Henry County, Indiana - Biographical sketches, 1884 (part 2 of 3)

Levi Allen Jennings^ an enterprising and successful business man of Hew Castle, Henry County, was born on the 6th of May, 1834, in Wayne County, Ohio. He is the son of Obadiah and Mary Jennings. His father was descended from the Jenningses of England, where many of the same name and relationship have attained positions of trust and great personal influence. His mother was of German extraction, coming from that patient and industrious stock that has produced so much of the wealth and stalwart character of the great State of Pennsylvania, of which State both Mr. Jennings's father and mother were natives, and where they continued to reside until their marriage. When Ohio and Indiana were still new, and spoken of by people beyond the Alleghanies as "the West," Mr. Jennings's parents crossed the mountains in a wagon drawn by a single horse, and settled in Ohio. There they engaged in farming, or, more properly speaking, in opening and improving a farm, and farming. In these occupations the subject of this sketch spent his boyhood, only alternating the labors of the farm with such brief terms of neighborhood schools as offered chances for gaining a little rudimentary learning, until he was eighteen years of age. During these years of his minority, however, his brain was not idle, and the hard toil of his willing hands by no means exhausted his energies or extinguished his ambition. Herved by the desire for knowledge and the purpose to be and do something worth living for, he made the best use of such limited facilities as were afforded for storing his mind with useful information. Thus, like many another ambitious boy who has risen to eminence, he often carried his books with him to the field, and memorized rules and definitions as he walked behind the plow. In this way he added to the little gained in the short winter terms of neighborhood schools, until by the time he had reached the proper age to support himself at school he had acquired a fair knowledge of the primary branches of learning. He then, with the consent of his parents, entered the college at Hayesville, Ohio, remaining there through two collegiate terms, and going thence to the high school at Ashland, Ohio, where he continued for two and a half years, mastering much of the mathematical and scientific courses, and giving considerable study to English language and literature, and also to Latin and Greek, which he began to read and translate with readiness and ease. At the end of this time, however, it became necessary for him to pause in his studies and engage in teaching for a while to secure the means to enable him to finish his collegiate course. Here was a break in the chain that was never welded again, and which caused his life-work to be directed into the channel for which nature had most amply fitted and qualified him and where his restless and determined energy, which had enabled him under adverse circumstances and with little to incite his aspirations, to store his mind with useful knowledge and lay the foundations of future successes, might find full play and produce adequate results. For, during the progress of his first winter's term of school, he was ofiered a position as principal deputy in the clerk's oflSce of the Common Pleas and District Courts of Ashland County, Ohio, by his uncle, a prominent banker of Ashland, the county seat, who had just been elected to that office. Accepting the offer, he filled the place with fidelity for three years. At the close of his time in the clerk's office he embarked in the boot and shoe trade with a man who, much to Mr. Jennings's surprise and loss, proved to be a bankrupt. Seeing his excellent qualities as a business man, the Ball Reaper & Mower Company soon after this engaged him as their agent, in which capacity he labored for three seasons. In 1867 Mr. Jennings left Ohio and removed to Indiana, and settled in Hew Castle, where he has since remained; and in that same year began business there in conjunction with his father, and, soon after, with his brother. The next year he opened a planing-mill, lumber-yard, and sash and door factory, which business he has followed ever since, with singular activity, and at the same time care and scrupulous attention to all the details and minutiae of the trade. For several years past he has been extensively engaged in the manufacture of furniture, turning out all grades of work, from cheap to very fine and costly, and his lumber trade has assumed large proportions. In 1877 he erected a fine brick business house, 132 feet deep and four stories in height - including the basement - in which he carries on a large and constantly increasing business in furniture, carpets, hardware, and house -furnishing goods. His sales, altogether, amount to about $150,000 per year. In the spring of 1883 Mr. Jennings erected a large and elegant brick furniture factory, main building 40 x 100 feet,five stories high, and fire-proof engine-house, 20 X 35 feet, and dry-house, 18 x 21 feet. This manufactory, the largest in Henry County, is provided with the latest and best of machinery, driven by an engine of 100 horse-power. The building and dry-house are heated throughout by steam and in all its features is admirably and conveniently planned - admitted by experts to be one of the best in the State. Hot only has Mr. Jennings greatly promoted the industrial growth of Hew Castle, but he has also added to its architectural excellence by erecting the best buildings in the town. Mr. Jennings lives in a beautiful home, his house being a handsome frame upon the summit of a gentle elevation that overlooks the little city. His grounds are tastefully laid out, planted in forest trees, ornamented with shrubs and fiowers, 'while two beautiful pools of water, fed by a strong spring, add their attractions to the cool and pleasant surroundings. He was married on the 2d of December, 1858, to Miss Martha W. C^n, a lady of excellent family, good mind, and fine musical abilit3^ She is a woman of pleasant manners and fine personal appearance. The result of their union has been three children, two of whom survive - a son, Winslow De Yere, and a daughter, Helen Ettie. The son, like the father, displays a fondness for business, and exhibits much the same energy that has led to his father's successes; while the daughter is a highly accomplished lady and a musician of much excellence and promise. Mr. Jennings is an outspoken, square, prompt business man, who has made his way by indomitable energy and pluck. He takes a deep interest in the progress of his adopted town, and has done much to advance its material interests. In politics he is well informed and possessed of decided opinions, which he does not seek to conceal. He is a Hepublican. While not loud or pretentious, he is deeply interested in the spread of religion and morality, and has been an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church since 1871. Mr. Jennings's character stands ver}' high. He is a man of sterling integrity and is widely known and respected. In addition to the above, it is but justice to add that the successful construction of the Hew Castle & Hush- ville Railroad, of which Mr. Jennings is a Director, and was for one year President, was largely due to his efforts in securing the necessary aid from the people of the various townships along the line, and to his zeal and energy in pushing the enterprise forward. This fact is so well understood by railroad men that upon the recent organization of the Evansville, Knightstown, & Toledo Railroad Company he was unanimously elected to the presidency of that road, which is confidently expected to be one of the best and most successful of the great north and south lines. These facts establish Mr. Jennings's reputation for energy and business capacity better than any fulsome phrases of adulation could possibly do. They mark him as the peer of any man in his section of the country, and fully justify the high estimate placed upon him by the business community in which he lives.

Joshiia G. Jones, a prominent farmer of Henry Township, was born in Liberty Township, this county, July 8, 1831, a son of Ja^b and Melinda (Chappell) Jones, natives of Horth Carolina, his father born in 1793 and his mother in 1802. They came to Henry County in 1830 and lived in Liberty Township a year; then moved to Blue River Township where they remained until 1881 when they sold their farm and are now living with their youngest daughter in Delaware County, Ind. Of a family of seven children all are living save one son, James, who died at the age of forty-eight years. Joshua C. was married when twenty-five years of age to Mary A., daughter of John and Abigail Collingsworth. Resettled on rented land but afterward bought land on Flat Rock, which he soon sold. In the spring of 1865 he bought the farm where he now resides, containing 160 acres of good land. Mr. and Mrs. Jones have eight children - John, Amanda (wife of S. J. Pressel), Charles M., Frank R., Rosetta, Emma, James H. and Clement C. Mr. Jones is a member of the New Castle Lodge, No. 91, F. A. M., and Chapter No. 50, R. A. M. He and his wife are members of the Christian church.

Ed, Kahn. - One of the leading and most prominent business houses of New Castle is the dry-goods house of Ed. Kahn. It is the largest house of the kind in Henry County, and commands a large trade, not only in this county, but in the adjoining counties of Wayne, Delaware, Madison, Randolph and Hancock. The salesrooms are 20 x 132 feet, running from street to street, making one of the largest and ffandsomest in the city. He carries a first-class stock of dry-goods and notions and is able to compete with any house in the State. He studies the wishes of his customers and endeavors to fully supply their wants. Mr. Kahn is an experienced merchant, having spent the greater part of his life in this line of business. His house is one of the most reliable commercial institutions of this city and is well deserving the success attained. Mr. Kahn is a native of Lorraine, France, now Germany, and was born in 1848. He spent a part of his youth in his native country and came to the (Jnited States a poor boy. In 1868 he came to Hew Castle, Ind. He was for a time in partnership with David Kahn, now of Indianapolis, but since 1879 has been carrying on business alone. In 1878 he was married to Sallie Heller, a most estimable lady, a daughter of Moses Heller, Esq., of Knightstown. Mr. Kahn began life in meager circumstances and has been the architect of his own fortune. By energy, pluck and close application to business he has won for himself an enviable reputation for honesty and square dealing and is a citizen of whom the people of Hew Castle may well be proud.

'Williams. Kaufman.^ architect and builder, Hew Castle, Ind., was born in Union County, Ind., Dec. 29, 1848, a son of Elias and Mary (Bhodes) Kaufman, natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Indiana in an early day and settled in Union County. His mother is now a resident of Wayne County. He attended the academy schools of Brownsville, and when a young man began to learn the carpenter and stair-builder's trade in Cambridge City. He subsequently went to Indianapolis and studied architectural drafting, and finished his trade. He then located in Indianapolis, and remained there until 1876, when he moved to Hew Castle and opened a shop. He is a complete master of his trades, as many buildings in this and adjoining counties will prove. He superintended the building of the new insane asylum at Kichmond, Ind. He was married in 1875 to Eva, daughter of James C. Peed, of Henry County. They have four children, a son and three daughters. Mr. Kaufman is a member of the Knights of Honor.

David W. Kinsey. Cashier of the Citizens' State Bank of Hew Castle, Ind. This gentleman represents one of the oldest as well as influential families of this section of Indiana. He is the youngest son of Lewis and Catharine Kinsey. His father and grandfather moved to Wayne County, Ind., when the former was a lad of twelve years of age, continuing to live in said county until he was twenty years of age, when he married Catharine Sluiltz, who was a native of Pennsylvania, and immediately thereafter settled in

Henry County on a small farm situated one-half mile north of where the town of Millville now stands, where on the 1st day of February, 1846, David, the subject of this sketch, was born. The family lived here until the spring of 1847, at which time they moved and located on a farm about six miles east of Hew Castle, in Liberty Township, where the father and mother and such children as remained at home continued to live and carried on farming operations until the year 1872 when they again moved, locating on a farm three miles northwest of Hagerstown, in Wayne County, where they now reside. They are members of the German Baptist church and for many years the father has been a minister in the church. His family consisted of five children - Martin, Anna, Sarah J., Catharine (who died when about six years of age) ,and David, our subject, who spent his youth upon his father's farm, attending the common schools during the winter season until the year 1864. He enlisted as a private in Company G, One Hundred and Thirtyninth Indiana Infantry, serving in this capacity for about six months and until the discharge of his regiment. After his return home he attended the Hew Castle schools, teaching school during the winter months, and was a law student part of two years; was admitted to the practice of the law in 1869, but soon after entered the office of the county clerk and clerk of the Circuit Court as principal deputy, acting in this capacity until the death of the Clerk, H. H. Hiatt. Mr. Kinsey was then appointed by the Board of County Commissioners, Clerk, to succeed Mr. Hiatt? continuing to act in such capacity until the next general election. He remained also with his successor in office one year. July 1, 1873, at the organization of the Citizens' State Bank, Mr. Kinsey was chosen Assistant Cashier, filling this position one year, at the end of which time he was made its Cashier, which position he still holds. He is also a Director in this bank, having served in this capacity for several years. Mr. Kinsey has served as a member of the Board of School Trustees of his town since 1880 having been elected to such position in 1879. In 1870 he was married to Sophia J. Slfirk, a most excellent lady, and the daughter of Benjamin Shirk, ex-State Senator. They have one daughter, Edna, now ten years of age. He with his wife are members of the Evangelical Lutheran church.

William Kissel^ M. is a native of Lancaster County, Pa., born in May, 1822. He received his primary education in his native county and his higher in Franklin. He began the study of medicine in Bradford County with Dr. John Gettey, an eminent physician of Martinsbnrg, Pa. He took his first course of lectures at the University of Philadelphia, and graduated from Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio. He began the practice of his profession in St. Thomas, remaining there three years. Then went to Bradford County, and in November, 1852, came to Hew Castle, Ind. In 1866 he went to Pennsylvania and remained a year. He then returned to Hew Castle, but shortly after went to Cambridge City and remained till 1877, when he came again to Hew Castle. The Doctor has a good practice and has been successful both professionally and financially. Dr. Kissel has been twice married. His first wife (who was Sophia Bugert) died in 1854, leaving two children, a son, now of Muncie, and Susan E., wife of T. T. Bearer. His present wife was Barbara Young, a native of Pennsylvania. They have one child - Anna A.

Asahel W. Lermoyrd. attorney at law. Hew Castle, Ind., is a native of Henry County, born in 1859, a son of Colonel George W. Lennard. He was educated in the public schools of Hew Castle, and then entered Antioch College, at Yellow Springs, Ohio, remaining there four years. Beturning to Hew Castle he began reading law in the office of Judge J. H. Mellett, and afterward spent a year in the Central Law School of Indiana. He was admitted to the bar in 1880, and the following year was elected Treasurer of Hew Castle, and re-elected in 1883 without opposition, still holding the position.

William C. 'Livezey is a native of Henry County, Ind., born Hov. 16, 1840, the eldest son of Anthony and Permelia (Eoberts) Livezey, his father a native of Pennsylvania and his mother of Ohio. His parents came to Henry County in 1838 and settled two miles north of Hew Castle; subsequently moved to Prairie Township, where the mother died in 1854, and where his father still lives. They had a family of three sons and three daughters, all living. William C. received a common-school education. He has always followed agricultural pursuits and now owns a fine farm of 144 acres, with good residence and farm buildings, where he has lived since 1870. He was married in 1862 to Haney, daughter of Eli- -jah and Sallie Stout. They have six children - Leander, Arthur, James, Oscar, Albert and Laura.

James Loer is a native of Hamilton County, Ohio, born May 29, 1816, a son of Thomas and Sarah Loer, his father a native of Pennsylvania and his mother of Kentucky. He was married in 1837 to

Henry County, Ind., in 1830. In 1838 he came to this county and settled in the woods two miles east of Hew Castle, where he cleared and improved a farm, remaining there twenty years. In 1858 he sold his farm and bought another a few miles north, which he still owns. It contains 258 acres, 200 acres under cultivation. In the fall of 1861 he moved to East Hew Castle, although he still carries on his farm. Mr. Loer is a stockholder in the Citizens' State Bank, Hew Castle. He and his wife are members of the Christian church. They have had five children; but three are living - Thomas B., Elizabeth (wife of G. L. Koons, of Iowa) and Sarah M. (wife of Harvey Davis).

George Lowe^ a son of David and Elizabeth Lowe, was born in Limerick, Ireland, Sept. 25, 1812. When six years of age his parents came to the United States and located in West Virginia. In the fall of 1834 he came to Indiana, and has since lived in Hew Castle, working at the carpenter's trade the greater part of the time. He has been industrious and a judicious manager and now owns sixty acres of choice land just outside the limits of the town and considerable valuable town property, valued at $20,000. He has served on the Town Board several years. Mr. Lowe was married in September, 183Y, to M. E., daughter of John Koach, of Virginia. They have had a family of eleven children; eight are living. Mr. Lowe has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal church fifty years. In politics he is a Bepublican and a strong advocate of temperance.

*7(9^71 ^ farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Greensboro Township, Henry Co., Ind., July 9, 1841, the only son of George and Polly A. (Draper) Lowery, his father a native of Virginia and his mother of Wayne County, Ind. His grandfather, Frederick Lowery, was an early settler of the county and lived to the advanced age of ninety years. His mother died in 1865. His father is still a resident of the county. They had a family of six children; two died in infancy. The four living are - JohnH. Biddy I., Malinda and Christiana. John H. was reared and educated in his native county and on arriving at maturity engaged in agricultural pursuits. He now owns a good farm of sixty-five acres. He was married in August, 1868, to Rebecca C. Bond,K[^ daughter of J. and Elmina Bond, who died leaving no children. He afterward married An'geline G. Bond, a sister of his first wife. They have one daughter, EvaTET"^

Rev. John B. Ludwig was born in Waldoboro, Maine, Dec. 27, 1834. His early life was spent on a farm. When nineteen years of age he learned the shipwright's trade, at which he worked several years, a portion of the time in Virginia and Alabama. He came to Indiana in 1854, spending one ^season in Hew Albany, thence to Madison. In 1861 he was married to Susan Jones, of Madison, Ind., where he resided three years. He spent the next three years in Switzerland and Johnson counties, Ind., preaching and completing his education under Prof. Jno. C. Miller. In 1868 he returned to Madison and took charge of the Christian church, remaining four years, when he resigned his charge and spent a few months in evangelical work. In May, 1872, he was called to the church at Hew Castle, Ind., where he labored until May, 1876, when, on account of failing health, he was obliged to resign his charge. Since then he has continued to live in Hew Castle, where his membership still is, and is preaching for churches in that and adjacent counties. He believes in the principle that a person can succeed best by devoting all his energies to one calling at a time, and while engaged partially in ministerial labors some years before his ordination, since then he has given himself "wholly to the ministry." Mr. Ludwig has a family of one son and three daughters. His eldest daughter is a member of the church, is married and resides at Hew Castle.

Andrew J. Lytle is a native of Butler County, Ohio, born Feb. 22, 1817, a son of Lucius and Haney Lytle. His father was a native of Pennsylvania, and Avhen a boy ten years of age his parents moved to Ohio, where he died in 1831. His mother was a native of Mason County, Ky. , and went to Ohio when a little girl. After the death of his father Andrew J. learned the carpenter's trade. In 1841 he came to Indiana, and in 1842 to Henry County, where he has since worked at his trade. He was married in Preble County, Ohio, in 1839, to Elinor Anders<^n, who died in 1842, leaving two children. In 1843 he married Matilda Ward,V who was born Oct. 16, 1815, a daughter of Samuel and Ann AYard. They' have had eight children; but two are living - Arando and Florence. Mrs. Lytle is one of the oldest native-born citizens of the county. She attended the first school in Hew Castle taught by Pichard Huff.

Rev. Milton Mahin.^ D.I).^ is a native of Greene County, Ohio, born Oct. 22, 1824, a son of John and Hester (Shigley) Mahin, his father a native of Mason County, Ky., and his mother of Pennsyl- vania. In 1828 his parents moved to Tippecanoe County, Ind., where his father died in 1848, and his mother still lives. He received all the advantages of the common schools of his day, and when seventeen years of age was licensed to preach in the Methodist Episcopal church and appointed an assistant of a large circuit. He was then appointed over the churches in Wilmington, Aurora, Mooreshill and Dellsboro, and in 1847 was sent to Knightstown ; from there went to Crawfordsville; thence to Fort Wayne, where he remained two years, and to Peru, where he remained four years. He then returned to Knightstown, where he was pastor and Presiding Elder two and a half years, when he went to Johnson County, ISTeb., and from there to Atchison, Kan. In 1861 he returned to Knightstown, thence to Peru, and, in 1863, came to Hew Castle, remaining here three years. In 1867 went to Logansport, and in 1869 was appointed Presiding Elder of New Castle District. In 1873 he was appointed Presiding Elder of Anderson District, but continued to reside in New Castle. In 1877 he went to Logansport, and in 1880 to Huntington, returning to New Castle in 1883, when he was given the charge of Spiceland District. Dr. Mahin was married in 1843 to Eliza Dosey, daughter of John W. Dosey, a distinguished educator of Dearborn and Marion counties. They have five children - Harriet, widow of Judge Polk; Wesley D., of Kokomo, Ind.; George E., Milton F. and Matthew.

Jeku Manifold was born near Blountsville, Henry Co., Ind., Oct. 24, 1848, the third son of Shepherd and Lydia^^. Manifold, natives of Tennessee. His father came to Indiana when a young man, and first settled in Wayne County. Subsequently came to Henry County, and settled near Blountsville, where he died in 1877. His mother died in 1874. They had a family of eleven children, eight of whom are living. Jehu Manifold spent his youth on the farm, obtaining his education in the public school. He has always followed agricultural pursuits, and has been successful, being now associated with S. T. Powell. When twentythree years of age he was married to Yirginia B., daughter of Lot Bidgway. They have three children. q thOJ^

Elijah Martindale^ deceased, wa« born in Laurence District, S. C., Nov. 10, 1793. In his early childhood his parents moved to Ohio, and in the year 1^11 emigrated to Indiana, and settled on a stream in Wayne County, from whom it derived its name - Martindale Creek, In the year 1815 he was united in marriage to Elizabeth Boyd, daughter of Samuel and Isabella

Boyd, who were among the early settlers of Wayne County. He became a Christian minister in the year 1818, and faithfully devoted himself to his calling through life. They moved to Henry County in the year 1832, and settled on Matrock, four miles southeast of New Castle, which then contained about a half dozen houses. He helped to prepare logs and build almost the first school-house erected, and being a minister he helped to establish and took the oversight of the first church organized in Henry County. Elijah and Elizabeth Martindale both lived to a ripe old age, and were both taken away with the same disease - dropsy of the heart - she surviving him nearly ten years. There were born unto them fifteen children, one dying in childhood, and fourteen lived to become heads of families. Eleven are still living. Their names, in order, are as follows - Matilda Rulon (deceased); Miles, (deceased); John N., Samuel P., Benjamin E. (deceased), Margaret Millikan. Martha Benl^pw. Isabel Stanford, Mary Roe, Elijah B., Simeon C., William S., Robert A., Lizzie Hennigh (deceased), James B. Their son, E. B. Martindale, of Indianapolis, is a successful lawyer and real estate agent, and an influential citizen of that metropolis. Their youngest son, J. B. Martindale, of ChicagoH has for ten years past published a law directory, which is a guide to creditors in making collections all over the United Statej._._-1/

Jo/m McDowell, a representative of one of the oldest and most influential families of Henry County, was born on the old homestead, two miles north of New Castle, July 16, 1843, the second son and third of five children of William and Anna McDowell. He was reared a farmer, attending the district school during the winter. He has always followed agricultural pursuits, and now owns eighty acres of the old home farm, lying on the Cadiz A New Castle pike. He was married in 1873 to Samantha, daughter of Needham and Hannah Sanders. They have two children - Merle and Alma. Mr. and Mrs. McDowell are members of Sugar Grove Methodist Episcopal Church, of which he is Trustee.

William McDowell was born in Orange County, Yt., March 25, 1800, and died in Henry County, Ind., Aug. 12, 1883. In January, 1803, his parents moved to Cayuga County, N. T., and March 22, 1821, he came to Henry County, Ind., and settled on the farm now owned by his son, John McDowell, where he lived over sixty years. He was one of the earliest settlers of Henry Township, and one of its most influential citizens. His circle of acquaintances and friends was large, and he was familiarly known by them

" Uncle Billy McDowell." He was Court Bailift of Hew Castle for forty years, and Coroner of Henry County thirty years. He was well acquainted with all the judges on the bench and all the members of the bar. During his last sickness, which wa^ protracted, he was exceedingly patient, and appreciated all the attentions of those around him, often expressing his gratitude to those who waited on him. He was perfectly resigned to the will of the Heavenly Father, entertaining no fears for the future. He was a kind husband and father, a good neighbor and citizen, and was highly esteemed by a large circle of friends. His funeral was held in Sugar Grove Methodist Episcopal church, Aug. 13, and his body laid to rest in the cemetery adjoining. Mr. McDowell was married in 1824 to Penninah Bundy, and to them were born seven children, three of whom are living. His wife died, and in 1838 he married Anna Dyson, who survives him. But one of their five children - John - is living. In 1837 he joined the Methodist Episcopal church, and remained a faithful member till death.

Elihu T. Mendenhall^ M. , is a native of Montgomery County^ Ind., born Jan. 25, 1844, a son of William and Elizabeth (Warren) Mendenhall. His father died in February, 1845, and his mother in February, 1868. He was early in life thrown on his own resources; but being a boy of energy and a large amount of ambition, he was able to take care of himself and assist his mother. In 1862 he enlisted in the army, and served three years; was mustered out in 1865. He began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. S. C. Dove, of Westfield; subsequently took two full courses of lectures, and graduated at the Ohio Medical College, Cincinnati, in 1876. He located in Millville, remaining there till 1882, when he moved to Hew Castle. He has recently introduced the system of treating all diseases of a chronic nature with electric baths, which in many instances give» immediate relief. Dr. Mendenhall was married in 1866 to Mary, daughter of George and Margaret, Baker, of Hamilton County, Ind. He was a member of Fidelity Lodge, Ho. 160, I. O. O. F., and the Grand Army of the Eepublic. He is at present Surgeon of his post.

Isaac Mendenhall^ M. D.^ is a native of Preble County, Ohio, born March 14, 1826. He received a good education in the schools of Preble County, completing it at the high school of West Elkton. He then began teaching, and taught in his native county and in Indiana. In 1843 he began the study of medicine, reading for a time with his brother Elijah, who was a noted physician, and afterward with Simon Allen, - of Indiana. He took one course of lectures at the Medical Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, and immediately began his practice, locating near West Elkton. A year later he moved to Peru, Ind. In 1848 he came to Hew Castle, where he built up a good practice, and by judicious management has accumulated a good property. He was one of the founders of the Citizens' State Bank of Hew Castle, and is one of its Directors. Dr. Mendenhall is a member of the State Medical Association and the American Medical Association. In 1863 he was appointed Medical Examiner for Pensions, and served eight years. He was married in 1849 to Rachel, daughter of Isaac Brown. They have five children - Yiretta, wife of Mason Lohr; Luella, wife of Robert Carson; Alma, wife of Almon Bowman; Eliza A. and Yalentine M. The Doctor and his wife .are members of the Society of Friends.

Horth Carolina, his mother a daughter of Joseph Coffin. In 1826 his parents moved to Wayne County, Ind., and settled near the town of Washington; subsequently moved to Economy, where the father died in 1880. The father was born in 1798, and the mother in 1801. She is now making her home with her daughter, Huldah Mills, of this county. Of a family of ten children, eight are living. Oliver L. Mendenhall was principally reared in Economy. He has always followed agricultural pursuits. He came to Henry County in 1849, and settled southwest of Hew Castle, where he now owns a farm of 365 ^acres of fine land. He pays special attention to raising small grain and stock. His horses are the finest in the county, and have taken the first premium at the fairs. Mr. Mendenhall was married in 1844 to Lydia, daughter of Jesse Bond, ot Wayne County. They have a family of six children - Orilla; Mattie, wife of Frank Modlin; Jesse O., William B., Luther H and Charles. Mr. and Mrs. Mendenhall are members of the Society of Friends.

27, 1814. His father was of Irish, and his mother was of English descent. His opportunities for an early education were very limited. His early life was spent in labor on a farm, where he grew up to a vigorous manhood. With the desire of improving his condition, and believing that this could be better accomplished in a free State, he came to Henry County, Ind., in 1835, and settled one mile northeast of the old town of Hillsboro. During the winter following he attended school, the late Luke Wiles being his teacher. He thus became able to teach in the elementary schools of these early days, and taught several terms very successfully. In the winter of 1837 he went back to Tennessee on a visit, but soon returned to his adopted State. During the summer he engaged in farming, yet neglecting no opportunity for improving his mind. On Aug. 5. 1838. Mr. Millikan was married to Martha Koons, who still survives, and has ever proved herself the worthy helpmeet and companion of her husband. In 1842 he removed with his family to Hancock County. In 1845 he removed back to Henry County, and purchased a farm on Flatrock. He engaged in farming, and also established a blacksmith shop, and became quite an expert in this then important trade. In 1853 he purchased and removed to what may be called the Millikan homestead, in Liberty Township, where for many years he successfully conducted his farming interests. In connection with his farming interests he was also engaged for a few years in pork packing. In 1854 Mr. Millikan was elected Justice of the Peace, and was subsequently re-elected, serving eight years. He has many times been a delegate to State conventions of the political party to which he belonged. All his political duties he performed with fidelity to his party, yet without being a bitter partisan. His decisions and rulings while serving as Justice of the Peace were always characterized for their firmness and impartiality. In 1868 Mr. Millikan was elected by the Pepublicans of Henry County as Representative in the Legislature of the State, and took his seat Jan. 7, 1869. During the session of the Legislature he was an earnest member, and while not conspicuous in debate he gave close attention to the proceedings of the House, 'and voted intelligently and conscientiously on all public questions. During the session Mr. Millikan was Chairman of the important Committee on Roads He introduced a bill authorizing the assessment of lands for the construction of plauk, macadamized and gravel roads. At the special session of the Legislature, held the same year, this bill became a law, and by virtue of it hundreds of gravel roads were constructed in Indiana. A special session of the Legislature was called April 10, 1869, and it was during this session that the Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States was voted upon, Mr. Millikan voting for the amendment. The Morgan Raid Bill was pending during his service as Legislator, and he always consistently opposed the payment of the claims. In 1870 he was re-elected as Representative from his county. During the session he was an active and influential member, and served as a member of the Committee on Roads, Canals and Public Expenditures, and also upon the Committee on Benevolent Institutions. The latter committee investigated the management of all the State institutions. In 1873 the Citizens' State Bank of New Castle was organized, and Mr. Millikan, who is a stockholder in the institution, was elected President of the same, and since that time has continuuously held that position. He has by industry and economy amassed a competency, yet he has always been kind and charitable to those less fortunately situated. He has always been a warm friend of education, and served for many years as School Trustee. When the question of free schools was flrst agitated, and when the matter was referred to a vote of the people, he, John Hunt and Luke Wiles were the only persons in Liberty Township who voted for the free school system. Mr. Millikan is a firm believer in the Christian religion, and with his estimable wife, has been, since 1863, a consistent member of the Christian church. He has always been an advocate of temperance and all moral reforms, and in all the relations of life has been upright and consistent. Mr. Millikan is the father of eight children, two of whom are dead, one son being a sacrifice upon the altar of his country. The surviving children consist ot two daughters - Mrs. T. B. Hunt and Mrs. H. Z. Beck. His sons are - De Vault K., Frank M., Thomas B. and Isaac N., all of whom are respected citizens. Mr. Millikan has been fortunate in all the relations of life, yet few men have more deserved success than he.

Nathan Millilcan is a native of Clinton County, Ohio, born Feb. 2, 1812, a son of Eli and MaryAMiJlikan, his father a native of Tennessee and his mother of North Carolina. He lived on his father's farm until his marriage in February, 18-tI, to Priscilla W., daughter of James and Anna Christy, and in March, 1811:, moved to Henry County, Ind., and settled on a farm in Blue River Township, remaining there twelve years. In 1856 he moved to Liberty ' Township and bought a farm of 160 acres of Jacob Byers, which he afterward increased to 218 acres. In 1882 he moved to New Castle and has since lived retired from active business life. He is a stockholder in the Citizens' State Bank. Mr. and Mrs. Millikan have eight children - Anna M., wife of W. D. Pierce; Isaac W., James C., Eli A., Thomas W., Jabez H., Mary R.,and Martha A.

Charles Mitchell is entitled to a word to his memory. It is always pleasant to speak of the honest pioneers of the West. The subject of this sketch was a native of Clark County, Ohio, about 1799. He had a common-school education and taught school before he was married. He married Mary Block in Clark County about 1820. He settled in Hew Castle about 1824, engaging in the tannery business. Henry County was then in the woods. He was among the lirst settlers of Hew Castle. In these days militia organizations were kept up and musters at fixed times were held regularly. He was the Captain of the Hew Castle company which constituted a part of the regiment commanded by Colonel Miles Murphey and Major Asahel Woodward. He afterward moved from Hew Castle to Pendleton in Madison County, where he owned the mills, the hotel and a farm adjoining the town. While residing at Pendleton in 1837 he was elected Associate Judge of the Circuit Court and served as such for a period of six or seven years. He never practiced law. He afterward purchased and moved on a farm in Henry County between Middletown and Mechanicsburg, where he resided until his death in 1863. His wife survived him some fifteen years. He was about five feet eight inches in height, well built, expanded chest and shoulders, short neck, good features? pleasant countenance and a strong constitution. He was a plain, honest, generous man and his home was always open to friends and neighbors. Had it not been for intemperance, so common in his day, he could have become prominent. He sleeps beside his wife in the cemetery at Mechanicsburg.

Alcander Modlin is a native of Henry County, Ind., born Dec. 23, 1844. His father, Mark Modlin, came to Indiana with his father Joseph Modlin, when he was fourteen years of age and settled on the farm now owned by his widow and her heirs. He was married in February, 1838, to Cynthia A., daughter of John and Eliza^ th Stinson. After his marriage he followed fanning and in 1852 located on the farm now owned by his widov/ and heirs . He died Hov. 30, 1869. Of a family of nine children eight lived till maturity. One son, John H., was wounded in the late war, and died of his wounds July 23, 1864. Mark Modlin was Superintendent of the county poor farm fourteen years. Alcander followed farming and teaching and is now engaged in the small fruit and nursery business. He was married in 1882 to J ulia, daughter of Benjamin and Sarah McCune, of West Virginia.

Luther W. Modlin was born in Jefferson Township, Henry Co., Ind., June 3, 1840, a son of Richard and Jane (Wrig^ht) Modlin, his father a native of North Carolina, born in 1812, and his mother of Tennessee, born in 1808. His grandparents, William Modlin and John Wright, were among the earl}' settlers of the county. After Richard Modlin was married he settled on a farm in Dudley Township, where he lived till his death in 1869. Mrs. Modlin is living on the old homestead with one of her daughters. They had a family of seven children; two daughters, the eldest and youngest are deceased. Luther W. lived on a farm a number of years and then went to Cadiz and carried on a lumber yard four years, in 1880 he was elected Treasurer of Henry County and served two years. Since 1882 he has given his attention to farming. In 1883 he went to Maine and bought a drove of Jersey cattle, which he shipped to his farm in Harrison Township. His farm contains 120 acres of choice land. In the spring of 1881 he moved his family to New Castle. He- was married Aug. 9, 1860, to Delilah S., daughter of Shubael and Margaret Dewy. They have six children - Minnie O., Isaac M., Mary E., Letha J., Thomas W. and Frank G. Mr. and Mrs. Modlin are members ot the Methodist Episcopal church.

William W. Modlin^ dealer in agricultural implements, hardware and seeds. New Castle, Ind., was born in Henry County, Ind., Nov. 23, 1848, a son of Mark and Cynthia A. Modlin, his father a native of North Carolina, and his mother of Brookville. Ind. His father died in 1869. His mother is living on the home farm three and a half miles west of New Castle. There was a family of nine children - John H., who was wounded at the battle of Dallas, Ga., and died soon after; Emma B., died when eight years of age; Sallie J., Elizabeth, Alcander, Hester A., Lee, William W. and Frank P. William W., remained at home till 1876, when he came to New Castle and dealt in farm machinery. In 1879 he removed to his present location on North Main street, where, with increased facilities he has a greatly increased trade. He was married in D876 to Anne E., daughter of Henry L. and Mary Shopp. They have three children. Mr. Modlin is a member of Crescens Lodge, No. 33, K. of P. -

Rev. Aaron II. Moore was born Oct. 19, 1833, in Adams County, Ohio, a son of Joseph and Nancy (Hathaway) Moore. When he was a year old his parents settled in Highland County, Ohio, remaining there till his mother's death in 1862. He was reared on a farm till he attained his majority and attended the common schools in Highland County. He afterward attended the Normal Academy at Georgetown, Brown Co., Ohio, where he prepared himself for a teacher. He then taught school eleven years, and during this time he also studied for tlie ministry. His first regular charge was at New Paris, Preble County, Ohio, where he remained as pastor of the Christian church for seven years. From 1875 till 1879 he had charge of the Christian church at Bellefontaine, Logan Co., Ohio, and since 1879 he has had charge of the same church at New Castle. Mr. Moore was married in 1858 to Mary, daughter of Elliott and Nancy Boush, of Highland County, Ohio. To this union have been born four children - Ida M. and Lorella N. are teachers in the New Castle Academy; Nathan A. has been a member of the firm Fairfield & Moore, formerly Fairfield Bros., grocers, since April, 1883, and Bertha W., who is in her ninth year.

Joshua 1. Morris^ Auditor, Henry County, Ind., was born in Wayne Township, six miles northwest of Knightstown, March 28, 1847, a son of John and Hannah (Scoville) Morris, his father a native of Ohio, and his mother of Henry County, Ind. His father came to Indiana when eight years of age, and is still the owner of the old farm his father first settled on in 1832; immediately after his marriage settled on this farm, where he. lived until 1874. The family consists of eight children, J. I. Morris being the eldest, seven of whom are yet living. Our subject remained at home on the farm till March, 1865, or until eighteen years of age, when he embarked in the mercantile business as clerk until March, 1869, when he opened a grocery store with his father as partner. Said partnership continued until 1874, when the firm 'consisted of J. I. Morris and E. P. Morris forming the partnership or firm of Morris Bros.; said partnership existed until January, 1883. In November, 1882, he was elected Auditor of Henry County, and assumed the duties of the office Nov. 1, 1883, term four years. He was Treasurer of the Knightstown Union Agricultural Society for three years. He was married Nov. 18, 1868, to Kate, daughter of John and Agnes Slack, a native of Ohio. They have two daughters - Leone and Blanche. Mr. and Mrs. Morris are members of the Presbyterian church, and Mr. Morris a member of the Masonic fraternity, and has been Recorder of Knightstown Commandery. No. 9, for twelve years.

natives of Pennsylvania and Maryland, respectively. They were married in Pennsylvania, and came to Indiana about 1840. He ran a woolen factory in Hillsboro several years, and after coming to New Castle he embarked in the mercantile business, which he carried on till a short time before his death. He died March 28, 1874, and his wife died March 26, 1881. Of their family, three survive - Mary C., Margaret P., wife of T. W. Millikan, and our subject, who was reared and educated in New Castle. When about ninteen years old he began clerking in his father's store, where he remained till 1873, after which he was engaged in the clothing store of N. E. Black as clerk until 1879. He then purchased a half interest in the drug store of Milton Davis, with whom he was associated until Jan. 1, 1883, when he purchased his partner's interest. His stock consists of drugs, paints, stationery, wall-paper, etc. He was married in 1883 to Mollie Bond, of Henry County, Ind. Mr. Mowrer is a member of the Masonic fraternity. He has been High Priest of the Chapter and Illustrious Master of the Council. In politics he is a Democrat. In 1876 he was nominated by the Democratic party at their County Convention, held in New Castle, for Clerk of the Court, but the Republican party being largely in the majority of course he was defeated.

Hugh L. Mtdlen was born Oct. 9, 1832, in Hamilton County, Ohio, a ^on of Robert and Catherine (Stout) Mullen, natives of Pennsylvania and New Jersej", respecthmiy. He learned the cooper's trade with his father, and came to Indiana with his parents in 1852. He worked at his trade until 1861, when he enlisted in the Thirty-sixth Indiana Infantry as a ]>rivate, to serve three years. He was soon promoted to Fifth Sergeant, then to Orderly Sergeant, and in 1862 he was made First Lieutenant. In 1863 he was promoted to Captain, which rank he lield till his discharge. He participated in many important battles, among which were Pittsburgh Landing, Stone River, Perryville and Chickamauga, at which battle he was wounded by a minie-ball, which entered his left cheek, coming out in the neck near the jugular vein. After his recovery he participated in the Atlanta campaign. He was mustered out in September, 1864, at Indianapolis. He accepted a position as a clerk in the Commissary Department, and was in the celebrated march to the sea. After the war he returned to New Castle, Ind., and for a short time engaged in farming. In 1870 he was elected Sheriff of Henry County and served a term of two years; and in 1872 he was re-elected and served another term.

After his term of office expired he engaged in the manufacture of furniture, which he followed seven years, after which he was variously engaged. In 1883 he became a stockholder in the New Castle Foundry and Pump Company, and soon after was appointed Superintendent of the business. He has been a Director since the organization of the company. He has been three times married. He bad one child by his first wife and two by the second. In 1872 he was married to his third wife, whose maiden name was Leah Modlin, a daughter of Mark and Cynthia Modlin, of this county- To them have been born one son and one daughter. Mr. Mullen is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows fraternities, and is also a Knight of Pythias.

James Mullen is a native of Hamilton County, Ohio, born May 29, 1828, a son of John S. and Huldah Mullen, his father a native of Pennsylvania, and his mother of New Jersey. His parents came to Henry County, Ind., in the spring of 1830, and the same spring built a cabin and moved in, in the green woods, a mile east of New Castle, where our subject was reared. He followed farming for several years after reaching manhood, and in 1853 moved to New Castle and carried on a meat market, at the same time dealing extensively in stock, till 1865, when he moved to Chicago, 111., where he carried on a commission house, making a specialty of hides and tallow. In 1866 he returned to New Castle ^nd was in the grocery business several years, and subsequently dealt extensively in hardwood lumber and building stone. In 1848 Mr. Mullen married Amanda M., daughter of Elijah Stout. She died May 20, 1873, leaving four children - Orominah, wife of Wilson Winings; George L., Loda Lee and Charles. In 1875 Mr. Mullen married Maggie, daughter of Otho and Ruth WiUiams. Mr. and Mrs. Mullen are members of the Christian church.

Thomas Mullen is a native of Hamilton County, Ohio, born March 8, 1816, of Scotch-Irisii descent. His parents were married in Pennsylvania and subsequently moved to Ohio, where they spent the remainder of their days. He learned the cooper's trade when a young man and worked at it several years in connection with farming. In the spring of 1846 he moved to Henry County, and bought forty acres of land two and a half miles east of New Castle. He built a little shanty and commenced clearing his land; subsequently added to it till he owned 160 acres of choice land. Besides his fine farm he owns considerable valuable property in New Castle and has given each of his children $1,000. He has accumulated his property by industry and good management, being in meager ciioumstances when be came to the county. e was married in 1834 to Rachel Wilkinson, a native of Ohio, born in 1816, a daughter of Joel T. Wilkinson. They have had eight ehildren-Isaac; Ephraim; Hugh, died in 1864; Mary, wife of George Thompson; Melissa, wife of George Craig; Margaret, deceased, wife of James Smith; Joel; Hannah, died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Mullen are members of the Christian church. After a married life of fifty years they are both hale and hearty, superintending their own work.

rnUiam Murphy, President of the First National Bank Castle, was born in Wayne County, Ind., Jan. 31, 1814, a son Miles Murphy, who came, from North Carolina in 1811. .® i'*'' ,« in Franklin Township, Oct. 15, 1835, the eldest son of Robert and Malinda (Nixon) Needham. He was reared on his father s farm, attending when a child the district schools. He subsequently attended the academy at New Castle two years, and then the As-^,,d' ^ ^1 4 bury University at Greeiicastle, Ind., a year. The following two years he taught school and in the meantime was married to Christena A., daughter of Peter and Margaret Keesling, of hall Greet Township. After his marriage he followed farming two years, and in his leisure moments devoted himself to the study of medicine In 1861- 62 he took a course of lectures at the Physio-Medical 'institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, and in the winter of 1863-'64 returned to the Institute and graduated. He began to practice his profession in April, 1862, and with the exception of a year spent in Logansport has been an active practitioner of New Castle to the present time. In 1869 he accepted the chair of Materia- Medica and Therapeutics in the Physio-Medical Institute of Cincinnati, and held the position five years, when failing health compelled him to resign. In 1883 he was again elected and accepted the same chair in the Institute, still holding the position. He formed a partnership with B. F. Keesling and established a drug store in Logansport, but at the end of seven years sold his interest to his partner. Dr. ^Needham is a member of the District Medical Association, the State Medical Board and tlie National Medical Association. He served some time as President and Secretary of the State Medical Association. He served as a member of the City Council one term and of the School Board three years. He is a member of New Castle Lodge, No. 91, F. & A. M. ; New Castle Chapter, No. 50, R. A. M. ; New Castle Council, No. 51, R. & S. M.;and Knightstown Commandery, No. 9, K. T. In politics he is a Republican. He and his wife are members of the Christian church. He takes an active interest in the Sundayschool work; has been Superintendent of the Sunday-school several years, and of the county as well as of his own church. Dr. and Mrs. Needham have two children - Charles E. and Ida F.

W. Needham^ photographer, 120 South Main street, New Castle, Ind., was born in Henry County, Ind., Dec. 6, 1840, a son of Robert and Malinda (Nixon) Needham. He remained on the farm of his father, and attended school till the breaking out of the Rebellion, when he enlisted in Company F, Fifty-seventh Indiana Infantry, and served till the close of the war; was mustered out July 1, 1865. He participated in the battles of Stone River, Perry ville, Atlanta, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge and many others under General Sherman. After his return home he engaged in the drug trade until January, 1866, when he opened a photograph gallery on Broad street, removing to his present location in 1868. He was married Sept. 10, 1866, to Mary C., daughter of John and Elizabeth Y. Hosea. They have five children, three sons and two daughters. Mr. Needham is a member of the Knights of Pythias and Grand Army of the Republic. He is filling the chair of Past Chancellor in the former.

Joshua Newby was born on the farm where he now resides. May 1, 1830, a son of Thomas and Sarah^ewby, natives of North Carolina, his father born Feb. 25, 1794, and his mother Nov. 6, 1798. His parents came to Henry County, Ind., in 1827, and entered eighty acres of land to which they added from time to time till they owned several hundred acres. Tiiomas Newby was a successful farmer and stockraiser making a speciality of fine horses. A few years before his death he moved to Greensboro where he died in 1863. His wife died July 13, 1879. Of their family of ten children, eight are living. Joshua was reared on his father's farm but after reaching his majority went to California and remained several years. In the spring of 1859 he returned to Henry County. He owns 168 acres of choice land, and is engaged in farming and stockraising, like his father making a speciality of fine horses. He has two fine Kentucky horses, Harrison Chief, Jr., and Yan, which cost him about $2,000. Mr, Newby was married in March, 1862, to Sarah A., daughter of Einsley Brooklnire. They have two children - Abner E. and Luther H. Mr. Newby was instrumental in having the Southwestern Grand Pike built. He took the subscriptions, and has been President several years.

William Nlpp^ of Nipp Brothers, proprietors of the Blue Mills, two miles north of New Castle, is a native otKush Count}", Ind., born March 10, 1848, a son of John and Catherine Nipp, residents of Bush County, Ind. His father was a millwright and when twelve years of age he began working at the same trade. His brother John, who resides in Knightstown, is also a practical miller and millwright. They purchased and took possession of their present mill in 1883. It was built in 1852 and was owned by Henry Earnley. The mill is in good repair, having four run of burrs. They make a first-class grade of fiour, which is all sold before it leaves the mill.

Benjamin S. Parker^ son of Isaac and Mary Parker, was born in Franklin Township, Henry Co., Ind., Feb. 10,1833, and being reared on a farm he had only such school advantages as were furnished to the common schools of the time, which were supple mented, liowever, by abundant home reading and study. In early manhood he was engaged for a time in teaching and afterward for ten years in mercantile pursuits, and then for seven or eight years was engaged in the publication of a newspaper at New Castle. He also found time to study lav/ and was admitted to the bar. Mr. Parker has been an industrious contributor to newspapers and magazines, frequently editorially connected with the country press prior to assuming the management of one. He was more widely known by poems published in the leading journals and magazines and widely copied throughout the country. Selections from them may be found in Coggshall's "Poets and Poetry of the West," published in 1860; in ''The Union of Art and Poetry," by John James Piatt, in 1881. In this latter collection one of his poems was superbly illustrated. Mr. Parker printed a small collection privately in 1871, entitled "The Lesson and Other Poems," but the best part of his work is still uncollected, though his friends hope it will not long remain so. Mr. Parker has a great variety of material collected for a representative volume of Indiana poetry, which would have been completed ere this had the pressure of other duties permitted. He came into active political life with the Pepublican party, for which he has done a great deal of work with the pen, on the stump and as an active organizer. In 1878 he was the nominee of his party for joint Eepresentative for the counties of Henry and Madison, but owing mainly to a large Greenback defection he was defeated by a small margin. In 1880 he was the Presidential Elector on the Garfield ticket from the Sixth Congressional District. In 1882 he was appointed by President Arthur U. S. Consul at Sherbrooke, Province of Quebec, which next to Montreal is the most important of the Canadian consulates. He has been quite fortunate in winning friends in his temporary home and is accounted a prompt, efficient and judicious officer. Mr. Parker was married to Huldah, daughter of jhthro and Mary Wickersham, in January. 1869, and they are the parents of three promising and healthy children - Florence, aged thirteen; . Allegra, eleven, and Jethro, aged five years. Although it has been Mr. Parker's lot to suffer much from financial embarrassment for a number of years, his domestic relations have been of the happiest, and to the sympathy and assistance of Mrs. Parker he owes much for the opportunities and encouragement received in his literary work. Mr. Parker is just in the noonday of mental vigor, his schooling in self-denial has not soured him, and with the broadening infiuence of travel and a large acquaintance with men and things his friends are hopeful of the future of one who wrote on his forty-fifth birthday:

John Payne^ one of the most successful farmers of Henry Township, was born in Stokes County, H. C., Sept. 26, 1805, and remained in bis native county till twenty-four years of age. He worked four years for one man at $6 a month and saved each year $50. In the spring of 1829 he and another young man came to Indiana, with one horse, riding alternately, and making the trip in seventeen days. He bought eighty acres of land of Colonel Murphey, and the following fall was married to Sarah, daughter of Samuel and Keziah ^^ilson. They settled on the eighty-acre tract, and remained there four years when he sold it and bought 160 acres, on part of which his residence is located. He engaged in general farming and stock-raising, and by industry and good management accumulated a large property. His home farm now contains 180 acres. He at one time owned 1,560 acres, 1,000 lying west of Hew Castle, which he has given to his children. He has the oversight of three farms, and has erected two stores and dwellings in Hew Castle, and carries on a threshing machine, each department being carried on successfully. He was one of the organizers of the Citizens' State Bank, of Hew Castle, and is one of the Directors, owning $8,000 worth of the stock. He also has a large amount of property loaned on real estate security. His work is performed with the latest and best machinery, believing it the only way to secure good crops. He is strictly temperate in his habits, an early riser, and although seventy-nine years of age, is as active as many at fifty. He enjoys a coon hunt the same as in his younger days. In January, 1884, he started out one morning and by night had tracked and caught eight coons. Although he received but a limited education his natural ability has enabled him to carry on a large and increasing business successfully. He has always been strictly honest in all his business transactions, never knowingly defrauding any one. He lost his wife Feb. 11, 1882, after a married life of nearly fifty-four years. They had a family of fourteen children, eleven of whom lived till maturity. Only four are now living - John, Hathan, Charles C., and Mary J., wifejof William Be^'d. Politically Mr. Payne is a Republican.

Evan H. Feed, one of the enterprising farmers of Henry Township, was born in Liberty Township, Henry County Ind., Jan. 5, 1843, a son of James and Elizabeth (ElliottJJjTeed, his father a nali^of Kentucky and his mother of Wayne County, Ind., born Feb. 14, 1809. His narents moved to Henry County in 1834 and settled on a farm in Liberty Township, where the father died in July, 1860. His widow still lives on the old homestead which contains 240 acres of fine land. Of a family of seven children, but four are living. Evan H. received a good education in the district schools and the Hew Castle Academy, and afterward taught three years. He was married when twent;g-tjiree years of age to Samantha, daughter of John and Elizabeth^owell, of Hew Castle. Immediately after his marriage Mr. Peed located on his present farm, which contains 160 acres of land, the greater portion well cultivated. He pays especial attention to the raising of Clydesdale horses and Jersey cattle. Mr. and Mrs. Peed have four children, two sons and two daughters. He is a member of Masonic and Knights of Honor fraternities.

John R. Peed^ a prominent farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Mason County, Ky., Oct. 17, 1832, a son of William and Elizabeth y^eed, natives of Kentucky. His mother died in her native State, and in 1855 his father came to Henry County, Ind., where he died in 1880. John P. remained in Kentucky till 1857. He worked for William Dobucker, of Baltimore, as a drover several years, and in the meantime crossed the mountains thirty-five times. After coming to Henry County he bought a part of his present farm, which he has added to till he now owns 600 acres well adapted to general farming and grazing. He is one of the most successful stock-raisers of the county, owning many fine Durham and Jersey cattle, Cotswold and Merino sheep. The most of his Durham cattle are registered. Mr. Peed was married in January, 1858, to Sarah A., daughter of Robert Heedham. They have had five children; but three are living. Mr. Peed is an enterprising, progressive man, and has done much toward the improvement of the county. He has introduced some of the best stock in the county, thereby benefiting the stock-raiser and farmer.

Cyrus P. Pence^ son of Charles, who served in the war uf 1812, who was a son of Jacob, a soldier under Washington and Lafayette at Yalley Forge, Pa., during the Revolutionary war, is a native of Rockingham County, Ya., born Hov. 15, 1809. He learned the trade of a tanner and currier, remaining in his native State until 1835. He then moved to Clinton County, Ind., remaining there until 1853, when he moved to Anderson, Madison County. In the spring of 1859 he moved to Hew Castle and purchased a tannery and boot and shoe and harness manufactory, which he carried on until the breaking out of the Rebellion, or civil war.

during which four of his sons enlisted. One, F. JS"., was severely wounded at the battle of Chickamauga. He was struck on the shoulder by a bursting shell, receiving injuries in his back and head, but recovered after the war. Mr. Pence discontinued his tannery, etc., and engaged in the milling business for two or three years at the same place, converting his building into a mill. He purchased Wm. H. Hoover's property in Hew Castle, where he has since resided. He owns seven acres of choice land, and pays strict attention to raising fruit, berries, etc. Mr. Pence was married to Elizabeth Littell, daughter of Joseph Littell, of Hew Market, Va., who died at Frankfort, Ind., Jan. 29, 1849, having had eight children, five of whom, four sons and one daughter, are living. Mr. Pence remained a widower until October, 1850, when he married Miss Catharine Kyger, of Frankfort, Ind. To this marriage eight children were born, five sons and three daughters. Four sons and three daughters survive. One, Harry G., died from sunstroke, June 30, 1878, aged eighteen years and six months. Politically Mr. Pence has been a strict adherent to the Jeffersonian doctrine, ever voting the Democratic ticket, except for Abraham Lincoln's second election, who was in favor of a government of the people, by the people, and for the people, whose heart, Waldo Emerson said, '' was as large as the world, but no room for a wrong." Mr. Pence is probably the only person now living in Indiana who has seen and conversed with Washington Lafayette, son of General Lafayette. He met him with another distinguished friend from France, at the Thomas Jefferson residence, Monticello, \^a.

Caleb C. Perdieu^ attorney at law and Justice of the Peace, Hew Castle, Ind., was born in Dudley Township, Henry County, Ind., July 30, 1850, the only son of Benjamin and Haney (Witt) Perdieu, his father a native of Horth Carolina, and his mother of Tennessee. His parents came to Indiana in an early day, and kept a tavern and wagon yard near Dublin. His father moved from there three and a half miles from Cadiz, where he died in 1856, and his mother in 1862. Caleb C. received a good education, and in 1867 began teaching, following the vocation till 1873; in the meantime he began the study of law, and was admitted to the bar in the spring of 1874. In 1881 he was appointed Justice of the Peace by the county commissioners, to fill a vacancy caused by the failure of one of the elected parties to qualify. In 1882 he was elected a member of the Board of Town Trustees. In 1870 Mr. Perdieu was married to Mary E., daughter of J ames W. and Sarah J.

Charles A. Phelps was born near Cadiz, Aug. 3, 1862, a son of Frederick and Elizabeth (Newby) Phelps, natives of Henry County, His father died in 1863. Charles A. received a good education in the schools of Spiceland, and attended the academy at Westfield, Hamilton County, one term. He then turned his attention to agricultural pursuits, and now owns a fine farm of 120 acres in Harrison Township. He lives on his father-in-law's farm, near New Castle, and is engaged in general farming. He was married in 1882 to Cora, daughter of Clark and Margaret Hosier. Mr. Phelps is a member of Crescens Lodge, No. 33, K. ^P., New Castle.

Ezekiel Phelps was born in Guilford County, N. C., Feb. 11, 1829, a son of Samuel and Sarah Phelps. In 1831 his parents came to Henry County, Ind., and settled on a farm four miles west of New Castle, and four years later moved to another, four miles southwest of New Castle, where they lived the rest of their lives. Of a family of eleven children six are living. Ezekiel Phelps had very limited educational advantages. His father was an invalid many years, and he was obliged to work on the farm and care for the family. He married Sarah, daughter ot Levi and Margaret Hoover. He settled on his present farm in 1865, known as the Abner Elliott farm. He owns 278 acres of choice land, the most of it under cultivation. In 1876 he built a fine two-story brick residence with all modern improvements. Mr. and Mrs. Phelps have had four children; but two are living - Cora A., wife of S. S. Test, and Yierling L. They are members of the Society of Orthodox Friends.

1. W. Pitman^ manager of Baldwin, Roberts & Co.'s packing house. New Castle, is a native of Milton, Ind., born June 20, 1832, a son of Eli and Hannah Pitman, his father a native of North Carolina and his mother of Pennsylvania. His father died in Cambridge City, in 1861. When nineteen years of age Mr. Pitman went to California, returning to Indiana in 1856. In 1857 he came to Henry County, where he manufactured pumps and engaged in different kinds of business till 1867. He then sold agricultural implements nine years, and in 1876 assumed the duties of his present position. He was married in December, 1858, to Rebecca, daughter of Powell and Ann Carpenter. Her father died when she was a little girl, and her mother in 1872. Mr. and Mrs. Pit-

Robert H. Polh^ one of the oldest citizens of New Castle, was born in Virginia, June 13, 1800, a son of James and Elizabeth( Polk. In 1806 his parents moved to North Carolina, where they passed the remainder of their lives. His grandfather, William Polk, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, and died in North Carolina in the fall of 1805. Robert H. Polk learned the gunsmith's trade when a young man. He came to Henry County, Ind., in 1841, and settled a mile and a half north of Greensboro, where he worked at his trade and carried on his farm till 1864, when he moved to New Castle, and soon after opened a shop, where, although eighty-four years of age, he still works. Mr, ^olk was married in 1823 to Hannah Hogiji^ who died in February, 1875. They had a family of ten children - Babel N.; Milton; Rebecca,_wife of Jacob Kennard; Rachel C.^wiie of Q. Hinshaw; John F.; Nancy J., wife of J. Newby; Jonathan C.; Hannah M., wife of B. F. lieagan; Robert L., deceased; Elizabeth T., wife of D. F. Woods. Mr. Polk has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal church fifty years. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity.

Henry L. Powell was born in New Castle, Ind., Dec. 23, 1842, the only son of Simeon T. Powell. He received a good education in the schools of New Castle, and in 1863-'64 attended the State University. He then read law with Judge J. H. Mellett, and was admitted to the bar. He tried one case, which he won, and then retired from practice, and settled on the farm. He owns 214 acres of choice land two and a half miles south of New Castle. His residence is a two-story brick, with all modern improvements. His grounds are beautifully laid out with choice shrubbery and shade trees. His home is the finest in the county. His stock is all of a fine grade, and he takes special pride in hi^,^horses. He was married in 1867 to Amelia, daughter of Elisha <3fift. They have one son - Howard, now twelve years of age.

Charles C. Powell^ deceased, was a native of New Castle, Ind., born March 30, 1833. He was the eldest son of John and Elizabeth (Creek) Powell, early settlers of Henry County. He obtained a liberal education, attending the schools of his native city, and later Asbury University, Greencastle, Ind., from which he graduated. He began his mercantile career on his own account in Elwood, Ind., and remained there several years. He then returned to New Castle and opened a stove and tin store, and a few years later went to Indianapolis and engaged in the same business. He subsequently returned to New Castle, and was appointed Cashier of the First National Bank, of which he was a Director, retaining the position until his death. He was a man of excellent judgment and strict business integrity. His judicious investments were the means of accumulating a good property. He was a public-spirited man, and an earnest advocate of all measures of benefit to the county. He was one of the principal instigators of and stockholders in the Dublin and Cadiz pikes. Mr. Powell was married in June, 1855, to Ella Yan Winkle. She lived but a short time^ after her marriage, and in March, 1858, he married Mary J. Taylor, of Elwood, Ind., a daughter of William and Jane Taylor, natives of Yirginia, but for many years residents of Wayne and Madison counties, Ind. To Mr. and Mrs. Powell were born four children - Hattie F., Ella M., Sophronia and Fletcher. Hattie F. and Fletcher are deceased. Mr. Powell was for many years a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity. He was, as is his wife, a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was a very enthusiastic worker for the temperance cause, and was never called upon for money to aid in the work that it was not cheerfully given. He was a friend to the friendless, and in their need extended aid with a liberal hand.

John Powell^ deceased, was a native of Pennsylvania, born July 22, 1806, a son of Thomas and Nancy Powell, natives of Wales, who came to the United States in 1801 and settled in Pennsylvania. About 1815 they moved to Hamilton County, Ohio, and settled on a farm near Cincinnati, where the father died. The mother died in New Castle, Ind., in 1839. In 1824 our subject moved to Connersville, Ind., and engaged in the teaming business till 1827, when he came to New Castle, and bought two tanneries and merged them into one. He was a skilled workman, understanding all the details of his business, and was very successful, carrying it on nearly a quarter of a century. Some of his hides he imported from as far South as New Orleans. Mr. Powell was a public-spirited man, and took an interest in all measures of improvement. He was one of the projectors and contributors of the Whitewater Canal. In 1.847 he was elected to represent his count}^ in the Legislature. He was an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and a liberal contributor to her interests. At the time a debt was hanging over the church he only a short time. He afterward married Betsey Creek, a native of Union County, Ind., born Nov. 30,1813. Five of their seven children are living. At the time of the cholera in 1833 and 1849 Mr. Powell and his wife remained in town and nursed the sick, never deserting a post because of danger, deeming that to be the time their services were required. Mr. Powell died May 17, 1859, in the prime of life leaving hosts of friends and acquaintances to mourn his removal from their midst.

Fleming Ratcliff is a native of Belmont County, Ohio, born Oct. 19, 1846, the youngest of eight children of William and Sarah^ Batcliff. His father died in 1862, and he subsequently came to Henry County with his mother, locating at Spiceland. His mother died in 1880. Jan. 1, 1869, he was appointed agent of the C., C. & I. C. Bailway, retaining the position till July, 1871. In June, 1873, he became editor of the Spiceland Rejpovter and in 1876 went to Knightstown and began the publication of the Knightstown Journal. He was subsequently engaged in the land department of the Burlington & Missouri Biver Piailroad, and in February, 1880, became assistant editor of the New Castle Courier.^ continuing that relation till June 20, 1882, when he was appointed agent of the I., B. & W. Bail way. Mr. Batcliff was married June 15, 1881, to Anna M., daughter of the late Bichard J . Hubbard, of Milton, Ind. She was a teacher in the New Castle schools three years.

John Rea.,M. />., was born in Bockbridge County, Ya., Feb. 10, 1819, a son of David and Elizabeth (Adams) Bea, natives of Virginia. David Bea moved with his family to Fayette County, Ind., in the fall of 1833, and in 1843 to Cass County, where he died in 1855, his wife dying in the spring of the same year. They reared a family of eleven children, ten of whom are living. John Bea was reared on a farm, receiving only a limited education in the district school. He improved his leisure moments, however, and when nineteen years of age was qualitied to teach, a vocation he followed several years, at the same time keeping up his studies.

In March, 1844, he took charge of the New' Castle school, and the following fall began the study of medicine with Dr. Woodward, remaining with him three years, when he w'as examined before the Thirteenth District Medical Society and granted a license to practice. He first located in Middletown, in this county, in May, 1847, remaining there until November of the same year; then went to Lewisville, where he remained till 1855, when he removed to New Castle, where he has since resided. After practicing medicine eight years. Dr. Kea attended lectures at the Ohio Medical College, Cincinnati, from which he graduated in 1855. He has been a resident of New Castle nearly thirty years, and in that time has built up a large practice. He has an enviable reputation with his brother physicians, there being none whose diagnosis of disease is regarded with more favor than his. As a consequence he is often called on as counsel, especially by younger physicians, by whom he is held in high esteem. Dr. Rea was married in 1851, to Mary E. Remby, a native of Salem, Mass., born April 5, 1829, a daughter of George Remby, who before her marriage was a teacher in the Lewisville schools. To them have been born eleven children, but four of whom are living - George N., Charles L., Lizzie and Francis. George is a graduate of Ohio Medical College, and is associated in business with his father. Charles graduated in March, 1884, at the same college, and located in Rogersville, in this county. Dr. Rea has served as School Trustee twenty-four years. He and his wife are members of the Baptist church.

John M. Redding is a native of Henry County, Ind., born Feb.' 16, 1839, the eldest son of Michael and Lydia J. (Stanton) Redding, natives of North Carolina, in the spring of 1837 they came^ to Henry County, Ind., and remained two years; then returned to their native State, and remained till 1852 when they came again to Henry County, and rented land for several years, until able to purchase a home. The father died in 1876. The mother is now making her home with her youngest son, William. Of a family of twelve children, eleven grew to maturity and nine are still living. John M. received what was termed a common-school education and when eighteen years of age began teaching, following the vocation five years. In 1862 he was married to Lucy D., daughter of William and Nan c:^C lift, and soon after rented a farm where he lived five years. In 1868 he bought a portion of his present farm to which he has added, owning now 140 acres of fine land, on the New Castle and Dublin pike, two miles from the court-house. He has made the raising of hogs a specialty, and of late has turned his attention to Clydesdale horses. Mr. and Mrs. Redding have five children, one son and four daughters. Mrs. Redding is a member of the Christian church. Mr. Redding served nine months in the war of the Rebellion and is now a member of the G. A. R.

Miles Z. attorney at law, New Castle, Ind., was born in this city Feb. 6, 1832, the youngest son of Dr. Joel E-eed, and is the second oldest native-born citizen of New Castle. He was reared in his native city, attending the public schools. Subsequently attended Asbury ^University, at Greencastle, and College Hill Academy. He commenced the study of law in New Castle and soon after his admission to the bar was appointed District Attorney of the Court of Common Pleas, to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of T. B. Redding. At the next regular election he was elected to the office for a full term. In September, 1861, he enlisted as a private in the Eighth Indiana Infantry, and was discharged after the battle of Pea Ridge. In June, 1862, he again enlisted and was appointed to Battery K, First United States Light Artillery. He served in the Army of the Potomac and participated in about twenty engagements; was discharged in January, 1864. He then enlisted in the United States naval service and was assigned to the ship Malvern in the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron. He was discharged in December, 1861, and returned home and opened a law office. At the close of the war he was elected Assessor of Internal Revenue for Henry County, and subsequently served a short time in the Pension Office in Washington. In 1872 he received an appointment to teach in the Ponca tribe of Indians in Dakota Territory remaining there two years. In 1881 he founded the Richmond Enquirer^ a Democratic journal, but fifteen months after sold out and resumed his practice. He was married in 1867 to J. O. Lawhead, of Rochester, Ind. They have one daughter - Laura.

John Rhine^ of the firm Rhine, Miller & Co., proprietors of the New Castle Flouring Mills, was the founder of this valuable and much-needed industry in New Castle. The commercial standing of the city has been greatly advanced and a long-felt want has been supplied by their establishment. Mr. Rhine is a native of Indiana, born in Jaj? County, October, 1833, a son of James Rhine. When and he went into his father's mill, remaining there eleven years. He then went to Milton and was engaged in the Milton Hydraulic Mills three years, and while there the mills were burned. In 1880 he came to New Castle and built his present mills, and soon after their completion, in 1881, admitted as a partner F. G. Mills, of Montpelier, a native of Germany, and a thoroughly practical miller. The following year Spaulding Brooks, also of Montpelier, was admitted to the firm. Their mills are fitted with the latest and best machinery, and the fiour manufactured is of a superior quality. The mill has a capacity for handling 100 barrels of fiour every twenty-four hours.

Daniel Boon Ridgway is a native of Henry County, Ind., born Feb. 19, 1838, the youngest son of Noah and Nancy (Dunn) Ridgway, natives of West Virginia. They moved to Henry County in 1833, and settled in Prairie Township, where his mother died when he was eight months old, and his father in 1810. He then lived with an uncle till thirteen years of age, then a short time wdth a Mr. Reece, and with his Grandfather Dunn eighteen months. He then worked for farmers till twenty-one years of age, when he married Mary J., daughter of Benjamin and Nancy.Bales, and rented the old homestead of his father's. In 1876 he bought his present farm in Henry Township, which contains ninety-one acres of excellent land, with a good dwelling and farm buildings. He has accumulated his property by industry and economy, starting in life with nothing. He and his wife are members of the Christian church.

Ezekiel Rogers was born in Nova Scotia, Sept. 11, 1801, and died in Henry County, Nov. 12, 1883. When he was two years of age his parents moved to North Carolina. He was married in that State in 1823, to Eleanor Hins^aw, and in 1827 they moved to Wayne County, Ind., remaining there four years, when they came to Henry County and settled on the farm where his widow still lives. Of a family of eleven children nine grew to maturity and five are living. In every walk of life Mr. Rogers was an upright man and a true Christian, being for more than forty years a Class-leader in the Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs. Rogers was born in North Carolina, Dec. 11, 1799, and when coming to Indiana walked the greater part of the way. She is still hale, and, for her age, very active. In the spring of 1881 she was strong enough to go to Logansport to visit two of her daughters. John C., her youngest son, resides on the home farm. He was born Feb. 20, 1841. Receiving a good education he taught several years, and then turned his attention to farming. He was married in 1872 to Almira, daughter of John B. Irwin. They have seven children, two sons and five daughters. Mr. and Mrs. Rogers are members of the Sugar Grove Methodist Episcopal church.

age of sixteen he beo:Mn to learn the carriage-maker's trade, at which he worked till he came to Indiana. In 1861 he enlisted in the Thirteenth Indiana Infantry in the three months' service. He was, for a while, in the body guard of General Fremont. The corps to which he belonged was afterward armed and equipped and put into the regular service, and took part in the battles of Pittsburgh Landing and Fort Donelson. On being discharged at the end of three months, he re-enlisted in the three years' service, and was connected with the band. When his second term of enlistment expired he joined the 100 days' service. After his discharge he returned to Springfield, where he followed his trade till 1868. He then came to Hew Castle and started a carriage manufactory, bes^inning on a small scale. He is now doing an extensive business, most ot'his work being sold from his shop, and his work is always done in a first class manner. Mr. Rodgers is President ot the New Castle Furniture Company. In 1869 he was married to Sidney, daughter of John K. Mowrer, ot New Castle. They have two children--John W. and Efiie J. Mr. Rodgers is a member ot the Odd Fellows traternity, and belongs to the Grand Army of the Republic. He is also a Knight of Pythias and a Knight of Honor.

Rev. Thomas Rogers is a native of Ireland, born Dec. 14, 1822, a son of George and Sarah (Boyce) Rogers. His parents came to the United States in the latter part of March, 1824, landing in New York City. From there went to Philadelphia, where our subject was educated. In August, 1887, they moved to Indiana and located in Richmond. When sixteen years of age our subject began teaching, and followed that vocation for ten years, in Wayne and Henry counties. In 1839 he removed with his parents to the neighborhood of Milton, Wayne County. In March, 1846, he was married to Joanna Willi ts. daughter of Elisha Willils, an early settler of Wayne County. Soon after his marriage he settled on a farm on Flatrock, in Flenry County, and remained there three years, teaching fifteen months of the time in the Seminary at New Castle, five miles from his home. In 1849 he removed to New Castle, and Aug. 1, went into the auditor's office as Deputy for James Iliff. At the September term of 1850, Mr. Ilift* resigned and Mr. Rogers was appointed to fill the unexpired term of six months. He was elected Auditor of the county for a term of five years, commencing March 1, 1851. The Constitution clianged the time to four years, and the date of assuming the duties of the office to Nov. 1, and on that date, 1855, his successor took ihe place. He was retained as Deputy by J. S. Ferris eight years. He was again elected Auditor serving from JSTov. 1, 1863, to 'Nov. 1, 1867, and then served as Deputy to S. S. Bennett two years, making a total service of twenty years in the office, either as Auditor or Deputy. Feb. 16, 1863, Mr. Rogers was licensed a local preacher of the Methodist Episcopal church by Rev. O. Y. Lemon, Presiding Elder of the district. April 18, 1869, he was ordained a Deacon at Richmond, Ind., by Bishop Simpson, and April 20, 1873, was ordained Elder b}- Bishop Merrill, at Logansport. He has a fine farm of 253 acres, a mile west of Hew Castle, on which he has erected a large two-story brick residence, where he lives in quiet and peace. He often visits neighboring towns to fill vacancies made by absent pastors, and also attends to many appointments of his own. He has probably officiated at more weddings than any other minister in the county. He has served as Schojl Examiner five years, and was the first County Superintendent elected under the present school law.

John W. Roof^ eldest son of Samuel and Dorothy Roof, was born in Rockingham County, Ya., June 6, 1821. Among the picturesque scenery of the Shenandoah Yalley he spent his early days, with incidents familiar to childhood; falling in the vats of his father's tannery, or pursuing the finny tribe beyond his depths in the sparkling waters of the Shenandoah, and to be resurrected from one or the other of these liquid graves, '' more dead than alive," was no uncommon occurrence. When he was fourteen years of age the family moved to Wayne County, Ind., Hov. 1, 1835. The country was very new, the influx of immigration so great that an empty house was scarcely to be obtained, the family very poor, the winter, then upon them, very severe, so that to the eldest boy fell a man's portion in assisting to keep the wolf from the door. However, in March, 1837, the family moved to New Castle, Henry County, and while many privations and incessant toil were to be endured, brighter days came, bringing their reward. In the spring of 1839 the first buildings for county offices were to be erected, and the boy, willing and ready to earn an honest penny, carried the mortar which cemented the brick. The only way then to receive goods and groceries from Cincinnati and dispose of the two principal products of the farmer, wheat and hogs, was to "wagon through," with four and six horse teams. John was employed by Wesley Goodwin, a large land-holder, to drive his team, and numerous trips were made during the year to and from the city. At one time nearing Cincinnati with a heavy ladened wagon, the rain falling all day, and freezing until everything was covered with ice, in attempting to mount his saddle horse he fell, the wagon crushing his feet and breaking his leg. Imagination cannot conceive of sufferings heroically endured through the long months necessary for the healing process, and the pain yet attending, at times, the broken parts. With a brave heart, as soon as he was able he renewed his contract with his employer, Mr. Goodwin. In course of time, by industry and economy, he bought eighty acres of heavily timbered land, ^st of jlewjgastle. Adjoining it was an eighty, owned by a prepossessing young lady named Stout. Accordingly, May 4, 1848, he married Miss Marietta Stojit, daughter of John and Elizabetlff Stout, w-ho died of cholera in 1833, and were buried in the same grave. In the spring of 1853 the 160 acres of timbered land, with some clearing on it, was sold and a farm of 160 acres, foujr miles west of Hew Castle, was purchased, to which he has added thirty-five acres, making a verv desirable farm, supplied with stock water. They have an excellent house and comfortable farm buildings. Mr. Roof makes a specialty of breeding Clydesdale horses, and owns some of the finest animals in the county. Mr.