Dearborn County, Indiana - The whole text, 1915 (part 3 of 15)

Margarette (W'isby) ]\IcGee, the wife of William McGee, was born in 1805, in \''irginia, \\diere her parents were i>ioneer settlers. Mr. and IMrs. ]\IcGee were the parents of eleven children, as follow: JNlary Jane, Semiramis. Zcmia, Philamelea, William L., Edwin, Ermina C., Minerva H., Francis M., Walter Scott, and one who died young. Mary became the wife of John Rapcr, and had eleven children. Semiramis married William A. Barnes, and after his death, married Dr. J. Pettijohn, who also died, and she was married, thirdly, to a Mr. Knapp. Edwin is married and lives in Seattle, Washington, and has three children. Francis M., who married Catherine Stout, lives at Cincinnati and they have three children.

Errhina C. McGee was united in marriage on March 14, 1865, with Orson Smith, son of Jonathan Anthony and Liicinda (Babcock) Smith. He was born in the state of Xew York on October 4, 1837. and came west overland, settling near Versailles, Ripley county, Indiana, \vhere he was educated. Mr. McGee served as a privatfe in the Civil W^ar from 1861 to 1865, and was twice wounded. He bought a farm of eighty acres in Ripley county, which he traded for property at Wright's Corner, and again sold and moved to Sparta township, living there seventeen years. His next move was to a fann near Moores Hill, wiiere he died on ]March 15, 1901, aged si.xty-three years. Mr. Smith was a life-long Republican. He was a member of the Universalist church, and belonged to the Grand .\rmy of the Republic. After his death, Mrs. Smith sold the farm. This union was blessed with five children, namely: Alaude E., Grace E., Phila M., Ethel V.. and one who died in infancy. }ifaude E. became the wife of Francis A. Cole, a barber, and is now living at Mansfield, Alissouri. They had four children. Hazel, ^Nlerl, Earl, and one who died young. Phila M. married Charles M. Givan, a carpenter, and is living at Anderson, Indiana. Ethel V. is the wife of W'illiam Steinmctz, and resides at Indianapolis, where her husband is in railroad work. Grace E. became the wife of Irving P. Givan, a son of George M. and Anna ( Jaquith)

Givan, and this union has been l:)lessecl witli three children: Clyde, bocn on IMarch ii, 1S97: Roy, February 2, 1901 ; and Gilbert J., November 30, 1902.

Jonathan Anthony and Lucinda (Babcock) Smith, father of Orson Smith, were natives of New York state, and came west in early pioneer days, settling on a farm in Ripley county, where they spent their remaining days, and were quite old when they died. Their children were, Washington, Orson, Susan L., Simon, and Columbus, who died young. \\'ashington was married to Ellen Ludwic, and lives in Illinois. They have three children. Susan L. married the Rev. Elisha Caldwell, and lives at Washington. Indiana. Simon married IMartha Helmich, and they have ten children. Elmer, Everet, Howard, Luvilla, Orson, Herbert, Eelva, Vivian, and two who died in infancy.

Llewellyn E. Davies

Llewellyn E. Davies. la\v_\-er, x\urora, Indiana, was born on January 5. 1SS5, in ^lason county, \\'est Virginia, and is a son of Samuel E. and Nellie I. (Wilson) Davies. He has lived at Aurora since he was a small lad of seven or eight years. He was graduated from the Aurora high school, and then entered the Cincinnati Law School, from which he was graduated in 1906, being admitted to the bar during that year. INIr. Davies at once began practicing his profession at Aurora ; at first in partnership with William S. Llolman, Jr.. under the firm name of 'Holman &- Davies. which arrangement was continued from 1906 until 1909, when Mr. Davies formed a new i^arlnership with Frank B. Shutts, which lasted up to January i, 191 1. Since that time he has been practicing alone. Mr. Davies is a staunch Republican. and is a member of the First Baptist church of Aurora.

The Rev. Samuel E. Davies. and his wife, Nellie I. (Wilson) Davies. parents of the subject of tliis biography, are natives of Virginia and Ohio. respectively. Mr. Davies was a graduate of Dennison L'niversity at Granville. Ohio, and of Chicago University. He has been a Baptist preacher from young manhood, and is at present pastor of the First Baptist church, at Brazil, Indiana. Mrs. Davies died in 1S94, aged thirty-four years, leaving three children: Llewellyn E., of Aurora; Gladys G., a teacher in the high school at Muskogee, Oklahoma: and Larene B., a teacher in the high school at Orleans. Indiana.

Mason county, West \'irgiiiia, where they died at past middle aj^e, Icaviiii^ a good-sized family of children, as follow : Benjamin, Daniel, James, Samuel, William, John, Thomas and Mary.

A list of the representative citizens of Dillsboro, Clay township. Dearborn county, Indiana, would be incomplete were there failure to make mention of James H. Shutts, one of the older citizens and the immediate subject of this sketch. 2\Ir. Shutts deserves special mention owing to the fact that he was one of the faithful sons of the Union in the dark days when the integrity of our nation was threatened, and was among those who laid his all upon the altar of his country's need.

James H. Shutts is a native of this country, having been born on December 29, 1843, a son of Minard and Emily (Hinds) Shutts. Minard Shutts was a son of Isaac who is thought was born in New York, where he is known to have lived for a time at least, and who w'ith his wife and family later became pioneers in the wilds of Ohio. In the latter years of his life he came to Indiana, where he died at a very advanced age.

The birthplace of ]\Iinard Shutts is not definitely known. He may have been born while the family lived in New York, but it is thought he first saw the light of day in Ohio. When a young man he mastered the cooper trade and when twenty-four years of age purchased his first farm, a tract of sixty acres, located near where Cold Spring station now stands. That land he retained for three years, w'hen he sold it and purchased a fanri of sixty-one acres, west of Dillsboro, where he passed the remainder of his life. His death occurred in 1862, when forty-five years of age. Emily Hinds, mother of the immediate subject of this sketch, was born in Ohio and died in Dillsboro when eightyseven years of age.

James H. Shutts was one of a family of ihree boys, being the eldest. The others were William and Isaac. William was one of Uncle Sam's Indian fighters in the West during the years when the red man, strongly resenting the encroachments of his white brother, caused such terror among the settlers on the frontier. William and James were both in the Civil War, James enlisting when but seventeen years old in Company F, Thirty-seventh Regi- inent, Indiana ^'oluntec^ Iiitantr}-. He scrx'ed tlirce years and two iriont'n^ and during that time was in some of die important engagements of the war. among tliem being Stone Ri\'er, ]\esaca. Chickamauga and others. After his time of enhstment liad CNpired, he returned to his home and took up tlie cooper's trade, which he mastered and which he foUowed for fully twenty-five years. \\'ear_\-ing of his trade, he opened up a grocery store in Dillsboro. which he operated for three years, when he retired from the acti\e affairs of life.

In September, 1865, James H. Shutts was united in marriage with Jane Pearson, daughter of Abraham and Sarah (i'erlee) Pearson, of Dearboni county. Air. Pear.son, was born on boardship en route from England, when his parents were immigrating to this country and ]\Irs. Pearson was born in Dela ' ware, Ohio, coming to this country when a }-oung woman.

Mr. Shutts is a member of the Alethodist Episcopal church and is a stanch supporter of the Republican party, serving as justice of the peace at the present time. He holds his fraternal affiliation with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Grand Army of the Republic through William Spear Post, No. 89, at Dillsboro. Mr. and Mrs. Shutts have never had any children. , . , . .

Among the well-known citizens of other counties in the great Iloosier state who were born and reared in Dearborn county, Indiana, is William H. Mendell, a prosperous business man of Indianapolis, who for more than twenty years has conducted a grocery in the capital city of the Hoosier state. By both birth and marriage he is connected with two of the substantial families of Dearborn county, families which have had a conspicuous part in the developments of private enterprise in Dearborn county. Although not now a resident of Dearborn county, Mr. and Mrs. Mendell are attached to this splendid county by the warmest ties of affection and family home.

William H. 3.fendell, a native of ^^lanchester township. Dearborn coimty, Indiana, was born on March 24, 1871. He is the son of Willard and Martha (Stevenson) Mendell, both of whom were born in the Hoosier state, the former in Ohio county and the later in Dearborn county. Thoy were married in Dearborn county and had as the fruit of their marriage nine children, of whom William H. was the fifth of the family. Both of his parents are now deceased. Thev were members of the Methodist Episcopal church and Willard Mendell was identified with the Republican party. He was n carpenter by trade. Seven of the Mendell children are still living.

William 11. Mendel! receix-ed his ed.ucation at Wrights Corner in Dearhorn CLiunty, Indiana, near which he remained until iwenty-one years uld. Jnst after reaching his majnrity, he went to INIorristnw^i, Inrliana, and there in partnership with his hmlher, Joseph A, Alendell. engaged in the grocery husincss for six months. From ?\[orristown, Mr. Mendell went to Indianapolis and established a grocery at the corner of IMicliigan and We^t Streets, After having' engaged in business at this location for eight years, Mr. Mendell sold out and in iqoi established a grocery at the corner of California street and Indiana avenue. He carries a stock worth approximately twenty-five hundr.Hl dollars and for a number of years has enjoyed a large and lucrative patronag-e. Mr. Mendell not only carries a complete and up-to-dale line of groceries, Init he likewise carries a complete line of meats.

On September 30. 1900, William H. INIendell was married at Wrights Corner, Dearborn county, Indiana, to Ada C. Johnston, a daughter of George W^ashington and Mollie (Bainum) Johnston, the former of whom is the son of George Johnston, whose liiography appears elsewhere in this volume. George W. Johnston is one of the pioneers of Dearborn county, and has been engaged in farming and stock raising all liis life. ]\Ir. and ^Irs. George W. Johnston now resides on a farm near Aurora, in Dearborn county.

Mr. and Mrs. William H. IMendell are the parents of two children, Joseph Emery and William H., Jr., both of whom live at home with their parents. Mr. and Mrs. ]\Iendell are affiliated with the Methodist church. ]\lr. Mendell is a Republican in ])olitics, and a member of the Knights of I'ylhias. The Mendells reside at 1802 Schumtann avenue, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Mrs. Emma Small

The subject of this biography and her husband were both born in this county, and have done well their part in bringing about the present high standard of living in this commimity.

Mrs. Emma Small, wife of Elias Small, deceased, was born on November 26, 1853, in W'ashington township, near Taber Ridge, and is a ilaughter of David D. and Catherine (Clark) Durham. She resides at Wilmington. Hogan township. Dearborn county, Indiana, where she and Mr. Small made their home for many years. The place is improved with one of the most beautiful brick residences in the township, and in addition to which, Mrs. Small owns two farms, of V\-hich she is sole manager.

remembers but little, as she was quite young- at the time nf their death. Her father was boni in \'irginia, and her mother in Connecticut, and were among the very early settlers of the village of Wilmington, Hogan township. Her father was a very fine wood worker, being employed by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Compan}' as a coach builder, which business he followed for many years.

The grandparents of Mrs. Small were natives of Connecticut, and were early settlers in Hogan township, where they were farmers. They had a small family of children.

Emma Durham was married on August 25, 1872, to Elias Small, son of Fred. Harrison \\'., and Catherine Small. In his early days Fred. H. W. Small operated fruit boats on the Ohio river, and in later life, he followed farming in Hogan township until his death. Elias Small -was born on July 30, 1850, in Hogan township, Dearborn county, where he was educated in the common schools. After leaving school he commenced farming, which occupation he followed all his life and in which he was veiy successful. He was a thrifty and energetic worker and with able co-operation of his wife soon accumulated good farm lands. To this union four children were born, David, Joseph, Addic and Harry, all now married. Addie, became the wife of Ralph Prichard; David is married to Edna Conger; Joseph was united in marriage with Katherine Radspinner; Harry married Gertrude Abdon and li^'es in Dearborn county.

Born in Germany, and reared in America. Mr. Homann has blended his thrifty German instincts with the progress and push of his adopted country, the result of which is a highly satisfactory combination from a business standpoint. Prosperity and good fortune have followed his everj' venture. He has always been a public-spirited man, taking a deep interest in e\'erything that has stood for the best in his home town, and is now rewarded with one of its principal offices, that of postmaster, which he is amply qualified to fill.

John Frederick Homann. postmaster. Cold Springs, Sparta township, was born on December 20, 1848, at Flanover, Germany, near Celle, and is a son of John Frederick and Fredreeka (Wrede) Homann. He was educated in Germanv. and when fourteen vears of age began to learn the shoemaking trade, completing his apprenticeship in 1S70, when he came to America, landing at New York City on May 7, 1S70, and went direct to Chicago. He remained there for a short time, and t'.ien made a tour of Illinois, Michigan, Tennessee, Mississippi and Arkansas, and in the spring of 1S71, settled at Cincinnati and engaged in the shocmaking trade. In 1875 he came to Cold Springs and purchased the general store of Henry Wilkining, which he successfully conducted until 1913. Mr. Homann was appointed postmaster of Cold Springs, and has held the office for the past thirty-three years.

John Frederick Homann, Sr., father of our subject, was born in 1826, in Hanover, Germany, and his wife, Fredreeka fWrede) Flomann. was also a native of Hanover, where they lived all their lives. They were prosperous people, owning a large farm. Mr. Homann died in 1875, 'iged fifty-one years, and his wife was fifty-five years old when she died, in 1881. They had two children, John Frederick, subject of this sketch, and Caroline, who married Henry Jager, and lived in Wensen. Germany. She has one daughter, Henrietta, who is also married and living in Germany, the mother of three children. John Frederick Homann, Sr.. had two sisters, Caroline and Louisa.

John Frederick Homann was united in marriage on August 13, 1874, with Emma Schilling, daughter of August and Dorothy ( Ideker) Schilling. She was born on August 24, 1855, near Cincinnati. Ohio, and was educated in Dearborn county, Indiana, and lived with her parents until her marriage. Their children are as follows: John Frederick, George A., Augusta E., Charlotte M. ; and two adopted children, Fay F. and IMarie D.

John Frederick Homann. the third, w-as married to Alice Harwood. and resides at Washington, Indiana, where he is a successful dentist. They have two children, Frederick and Virginia. George A. was married to Cora Trietch, and is living near Dillsboro on a farm. Thev have three children, Arthur F., Charlotte A., and Leonard. Augusta E. became the wife of Rev. Theodore Henkel, of the Lutheran church, and resides at Hillards, Ohio. They have four children, Paul, Richard, Kurt, and Alfred. Charlotte 'M. is the wife of the Rev. William F. Henkel. of the Lutheran church, and is living at Ashland, Kentucky. This union has been blessed with two children, Luther and Vera. Fay Manleif became the wife of Harry Smith, and resides at Cold Springs. They have one daughter, Louise. Marv Richardson is living at home.

were natives of IIano\-cr. Germany. The former was born on Decemljcr g, 1825, and the latter on January 5, 1829. Afr. Schillinc;- immigrated to .America in 1S40, lanthng' at Xew Orleans, cuniing soon after to Cincinr.ati, Ohio. He was married at Delhi, TTamiltcn county, Ohio, June 2t,. 1834, to Dorothy Ideker, who came to America with her sisters when a young woman. They settled at Delhi, v.herc they followed farming, and later moved to Dearborn county, Indiana. They were the parents of five children, Emma, August, John, Dora and Henry. Mrs. Schilling died in 1896, aged sixty-thi'ee years. Mr. Schilling died in 1S85, aged fifty-nine years.

Mr. and Airs. Plomann occu])y a positit.m of high esteem in the community in which they reside and where they made many sincere friends. Air. Ilomann took a leading part in tlie establishment of the Lutheran cluirch at Cold Springs, which was built in 1893, and helped to secure the funds for its erection. Rev. R. Eirich was the first pastor, yir. Homann served for many years as secretary of this church.

Williaai Trabor Turner

Among the enterprising and progressive farmers of Sparta township. Dearborn county, Indiana, is \\'il!iam Trabor Turner, who for a number of years has been engaged in agricultural pursuits. He belongs to a class of men who furnish a fine exainple of steadfast perseverance and a stroiig illustratiijn of what may be accomplished by the individual who makes up his mind to do liis share of the pulling, when necessit}- places liini in the harness of human endea\-or.

William Trabor Turner, farmer, of Sparta, township, Deari)orn county, Indiana, was born where he now lives, January 19. 1859. He is a son of William and Catherine (Lippard) Turner. He w^as erlucated at the district schools, and later followed agriculture, under the instruction, of his father, and after the death of his father, he took the farm over, bought sixty-five acres more, making ninety-five acres in all. Air. Turner has given his life-long- support to the Republican party. He is a member of the chapter. Royal .\rch Alasons.

William Turner was born near Alanchester, England, in iSio, and came to the United States when ten years of age with his parents, who located at Cincinnati and who later came to Sparta township and snon after took one hundred and sixtv acres from the government, at a cost of one dollar and

(wcntv-five cents an acre, to wliich they later added forty acres more. Mr. Turner lived here uith liis parents until their death, and then went itito the g-eneral store business at Chesterville, Indiana, and at the end of eij^lit years, sold out and bought part of the old farm, where he lived until his death, which occurred in February. iSSo. He was quite a traveler, and made two trips back to England. }*Ir. Turner always ti;io]< an actis'e interest in public enterprises, and was well informed on all topics of the time, lb- always gave his loyal support to the Republican party. He was an earnest member of the Episcopal church. His fraternal membership was with the Ma.-Mjnic lodge.

Catherine Lippard was born in August, 1S27, at Hamilton, Ohio, and. when young- moved to Ripley county, Indiana, and was educated in Washington township, where she lived until her marriage to William Turner. This union was blessed with three children: William, and two who died in infancy. Catherine Lipjiard ^\-as the second wife of William Turner, his first wife being- Rebecca Xoble, by whom he had two children : Sara, who died aged twelve years, and JMan* I\I., who was bom on October 17, 1856, at Chester\-ille, Sparta township. Mary ]M. was educated and lived at Chesterville until her marriage to John H. Stockwell, of Ripley county, who was a school teacher in early life, but was later employed by the Altinan Threshing ^lachine Company, as general manager of Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and part of Kentucky, for fifteen years with headquarters at Indianapolis. [Nlr. Stockwell died in 1900, aged forty-two years.

William Turner, the paternal grandfather, was born in Englanrl, and brought his family to America. His children were : William, Mary Ami. Samuel, Betsey, John and Sarah. Mary Ann, now deceased, was married to Thomas Obder, and lived at Chesterfield, Indiana. They had three children, John, Mary, and one who died in infancy. Samuel, now deceased, was married to Nancy Huntingtim, and lived in Sparta township on a farm. They had five children, George, Cora, Addie, Clara and Stanley. Betsey Turner became the wife of Alexander Walker, lived in Sparta township, where her husband followed agriculture, and both are deceased. They liad six children, Jane, Mary, ^^'illiam, George, Elizabeth and Ella. John married Anne Noble; he was a farmer of Sparta township. Their children were seven in number, Sara, Frank, William S., Harry, Fannie. Edward and Herbert. Sarah became the wife of Frank Elrod and moved to Ripley county, where they followed farming. They had four children, John. George, Amy and one other.

William Tralxir Turner was married on December 31, 1885, to Effie Chance, daughter of Hiram and Eliza (Thompson) Chance. She was born in 1864, in Sparta township, and lived there until her marriage.

Airs. Laura Ewan Kruse

Among the leaders in the social life of this township is a woman whose ability to make and retain friends is far above the average. Gifted with those qualities of mind and heart which endear her to those who know her, the subject of this sketch has, from early womanhood, been prominent in the community; a contributing cause being the fact that for several generations, her ancestoi"S have been among the best-known of the residents of this township and county.

Mrs. Laura Ewan Kruse. the sul>ject of this sketch, was born in Sparta on April 3, 1S51. Slic is the daughter of Charles and Ann Augusta (King) Ewan, the former l,>eing a native of Victor, Ontario county. Xew York, born on April 9, iSio, and the latter, born on October 2, 1818, in Lawrenceburg, Indiana.

Samuel Ewan, paternal grandfather of Airs. Kruse, was a native of Xew York, where he made his home until the year 1822, when he migrated to Sparta townsliip and took up government land, where he lived until his death. W'hen his country' called. Samuel Ewan shouldered his musket, and served in the War of 1S12 until its close. He was a Whig, and adhered to the tenets of the Alethodist Episcopal church. As a man and as a farmer, lie was an important citizen in his time, and was highly respected by all who knew hiir). His wife, Alercy (Sprague) Ewan, was born in Rhode Island, and lived there until she was a young woman. After her marriage to J. Hawley, of New York, she moved to that state. By this marriage she had one child, Asenelh. Her first husband did not live long, and after his death, she again married, her second husband being Samuel Ewan, by whom she had eight children. These were; Mary, Charles (father of the subject of this sketch), Elizal^eth, Levi, Mercy, Jane, Rebecca and John. Charles Ewan was about twelve years old when he came west \vith his parents, and locating near Cold Spring, they settled on government land. Flere the young man lived with his parents until 1839, when on August 22, he was married to Ann King, tiie mother of Mrs. Kruse, and they purchased a farm adjoining that of iier father, Hving there a few years. They then bought a farm near by, and remained on his wife's farm until the father's death, on August 10, 1S85, their residence here having begun in 1850. Charles Ewan died at the age of seventy-five, after having been a farmer all of his life. It was his custom to load a flatboat uitii hay every winter, and take it to New Orleans to sell. He was strong in his Republicanism, and in his loyalty to the Odd Fellows lodge, of which he was a member.

Ann Augusta (King) Ewan was the daughter of Phineas Lonsbarv and Clarissa H. (Thompson) King, l^oth of whom were born in I'oughkeepsie, New York, were married and came to Indiana, settling in this township on government land. Ann Augusta was educated in the Sparta schools, and attended school in Richmond, Indiana. She was a well-read woman. She was married on Augxist 22, 1839. to Charles Ewan. To this union were born seven children, namely: Ezra H. and Columbus E., both deceased; N. Bonaparte; Rosaline; Laura Helen, the subject of this sketch; Alice, and John deceased. N. Boneparte was married to ^lary Bell, who lives in ^.loores Hill. They had four children, Caroline E., Laura Leigh (]\Irs. McClure), ^ilarv- Myrtle, and Charles Carver, deceased. Rosaline was born on May 7, 1846, and was married to Carver Jones on January 18, 1S70, in Geneva, New York. The Kings lived in Sparta until their death. Phineas King and Clarissa (Thompson) King were the parents of seven children, Amanda, Ann Augusta, Elmira. Isaac, John Dean, Henry and Milo Caleb.

Mrs. Kruse spent her girlhood days on the farm of her parents. There she was married to George \Y. Kruse, who was born on Februar}- 22, 1856, at Cold Springs. They have always lived on the old homestead.

The present home of Mr. and Airs. Kruse is the center of much of the social life of the community, for Mrs. Kruse especially is fond of entertaining, and many friends frequently accept her hospitality.

As a man whose interests, while centering in the agricultural industry, are not limited to it, William R. Whiteford, farmer and politician, is one whose name deserves special mention in a publication of this kind, one of the func- ticms of which is to pay tribute to tliose whose lives merit honor and respect. yir. W'hiteford is a nati\ e of Sparta town.ship, having been born here on February 28. 1869, and is the son of Robert and Jane (Cunningiiam) W'hiteford.

Robert \Miiteford. born in County Antrim, Ireland, April ij, 183 -, crossed the ocean with his parents when he was a mere lad, and came with them to Dearborn county, settling near Laughery. In those dava it was not easy fur those who did not possess land to make a living for themsel\'es and theii" families, and Rubert was still only a youth when he was required to earn his way through the world by his own efforts. He had quick success, however, for soon after his marriage, he bought seventy-two acres of land in th.is township, where he still resides. In political affiliations he is a Democrat. Jane Cunningham, who became the mother ijf the subject of this sketch, was a native of the same Irish county a^ her husband, and also came to this countrv in her youth, settling in this county near Laughery creek. ^Ir. and Mrs. W'hiteford became the parents of six children, as follow : Luella, Elizabeth, Anna (deceased), William, Jennie and Mulvina. Elizabeth married Era:il: INIcMahan, a prosperous farmer of Brown county, Kansas. Their children are Imes and Gertrude. Jennie married Isaac Smith, of Hogan township, and is the mother of Edna, Crlad^'s, Mildred and Elizabeth.

William R. W'hiteford, after his schooling in this township was completed, continued farming with his father until his marriage, on December 6, 1893, to Anna C. Hoppmire, daughter of Ernest and Christina ( ^vleyers) Hoppmire. After their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. W'hiteford moved to their own farm of seventy-two acres, where they have led a busy, happy and useful life. Mr. W'hiteford is a good farmer, studies the business from a scientific point of view, and his success gives proof of the efficiency of his methods.

Ernest Hoppmire, father of Mrs. Whiteford, was the son of Anton E. and Anna ilaria Hoppmire, and canie to America when a young man, taking up his home in Xew York City. He was born in Prussia, on November 7, 18.^7. He remained only a few years in Xew York, and then migrated to Indiana, where he purchased a farm in IManchester township, Dearborn county, and lived there until 1872. Moving to Hogan township, they continued farming on three hundred acres, and lived there until the death of Mr. Hoppmire, which occurred on March 29, 1907, at the age of seventy-nine years. He was a Democrat, and a member of the Lutheran church. Christina, his wife, was a native of Olfte Oberlubbe, Germany, being born on April 7, 1834. She died on the home farm on November 27, 1907, aged seventy-four years.

l)cr, these being Caroline, Louisa, l-"redcrick, Hcnr}-, William, Anna (Mrs. Whiteford), Ernest, and four who passed away in early childhood. Caroline is now Mrs. Lewis \Mse, of Aurora, Lidiana. Louisa married William Kimball, who lives in Hogan township. Their daughter is Edna P. Sheeter. Frederick is the husband of Viola Ragsdale, of ^lanchester, Lidiana, and their children are named Lulu, George and Frank. Henry is the husband of Frances Smith, living on the homestead in Ilogan township. Their onlv son is named Willis. William married Lillian Ragsdale, of Hogan township, and their children are Walter and Mabel. Ernest was united in marriage to Amy Roof, of Flogan township, \vliere they still reside, and they are the parents of a (laughter. Madonna. Anna was born on October 6, 1871, on a farm in Hogan township. Her only son is named Lawrence M., he being born in Sparta on ]\[ay 11, 1897.

William R. Whiteford has taken for many years a deep interest in politics, and has found time to serve in public office. He is nov/ a trustee, having been elected in November, 1914, for a term of four years. Being brought up in a home in which the political affiliation was with the Democratic party, may account for his present membership in that party. Mr. Whiteford is an Odd Fellow, lieing a past grand in that order. He is interested, too, in church work, and is a deacon in the Presbyterian church. It is because of his interest in public affairs, as well as in the farming industry, that Mr. W'hiteford has become so widely and so favorably known in his community, where he has the esteem of friends, neighbors and acquaintances alike.

Charles H. Nieman

After trying his hand at farming and various other pursuits, Charles H. Xieman has discovered that his particular talents lie in the direction of the leading business of the age, that of the automobile, and is very successfully conducting a salesroom and garage at Aurora. Mr. Nieman has worked his own way up, step by step, and the man who possesses such sterling qualities is a credit to any city fortunate enough to have him for a- resident.

Charles H. Xieman was born on ]^Iarch 5, 1868, in Aurora, Indiana, and IS a son of John Frederick and Clara (Eylar) Nieman. His education was obtained at the country and parochial schools. At the age of seven years his parents moved to a farm in Randolph township, Ohio countv, where he remained until twenty-two years old, when he learned the buttcr-niakiii;; business, and C(3ndueted a creamery in Aurora for two years, after whioii he engaged in the ice business for a period of three years, changing fn.ini that to the grocery, and later opened a hardware store and handled farm machinery for about thirteen years, and after one or two other changes, finally went into partnersliip with J. C. I.inkmeyer in the automobile and garage business, in which he is still interested. Mr. Xieman is an ardeiit Republican, and he is a member of the Lutheran church.

John Frederick Nicman was a natiye of Germany, where he was reared and educated. He came to America in 1S63, and located first at Rising Sun where he was employed on a farm for a short time, and then moyed to Aurora and apprenticed himself in the cabinet-maker's and carpenter's trades, serving three years without pay in learning. He died in Aurora in 1902. In addition to his trades, ]Mr. Nieman was the owner of a small chair factory at Aurora, in which he employed a number of workmen. ]Mr. and ^^Irs. Nieman -were members of the Lutheran church, and were the parents of twelve children, as follows : Ernest, who resides in Texas ; Florentina, deceased, who was the wife of Henry Schumacher; Hem-y, deceased; Charles H., of Aurora, Indiana; Frederick, who resides at Paducah, Kentucky; Clara. the wife of John C. Linkmeyer, partner of our subject; W'ilhelmina, \\ho became the wife of Henry Hollman, of Seymour, Indiana ; Eliza, who died unmarried, and fijur who died young.

The histoiy of the maternal grandparents is lost, except that they were natives of Germany and died there, leaving four children, Clara ( ilrs. Nieman), and three others.

Charles H. Nieman was married on February 18. 1897, to Magdalena Linkmeyer, daughter of John F. Linkmeyer, whose wife was a Miss Hilker. There is one son to this union, Stanle}- L. }ilrs. Nieman was born in Ciesar Creek township in August. 1S68.

John F. Linkmeyer, father of Mrs. Nieman, was born in Germany, and is still living on the home place. His wife died in 1875, and he was again married. By his first wife ]Mr. Linkmeyer had three children, Theodore. Magdalena and John C. His second wife was Anna Bocksicker, and to that union six children were born, Mary, ^linnie, Clara, Catharine, Norma and Harry.

Mr. and Mrs. Nieman have many warm friends in Aurora, and Mr. Nieman has built up a prosperous business in the city and surrounding territory.

At the time when Oscar Liitsliaw began hi? agricultural career, fanning was carried on under ver}- different and more difficult meth'ids than it is toda_y. and more hours were necessary in securing the same resuhs. Mr. J^otshaNV has noted the various ciianges and im[irovemenls, and is mr)'.e capable of appreciating these adwantages than those who have filled their allotted time and passed on. or those who have grown to maturity later, having had no personal experience with pioneer methods.

Oscar Lotshaw \vas born on -\Iay 5. 1854, in Ripley county. Indiana, and is a son of David and ]\Iary Ann (Bell) Lotshaw. At the age of two months he came with his parents to Cold Springs, where he was educated, living at home until eighteen years of age, and then worked out by the month for several years. Later he rented two fanns in Dearborn county, wiiicl) he so successfully managed that he v.-as enabled in a short time to buy a farm of twenty-eight acres near Arran. but which he soon sold, reserving three acres for himself.

Da\'id Lotshaw was born in Pennsylvania, and came to Ripley county, Iniliana, at the age of twenty-three years, and here was united in marriage with Mary Ann Bell, daughter of John B. and Harriet Bell. She was born in Ireland, and caine to the United States when eleven years old, with ht-r parents, who settled in Ripley county, and lived there until they died. They were the parents of six children, Oscar, Ellen M., Mahaley, John B., Andrew and Elizabeth. ]\Ir. Lotshaw moved from Ripley county to Cold Sprin.gs, Dearborn county, where he had lived eight years prior to the commencement of the Civil War. He enlisted in the Eighty-third Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and died from an injury received while at ]\Iulligan Bend, Louisiana, and lies buried there. He was a son of George W. Lotshaw.

John B. and Llarriett Bell, the maternal grandparents, were born and reared in Ireland, coming to the L'nited States at middle age. and settling in Ripley county, whefe they lived to an advanced age, and are buried there.

Oscar Lotshaw was united in marriage with Susan Peterman. daughter of William and Lucinda Peterman. She was born on July 4. 1S55. in Ripley county, where she was reared, and lived until her death, which occurred in 1S94. This union was blest with the following children: William W., John W., Benjamin B., David, Andrew, Bessie Ann and Oscar. Mr. Lotshaw later, Air. Lotshaw was married to Alice Webb, of Dearliorn county, by | whom he had two children, \\'allace and Fay. Alice (Webb) Lotshaw died | in a sh'^rt time, and Mr. Lotsliaw took unto himself a fourth wife. AJ.rs. Hannah (Shaffer) Collins, widow of Irlenry Collins, a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Sells') Shaffer. .She was married to Henry Collins in 1890, bv whom she had one daughter, b'Jla -Collins, who became the wife of Oscar Rhuble, and resides at .Ab^ores Hill, To Oscar and blannah Lotshaw ha\'e been born three children, Emma J., Alamic L. and Ida H.

John and Llizabeth (Sells) Shaffer were natives of Pennsylvania, and came to Dearborn count-e tw(_^ ^ears after their marriage, in pioneer da}"s.

Mrs. Hannah Lotshav.- is a woman of great force of charact^'r, and is well kuMwn throughout Sparta township, and both she and Mr. Lotshaw have the respect of the community in which they reside.

Indiana has long been noted for high efficiency in its school system. It is said that the schools have reduced the illiteracy of the state until it now represents but six-tenths of one per cent, of those ranging between the ages of ten and twenty. The state has shown in recent years a progressive spirit and materially strengthened its school system by providing uniform textbooks: by enacting" a teachers' minimum wage law; by passing a compulsory educatiim law, and. by maintaining the high efficienc}' of its teachers and instructors.

Harry Andrews King was born on Octobar 27, 1867, at Kansas City, Missouri, and is a son of David C. and Sarah L. (Andrews) King. He attended the public schools at Alarshall, Illinois, graduating from the liigh school in 1SS5, after which he became bookkeeper in the office of the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Memphis Railroad. In 1893, Mr. King moved to Baldwin, Kansas, and entered the Baker University as a freshman, graduating in T897, and later entered the ministry of the Alethodist Episcopal church, .his first paste'ratc being at Belton, Missomi. He remained there one year and then went to Kansas City, in the same state, where he had charge of the Kansas Avenue and. Oakley churches for three years. In the fall of 1901 he resigned that pastorate to enter the Boston Uni\er?it_\ School nf Theology, and w as pastier of l^s^lcston Square ^Methodist Episco])al clunch in Boston at the same time, servin;^' three years, while attending the theological schi'ol, from which he was graduated in lOO-i, with the degree of Di.'Ctor of Sacred Theology. ha\iug already received the degree of Bachelor of Arts from Baker L'niversity, and in 1900 h^; received from the same university the honorary degree of Doctor of Di\init\. In 1904 Doctor King was called to the pastorate of the ]\Iethodist Episcoprd church at Kents Hill, [Maine, serving one year, and then received his second call to the Oakley Metliodist Episcopal church at Kansas City, in 1905: In 1907 he was elected educational secretary of Baker University, at Baldwin. Kansas, serving two years. On September i, 1909, Doctor King was elected president of -Moores Hill College, Moores Hill, Indiana, serving until November, 19 1 5, wdien he resigned, to accept the presidency of Clark University, at Atlanta, Georgia. In 1903 Doctor King made a bicycle tour of England, Scotland and the continent, and in 1905 he and his wife spent two montlis in Ireland, Wales, England, Scotland, France, Switzerland and Italy.

David C. King, father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Tennessee, September 19, 1S37. in a moving wagon, while the family was en route to Illinois from Virginia, He is a son of Valentine and Deborah Ann (Umbarger) King. His parents settled at ^lar.shall, Clark county, Illinois, where he was educated, attending the [Marshall College (now (liscontinued), where he was preparing for the ministry, but he was called to serve in the Civil War, going as lieutenant-colonel of Company F. Seventy-ninth Regiment. Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He was twice wountled, and was in practically all the battles of the Army of the Cumberland, twenty-five or more. In 1865, David C. King was married to Sarah L. Andrews, daughter of Rev. Dean and Louisa fShaw) Andrews. They moved to Kansas City, where Mr. King engaged in Uisiness as merchant and building contractor, which he followed until about 1890, when he retired from business. In 1910, because of poor health, he moved to Long Beach, California, where he died on May 19, 1915. [Mr. King was a member of the Methodist Ei)iscopal church, and for years wa-s an officer in the Grand Army of the Republic. Sara L. (Andrews) King was born in 1844, at Marshall, Illinois, where she received her early education, graduatmg from the Terre Haute Seminary (now discontinued). She died in April, [868. They were the parents of but one child, Elarry Andrews King.

The paternal grandfather was Valentine King, and his wife was Deborah Ann (Umbarger) King. The former was born in 1837, near Wythejt:. -li^i ville, \\'}"the count}", Virginia. They c.inie b}- wagon to ^lar.^hall. Illinois, in 1S37, and were tlie parents of six children, David C, Harvey, Lvman, Slrodder, Louisa and Emma.

The maternal grandfather was the Rev. Dean Andrews, who was born in 1808, at Fryeburg. Alaine. He was a minister and a graduate of PSowdoin College, Maine. He was the founder of the Congregational church, and also founder of JManshall College, both located at Marshall, Illinois. This college was celebrated for having turned out a number of prominent Illinois men. The Rev. Dean .\ndrews died in 1S72, aged sixty-four vears. His wife, Louisa (Shaw) Andrews, was born in the country, near ^Marshall, Illinois. Their children were Albert, Simon, Sarah and Mary. Rev. Dean Andrews was married, secondly, to ^Miss Mc^Iillen, of Rockville, Indiana. By this marriage there Avere three children, Fannie M., \\'illiam 3,1. (deceased), and [Margaret (also deceased).

Harry Andrews King was united in marriage September i, 1891, with Susie A. Newgent, daughter of Col. A. G. and Susan (Bullene) Newgent. She was born on June 13, 1874, at Kansas City, Missouri, and received her education at Kansas City and Independence. Missouri. To this union lune been born four children, as follow: Marie S., born on October 15, 1S93; Susie N.. November 19, 1895: }ilartha, November 24, 1900, and died on November 9, 1901; Sarah Elizalieth, September 17, 1906.

Col. A. G. Newgent, father of Mrs. King, was born in Clark coimt\-, Indiana, and his wife. Susan (Bullene) Newgent, was a native of New York state.

Weldon E. Howrey

Weldon E. Howrey. a farmer of Manchester township. Dearborn county, Indiana, was born in the same township where he now resides, August 23. 1859, a son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Gass) Howrey. Daniel Howrey was born in Germany. August 17, 1827, and was brought to this country by his parents when a small boy. They came directly to this section and settled on a farm near Hogan Hill in [Manchester township, and in the early schools of that district Daniel received his education. He worked with his father

Oil the family homestead, for tlic land had to be put into proper conditirm for cultivation, and the removal of the forests meant an immense amount of labor. Ik- remained with his father until the time of his marria.^c to Elizabeth Gass, January 3, 1850, when he started out in life for himself l)v renting a fami north of Hogan Hill, near his parents, which land he afterward purchased.

After farming" near Hogan liill for a few years, Daniel Huwre\- disposed of his holdings there and mo\'cd to Douglas count}-, Illinois, where he purchased a farm of one hundred and sixty acres and continued to live there until the death of his wife. He then sold out and went to Oregon, where lie made his home until the time of his death, about thirty years later. He never remarried, and the last three months of his life he lived with E/ra Dixon, an old-time friend, dying in that home on March 24, igoi. He was a man who was universally liked and respected, and was a faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he was a Democrat, although never taking any particular interest in political matters.

Elizabeth (Gass) Howre\', mother of the immediate subject of tliis sketch, and wife of Daniel Howrey, was a daughter of Anthony Gass, and was born in Manchester township, March 23, 1S30. She received her education in the early schools of her home district and remained with her parents until the time of her marriage. Both her parents were born in Germany and directly after their marriage they immigrated to America. They came directly to this township, and here passed the remainder of their li\es. There were five children in their family, the eldest of whom was Joseph. Elizabeth was the second child in order of birth. Then followed Muzella (Mrs. Wilson), late of Ripley county, and Mary and [Martha, who died \oung. Joseph is still living in Louisville, Kentucky, where he is a cigar-maker.

Weldon E. Howrey is the third child of his parents, there being four children in the family. The eldest was Henry E., who died young. ]\Iartha A. is the wife of a Mr. Langley, a retired farmer of Illinois. She is the mother of five children, Otto, (deceased), Oiler, Cora, Nellie and Albert. Marion E. is in the tile business in Fountain county, this state. He has been twice married, his first wife being JNIary Cox, by whom he had one child, Clarence E. His second wife was Anna Cuppy, and there are no children to that marriage

When quite a young boy, Weldon E. Howrey went wdth his parents to Douglas county, Illinois, and was but seven years old at the time of the death of his mother. After his father sold out and started west, Weldon was sent back to this county and was taken into t!ie h(ime of Andrew Sims, where he Hved for about two and one-half years. He then made his home W'ith Wilham ^[orton, at Jvlanchester, for a short time and for the followini>- eight years hved with \V. Rumsc)- and worked lor him on his farm, iiis first independent business venture was the rental of a farm of one hundred and twenty acres, which he tended for a year previous to the time of his marriage, November 10, 18S1, to Anna I. Walser. They first went to housekeeping in Alanchester and then for one year they lived on the Ellis farm of eighty acres, and then for the following three years they lived on the Rumsey farm of one hundred and forty acres. Their next move was to Union Ridge, this county, where they rented and farmed a tract of fifty acres, remaining there two years. From Union Ridge they went to near Kyle Station, where tlie_\- lived for a number of years on a farm of one hundred and twenty-four acres and then in 1901 they again moved to [Manchester, purchasing a farm containing eighty acres. The place was at that time in a badly run-down condition and they have made considerable improxement in it. There was on .the farm an old brick dw^elling which subject has remodeled and made a fine modern home out of it. The land, too. has been put in excellent condition and altogether the farm is one of the most up-todate in the community.

Anna Walser was born in [Manchester township, a daughter of Benjamin P. and Amanda (Jackson) Walser. She was educated in the common schools of that township and remained under the parental roof until the time of her marriage. Benjamin P. Walser, her father, was a son of James and Mary (Bailey) \\'alser. and was born in Manchester township on April 21, 1835. tlis education was rather limited, owing to the restricted opportunities of that day in this section, and from early boyhood he assisted his father in clearing and farming the home place. Pie remained at home until the time of his marriage to Amanda Jackson, May 15, 1856, and shortly afterward they started to housekeeping on a farm which he rented near his father's home. They remained there but a short time when he purchased one hundred acres near Plyle, this township, and later added a tract of seventy acres. Benjamin Walser's first wife did not live very long, passing away on May 22, 1S65. In the nine years of their married life she bore him five children, as follow: Charles, who married Lora Tibbetts, is deput}' auditor of Dearborn comity, and they are the parents of three children, Frances, Robert and Herbert, the latter deceased. Mary became the wife of a Mr. Rumsey and is the mother of three children, Florence (Mrs. Cross 1^

Walter and Lucile (Mrs. Welsh). John is a farmer of jMaiicheslci- lownsln]!, Anna is the wife of the sul)ject of this biography. Americas D., the young'f st child of the family, married Ida Aiulrcws and lives in Lawrenceburg-, wliere he is connected with the United States revenue service. He is the father of two children, Hobart and Howard. Benjamin W'alser later remarried, his second wife being Anna Alaria Case, with whom he was united in marriage on September 2."/, iS66, and by whom he jjecame the father of one child, Nancy (Mrs. Schooley). Benjamin Walser was a prominent man in this community in his day, being considered among the most influential citizens of his time. He was a strong advocate of the principles of the Republican part\' and for one term ser\-ed as county commissioner.

To Weldon E. Howrey and wife have been born four children : ]\Iollie. wife of Roy Fansler, a railroader living in Shelby county, this state, and mother of one child, Weldon Wesley; Hazel G., the youngest of the family, died on February lo. 1914, age twenty years; Ernest W. remains at home with the parents ; Hattie, the eldest of the family, is the wife of Thomas Edwards, a section foreman on the Big Four railroad, resides at Indianapolis, and is the mother of three children, Estelle, Floyd W. and Imogene.

Air. Howrey is considered one of the best citizens of his township, wh.o is al\\a}-s readv to ad\-ance the public interests whenever possible. For four years he served as township trustee, being elected on the Democratic ticket, and is counted among the active workers of that party in this section. He holds his fraternal aftiliation with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and is a past grand of that order. He is also a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and in the workings of both order he takes a deep and intelligent interest. In ever)- phase of life he is eminently deserving of the high esteem in which he is held bv all who know him.

Capt. Abram Hill

Tt is seldom, indeed, that the publishers are given the privilege of recording the life of a man who has serv^ed his country so well as has Capt. Abram Hill, and who has been survived by a wife who in her ninety-first year, is so keen and alert mentally that she retains her old-time knowledge of, and interest in, the world in which she lives. Those who have had long acquaintance with the family marvel at the retentive memon.*, as well as the physical and mental acti\-ity of a woman upon whose head tlie snows of manv winters have fallen, and they remember with keen satisfaction the service she rendered her countr\- when she gave her beloved husbanfl, kissinij the young soldier good-b}', when she knew not whether she might exer see him again. ' It is nut strange, therefore, that their children desire not onl_\ to commemorate the worthy life of their departed father, but to place a laurel wreath upon the brow of the dear mother who still brightens their lives b;.' her presence. Capt. Abram Hill was a Hoosier by birth, having been born near Lawrenceburg, in the township of the same name, in Dearborn county, Indiana, on November 10. 1S23. He died at the age of eighty-one years and four months, ^larch iS, 1905.

Back in the days of 1815. when wild animals roamed what are now the streets of Indiana cities, the sturdy parents of Abram Hill came from Virginia, and built their rude cabin in this county, undaunted by the dangers that surrounded them. Eli and Elizabeth (Hamilton) Hill were among the first to pre-empt govcrnrwent land in this part of the state, and into the task of clearing and cultivating it they put all the fervor of their youthful enthusiasm and hope. Their farm was in Lawrenceburg township, and here the_\' died, after they had lived long and useful lives. Like most all pioneers, they had a large family of children, these being by name: John, Ira, Eh, Elizabeti:, Wood, Susan Wood, Melinda Osborn, Daniel, Abram (the subject of this biography), ~\Iary Ann Kerr, and William.

A\'ith the exception of the few years during which he served in the Civil War, the life of Abram Hill was spent in Dearborn coimty, the place of his nativity. His boyhood was not different from that of other farmers" boys ; much of his time was spent in fishing, hunting" and swimming, and some time in the field, for there was plenty of work in clearing away the forest wilderness. Grown to manhood he was a farmer until his removal to Aurora in 1S76. when he became a coal merchant, continuing in this business along with other commercial enterprises until the time of his death. Soon after his residence in town j\lr. Hill purchased the wharf landing and wharf boat, and conducted the business at first in his own name, afterwards associating with him his two sons, Adam K. and Han,-ey E., who carried on the business after their father's death, for the first three or four years under the old name of A. Hill S: Sons. They then consohdated the firm with the Sunnyside Distilling Company, at the same time organizing the Pittsburg Coal Company, incorporated, which company retains its name and is under the management of Adam and Harvev B. Hill and H. T. Howe.

When the call to arms was heard, and tlic country's youth responded, Abrani Hill was among the first to offer his services, enlisting in Company I\, Twenty-sixtli Regiment, Indiana \'olunteer Infantry, in which he served lor one vear, at the end of which he resigned and returned home in onler to recruit a cavalry company, assisted by Captain Wright. This being accomplished, in 1863 he reiurned lo the front as First Lieutenant of Comjiany D, Seventh Indiana Cavalry, and served two years and four months. Althiiuj;h taking part in many battles and skirmishes, the young officer was never wounded. However, he narrowly escaped injury and probable death, when, on oue occasion, his horse was shot from under him. At the close of the war, having served with honor, he was mustered out, and again took up the thread of business activities where he had left them. Besides the oM lines, he fed stock at the distilleries of Lawrenceburg, Aurora and Cincinnati, dealt extensively in real estate, and at the same time, managed three farais.

On March 26, 1846, Abram Hill was united in marriage with ]\Iinerva Kerr, daughter of \^'alter and Elizabeth (Russell)' Kerr. ]\Irs. Hill has been and still is such a remarkable woman, that she rightfully occupies a large .'ihare in the present family history. Having always been fond of reading, Mrs. Hill has not allowed the years to lessen her interest in affairs, and she is considered one of the best-read women of her vicinity. In spite of her ninetv-one years, she reads without glasses. She was born in a log cabin near .'Vurora on September 3, 1S24. When a young girl, Mrs. Hill attended the old-fashioned "subscription schools,"" having to walk a distance of three miles, and then sat on a slab bench in the days when thc_\- had to "toe the mark" and "spell down." She was only fifteen years of age wlien, with others of the neighborhood, she joined the ]\Iethodist Episcopal church, ex which denomination she has continued to be an active member for seventysi.x years.

The father of Mrs. Hill was born and reared in North Carolina, and migrated to this state in 1816, he and his wife having married near Aurora, although the latter was a native of Elizabethtown, Ohio. They began housekeeping in H^ogan township where ]Mr. Kerr was a farmer, and at various times held a number of public offices, having been deputy sheriff for mainyears. Both Mr. and Mrs. Kerr were remarkably long lived, he passing away in 1901, at the age of one hundred and one and a half years, and his wife living to be ninety years old. her death occurring in 1S93. Mr. Kerr was unusually active, considering his age, even up to the time of his death. A family of ten children were born to Mr. and JMrs. Kerr : Mary Ann became the wife of Elijah Elder, and lived tu the ripe old age of cighty-fnur : Minerva is now past ninety-one: ^ilahlon Pr. died at tiie age of eighty-fonr ; Catherine married a ^Jr. W'orley : Rachel was a A[rs. Laird, and died in loof); Xanc. Jane is the widow of William Ketcham ; Elizaheth. Mrs. William Terlmne, passed away in 1903; \Mlliam lives on Salem Ridge; Charles died in the Civil War at \^icksburg, a few days after the surrender of that city, having taken part in the siege ; David is now a resident of Greensburg, Indiana.

William Kerr, the paternal grandfather of Mrs. Abram Hill, lived to Ijc eighty-four years of age. His wife was Lydia McClain. who at the time of her death was living in North Carolina. They. had the usual large familv so common to pioneers, in this case consisting of eight children: Jane (Mrs. Brown), Mary Ann (Mrs. ^McHridc). Catherine (.Mrs. Shutts), David. Walter, Aiken, John and Xancy. William Kerr, who was of Irish descent, had the distinction of being a soldier in the Revolutionarv \\'ar. The grandfather of ]Mrs. Hill on the mother's side of the family was William Russell, his wife's Christian name being Mary. The former was an Englishman by birth, and it is quite certain that his wife was a native of Xew York, as they were married in that state, coming to Cincinnati when that citv was still a village. Ideating at first on the Licking river, thev afterwards removed to Ehzabethtown, Ohio, where they lived until their death, both being comparatively young at the time they passed from earth. Their children were: Maiy f^^Irs. Simondson), ^Martha (Mrs. Thompson), Elizabeth (Mrs. Kerr), Joseph, who lost his life in the War of 1S12 ; ^Moses. who passed away in infancy: and William, who was never married and who died at seventy.

Abram and Minerva (Kerr) Hill were the parents of nine children, as follow : Amanda. Adam K., Milton V.. Llarvey B., Alice, Alta, Elizaberh, Lew W., and Jennie E. Amanda, the first-born, is the widow of William Seidler, of Aurora. Indiana, and the mother of Otto E. and Russell W. Adam K., of Aurora, married Ella Worley, and they are the parents of a daughter, Grace, the wife of C. J. Dils. ^lilton V.. of ^lound, Texas, of which t^iwi-i he is postmaster and general merchant, became the husband of Sophronia Sargent, and the father of f(^ur children, Walter (deceased), x\bram H., Gertrude (wife of Eletcher Dils) and James. Harvey B., of Aurora, married Alary L. Conger, who died leaving a son, Edwin, a leading writer on the Xc7^ York Sioi. and a man prominent in the newspaper world. The second ^^-ife of Harvey B. Hill was .\lma Hart, who also passed away. One of her children is named Harold, and the other. Gale, the wife of a Air. Taylor, of Et. Smith.

Ark'T'^'^s. Harvey B. Hill married, thirdly, Cornelia Parrish. Four children were bom to this union, Louise, I'lionias, Estella and Robert. .Mice, wife .if Rilev W. Curtis, is deceased, and her three children surxdve her. The\' are Lola, the wife of W'illiani Ketcham, 'Sine, who married James H. Lwbanl:, of Lawrenceburg, and Carl Curtis, a farmer living near Aur(_)ra. .\Ua was 1,'fl a widi.nv by the death of her husband, Enos iJuftnigtiin, of .Aurora. Eniil, lier son, lives at home with his mother; Alinerva, one of her children, grew tn be a young woman, and passed away ; the other daughter, Elizabeth, is living at home. Elizabeth lives with her mother. Lew \\'.. of Aurora, has one son who is assistant cashier of the First National Bank of Aurora. Jennie E., \vife of ^^'illiam Boone, of Seattle, Washington, is the youngest of the children born to ]Mr. and Mrs. Hill, and is the mother of two children, Marcia Leona, who is Mrs. Henry Fox, of Seattle, and Clyde, of the same city.

^\'bile Captain Hill deserves all praise for having done the work of a man in caring for his large family, it must not be forgotten that he had the ready and sympathetic co-operation of his noble wife, whose only ambition was to be a good wife and mother. But even with the many and trying cares which are the lot of a mother, this energetic woman found time for the cultivation of her mind, and perhaps it is for this reason that her mental faculties are so remarkable today. She is an authority on the early history of the county, as her memory enables her to recall with vividness and accuracy e\-cnts ami incidents of many years ago, and is an interesting conversationalist, retaining much that she has read. Such a wife was a real helpmate.

Among the activities in which both Captain and Mrs. Hill were most interested were the affairs connected with their religious life, for during their many years of membership in the Methodist Episcopal church, they ditl much to build it up both materially &nd spiritually, for they were leaders. Captain Hill held many offices in the church, thus attesting his value to it and to the community. He was also a prominent ]\Iason. Like his father before him he was a Whig, and then a Republican of the old-fashioned "stand-pat" variety.

The family from which Lew- W. Hill has sprung has been for se\eral generations one of the sort out of wdiich the best type of American citizenship IS made. Ancestors such as his are not a memory. They are an inspiration. And among these stands out most clearly the stanch patriotism of his father, and the true idealism of his mother.

Charles F. Luke

To describe iiitelligentlv tlie life and career of an acti\'e and successfr.l man is a difficult undertaking in a limited space, as it is necessary to toiicli briefly on the important instances of general interest, as well as dates and names, places of birth, marriage and death, for the benefit of those inteiested in ancestral research work. For the benefit of descendants, this impnrtant matter should receive the most careful attention.

Charles F. Luke, farmer, Cresar Creek township, was born on February 16, 1858, in the township where he now resides. He is a son of Frederick and Flora (Lothmann) Luke. He was educated at Farmers Retreat, and after leaving school, he followed agriculture under the instruction of his father, until his marriage, \\hcn he bought eighty acres of land from his father, to which he later added ninety acres, and at another time eighty acres, making in all two hundred and fifty acres of good, rich farm land, and as time went on, he purchased the old \Volf farm, containing one hundred and seventy acres. Mr. Luke later sold one hundred and fifty-five acres to his son, and he still resides on a splendid farm of two hundred and sevent}- acres. Mr. Luke has always been a stanch Republican, taking part in public affairs. serving for four years as township trustee. He is a member of the Lutheran church, of which he has officiated as trustee and treasurer.

Frederick William Luke A\"as born in Hanover, German}-, as was also his wife, Flora (Ix>thmann) Luke. They settled in Ctesar Creek township at an early day, renting for a time, and then bought a farm of forty acres in section 35 at a cost of eight hundred dollars, to which they later added forty acres, making' in all, eighty acres, on \\hich they lived until their death. Mr. Luke died at the age of eighty-one }ears, in 1894. He belonged to the Lutheran church. His wife. Flora (Lothmann) Luke was born in 1819, in Hanover, Gennan_\", and died in 1901. aged eighty-two years. To this union were born ten children, \^'ilHam, John, Carrie, Elizabeth (deceased), Emma ("deceased), Charles, Rosa, Hannah, Amelia and one who died in infancy.

William Luke was killed in the Civil War, at Port Republic, in 1862. John was married to Man,- ^lelcher, and is living at Cleveland, Ohio. They have two children, Frank and Ollie. Carrie became the -^vife of William Hildebrand, and is living at Cleveland, Ohio. Rosa is the wife of Williar;-! Renner. of Aurora, who is a cooper by trade. They had five children. Edna. Alvin, Norma, Lawrence and one who died in infancy. Hannah became the l'\'l)ruar\' u, iSfii, in Pike township. Ohio county, and was educated in that countv. on Bear creek, wliere she lived until b.er marriage, 'ilns union h:is been blest with seven children, T']dward, Lydia, Amelia, Daniel, William, Walter and one who died in infancy.

Edward Luke was married to Amelia Kenniger, and is living in Ca-sar Creek township. They have four children, Lucille, ^Marvin, Arnold and Aleda. Lvdia is the \vifc of Flenry Ruhlmann, and lixes at Dillsboro. Amelia became the wife of Theodore Westmeier, and is living at Farmers Retreat.

Henn- Vinup, father of 3i[rs. Charles F. Luke, was born on March jo, 1827, in Prussia, Germany, ami died in 1905, in Ohio county, Lidiana, aged seventy-eight years. His wife, ;\lary (Oatman) Vinup, was also a native of Prussia, German\-, her birth occurring on October 15, 1S39. They were married in Ohio county, Indiana, November i, 1857, and lived there until their death. Mrs. Vinup died in 19 10, aged seventy-one years. They were the parents of eight children, Henry, Carrie, William, Annie, John, George, Sophia and Lucinda.

Charles F. Luke is one of the genial and accommodating citizens of Ca-sar Creek township, where he is well known for his honorable and industrious life.

The Small family has been honorably and influentially represented in Hcarborn county almost ever since the days of the beginning of the establishment of social order hereabout. The first of the name in this county was Eliezer Small, a Virginian, who, with his wife and family of small children, immigrated to Indiana, shortly after the opening of this region to general settlement, and established a home on what is known as Ebenczer ridge, in ^Tanchester township, this county. At that time wolves still were plentiful in that part of the countv and this pioneer family met with many difficulties in making their home in the then wilderness. Eliezer Small was a mail Of much force of character, possessing the true pioneer spirit, and h.iwife was a mosi competent helpmeet; it being- undoubted that this worthy couple did very much toward bringing about proper social and ce<inoniic conditions in the earl_\- days of that now well-established district. They weie influential in all good works thereabout and their memor}' is held in hig'.i regard in that part of Dearborn county to this day. Eliczer Small and his \\;fe. with the diligent assistance of their growing childixm. cleared their homestead farm and created a home in the wilderness which radiated good influences far and wide in that region. Both of these earnest pioneers lived to good old ages and their deeds are not forgotten. They were the parents of six children, William H., Henry, Perry, America, Elizabeth and Phad^e Ann.

William II. Small was but a lad when his parents emigrated from \^irginia and settled in the wilds of Manchester township, in this county, consequently he had practically all his rearing- in Dearborn county. He grew to manhood on the Ebenezer ridge homestead farm and in the early part of his life followed farming, also becoming one of the first general dealers in hay and produce in that part of the county. In 1S64 he moved to \\'ilmington. the first county seat of Dearborn county, continuing, howe\'er, to keep uj) his extensive farming operations ; at the same time being largely interested in the grain business. He later erected a large warehouse in Aurora, this county, and Avas engaged in the grain business in that city up to within ten years of the time of his death.

\\'illiam PI. Small n-iarried Elizabeth Clements, who was born in the state of [Maryland, daughter of Charles Clements and wife, early settlers of this county, the latter of whom died in her young womanhood, lea\ing three small children. John, Charles and Elizabeth. To this union five children were born, of whom the subject of this sketch is now the only sm-- vivor, namely: Joseph C, the well-known banker and niantifacturer of Aurora, this county: Emily, who was the wife of John Wolcott; Charles H., Elias C. and one who died in infancy. William PI. Small died in iSSS, at the age of seventy-eight years, his widow surviving him some years, she being- se\ ent_\-six years of age at the time of her death. Mr. and ]\Irs. Small were earnest and devout members of the ^Methodist church, and their children were reared in that faith.

Joseph C. Small, son of William H. and Elizabeth (Clements) .Small, was born on the old Small homestead in Manchester township, D'^arborn county. Indiana, on November 28, 1844, and practically his whole life has liecii spent in this county, though for a few years in his young manhood ho was engaged hi business in lUinois and in Cincinnati. Since the year !8(')'), however, he has been continuously engaged in business in Aurora, this counl\', and few men in the county have built up a better or more substantial t.usiness reputation than he. Joseph C. Small lived on the paternal farm nitil he was thirteen years of age, receiving his elemcntar\- education in the district schools of Manchester townsliij). lie then was placed in a private school at Wilmington and, after finishing tlie course prescribed in that excellent school, received a thorough business education in Bar'dett's Commercial School at Cincinnati. During the period of the Civil War his services were engaged by a river traffic company and for two years or more he was in charge of that company's tow barges on the Ohio. He then went to Ouincy, Illinois, where for a little more than one year he was engaged in the hay and grain business, at the end of which time he went to Cincinhati, where for several vears he was quite successfully engaged in the grocery business. In 1S69 Mr. Small returned to Dearborn county, locating in Aurora, where he took charge of the John C. Cobb Chair Company's affairs, being thus engaged for some years, at the end of which time he was elected secretary and treasurer of the Aurora Gas Company, a position which he occupied for more than twenty years; his duties as practical manager and superintendent of the gas company's affairs being performed with the utmost regard for good faith, both in his relations with the company and with the public. ]\Ir. Small's able services then were engaged by the company operating the Aurora tool works and until 1913 he had practical charge of this extensive plant, his duties as secretary, treasurer and general manager gi\'ing him general control of this companv's affairs, during which time the industry expanded and flourished. His investments were largely confined to real estate and lie became a landowner, one of his farms, in Newton county, Indiana, covering ten thousand five hundred acres of fine prairie land, and another, in Mason county, Illinois, covering two thousand four hundred acres.

Mr. Small retired from tlie tool works and on September 29, 1913, was appointed receiver of the affairs of the Royer Wheel Company, of Aurora, a position which he still occupies, under direction of the court. The Ro>cr \\ heel Company, which was incorporated about twenty-five years ago, with a capitalization of three hundred thousand dollars, is engaged in the manufacture of all kinds of wheels for vehicles, its product being sold in all parts of the United States, as well as in many foreign countries. The concern employes on an average of about one hundred and fifty men, this factory being regarded as one of Dearborn county's most valuable industrial institutions, yir. Small was one of the organizers of the Dearborn National Bank, of T.a\vrenccl)urg, being a stock-bolder in tliat sound old financial institution, and alsn is a director of the I'irst National Bank, of Ain'ora. to whicii latter excellent institution he gives much of his personal attention.

On November 27, 1869, Joseph C. Small was um'ted in marriage to Leali Elizabeth Cordry, who was born in Wilmington, this county, daughter of James and Leah (Collins) Cordry, natives of Delaware, who came to this county many years ago, locating in Wilmington when that promising village was the county seat of Dearborn count)-, and both died there well along in years. They were influential and useful citizens of Wilmington and the parents of five children, all daughters, Mary, DoUie, Sarah, Elizabeth ami Alice. To Joseph C. and Leah Elizabeth (Cordry) Small two children have been born. Bertha C, and one daughter who died in infancv.

]\Ir. Small is a stanch Republican and for many years has taken a pail in the political affairs of Dearborn county. He has been a delegate to Republican state conventions on numerous occasions and a factor in such meetings of the leading men of the party in Lidiana. INIrs. Small and her daughter are earnest and active members of the ?vIethodist church, the familv being active in all good v\orks hereabout, and all are held in the highest esteem in their very large circle of friends and acquaintances. Mr. Small for many years has given his best endeavors to the upbuilding of the commercial, industrial and financial interests of Dearborn countv.

Being self-reliant, and equipped with a good education, together with a firm determination to reach the top, Doctor Jackson has won his wav from the life of a farmer boy to his present well-established and successful business in Aurora, wdiere he is not only well known as being an able and skillful practitioner, but where he is considered an authority in many of the branches of his profession, and through his fraternal alliances, as well as through his professional successes, he is one of the most popular men in the city of Aurora.

John M. Jackson was born on February 9, 1S81, at the little village of Pleasantville, Sullivan county, Indiana, and is a son of Jefferson G. and Rebecca (Carbin) Jackson. He grew to young manhood on his father's farm ill Sullivan county, Indiana, where he attended the district scIkjoIs, graduating fidni the rieasantville higli scIiumI in the spring of 1900, and then entered Marion Sims Medical College. St. Louis, spending one year there, after which he spent three years in the ^iledical College of Indiana, graduating April 19, i()Ov He then spent one year in the hospital at Vincennes, after which he ! icaied at Lyons. Indiana, remaining there six and one-half years, and came til Aurora on February 3, 1913. since \\hicli time he has built up a lucralixe [ir;ictice. Doctor Jackson gives his support to the Republican part\'. He helnngs to Aurora Lodge No. 51, Free and Accepted ?.lasons, and is a past master of Lyons Lodge Xo. 63-I : he is a member of Lyons Lodge Xo. 647, bidependent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he is past grand, and also served as district deputy grand master, and is a member of the Rebekahs, as is also his wife. They are both members of the Eastern Star at Lyons. lie is a member of the County }*ledical Society and the State }iledical Society, and was vjrgeon for the Indianapolis and \'incennes division of the ^'anda!ia railroad for five years during his stay at Lyons.

Jefferson G. Jackson, father of the immediate subject of this biography, s'. as ix>rn in Kentucl:v, ami came to Indiana when a boy, growing to manhood ill Sullivan county, wliere he always followed agricultural pursuits, owning a small farm in the hills of Sullivan county. lie went to the Civil War in Company C, Fift3'-ninth Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantiy, and particijtated in many of the hard-fought battles under General Sherman. He was through the battles of Atlanta, Vieksburg and Chattanooga, and was with Sherman on the march to the sea and was at the Grand Review at ^Vashing- '"U. D. C. He was a private, and served some time as a sharp-shooter. Fle is nnw living in retirement in Sullivan county on the old home farm, at the age "1 seveny-five years. Flis wife, Rebecca (Corbin) Jackson, also a native of Kentucky, died in 1900, aged fifty-five years. They were both !Missionar\- I'aplists, and \er}' strong in their faith. To this union were born fi\-e children, namely: Elza A., who died in infancy; Mary Margujrite. deceased, who '---as the wife of Ji. B. Lind ; Vi'iley .\., of Greene county. Indiana; Amand;i A.. -'ho died in infancy; and John M., of Aurora.

The paternal grandfather of our subject was John T. Jackson, and his was Mary L. (Pirtle) Jackson, natives of Kentucky, and pioneers in ^'-illivan county, Indiana, where Mr. Jackson died at the age of seventv-eight, -ind his wife at the age of ninety-three years. They were the parents of six -.hilrlrcn, namely: William, John II., James, Jefferson G.. riarriet and Eliza- '.--th.

The maternal grandparents were ^NTartin Corbin and his wife, natives of Kentucky, and early settlers in Sullivan count)-, Indiana. Mr. Corbin died in Kansas, at the age of eighty-eight, and his wife died in Kentuckv, aged about thirty-six. They had three children, Rebecca, Fdizabeth and John,

John jM. Jackson was imited in marriage on September 7, 1904, with Daisy C. O'llaver, daughter of Thomas B. and Sarah (Pluffman) O'Haver. She was born in Greene county, Indiana, and Avas reared in Sullivan county, where she was educated, graduating from the Pleasantville high school. She later attended the Normal College at Danville, Indiana, and taught school for some years. This union was blessed with three children, Robert jNL, Dorothy L. and J. Kenneth. Dorothy died when three years of age. ^Mrs. Jackson is a loyal member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Thomas B. and Sarah (Huffman) O'Haver, parents of Mrs. Daisy Jackson, were born in Indiana. Her mother died on August 31, 1904. Her father is still living. Their children were Myrtle, Roscoe C. and Daisv C.

The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Daisy Jackson was Pleasant O'Haver, for whom the town of Pleasantville was named. He and wife had ten children, as follow: ^Villiam P., Charles, Stanley, Frank, Thomas B., Grace, Louisa, Martha, John and Serilda.

The maternal grandfather was Isaac Huffman, whose wife was Clarissa Huffman. To this union four children were born, onl}- one of whom lived to maturity, the mother of Mrs. Daisy C. Jackson.

Doctor Jackson is a man of admirable character, and all through his honorable career his transactions with his fellow men have been above criticism. , , . ,

Perhaps no other single factor has been so largely instrumental in putting the city of Lawrenceburg "on the map" as that great, progressive and thriving industrial concern, the Bishop saw and tool manufacturing plant, the product of which is known all over the country wherever tools of the description manufactured in this plant are used. The great advance made by this plant during the years that Charles R. Bishop was at the head of the concern and in active management of the same is conclusive evidence of 3»Ir. Bishop's extraordinary ability as a business manager and promoter of industry. Prior to May I, 1914, at which time j\Ir. Bishop retired from the active cares of business, turr.iiig the maiiag-enient of the p;reat factory over to his son, Charles E., and Frank Gould, ilr. Bishop had full control of the factory and to hini, therefore, very properly may he .£,M\-en full credit for the creatiDn of one uf the largest concerns nf its kind in the central states. Beginning, at the tender age of thirteen years, to make his \\ay in the world, witliMUt a cent of capital to hack him and with fcv, if an}-. heli)ful outsiile influences to give him a friendly push along the wav to fiirtuue, ]\[r. Bishop. l)v sheer force of energv and enterprise has risen to a post of commanding intluencc in the commercial and industrial affairs of this section, and no work assuming to present a faidiful reflection of the events of the times in Dearborn county would be complete without a comprehensive reference to his career as a "captain of industr\-." It is with pleasure, therefore, that the present biographer assumes the task of setting out here the following- brief and modest re\-ie\\ of the life and the labors of the gentleman whose name the reader notes at the head of this biographical sketch.

Charles R. Bishop was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, the "Queen City of the West," the son of John and INlary Ann ('R_\der) Bishop, both of whom were natives of England, the former a native of Devonshire and the latter of Ivent, who, at an carl}- date, came to America and located in Cincinnati, and who were the parents of three children, Charles R., the immediate subject of this sketch; Emily I., widow of Thomas Croxton, a resident of DiUsboro, this county; and George H. (deceased), a one-time well-known resident of Cincinnati.

John Bishop, ujjon arriving in America, first located in Cincinnati, but later moved to Dearborn county, Indiana, where he engaged in farming, buying a farm of one hundred and sixty acres in the Dillsboro neightorhood, on which he spent the remainder of his life. He prospered in his farming venture and later bought another farn-i of one hundred and twenty-eig-ht acres. His widow survived his death, her death not occurring until some years later. John Bishop was the son of Joseph and Rachel Bishop, the former of whom was a capitalist and owned a larg-e estate in England, who were the parents of diree children, John, Joseph and Rel^ecca. Mr. Bishop's maternal grandparents, Thomas and Isabel (Instep) Ryder, lived to ripe old ages. Thomas Ryder was a minister of the established church of England, four of whose children came to the United States, Mary An.n, Henry, George and Charles.

Charles R. Bishop remaii-ied on the paternal farm near Dillsboro until he was thirteen years of age, at which time he decided that the life of the farm was not the life for him and struck out for the citv. Arri\-ing in Cincinnati, tlie city of his !)irth. lie fiir a time worked in a cooper shop, but later took to carriage blacksmithing ami served an ajjprenticeship at this latter trade. His health beginning to decline, he was advised to get out into the open and, pursuant to this advice, secured a position as brakeman and fireman on the Ohio & Mississippi railroad, faithful ser\ice in this capacity soon bringing to him jiromiition, he being given a run as a freight conductor on the same road, this run being between Cincinnati and Seymour, Indiana. Further promotion presently gave him a run as a passenger conductor on the same road, this run being- between Cincinnati and St. Louis, and in this capacity he serve.! for many jears. Not content with this apparent slow advancement in the railroad service in this section, ^Ir. Bishop went west and was made division superintendent of one of the growing roads in the west, later being promoted to the position of district superintendent, which }X)sition he presentlv resigned to take the position of general manager of the saw and tool-making plant at Lawrenceburg. Indiana, a concern in which he had been heavily interested from its foundation, and in which he still is interested, though living a life of quiet retirement in his fine home at Cincinnati, having turned his active interest in the business over to his son, Charles E., and Frank Gould.

The great plant owned and controlled by the Bishop Saw and Tool INIanufacturing Company, at Lawrenceburg, Indiana, manufactures all kinds of saws, together with tools of nearly every description and has established an enviable reputation in nearly every state in the L^nion. The motto of this company is "Quality, not Quantity," and the output of the plant susiains the motto in every respect, the quality of the product of the factory ha\ing made friends among the users of these tools all over the countiy. The Bishop saw and tool manufacturing plant is one of Lawrenceburg's chief industries and keeps several hundred men employed the year round, a fact upon which the members of the company very properly pride themselves somewhat. In the full sense of that much-abused term, 'Mr. Bishop rightly may be styled a selfmade man, as solely upon his own initiative has his success been founded. Starting in life as a youth of tender years, with a very limited education and without a penny in his pockets, by industry and close application to business and by judicious management, he developed this extensive industry until it has become known far and wide as one of the leading industries of its kind in the country-.

On November 12, 1S76, Charles R. Bishop was rmited in marriage with Amelia J. Doeneka, who was born in Hartford, Connecticut, the daughter of August and Elizabeth (W'olbert) Doeneka, natives of Germany, both of whom are now dead, who were the parents of five children. Ameha, Louisa, Carohne, Joseph and Thomas. Augaist Doeneka was colonel of a Kansas regiment during the Civil War and was drowned while in the service.

To Charles R. and Amelia J. (Doeneka) Bishop four children were l)orn, Benlah, Viola and Pearl (iwins^, and Charles E. Beulah married A. W. Frank, of Cincinnati, to which union one child has been born, Bett}sue. \'iola died at the tender age of four years. I'earl married Harry K. Prudden, of Harrison, Ohio. Charles E., who is unmarried, is in association with Frank Gould, now at the head of the Bishop saw and tool works and is gi\'ing full promise of following faithfully in the footsteps of his competent father as a manager and business promoter. He is a graduate of Cincinnati Technical School at Cinciimati, and of Nelson's Business College.

Mrs. Bishop is a member of the Presyterian church, of which church Mr. Bishop is an attendant and warm supporter. He is a member of Hopewell Lodge No. 87. Free and Accepted ^ilasons. of Dillsboro, Indiana ; of Aurora Chapter No. 17, Royal Arch Masons; Aurora Commandery, Knights Templar, and of the Indianapolis Consistory, Scottish Rite ^Masons. His son, Charles E., also is a thirty-second degree Mason and is a member of the Cincinnati Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine.

Mr. Bishop not only has made a large success of his own business, but at the same time has taken a large interest in the general commercial and industrial progress of Lawrenceburg and for years has been recognized as one of the most public-spirited and influential men in that city, he ever doing liis part toward the development of the city's best interest in every direction. Needless to say, he is a man who is regarded with the highest esteem on the part of all who know him and there have been few more popular residents of Dearborn count V than he.

Philip H. Alio

Philip H. Alig, general farmer and stock raiser, was bom on August 24, 1882, at St. Leon, Kelso township, and is a son of Philip and Magdalena (Wilhelm) Alig. Fie has always been an enthusiastic farmer, and after his marriage he rented a tract of one hundred and sixty acres from his father. which he cultivated for two years very successfully and then purchased the place outright. Having been satisfied with his land investment. Mr. Alig has never moved from the place on which he originally settled when he first went to housekeeping. He is one of the honored and respected citizens of the township, in which he has held sc\"eral of its offices, among thcni beingthose of, town marsh;',!, to which he was elected in 190S, serving two and in 1913 he was elected to the offices of clerk and town treasurer of St. Leon, winning out by a large majorit}-. He is a strong bclie\er in the Democratic policies, and a member of the Catholic church at St. Leon.

I'hilip Alig, Sr., was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, and came to St. Leon with his parents when but two years old. Here he was reared and received a good common school education, and the inducements offered in his home town have always been sufficient to prevent him seeking new fields of endeavor. To the original tract of thirty acres, purchased when he first ventured out on his own responsibility, he has added piece by piece, until he now owns a splendid farm of four hundred acres, all of which he put under cultivation, ilr. Alig has always been a stanch Democrat, and held some of tlic township offices, one of wliich was that of town trustee, which he filled for twenty years. He is a devout m.ember of the Catholic church, to which he contributes liberally each year. His wife, Magdalena (Wilhelm) Alig. was born in Franlslin county, where she was reared and educated. They lia\e had ten children, !Mary (]\Irs. \A'erner), George, Philip H., Anna (Airs. Frcy). John. William, Otilda (Mrs. \A'illielm), and three \\ho died young.

Philip H. Alig was married to Josephine Schuman, who was born on July 16, 1S90, the daughter of Joseph A. and Alice (Metzler) Scluiman, a sketch of whom is presented elsewhere in this book. Mr. and ]\Irs. Alig have had two children, Joseph and Marcella. Mr. Alig and liis wife have many warm friends in the township, in which he has always taken a great personal interest in questions of general interest and benefit r)f the public.

Carroll L. Stevens

The late Carn,ill L. Ste\"ens, for years one of the best-known and most influential citizens of Aurora, this county, was born on November 10, 1S80, a son of Charles Carroll and Suzanne (Fogelmann) Stevens, of Scottish descent. His birthplace was Aurora, Indiana, and there he was reared and received his elementary education. Upon com^pleting the public-school course, he entered Moore's Hill College, after which he attended Culver Aililitary Academy. Mr. Stevens \-\-as an. earnest member of the Alethodist church, of which his widow, survives him, is also a member. At the time of his death, which occurred on September 4, 1913, at the age of thirty-two years

:uk1 ten months, his widow and sons became liis si'.cccssors in liis store, which lias been cstabHshed o\-er sc\ent_\ -five years, duiinp; all i<i which time it has been in the Steven- I'amil). Mr. Stevens was allied with the Anmra ("omniercial Chilj, and the Dearborn Chili, ami was ahvav'S greatly interested iri the welfare of his home cit)-.

Charles Carroll Stevens, father of the late Carroll I... Stevens. \vas born in Indiana, being reared and educated at Aurora, where he was a merchant for a great many years. His death occurred on December 6, 1906. while mi a trip ti) hlorida for his health, at the age of fift}--six vcars. and his widnw, who was a native of Ohio, died on April 30, 1014, aged sixty years. They were both members of the }\[ethodist church. The only child born to their union was Carrol! L, Stevens, the suliject of this memoir, Charles C, StCN'ens was the son of William I'rank Ste\-ens, a native of Pennsyh-ania, wIk) came to Dearborn county when a mere lad, and after growing to manhood furmed a partner.ship with Josiah Chambers, establishing the firm of Chainliers, Stevens & Company in Aurora, where they handled a large and attractive line of merchandise, this store being C)nc of the oldest in the state. At the death of Charles C, Stevens, his son became his successor, whose son also, in turn, succeeded him, William F. Stevens married ]\Iary Scott, by whom he h.ad three children. Charles Carroll. Mrs, Ida ]\laltby, and ^^frs, Al)igail Cole, Suzanne I'^3gelmann was the daughter of William h^tgelmann, who li\-ed for a t'lne at Cincinnati. Ohio, and later moved to Loveland. in the same state, where he and his wife both died, the former at the age of seventy-nine, and the latter at the age of sixty-nine. They were the parents of the foll(.nving children: Mrs. Martha Townsend, Mrs. Lydia ^Morrow, Airs. Louise Williamson. Mrs. Stizanne Stevens and William.

Carroll L. Stevens was married on January 15, 1003, to Marie Coutant, daughter and only child of Melvin Ransom and Lizetta (Melson) Coutant, She was born on December 24, 1881, at ]\IcComb City, Mississippi, and was .graduated from the high school at Springfield, Illinois. To this union two children, sons, were bom. Charles Carroll and Melvin Ransom.

Melvin Ransom Coutant. father of Airs. Carroll L. Stevens, was born at Lawrenceburg, this couiUy. His wife died on January 29, 1900. and lie now makes his home at Kingston, New York, where he is master mechanic of the Ulster & Delaware railroad. Alelvin R. Coutant is the son of Manrice and Mary Elizabeth Coutant, both natives of Nev.- York state, the former of French descent. Maurice Coutant, as a young man. was located at Cochran, Indiana, where he occupied the position of master mechanic in the shops of the Baltimore & Ohio Southwestern Raihvav. At the time of his death he was sevent\'-se\"cn years old. His widow sur\ i\es him. and now makc> her home at Decatur. Illinois. They were the parents of four children. ]\klvin R.. William. Cleorge Edward and Ida.