, Walter and Albert. In August, 1878, Dr. Whallon and his family removed to Vincennes, where he has since continued as pastor of this church, which, with the two Indiana churches, enjoys the conjoint honor of being the first Protestant Church organized in Indiana. Upon the consolidation and organization of the synod of Indiana he was chosen stated clerk, and has held the position ever since. Since the incorporation of the synod in 1884 he has been one of its trustees. He has twice represented his Presbytery in the General Assembly - at Pittsburgh, in 1878, and at Saratoga Springs, in 1884. He is a member of the General Assembly's committee on Systematic Beneficence, and is chairman of the same committee in his Presbytery and Synod. He is intimately associated with all practical work, being for many years secretary of the Knox County Bible Society, president of the Knox County Sabbath School Association, and of the third district of the State Sunday-school Union. Dr. Whallon is an active member of the Good Templars, Royal Arcanum, Odd Fellows and Masonic organizations, and for five years has been the grand chaplain of the Masonic Grand Chapter, and also of the Grand Council of the State. He has had large success as pastor of the church here. Between 200 and 300 have been received into its membership during his pastorate, the elegant new building on the corner of

Fifth and Busseron Streets has been erected, and the interests of the church have been in many ways greatly advanced. No man has warmer friends than he, and few are more warmly attached to the community in which he lives. The University of Wooster, in June, 1885, conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

JOHN WILHELM, mayor of Vincennes, Ind., was born on a farm near Mt. Carmel, 111., May 10, 1854. He is the youngest one of five children, and the only son of Conrad and Gertrude (Smith) Wilhelin, both natives of Germany. They came to the United States when young. The father located in Mt. Carmel, where he married and resided until his death, when our subject was but a small boy. He remained with his mother on the farm, securing the best education the public schools of the neighborhood afforded, attending in the winter seasons and in the summer remained upon the farm sharing the. lot of the sturdy sons of toil. At the age of seventeen years he had by his industry accumulated sufficient means to pay the expense of attending school at South Bend, Ind., and afterward attended a business college at Evansville, in the same State. His first occupation in life was the tilling of his mother's farm until he was twenty-three years of age, with the exception of the time from 1872 to 1874, when he was engaged in merchandising in Mt, Carmel, meeting with reasonable success. He began the study of law in 1874, and was admitted to the bar in 1878. He is not a member of any church, but is of liberal views. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. He came to Vincennes, Ind., March IS, 1878, and has been engaged in the practice of law since that time. His political views are Democratic. April 4, 1885, he was nominated on the Democratic ticket for mayor of the city of Vincennes, defeating James H. Shouse, a very popular man, by a large majority. He was elected on the 5th of May following without opposition, it being the first time he was ever candidate for office. December 28, 1882, he was married to Miss Nannie Browne, of Vincennes.

WILSON JOHN WILLIAMS (deceased), once president of the Vincennes Bank, was born in Charlotte, Chittenden Co., Vt., January 17, 1836, son of James W. and Adelia (Barnes) Williams, whose ancestors may be traced to Massachusetts. In boy- hood our subject received the ordinary common school education, and when quite young was given a position in a store in Burlington, Vt., and later worked in a bank in that place for about three years. Being of an energetic and enterprising disposition, he determined to seek his fortune in the great West. He located in Burlington, Iowa, where he accepted a position in the banking office of Coolbaugh & Brooks, but remained with them for only a short period. After a brief visit to New Orleans he returned to the "Hoosier State," locating in Terre Haute, where he clerked in the State Bank of Indiana. In 1863 he moved to Vincennes, where he accepted the position of cashier in another branch of the State Bank. In 1865 he was elected cashier of the Vincennes National Bank, and at the death of Mr. Ross, the president of the bank, he became president and remained such until his death. January 17, 1860, he took for his companion through life Sophia J. Isaacs, born in England in 1840, daughter of Abraham C. Isaacs, who was a native of Manchester, England, and a prominent merchant of Terre Haute at the time of his daughter's marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Williams became the parents of these children: Adelia S., a beautiful and accomplished young lady, who died at the age of seventeen; Charles W., Clara B., Margaret E., Wilson T., Robert J., Barnes and Harry R. Mr. Williams was a Mason of high order, and a Republican in his political views. His death, which occurred May 6, 1881, was a source of profound regret and sorrow to his innumerable friends. Though he is dead, yet his memory will ever remain green in the hearts of the many he has aided in their struggles with adversity. No death which has occurred in the county has been more universally regretted, for he ever had the interest and welfare of the community at heart and in charity, generosity and liberality was unsurpassed. His hand was ever extended to aid the weary and distressed, and his deeds of kindness and love will ever remain as monuments of glory to his memory. His literary tastes were of a high and cultivated order, and his library was filled with many valuable works. His great-grandfather, Col. Williams, was a soldier in the war of 1812, and he and his son, Col. Williams, our subject's grandfather, owned adjoining farms in Vermont, which are still in the possession of the Williams family, and are said to be in the most romantic and picturesque portion of the Valley of Lake Champlain. Mrs. Williams is a member of the Episcopal Church, and is a lady of rare attainments. She aided her husband in his many deeds of kindness, and since his death has carried on the good work.

HON. SAMUEL WARDELL WILLIAMS was born at Mount Carmel, 111., February 7, 1851, the son of Flemming and Elmira Williams. Flemming was the son of Joseph Williams, and is at present a well-known farmer and politician living in Wabash County, 111. The Williams family is of Irish descent. Flemming was born in New York State, and settled with his father in Edwards County, 111., about 1830. Joseph and his wife, Eliza, are buried in the cemetery at Albion, 111. The mother of the subject of this sketch was born in New York State, her maiden name being Wardell. She was a lady of culture, education and literary tastes. She died in 1875, and is buried at Mount Carmel. Samuel. W. was educated at the Friendsville Academy, a Presbyterian institution, and before he was of age served a term as deputy county clerk of Wabash County, 111., under James S. Johnston. He lived in Gibson County, Ind., several years, and engaged as book-keeper and clerk in Hazleton. In 1869 he located in Vincennes, Ind., where he has since resided. After taking a course at the old Heinly & Rank Commercial College, he became a commercial traveler for L. B. Smith, wholesale grocer, where he remained about two years. On all his trips on the road, in addition to teas, coffees and tobaccos, his sample cases contained a volume of Blackstone, Chitty or Kent, and on the trains and in the hotels he spent his time in solving the mysteries of the law. He then entered the law office of Messrs. Cauthorn & Boyle as a student, and was admitted to the Knox County bar in 1871, and to the Supreme Court in 1876. He is a close student of law and politics, and has a well-selected and valuable private library of miscellaneous works. He has had a lucrative practice in his profession from the first, and enjoys the full confidence of his clients. His work is usually in contested cases, and he is recognized as a successful jury lawyer. In 1877 and 1878 he defended Henry Berner, in the courts of Knox and Gibson Counties, on the charge of murder for killing Edward Barlien, and after a hard fight succeeded in saving his client's neck. This was the most noted criminal trial ever held in southern Indiana, and the ill-feeling against the defendant was intense. During its progress Mr. Williams was frequently threatened with assassination if he did not abandon the defense, and his refusal to do so made him many bitter enemies, some of whom have not yet, and perhaps never will, forget their hatred. Mr. Williams comes of a Democratic family, and has been on the stump in every campaign in Indian beginning with 1872, when he cast his first vote for Thomas A. Hendricks for governor. He takes pride in the fact that he has never scratched a Democratic ticket. In 1877 he was nominated in a primary election, by the Democrats, for mayor of the city of Vincennes, and was defeated by reason of a split in the party on local issues, and the election of an independent. In 1882 he was nominated by the Knox County Democracy for Representative, defeating in convention W. H. De- Wolf, Esq., and Hou. C. E. Crane. He was elected, and was again nominated, without opposition, and elected in 1884. In the Legislature he was an active and zealous worker for his county and his party. In the session of 1885 he was the leader of the majority on the floor of the House, and served on more committees, introduced more bills, resolutions and motions than any other member. He took active part in all important debates, and was chairman of the Democratic organization caucus. He was a candidate for speaker of the House in 1885, and had sixteen votes, but withdrew in favor of his personal friend, Mr. Jewett. Many of his bills passed, among them being a bill to reorganize the judicial circuits of the State, so as to constitute Knox County a circuit of itself. The highest reputation he made was over the introduction of his telephone rate bill, the passage of which he secured in the face of the strongest opposition from the Bell Telephone Company, the Western Union Telegraph Company, many of the ablest lawyers in the State, and the major part of the State press. Mr. Williams is a bachelor, a teetotaler, an Episcopalian, and a good judge of men and cigars. Toung, active, full of energy, and positive in his convictions and ideas, he has many warm friends and some bitter enemies. He is a charter member of

HIEAM WILLOUGHBY is a son of Charles and Elizabeth (Bernard) Willoughby, and was born in Beaver County, Penn., March 30, 1818, of French and English descent. His boyhood days were spent on a farm in his native county, where he secured a limited education. At the age of fourteen he left home, and served an apprenticeship at the tailor trade eighteen months, and then completed his trade in West Virginia. At the age of eighteen years he started West as journeyman tailor, working in various parts of Indiana and Ohio. In 1840 he was married to Sarah Ann Miller, of Carroll County, Ohio, and resided there three years, and then located in Madison, Ind., and worked at his trade until 1862. He then came to this city and worked at the mercb ant-tailoring business on a small scale with William Huey, continuing eight years. In 1870 Mr. Willoughby purchased Mr. Huey's interest, and in company with his son and present partner, Aurelius M., has conducted the business with marked success to the present time. The firm carries a large and select line of goods, and also deals in hats, controlling a large share of the trade in city and county. Mr. Willoughby's wife died in 1849, leaving these three children: Aurelius M., Elizabeth M., wife of D. M. McKee, and Hester E., wife of Dr. Hiram T. Clarry. Mr. Willoughby took for his second wife Hannah Lytle, who died in 1879, leaving two children: Fannie N. and Ida M. Our subject is a Republican in politics, and a member of the I. O. O. F.

BENJAMIN M. WILLOUGHBY, attorney at law, of Vincennes, Ind., was born in Ripley County, Ind., May 8, 1855, and is a son of Milton and Phcebe (Osborn) Willoughby. He is the second in a family of eight children and is of English descent. His father was born in Pittsburgh, Penn., in 1828, and the mother in Batavia, Ohio, in 1834. Many years ago the family moved to Indiana, and the parents of our subject now reside in Ripley County. Our subject's early years were spent in his native county. In 1873 he moved to Trimble County, Ky., where he followed the occupation of pedagoguing about two years. He came to Vincennes, in 1875, and for one year attended the Vincennes High

School. He was made principal of the grammar department of the Petersburgh High School in 1876, and began the study of law in the office of Capt. George G. Reily, in the spring of 1877. In the winter of 1877-78, he taught school at Sandborn, Knox Co., Incl., and in the spring of the latter year, resumed his legal studies and attended the Cincinnati Law School, graduating in 1879, and was immediately admitted to the Knox County bar. In 1882 he formed a partnership with Lewis A. Meyer, and they now constitute one of the most successful law firms in the city. He is a warm Republican in politics, and cast his first presidential vote for Hayes. He became a member of the Masonic fraternity February 14, 1880.

HIRAM ANTIBUS, one of the farmers of Washington Township, is son of Conrad and Catherine Antibus ; both parents were natives of Maryland. There they grew to years of inahirity, were married and lived for some years, when they moved to Pennsylvania. From Pennsylvania they went to Ohio, and later in life moved to Owen County, Ind., where the father died about 1835. After the war the mother went to Illinois with a daughter ; there died in 1866. By occupation the father was a blacksmith, which calling he followed during his entire life. The mother was a member of the Christian Church. The father was a Whig in politics. He was a soldier of the war of 1812, and while in Pennsylvania, filled the office of sheriff. Hiram's ancestors on his father's side were English, on his mother's German. Of such ancestry was born the subject of our sketch in 1834, in Owen County. In boyhood he went to school but little, on account of having to support a widowed mother, but since he has improved himself by reading. He lived with his mother until twenty years of age, when he took a trip West, visiting Dakota, Nebraska and Kansas. After an absence of five years he returned, considerably better off financially. After returning he ran an engine in the mill in Edwardsport, and from that went to saw-milling. In 1861 he enlisted in Company I, Nineteenth Indiana Infantry; he volunteered to sacrifice his life for the Union. He was at Bull's Run, Antietam, South Mountain, Wilderness and Gettysburg. At Petersburg, Va., he received a flesh wound from a minie-ball, but remained at his post. After three years of faithful service he returned, bearing an honorable discharge. Having come home he resumed his trade as sawyer, at which he has worked from time to time since. In 1871 he bought 120 acres of land in this township; since, by hard work and good management, has increased his farm to 196 acres, all under fence. In 1872 he was married to Laura Miller, born in 1852; they became the parents of these children: Anna, Sallie, Rebecca, Nellie, Brigham and Robert. Politically he is independent, voting for the man regardless of party

JOSEPH BAIRD, the oldest man now living who was born in Knox County, is a son of Thomas and Jane (Johnson) Baird. The father was born in 1749, in Pennsylvania. The mother, a native of the same State, was born in 1764; both had been married once before. After their companions were taken away both moved to Kentucky, where they were married 1791. Having lived there till 1801 they came to this county, where they spent the remainder of their days. The father was a farmer, owning 200 acres of land. In this family were fifteen children, the mother having three by her first marriage ; the father sis, and by their marriage also six. Both were members of the Presbyterian Church. He was one of the sturdy old patriots who fought in the Revolutionary war. In 1834 he died at the ripe old age of eight-five. The mother died in 1850. Joseph's ancestors, on both sides, were of Irish descent. He'was born in 1805 in Vincennes Township. In boyhood he had only the advantage of the old time subscription schools. He lived with his father till twenty-eight years of age ; was then married, in 1833, to Nancy L. Johnson, born in 1811, in Kentucky. She is a daughter of Samuel and Mary (Martin) Johnson. To them two children were born: Thomas J., and Samuel J. Thomas died when a child. Samuel was one of the brave boys of Company H, Fifty-first Indiana Infantry. Husband and wife are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Baird has been one of the most active and trustworthy business men of his vicinity, having been guardian for thirty-four orphan children, and turned over to them more than §60,000. Soon after marriage he settled on the farm of 196 acres, where he now lives. When he located it was nearly all in the woods and destitute of buildings. By hard work he has put it all under fence, and has 100 acres in cultivation. As a farmer he has been quite successful. He is a man ever ready to support the worthy enterprises of his community, and as a citizen he is widely known and highly respected. Mr. Baird is a stanch Republican. He voted first for J. Q. Adams.

HUGH BARB, one of the leading farmers of Washington Township, is a son of Robert and Hannah (Johnson) Barr. His father was born in Bourbon County, Ky., in 1792, and his mother was born in the same county in the same year, and there they grew to years of maturity and were married. In 1810, soon after their marriage, they immigrated to Daviess County, Ind., but from fear of massacre by the Indians, returned to their native county, Mrs. Barr carrying her first born on horseback. Not long after this, however, they returned to Daviess County and settled in Barr Township, where they lived until 1856, when they removed to Knox County to spend the remainder of their days with their son Hugh. They were the parents of eight children - six boys and two girls, all of the former except Hugh being farmers, in this respect following in the footsteps of their father. He was a member of the Christian Church, joining it at the age of sixty-three, a rare instance of conversion at an old age. Mr. Barr was a member of the Mississippi Baptist Church. Politically he was an old line Whig until the organization of the Republican party, when he became a supporter1 of its principles. Grandfather Barr was probably a native of Ireland, and served as a soldier in the Revolutionary war, being taken prisoner when Gen. Gates was defeated. Grandfather Johnson also fought in the same war and was a native of Germany. Of such ancestry was born the subject of this sketch in Barr- Township in 1817. In boyhood he enjoyed very limited educational advantages, not having attended school in all more than five months, and during that time scarcely learned to read and write. At the age of sixteen he was hired out to work in a still-house, in which he remained seven years, notwithstanding which experience he did not contract a bad habit. Having accumulated a capital of $281, he desired to engage in merchandising. During the seven years he worked in the still-house he so won the confidence of his employer that now he invested some $600 with Mr. Barr's $281, and entrusted the management to him. With this small capital he stocked up in 1840 in Bruceville. Two years later Mr. Barr became sole proprietor. Some time after he engaged in flat-boating to New Orleans, making eight trips. For thirty years he continued the mercantile business in Bruceville, and for two years he ran a store at Bicknell. About 1846 Mr. Barr purchased seventy acres of land, and by close attention to business and good management he increased the number of acres to 350. In 1842 Mr. Barr was married to Martha B. McClure, a native of Washington Township, Daviess County, and a daughter of Joseph and Mary (Gowens) McClure. Both parents were from Kentucky, being among the early settlers of Knox County. To Mr. and Mrs. Barr have been born eight children : DanielJ., Robert N., Alice, Henry C, Ann B., Mary R, Joseph H. and John L. Those living are Henry C, one of the proprietors of a large flouring-mill at Princeton; Joseph H, a farmer of Washington Township; Alice, Ann B. and Mary F. Mrs. Barr died in 1882. Three years afterward Mr. Barr was married to Kate (Beckes) Nugent, who was born in 1833 in Johnson Township. Mr. Nugent was a Presbyterian minister, and both Mrs. Nugent's parents were natives of the county. Mr. Barr is a stanch Republican, and cast his first vote for Gen. Harrison for President. Both himself and wife are professing Christians, he being a member of the Christian Church and she of the Presbyterian. When the Hyatt & Co. Savings Bank failed two assignees were appointed, Mr. Barr and William Hyatt. Mr. Hyatt having died Mr. Barr was left to perform the arduous task alone.

ROBERT P. BARR, one of the prominent farmers of Washington Township, and a son of Robert and Hannah (Johnson) Barr, was born in 1827 in Daviess County, Ind. In boyhood he had limited advantages for education, attending only the old subscription schools, and to them would go about two days and stay at home three. At the age of twenty, his parents being poor, young Robert paid his father for the remainder of the time his services were due, and began to battle his own way in the world, working by the month. For five years he thus worked, saving $90 in the meantime. On such a capital he set up housekeeping. In 1851 he was married to Matilda Gude, born in Washington Township, 1829. She is a daughter of Jesse and Ann (Farris) Gude. To Mr. and Mrs. Barr five children were born: Martha J., William, Robert, Alfred and Mary. Robert is one of the rising young teachers of Washington Township, and also carries on farming. Martha is the wife of George Elliott, a farmer of the township. Husband, wife and two of the children are members of the Christian Church. About 1854 Mr. Barr purchased 160 acres of land where he now lives, going in debt for the entire amount, his brother Hugh promising to aid him. He was then taken sick, and so remained for one whole year. So thoroughly discouraged was he that he went to Hugh and offered to give a mortgage on the farm, thinking he could never pay for it; but his brother said for him to try again, he was not afraid of his failure. Thus encouraged he began, and not only paid for that land but has increased his farm to 260 acres, of which some 200 acres are under cultivation. As to political views Mr. Barr is a stanch Republican and cast his first vote for Taylor. As a farmer he has been quite successful. He is an example of what a young man of determination can do.

WILLIAM V. BARR, one of the merchants of Bruceville, is a son of William Valentine and Sarah J. (Piety) Barr. The father was born in 1825, in Daviess County. The mother is a native of Washington Township, Knox County. When young he came to this county, and, having married, settled in Bruceville, where he spent the remainder of his days in tailoring, being quite successful in business. In 1854 the father died. Some ten years later the mother married J. M. Woodruff. Since her marriage she has lived in Johnson County. Subject is the youngest of the two children of his father. Born in Bruceville, in 1854, he grew to manhood under his mother's care. His educational advantages were limited to the common schools and a term's work at Butler University. At the age of nineteen he began to battle his own way in the world by working on the farm for wages. After thus working for some four years he purchased a farm of 140 acres of land and began farming for him- self, continuing till 1883, when he sold his land and took a half interest in the store known as Willis & Barr. In 1877 he was married to Rebecca Willis, born in 1856 in Washington Township. She is a daughter of Clark and Nancy J. ( Simpson ) Willis. To Mr. and Mrs. Barr four children were born: Jennie, Walter G, Elsie M. and Myrtle. Both husband and wife are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Barr is a supporter of Republican principles, and cast his first vote for Garfield. As a business man he has met with fair success, having a good share of the respect and confidence of the community.

JOSEPH H. BARR, one of the rising young farmers of Knox County, Ind., is son of Hugh and Martha (McClure) Barr, and was born in Washington Township in 1861. He had good educational advantages in his younger days, and completed his course at the Bruceville High School. At the age of twenty-one he began farming for himself on his father's place, and a year later was married to Susie B. Kelso, born in 1861 in Dubois County, Ind. She is a daughter of Lemuel S. and Sarah (Chappell) Kelso. Mr. and Mrs. Barr are the parents of these two children: Hugh and Sarah. Mrs. Barr is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and Mr. Barr is a stanch Republican, casting his first vote for Blaine. After marriage they moved on a farm of 186 acres given them by Mr. Barr's father. In addition they have charge of 189 acres, which makes them a good farm. Mr. Barr devotes much of his time to raising cattle, disposing of about 150 yearly. He has met with good success, and promises to make a business man equal to his father.

HERMAN B. BARROWS was bom in Albion, 111., in 1823. His parents, Herman and Mary (Kurtz) Barrows, were born in Massachusetts and Pennsylvania in 1788 and 1798, respectively. The mother, at the time of her marriage in 1811, was attending a boarding school, where girls were supposed to have very delicate appetites. Though only thirteen years of age, she contrived to make her escape, and married our subject's father. They soon after came to Evansville, Ind., where the father worked at brickmaking, and erected the first court house ever put up in that city. They finally settled in Illinois, where they lived until the father's death. On a trip down the Mississippi he was taken with yellow fever, from which he died, in 1828. The mother was afterward twice married. She died in 1870. In boyhood our subject attended the subscription schools, and when only eleven years old hired out as cabin-boy on a boat plying on the Wabash and Ohio Rivers, and was afterward engaged as cook on a small boat. At the age of fifteen he began learning the tailors trade, and as compensation was to receive a quarter's schooling and a suit of clothes. At the end of that time he made tailoring his chief calling for about eleven years. In 1844 he was married to Eliza C, daughter of John and Mary (Hunter) Hunter, natives of North Carolina and Tennessee, respectively. In 1852 he purchased forty acres, but soon sold out and purchased 100 acres in Washington Township. He now owns 450 acres. He at first knew but little about farming, biit is now considered one of the first farmers in the county. Mr. and Mrs. Barrows became the parents of nine children: William W., Marshall H., Mary, John E., George E., Anne, Inez, Emma and Nora. William and Marshall were in the late war. George has prepared himself for the ministry at the Bible College of the Kentucky University. The family are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Barrows is conservative in politics.

JOHN T. BOYD was born in Chester District, S. O, in 1805. When young he removed to Virginia, where he was married in 1823, to Christena Arney, born in 1807. They came to Knox County, Ind., in 1832, and settled on a woodland farm. He in time became the owner of 1,250 acres of land. He was a house carpenter and cabinet-maker by trade. For a number of years he kept an agricultural implement establishment in Vincennes. For about two years he was township trustee and served as justice of the peace for some eight years. He was a man noted for his charity, and donated liberally to De Pauw University. He was a Republican and died in 1876. The mother's death occurred in 1885. Matthew S. Boyd, son of John T. Boyd, was born in Knox County, Ind., in 1848. He secured a good common school education, and remained with his parents until he was twenty-eight years of age, when he began his career as a farmer. He received 200 acres of land from his father's estate, which he cleared and improved and furnished with good buildings. In 1878 he was married to Violet Ruggles, born in 1851, daughter of Aaron and Mary M. (Wallace) Euggles, born in 1813 and 1815 in Indiana and Kentucky respectively. They spent the most of their lives in Daviess County, Ind. The father was a miller all his life with the exception of a few years spent in farming. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The mother died in 1878. The father still lives. Mr. and Mrs. Boyd are the parents of two children : Stanley and Myrtle. Both are members of the Methodist ^Episcopal Church, and he is a stanch Republican and cast his first presidential vote for U. S. Grant.

JOHN G. BOYD, a farmer of Knox County, Ind., son of John T. and Christina (Arney) Boyd, was born in 1839 in Washington Township. In boyhood he had very good opportunities of attending the old-fashioned schools. Until twenty-five years of age he staid with his father on the farm. Then he was married in 1866 to Louisa Phillippe, born in 1840. She is a daughter of Peter and Rebecca (Fox) Phillippe. Soon after marriage Mr. Boyd settled on the farm where he now lives. Having bought 200 acres in woods on credit, he went to work to clear it up and make a farm. By hard work and good management he has not only paid for it, but has cleared 140 acres and put it in a good state of cultivation. To Mr. and Mrs. Boyd three children were born: David F.. Naomi A. and Flora B. Husband, wife and all the children are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Boyd is a stanch Republican and cast his first vote for Lincoln. As a farmer he has been quite successful. He is an example of what a young man of industry and good habits can accomplish.

WILLIAM BRUCE, one of the oldest settlers of Washington Township, was born in 1776 in western Pennsylvania, where he lived for eight years, and then with his parents moved to Kentucky near Louisville, then a mere village. In this State he grew to manhood, and was married in 1798 to Sallie Polke, born in 1782. She was a daughter of Charles Polke. Her mother, herself, and three older children were captured by the Indians, who would have scalped them, but they could get a higher price for prisoners than scalps. After remaining there about a year, enduring all the hardships imposed upon them by their savage foes, they were redeemed and returned to their friends. Mr. Bruce by his first wife had fifteen children. Soon after marriage he bought a small piece of land, and after living on it for some time, an older claim deprived him of his farm. Thereupon he put his wife, four children and household goods on horses and started for Vincennes, Ind., in 1805. After remaining there a year he purchased 200 acres of timber where Bruceville now stands, the town taking its name from him. Having built a cabin, he settled among the few whites and many Indians. Here he spent the remainder of his days in agricultural pursuits. During the Indian troubles he was called upon to lead a company, as its captain, to the defense of Vincennes. From there he proceeded up the Wabash River, it being his duty to see that the enemy did not get in the rear of Harrison's army. A fort was constructed about this time on the farm of Mr. Bruce. The war being ended he returned to peaceful pursuits. In 1818 his first wife died, and in the following year he married Hettie R. Holmes, born 1794. She was a daughter of William and Elizabeth Holmes. To this second marriage eighteen children were born. Mr. Bruce1 s first wife was a member of the Baptist Church, himself also until some twenty years before his death, when he became a member of the Christian Church, being a very prominent member. He was a radical Whig in politics. In 1853 he died, and the mother in 1808. Of such parentage was born in 1826, John H. Bruce in Bruceville, he being the twentieth child. In boyhood he attended the old-time subscription schools, and at the age of twenty- one went to Missouri and helped clear the ground where Kansas City now stands; having returned the same year and attended school for a short time, and ran on a flat-boat four trips down the Mississippi; then taught school about thirteen terms. In 1850 he was married to Angeline Threlkeld, born in 1825 in Washington Township. She is a daughter of James and Sallie (Handley) Threlkeld. Her father, born 1773, was a native of Virginia; her mother, born 1783, of Pennsylvania, In early life both moved to Shelby County, Ky. There they were married in 1801. In 1804 they moved to Knox County and settled near Vincennes. The father was taken from among the living in 1850; the mother in 1855. Both were members of the Christian

Church. To Mr. and Mrs. Bruce four children were born: Sallie, Hettie, Cora M. and William E. ; all of whom, save Cora, have been teachers, William E. being one of the rising young teachers of his township. Both he and wife are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Bruce has been honored with seveial offices. For five years he was township clerk, and afterward held the office of assessor for six years. He was trustee for four years, the Bruceville Graded School building being the result of his foresight. In all of these positions he has shown ability and given good satisfaction. He is a man who takes a deep interest in all enterprises tending to build up the morality and intelligence of his community.

IRA DONHAM, one of the farmers of Washington Township, is a son of William and Sarah (Arthur) Donham. The father was born in 1784 in Pennsylvania; the mother, a native of Virginia, was born in the same year. When young both moved to Ohio, where they were married and lived till 1833, when they came to Indiana and settled in Vigo County, where both died. By occupation the father was a farmer, and for some years ran a grist and saw-mill. During his entire life he was an industrious and energetic worker. Both parents were members of the Baptist Church, and politically he was an old-time Democrat. The father died in 1849 and the mother in 1863. Ira's ancestors on his father's side were natives of Spain. About the time of the Inquisition they were so persecuted on account of their religious views that they decided to come to America. In order to do that they were obliged to change their name. Their original name was Singleton, but in order to get away with their lives they changed it to Donham, which they have borne ever since. Erom Spain they went to Wales, and finally to America. His ancestors on his mother's side were of Scotch descent. Of such ancestors was born, in 1817, the subject of this sketch in Clermont County, Ohio. In boyhood he had meager advantages for education, having to go six miles to the old time subscription schools. At the age of twenty-one he began to do for himself. For three years he helped survey the canal from Terre Haute to Evansville. Then having received eighty acres of land from his father he began farming, and after making several changes finally settled in

Knox County in 1S72 on the farm where he now lives. In 1838 lie was married to Cynthia A. Townsley, born in 1822 in the same county as the husband. To this union eleven children were born : Elizabeth, Nathaniel, America, Susan, Abel. George A., Joseph, Cinderella, Sarah, William and Lena L. All the sons are farmers. Eight of the children have been married. America was married to Perry West, who died from exposure in the war, leaving his wife, without property, to raise four little girls, the eldest about eight years of age. She has brought them up iu a praiseworthy manner. The eldest k now one of the first teachers in Palmyra Township. She secured her education by working by the week during summer and going to school in winter. Lena L. married Lawson B. McNeece, who was killed by a runaway team. In 1839 Mr. Donham bought eighty acres of timber land in Clay County, for which he largely paid with coon skins at $1 a piece. Here he settled in a log house 18x20 surrounded by howling wolves and other wild animals. Now. he has 111 acres of good land. Mrs. Donham is a member of the Baptist Church. For a time he was trustee in Fountain County, justice of the peace in Clay County and assessor for fourteen years. He is a stanch Democrat, his first vote being cast for Van Buren.

GEOKGE AY. FLEMING is a son of Bubus and Louisa (Byers) Fleming, who were born in Smith County, Va., in 1812 and 1819, respectively. In 1838 they moved to Mississippi, where they spent the remainder of their days. The father followed blacksmithing until about fifteen years before his death, when he turned his attention to farming. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he was a Whig and a Democrat. The mother died in 1843, and about three years later he married Julia Avery. His death occurred in 1883. George W. was born in Virginia in 1836. He received a good education in Mississippi, and at the age of twelve years he and his youngest sister came to Knox County, Ind., to live with their relatives. George lived with an uncle until twenty-one years of age, when, with a horse and a suit of clothes, he began to do for himself. For five years he worked by the month, saving his wages and keeping it on interest. After renting land some time he purchased 136 acres, where he now lives. In 1S63 he was married to Elizabeth Brentlinger, born in Knox County, in 1844, daughter of George and Mary (McClure) Brentlinger. To them -were born four children: Hugh E., Daniel R, Mary J., and George B. Hugh is a salesman in a grocery store in Kansas. Mrs. Eleming is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr. Fleming is a stanch Democrat, and cast his first vote for Douglas. He has always been very industrious, and is now reaping the reward of his labor.

PETEK FOX, a farmer of Washington Township, Knox Co., Ind., son of Stephen and Hannah (Hollings worth) Fox, was born in 1837 in Washington Township. In boyhood he had the disadvantages of the old log schoolhouse and the old-time teachers. His being the oldest son obliged him to stay at home to get wood and do odd jobs, so that his school-days were few. He remained with his father until twenty-six years of age, when he was married, in 1863, to Mary Phillippe, born in 1846, in Washington Township. To this union seven children were. born: Edward D., William E. (deceased), Martin L., Marion B., Alice P., Joseph C, and Charley B. Soon after his marriage Mr. Fox's father gave him eighty acres of land without improvement and mostly in the woods. By hard work and good management he has since increased it to 160 acres, of which some 125 acres are under cultivation, furnished with a good house. Both husband and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Fox is a stanch Democrat, and cast his first vote for Douglas. He has made farming a success. Having started with a small beginning, he has arisen to the ownership of a good farm. He is a man ever ready to support public enterprises.