Daviess County, Indiana - Chapter 6, 1886 (part 1 of 2)

Chapter 6

Military History - The Mexican Soldiers - Events Preceding the Rebellion - The Fall of Sumter and the Tall to Arms - War Meetings and Volunteers - Sketches of the Various Regiments - Casualties and Recruits - Loyalty and Disloyalty- Guerrilla Alarms and Personal Encounters - The Veterans - The Drafts - Summary of Men - Bounty and Relief - The Legion - Calls of the Government.

A FEW of the earliest residents of the couuty served in the Revolutionary war and in the brief struggle of 1812, but as no record of them was kept, their names and services cannot be given here. After the war of 1812 the militia system was fully kept up until all apprehension of danger from Indians was past, and was then suffered to slowly fall into disuse. There were made in the county two separate recruiting efforts for the war with Mexico in 1846-47, though but little can be said concerning them. Under the first effort Charles Childs, Thomas Coulter. Gabriel Moots, Nelson Boulton, Patrick Carley and Jacob Leap enlisted, and served in Company H of the Second Indiana Regiment, under Capt. Joseph W. Briggs, of Sullivan County. They left the county about June, 1846, and served for one year. They fought at Buena Vista. In 1847 Capt. Ford, of the Third United States Dragoons, recruited Alexander H. Doherty, Thomas Coulter, William Samples, John Samples, Jacob Leaj), William Sanders, William Smith, William Hubbard and Nelson Jackson. These men went no farther than St. Louis, owing to the closing of the war. Peace was then enjoyed until the slaveholders' rebellion of 1861-65.

Events Preceding The Rebellion

During the presidential campaign of 1860, the most exciting and ominous that had ever occurred, up to that time, in the history of the Government, the citizens of Daviess County realized the magnitude of public events and the danger which threatened the dismemberment of the Union. As time passed, and the Southern States one after another enacted ordinances of secession, took possession of important military points and supplies, and formed a confederacy to assist one another in the common determination to set up a separate government, many in the county lost all hope of their restoration to the Federal Union. Compromises of all descriptions were discussed with an earnestness and vehemence that revealed the fires of patriotism burning in all breasts. All views, from the rankest Southern to the hottest Northern, were publicly expressed. The Telegraph, edited at Washington by S. F. Horrall, took a loyal position from the start. In his issue of February 1, 1861, he said: "That the action of South Carolina and other seceding States is treason against the General Government is true; and yet, strange as it may seem, we find men in the free States who try to justify this treason, as if there could be any justification of a crime so heinous and damnable. However, we never find one who is not willing to admit that secessionists have acted hastily, that they have been guilty of treason ; but for all this they are disposed to say : ' Let the seceders alone! If you disturb them, if you execute the laws, they will fight, anil down goes the fabric of the Government.1 But can any human power satisfy the seceders? Are they not bent on doing violence to the laws of the Government, setting the powers that be at defiance, regardless of any consequences? Has one word been uttered by any one of the seceding States that in case of a satisfactory compromise, giving them all they have ever asked, that goes to prove that they would accept the compromise and come back into the Union? We can hardly believe that they will ever willingly come back until, by experience, they have learned the sad lesson of secession. As to war, God knows we hope we may never see the day that the first blow will be struck, for then we may not even guess at the end. We hope that the virtue of forbearance will be clung to till the last ray of hope shall have vanished, then, if it comes to the worst, let us prepare to meet the issue."

ary 25, 1861, it said: "Southern Democrats demanded more than Northern Democrats were willing to concede, hence the secession took place there first. First they determined to dissolve the Democratic party, which they did; then the Union, which they say they have fully accomplished; but Uncle Sam has not yet given up the ship, and we hope never will." In the issue of February 1, it also said: " The fidelity of Southern seceders to the Democratic party has always depended upon the extent to which the party was willing to yield to their desires." The facts contained in these extracts were, at that time, known only to persons who had made the questions which divided the North and the South an intelligent study. Many in the county not conversant with details and justifiable conclusions, really thought that the South had been unjustly treated; not so the editor of the Telegraph. No week elasped that he did not denounce the imbecility, if not absolute disloyalty, of the neglect of Buchanan's administration to strangle the hydra of secession in its monstrous infancy. He looked for immediate and warlike action from Mr. Lincoln; but as time passed and his hopes, with those of thousands of others, were not realized, he at first lost heart; but soon rallied, as the wisdom of peaceful overtures and deliberation was developed. March 15 the Telegraph said: "It appears to be the policy of the administration to evacuate Fort Sumter. This is regarded by some as a master stroke of policy, and by some just the contrary. We have every confidence in the wisdom and patriotism of the administration, and feel sure that the best efforts will be made to guide the ship of state aright and a collision avoided if it can be done. It is evident that the secessionists have hoped to bring about a collision with the General Government, and that their only hope of success lies in this direction. If we had our way we should say, 'hang the rebels ; ' but he who plunges into a long and bloody war when there is a probability of reaching the desired end peaceably, will surely take a great and awful responsibility upon himself; therefore, the administration being one of wisdom and full of patriotism, we presume every movement in this critical time of national affairs will be well weighed before it is made. Statesmen express strong hope that the Union will yet be safe, and that our country may again be the same happy land of freedom. God grant it!"

The Fall Of Sumter

At last came the news of the fall of Fort Sumter, and the prompt call of the President for 75,000 volunteers to put down the Rebellion. The excitement in Daviess County, and particularly at Washington, was intense. The surrounding country became almost depopulated - was poured upon the towns to learn the news. Every whispered rumor was caught up like a spark and spread out over the county like a prairie fire. All felt instinctively that the crisis had come ; that an awful calamity had overtaken the county where white-robed peace had so long presided. The following is an extract from a long, loyal editorial in the Telegraph of April 19: "Friends, the national flag, the glorious stars and stripes which you have so long looked upon with patriotic pride, has been dishonored ! The colors have been struck to traitors, and what will you do? Will you who love the honor of your country stand idly by and see that emblem of our liberty torn asunder? Never! never!! never!!! We know that patriotism is at no discount in Indiana, and honestly believe that 100,- 000 men can be raised in ten days to fight for the flag, the Union, the Constitution and the enforcement of the laws. And since it has come to the worst, since nothing will appease the wrath of the traitors, we say, in God's name, let us, one and all, fight for our flag, our country and our God. We are sadly mistaken if Indiana shall be last in rank ; but we are not mistaken. The war now commenced, every patriot will do his duty ; and, if we have traitors in our midst, we very much mistake the feeling of this State if it will not soon become so hot that it will not hold those who rejoice at the hoisting of the hateful traitor flag."

Mass Meetings

A public meeting was called to be held at the court house Wednesday evening, April 17, and the room was densely packed by representatives of all shades of opinion. Upon motion Noah S. Given was elected chairman, and John M. Van Trees, secretary. Mr. Given, upon taking the chair, delivered a ringing and lengthy speech of intense loyalty and conviction, declaring himself in favor of quelling the Rebellion at all hazards and at any cost. He was frequently interrupted by storms of applause. S. F.

Horrall, W. Ray Gardiner, John Hyatt, Edward McGrisaken, O. F. Rodarmel, and Joseph Peck were appointed a committee to prepare resolutions expressive of the sense of the meeting, and reported the following :

" Whereas, With sorrow and deep regret, we lament the condition of our beloved country, and with feelings of pain we have heard that the flag of our country has been lowered to a hostile foe; therefore be it

"Resolved, That with our utmost energy and power we will sustain the Union, the Constitution, and the laws of the United States of America, and that we will protect with our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honors, the flag of our country from insult, whether from foreign or domestic foe."

Several short speeches were made by gentlemen present, all loyal and stirring appeals to maintain the Union against all odds. Every speaker was interrupted with tumultuous cheers. Many ladies were present, encouraging the stern expressions of fidelity to the Government. The Saxe Horn Band played the principal national airs, the familiar music of which had a pathos never felt before, and brought tears to many sad eyes. The meeting adjourned; but so great was the interest felt, that another large assemblage convened at the same place the following evening, the room being crowded to suffocation. J. W. Burton was chosen chairman, and S. F. Horrall, secretary. Mr. Burton, upon taking the chair, delivered a brilliant, stirring, fiery speech, incisive with 1 latriotism and logic, full of searching blows of keen invective. He was followed by M. L. Brett, Dr. Horrall, and others, all of whom were cheered to the echo for their hot denunciations of the course of Rebellion. At many schoolhouses and churches throughout the county similar meetings were held, speeches made and resolutions adopted, an account of which was not preserved. The whole county was in a whirl of angry excitement, and the great prevailing expression was for immediate war.

The First Company For The War

The news of the fall of Sumter had scarcely been received before calls were made for a company for the three months' service. By Thursday Evening, April 18, over 100 men had enrolled them- selves. Charles Childs was elected captain; Richard W. Meredith, first lieutenant; and Alanson Solomon, second lieutenant. Friday, April 19, five days after the news was received that Sumter had fallen, the company wired its offer of services to the governor, and received an immediate reply of acceptance, with orders to report at Indianapolis for active service without delay. At this time the town of Washington was a sight the oldest inhabitants had never before witnessed. The Saxe Horn Band was scarcely off duty clay or night, but paraded the streets at the head of militia companies, firing the hearts of all with the grand strains of "Hail Columbia," "The Eed, White and Blue," "Yankee Doodle," and other national airs. In all directions the stars and stripes were flung to the breeze, until the wonder was where all the banners came from. All business except that of making " war to the knife and knife to the hilt " was abandoned. America had never before seen such a popular uprising. The company prepared to start for the State capital the next day, Saturday, April 2.0, and the ladies gathered together and hastily made a beautiful silk banner to be presented to the company. George Houts, Elisha Hyatt, Milton Crabbs, William Helpenstine, and others pledged themselves to see that the families of volunteers were cared for. J. W. Burton, N. S. Given and S. F. Horrall were especially prominent and energetic for the war. The company prepared to leave by the train Saturday, and just before starting the impressive ceremony of the flag presentation was held. Mrs. P. Cruse in a short address, full of sentiment, patriotism and good advice, presented the flag, which was received by Capt. Childs, to which address Mr. Cook responded eloquently on behalf of the company, pledging the lives of the company to maintain its honor. The whole town turned out to see the boys off. At the depot it was a sad occasion. All felt that some of the boys would never return. Old men, while tears ran down their furrowed cheeks, clasped the hands of the boys, and, in broken tones, begged them never to see the stars and stripes trailed in the dust. Sweet women - wives, mothers, sisters, lovers, clung with sobs of anguish to the dear forms of loved ones, upon whom they might never again look. At last the train came in, was boarded by the boys, and amid the flourish of the bands and the sobs and lingering farewells of friends, swept away with its living sacrifice for the altar of secession. At Indianapolis the men became Company C, of the Sixth Regiment, and were mustered into the three months1 service April 2-4, 1861. After the term of service had expired the company returned, and the regiment was reorganized for the three years' service. A full company was raised in September and October, 1861, which became Company E, of the Sixth. About half of the company was mustered in late in September and the remainder early in October, The officers of this company during its time of service were as follows: Charles R. Van Tress and Oscar F. Rodarmel, captains ; Henry C. Hall, Sr., Alanson Solomon, O. F. Rodarmel and Henry E. Van Trees, first lieutenants; Alanson Solomon, O. F. Rodarmel and H. E. Van Trees, second lieutenants.

Sketch Of The Sixth Regiment

The Sixth Regiment - three months1 service - was mustered in at Indianapolis, April 25, 1861, with Thomas T. Crittenden, colonel. May 30 it was moved to West Virginia, but was previously fully armed and equipped. June 2 it reached Webster, and the same night was marched, through a heavy rain, fourteen miles, and on the morning of the 3d took part in the battle of Phillipi. It then returned to Grafton, and was brigaded under Gen. Morris. It participated in the march to Laurel Hill, and was in the engagement with Garrett at Carrick's Ford, July 12. Late in July it returned to Indianapolis and was mustered out, and finally discharged August 2. It was reorganized for the three years1 service September 20, 1861, and on the same day Col. Crittenden took about 500 of the regiment and moved into Kentucky to oppose Gen. Buckner. He moved from Louisville to Mu]drate5s Hill, and a little later encamped at Nolin Creek. Here, in October, this portion of the regiment was joined by 300 recruits under Lieut-Col. Prather. The regiment was made a part of Rousseau's brigade of McCooks1 division, and was soon marched with BuelFs army to Mumfordsville, Woodsonville and Bowling Green, remaining at the latter place until March, 1862 ; then moved to Nashville and encamped. A few weeks later it moved to Savannah, Tenn., marching 140 miles in seven days, and reached Shiloh early in the morning of the second day. During the day it was actively engaged, gallantly saving one of the Federal batteries from capture, and charging the enemy. It participated in the siege of Corinth, and later (in October) moved back to Louisville, Ky. In November it again moved into Tennessee, and later took part in the battle of Stone Kiver. During the spring and summer of 1863 it did extensive campaigning duty in Tennessee. September 19 and 20 it fought at bloody Chickamauga, losing its colonel. It also fought at Brown's Ferry and at Mission Eidge. It then remained in east Tennessee until the spring of 1864. In the Atlanta campaign it fought at Tunnel Hill, Eocky Face Eidge, Eesaca, Buzzard Eoost, Dallas, New Hope, Allatoona Eidge, Kenesaw Mountain, Marietta and before Atlanta. Late in August, 1864, it returned to Chattanooga, where the non-veterans were mustered out. The remaining men were transferred to the Sixty-eighth Eegiment. When the last named regiment was mustered out, nineteen men of the old Sixth were yet in the service, and were transferred to the Forty-fourth Eegiment, with which they were finally mustered out September 14, 1865.

Casualties Of The Sixth Regiment

There were no casualties during the three months' service, except the death of Joseph G. Scott (private) while on the way home. In the three years' service Company E lost several. Wayne Alford died at Corinth of disease, June, 1862; Isaac Alexander died of disease at Enoxville, April, 1864; Abram W. Carnahan was captured by the enemy at Brown's Ferry, and died in Andersonville prison, August, 1864; Benton McCafferty was wounded at Mission Eidge; Lafayette Alford died at home, of disease, May, 1862 ; John Azbell died at Chattanooga, of wounds, November, 1863; George H. Bradford died of disease at home, November, 1862; Thomas M. L. Colvin died at Chattanooga, of wounds, November, 1864; Josiah Farley was killed at Mission Eidge, November, 1863; Josiah Graham was killed at Chickamauga, September, 1863 ; Napoleon Heberd was killed at Mission Eidge; John Hill died of disease at Woodson ville, Ky., February, 1862 ; John Killion died of disease at Woodsonville ; James Lambert died of disease at Iuka, June, 1862; Joshua McLinn died of disease at Nashville, January, 1863; Charles Palmer, killed at Chickamauga, September, 1863 ; William Reily died of consumption in Martin County, Ind. ; Thomas Taylor, killed at Mission Ridge; Joseph D. Teverbaugh died at Chattanooga, of wounds, November, 1863; Levi Wheeler died of disease at Woodsonville. February, 1862; George M. Wheeler died of wounds at Chattanooga, December, 1863; William H. Wilson died of disease at Louisville, April, 1863; Aaron Hunter, a recruit, was killed at Shiloh, April 7, 1862; Robert Warner, a recruit, died of disease at Louisville, in 1862; Lieut. Alanson Solomon died of exposure at his home in Washington, Ind., May, 1862.

Patriotic Measures And Utterances

The Telegraph of April 19, 1861, said: "We have a few Secessionists, it appears, in our town who seem to glory that the flag of our country has been torn from Fort Sumter, and the Federal troops been obliged to surrender. In the days of Christ, for thirty pieces of silver, there was one whose heart was so damnably corrupt that he betrayed his Master. In the Revolution there were those who fought under the enemy's flag; therefore, it is not astonishing to us that we find some who are now willing to join an army of traitors. If they prefer to do so, let them go; God knows we are better off without than with them." The war spirit did not die with the departure of the first company ; others in different portions of the country were soon formed, and several were mustered into the "Indiana Legion." It was noted at this time that Colman Wallace had four sons and three grandsons in the company of Capt. Childs. T. N. Robinson, in the exuberance of his devotion to the stars and stripes, came out in a special card to the public, declaring himself true to his country, and in favor of the war. A flag-pole 151 feet high was erected in Washington, from which the American flag fluttered in the breeze day and night. Quite a strong sentiment of disloyalty began to be manifested at this time. The Telegraph cautioned moderation and freedom from passion. A company for cavalry service was ready early in May, and obtained uniforms. A little later than this a man named Rice, while at Maysville, cut the Union flag rope there, hauled down the flag, and was in the act of cutting it in pieces when he was forcibly prevented by a citizen, and soon arrested on a State warrant, tried before Justice Cloud, and fined 50 cents (double the damage done) and costs. He claimed to have been drunk when he did the act. When it was found that the governor would receive no more companies, interest in maintaining their organization flagged somewhat. In July, however, came the call for 500,000 men, which stimulated enlistments anew.

bolton's company. In July, 1861, a Ml company was raised for the Twentyfourth Regiment. The men were mustered in July 31, at Vincennes, the place of rendezvous, and became Company D. The officers during the war was as follows: Nelson F. Bolton and Samuel M. Smith, captains: Jacob Covert, S. M. Smith, and Henry H. Hyatt, first lieutenants ; S. M. Smith and H. H. Hyatt, second lieutenants; Thomas Johnson, of Washington, was captain of Company K, same regiment, and T. M. Gibson, second lieutenant. In the reorganization H. H. Hyatt became adjutant, S. M. Smith, captain of Company C; Anthony Johnson, second lieutenant, out of the same, and W. S. Waller, second lieutenant of Company E.

Sketch Of The Twenty-Fourth

The Twenty-fourth Regiment was mustered in at Vincennes, July 31, 1861, with Alvin P. Hovey as colonel. Aiigust 10 it moved to St. Louis, and moved into the interior of Missouri, where it remained until February, 1862, when it moved to assist in the reduction of Fort Donelson. It was too late, and then moved to Fort Henry. It was hotly engaged at Shiloh, losing many men, including Maj. Gerber. April 28 Col. Hovey became a brigadier -general, and W. T. Spicely succeeded him as colonel. The regiment participated in the siege of Corinth, thence moved to Memphis, thence, in July, to Helena, Ark., where it remained during the winter, engaged in sundry expeditions. In the spring of 1863 it moved in Hovey's Division in the Vicksburg campaign, fighting at Port Gibson, Champion Hills, and elsewhere. In the latter battle it distinguished itself by a furious charge on the enemy. It was very active during the siege, and later moved to

New Orleans. During the fall of 1863 it did duty at New Iberia and Algiers. In January, 1864, it veteranized, and went home on furlough soon after. After this it did duty in Louisiana, and December 10 was consolidated with the Sixty-seventh under the old name. In January, 1865, it was moved to Florida, and in April participated in the investment of Mobile, fighting near Blakely, Ala. It then moved to Selma, and was soon transferred to Galveston, Tex. July 16, 1865, it was reorganized as a battalion of five companies. The other companies, whose terms had expired, were mustered out. They were welcomed at Indianapolis by a public reception. The battalion continued in service until late in 1865.

Casualties. - Capt. S. M. Smith, wounded at Shiloh and Champion Hills ; James P. Cruse' died of disease at home, January, 1862 ; Milton Jackson died of disease at St. Louis, Mo. ; Asbury D. Alexander died of disease at St. Louis, January, 1865; John C. Balthus died of disease in 1861. William Bradsbury died of diesease in 1862 at Jefferson City, Mo. ; William Brown died at St. Louis, November, 1861; William Edwards died of disease in 1862 at Helena, Ark. ; Jackson Edwards, killed at Magnolia Hills; William Graham killed, May, 1863, at Cham- 2^ion Hills; Thomas Hardin died of disease at home in 1862; Peter Hawkins died of disease at home in 1862; George Hawkins died of disease at Tipton, Mo., in 1862; Thomas Hyatt died of wounds, April, 1862 ; John B. Johnson died of disease at Tipton, Mo., in 1862; George Messer died of disease at Tij>ton, December, 1861 ; John Montgomery died at Vicksburg, July, 1863 ; Harvey Peck, accidentally killed at Milliken's Bend, La., April, 1863; Henry Khodes died at Helena, Ark., September, 1862; Francis A. Shepard died of wounds, May, 1863; James Tisdal. died of disease at St. Louis in 1862; James Walker died of disease at Tipton, Mo., in 1862; Daniel Fee (recruit) died at New Orleans in 1864; W. S. Helms (recruit) died May, 1865; James Malloy (recruit) died in Louisiana in 1864; Enoch Nash (recruit) died in Louisiana in 1864; E. M. Thomas (recruit) died in Louisiana in 1864.

Two Companies For The War

the Twenty-seventh Regiment - one in and near Raglesville and one at Washington. The former became Company B and the latter Company E. The officers of Company B during the war were as follows : Jackson L. Moore, "William E. Davis and John W. Thornburgh, captains ; W. E. Davis, J. W. Thornburgh and Tliomas W. Casey,first lieutenants ; J. W. Thornburgh, Thomas W. Casey and William Hubbard, second lieutenants. The officers of Company E during the war were George W. Burge, George L. Fesler (Morgautown) and James Stevens, captains; John A. Cassady, James Stevens and Bethuel Clark, first lieutenants; James Stevens and George W. Rodick, second lieutenants. Burge became major of the Twenty-seventh in July, 18(32. The details of the departure of these companies cannot be given, owing to missing numbers of the papers issued at the time containing accounts.

Sketch Of The Twenty-Seventh

The Twenty-seventh Regiment was mustered in at Indianapolis September 12, 1861. It moved to Washington City and was transferred to Banks1 army of the Shenandoah. It passed the winter near Frederick City, Md., and in March took position across the Potomac. It pursued Jackson's army after the battle of Winchester Heights, and May 23 fought at Front Royal. On the 25th of May it fought gallantly at Winchester, its brigade, (Gordon's) withstanding the assaults of twenty-eight rebel regiments for three and a half hours, and repulsing them. But the odds were too great, and the Federal forces were forced back in the town, where, in the streets, the fighting was hotly continued. The retreat was continued and the regiment recrossed the Potomac May 26. In August it fought at Cedar Mountain, and September 17 lost heavily at Antietam. It then did guard duty until the following year, 1863. It participated in the battle of Chancellorsville, losing severely and fighting fiercely and bravely. It moved north in pursuit of Gen. Lee, who had invaded Virginia, and was conspicuously engaged, July 3, in the grand resistance to the headlong charges of the enemy, suffering severe loss. The regiment then rested until September, when it was transferred West with its corps, the Twelfth. During the fall and winter of 1863-61 it was stationed at Tullahoma. Here a portion veteranized. Returning from a furlough it fought at Eesaca May 15, 1864, defeating in fair, open-field fight the Thirty-second and Thirty-eighth Alabama Regiments, killing and wounding a large number and taking about 100 prisoners, including the colonel and the battle-flag of the last named regiment. The Twenty-seventh lost sixty-eight killed and wounded. It participated in all the battles, skirmishes, assaults, etc., of the Atlanta campaign. November, 1861, the non-veterans were mustered out, and the remainder were transferred to the Seventieth Regiment and served thus through the Carolina campaign, and were transferred to the Thirty-third Regiment, and finally mustered out July 21, 1865, at Louisville, Ky.

Casualties in Company B. - "William Hubbard, wounded and discharged December, 1863 ; Ira C. Brashears, discharged June, 1863, with loss of right arm ; Elisha Guthrie, killed July, 1863 ; Stephen Boardman died of disease, November, 1861; Alonzo C. Bugher died at Darnestown, Md., November, 1861; B. F. Chestnut died of disease November, 1861 ; W. J. Flinn died at New Hope Church, Ga., May, 1864; W. R. Carson, killed at Cedar Mountain; Joshua Gough died at Philadelphia, May, 1862; Willis Hubbard died at Belle Isle; William Hanna died at Chattanooga, June, 1864; G. W. Herrondon died September, 1864; Anderson Dichert, killed at Resaca, May, 1864; John Correll died at Chattanooga, July, 1864; W. B. Matthews, killed at Chancellorsville, May, 1863; George W. Stout died at Atlanta, August, 1864; Pierson Wagley died at Darnestown, Md., December, 1861.

Casualties in Company E. - William C. Boyd died in Libby prison; Joseph Carroll, killed at Chancellorsville, May, 1863; James M. Chapman, killed at Gettysburg, July, 1863; Thomas W. Hill, killed at Cedar Mountain ; Patrick Curley died at home November, 1862; Lewis Clark died at Alexandria, Va., December. 1863; B. T. Gregory died at home December, 1862; Thomas Gregory, killed at Dallas, Ga., May, 1864; William Gaines died at Frederick City, Md., December, 1861 ; James Herinshaw, killed at Antietam, September, 1862; Joseph Hawkins died at Williamsport, Md., December, 1862; G. W. Honey died at Atlanta. Ga., August, 1864; Henry Huskes died at Washington, Septem- ber, 1862; John Jones died of wounds at Alexandria,1 Va., 1862; John E. Keller, killed at Dallas, Ga., May, 1864; Thomas Layfcon died January, 1862 ; Nathan Logan, killed at Antietam, September, 1862; James Lashley died June, 1864; Phillip Eoss, killed at Cedar Mountain, August, 1862; Daniel S. Sparks, killed at Cedar Mountain: Franklin Smith, killed at Antietam; John J. Williams died at Darnestown, Md., 1861; John Webber, killed at Peach Tree Creek, August, 1864; W. H. Wilson, killed at Gettysburg, July, 1863.

m'cakty's company. In September, 1861, Eli McCarty, Isaac W. McCormick, S. F. Horrall and others formed a company for the Forty-second Eegiment. Friday, September 27, the men left for Evansville, where the regiment rendezvoused. The men reached Washington about 2 o'clock in the afternoon, being escorted in by the Washington Brass Band, which had gone out to meet them. They arrived with a great nourish of martial music, with banners waving in the sun and with rounds of loyal cheers. They were entertained by the citizens until 10:47 P. M., when they boarded the west-bound train. The men became Company G, of the Forty-second, and were mustered in October 10, 1861. The officers of this company during the war were as follows: Eli Mc- Carty, Isaac W. McCormick, Spillard F. Horrall and Joshua A. Palmer, captains; I. W. McCormick, S. F. Horrall, J. A. Palmer and W. H. Farris, first lieutenants ; S. F. Horrall, J. A. Palmer, W. H. Farris and William A. Myers, second lieutenants. Late in the war J. G. Stubblefield, of this county, became adjutant of the Forty-second ; Eev. Henry 0. Chapman, chaplain, and Harrison Peachee captain of Company D. The Forty-second was organized at Evansville with James G. Jones as colonel, and early in October moved to Henderson, Ky., thence to Calhoun, Owensboro and Nashville, reaching the latter place February 25, 1862. It moved to Huntsville, Ala., thence back to Nashville, thence moved toward Louisville with Buell's army and pursued Bragg's army, and participated in the battle of Perryville, October 8, 1862, losing 166 in killed, wounded and missing. It returned to Nashville and later took part in the battle of Stone Eiver, December

31, and January 1 and 2, 1863, losing seventeen killed and eightyseven wounded. It remained in camp near Murfreesboro until June 24, thence moved to Chattanooga, and September 19 and 20 fought at Chickarnauga, losing eight killed, fifty-three wounded and thirty-two missing. It assisted in storming Lookout Mountain and fought at Mission Bidge, losing forty-three killed and wounded. January 1, 1864, it "veteranized" at Chattanooga and soon went home on veteran furlough. Returning it joined Gen. Sherman at Chattanooga, and May 27 started on the Atlanta campaign. It participated in all the principal battles, losing in the aggregate 103 officers and men, killed and wounded. Near Allatoona it was on picket duty seven days and nights, within fifty yards of the rebel skirmish line, without being relieved. After the fall of Atlanta it pursued Hood, and then moved back to Atlanta. It moved with Sherman to the sea, skirmishing on the way. and participated in the siege of Savannah. It also participated in the Carolina campaign, fighting at Averysboro and Bentonville, N. G, losing ten killed and wounded. After this campaign it moved to Washington, D. O, arriving in April, 1865. July 21. 1865, it was mustered out at Louisville, Ky. July 25 it was publicly received at Indianapolis by prominent military men and civilians. During its term of service it lost in killed, wounded and missing 629, of which 86 were killed on the field and 443 wounded. It was in the following battles and skirmishes: Wartrace. Perryville, Stone River, Elk River, Chickarnauga, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Ringgold, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Allatoona, Kenesaw Mountain, Chattahoochie River, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Savannah, Charleston, Black Eiver and Bentonville.

Casualties of Company G. - Henry Baker died at Vining's Station, Ga., August. 1864; Eobert S. Baker, killed at Perryville. October, 1862; Andrew J. Brown, same as last; W. B. Burrows, died of wounds, February, 1863; James M. Campbell died March, 1862; Henry Craft died July, 1863; John S. Gregory died at Murfreesboro, July, 1863; Isaac S. Haller, mortally wounded at Chickarnauga, September, 1863 ; George W. Horrall died at Nashville, July, 1863 ; Samuel Havens died at Wartrace, April, 1862; Henry S. Hunter, killed at Perryville, October, 1862;

Reuben Hunter died of wounds, August, 1864; William P. Jones died of disease at Evansville, March, 1862; G. W. Kelso, wounded and discharged, August, 1863 ; John McCarty died at Wartrace of disease, April 1863; Charles McCracken, wounded and discharged, January 1864; Richard McGeeher died of wounds at Murfreesboro, January, 1863 ; A. R. Newbury, wounded and discharged, March, 1863 ; E. W. Pride died of disease at Evansville, January, 1862 ; Hubbard Pride, killed at Stone River, December, 1862 ; Elijah Pride died of disease at Evansville, December, 1862; J. T. Pride, wounded and discharged; Samuel Rattan died of wounds received at Lookout Mountain, November, 1863; Harrison Risley, killed at Resacca, May, 1864; John Russell, wounded and discharged, December, 1862; William Sullivan died at Evansville, January, 1862 ; Oscar Swanigen died, cause and date not stated ; W. E. Wells, wounded and discharged, February, 1863; B. F. Walker, mortally wounded at Stone River, December, 1862 ; Nicholas F. Wallace, mortally wounded at Stone River; D. C. Wallace, wounded and discharged, March, 1864; J. P. Wallace, same as last; Stephen H Williams died of wounds at Perryville, October, 1862; James H. McCaferty (recruit), died at David Island, N. T. H, May, 1865. There was no better regiment in the field from Indiana than the Forty-second.

Sundry Military Items

B. F. Burlingame of this county went out in September, 1861, as second lieutenant in Company A, Seventh Regiment, was promoted and at last became regimental quartermaster. Late in the war Richard J. Graham became adjutant of the thirteenth Regiment; he was first captain, then major, then lieutenant-colonel in the reorganization. Samuel W. Peck, in September, 1861, became surgeon of the Eighteenth Regiment. S. A. Wadsworth was second lieutenant, then captain in Company E, Eighteenth Regiment. John A. Cassady, who became captain of Company D, Twenty-seventh Regiment, was killed at Chancellorsville, May, 1863. James Neel, who was active in enlisting men during the summer of 1861, was commissioned adjutant of the First Cavalry (Twenty-eighth Regiment).

panies of home guards were organized in the county. Capt. Bradley called for recruits about this time. Capt. Childs, H. S. Bigham and Capt. Wigmore, of " Mulligan's Brigade," called for recruits. From April to November, of this year, there was a constant formation of companies. In September S. F. Horrall, editor of the Telegraph, leased his paper to E. A. Lewis, and "went off to the war." New Year's day, in camp, Capt. C. B. Van Trees was presented, by his company, with a fine sash. In February, 1862, when the news was received that Fort Donelson had been captured, an impromptu jollification was held at night with bonfires, martial music, speeches, and much applause. Washington's birthday was ushered in with thirty-four anvil reports. Flags were flung out, and at night the town was brilliantly illuminated, the bands made the echoes ring with national melody, and companies of home guards paraded the streets, accompanied by a motley retinue of patriotic urchins. It was also celebrated at Clarksburg. W. B. Gardiner delivered an address, and G. W. Walters called for recruits.

The Fifty-Second

Late in 1861 twenty-two men were raised by William A. Bodkin, and others, for Company A, of the Fifty-second Begiment and eighteen for Company E, of the same regiment, by David J. Temple, E. W. Meredith, and others. They were mustered in February 1, 1862. Temple went out as second lieutenant, but was promoted captain and transferred to Company I. E. W. Meredith went out as first lieutenant, but resigned in 1862. In Company A, Bodkin went out as second lieutenant, but was promoted first lieutenant, and then captain. The Fifty-second Begiment was partly organized at Eushville, and was then consolidated, at Indianapolis, with the Fifty-sixth. February 7 it left for the field, moving to Fort Henry, thence to Fort Donelson, participating in the siege. It then did duty at Forts Henry and Heinman until April 18; then moved to Pittsburgh Landing, and took part in the siege of Corinth. It did duty at Memphis, Fort Pillow, Columbus, etc., and September 17 fought Faulkner's guerrillas near Durhamsville. It did garrison duty at and near Fort Pillow until January, 1864, skirmishing, marching, etc., in numerous expeditions. In January, 1864, it moved, with Sherman, against Meriden; fought at Jackson. February 27 it veteranized at Canton, Miss. It took veteran furlough. One hundred and twenty-six non-veterans and recruits joined Banks' Red River expedition, and fought at Fort De Russey, Pleasant Hill, Moore's Plantation and Yellow Bayou. The veterans returning to Columbus, Ky., left, in May, for "Vicksburg, where all were reunited. It pursued and fought Gen. Marmaduke at Lake Chicot, June 5; thence moved to Memphis, and pursued and fought Gen. Forrest's forces at Tupello, Miss. August 13 it fought at Hurricane Creek, and October 1 fought at Franklin, Mo., and drove Price out of the State. November 19 it reached St. Louis, having marched 720 miles within fifty days. It moved to Nashville, and December 15 and 16 fought there and joined Hood's pursuit. It then moved to Eastport; thence to New Orleans; thence to Dauphin Island; thence to Spanish Fort, which it helped reduce. April 9, 1865, it fought at Blakely, and then moved to Montgomery, Ala. It did garrison duty in Alabama until mustered out of service, September 10, 1865.

Casualties of Company A. - Reuben Johnson died at Vicksburg, March, 1864; Philip Dermosly, veteran, died September, 186-4; Michael Gatlet died May, 1862; Charles H. Flanders, veteran, died March, 1864. Company E. - Preston T. Linville died at Corinth, May, 1862; Thomas C. Duffy, veteran, died at Memphis, October, 1864; William Moley died at Fort Pillow, May, 1863 ; Robert Ormsby died at Memphis, August, 1862.

Additional Volunteers

In October and November, 1861, James A. Dale, Green Mc- Donald, J. S. Canfield, and others, raised about fifty men, who, December 16, became with others Company H, of the Fifty-eighth Regiment. The officers of this company, during the war, were James A. Dale and Green McDonald, captains; G. McDonald, John S. Canfield and Zachariah Jones, first lieutenants; J. S. Canfield, Z. Jones and Peter Honey, second lieutenants.

The Fifty-Eighth Regiment

October, 1861, with Henry M. Carr, colonel, and in December started for the field via Louisville. It joined Buell's army, and passed the winter of 1861-62 in Kentucky. March 1, 1862, it reached Nashville, and a month later started for Pittsburgh Landing, reaching Shiloh the evening of the second day's battle. It engaged in the siege of Corinth, thence moved into northern Alabama, thence back through Nashville to Louisville. It then pursued Bragg' s army, reaching Nashville late in November. December 27 it charged the rebels at Lavergne, and December 31 and January 1 and 2, 1863, fought at Stone River, losing 18 killed, 87 wounded and 5 missing, a bloody but splendid showing. In the bloody battle of Chickamauga it was fiercely engaged from commencement to close, losing the appalling number of 171, killed, wounded and missing, out of about 100 engaged. It fought at Chattanooga, and November 25, at Mission Ridge, lost 5 killed and 61 wounded. It then moved to the relief of Knoxville. It spent the winter of 1863-64 in the mountains of East Tennessee, suffering greatly for want of provisions and clothing. January 24, 1861, it veteranized, and March 1 reached Indianapolis on veteran furlough. In April it again took the field, having charge of Sherman's pontoon trains. It bridged the streams from Chattanooga to Atlanta, often under a galling fire. In October, 1861, 170 men of the Tenth Regiment were consolidated with the Fiftyeighth. After the fall of Atlanta the regiment moved with the army of Georgia, under Gen. Slocum. It bridged the streams from Atlanta to Savannah, Ga., including the one across Savannah River, 3,000 feet in length. December 31 the non-veterans were mustered out. In the Carolina campaign it did all the bridging for the army of Georgia, including a second bridge over the Savannah at Sister's Ferry, where for six days the men worked in water from two to four feet deep. In this campaign alone it made over 16,000 feet of bridges. On the way to Washington City, later, it bridged all the streams except the James River. July 25, 1865, it was mustered out at Louisville, Ky. This was one of the best regiments from Indiana in the war. It lost during its term of service, in battle and by disease, 265 men.

Lebanon, Ky., February, 1862; John H. Groves died January, 1863, of wounds received at Stone Kiver; John G. Auld died at Nashville April, 1862; John H. Barr died at Bardstown, Ky., January, 1862 ; William Brown died at Louisville January, 1862 ; Andrew Cunningham, killed at Stone Biver, December, 1862: David Dickerson died at Lebanon, Ky., March, 1862; Zeddech Dickerson died at Nashville August, 1862 ; George D. Kendall died at Bardstown January, 1862; Franklin Lavely died at Nashville April, 1862; John Lavely died at Bardstown December, 1851; John Sholey died at Corinth May, 1862; Jesse Worrell died at home June, 1862.

Becruits, Alarms, Personal Encounters, Etc

Little or nothing was done during the spring of 1862 to raise men for the war. In July and August came the heavy calls of the Government and the citizens began to stir again. Capt. James Neel called for a company; he was assisted by the leading citizens who traversed the county delivering war speeches. Capt. Childs and Lieut. Hall also called for a company. Capt. Johnson called for volunteers and held war meetings. July 21 came the news that a large body of rebels had crossed the Ohio River at Newburgh, and were marching northward toward Petersburg and Washington, plundering and burning. In a very few hours over 1,000 men were ready at Washington under Capt. Johnson to ' march against the supposed invaders, but it turned out that there was no danger. Immediately after this the county militia was thoroughly organized, companies formed in each township and officers elected. W. H. Kendall recruited for the Fifty-eighth Regiment in August. He had a personal encounter with a rebel sympathizer and caused the latter to bite the dust. Capt. Cassidy and Lieut. McCormick obtained sixty recruits in August for their command. Four recruits joined Company E, Sixth Regiment, in August, and about eight or ten Company B, of the Twentyseventh. August 25 a farewell dinner was tendererd the volunteers and recruits raised by Johnson, Cassidy, Childs, Neel, Hall and others. The boys were royally entertained with the best the town and country could afford. Much enthusiasm existed at this time in the interests of the war ; so much, in fact, that, on the occasion of the supper, 100 young ladies pledged themselves to have nothing to do with young men who would not enlist. Judging from the fact that the county escaped the draft of October, 1862, and filled all her quotas, it may be presumed that the pledge of the young ladies resulted in good. The men raised by Child, Neel, et al. became Company I of the Sixty-fifth Regiment and were mustered in August 20. The following were the officers of the company during the war: Charles Child, S. K. Leavitt, Harvey Taylor and Samuel H. Mulholland, captains; James Neel, H. Taylor, S. H. Mulholland and Saulsberry Lloyd, first lieutenants ; James P. C. Prewitt, S. H. Mulholland and Elam McRitchey, second lieutenants.

The Sixty-Fifth Regiment

The Sixty-fifth Regiment was organized at Princeton and mustered in at Evansville with John W. Foster, colonel. It moved first to Henderson, Ky., to protect the place from guerrillas. Late in August it moved to Asbysburg, and after an allnight's march attacked Adam Johnson's rebel regiment and after a sharp skirmish took possession of Madisonville. It did duty i m the Nashville Railroad and elsewhere until August, 1863, having been mounted in April. During this period Company D. September 12, in a skirmish near Vanderburg, lost 1 killed and 6 wounded and the next day lost 3 wounded. In September the regiment was moved to East Tennessee, Knoxville. After a raiding expedition it moved up the valley, capturing trains, locomotives and other property. It engaged the enemy near Zollicoffer, and at Blountsville, September 22, losing at the latter place 15 killed and wounded. October 11 it fought at Rheatown. losing 1 man wounded. October 14 it fought again at Blountsville and the next day at Bristol. November 17 it fought at Walker's Ford all day, losing 2 killed, 8 wounded and 2 missing. Company K did good service at Mulberry Gap. December 14 it lost 2 killed, 10 wounded and 5 missing at Bean Station, and the next day at Powder Spring Gap lost 10 wounded and 4 missing, and later in the same day lost 1 killed and 2 captured at Skaggs' Mills. January 17, 1864, it skirmished at Dandridge. In April, 1864, it was dismounted, and soon joined Sherman on the Atlanta campaign, and was in all the engagements of that march, losing an aggregate of 11 killed, 23 wounded and 5 prisoners. It pursued Hood, fighting at Columbia, Franklin and Nashville and again pursued Hood. January, 1865, it was transferred to the Atlantic coast, and February, 1865, sustained a heavy attack from the enemy at Fort Anderson and skirmished at Town Creek. June 22, 1865, at Greensboro, it was mustered out. During its service lost 26 killed, 86 wounded and 61 captured.

Casualties in Company I. - Capt. Charles Chjlds died at home December, 1863, of chronic diarrhoea; James Bruce died at Knoxville February, 1864 ; Henry Block, killed on picket near Atlanta August, 186-4; James Bolin died at Knoxville December, 1863; Charles B. Chapman died at Henderson, Ky., March, 1863; W. T. Cunningham died at Madisonville, Ky., December, 1862; Henry S. Davis died at Camp Nelson January, 1864; Jacob Davis died at Knoxville January, 1864; George Goodwin, drowned near Owensboro, Ky., July, 1863; Turman Holcolm died November, 1864; Elias P. Hulon died at Chattanooga June, 1864; Manoah Humphreys died at Henderson Ky., February, 1863; Albert C. Johnson, killed at Besaca May, 1864; Penanas Lamb died in Libby Prison February, 1864; John W. Moore died at Madison, Ind., September, 1863; George W. Owen died at home April, 1864; William O'Maley, killed at Besaca May, 1864; Caleb Beynolds died in rebel prison April, 1864; David Sears died at Knoxville February, 1864; John M. Sears died in rebel prison April, 1864; John C. Smelcer died at Knoxville May, 1864; E.W. T. "Walker died in rebel prison January, 1864; Isaac Watson died in rebel prison February, 1864; Lewis Wise died at home August, 1863; Solomon Williams died at Evansville September, 1864. Becruits as follows: H. H. Brown died in rebel prison April, 1864; Warren A. Cramer, killed near Atlanta August, 1864; Gabriel Moots, killed at Besaca May, 1864; John Mode died at Louisville, February, 1865 ; Alfred Spears died at Knoxville December, 1863; Emanuel Smith died at Camp Nelson, Ky., January, 1864; W. T. Smiley died in rebel prison March, 1864.

The Ninety-First Regiment

of the Eighteenth Eegimeiit. A full company was raised for the Ninety-first Regiment in July and August by Z. V. Garten, Thomas Wadsworth, Starling Sims, and others. The men became Company C of the regiment named, and were mustered in at various times during the month of August. They were raised mainly in and around Raglesville and Odon. The officers of this company during the war were Z. V. Garten, J. H. Garten and R. B. Dunlap, captains; Thomas Wadsworth, R. B. Dunlap and William F. Wirts, first lieutenants; Starling Sims and James H. Garten, second lieutenants. The Ninety-first Regiment rendezvoused at Evansville. October 10 a battalion of seven companies (all then formed) moved into Kentucky and did guard duty until June 15, when it marched to Russellville, thence to Bowling Green and Burksville, pursuing Gen. Morgan. It then camped at Russellville. In the summer of 1863 three other companies joined it. Late in September the regiment moved to Nashville, thence in November returned to Russellville, thence to Camp Nelson, thence to Point Burnside. January, 1864, it moved to Cumberland Gap. A part skirmished here with the rebels. In May it joined Sherman on the Atlanta Campaign. It fought at Pine Mountain, New Hope Church, numerous skirmishes, Decatur, Peach Tree Creek, Siege of Atlanta, Utoy Creek and elsewhere. It joined the pursuit of Hood, and November 3 fought at Franklin, and December 15 and 16 at Nashville. Soon after this it was transferred to Washington, D. C. It participated iu the capture of Wilmington, N. C. It moved to Goldsboro, thence to Raleigh and to Salisbury May 8, 1865. Here, June 26, it was mustered out of service. The recruits were transfered to other regiments. During its term of service it lost eighty-one killed and wounded.

Casualties in Company C. - Capt. Z. V. Garten wounded and discharged September, 1864; Capt. J. H. Garten wounded and discharged December, 1864; W. H. Taylor died at Madisonville. Ky., February, 1863; David B. Keyser died at Hopkinsville, Ky., July, 1863; G. R. Filtner died in Kentucky, September, 1863; Luke Adkins died at Knoxville July, 1864; Nelson Adkins died at Nashville July, 1864; James Critchlow died at Washington, D C, April, 1865; W. H. Carter died at Marietta,

Ga., August, 1804; Benjamin Eaton died at New Albany February, 1865; Ellas Gough died at Henderson, Ky., December, 1862; William Hastings died at Evausville; Joshua T. Hastings died at Henderson, Ky., November, 1862; John T. Hoggatt died at Knoxville July, 1864; Jacob F. Tilburn died at Cumberland Gap January, 1864; John L. Morrison died at Madisonville February 1863; Carroll Nash died at Evausville January, 1864; Charles Osman died at Henderson, Ky., December, 1862; Thorton G. Pearce died at Madisonville February, 1863; Julius Smith died at Henderson November, 1862; William Stanley died at Cumberland Gap, March, 1864; George Weimer died, cause and date not stated.

Conscripts, Disloyalty, Volunteers, Etc

To carry out the conscript laws, should it become necessary, John Van Trees was appointed draft commissioner ; James A. Dale, provost-marshal, and J. A. Scudder, surgeon. Assistants were appointed for the townships. September 19, 1862, the following statistics were prepared by the enrolling board: Total militia, 1,830; total volunteers, 1,237; total exempts, 227; total volunteers in service, 1,128; total subject to draft, 1,603. The first draft in the State took place October 6, 1862 ; but Daviess escaped it entirely, having furnished her full quota, being one of only fifteen counties in the State to do this, a high mark of distinction. The winter and spring of 1863 passed without noteworthy event. Considerable disloyalty began to be openly manifested in the county, leading quite often to personal encounters and lasting ill-will. In August, 1863, a riot occurred in Washington between Capt. Childs and several volunteers and a party of Southern sympathizers, though the result was not serious. In June came the call for six months' men, and a full company was raised in this county. It became Company K, of the One Hundred and Seventeenth Regiment, six months' service, and its officers were as follows during the war: James R. Bryant and John B. Wirts, captains ; John B. Wirts and John S. Canfield, first lieutenants; J. S. Canfield and James A. Carnahan, second lieutenants. Upon the departure of this company, August 11, 1863, they were presented a fine Hag by the ladies of Washingb68 HISTORF OF DAVIESS COUNTY.

ton. Capt. Bryant replied to the presentation speech. The One Hundred and Seventeenth was organized at Indianapolis, and left for Kentucky September 17. It moved to Nicholasville, thence to Cumberland Gap, thence into East Tennessee. It remained near Greenville until November, then moved to Bean's Station, thench to Clinch Mountain Gap. Here it came near being cut off and captured by the enemy ; but by skill and a night's travel over bad and unknown roads, managed to join its companions with the loss of its baggage only. It then moved to Cumberland Gap, thence to Tazewell, thence to Knoxville, thence in December,

1863, to Strawberry Plains, thence to Maynardsville, thence back to Cumberland Gap, thence home, its term of service having expired. While in East Tennessee it suffered untold privations.

Casualties in Company K. - William J. Alford died in Andersonville Prison September, 1864; John Blaugh died at Knoxville, January, 1864; John Burriss died at Tazewell, January, 1864; Robert J. Cray died at Tazewell, January, 1864; Alonzo Cunningham died at Knoxville, November, 1863; Harvey H Dickinson died at Indianapolis, date not stated ; Thomas J. Helpenstine died of disease at Greenville, October, 1863; Alonzo C. McGaughy died at Camp Nelson, December, 1863 ; Zachariah Moody died in Andersonville prison, March, 1864; William Potts died at Knoxville, December, 1863 ; David Snyder died in Andersonville Prison, August. 1864; William R Strickland died at Tazewell, January, 1864; William Taylor died at Camp Nelson, November, 1863; William Winn died at Camp Nelson, January, 1864.

Recruits, Veterans, Etc

Under the call of October, 1863, the county began to stir again, her quota being 143 men. C. R. Van Trees called for volunteers. Under this call and that of February and March.

1864, 20 men were sent to Company D, of the Twenty-fourth Regiment; 12 were sent to Company E, of the Twenty-seventh; 45 were sent to Company G, of the Forty-second; about a dozen joined Company H, of the Fifty-eighth ; 20 men joined Company I, of the Sixty-fifth, in September, 1863; 18 men were taken to Company C, of the Seventieth, being, however, mostly transferred from other regiments; 30 went to Company K, of the Seventieth, and 6 were sent to Company C, of the Ninety-first. Small squads, in addition to those above enumerated, were taken to many of the regiments in the field. In January and February, 1864, the veterans came home, and were warmly welcomed by the citizens there. They were given public receptions, and toasted and feasted to the full extent of their appetites. They recollected the meals long afterward when half or wholly starved in the South. During the winter of 1863-64 and the spring of 1864, a large number of veterans and new recruits left for the field. During the summer of 1864 the county was comparatively quiet. In April, 1864, a small squad of disloyal men in Reeve Township burned a schoolhouse, hurrahed for Jeff Davis while riding at full speed along the roads, brandishing weapons. One was arrested but the others escaped. In the autumn of 1864 the assassination of Capt. McCarty occurred in the county, a full description of which atrocious affair . appears elsewhere in this volume.

On the 31st of December, 1864, there was prepared in the office of the acting-assistant provost-marshal general, the following tabular statement for Daviess County:

The veterans re-enlisting remained with their regiments, and the new recruits and drafted men, instead of going into new companies, were sent as recruits to the older organizations in the field. Owing to this fact, it is impossible to trace the where- abouts of all men from this county. No record seems to have been kept of the drafts in September, 1864, and March, 1865. The above table shows all that is known of the first - -that of September, 1864. Under the heavy call of July, 1864, the county made but little effort to meet her quota, aside from the offers of special bounties, but quietly awaited the action of the following conscript board: James W. Wartman, provost-marshal; Nathaniel Usher, commissioner; William G. Kalston, surgeon. The draft did not take place in the county, a much better course than that of 1862, as riots were avoided. Under the call of December 19, 1864, the last of the war, for 300,000 men, the action in the county was at first heavy and slow, as people preferred to wait. The offer of the county board of a bounty of $400 in February, 1865, met with acceptance from nearly the requisite number of men, so that the draft which fell upon most counties in February and March, 1865, was almost wholly avoided in Daviess. The following table was officially prepared April 14, 1865, at which time all efforts to raise men for the war were abandoned:

In July, 1863, during the invasion of Indiana, by the rebel Gen. Morgan, three companies of Daviess County men were raised and mustered into the One Hundred and Thirteenth Regiment - "Minute Men." They, with their officers, were as follows: Company B - M. R. Maher, captain: S. R. McCormick, first lieutenant; J. E. Redmond, second lieutenant. Company C - John S. Canfield, captain; John H. Seay, first lieutenant. Company F - William F. Wood, captain; B. N. Helpenstine, first lieutenant. Of the One Hundred and Thirteenth Regiment, George W. Burge, of this county was colonel ; Jacob Covert, lieutenant-colonel, and Wood Meredith, assistant surgeon. The regiment was organized July 10, 1863, and contained 526 men. It was assigned to Gen. Hughes' Brigade, and moved from Mitchell to North Vernon, which place it held against the enemy. It then moved to Sunman's Station, and thence to Indianapolis, where it was mustered out July 16, 1863.

The county furnished several companies for the " Indiana Legion." The following are the names of the companies, date of muster, and the names of the officers. "Washington Union Guards," mustered June 20, 1861; F. P. Bradley, captain; J. N. Martin, first lieutenant; W. H. Ray, second lieutenant. "Union Guards," mustered June 25, 1861; J. A. Dale, captain; W. T. Maher, first lieutenant; E. W. Thompson, second* lieutenant. " Western Guards," mustered October 30, 1861 ; W. F. Wood, captain; Nelson Barker, first lieutenant; B. N. Helpenstine, second lieutenant. " Daviess County Rangers," mustered October 14, 1861; Elisha Perkins, captain ; Peter Henry, first lieutenant; Moses Sefrit, second lieutenant. " Clark's Prairie Guards," mustered October 30, 1861; Z. V. Garten, captain; John C. Ball, first lieutenant; Joseph Smith, second lieutenant. "Relief Guards," mustered October 14, 1861; John S. Mitchell, captain; William Wilson, first lieutenant; James Arthur, second lieutenant. "Union Guards of Harrison Township," mustered August 22. 1863, J. S. Mitchell, captain; G. W. Glover, first lieutenant; Nelson Jackson, second lieutenant. " Morton Cavalry," mustered August 22, 1863, J. L. Moore, captain ; W. W. Pate, first lieutenant; Starling Simms, second lieutenant. " Barr Township Cavalry," mustered August 26, 1863; John W. Buzan, captain; Albert Perkins, first lieutenant; F. P. McDonald, second lieutenant. "Bogard Company," mustered October 10, 1863; James B. Towny, captain ; C. Adkins, first lieutenant ; John H. Bray, second lieu- tenant. " Alfordsville Legion," mustered October 3, 1863; Wayne Alford, captain; Virgil Alford, first lieutenant; William Hedriek, second lieutenant.

Summary Of Military Credits

From the above pages can be made out a summary of the total credits of volunteers, substitutes, conscripts, veterans, minutemen and members of the "Legion" given the county during the war. On the 19th of September, 1862, the county was credited with having furnished 1,237 volunteers. Under the call of June, 1863, a full company of 100 men was furnished. The quota of the October call, 1863, was 143, all of whom were furnished. Under the calls of February, March and July, 1864, the county was officially credited with 735 men, of whom 497 were new recruits, 78 veterans and 160 drafted. Under the last call of the war, December 19, 1864, the county was officially credited with 106 men, of whom 87 were new recruits, 1 veteran and 18 drafted; but at this time there was a deficiency against the county of 9. In addition to this there were three companies of minute-men in the State service - 180 men and eleven companies mustered into the "Legion" - say 50 men in each company, or a total of 550 in the eleven. Taking the sum of the numbers 1,237, 100, 143, 735, 106 less 9, 180 and 550, and the grand total of 3,042 is obtained as the credits of the county during the war. Of course each man has been counted as often as he was mustered into the service, which in some cases was three or more times. This is certainly a splendid showing, of which the citizens of Daviess County, in all the future, may well be proud.

Bounty And Relief

In December, 1863, the county board offered a bounty of $50 to each volunteer under the call of the previous October. In December, 1864, a bounty of $50 was offered, but in January, 1865, it was raised to $600 to each volunteer necessary to clear the quota of the call of December 19, 1864. The county (not the individual townships, which were additional) paid in bounty $59,- 350. The first relief furnished was in November, 1861, when a large box of blankets, comforts, shirts, drawers, mittens, socks, money, etc., was sent to the boys in Tennessee and elsewhere. An organization of the ladies at Hudsonville was effected as follows: Mrs. Mary Brattan, president; Mrs. E. H. Denbo, secretary; Mrs. M. A. Mitchell, treasurer; Mrs. Caroline Chapman, Mrs. Mary Wilson, Mrs. Mary J. Grover, Mrs. Allen, Mrs. Susan Bruner, Mrs. Priscilla Stone, Mrs. Jett and Mrs. Laura Morehead, soliciting committee. This society did most excellent service, second to none in the county. The ladies of Washington organized, but had not the life of the other. In February, 1862, other boxes were sent to the field. The societies died during the summer, but were revived each winter. At a big meeting, October, 1863, at Washington, in the interests of the sanitary commission, §423.30 was raised in a few minutes. The county (not the townships) paid out for relief $2,472.

Calls Of The Government For Troops

History of the Towns of the County - Washington - Early Plat and Additions - Lot Buyers - Early- Residents and Business Men - Later Growth - Incorporation - The City Charter - Secret Societies - Newspapers - Important Industrial Enterprises - Present Business - Banks - Early- Temperance Movements - Montgomery' - Odon - Cannelbueg - Raglesville - Elnora - Cornettsville - South Washington - Lettsville - Epsom - Flainville - Eldon - Chelsea - Corbytown - Tone's Hill - Hudsonville - Smiley - Farlen - Cumback - Maysville - Glendale - Alfordsville.

"I YTASHINGTON comprises portions of Sections 26, 27, 28, V V 33, 34 and 35, Township 3 north, and Range 7 west. The original town of Washington, according to the county commissioners' plat, consisted of 136 lots, each lot being 80x132 feet in size. Lots 5, 35, 40 and 65 belonged to Emanuel Van Trees, and Lots 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 50, 55, 80, 85 and 90 to Peter Wilkins. The public square, lying between Walnut and Main and Second and Third Streets, was not to be sold, and the rest of the plat was to be sold for the benefit of the county. The map of this plat was made and finished March 31, 1817. Main Street in this plat is now Hefron Street, and the boundaries were substantially Van Trees and Flora and Meridian and East Sixth Streets. Four squares and four lots, however, lay west of Meridian Street.

The first addition made to this original town was laid out by Peter Wilkins and Emanuel Van Trees. This addition consisted of 165 lots, each 65x120 feet. It lay south of the original town, extending from the west line of Location 159 to East Sixth Street, and south to the section line. Peter Wilkins was proprietor of the lots east of Second Street, and Emanuel Van Trees of those west of Second Street. The map of this addition was recorded August 18, 1817, and in connection therewith on the records is this memorandum: "This town was formerly called Liverpool, but now, as it is added to Washington, it is called Washington." The laying out of the plats was, however, considerably prior to the recording of them.* The first lot was sold November 13, 1816, by Emanuel and Juliana Van Trees to Samuel J. Kelso, for $50, the lot being No. 49, on the north side of Walnut Street, midway between Fourth and Fifth Streets. Four lots were sold June 5, 1817, by Joseph Miller to Michael Wiley, on condition that Michael Wiley appear in court and pay a certain debt adjudged to be due to Sholts & Head from Joseph Miller. The price for these four lots was $200. On the 9th of June, 1817, Emanuel Van Trees sold, for $150, four lots, 24, 25, 193 and 200, in the town of Liverpool, to William Chapman, and on the same day William Chapman bought of John Aikman, for $820, the southwest quarter of Section 10, Township 2, Range 7. "which had been deeded to John Aikman by James Madison, President of the United States, at Washington, January 13, 1816." On the 24th of May, 1817, David and Sarah Flora sold to James G. Read Lot 15 for $100, and on September 25, 1817, Lot 16 for $100. Lot 16 lies on the southeast corner of Van Trees and Second Streets, and Lot 15 adjoins it on the east. On the 11th of June, 1817, John Allen, as agent for Daviess County, sold to Richard Palmer, for $32.50, a certain lot (69) of ground

*Upon the question of the original ownership of the town site of Liverpool, about which there has been some controversy, the following extract- Iron) cei-tain deeds may throw a little light :

"William Morrison purchased Ion acres .if land of Louis I.a Violin.- and' his wife, Jeannette, by deed, dated duly In. lsl.i. lying in Sen ion- "7 and :;i, Township :;, Kange 7, and sold this land to Emanuel Van Trees, through his attorney, Mr. Mcintosh.

"David Flora, duly 1:;, M:;, bought inn ,,f land, for ;la:l :::;, of Francis Racicot and other heirs-atdaw of Marie Anne Komagone, who, on or before 17*::, was the head of a family. This land appears t.. have nined that ..1 William Mnrrisnn ,,n the west, and tn have had the same south line for a boundary.' October 16. 1S15, David Flora sold to Isaac Galland and (ieorge Curtis, for $1,474 forty-nine and sixteen-hundredtlis acres of this land, which is described in this deed as follows : ' All atid'-iugularof a certain tract of land beginning at the southeast corner of a tract of land of the said David Flora, and being the southwest corner ot a Had nf land belonging to William Morrison, ami running thence north twenty-nine rods and four links ; thence west along the State mad U'.n rods to a stake; thence south twenty-nine rods and four links; thence east to the place of beginning.'"

Galland and Curtis and David Flora then proceeded to lay out the town site of Liverpool on tins foil v nine and six teen- huiidre.lt lis acres of land, and the plat of the town is thus described in the Knox County records :

"A plan of the town of Liverpool, in Indiana Territory, as laid nut in the forks of White River, in Knox County, by Isaac Lallan. 1. (, eorge Curtis and David Flora. It contains 186 lots, each one being sixty feet in width and 1-0 feet in length, each street sixty feet wide, to remain open and common highways forever; Lots 01, Hi!, 03, 04, 97, OS and 99 to form a public square, to remain lor the benefit of the public forever."

The deed was recorded November 11, 1S15, and on May 9, 1S16, Isaac Galland sold to David Flora one-half of this same tract of land i forty-nine and sixteen-hundredths acres) for $1,474, the same price for which David Flora had sold the entire , tract, seven months previously, and in the deed the land is described as being "the land sold to said Galland and < ieorge Curtis by said Flora, by deed, dated October 16, 1815, and being the tract of land on which the town of Liverpool is now located."

The deed to Galland and Curtis bv David Flora, of October 16, lsln, as David Flora could not sign his name, was witnessed by Emanuel Van Trees, William Wallace and John Wallace in Washington. This lot fronts north on Hefron Street, and lies midway between Meridian and East First Street. June 10, 1817, Emanuel Van Trees sold to John Allen and Isaac Blackford Lot 65, southwest corner of Hefron and Second Streets, for $100.

Public Sale Of Lots

A great sale of lots occurred at Washington on the 9th and 10th of June, 1817, a list of which is here appended as showing the names of those desirous of owning property in the town which had such bright prospects before it, and the price at which the lots were sold:

First Residents And Rusiness Men

FIRST RESIDENTS AND RUSINESS MEN. There were doubtless several inhabitants in the town of Washington previous to this great sale, but their names and the location of their residences have not been preserved. The first house, however, that was built was probably located near the site of the present high school building, and was of hewed logs. James G. Head opened the first store in 1817. The building was a onestory log house, standing at the southwest corner of Main and Second Streets. Joseph Warner and Setb Rodick, under the firm name of Warner & Rodick, bought the store in 1818, and continued in the business until 1825. In 1818 there were about seventy-five people living in the place, all in log houses. A second store was opened this year by a Mr. Van Camp, from Kentucky, about 100 feet from the southeast corner of Main and First Streets. In 1823 the town had so grown as to require and sustain four stores, the population being about 100, located mostly along Main Street. Friend Spears is believed to have been the first blacksmith to locate in Washington. William Bratton and Thomas Brown came about the same time. The first shoemakers were Isaac Hedden and Stephen Belding, the latter the father of the present editor of the Daviess County Democrat. The first hatters were William Ballow, James Calhoun and Bobert Stephens, the latter of whom came from Pennsylvania, reaching Washington May 15, 1822. The first hotels in Washington were opened and kept by Alexander Hinton and Alexander Bruce in 1818. Mr. Hinton's hotel was located near the southwest corner of Main and East Second Streets, and Mr. Bruce's at the corner of Main and East First Streets. The first physician was Philip Barton, whose name figures prominently in the early history of the county. Among those living in Washington, in 1822, along Main Street, were the following persons: Samuel Miller, a wheelwright; Aaron Grider, a shoemaker; Col. Berry, who kept a boarding-house ; Richard Weaver ; Thomas Tuning, a saddler and harness-maker; George Bruner, who kept a meat market and whisky-shop in the old block-house ; a family named Blankenship, two of whom assisted "Uncle Dick" Palmer to kidnap Sam, the colored man; George Bradford, who kept a small store ; A. C. Kinney, the lawyer who procured the freedom of the two colored boys, Isaac and Jake; and Emanuel Van Trees, who moved from Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1815, to a "sugar camp," about two miles north of Washington, and who, in 1816, moved to Washington ; John and Michael Murphy, merchants ; Capt. Kelso and John Tranter. There were still other inhabitants living on Van Trees Street, Walnut, Sixth, and other streets, in all probability about 100. Among them was a Mr. Carr, who built a tread-wheel grist-mill on Walnut Street, near Friend Spears' blacksmith-shop, operating it with a yoke of oxen.

The professions were well represented in those early days. In the ministry there was a Rev. Mr. Pipher, an Episcopalian, and a Dr. Holland, who, besides being a local preacher in the Methodist Episcopal Church, was also a physician. The Washington Circuit, in 1823, was in charge of the Rev. Mr. Ray, from Kentucky. The Rev. Mr. Martin, of the Presbyterian Church, and Rev. Hiram Hunter, of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, became residents of the town in 1825. The law was represented by Judge Call, Judge Dewey, Judge Blake, John Ewing and A. C. Kinney, all able men and of upright character ; most of these, however, were foreign attorneys.

Subsequent Growth Of Washington

Still after the subsidence of the first impetus given to its growth, Washington increased in population but slowly from 1825 to 1857. The roads were not the best, and no railroad reached the city until the last named year. The products of the farm were shipped in flat-boats to Memphis, Natchez and New Orleans, and merchandise was brought in on wagons from Louisville, Evansville and other points. Merchants conducted their business at large profits on long credits, and few became excessively wealthy compared with the general population. The stage coach was the principal means of travel to distant places. The construction of the Ohio & Mississippi Railway through the town in 1857 changed the economy of the city and county. Means of travel, of carrying freight and communication almost instantly changed. New men and fresh capital came to Washington and instilled new life into the town. Lands adjacent to the city that had for years been devoted to the growth of agricultural pro- ductions were suddenly surveyed, laid off into additions to the town and transformed into village lots, as it was a much more speedy way of acquiring wealth to sell off small parcels of land at a great advance upon the price paid, than to depend on slow accumulations by farming methods.

A period of forty years elapsed with but one addition being made to the town plat, from 1817 to 1857, and in this latter year the only addition made was Bradford's, on December 22, in Location 160, adjoining the original town of "Washington on the north. In 1858 three additions were made - Myers' First Addition, part of Location 131, consisting of ten acres ; Myers' Second Addition, extending from the center of the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad to the Lashley line, and from the Petersburg to the Troy Road, September 5, and Turner's Addition, in Location 134, made September 24. In 1859 the following additions were made: January 19, Cable's; February 14, Cassidy's, in Location 134; February 18, Hyatt's Western, in Location 250 ; March 14, Hyatt's Eastern, in Location 159; April 25, Ayers' First, in Location 135; August 24, McTagart's First, in Location 131; November 18, Conant's, in Location 135. In 1860 - December 1, Turner's Second Addition. In 1861 - July 6, Kinsella's. In 1864 - December 9, Ayers' Second. In 1865 - April 26, McTagart's Second, in Location 131; October 16, Ayers' Third. In 1866 - October 23, Bath's Addition. In 1869 - October 6, Tranter's. In 1870 - June 14, McTagart's Third, in Location 131. In 1872 - May 17, Wright, Cabel & Wilson's; September 16, Read & Thompson's. In 1874 - December 21, Doherty's, and Turner's Third Addition. In 1875 - Wright, Cabel & Wilson's Second Addition. In 1877 - January 31, Graham's. In 1884 - November 10, the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad Additions. In 1885 - May 14, McTagart's Fourth Addition.

The Incorporation

For a number of years, probably about fifteen, Washington was afflicted with a certain form of government, consisting of a board of trustees. This board so neglected its duties as to be severely criticised by press and people, and on March 15, 1867, was dissolved by the court. But it was found exceedingly incont)8U HISTORY OF DAVIESS COUNTY.

venient to live without some form of government for the place, to make needed improvements and to keep the disorderly classes in some kind of restraint. Hence a movement was immediately made to reincorporate the town, or to obtain a city charter if upon the taking of a census a sufficient number of inhabitants were found. A brief extract from one of the papers published at that time will serve to show the feelings of the citizens with reference to the trials they were undergoing, and to illustrate the fact that under a Republican form of government it is frequently impossible to secure order and protection to peaceful people:

" Our citizens have tried the beauties of a corporation for some time past, and have found to their sorrow that it was impossible to find men for the various offices that would see the law strictly enforced. A seeming dread that they would get into difficulty, or that the corporation was not sound, would take possession of their minds, and violations of the law were disregarded by the officers and the law set at defiance by rowdies. We hope that a census of the population of Washington and its additions will be taken, and if we have sufficient population to entitle us to a city charter let us have it; and if not, revive the corporation and 'grin and bear if until we are entitled to a city charter. By all means let us have law and order in our town!"

Whether the proposed census was taken or not does not appear, but at all events a meeting of citizens was held April 18, 1867, at the court house, for the purpose of taking steps toward the reorganization of the corporation. The result of this meeting was that a petition was circulated, and, having received a sufficiently large number of signatures, was presented May 13 to the board of county commissioners, praying for an election on the question of corporation or no corporation. An election was ordered to be held May 29, at which 229 votes were cast for the reincorporation of the town, and forty against it. An election was then held June 18 for trustees and other officers, under the new organization. This resulted in the election of the following officers by the vote appended to their respective names :

Ward - Wilson Keith, 314; Seventh Ward - A. B. Brunei-, 304; clerk - William E. Thompson, 305; assessor - W. W. Feagans, 85 ; treasurer - George Kauffman, 301 ; marshal - John McCarty, 96. There were eight other candidates for the marshalship. On the 25th of June the trustees met and organized by the election of Elisha Hyatt as president. On the 6th of August William Sanford, treasurer of the old corporation, turned over to the new treasurer, George Kauffman, all the money belonging to the town, $76. September 3 W. W. Feagans, assessor, resigned, and John McCarty was appointed to fill the vacancy. January 10, 1868, James C. Spink succeeded to the presidency of the board of trustees. March 14 T. B. Palmer became assessor, and on May 11 clerk. November 10 J. H. O'Neall became clerk, and on May 11, 1869, W. J. Puett.

The City Charter

In the spring of 1871 Washington had so grown as to be entitled to a city charter, and to have a mayor and six councilmen. D. J. Hefron was elected mayor, and J. C. Spink, William Trauter, Sr., Albert Logan, Henry Walter, John Hyatt and Elijah Eskridge, councilmen, the city having been divided into three wards, and two councilmen having been elected from each ward. The First Ward embraces that part of the city north of the railroad and east of Fourth Street ; the Second Ward all north of the railroad and west of Fourth Street, and the Third Ward all south of the railroad. W. D. Bynum was elected clerk. In the spring of 1875 W. D. Bynum was elected mayor; in the spring of 1879, James W. Ogden; in 1882, Arthur Beddoe; and in 1884, William P. Ellis, the present mayor. In the spring of 1875, James W. Ogden was elected clerk; in 1877, Thomas B. Laycock, who served until August, 1881, when he was succeeded by Eugene O'Brien, who served until September, 1885, when he was succeeded by George F. Signor, the present clerk. The treasurers of the city have been as follows: Philip Spink, 1867-71; C W. Levings, 1871-75; George A. Foster, 1875-77; Hiram Hyatt, 1877-81; and William R. Thompson, from 1881 to the present time. The population of the city in 1857 was 1,500; in 1870, 2,901; in 1880, 4,323; and in 1885 it is estimated to be 5,000.

Secret Societies

Charity Lodge, No. 30, A. F. & A. M., is one of the oldest Masonic lodges in the State. The Grand Lodge met at Salem, Ind., October 2, 182(1, and on the next day, upon the presentation, by Joseph Warner, Worshipful Master of Charity Lodge, then under dispensation, of the workings of said lodge, and upon his petition for a charter, the charter was granted to the lodge as Charity Lodge, No. 30. The officers named by the Grand Lodge for Charity Lodge were Joseph Warner, W. M. ; Nathan Bascomb, S. W. ;and Cornelius Berkshire, J. W. The names of the other officers do not appear. In 1829 this lodge had fifteen members. During its earlier history it did not prosper, and in 1833 it was stricken from the list of lodges by the action of the Grand Lodge. On the 25th of May, 1842, upon the petition for a dispensation by Joseph Warner and others, sxich petition was granted, and Joseph Warner made First Master; John Van Trees, S. W., and James Calhoun, J. W. One year afterward, May 23, 1843, a charter was granted free of cost to Charity Lodge, No. 30, and thus after the lapse of ten years was the lodge revived. The officers appointed were Joseph Warner, W. M., James Calhoun, S. W., and Stephen Belding, J. W. From this renewal of the charter, Charity Lodge, No. 30, has been in continuous existence, and though experiencing varied fortune, has been on the whole prosperous. In 1860, while occupying a room in the Cruse Building, a fire occurred which destroyed the building, and a similar calamity occurred in 1866 while the lodge was domiciled in Commercial Bow. While it has suffered from these misfortunes it had the good fortune to receive from Joseph Cruse, after his death, by his will, nearly his entire property, consisting of real estate and money to the aggregate amount of from $15,000 to $20,000. With this money and other moneys previously saved, the lodge erected on the lot bequeathed to it by Joseph Cruse, what is now known as Masonic Building, on the north side of Main Street, between Second and Third Streets. This building is worth about $22,000, and is rented for stores and other purposes, bringing in a handsome annual income. In their lodge room in this building appropriately hangs a portrait of Joseph Cruse. The membership is now upward of 100, and the following are the officers: J. J.

Liverpool Lodge, No. 110, I. 0. 0. F. - A meeting was held July 8, 1852, at "Washington, Ind., to organize an Odd Fellows Lodge. The meeting was presided over by Edward S. Hussy, D. D. G. M. The first members were Charles Childs, James D. Biggs, Thomas A. Baker, John S. Ledgerwood and Joseph W. Briggs. The following officers were appointed : James D. Biggs, V. G. ; Joseph W. Briggs, B. S. ; John L. Ledgerwood, Warden ; Thomas A. Baker, O. G., and Charles Childs, I. G The first member initiated was William Helpenstine, and on the same night (July 8, 1852) the following officers were elected: Charles Childs, N. G. ; Thomas A. Baker, V. G. ; William Helpenstine, B S. ; John Beckett, Treasurer. Ever since that time the lodge has been in active operation, and notwithstanding numerous vicissitudes, has succeeded in accumulating property to the amount of $17,686. It has 131 members in good standing, and has the following list of officers: Joseph Gill, D. D. ; James E. Waller, N. G. : John Hyatt, V. G. ; James W. Bamsey, B. S., and Albion Horrall, P. S. Meetings are held regularly on Tuesdays each week. The property owned by this lodge consists of the Opera House, Oak Grove Cemetery, and a lot on the corner of Main and Second Streets.

Mount Nebo Encampment, No. 70, I. O. 0. F., was instituted July 18, 1865, by D. D. G. P., J. A. Skinner, assisted by the members of Mount Olive Encampment, No. 10, I. O. O. F. The Encampment worked under dispensation from this time until November 21, 1865, when the charter was granted by the Grand Encampment. The following were the charter members: J. Covert, G. T. Barr, James E. Clark, E. Shaner, William Tate, W. E. Hopkins and Zelick Hopkins. The following officers were chosen for the first term: J. Covert, C. P.; George T. Barr, H. P.; E. Shaner, S. W. ; W. E. Hopkins, J. W. ; James R. Clark, Scribe; William Tate, Treas. ; Zelick Hopkins, Sent. Petitions for mem- bership were received on the night of the institution from the following persons: T. Jones, W. T. Prewitt, W. Keith, W. Helpenstine, W. P. Hixon, George A. Waller, L. Heinzman, A. W. Meredith, G. T. Hayes, H. H. Hyatt, G. Beitman, James Mount, Isaac Rothschild, John Kempf, James Cosgrove, Josias Allen and J. H. Seny, all of whom were admitted, making the total membership, at starting, twenty-four. The present membership is fifty, and the present officers as follows: Albion Horral, C. P. : Charles Colbert, H. P. ; John W. Dunbar, S. W. ; Robert Schofield, Scribe ; Joseph Gill, Treas. The assets of the Encampment according to the report made June 30, 1885, was $1,402.06.

Eureka Lodge of One Independent Order of the Daughters of Rrh>-kah, No. 78, was organized May 29, 1865. The first officers were Elizabeth Hoffmaister, P. S. ; Mary Clark, V. P. S. ; Carrie Hopkins, Sec. ; Maria Covert, Treas. This lodge was re-organized and chartered February 10, 1872, the following being the charter members: S. R. McCormick and Mrs. L. M. McCormick, Joseph and Mrs. Mary C. Gill, John T. and Mrs. Annie Sparks, George T. and Mrs. Nancy Barr, H. C. and Mrs. E. F. Hall, James and Mrs. Lucinda Cosgrove, George Barber and George A. "Waller, Sen. The first charter officers were as follows: S. R. McCormick, D. D. ; George Barber, N. G. ; Mrs. Lucinda Cosgrove, V. G. ; H. C. Hall, Sec. ; Annie Sparks, Treas. The present officers are J. A. Rodarmel, D. D. ; J. W. Dunbar, N. G. ; M. E. Ellis, V. G. ; Robert Schofield, Sec. ; Hannah Schofield, Treas., and Joy Hannemeier, F. S. The lodge has now a membership of about sixty, and is in excellent financial condition.

The Ancient Order of Hibernians was organized March 2, 1874. The first members were Patrick McAdams, Neal O'Kane, Charles McGinaghy, Patrick O'Kane, Archie McCleran, John McFall, Charles O'Neils, Patrick Curran, Martin Cahill and Owen Mooney. The first officers regularly elected were as follows: County Delegate, James E. Maher; President. P. T. Garaghan; Vice-president, Patrick Grimes ; General Secretary, Martin Cahill ; Assistant Secretary, Eugene O'Brien ; and Treasurer, Stephen Maloney. The order meets in the Mooney Building, on the corner of Main and Third Streets. Its present officers are as follows: County Delegate, Martin Cahill: President, Hugh McGuire; Vice-

President, John Flannagan; General Secretary, James Farrell; Assistant Secretary, John Downly ; and Treasurer, John P. Cavanaugh. The society now has fifty members, has benevolence for its object, and is in a prosperous condition in all respects.

Washington Chapter No. 92, R. A. M. was instituted under dispensation January 7, 1875, and was chartered October 21, 1875. The following were the charter members: C. M. Prentiss, I. W. McCormick, D. M. Wilson, Hiram Hogshead, W. W. Lemmon, A. H. Doherty, William Helpenstine, J. Q. Davis, J. E. Bradford, S. J. Kelso, J. W. Bartlett, Robert Russell, J. J. McLauchlin and W. T. Fry. The first officers were the following: W. T. Fry, H. P.; B. T. Meredith, King; A. H.Doherty, Scribe; Robert Russell, C. H. ; Stephen Belding, P. S ; James Carnahan, R. A. C; E. F. Meredith, G. M. Third Vale; M. L. Bonham, G. M. Second Vale; S. J. Kelso, G. M. First Vale; Edward Wise, Sec. ; S. J. Kelso, Treas. ; Hiram Hogshead, Guard. The present officers are as follows : Robert Russell, H. P. ; Hiram Hogshead, King; S. H. Ragsdale, Scribe; R. M. Carr, C. H.; J. J. Glendenning, P. S. ; James Carnahan, R. A. C. ; J. L. Moore, G. M.

G. M. First Vale; J. F. McGhee, Sec; S. J. Kelso, Treas; C. M. Prentiss, Guard. The chapter is in excellent condition, and has a membership of forty-four.

The Ogeechee Tribe No. 58 of the Improved Order of Red Menwas instituted on the 18th day of the traveling moon, G. S. D. 385, and received its charter on the 27th day of the cold moon, G. S. D. 385 (January, 1877). The charter members were S. White Chappell, J. J. Glendenning, Joseph Bogner, Peter Fliniwal, B. F. Kilgore, Robert Schofield, John Walls, W. T. Fry, Hamlet Allen, James H, R. W. and B. T. Meredith, James Cosgrove, Hiram Hyatt, M. G. Bonham, Lucius F. Corning, James .V. Whitten, Charles W. Thomas, James M. Campbell, E. G. Bondurant, Hiram Hogshead, O. H. Brann, John A. Rodarmel, S. D. Belding, Samuel H. Taylor, John Hawkins and John Q. Traylor. The present officers of the Tribe are the following: J. H. Akers, Sachem; Joseph Small. Sr. Sagamore; Joseph Church, Jr. Sagamore; Robert Schofield, Chief of Records; Willis Dunbar, Keeper of Wampum, and Signor Eckhouse, Prophet. This is a beneficiary and social order, and meets every Friday evening in its own hall. It has forty-nine members in good standing, and is in a prosperous condition.

The German Independent Benevolent Society was organized June 5, 1879, with sixty-four members, the leading spirits in the movement being George M. Myers and Philip Schuck. The first officers of the society were George M. Myers, President; Charles S. Peterman, Vice-president; Stephen Petermau, Treasurer; Theodore Himburg, Secretary; J. H. Willman, Financial Secretary; Trustees - Philip Schuck, Andy Kocher and Henry Herr. The present officers are Louis Keller, President; Henry Klohr, Vicepresident; Claude Schwartz, Treasurer ; Philip Schuck, Secretary. Trustees - William Reckes, Adam Walter and Peter Mangin. The society meets on the first Monday in each month in the city hall, and has now a membership of fifty. Each member pays an initiation fee of $2, and a monthly due of 25 cents. In case any Member needs assistance from the society, sucb member is allowed $3 per week. The society has no property except cash, of which there is $500 in the treasury.

Linden Lodge, No. 2351, Knights of Honor, received its charter August 2, 1881. Following are the names of the charter members: William D. Bynum, Francis A. Anderson, John C. Billheimer, John W. Dunbar, William H. Farris, Ernest Grief, Elisha L. Hatfield, James M. Haynes, Joseph D. Feirs, Simon Joseph, Jackson L. Moore, Samuel H. Mulholland, Alonzo Mills, Joseph F. Nichols, James K. Page, John A. Scudder, John T. Sparks, William F. Trantor, John W. Sullivan, and Edward F. Waller. The first officers of this lodge were the following: William D. Bynum, P. D. ; J. L. Moore, D. ; E. L. Hatfield, V. D. ; J. C. Billheimer, R. ; S. H. Mulholland, F. R. ; William Farris, Treasurer ; John T. Sparks, Chaplain ; S. Joseph, Guide ; Joseph Heirs, I. G. ; J. W. Dunbar, O. S. ; J. A. Scudder and J. L. Moore, Physicians, and Alonzo Mills, E. L. Hatfield, and William B. Trenter, Trustees. The present officers are John H. Akers, Dictator; John W. Dunbar, Vice-dictator; John A. Scudder, Reporter ; Alonzo Mills, Financial Reporter ; William P. Ellis, Treasurer; Jackson L. Moore, Chaplain; Joseph Gill, Guide; Joseph Nichols, Sentinel; Elisha Hatfield, Past Dictator. The lodge at the present time has twenty-nine prompt paying members, and is consequently in a prosperous condition. Two members died in 1884 - Frank A. Anderson and J. J. Routt - each of their widows receiving without unnecessary delay the amount of insurance ($2,000) they were carrying upon their lives. The lodge meets regularly on Wednesday evenings in Redmen's Hall.

Catholic Knights of America, No. 206, were organized in 1881. The charter members were Rev. J. W. Doyle, William M. Hayes, M. J. Hayes, George Kauffman. Jeremiah Agan, Michael Madden, Alexander Mattingly and Stephen Ryan. The first officers were Jeremiah Agan, President : William M. Hayes, T. ; M. J. Hayes. R. S. ; Stephen Ryan. F. S.. and Alexander Mattingly, S. at A. The present officers are Alexander Mattingly, President ; William M. Hayes, T. : John D. Kelly, R. S. ; M. J. Hayes, F. 8., and Stephen Ryan, S. at A. The society now consists of ten members, and meets on the first and third Sundays at St. Simon's Schoolhouse. The main object of the society is to insure the lives of its. members, each member being permitted to carry $2,000 upon his life.

The Charles Howard Lodge, No. 2284, G. W. O. of O. F.. was chartered November 17, 1881. The charter members were as follows : George Washington, Elias Washington. Eli Washington, James Washington. David Howard, William Hawkins. William Washington, Andrew Hatwood, Enoch Baskin. Jesse Washington, William C. Stewart, Christopher Clayborn. Samuel Spencer, Moses Gates, William Ballow, Ames Ballow. Charner Hawkins, Joseph W. Stewart, Washington Hawkins. Jackson Carr, Henry White. William W. Corten, William A. Grigsby and Amos Hawkins. The first officers were Elias Washington, N. F. ; Washington Hawkins. P. N. G. ; George Washington, N. G. : Eli Washington, V. G ; Amos Ballow, E. S. ; W. C. Stewart, T. ; J. W. Stewart, P. S. : James Washington, Chaplain, elected December 19, 1881. The present officers are Stephen Clay, N. F. ; Hayden Culbert, P. N. G. : John W. Berryman. N. G. : Jefferson T. Nubles, V. G. ; Warren Nichols, E. S. ; J. W. Stewart, P. S. ; George Washington, T. ; Eli Washington, Chaplain. The present membership of the lodge, which is in a flourishing condition, is forty-three. Its assets, according to the last report, made July 31, 1885, amount