DeKalb County, Indiana - Biographical sketches (2 of 2 so headed), 1914 (part 4 of 20)

James E. Pomeroy received his elementary education in tiie public schools of his home town, graduating from the high school in 1884. Immediately afterwards, through the influence of James Sterling, one of the leading attorneys of tliat count)-, he was i)re\-aile(l upon to enter the latter's oJfice and take up the study of law. About tliat time, however, he was tiirown upon his own resources and, by force of circumstances, he engaged in teaching school until he was about twenty-seven years old. In the meantime he had continued his legal studies in the Northern Indiana University, at Valparaiso, Indiana, and in March, 1895, he realized in a measure his ambition by being admitted to the bar of DeKalb county at Auburn. On Octolier 4, 1904, he was admitted to practice in the supreme court and to the United States district court at Indianapolis in 1905. Since his admission to the bar Mr. Pomeroy has remained in the practice of his profession at Auburn, and has built up a large and remunerative clientele. It is scarce less than supererogation in outlining the leading facts in his life to refer to him as a lavvver in the ordinary phraseology which meets requirements when dealing with the average member of the legal profession. He has been indeed much more than eminently successful in his legal career, for he has become a master in his profession and a leader among men distinguished for the high order of their legal ability. As a member of the bar Mr. Pomeroy has faithfully and honestly discharged his duty. He has always counseled and maintained such actions and defenses only as have appeared to him to be just, and he has never been known to reject from any consideration personal to himself the cause of the defenseless or depressed. He has never sought to employ means other than such as have been entirely consistent with truth, and has never sought to mislead the court or jury by any artifice or false statement of fact or law, but has adhered so closely to the established code of ethics that he has merited the confidence which is placed in him by his fellow members of the bar. Air. Pomeroy has been connected with most of the really important cases which have been tried in the DeKallj court since entering practice and has been notably successful in his efforts. One of the most noted of these cases was that of Grover Enslcy, who was accused of murdering his wife's paramour and who was defended by Mr. Pomeroy. The evidence at the coroner's inquest showed that the defendant had taken both a revolver and a shotgun into a next-door neighbor's house and there watched for his wife and her illicit visitor, and that when he saw them leaving the house to go to B'ort Wayne he rushed out and shot the man. The wife sided against her husband. It took a week to try the case, the defense being handled with masterly skill by Mr. Pomeroy. The defense claimed that the shooting was an accident caused by Ensley stepping into a hole ; that he had the gun to scare the decedent and hold him until he could bring about his arrest. It was a dramatic scene when the defendant, who was proved to be a diligent, lawabiding citizen, and a kind and faithful husband, took the .stand in his own behalf. His looks and demenanor showed that he was not a bad man. -He had been advised by Mr. Pomeroy to say no unkind word of his wife, and he did not. The defendant had stammered badly all his life, and did so on the stand. For eighteen hours he was on the witness stand and the story developed man)' touching details of sincere devotion and heart yearning, and the final tragedy, that moved to tears the jury and most of the spectators, some of them weeping aloud. Mr. Pomeroy's handling of the case w-as masterly in every way and showed that he had given to the defense much thought and study. He seemed to have every section of the law bearing on the case at his finger's ends. During his argument to the jury he won the admiration of all by the able manner in which he presented his side of the case, and the result enrolled him among the foremost criminal lawyers of the country. Within ten minutes after the jury retired they were practically ready for a verdict of acquittal, and when their verdict was announced a great cheer swept over the court room and was taken up by the waiting crowd outside. No such scene was ever before enacted in DeKalb county and when the jury was excused, the throng, including the jurymen, crowded around the defendant and Mr. Pomeroy, showering them with congratulations for the gallant fight they had made in a case that at first looked hopeless, but now looked as if it was settled in the only just and right way.

Fred Bunge and wife. Fred Biinge came from Germany to the United States in 1854 and located near Auburn, where he and his family lived for many years. For the past thirty years the\- ha\e li\ed on a farm one and a half miles west of Butler. Mrs. Pomeroy's mother, whose maiden name was Shoup, was born at Canton, Ohio. JMr. and Mrs. Pomerov have no children of their own, but have adopted a boy, Blaine Lamar, now two years old. He is a son of Jesse O. and Lula (Balliet) Hilkey, a highly respected family. The lad's mother died when he was only ten days old, and he was adopted by his foster parents when he was nineteen days old. Mr. Pomeroy has a beautiful and attractive home at Van Buren and Fourth streets, Auburn. He finds recreation and pleasure in the cultivation of flowers and plants and he has beautified his home by his artistic arrangement of the plants and shrubbery. Personally, Mr. Pomeroy is a man of genial and kindly impulses and gives his sympathy and support to all worthy causes. In the civic life of his community he is an important factor and is numbered among the men of progress and enterprise. Because of his eminent ability, professional success and high personal qualities, he enjoys a wide popularity in the county which is honored by his citizenship.

Harvey O. Williams

The office of biography is not to give voice to a man's modest estimate of himself and his accomplishments, but rather to lea\e upon the record the verdict establishing his character by the consensus of opinion on the part of his neighbors and fellow- citizens. In touching upon the life history of the subject of this sketch the writer aims to avoid fulsome encomium and extravagant praise; yet he desires to hold up for consideration those facts which have shown the distinction of a true, useful and honorable life - a life characterized by perseverance, energy, broad charity and well defined purpose. To do this will be but to reiterate the dictum pronounced upon the man Ijy the people who have known him long and well.

Harvey O. Williams was born on J\Iay 12, 1890, on his father's farm one mile west of Auburn, and is the son of John and Mary (Rinehold) Williams. The father was born at Millersburg, Ohio, and when about eighteen years of age came to DeKalb county, Indiana, with his parents, Cvrus and Amanda Williams. The familv first located near Corunna, but subse- quently the parents located near Hiintertown, Allen county, Indiana, where they spent the remainder of their days. John Williams was reared to the life of a farmer, which vocation he followed as a day laborer up to the time of his marriage in 1879, when he went to farming for himself just east of Auburn on the Ashelman farm. About seven years later he was enabled to buy a farm of his own a mile west of Auburn, where he lived until 1897, when he disposed of that place and bought another farm of one hundred and twenty-five acres located about eight miles south of Auburn, where he still resides. He has all his life been an active supporter of the Democratic party and served as a member of the county council about six years. In 1902 he made a close race for the ofiice of sheriff. He has long been numbered among the leading men of his community.

Harvey O. \Villiams was reared on tb.e jjarental farmstead and attended the Auburn public schools, graduating from the high school in 1910. His first employment after leaving school was in the office of the master mechanic uf the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad shops at Garrett, Indiana, wlieie he remained until April, 191 3, when his father-in-law, Warren McNabb, county recorder, died, when by the latter's request, Mr. Williams was appointed to succeed him in this official position, and he has since served as recorder, the appointment being made on the i8th of April. At the time of his appointment he was but twenty-two years of age, and is believed to l;e the youngest county official in Indiana. Though young in years, he is discharging" the duties of his office in as efficient a manner as could be desired, and has earned the sincere regard of all who have dealings with him and with the office.

On June 18, 1912, Har\'ey O. Williams was married to Edith J. McNabb, of Garrett, Indiana, the daughter of Warren McNabb, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this work. Politically, Mr. Williams is a supporter of the Democratic party, and fraternally is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and with his wife, belongs to the Daughters of Rebekah. The>' are also members of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which they take an active interest and to the support of which they contribute liberally of their means. Socially, Mr. Williams is a member of the Phi Delta Kapjja Greek letter fraternity.

Mr. Williams has realized early that there is a purpose in life and that there is no honor not founded on worth, and no respect not based on accomplishment. He has started right and his many friends predict for him a \-ery successful career.

Dekai.B County, Indiana

Each calling or business, if honorable, has its place in human existence, constituting a part of the plan \vhereh\- life's methods are pursued and man reaches his ultimate destiny. Emerson said that ".Ml are needed by each one." And that is as true in one avenue of life's activities as in anothtr. However, the importance of a business or profession is in a very large measure determined by its beneficence or usefulness. So dependent is man upon his fellow men that the worth of each indi\idual is largely reckoned by what he has done for humanity. There is no class to whom greater gratitude is due from the world at large than to those self-sacrificing, sympathetic, noble-minded men whose life work has been the alleviation of suffering that rests on humanity, thus lengthening the span of human existence. There is no known standard liy which their beneficent influence can be measured: their helpfulness is as broad as the uni\-erse and their power goes hand in hand with the wonderful laws (jf natiu'e that come from the \ery source of life itself.

Adam M. Oswalt was born June 30, 1870, at Three Ri\ers, Alichigan, and is the son of Adam and Anna (Detwiler) Oswalt. At the age of five years the subject was deprived by death of a mother's lo\'e and care, and he then went to live in the home of Charles Shelhart, who reared him to manhood. Soon after becoming a member of this household the family mo\'ed to a farm at Sherwood, iVIichigan. where Mr. Oswalt spent his boyhood days, securing his education in the common schools there, supplementing this by attendance at the Tri-State College at .\ngola, Indiana, where he received his diploma. The two following years were spent in farm labor at the home of his foster father. In iSqj Mr. Oswalt engaged in general merchandising at Ray, Indiana, which he carried on successfully for fi\e years, relinquishing that line of effort at the entl of that period, however, in order to take up the study of osteopathy which he had determined to make his life work. To this end he entered the .\merican School of Osteopathy at Kirksville, Missouri. He graduated on January 25, IQ05. He immediately engaged in the practice of the profession at South Bend, Indiana, but one year later came to Auburn, where he has since been located, and in the practice of his profession here he has been markedly successful. The science of osteo])athy is comparatively new, but because of the notable success which has accomjianied its practice, it has gained many adherents, and its practitioners ha\e gained an enviable standing in the profession. Dr. Oswalt has a])plied himself closely to his profession and has gained the confidence and regard of all with whom he has come in contact because of his professional ability and personal worth. In 1897 Dr. Oswalt was married to Jessie Marie McNaughton, of Ray, Indiana, the daughter of Archibald and Fidelia (Lewis) McNaughton. Dr. and Mrs. Oswalt are members of the Presbyterian church at Auburn, which they attend regularly, and to which they contribute liberally of their means. They move in the best social circles of the community and enjoy the loyal friendship of all who know them.

James Bowman

In the person of this venerable pioneer farmer, now deceased, we have a sample of a worthy race of people to whom the country is largely indebted for its de\-elopment and progress. He was not a showy man, simply a plain, industrious tiller of the soil, who worked hard to get a start in the world, provided well for his family, did his duty to his fellow men and made a good neighbor and citizen. To such as he Indiana owes much. Here and there, scattered o\er the state in e\-ery county, on well-tilled acres, they toiled and worked, cleared, grubbed and ditched, fought the forces of nature in the wav of swamps and dense forests. graduall\- making headway until in time we see the beautiful and highly cultivated farms as the result of their arduous labors. Such were the pioneer farmers. They did not figure in pulilic life. Their names were seldom mentioned in the ])apers, they li\-ed cpiiet and unpretentious li\es, but it was their work and their self-sacrifice that was gradually building up the state, adding to its wealth and beauty, until it became one of the finest agricultural regions in the world. Mr. Bowman was a public-spirited man in all that term implied, was ever interested in enterprises tending to promote the general welfare and withheld his support from no movement for the good of the locality so long honored b\- his residence. His personal relations with his fellow men were ever mutually ]ileasant and agreeable, and he was highly regarded by all, having been easily approached, obliging and straightforward in all the relations of life.

James Bowman, who during his life was one of the best known citizens of Waterloo and vicinity and an honored pioneer of Franklin township, DeKalb county, Indiana, was born in Onondaga county, New York, on March II, 1815, and his death occurred at his home in Waterloo on July 7, igoo, at the advanced age of eighty-five years. He came of a long line of sterling ancestors, the first members of the Bowman family haxing come to this country from Holland. Their remains now lie buried near Albany, Xew York. To them was born a son, Peter, whose wife's Christian name was Mary, and they lie buried in Belle Isle cemetery at Van Buren. Xew York. Peter and Mary Bowman had four children, three daughters and a son, the latter named John, having been born at Trenton, New Jersey, on April 15, 1789. \\'hen he was but five years old his parents moved to New York state and there he married Matilda Minner, who was born on September 9, 1787, in Connecticut. They became the parents of twelve children, all of whom grew to maturity. The mother of these children died in 1854 and the father subsequently married his first wife's sister, Sallie. His death occurred in 1869. The fourth of the children in order of birth was James, the immediate subject of this sketch.

James Bowman was reared to maturity on the home farm in Xew York and received his education in the common schools. Shortly after his marriage, which occurred in 1839, he and his wife started west via the Lake Erie Canal and Lake Erie to Toledo, from whence they drove overland with ox team to Franklin township, DeKalb county, Indiana, where he entered a section of government land and erected a log cabin. Here he began the struggle common to the pioneer settlers of the frontier west, and in the creation of a home and the clearing and imjjroxement (if the farm he received the able cooperation and assistance of his wife. The farm w hich was thus located and im- ])ro\ ed has been since owned and occupied by his grandson, James Hodges, and mother, Mrs. A. J. Sinclair. In the spring of 185 1 Mr. Bowman moved to what is now the northeast edge of Waterloo, where he built a home and also erected a saw mill. At that time heavy timber covered the greater part of the land now the site of Waterloo and much of this timber was worked up in the mill owned by Mr. Bowman. He was a successful man in everything to which he addressed himself and as he prospered financially he contributed to the growth and development of the community in every way possible, giving liberally of his means to the erection of churches, school houses, and in other ways contributing to the welfare of the citizens. For nearly twenty-nine years during his later life he was disabled liy paralysis tn sucii an extent as tn be confined to a chair. However, during these nearly three decades he was always ])atient and cheerful and to the last maintained a deep interest in everything about him. His mind was as bright in his last years as at any period in his life, and he always managed his own business affairs. He was made of thnse sterling nualities nut of which the frontier -ettk-rs of the niidille West were made and to liim is due the gratitude of present generations for wiiat he did in the way of opening up and clearing the wa}- for the later splendid civilization which has characterized this section of the state.

On September 26, 1839. i" Onondaga county, New York. James Bowman married Rebecca Jane Bort, who was born probably in Onondaga county, the daughter of Christian and Susan (Ouackenbush) Bort. To their union were born eight children, of whom five are now living, namely: Mrs. A. J. Sinclair, Mrs. James P. McCague, Mrs. C. E. Montavon, Charles and Frank, all of whom are living in Waterloo.

Among the citizens of Auburn, DeKalb county, who, through their own persistent and well directed efforts, have achieved a gratifying measure of success in their vocation, is the gentleman whose name appears at the head of this sketch, \^'ith little outside assistance, he has steadily forged to the front, overcoming obstacles and unfavorable circumstances, until today he is numbered among the successful men of his community.

James Y. W. iNIcClellan, a well known citizen of Auburn, was born two and one-half miles south of this cit}' on No\ember u. 1855, and is the son of James McClellan, Jr., and Mary Jane (Summers) McClellan. James McClellan, Jr.. was born on October 2^. 1826. in Wayne county, Ohio, and was a son of James, Sr., and Elizabeth (Knapp) McClellan, the former having been born on Nox-ember 10, 1793, at McKeesport, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania. He was a son of John ^ifcClellan. who, it is believed, came from Ireland. It is said the McClellan family was of Scotch ancestry and is descended from a Scotch chieftain named Clell. who reigned over highland territory in Scotland. Tradition has it that Clell li\-ed there many centuries ago and his domain was called Clell's land, shortened to Clelland. "Mc" means "son of." The families in the United States bearing the names of MacLellan, McLellon, McClellan and McClelland doubtless sprang from this original stock from the southwestern ])nrt of Sc<itlan(l. During the religious wars of 1640 many fann'lies of the name nioxcd from Scotland to Ireland, later coming from Ireland to America shortly l)efort' the .\merican Revolutionary war, settling in Xo\a Scotia, Canada and the Xew England states, New York, Pennsylvania and North and South Carolina. They were usually Presbyterians in their religious belief. James McClellan. Sr., bad two sisters and four brothers, of whom Robert was a captain in the war of 1812, another brother, Joseph, being a private in the same war. The other brothers were William and John. These brothers were all Presbyterians in their religious belief. About 1812 James McClellan, Sr., settled in Wayne county, Ohio, where he remained until i860, when he came west, settling in Huntington county, Indiana, and in 1866 came to Delvalb county. On June I, 1815, he married Elizabeth Knapp, who was born June 28, 1797, and died on November 28, 1846, being buried in Wayne county, Ohio. James McClellan, Sr., died May 17, 1875, and is buried in Auburn. James Mc- Clellan, Jr., was reared on the paternal homestead in Ohio, and on May 11, 1854, married Mary J. Summers, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Smith) Summers, who came from Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, to DeKalb county in 1847 ^"'l settled one mile east of Auburn, where they entered land and cleared a farm and remained all their lives.

James Y. W. McClellan was reared on the home farm and received his educational training iirst in the public schools of Auburn, graduating from the high school in 1879. He then entered the literary department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, but, after two years' study there, his health failed and he was compelled to return home. The next twenty years of his life were spent in the operation of the home farm, in which he was eminently successful, both financiall}' and in the complete restoration of his health. In 1898 Mr. McClellan moved to Fort Wayne, where for a year he ran a feed store, but then moved back to Auburn and has resided here since, most of the time being engaged as a real estate broker and dealer in fertilizer. He has been very successful in everything to which he has turned his hand and enjoys a wide reputation through this section of the state as a man of good business ability, sound judgment and wise discretion in all of his affairs. Because of his courtesy and absolute integrity he has commanded the confidence of all with whom he has dealt and no more popular man is numbered among Auburn's business men. Politically Mr. McClellan is an ardent advocate of the Democratic party and for a number of years has been active in its councils, having been a member of the county central committee for a number of years. He has been recognized in the way of public preferment a number of times, having been a member of the county council and several times appointed- drainage commissioner. In 1903 he was elected mavor of Auburn and his administration was one of the most successful this city has ever had. During his term of office a gas plant was built, an (28) interurban line was constructed through Auburn and great progress was made in the paving of streets and in making other pubhc improvements. Fraternally, Mr. McClellan is a member of the Knights of Pythias, Free and Accepted Masons and he and iiis wife belong to the Order of the Eastern Star.

On Xo\ember 4, 1913, Mr. McClellan was elected mayor of Auburn for four years by one of the biggest majorities Auburn ever gave a candidate.

In 1885 Mr. McClellan married Jennie Barton, of Ashland, Ohio, the daughter of Elisha and Se villa (Weirman) Barton. Mr. and Mrs. McClellan move in the best social circles of .Auburn and are popular among their acquaintances.

To be anything but mediocre in any profession requires not only a happy combination of natural faculties, but also a strong personality, a blending of courtesy and affability, and certain business qualifications that no discouragements can overcome. The well known physician whose name forms the caption to this article and whose name has long been a household word in this county seems to possess these traits, for he has climbed, step by step, from a modest beginning to a position of prominence in his community, being now numl)ered among the leading representati\es of the medical profession in De- Kaljj county.

Joseph E. Showalter, of \\'aterloo, was born near Huntington, Indiana, on the 1 8th day of January, 1863, and is a son of Levi and Clarinda A. (Shilling) Showalter. The Showalters in America are descended from good old German stock, the emigrant ancestor having come to America about two hundred vears ago, settling in New Jersey, and from his eight sons have come the nianv representatives of this family now scattered over the United States. The subject's paternal grandfather was Joseph Showalter, who was a prosperous citizen of Wayne county. Ohio, where he owned two hundred acres of land, besides which he gave eighty acres in Indiana to each of his children. His son, Levi, was born in Wayne county in 1838. living there until he was twenty-two years of age. The eighty acres which he received from his father were located in Huntington county. Indiana, and thither he proceeded in i860. On the way he stopped in Concord township. DeKalb county. Indiana, where he formed the acquaintance of Clarinda Shilling. Their acquaintance ripened into love and some time after he had established himself in his new home, he returned to Concord township and married her.

She was born in Stark county, Ohio, in 1841, and was the daughter of Joseph E. and Catherine (Hornberger) Shilhng. They came to Indiana in 1846, driving through and locating in the woods in Concord township, where the parents lived until late in life, when they moved to Auburn. In 1876 Levi Showalter bought the old Shilling farm, in Concord township, and there made his home for about twenty years, when he moved to Waterloo, where his remaining years were spent, his death occurring in 1908: his widow still lives in Waterloo. They were the parents of twel\-e children, of whom four died in infancy. Those living are as follows: Joseijh F.., the immediate subject of this sketch; Mary, the wife of Frank Parker, of .\ngola, Indiana; Cora, the wife of John A. Friedenberger, of Pontiac. Michigan; Jennie, who li\es in Waterloo, is the widow of the late Daniel Roraliaugh ; Hortense is the wife of William E. Ingalls, of Salem, Oregon; Myrtle, who is unmarried, lives in Waterloo; William A., of Salem, Oregon; Bessie, of Waterloo, unmarried.

Joseph E. Showalter was reared on the paternal farm in Concord township, receiving his elementary education in the common schools, and afterwards attending the Tri-State Normal School at Angola. He then engaged in teaching school for three years, when, haxing decided to take up the practice of medicine, he matriculated in the medical de|)artment of Wooster University, at Cleveland, where he was graduated in 1893, \vith the degree of Doctor of Medicine. A few months later he came to Waterloo, and entered upon the active practice of his profession, in which he has been engaged practically ever since. Natural aptitude, thorough professional training and an ardent love for his work ha\e combined to render him signally successful and among his professional brethren in this county he is held in high regard. He has been successful financially and is the owner of a fine farm of one hundred and forty-three acres, two miles south of ^^'aterloo, which is well improved and on which the Doctor has recently erected a fine large barn, up-to-date in every particular.

In 1893 Doctor Showalter was married to 01i\'e Moor, of Concord township, DeKalb county, the daughter of Noah and Josephine (Nelson) Moor. Her paternal grandfather, William Moor, came from Ashland county, Ohio, in a very early day, the Nelsons also coming from the same locality. To Doctor and Mrs. Showalter have been born four sons, three of whom are living, namely : Edward Bruce, John Paul and Eugene D.

Politically, Doctor Showalter believes in the principles of the Socialist party, but in local elections he supports the men and measures which seem to him best for the public welfare. Fraternally, he is an active member of the

Independent Order of Odd Fellows and other fraternal orders. Quiet and unassuming in disposition, Doctor Showalter is, nevertheless, a man of forceful personality and positive character and among his fellow citizens he is held in the highest regard.

Dr. Simeon Underwood Tarney

Each calling or business, if honorable, has its place in human existence,. constituting a part of the plan whereby life's methods are pursued and man reaches his ultimate destiny. Emerson said that "All are needed by each one." .And that is as true in one avenue of life's activities as in another. However, the importance of a business or profession is in a very large measure determined by its beneficence or usefulness. So dependent is man upon his fellow men that the worth of each individual is largely reckoned by what he has done for humanity. There is no class to whom greater gratitude is due from the world at large than to those sympathetic, noble-minded men who have applied their efiforts to the alleviation of human suffering. There is noknown standard by which their beneficent influence can be measured; their helpfulness is as broad as the universe and their power goes hand in hand with the wonderful laws of nature. Among this honored class in DeKalb county, Indiana, must be numbered him whose name appears as the caption of this article, who through a long course of years has enjoyed the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens, and today is numbered among the representative people of his county.

Simeon Underwood Tarney is a native son of DeKalb county, Indiana, having been born in Jackson county on October 16, 1838. His parents. Samuel and Elizabeth (Wyatt) Tarney, came in 1837 from Ohio, and entered government land in Jackson township, which they improved and developed into a good farm, and there they spent the remainder of their days. Samuel Tarney was a typical pioneer, strong and stalwart of body, and equally rugged in character, being numbered among that sterling class who laid here the foundations for the splendid prosperity which has l>een inherited by the present generation. He was a practical millwright and successful farmer and was the owner of one hundred and sixty acres of good land. Politically, Samuel Tarney was an active supporter of the Democratic party and satisfactorily filled several local offices. To him and his wife were born seven children, of whom one died in infancy.

<:ulti\-ation of which he gave a hand as soon as large enough. His educational training was received in the common schools and at the age of twenty-one years he engaged in teaching school, carrying on this vocation during the winters for about five years, working on the farm in the summer vacation periods. In the fall of 1865 Mr. Tarney engaged in the butcher business at Corunna, where he remained five 3'ears and then moved to Auburn, where he opened a shop on Main street, opposite the court house. He conducted a good business and remained thus engaged there for eighteen years, becoming well known as a man of good business methods and fair dealing with his patrons.

As early as 1884 Dr. Tarney began work as a specialist in the treatment of rectal diseases, and in 1888 laid aside all other interests in order to devote his entire time and attention to this practice. His attention was first turned particularly to this form of ailment because of his own sufferings from rectal trouble, for which he could secure no relief from methods or remedies then in use. He then devoted himself to a serious study of the subject and finally, after a series of experiments, succeeded in formulating a remedy that effected a complete cure in his own case. Believing that he had discovered a valuable cure for one of the most annoying physical ailments, he then gave the remedy a thorough test on others until absolutely satisfied that he was right, and then he began placing the remedy before the public. The remedy is known as the Positive Painless Pile Cure and has had a wonderful sale, its beneficent effects being testified to by hundreds of testimonials which have voluntarily been given to the Doctor by those whom he has treated successfully and who have been helped by this wonderful remedy. The Doctor has been successful materially, as the result of the successful record of his remedy, but more to him than material success has been the satisfaction of knowing that he has been instrumental in relieving human suffering and thus performed a real service for humanity.

On June 17, i860. Doctor Tarney was united in marriage with Caroline O. Castner, who was born and reared in Seneca county, Ohio. To this union have been born three children, namely: Laura Etta is the wife of Joseph Guy, of Chicago; Madison Melvin, who died at the age of thirty-four years, was married, but left no children: Romeo Elliott spent most of his life in Auburn, Indiana, but is now a resident of San Jose, California. He has been twice married, first to Ada McNabb, by whom there were two children, Ralph and Ruth ; his second wife, who was a resident of San Jose, was Edna Geach.

Fraternally. Doctor Tarney is an active member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to the local lodge at Auburn, which he instituted, being at that time district deputy grand master. He has been an Odd Fellow for forty years and still keeps closely in touch with the workings of the society, in which he retains a live interest. Though now in his seventyfifth year, he retains his physical powers to a remarkable degree, being as active as most men of forty years and enjoying splendid health. Intensely optimistic in his view of life, he is a genial companion at all times and is well liked by all who know him. He owns some valuable residence and business properties in Auburn, including his own comfortable and attractive home, and is proud of a fine cottonwood tree standing in the yard of his home, it having, since 1876, attained a height of ninety feet and a circumference of over nine feet.

Doctor Tarney has been an eye-witness of and active participant in the wonderful development which has characterized this section of Indiana, his memory going back to the pioneer days when wolves howled around their log cabin home at night and when deer were more plentiful than sheep are now. The pioneer home was primitively and scantily furnished, and lacked many things now considered actual necessities, but life in those days was less exacting and in many respects more carefree, so that the pioneers raised their children to habits of industry, persistence and economy which today are not emphasized as they should be. In the community where he has spent threequarters of a centuiy, Doctor Tarney has so lived as to win and retain the sincere respect and confidence of the people and he is deser\edly pojnilar in the community which has been honored bv his citizenship.

Terry A. Rolinger

By a life of jiersistent ami well applied industry, led along the most honorable lines, the gentleman whose name appears above has justly earned the right to be represented in a work of the character of the one at hand, along with other men of DeKalb county who have made their influence felt in their respective communities.

jerry A. Bolinger, foreman of the trimming department of the Zimmerman Manufacturing Company at Auburn, was born in the city in which he now resides on December 29, 1872, and is a son of Andrew and Elizabeth (Walborn) Bolinger. These parents, who were both natives of the

State of Pennsylvania, came in their childhood to Dayton, Ohio, where they were reared and where their marriage occurred. During the latter sixties they came to DeKalb county, locating three miles west of Auburn, where the father followed farming pursuits and also conducted a dairy, and there he lived until his death, which was the result of injuries received by being struck by a railroad train at (jarrett on August c^, 1887, while on his way home frdUi tlelixering milk. He lingered uiUil Septeuilier .d, that year, when he passed away. He was one of the leading members of the Lutheran church at Auburn, living a life entirely consistent with his profession and was an official of the church for many years, his wife also belonging to that society. They were the parents of four children, two sons and two daughters, namely: Benjamin Franklin, familiarly called Frank; Emma, the wife of Emanuel Miser; Lettie, the wife of Levi Wolf, and Jerry A., the subject of this sketch, who was fourteen years old at the time of his father's death. In 1888 the family moved to Auburn and here the mother still resides.

The subject of this sketch resided on the home farm, in the work of which he took a part until his father's death and his mother's removal to Auburn, when he accompanied her to this 'city and here finished his education, which had been begun in the district schools. His first active employment was in the Auburn woolen mills, where he remained two years and then he entered the employ of the Kibblinger C(>nii)any. manufacturers of carriages, where he learned carriage trimming. When Mr. Mclntire succeeded Mr. Kibblinger, Mr. Bolinger remained with him seven years and then accepted a position as a carriage trimmer with the Zimmerman Carriage Manufacturing Company at Auburn, with whom he remained five years, then going back to the Mclntire Company for five years longer. In October, igo8, Mr. Bolinger went to Butler and took charge of the carriage trimming department for the Butler Manufacturing Company, in which position he was retained three years, and then going to Elkhart, Indiana, took charge of the trimming department for the Crow Motor Car Company. After remaining there one season Mr. Bolinger returned to Auburn and on August 3, igi2, took charge of the trinuning rocMii for the Zimmerman Manufacturing Company, having sixteen men imder him. P.y natural adaptability and training Mr. Bolinger is well r[ualifiecl to supervise this important department of the business and his services with the different firms with which he has been connected have been eminently satisfactory in every respect. He has at all times enjoyed the fullest measure of confidence on the

In 1892 Mr. Bolinger was married to Lottie Shall, who was born two and one-half miles west of Auburn, the daughter of Eli W. and Adeline (dinger) Shull. Her father, who was born and reared here, is the son of Henry Shull, one of the early pioneers of this county. The dingers are also one of DeKalb county's prominent old families, the early generation of the family having located here at a time when corduroy roads were in vogue and bridges more conspicuous by their absence than otherwise. To Mr. and Mrs. Bolinger has been born a daughter, Jessie, who is riow stenographer for the De Soto Motor Car Company. She was for a time erhployed in the city treasurer's office at Elkhart.

Fraternally, Mr. Bolinger is a member of the Knights of Pythias and for a number of years was pi-ominently identified with the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Religiously, the family are all members of the Lutheran church. In every phase of life's activities in which he has been engaged, Mr. Bolinger has performed his full part as a man among men and. standing four square to every wind that blows, lie merits the high position which he now enjoys arhong his fellow citizens. Genial and unassuming, he has a host of acquaintances throughout the county, among whom he is popular.

Tohn W. Baxter

It cannot be other than interesting to note in the series of personal sketches appearing in this work the varying conditions that have compassed those whose careers are outlined, and the efifort has been made in each case to throw well focused light on to the individuality and to bring into proper perspective the scheme of each respective career. Each man who strives to fulfill his part in connection with human life and human activities is deserving of recognition, whatever may be his field of endeavor, and it is the function of works of this nature to perpetuate for future generations an authentic record concerning those represented in its pages, and the value of such publications is certain to be cumulative for all time to come, showing forth the individual accomplishments of which generic hi.story is ever engendered. The bar of DeKalb county has ever maintained a high standing, and among the alile members of' the same is he whose name introduces this paragraph. With a natural predilection for the law, and endowed with an analytical mind and ready powers of assimilation, Mr. Baxter has for a number of years been firmly established in his profession here, retaining a representative clientage and holding the esteem of his professional confreres, at the same time leading such a life as to gain the confidence and respect of all classes.

John W. Baxter was born in Franklin township, DeKalb county, Indiana, on November 19, 1849, and he is the son of Andrew and Nancy (Brown) Baxter. Andrew Baxter was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, the son of William and Sarah (Rogers) Baxter. He spent his childhood in Pennsylvania, moving with his mother to Wayne county, Ohio, where his marriage to Nancy Brown occurred. The latter was born in Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, and was the daughter of Andrew and Ellen (Richey) Brown, the former a native of Scotland and the latter of Ireland. William and Sarah Baxter were Scotch-Irish Presbyterians, from the north of Irelatid. In the fall of 1840 Andrew Baxter came to DeKalb county, Indiana, and entered a tract of government land in section 5, Franklin township. He built a cabin and then returned to Ohio, and then, as early as possible in the spring of 1841, he brought his family to their tiew home. The land had not then been cleared and jNIr. Baxter's first crop of corn was planted by striking his axe into the ground, dropping corn into the hole and then tamping by stepping on it. In that primitive way he succeeded in raising sufficient grain for feeding purposes. He spent practically the rest of his life on that farm, moving to the city of Auburn when eighty-nine years old and dying two years later. He had been prominent in the civic and public life of his community for many years, ha\ing ser\ed several terms each as trustee and assessor of the township. He was twice married. His first wife, who died in January, 1856, left eight children, Elvina, Ellen, William, Andrew, Mary Jane, John W., Nancy Emeline and James B. About two years after the death of his first wife, Mt. Baxter married her sister Elizabeth. To the second union were born six sons, five of whom grew to maturity and survived their mother, namely: Charles O., Miles, Chauncey, Cory and George. Mrs. Elizabeth Baxter died on January 3, 1877, and Andrew Baxter passed away on December 18, 1903. Religiously, Mr. Baxter never identified himself with any church, though his leaning was toward the Presbyterian church, for which he had the greatest respect and veneration, as he did for all religious societies. Politically, he was a stanch Democrat, never voting any other ticket. Between him and hfs children there existed the warmest afifection. though on neither side was there much demonstration. Judged by present-day standards, Mr. Baxter did not receive much scliool education, but he had been a close student and was well informed in the fundamental sciences, being especially good in mathematics and a splendid penman. He took the keenest pleasure in assisting his children in their studies, and all but two ar' three of them afterward became teachers.

John W. Baxter was reared on the home farm, attending school at Auburn, Angola and Butler, He then entered the law department of Michigan State University at Ann Arbor, where he was graduated in 1876. He then borrowed one hundred and fifty dollars from a sister and one hundred and fifty dollars from a man, paying fifteen per cent interest to the latter, and with these funds he bought a law library and began the practice of law at Butler. He formed a partnership with William T. Bope, who had been a fellow student in the office of McBride & Alorlan, at Waterloo, when the two \oung men read law together, and later they had been classmates at Ann Arbor. They remained together two and a half or three years, when they dissolved partnership. Air. Bope going to Bad Axe, Michigan, where he has prospered and still lives. In 1880 the clerk of the DeKalb circuit court died and Mr. Baxter was appointed to fill out the unexpired term, and in the fall of that year he was elected to a full term of four years. x\fter the expiration of his term as clerk, Air. Baxter resumed the practice of law at Auburn, where he has since remained. Though quiet and unostentatious in his manner, Mr. Baxter has impressed himself on the citizens of his county and he has been connected with much of the most important litigation tried in the local courts, while he has a hea\y office practice and has done a \ast amount of work that has not brought him prominently to the notice of tlie puljlic. Personally, he is a genial and companionable man, an interesting conversationalist and one who impresses himself favorably on all who come in contact with him.

Politicallv, Mr. Baxter is a Democrat, though not a very active partisan, while rcligiouslv he and his family are identified with the Methodist Episcol)al church.

On November 29, .1877, Air. Baxter was united in marriage to Ella Chamberlain, the daughter of Dr. James X. Chamlierlain. To this union have been born six children, one of whom died in earl\- infancy, and one, Laura, died of diphtheria at the age of four years: Alary, who is a graduate of DePauw University, is teacher of languages in the Au1:)urn high school : Frank, who graduated from the Indiana Law School in IQ05, was for three years engaged in the practice with his father at Auburn ; going to Fort Wayne on a business trip, he lost his hfe in the burning of the New Aveline hotel in that city; George graduated from Purdue Uni\ersity in the department of mechanical engineering, and, after teaching two \ears in that institution, he went to Indianapolis, where he is now employed as a mechanical expert with the Rockwood }*Ianutacturing Company; Ruth is a student in the high school at Auburn

Willis Rhoads

Fealty to facts in the analysis of the character of a citizen of the type of the gentleman whose name appears at the head of this sketch is all that is recjuired to make a biographical review interesting to those who have at heart the good name of the community honored by his residence, because it is the honorable reputation of the man of standing and affairs, more than any other consideration, that gives character and stability to the body politic. In the broad light which things of good report ever invite the name and character of Mr.Rhoads stand revealed and secure and, though of modest demeanor, his career has been signally honorable and useful and may be studied with profit by the youth entering upon his life work.

Willis Rhoads, the efficient and popular cashier of the City National Bank of Auburn, Indiana, was born on October 2, 1867, in Steuben county, Indiana, and is the son of Richard F. and Nancy ( Gates) Rhoads. Both of these parents were natives of New York state, being brought b\- their respective parents to Indiana in their childhood. Richard F. Rhoads was the son of Lorenzo D. and Abbie Rhoads, who came to this locality in 1850 and entered a tract of government land in Steuben count}', where tlie\- spent the remainder of their lives. Nancy Gates was born in Broome county, .New York, and in 1840 was Ijrought to Steuben count)-, where her parents also entered government land and were numbered among the early pioneers. Lorenzo Rhoads had a brother who was a colonel in the war of 1812 and the land which the family acciuired here was oljtained through government script. The^' still hold script entitling them to forty acres of government land in certain states. Richard F. Rhoads and Nancy (jatcs were married in Steuben county, were life-long farmers, and liveil there to good old ages, the father dying in 1910 and the mother in iqii. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and under their careful direction their son Willis was reared with correct habits and instilled with correct principles of living. He was reared on the home farm and attended the pubHc school at Orland, graduating from the high school there in 1886; then he became a student in the Tri-State Normal School at .Ajigola, where he was graduated in 1891, with the degree of Bachelor of Science. He then applied himself to the reading of law in the office of Judge Roby, at Angola, and in 1894 he was admitted to the bar, when Judge Stephen A. Powers was on the local bench. Mr. Rhoads continued his law studies and took a course at the Indiana Law School, where he graduated in 1895, with the degree of Bachelor of Laws. Returning then to Angola, Mr. Rhoads formed a partnership with Judge Roby and entered actively upon the practice of his profession. In 1896 he was elected prosecuting attorney for the thirty-fifth judicial circuit, comprising DeKalb and Steuben counties, and was re-elected in 1898, thus serving two terms in this responsible position, in which he earned many warm encomiums because of his faithful and able performance of duty. In 1900 Mr. Rhoads moved to Auburn and again formed a partnership with Judge Roby, who in the meantime had moved to that place. Five months after the partnership was formed Judge Roby was appointed to thu bench of the state appellate court, and Mr. Rhoads thereafter practiced alone until 1907. Well grounded in the !)asic principles of law, a close student of late decisions, careful and painstaking in the preparation of his cases, and a forceful and effective pleader in court, Mr. Rhoads achieved a splendid success in his practice and earned the high regard of his professional colleagues. On May i, 1907, Mr. Rhoads was elected cashier of the City National Bank, of which he had been a stockholder since 1902, his selection being prompted largely by the notable success with which he had managed and closed up the affairs of the DeKalb Bank, at Waterloo, and the McClellan Bank, at Auburn, both being owned by the same stockholders and failing at the same time, and of which Mr. Rhoads had been appointed trustee in bankruptcy. As cashier of the City National Bank, Mr. Rhoads has demonstrated business and financial ability of high order and the splendid record which this strong institution is making is due in a large measure to his energetic efforts, personal influence and sound judgrhent in the handling of its affairs.

The City National Bank of Auburn was organized in 1902 with an authorized capital of $50,000, the principal promoters of the enterprise being W. H. Mclntire (who became president). Dr. F. M, Hines, F. E. Davenport, cashier, and I. M. Zent, of Auburn, and Timothy J. Knisely and David Knisely, of Butler. In 1907 Mr. Mclntire sold his stock in the bank, the new officiary being as follows: President, Dr. F. M. Hines; vice-presi- dent, C. M. Brown; cashier, Willis Rhoads, and assistant cashier, Fred W. Knott; directors, F. M. Mines, C. M. Brown, I. M. Zent, Willis Rhoads, Rev. August Young, H. Garrett, Philip Carper and Emory A. Shook. The financial statement of the Cit)^ National Bank, at the close of business on June 4, 1913, was as follows: Resources - Loans and discounts, $255,- 706.63; overdrafts, $4,002.13; U. S. bonds to secure circulation, $25,000; other bonds to secure U. S. postal savings deposits, $7,000.00; bonds, securities, etc., $4,000.00; banking house, furniture and fixtures, $18,330.64; due from national banks not reserve agents, $25,505.49; due from approved reserve agents, $60,647.37; checks and other items, $1,041.03; notes of other national banks, $880.00; cash on hand, $19,360.19; redemption fund with U. S. treasurer, $1,250.00; total, $422,723.48. Liabilities - Capital stock, $50,000.00; surplus fund, $14,000.00; undivided profits, less expenses and taxes paid, $4,319,58; national bank notes outstanding, $25,000.00; deposits subject to check, $205,266.93 ; demand certificates of deposit, $93,877.82; saving deposits, $25,382.63; postal savings deposits, $4,876.52; total, $422,723.48.

A Republican in his political affiliations, Mr. Rhoads has taken an active and effective interest in public affairs, and in 1908 he was the nominee of his party for state senator, but went down to defeat together with the rest of the ticket. Fraternally, he is a member of the Masonic order, in which he has attained the first fourteen degrees in the Scottish Rite, and he is also a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Knights of the Golden Eagle. Religiously, he is, with his wife, connected with the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is one of the stewards. In the civic life of the community, Mr. Rhoads has been a prominent figure and an influential factor, having been for a number of years a member of the Auburn library board and for a number of years chairman of the board of children's guardians. Socially, he and his wife move in the best circles and are deservedly popular among their acquaintances.

In 1897 Willis Rhoads was married to Clara Morgan, a daughter of VVinfield S. and Elizabeth (McCurdy) Morgan. She was born four miles northeast of Butler, this county, where her parents had been early settlers. Her maternal grandfather, John McCurdy, was one of the pioneer Methodist preachers in this county and was a well-known character and a man of great influence for good. To Mr. and JNIrs. Rhoads have been Ijorn three children, one son and two daughters, namely : Frank Morgan, born October 18, 1898; Margaret Lucile, born October 27, 1902, and Joanna Elizabeth, born July 6, 1910.

John Peter Hope

Clearly defined purpose and consecutive effort in the affairs of life will inevitably result in the attaining of a due measure of success, but in following out the career of one who has attained success by his own efforts there comes into view the intrinsic individuality which made such accomplishments possible, and thus there is granted an objective incentive and inspiration, while at the same time there is enkindled a feeling of respect and admiration. The qualities which have made Mr. Hoff one of the prominent and successful men of Auburn have also brought him the esteem of his fellow townsmen, for his career has been one of well-directed energy, strong determination and honorable methods.

John P. Hoff, who is rendering efficient service as sheriff of DeKalb county, Indiana, is a native of this county, having been born at Auburn on October 2. 1885, and he is the son of Frank A. and Mary J. Hoff, who are mentioned elsewhere in this work. Mr. Hoff was reared in this city and received his education in the public schools, attending the high school up to the senior year. He was then engaged for a time in his father's grocery store, but later became an employe in the Auburn Steam Laundry, of which he acquired a one-third interest when nineteen years old. Shortly after attaining his majority, he became half owner of the business, but about a year later, sold out and going to Rockford, Illinois, went to work for the White Swan Laundry, a large concern, with which he was associated about six months. He then returned to Auburn and was again in his father's store until January, 1909, when he was appointed a deputy under Sheriff Thomas, serving in this capacity for four years. So efficient was his discharge of his official duties that in the fall of 1912 he was elected sheriff of DeKalb county and is the present incumbent of the office. It was believed that at the time he took the office he was the youngest sheriff in Indiana, and the youngest but one in the United States. Physically, Mr. Hoff is well qualified for his position, being a man of large build and determined character and fearless in the discharge of his duties. He is genial in his relations with his associates, a good mixer and popular in all circles in which he moves.

On November 24, 1909, John P. Hoff was married to Lottie Wolford. a daughter of Frank W. and Clara M. (Royer) Wolford. Her father was a native of Williams county, Ohio, and in his young manhood came to Garrett, Indiana, to take employment with the Baltimore & Ohio railway in the yards there, first as switchman and later as conductor. To Mr. and

Politically, Mr. Hoff is a Democrat and, fraternally, is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Columbus. Religiously, he is a member of the Catholic church, while Mrs. Hoff belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church, both being earnest supporters of their respective churches.

In view of the energy, determination and integrity which have characterized Mr. Hoft's life, and of his standing in the comniunitv where he has spent his life, he is eminently entitled to representation in a work of the character of the one at hand.

Charles R. Reed

A career marked by earnest and indefatigable application has been that of this substantial and honored citizen of Waterloo, where he has maintained a residence for many years, during all of which time his life has been an open book, known and read by his fellowmen. He was a valiant soldier of the Civil war, where his fidelit}- was of the type which has characterized his actions in all their relations and gained for him the confidence and esteem of the public and unbounded respect of all with whom he has been brought into contact.

Charles R. Reed, who, after a life of strenuous activity, is now retired and residing in his pleasant home in Waterloo, Indiana, was born in Butler township, DeKalb county, on October 13, 1842, the son of Russell and Marilla (Holbrook) Reed. Russell Reed was born probably in Vermont, and in New York state married Marilla Holbrook, who was born in Massachusetts, the daughter of Lyman Holbrook. Lyman Holbrook brought his family to DeKalb county from Jefferson county, New York, whither they had come from Massachusetts, and in 1834 they settled in the southwestern part of Butler township, DeKalb ct)unty. In 1836 Russell Reed came to DeKalb county and settled on a farm adjoining the Holbrook farm in Butler township, and here he spent his later life with the exception of five years, when he lived in Iowa. His death occurred in 1864 and his wife survived him many years, her death occurring in 1893, both being buried in the Huntertown cemetery.

August, 1862, he enlisted in Company C, Eighty-eighth Regiment, Indiana Vohmteer Infantry, which was assigned to the Army of the Cumberland. Mr. Reed enlisted as a private but was soon promoted to the rank of corporal. On September 20, 1863, he was wounded at the battle of Chickamauga and was confined in the hospital for five months. The day after he was wounded he was captured by the enemy, but ten days later was paroled. In the winter of 1864-5 ^^ was detailed to go to Chattanooga and thence to Charleston, Tennessee, to take charge of a company of men made up from different regiments. He participated in the battles of Perryville, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, and the battles, skirmishes and marches incident to the campaign leading up to Atlanta, and nearly all the other engagements of his regiment until the close of the war, receiving his honorable discharge on June 7, 1865, at Washington, D. C. A brother of his, Oliver Reed, died in the service at Jeiifersonville, Indiana, in 1864. Before the war Mr. Reed had received his education in the district schools and had also attended the seminary at Huntertown, and after the war he attended the free school at Fort Wayne, completing here the education which had been interrupted by the war. He engaged in teaching school with considerable success in Allen, Noble and DeKalb counties, and also taught vocal music for twenty years, both in ordinary classes and in normal classes in Ohio, Illinois and Indiana, and in the public schools of Waterloo, resigning his position in the, latter schools in 1911, although he was requested by the board to continue his labors there. During the same time that he was teaching school Mr. Reed also supervised the operation of his farm, in which he met with good success. He is now retired from active pursuits and is living quietly in his pleasant and attractive home in Waterloo.

In 1868 Mr. Reed was married in Swan township, Noble county, Indiana, to Mary P. Perry, who was born and reared there, a daughter of Oliver and Mary (Francis) Perry. To this union was born one child, Clyde v., who is telegraph operator at Waterloo for the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern railroad, his wife being ticket agent. He married Ella Goodwin, the daughter of Leander Goodwin, and they have one son, Lynn Goodwin Reed. In the year that Mr. Reed moved from Noble county to Waterloo, 1871, his first wife died, she passing away on September 17th, and on March 16, 1876, he married Ella S. Smith, who was born in Franklin township, this county, the daughter of Henry and Mary Jane (Shancholt) Smith. Her father, who was born in Ohio, was a son of Archibald and Mary (Thompson) Smith, the former a native of Teregles. Scotland, born on December 27, 1788, the latter born in Cumberland county, England, on October 29, 1794. These parents were married in Liverpool, England, on October 11, 18 18, and immediately started for America, being ten weeks on the ocean. They lived in New York a short time, then moved to Stark and Medina counties, Ohio, where they followed farming pursuits until 1841, when they came to DeKalb county, Indiana, locating near Hamilton in Franklin township, where Archibald Smith bought five hundred acres of land. Here his death occurred in 1861 and his wife died in 1876. Their son, Henry, married Mary Jane Shaneholt, in Stark county, Ohio, and came here in 1841. His wife died when their daughter, Ella S., was a child only three months old, and H^enry Smith's sister, Margaret, became the foster mother to the little one and reared her to womanhood. After Ella was grown to maturity and married to Mr. Reed she always thought of Aunt Margaret as a child would ni a mother. Ivliss Margaret Smith lived with her parents until after their death, and then she and her brother, Archibald, li\-ed in Waterloo for some }'ears. In 1888 she became the wife of Jacob I. Frazer, who died in 1898, and now she resides in Waterloo. She was born near Massillon, Stark county, Ohio, on September 24, 1831, and is now eighty-two years old. Mr. Reed now makes his home with her. Her life has been one of cjuiet self-sacrifice, performing many kind deeds for others, many of whom remember her with gratitude. Her training, example and instruction so impressed itself on Mrs. Reed that the latter became a devoted wife and mother, rearing her children to honored and respected womanhood. To Mr. and Mrs. Reed were born tlie following children: Daisy A., the wife of F^dmund Brown, of Ih'bana, Ohio; Mary Blanch is the wife of Frank Spiker, of Massillon, Ohio, and they have one son, Harold R. ; Mabel Margaret is the wife of Lawrence Eugene Pontius, a photographer at Columbia City, Indiana. The motlier of these children died on January 19, 1894. She was a devoted and faithful member of the Presl)yterian church and was beloved by all who knew her.

Charles R. Reed has led an active and strenuous life in some respects and has at all times enjoyed the absolute confidence of all who knew him. Aside from the interests already mentioned he was at one time a partner in a flour and feed exchange and also served as I'nited States Express Comjiany's agent at Waterloo. He was twice elected justice of the peace, serving eight years altogether and the discharge of his duties was characterized by a sense of justice and discrimination that earned the commendation of all familiar (29) with the proceeding? of his court. He is a member of the Presbyterian church, in which he is an elder, and also a devoted member of the Grand Army of the Republic, which he served as commander three full terms, filled out another term by appointment and is now commander of the post. His integrity of principle and purity of motive are unquestioned and being a man of splendid disposition he is consequently popular in all the circles in which he moves, and is eminently deserving of representation among the enterprising and progressive citizens of his community.

George W. Newcomer

Among the successful citizens of DeKalb county must be numbered him whose name appears at the head of this sketch. After a period of years, during which he indefatigably labored along agricultural lines, he was prospered to a gratifying degree and is now enabled to enjoy, that rest which he so richly earned. He is a man of stanch and reliable make-up and has won and retains the highest regard of those who know him.

George W. Newcomer, one of the well known and popular citizens of Waterloo, was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, on the 15th day of April. 1845, ^nd is a son of Christian and Mary (Wolfe) Newcomer. Christian Newcomer, who was born in Pennsylvania, came to Columbiana county, Ohio, among its very early settlers. In 1847 the subject's parents moved to DeKalb county, Indiana, settling on section 29, Franklin township, where the father entered eighty acres of government land at the regulation price of one dollar and a quarter an acre. At the time of their settlement not a stick of timber had been cut on the land and it was necessary to clear a spot before a cabin could be erected. A tree located on the site of the cabin was utilized for shingles, the stump of the same being converted into a table for familv use. There thev established their permanent home and reared their children, the father devoting his energies to the clearing of the land and the cultivation of the soil. Christian and Mary Newcomer were the parents of eleven children, of whom one died in infancy, ten grew to maturity, and five are still living. Of those who reached adult years the following mention may be made: Mrs. Nancy King lived in Waterloo until her death; Andrew died at the age of about twenty years ; Peggy died in young womanhood, as did Kate; Barbara, who was the wife of Gabriel IMiller, lived in different places in DeKalb county and is now deceased: Mrs. Mary Camp lives at

Fairfield Center; Maria is the widow of Daniel Gingerich, and lives at Butler, this county; Joseph lives in Waterloo: Cleorge \V. and Christian also live in Waterloo.

George W. Newcomer had but little opportunity for receiving a school education in his youth, but he did learn the practical duties of the farm and also imbibed those habits of industry and perseverance which were such important contributing elements to his subsequent success. He remained at home until his marriage in 1872, when he and his wife moved on to a tract of land which he owned. This land represented years of the most rigid economy and strenuous effort on his part. He first secured five acres in Franklin township from his earnings and from the profits derived from this land he bought ten acres more and then repeating the process he finally bought ten acres at a time until he eventually owned forty-five acres of land. He later bought five acres more from his father from which to get timber to build a barn. He worked many days for twenty-five cents a day and saved money. The young couple started on their matrimonial career with very little in the way of home comforts and no luxuries, but by pluck, energy and good management they prospered until eventually Mr. Newcomer became the owner of two hundred and forty acres of land. This tract is now divided into three parcels of eighty acres each, on each of which is one of his sons. He is selling the land to these sons and one has already paid for his tract. In April, 1901, Mr. Newcomer bought a comfortable and attractive home on the south edge of Uniontown on an eminence overlooking the valley of Cedar Creek across from Waterloo and there he now resides.

On April 4, 1872, Mr. Newcomer married Barbara \'an Horn, who was born in Noble county, Indiana, the daughter of John and Annie (Rosenberger) Van Horn. Mr. and Mrs. Van Horn came from Chambersburg, Columbiana county, Ohio, to DeKalb county in the fall of 1853, driving through with teams to Noble county, this state. There they entered one hundred and sixty acres of land, none of which had been cleared, and erected a cabin, constructing the doors, bedsteads and utensils in the ])rimitive manner customary in those days, the cooking being done by the fireplace and the illumination of the cabin being provided by the old-fashioned grease lamp. Mrs. Newcomer's mother died about 1885 in Rice county. Kansas, and her father died about eleven months later at Aetna, Newaygo county, Michigan. In Ohio John Van Horn had been employed in the coal mines at Chambersburg, but after coming to Indiana he devoted liis entire attention to farming. He and his wife belonged to the Methodist church.

In Ohio he had been a member of tlie Free and Accepted Masons and was a member of the Grand Army of the Repubhc, the membership being consistent from the fact that he was a soldier in the war of the RebelHon. Mr. and Mrs. Van Horn's respective mothers bore the maiden names of Ehzabeth Hanselman and EHzabeth Hunsaker. Mrs. Newcomer was reared in Noble county, Indiana, until fourteen years of age, when she came to DeKalb county and lived with her uncle, (ieorge Van Horn, about three miles east of Waterloo, in Wilmington township, until her marriage. To Mr. and Mrs. Newcomer have been born six children, namely: Charles E., born May 12, 1873, married Eflfie Mann, of Franklin township, the daughter of Jehu and Elizabeth Mann. To them ha\e l^een born five children, Marion, Harold, Howard, Grace and Gladys. Charles E. Newcomer has bought eighty acres of land from his father; Lona L. is at home with her parents; Mary M. first married Ed. McKague, by whom one child was born, Blanche Irene. After Mr. McKague's death she became the wife of John W. Brown, and they now live in Franklin township, this county; Arna O., 1x)rn February 7, 1879, married Ora Hodges, and lives on eighty acres of his father's farm, half of which he has paid for. He is the father of two daughters, Gertrude and Mildred. Ora Hodges was the daughter of James and Lois (Holcomb) Hodges; Elmer G. Newcomer, born October 22. 1882, married Junia Schultz, of Franklin township, the daughter of Allen and Amanda (Mann) Schultz, and to Mr. and Mrs. Newcomer have been born three children, Esther, Arthur and Ralph. Elmer G. Newcomer is operating eighty acres of his father's farm with the view of purchasing the same; William L, Newcomer, born Mav 29, 1893, who married Mae Krum, daughter of Eugene and Delia (Shultz) Krum, of Ashley, DeKalb county, on December 18, 1913, is assisting his brothers on the farm; \'irgil and WriKm, twins, born July 29, 1885, are both deceased, one dying at birth, anil the dther at the age of five months.

Fraternally, Mr. Newcomer is a memjjer of the F'ree and Accejited Masons, and he and his wife and daughter, Lona, are members of the Order of the Eastern Star. A well balanced mind, sound and practical intelligence and mature judgment are among Mr Newcomer's prominent characteristics, to which may also be added a geniality and amiability of disposition which has won for him a large and loyal following among his acquaintances. Though now retired from active business pursuits, he still retains an intelligent interest in the welfare of the community and unreservedly gives his support to every movement for the educational, moral or material advancement of his fellow citizens.

Harvey T. Judson

Concentration of purpose and persistently applied energy rarely fail of success in the accomplishment of any task and when we examine the life record of Harvey T. Jndson in order to find how he has won his position among the substantial residents of DeKalb county, we find that these have been strong elements in his business career.

Mr. Judson was born at Butler, DeKalb county, Indiana, on Octuber 20, 1882, and is a son of Charles and Lillie Belle (Holcomb) Judson. The Judson family has a long and honorable lineage, being traced back to the Judson who came to this country on the historic "Mayflower" in 1620, and back of him through many centuries in England. The subject's father, Charles Judson, came toDeKalla county in 1878 from Bethel, Connecticut, locating at Butler, where he was employed as an engineer on the Wabash railroad. His wife, Lillie Belle Holcomb, was a native of Danbury, Connecticut. To Mr. and Mrs. Judson were born two sons, Harvey T., the immediate subject of this sketch, and George B., who was born on June 2, 1886, and who is now manager of the Highland Park State Bank at Detroit. Michigan. The family li\'cd at Butler until about 1887, when the}' moved to Chicago, and from there to Detroit in 1890, and finally to /\sbley, DeKalb county, Indiana, in 1893.

Harvey T. Jud.'ion received his education in the common schools, and for two vears attended the high school at .\shley. When seventeen years of age he went to Fort Wayne, Indiana, where he became a machinist's apprentice in the shops of the Wabash railroad. Here he learned his trade thoroughly and for a few months was employed at it, but in 1902 he became a traveling salesman for the Walter M. Lowney Chocolate Company, his territorv covering Indiana, Ohio and Michigan. In this line he was eminently successful so that in January, 1909, he became manager of the Minneapolis branch for the Lowney people. In the meantime Mr. Judson had been on the watch for an available opportunity to engage in business for himself, and in May, 1910, he came to Auburn and established himself here. He has a splendid store well fitted up and stocked with a well selected line of goods, and having a thorough knowledge of the business he has been able to cater to the wants of the public in a way that has attracted to him a large patronage. He is eminently public-spirited in his attitude toward local affairs and is an active member of the Auburn Commercial Club. Though not long a resident of Auburn, he has already earned and commands the unreserved con-

Politically, Mr. Judson gives his support to the Democratic party, though too busy a man to take a very active part in political affairs. Socially he and his wife move in the best circles of the city and are deservedly popular among their friends and acquaintances.

On January i6, 1904, Mr. Judson married Mabel Camp, daughter of Aaron VV. and Amanda Ellen (Husselman) Camp, who was born September 10, 1884, in Smithfield township, a sketch of whose parents appears elsewhere in this work. Mrs. Judson was reared in Smithfield township and received a good education, being a graduate of the Ashley high school. She is a lady of charming personality and is the center of the social circle in which she moves. Personally, Mr. Judson, by his straightforward life, correct business methods and strict integrity, has earned the commendation of his fellows and is rightfully numbered among the representative men of his community.

Leander S. Goodwin

The most elaborate history is necessarily an abridgment, the historian being compelled to select his facts and materials from a multitude of details. So in every life of honor and usefulness the biographer finds no dearth of incident, and yet in summing up the career of any man the writer needs touch only the most salient points, giving one the keynote of his character, but eliminating much that is superfluous. Consequently in calling the reader's attention to the life record of the late Leander S. Goodwin no attempt shall be made to recount all the important acts in his useful life, nor recite every interesting incident in his somewhat remarkable career, for it is deemed that only a few of them will suffice to show him to be entirely worthy of a place in this volume along with liis fellows of higli standing and recognized worth, men whose names have figured pr<'niineiith- in the affairs of DeKalb county in the generations that are passed.

Leander S. Goodwin was born on August 23, 1846, in Ashland county, Ohio, and was a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Good) Goodwin. Samuel Goodwin, who was born in Center county, Pennsylvania, on October 16, 181 5, was the second son in a family of seven children, born to David and Catherine (Zimmerman) Goodwin, also natives of the Keystone state. In 1822 David and Catherine Goodwin moved to Wayne county, Ohio, and later to Ashland county, this state, where Samuel grew to manhood. In 1843 lie was married to Elizabeth Good, and settled in Ashland county, where they lived until 1844, when they moved to DeKalb county, Indiana, settling on a farm in Union township, where they made their permanent home. At that time their farm was densely covered with timber and the task of clearing the land and putting it in shape for cultivation was one of large proportions, but, not discouraged by the outlook, Mr. Goodwin, by strenuous and persistent labor, cleared the land and in the course of time had one of the best farms in this locality, the improvement consisting of a large, comfortable residence and other substantial farm buildings. He accumulated a valuable property and was able to spend his later years in comparative ease. His wife died in 1865, leaving five children: Mrs. Mary E. Keck, Leander S., Joseph W., Mrs. Lucy George and Mrs. Alice Atwood Cummings. Leander S. Goodwin was reared to manhood on the farm in Union township, and in the fall of 1867 he married Rebecca Hively, who was reared a short distance west of Waterloo, being a daughter of David and Leah (Dayhuff) Hively, who came from Pennsylvania and probably lived in Columbiana county, Ohio, until their removal to DeKalb county. They located about one and one-half miles west of Waterloo some time before the Civil war and became known as substantial and progressive citizens of the community. After Leander Goodwin was married he followed farming a number of years, then engaged in the meat business in Waterloo, though also handling agricultural implements. In all the enterprises to which he addressed himself he met with gratifying success and was for a number of years counted a representative citizen of his community because of the active part he took in its progress and improvement and the substantial qualities of character which he possessed. Politically, he was active in the support of the Republican party and at one time served as doorkeeper of the House of Representatives at Indianapolis. To his union with Rebecca Hively were born the following children: Etta, the wife of Daniel Blicker. of Waterloo; Ella, wife of Clyde V. Reed, of Waterloo; Alvin, of Plea.sant Lake, and Samuel, of Waterloo. The mother of these children died in 1884, and in 1890 Mr. Goodwin married Jennie Lawhead, to whom were born three children, Martha. Jay and Willie. Mr. Goodwin died in 1898, and his death was considered a distinct loss to the community. Religiously, he was a member of the LTnited Brethren church until the division in that society. He was a man of sterling qualities of character and impressed his personality on the community to a marked degree. His widow and her three children now live on the old home place at the western edge of the town of Waterloo. Mr. Goodwin's life was replete with duty well and conscientiously performed in all relations. He was not a man to shrink from duty, however irksome or dangerous, and possessed the traits that win in life's affairs. He is eminently deserving of representation in a work of this character.

Hugh R. Culbertson

The gentleman, to a review of whose life the reader's attention is herewith directed is recognized as one of the energetic, well known business men of .Auburn, who by his enterprise and progressive methods has contributed in a material way to the commercial advancement of the city, besides filling worthily the responsible position of mayor of the city. In the course of an honorable career he has been successful in the lines to which his efforts have been directed and enjoys distinctixe prestige among the representative men of his city and county.

Hugh R. Culbertson was born on his father's farm in Concord township, DeKalb count}-, Indiana, on April 9, 1853, and is a son of Robert and Margaret (Robinson) Culbertson. Robert Culbertson was a native of the state of Ohio, but was numbered among the pioneers of DeKalb county, owning a good farm in Concord township. After the death of his first wife, the subject's mother, he married Mrs. Sidney Brown, widow of Samuel Brown. He remained on the farm until advancing years compelled him to relinquish active labor, and he went to live with a daughter, Mrs. Welch, in Jackson township, where his death occurred. His widow was stricken with paralysis in her old age and was thereafter cared for by her son, Herman L. Brown, until her death, which occurred in 1910. Hugh R. Culbertson is one of seven children born to his parents, two of whom died in infancy. Zephaniah was a soldier in the Civil war and was killed at the battle of Shiloh ; Mary Jane, who is deceased, was the wife of John Owens, of Jackson township, this county; James, who died in the later eighties, was a veteran of the Civil war, and afterwards lived in Auburn, where he owned a good brick residence at the corner of Main and Tenth streets; Emily became the wife of Daniel W^elch and they lived in Jackson township, this county, until Mr. Welch's health failed, when they moved to .Auburn, where he died. She later married Charles Jenkins, ex-county clerk and successful grocer at Au' burn.

Hugh R. Culbertson spent his boyhood and young manhood on the home farm in Concord township, receiving his education in the district schools of that neighborhood. After his marriage, in 1875, ^^^ engaged in farming on his own account and was so engaged until 1881, when he went to Columbia City, this state, and was employed in the implement and buggy business. In August of the same year he came to Auburn and bought an interest in a hardware store in partnership with D. D. Snyder, and handled a regular line of hardware as well as farm machinery. In the fall of 1884 the hardware stock was .sold to W. H. Kibblinger, Messrs. Culbertson and Snyder continuing the implement business together until Mr. Snyder sold his interest in the business to W. B. Brown. Culbertson & Brown continued together until 1891, when they added a hardware department and took in M. Boland as a partner. A few years later Culbertson and Boland bought Brown's interest and ran the business until September 4, 1904, when the Culbertson Hardware Company was incorporated, with Hugh R. Culbertson as the principal stockholder, the remaining stock being held by R. D. \\^elch and F. E. Dragoo. In 1908 Mr. Welch sold his stock to Mr. Dragoo. The company has a paid-up capital stock of seven thousand dollars, and carries a large and complete line of all kinds of shelf and heavy hardware, as well as agricultural implements and farm machinery. The retail store is located on the north side of the public square and a large wareroom is maintained at the corner of Seventh and East streets. In 1891 Mr. Culbertson erected a large and attractive home at the corner of Second and Main streets, which is considered one of the handsomest homes in Auburn. Tiie splendid success which attended Mr. Culbertson's business efforts came as the result only of the most persistent energy and indefatigable efforts, and all that he has today has been honestly earned. His business record here has been characterized by the strictest integritv of word and deed and no man enjoys to a greater extent the confidence and good will of the people.

A Republican in his political affiliations, Mr. Culbertson has for many \ears been an ardent supporter and acti\e worker in the ranks of the organization. He has a number of times served as a delegate to state conventions and was an alternate delegate to the national convention which nominated William Howard Taft for the Presidency. In the fall of 1909 he was elected mayor of Auburn after a most spirited contest. The regular election resulted in a tie vote between the two leading candidates for the mayoralty, despite the fact that the city is normally Democratic by one hundred votes. A special election was then called and Mr. Culbertson was then elected by a majority of twenty-two votes. His term will expire on January i, 1914. 1-raternally, Mr. Culbertson is a mem.ber of the Independent Order of Odd FcIt lows and the Knights of Pythias. Mrs. Culbertson is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

In 1875 Hugh R. Culbertson was married to Harriett, the adopted daughter of James Dragoo. Mr. Dragoo was a pioneer settler of this county, having come from Hayesville, Ohio, in 1837 and entered government land in Jackson and Concord townships. He became a successful farmer and business man, shipping large numbers of live stock to Eastern markets, and he took a prominent part in the ci\ic life of the community. He was the father of two children and also adopted three girls, whom he reared with the same care and attention as if they had been of his own flesh and blood. Mrs. Culbertson was born in the southeastern part of DeKalb county. Her father died when she was a little girl and she was reared in the Dragoo home. Mr. and Mrs. Culbertson have a daughter, Nellie, born on March 10, 1896.

James Chapman

Of those who have seen the wonderful development of northeastern Indiana from the swamps and primeval forests and who have played well their parts in the great undertaking, none deserve special mention in a historical work better than James Chapman, whose conversation is at once instructive and interesting as he recalls the pioneer days, the times when there were only log school houses, with puncheon floors and greased paper for window panes, the long miles of endless woods, large numbers of deer and other wild animals which haunted the forests at that remote period, and of the days when civilization first attempted to reclaim these lands, turning them into fine farms, where plenty and happiness now^ abound.

Mr. Chapman was born on March 23, 1827, in Stark county, Ohio, and is a son of John and Eunice (Boyle) Chapman. John Chapman was born probably near Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, and Eunice Boyle, who also was a native of the Keystone state, was of Irish parentage. She and John Chapman were married in their native state and subsequently moved to Stark county. Ohio, locating near Massillon. When James Chapman was about seven years old they moved to that part of Richland county which afterwards became Ashland county, Ohio, where the parents lived for many years and reared their family. In October, 1852. they moved to Allen county, Indiana, locating three miles southeast of Huntertovvn, where the parents spent the rest of their lives, and where John Chapman successfully followed farming pursuits. James Chapman lived on the home farm until eighteen years of age and then gave his attention to carpenter work in which he became an expert and in which he was successful. His father not only conducted the home farm but gave considerable attention to veterinary work and was very successful in the treatment of dumb animals, especially horses. In addition to carpenter work James Chapman engaged in the buying and selling of all kinds of live stock and also handled grain, wool and other commodities in large amounts. An idea of the extent of his operations may be gained from the statement that in one year Jie bought and sold over one hundred and twenty thousand pounds of wool, and in one year sheared twentyfive hundred sheep which he had bought, shipping the wool to New York and Philadelphia. In 1884 Mr. Chapman came to Waterloo and bought a farm in the northeast quarter of the southeastern section of Smithfield township, and here he carried on farming and made his home for about twenty years, at the same time dealing in livestock. About 1903 Mr. Chapman moved into the town of Waterloo, where he has since resided, and about 1909, at the age of eighty-two years, he retired from active business and has since been living quietly in his beautiful and attractive home here. Politically Mr. Chapman was in early life a Democrat, but after the organization of the Republican party, or rather the first Lincoln campaign, he has been allied with the latter party and has been ardent in its support. His life has been a busy one and he has been closely identified in many ways with important business interests, having carried on many and diverse lines of business at the same time. He was an honest and energetic man and at all times commanded the respect of all with whom he had dealings. His last active work was to superintend the erection of the very pleasant and modern house in which he now resides, the place being provided with all up-to-date conveniences, and being a pleasant and comfortable home. Mr. Chapman is now the oldest man living in Waterloo and until he suffered from an attack of la grippe three vears ago, he was remarkably active for his age, and even now at the age of eighty-six years his eyesight and hearing are only slightly impaired and his memory very good.

On October 28, 1852, Mr. Chapman married Nancy Johnson, whose father, Robert Johnson, came from county Cork, Ireland, being of Scotch- Irish descent. Nancv Johnson was born and reared in Richland, afterward Ashland, countv, Ohio, where she lived until her marriage and for a short time afterward. To Mr. and Mrs. Chapman were born live children: Eunice Josephine, the wife of Robert Underwood, a veteran of the Civil war, and she now lives at Denver, Colorado; she has a daughter, Mrs. W. J. Railey, of Denver, who has one son, Robert Martin Railey ; Laura, who remains unmarried, lives with her father in Waterloo and has charge of the home and assists her father in the management of his affairs; Emma Elizabeth is the wife of Marshall Lewis and lives in Franklin township, five miles from Waterloo; she is the mother of two children, Fred and Iva, the latter being the wife of Milton Wiler and the mother of three children, Esther, Alfred and Bert Lewis ; George Wilbur died at the age of nineteen vears and Robert died in infancy. Mrs. Chapman died in October, 1904, just twentyfour days prior to the fifty-second anniversary of their marriage. She was a woman of many gracious qualities of head and heart and was beloved by the entire community in which she had spent so many active and happy years. Mr. Chapman is widely known for his kindly qualities and hospitality, no worthy person ever having left his door unfed and his high standing among the people of this locality shows how well his life has been spent, for he is appreciated for his fine personal qualities and for the active part he has taken in the upbuilding and development of the various communities in which he has lived.

Tames Craig Day

Among the strong and influential citizens of DeKalb county the record of whose lives have become an essential part of the history of this section, the gentleman whose name forms the caption of this biographical record occupies a prominent place and for years has exerted a beneficial influence here. His chief characteristics seem to be keenness of perception, a tireless energy, honesty of purpose and motive and every-day common sense, which have enabled him not only to advance his interests, but also to largely contribute to the moral and material advancement of the community.