Henry County, Indiana - Chapter 17, 1906 (part 1 of 2)

Chapter 17

Biographical Sketches of Captain David William Chambers and Family - Corporal Harvey Brown Chew and Family - Corporal Thaddeus Harrison Gordon and Family - Private Willia?>i Cartwright Hall and Family - Corporal James Iven Newby and Family - Corporal Nathan Nicholson and Family - Captain Pyrrhus Woodward and Family.

This chapter is made up entirely of biographical sketches of Henry County soldiers who served in the 36th Indiana Infantry, viz : David W. Chambers, Captain of Company D; Harvey B. Chew, Corporal of Company D; Thaddeus H. Gordon, Corporal of Company F ; William C. Hall. Private of Company A ; James I. Newby, Corporal of Company D; Nathan Nicholson, Corporal of Company C; Pyrrhus \\^oodward. Captain of Company C.

Henry County was more fully represented in the 36th Indiana than in any other regiment, having four full companies in the organization, viz : Company A, from Lewisville ; Company C, from New Castle ; Company D, from Greensboro and New Castle; and Company K, from Blountsville and Knightstown. The county was also represented by a greater or lesser number of men in five other companies of the regiment, and counting soldiers from other counties of the State, who moved to Henry County after the Civil War, the county was represented in every company of the regiment.

William Grose, Colonel of the regiment, attained distinguished honors during the war, being the only Henry County soldier to reach the rank of a general officer, but the regiment furnished two colonels to the service: Adjutant George W. Lennard, who became Colonel of the 57th Indiana Infantry, and Captain ]\Iilton Peden, who became Colonel of the 147th Indiana Infantry.

This regiment counted its dead on nearly all the great battlefields of the West and, at the end of three years' arduous service, returned home with decimated ranks but with glory enough for all. In peace our citizen soldiery have been no less distinguished, and the company rolls of the old 36th display the names of many who since the war have achieved civil honors.

Biographical Sketch Of Damd William Chambers Legislator And Lawyer

The Chambers family of New Castle and Henry County had its original home in Clackmananshire, Scotland, where its progenitors. Alexander Barn Chambers and Isabella Lamb, were born, the former at Alloa, in the last years of the eighteenth century, and the latter at New Sauchie, on January i, 1800, the opening year of the marvelous nineteenth century. There, both grew to maturity and were married in the year 1825, and there were born to them two sons, namely, David, the first, and Robert Mason Chambers.

Alexander B. Chambers was, at an early age, apprenticed to learn the trade of a machinist and engine builder, and with the usual thoroughness of the Scottish character, he mastered this trade in every detail. At the end of his apprenticeship, he became a journeyman machinist, working at his trade in Scotland until his emigration to America.

The tide of emigration from the British Isles, which in the preceding century had carried many sturdy, self-reliant sons of Scotland to the new world, steadily increased in volume during the nineteenth century, and from his own shire had gone a kinsman of his wife, whose favorable reports of the new land and its wonderful opportunities, fired the imagination of young Chambers and determined him to seek a new home in America. He took passage for himself and family on a sailing vessel, June 3, 1829, and, heart beating high with hope, started for "The land of the free and the home of the brave." The voyage to New York lasted eight weeks and was uneventful but tedious beyond comparison.

From New York, INIr. Chambers and family journeyed by canal and wagon to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where they arrived in the summer of 1829. Thence they descended the Ohio River by boat, reaching Cincinnati, Ohio, in the Fall of the" same year. Into this new cit}' and new home, the Qiambers family came as strangers. Facing the conditions cheerfully, here they made their home and Mr. Chambers' skill in mechanics soon brought him ample employment and high pay. He continued at Cincinnati until 1835, when, sufficient means having been saved by proverbial industry, frugality and economy, it was determined to invest his savings in land. Accordingly, Mr. Chambers purchased a farm in Union County, near Philomath, Indiana, where he soon afterwards moved his family. In 1839 ^^ purchased another farm near Liberty, in the same county, and soon moved his family to that point. He, however, continued to go back and forth, working at his trade in Cincinnati until 1847, having during this whole period been in the employment of a single firm. He was now the owner of nearly two hundred acres of highly improved land, the possessor of much personal property and had money safely invested.

In 1847 1''^ sold his land and other property, in Union County and in February, 1848, moved to New Castle, Henry County, Indiana. At that place, joining with the late Alexander Michael, they together, erected and for a number of years successfully operated the first steam saw mill ever built in the count}'. One or two efforts to erect such a plant had been previously made but failure had been the result in each case. Xo doubt, the success of Chambers and ]\lichael was due to the mechanical knowledge of the senior member of the firm. This mill, during its existence, stood about two hundred feet due south of the present corner of Indiana Avenue and Eleventh Street, and was for many years a landmark to the citizens of New Castle. The boiler of the mill was a very long one. taken from a sunken steamboat in the Ohio River, near Cincinnati, and brought to New Castle on a wagon hauled by a ten-horse team. Its arrival on a hot Sunday in the Summertime was probably one of the most noted events in the New Castle of that time and was apparently welcomed by every man, woman and child within the corporate limits of the town. This saw mill was operated until about the close of the Civil War, when the boiler and other machinery was sold to a Mr. Wilson who moved it to Spiceland.

April 16, 1850, Mr. Chambers went overland to the goldfields of California. He returned in 185 1, by the Nicaragua route, and arrived home, November 15, of that year. During his absence in California, his son. Robert M. Chambers, had managed the mill and its afifairs to the entire satisfaction of his father. On September 2, 1853, Mr. Chambers purchased the interest of his partner, Alexander Michael, and thereafter, until the sale of the mill to ]\Ir. Wilson, it was operated by himself and his son. Robert M. After the sale of the mill. ^Ir. Chambers gave his whole attention to his farm property, having acquired after his arrival in New Castle, about three hundred acres of land, situate a short distance south of the town.

Alexander Barn Chambers died October 7, 1867. He was a splendid type of the blood and brawn of Bonnie Scotland, a country which he never ceased to love, and he possessed all the mental acuteness characteristic of the Scot. He had, however, not only transplanted his home to the new world but his political allegiance as well, and was a loyal American, taking a deep interest in the welfare of his adopted land and keeping fully advised of current events. He was a well informed man and, when occasion demanded, could forcibly express his opinions and sentiments upon any question in which he was interested. His wife was his meet companion. She was a noble, charitable, Christian woman, devoted to her husband and her family, a good friend and a good neighbor. She preceded her husband to the grave, dying June 18, i860, and the remains of both now He side by side in South Mound Cemetery, New Castle.

It has been mentioned that two of the children of this couple were born in Scotland. All but two of the other children were born in Union County, Indiana. They were as follows : Isabella, born in Cincinnati. Ohio, married to Seth S. Bennett, October 7, 1874, now deceased ; Elizabeth, born in Cincinnati, married to James Atkinson, of Pensacola, Florida, November 18, 1888; David William, the subject of this sketch ; Mary Catharine and James Alexander, both deceased.

David William Chambers

David William Chambers, born ^larch 19, 1836, near Philomath, Union County, Indiana, was so named after a paternal uncle who, during the Napoleonic wars, had been a soldier in the Peninsular Campaign in Spain and Portugal, under the Duke of Wellington. This uncle received a medal for valor in that campaign, he bequeathed to his nephew and namesake, by whom it is cherished and carefully preserved. David W. Chambers led the usual life of a country lad, working on his father's farm in Summer and attending school in Winter. He came to New Castle with his parents in 1848, being twelve years old at that time. There lie became a student in the old Seminary, which afterwards became the New Castle Academy, taught by Russell B. Abbott and James S. Ferris. The school was one of the best in Henry County, or for that matter in Eastern Indiana, and young Chambers continued in the school from 1850 to 1855, coming mainly under the care of Mr. Abbott, a superior teacher, and between the two grew up a strong attachment. Under these accomplished tutors, he was so far advanced in his studies that he was able to enter the Sophomore class of Indiana State University, at Bloomington, in the second term of the years 1855-6. He graduated from that institution in July, 1858.

Among Mr. Chambers' companions and classmates at the University, was a young man of great promise, from Vandalia, Illinois, named Lucien Greathouse, Avho achieved distinction in the Civil War, having advanced from a private soldier, through all the intermediate ranks, to Colonel of the 48th Illinois Infantry. He was instantly killed, July 22, 1864, while leading his regiment in the Atlanta Campaign, "aged twenty two years, one month and fifteen days." At the time he was killed, he was endeavoring, with his regiment, to fill a gap made by the Confederates, at the point where General McPherson met his tragic death. Another classmate, who afterwards attained great prominence in Illinois, was William M. Springer, who, for twenty consecutive years, represented the Springfield (Illinois) district in Congress, his service ending March 3, 1895.

After graduating from the University, Mr. Chambers began to read law under the late General William Grose. He spent the Winter of 1858-9, teaching at what was known as the Union Seminary, three miles and a half northeast of Knightstown, taking the place of the now venerable Isaac Kinley, who was then absent, occupying his seat in the State Senate, at Indianapolis. Again in the Winter of 1859-60, he was teaching school at Lewisville. The remainder of his time was spent in acquiring his profession in the office of General Gross. In i860 he took an active part in the great political campaign which resulted in the election of Abraham Lincoln to the Presidency of the United States, for whom he cast his first Presidential vote.

Mr. Chambers was, at that time, not only a leader of public sentiment, he was even in advance of it. He was an avowed abolitionist and advocated war as the only means of wiping out the traffic in human beings. Like word, like deed. When the war came, he was ready and, at the first call of the President for volunteers, he assisted in organizing what became Company B, 8th Indiana Infantry (three months), and was mustered into the service of the United States, as a private, April 25, 1861. He was present with his regiment at the battle of Rich Mountain, West Virginia, July 11, 1861, and was mustered out with the regiment. August 6, 1861. Soon afterwards, he joined with Isaac Kinley and others in recruiting and organizing what became Company D, 36th Indiana Infantry. He was enrolled as First Lieutenant of the company, August 26, 1861, and was mustered into the service of the United States, September 16, 1861. He was later promoted Captain of the company and mustered as such, November 27, 1862. He was mustered out with the regiment, September 21, 1864.

The history of the "Old Thirty Sixth" is the mihtary history of Captain David W. Chambers. He took part in all the marches, skirmishes and battles of that famous regiment, the field of service extending from Shiloh, Tennessee, April 6-7, 1862, to the fall of Atlanta, Georgia, September 2, 1864, thus participating in the battles of Shiloh, Siege of Corinth, Perryville, Stone's River, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Lookout Mountain and all the battles of the Atlanta Campaign. At the battle of Shiloh, on the second day of the engagement, he was wounded by a piece of bursting shell striking him on the right side of the head, which rendered him wholly unconscious, being carried off the field. The scar from this wound still remains. At Chickamauga, Georgia, on the second day of that fierce battle, September 20, 1863, the command of the regiment devolved on Captain Chambers, after Colonel Cary, Major Trusler and two captains, ranking him, had been disabled. While in command of the regiment, his horse was shot under him and he, himself, wounded in the left shoulder. Afoot and undaunted, he retained command of the regiment until it reached Chattanooga. Captain Chambers' record as a soldier is without a blemish. He was strict in the performance of duty, rigid in discipline, but earnestly solicitous for the proper care and comfort of the men in his command.

In 1864, while still in the army. Captain Chambers was nominated by the Republicans of Henry County for member of the lower house of the General Assembly of Indiana. He was elected and sat in the session which convened in January, 1865. He was a warm supporter of Governor Morton and favored all measures which aimed at the suppression of the Civil War, and was an enthusiastic supporter of the thirteenth amendment to the constitution, abolishing slavery. At the close of the session of the General Assembly, Governor Morton tendered Captain Chambers a commission as Lieutenant Colonel of the 147th Indiana Infantry.

So well were the constituents of Captain Chambers pleased with his legislative record in the session of 1865, that they elected him in 1866 to represent them in the General Assembly which convened in Indianapolis in January, 1867. At this session he voted for Oliver P. Morton for United States Senator and was a member of the committee on education, a subject in which he always took a lively interest. In 1867 he was elected Prosecuting Attorney for the circuit presided over by the late Judge Joseph S. Buckles, of Muncie, and later by the late Judge Joshua H. ]\Iellett, of New Castle, which included the counties of Henry, Delaware, Grant and Hancock. At the expiration of this term, he was re-elected and because of a change in the law, abolishing annual elections, he served, in all, five years as Prosecuting Attorney, with characteristic zeal and fidelity. Since his retirement from that office, he has been a practicing attorney at New Castle.

From the day of its organization up to 1872, Captain Chambers had always been a high exponent of the principles of the Republican party, but in that year, with many other influential Republicans throughout the country, he identified himself with the Liberal Republican movement, and was a delegate to the convention at Cincinnati, Ohio, which nominated Horace Greeley, of New York, for President, and B. Gratz Brown, of Missouri, for Vice President. From this time Captain Chambers became closely identified with the Democratic party for twenty years. In 1876 he was the candidate of that party for Congress from the sixth district and ran far ahead of his ticket, being defeated by his Republican opponent, the late

]\lilton S. Robinson, by only two hundred and seventy-six votes, running over eight hundred votes ahead of the State ticket. In 1880 he was the Democratic nominee for Presidential elector of his district. For four years he was a member of the Democratic State Central Committee, and from 1883 to 1889, he was a member of the School Board of New Castle, being the only Democrat, in a period of thirty years, to sit on that board. During this period, the East or "Christian Ridge" school house was built, and it was mainly owing to his efforts, that this handsome structure was surrounded by five acres of ground, instead of a half acre, as was originally intended. That once bare ground is now well covered with trees and shrubbery and is a place of pleasure and comfort to the children, to the surrounding homes and to the town of New Castle. While Captain Chambers was on the board, the grounds around the site of the "Old Seminary" were also enlarged to their present dimensions. For a period of four years ( 1885-9) he was a trustee of the State Deaf and Dumb Asylum, at Indianapolis, a position to which he had been appointed by the late Governor Isaac P. Grav, and it Was at this time that the institution was greatly enlarged and improved. At the same time, he continued to be a member of the New Castle School Board, and he gave to the affairs of each, its full time and attention.

Captain Chambers acted with the Democratic party until 1892, when he voted against Grover Cleveland for the Presidency, his ballot being cast, in that election, in favor of the jwpulist nominee, James G. Weaver. In 1896, and again in 1900, he supported William Jennings Bryan for the Presidency, but since 1902 he has supported the Republican party, for many reasons, the chief one, perhaps, being his approval of the government policy relating to the Philippine Islands, he, himself, being an avowed advocate of expansion and a hearty endorser of the principal, "Keep what we have and get more if we can."

On December 11, 1865, Captain Chambers was united in marriage with Emma Hannah Bundy, daughter of Major Martin L. and Mrs. Amanda Bundy. the wedding ceremony being performed at the home of the bride's parents, by the Reverend Russell B. Abbott, a former honored teacher of bride and groom, and then a minister of the Presbyterian Church. Mrs. Chambers was born December II, 1841, in New Castle. She was educated in the schools of that place and at the Ohio Female College, College Hill, near Cincinnati, Ohio, which she attended from January, 1858, to June, i860.

To the union of David William Chambers and Emma Hannah (Bundy) Chambers were born three children, namely : ]\Iary Catharine, now the wife of Dr. Oliver J. Gronendyke, one of New Castle's leading physicians ; Walter Scott, editor, proprietor and publisher of the New Castle Democrat, and Lillian. Walter and Lillian were educated in the local schools and at the Indiana State University, Bloomington, where the former spent two years and the latter graduated in the class of 1905. Walter also spent one year in the Wisconsin State University, at Madison.

James Alexander Chambers, brother of Captain David W. Chambers, was a soldier of the Civil War. He enlisted in Company B, 139th Indiana Infantry, and was mustered into the service of the United States, as a private, June 5, 1864. He was later appointed a Corporal of this company and was mustered out with the regiment, September 29, 1864.

Seth S. Bennett, who married Isabella Chambers, eldest sister of Captain Chambers, was also a soldier of the Civil War. He enlisted in Company C, 128th Indiana Infantry, and was mustered into the service of the United States, as a Musician, December 15, 1863, and was mustered out. May 26, 1865. After the war, he was Auditor of Henry County for eight years, after which he went to Florida and settled near Enterprise, where on November 20, 1887, he died of yellow fever, and ten days later, November 30, 1SS7, his death was followed by that of his wife, who died of the same dread disease.

Captain David W. Chambers is an Odd Fellow, being- a member of Fidelity Lodge, No. 59, New Castle, since March, 1866. He is also a charter member of George W. Lennard Post, No. 148, Grand Army of the Republic, New Castle. Mr. and ]\Irs. Chambers are both members of the Presbyterian Church.

Distinguished in the Civil War by valor and fidelity to his cause, honored in peace by the confidence and esteem of the community in which he lives, respected in private life for his sincerity and honesty, Captain Chambers may be said to have had as well rounded a career as any citizen of Henry County. The old homestead of the Chambers family in New Castle, built by Alexander Barn Chambers in 1849, is still standing, and there Captain Chambers has lived continuously, except the first year after his marriage, from that time to the present.

Biographical Sketch Of Harvey Brown Chew County Commissioner And Farmer

The parents of Harvey Brown Qiew were William Chew (born February 14, 1816; died October 14, 1901) and Mary (Brown) Chew (born October 4, 1816; died September 28, 1886). The father was a native of North Carolina and the mother of Clinton County, Ohio. They were married at Wilmington, Clinton County, Ohio, October 13, 1835. Both are buried in the Friends' Cemetery, at Clear Springs, Henry County, Indiana.

Ephraim Chew, the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born in Virginia, June 6, 1790, and his wife, Rachel (Knight) Chew was born in North Carolina, January 12, 1791. They were married September 14, 18 14, and were the parents of eight children, William Chew being the eldest.

William and Mary (Brown) Chew were the parents of the following children : Cynthia Ann, now the widow of Samuel Mills, living in Madison County, Indiana, near Middletown, Henry County ; Rachel ; Jane ; Lydia Ellen ; Harvey Brown; Morris R. ; Miles, who lives at Kennard ; William H., living north of Wilkinson, in Hancock County ; Mary, now Mrs. David Casey, living near Shirley. Lydia Ellen and Morris R., both deceased, are buried at Clear Springs.

This family emigrated from North Carolina to Clinton County, Ohio, settling near Wilmington, about the year 1820, and lived at that point until 1836. After the marriage of William, the whole family removed to Indiana and located in Spiceland Township, Henry County, near the old Stone Quarry Mill, on Blue River. Ephraim Chew was a practical farmer and soon after coming to the State bought land. Himself and wife died a little pior to the beginning of the Civil War and are buried in Elm Grove Cemetery, west of Spiceland, in Wayne Township. William Chew first established a home of his own near Ogden but afterwards moved to Greensboro Township, in 1851, and settled on a farm, a half mile west of the present town of Kennard. He was a public spirited man, highly esteemed and did much to build up and advance the interests of the community. He served as a Justice of the Peace for almost a quarter of a century. In politics he was first a Whig and when that party ceased to exist, he became an active and aggressive Republican. He cast his first vote for William Henry Harrison, for President, in 1840. Himself and wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church to which denomination they were sincerely devoted. During the Civil War, he embraced every opportunity to aid and support the local, State and National administrations, and in every way in his power sustained the cause of the Union.

Harvey Brown Chew

Harvey Brown Giew was born on his grandfather's farm, near the Stone Quarry Mill, October 28, 1843. From early youth, he labored on the farm, until the breaking out of the Civil War. He was possessed of a limited education, obtained mostly at the Elm Grove and Ogden schools, and the country school at Poplar Grove, located then al3out where the town of Kennard now stands. He was nearly eighteen years old when the war began, and he entered the army and was mustered into the service of the United States, at Camp Wayne, Richmond, Indiana, as a private in Company D, 36th Indana Infantry, September 16, 1861. From Camp Wayne,-Jie was transferred with his regiment to Kentucky and at New Haven, in that State, in December, 1861, he was stricken down with the measles and sent to the hospital' at that place, but was subsequently taken to Hospital Number Four, at Louisville. In the meantime his regiment had moved to Nashville, Tennessee, where Private Chew, after his recovery, rejoined the command March 16, 1862, the day before the regiment started on its march to what proved to be the battle of Shiloh, in which engagement, on April d-y, 1862, he with his regiment participated.

He was with his regiment at the Siege of Corinth and marched with it through Northern Alabama and back into Tennessee and thence through all its hard marches, skirmishes and battles to Louisville, Kentucky, and finally, during the pursuit of General Bragg, took part in the battle of Perryville, on October 8, 1862, and on October 17, 1862, while his company was in the advance line of the army, as skirmishers, in the Wildcat Mountains of Kentucky, he was wounded, early in the morning, in the left leg, the ball passing through the calf of the leg, half way between the ankle and the knee. He was again sent to the hospital, first at Danville, then at Louisville, Kentucky, and next at New Albany, Indiana, where he remained until able to rejoin his regiment, January 13, 1863, at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, soon after the battle of Stone's River. Private Chew, except for the causes above noted, was never absent from the regiment during his entire service, and the history of the regiment, as recorded and published in the preceding chapter of this work, is the military history of Harvey Brown Chew. During his army service, he was appointed Corporal and was mustered out as such, September 21, 1864. .

After leaving the service, he returned home to enjoy a well-earned rest, but realizing the urgent need of men in the army, he soon re-enlisted in Company E, 9th Regiment, First Army Corps, U. S. Veteran Volunteers, commonly called "Llancock's Corps," on March 17, 1865. He was mustered out March 16, 1866. His regiment was stationed at Washington, until after the surrender of General Lee, when it was transferred to Indianapolis.

The war being over, Corporal Chew returned to his home and resumed the life of a farmer. He made his home with his father until his marriage, when he set up in business for himself. He purchased forty acres of land near his present home, one mile west of Kennard, in 1867, but in 1874, moved to Missouri and located in Jasper County, where he farmed until 1877, when he returned to Henry County. Indiana, and bought eighty acres of land, which is a part of the tract of two hundred and fifty six acres which he now owns. This farm is one of the best within the confines of Henry County. It is well improved and highly cultivated. The home is a handsome, commodious structure in which the family live lives of comfort, peace and happiness.

Too much cannot be said in praise of the character of ]\Ir. Chew. He is a well known citizen and enjoys the esteem of everyone who knows him. He has been and is now an active participant in the affairs of his community. In politics he has been, from the organization of the party, an active Republican.

He has been County Commissioner of the county, serving three years from December, 1895. His associates -on the Board of Commissioners were Nathan Nicholson, Newton Davis, White Heaton and John W. Whit worth.

On January 10, 1867, Harvey B. Chew was married to Jennie, daughter of Jeffrey and Rhoda (Rush) Manlove. She died November 24, 1902, and her remains are at rest in Glencove Cemetery, Knightstown. To their union were born seven children, namely: Cora Myrtle, born August 19. 1869, now Mrs. William Casey, living two miles north of Kennard; Pleasant Luther, born July 2, 1872, married to Daisy Estelle, and lives a mile west of Kennard ; Rutherford, died in infancy; Lucretia May, born May 23, 1882, now Mrs. Homer C. Garriott, living near Mr. Chew, her husband being the present assessor of Greensboro Township; Olive Austa, born February 15, 1885, now Mrs. Roy Ehrman, of Kennard; Aurie Alice, born March 27, 1887; Shellanna, born December 8, 1890. Mr. Chew is justly proud of his family and has endeavored to give them the best education possible, thus fitting them to adorn any society and to preside over any home. Two or more of the daughters are accomplished musicians. Mr. Chew has been twice married, his second wife being Mrs. Lillie Maude Houk, of Kennard, to whom he was married February 4, 1904. Homer C. Garriott, husband of Lucretia May Chew, served as a private in Troop D, 8th Cavalry, U. S. A., from June 12, 1899, to August 12, 1899, when he was discharged for disability.

The Alanlove family is a very old one in Henry County. Jeffrey ]\IanIove, the father of Mrs. Jennie (Manlove) Chew, entered land in the western part of Greensboro Township in 1836, and the family continued to reside in the same locality until about 1869, when they moved to Jasper County, ^lissouri. where they lived the balance of their lives.

Charles Manlove, a member of Company D, 36th Indiana Infantry, was a brother of Mrs. Jennie Chew. He served three years in the army. After the war, he moved to Missouri, where he was killed by a stroke of lightning.

The name of Manlove, in the early days of the settlement of Western Henry County, was a very familiar one. A long time ago, they built and operated a mill, a quarter of a mile south of the present site of Kennard, which was for many years a landmark and known far and wide as the "Manlove ^lill." Even to this day, reference is frequently made to the ''Manlove Neighborhood."

Biographical Sketch Of Thaddeus Harrison Gordon Mechanic And Manufacturer

One of the most active and energetic business men of Henry County, Indiana, is the well known Thaddeus Harrison Gordon. He was born in Hancock Count}-, Maryland, July 30, 1837, at the family home on the banks of the historic Potomac River. He was the son of Robert and Sarah Elizabeth (Broshes) Gordon, his father being a native of Franklin County, Pennsylvania, and his mother a native of Washington County, Maryland.

Genealogically the Gordon family is traced to Scotland where it is said the clan Gordon, about the year 1600, became involved in the political troubles of that period and many of the clan were driven from that country into Ireland. From the latter country, more than a century later, in the year 1726, three Gordon brothers, Hanse, James and Robert, emigrated to America. One of these brothers settled in Pennsylvania, another in North Carolina and the third in. Georgia. Among the descendants of the Georgia branch of the family was the famous statesman and soldier, John B. Gordon, who was a second cousin of the father of Thaddeus H. Gordon.

The first house built in Waynesborough, Franklin County, Pennsylvania, was. erected by Hanse Gordon who, on coming to America, had settled in that State. and it is worthy of note that this old home of the Gordons is still standing. This ancestor of the Pennsylvania Gordons had a son also named Hanse, who was the grandfather of the subejct of this sketch. Little can be gleaned from the records with regard to his life but while taking no conspicuous part in the Revolutionary- War, it is known that he did valiant service during the war of 1812-1815.

Robert Gordon, the third in line of descent in this country, and the father of Thaddeus H. Gordon, came to Indiana at an early day. He passed overland through Pennsylvania to Wheeling, Virginia ; thence by boat down the Ohio- River to Cincinnati ; thence by wagon to Richmond and thence to Hagerstown. Wayne County, where he resided for a number of years. He was a leader in the old Whig party until the dissolution of that organization when he became an active Republican. In 1846 and again in 1847, Robert Gordon was elected torepresent Wayne County in the General Assembly and during his service in that: body assisted in framing and enacting the law establishing the school system oF Indiana. He had an extensive acquaintance with the eminent men of- his day ancf knew Oliver P. Morton, when he was a young lawyer at Centreville, Wayne- County, and early predicted for him a great career. Mr. Gordon labored assiduously for the nomination of Alorton for Governor in 1856 and was thereafter the close personal friend of the man subsequently known everywhere as "Indiana's. Great War Governor." He also knew intimately the late Charles H. Test, John S. Newman, James Rariden, Caleb B. Smith and other equally prominent men of Eastern Indiana. Besides serving for several terms as State Representative,. ]\Ir. Gordon also filled other positions of trust and responsibility. Shortly after the close of the Civil War, Robert Gordon and his wife moved to Callao, Macoit Countv, Missouri, where Mrs. Gordon died in the vear 1866 and where her remains are interred. After this bereavement, Mr. Gordon returned to Indiana and died at the age of seventy-eight years at IndianapoHs where his remains he buried in beautiful Crown Hill Cemetery.

Three of Robert Gordon's sons were soldiers in the Civil War. Robert P. Gordon enlisted first in Company I, 8th Indiana Infantry (three months) and was mustered into the service of the United States, as a private, April 25, 1861. He was mustered out of this regiment August 6, 1861. He again enlisted in Company F, 36th Indiana Infantry, and was mustered into the service of the United States, as Sergeant, September 16, 1861. He was afterwards promoted to the First Lieutenancy of the company November 5, 1863, and mustered out with the regiment, September 21, 1864. After the war, he removed to Macon County, Missouri. There in 1867 he married Fannie Shackelford, daughter of Colonel Shackelford, of the Confederate service, and has identified himself with the interests of that community, where he continues to reside. Henry C. Gordon, another son, enlisted in Company B, 19th Indiana Infantry, and was mustered into the service of the United States, as Musician, July 29, 1861. At the end of this first enlistment, he re-enlisted as a veteran and continued to serve with the same organization until it was consolidated with the 20th Indiana Infantry, when he was transferred to the non-commissioned staff of the latter regiment as Principal Musician. He was mustered out of the service October 19, 1864. After the Civil War he removed to Callao, Macon County. Missouri. In 1868, while at Callao, he married Martha Lovren, daughter of Major Lovren, of the Confederate service. Later, he removed to Pueblo, Colorado, where himself and family have since resided. The military services of the third son are fully related below\

Ihaddeus Harrison Gordon

Thaddeus Harrison Gordon, when but six years old, came with his parents from Maryland to Hagerstown, Indiana. At the age of sixteen, he was apprenticed to Sol Horney and El wood Patterson of Richmond, Wayne County, Indiana, to learn the trade of plowmaker. He served four years as apprentice, receiving in addition to instruction in the business, his board and washing, and forty dollars for the first and second years^ fifty dollars for the third and sixty dollars for the fourth and last year. Many incidents of his apprenticeship foreshadow the energy and resolution displayed by him in later years.

After the expiration of his apprenticeship, Mr. Gordon worked at his trade as a journeyman for some ten or twelve months, at the end of which period, having saved eighty five dollars, he went with his mother on a visit to the old Maryland home.

From 1858 to 1861 Mr. Gordon in company with William Plummer operated a blacksmithing shop in Hagerstown, Wayne County. After the Civil War began, Thaddeus H. Gordon enlisted in Company F, 36th Indiana Infantry, and was mustered into the service of the United States, as Corporal, September 16, 1861. He served with this regiment and participated in its marches, skirmishes and battles until April 18, 1863, when he was honorably discharged because of disability. When he had somewhat improved in health after his return home from the army, he was appointed by Major Kinley as a Deputy Provost ^Marshal for

In 1866 Mr. Gordon became a resident of New Castle and there resumed the trade of blacksmithing a't which he was an adept. He followed this with success until 1873, since which time he has been mostly engag-ed in trading and looking after his various investments. He is interested in mines in Colorado and Arizona and from them derives a substantial part of his income. He owns the farm immediately adjoining the corporation of New Castle on the northwest, which is the most desirable part of what has been known as the Asahel Woodward farm since the first settlement of the county. It was largely through his influence that the Safety Shredder Company, one of New Castle's chief industries, was located at that place, Mr. Gordon being a stockholder of the company and at the inception of the enterprise, its vice-president and manager. He was one of the original stockholders of the Citizens' State Bank of New Castle which is now one of the leading financial institutions of Eastern Indiana. As a real estate trader, Mr. Gordon has been uniformly successful and is the owner of much desirable city property in New Castle. Richmond and Indianapolis. He is a practical mechanic and a natural born trader and speculator. He has made plows and wagons in New Castle and Hagerstown, buggies in Richmond and has been a dealer in hardware, agricultural implements and general merchandise. In a word, Mr. Gordon is what is termed a good* all around business man. When he was but twenty two years old, he began to make exhibits at fairs and at the first Indiana State Fair in 1856, he took four first premiums and four diplomas on plows of his own construction. At the State Fair of 1857, he again captured two first and two second premiums.

Several years ago, Mr. Gordon in company with Joseph C. Ratcliff and Cornelius Ratcliff, under the name of the Gordon and Ratcliff Gas Company, leased the National Road (turnpike) from the Hancock County line in Indiana, through the counties of Henry and Wayne, to the Ohio State line, and various lands north of that thoroughfare. They put down a number of wells out of which sufficient gas for domestic purposes was developed and the same piped to Lewisville and Ogden in Henry County. The company at a later period sold their lease and other interests at a satisfactory profit. Mr. Gordon, on his private account, also sank a well 6n his own premises at Knightstown. He was also a member of the first gas company organized at Richmond and is likewise the owner of stock in the several companies of New Castle and vicinity.

On January i, i860, he was united in marriage with Sarah Siddall, a daughter of David Siddall, who died in 1852 while on his way home from California. David Siddall was a son of Attica Siddall, a pioneer of -Eastern Indiana, and a brother of the late Jesse P. Siddall of Richmond, Wayne County, who during his professional career was regarded as one of the best lawyers of the State. Attica Siddall was a trader, having his headquarters at Richmond, from which point he usually made trading trips down the Whitewater in a canoe to the Ohio River, down the Ohio to the Wabash and up the Wabash to Logansport for the purchase of furs. He was known far and wide as a brave and daring man and in his line did a successful business. Mrs. Gordon died October 8, 1895. To this marriage had been born five children, namely : William H., who is in the hardware business at Muncie, Indiana; George W., who is now in charge of his father's farm near New Castle; Mary EUzabeth, wife of Ralph Wagner, dealer in hardware, Knightstown ; Robert Bertie, accidentally killed at the age of fourteen, and Lulu, the youngest of the family, who died when only six months old. Mr. Gordon has one grandson and three granddaughters. The grandson is the child of George W. Gordon and is named Thaddeus Harrison Gordon, after his grandfather. November 22, 1896. ]\Ir. Gordon was married to his present wife, Mrs. Catharine Peters, widow of the late William Peters, and daughter of Samuel and Catharine ( Shuman ) Fitz. Her parents died when she *was a child, six vears old, and she was adopted by Dr. Joel Pennington, of Alilton, Wayne County, Indiana. This second marriage is without issue.

Mr. and Mrs. Gordon are both active members of the Christian Church, in which he holds the office of trustee. He is a Republican in politics but has never sought public office. He always makes it a point, however, to support any of his old soldier comrades who are seeking public preferment. He is a member of the 36th Indiana Volunteer Regimental Association; Sol Meredith Post, No. 55, Grand Army of the Republic, Richmond ; and a member of the Henry County Association of Veterans of the Civil War. Fraternally, he is a Knight Templar and a Scottish Rite or Thirty Second Degree Mason. He has attended two national conclaves of the Knights Templar and two national encampments of the Grand Army of the Republic.

Thaddeus H. Gordon may be said to have been uniformly successful in all of his undertakings. He seems intuitively to have escaped the pitfalls and snares which beset the path of the man of business. He forms a judgment quickly and is undoubtedly a man of great foresight, notablv industrious and possessed of indomitable will.

Biographical Sketch Of Williaai Cartwright Hall Teacher And Farmer

The Societv of Friends, commonly called Quakers, has always been numerous and influential in Eastern Indiana. The influx of settlers of that faith from the older States was due in large measure to their aversion to the institution of slavery, which caused many to abandon their old homes and seek the new lands of the West. This movement was especially marked among the Friends of North CaroHna and the ever rising tide of emigration from that State, during the first quarter of the last century, peopled Eastern Indiana with a sturdy, God-fearing,, liberty-loving population, the impress of whose influence is still visible throughout the eastern counties of the State and in none more than in Henry County. The ancestry of the subject of this sketch is drawn from this stock, and much of the honesty, virtue, prudence and resolution of his character may be traced to his Quaker forebears.

The grandparents of William Cartwright Hall were John and Sarah (Parker) Hall, natives of North Carolina, who moved to Indiana about the year 1818 and settled in Boston Township, Wayne County, but twelve years later moved to Henry County and settled in Dudley Township. The grandfather w^as of English and the grandmother of English-Irish descent. Both were members of the Society of Friends. John Hall entered a considerable tract of land in Dudley Township which he improved and on which himself and wife spent their remaining days. To them were born five sons and two daughters, namely : Phineas, Robert, ]\Ioses, Sarah, IMartha, John and Joseph.

Phineas, the oldest child and father of the subject of this sketch, was born in North Carolina, September 24, 18 14. and came to Indiana with his parents at the time of their settlement here as above stated. At an earl\- age he was obliged to work hard in order to contribute to the family means, but bright of mind and early developing a taste for study, by indefatigable effort, he secured a substantial education, and in early manhood became a successful teacher. He followed this profession for a number of years and was regarded as one of the most advanced and efiicient instructors in the schools of Eastern Indiana. He was a progressive man of unusual mental and bodily activity and so impressed the community with his abilities that he was soon called to a wider field. For more than twenty consecutive years, he acted as trustee of Dudley Township, without opposition, and during his incumbency of that office, he did much to promote education and erected more and better school houses than any other trustee in Henry County. He was a birthright member of the Society of Friends and during his busy life practiced the teachings and followed the precepts of that body. He was a leader of the anti-slavery forces in the count}-, active in public affairs and prominent in the church. Politically, he w^as a Whig, until that historic party ceased to exist, after which he became a strong and radical Republican. During his lifetime, he was the head of the political, social and religious life of his community and wielded as great influence for good as any man who ever lived in the southern part of Henrv County. On ^larch 7. 1839, Phineas Hall was united in marriage with

]\Iary (Cartwright) Hall, the ceremony being performed by James Miner. Justice of the Peace, and to their union were born six children, namely : William Cartwright Hall, the subject of this sketch; Robert Hall, married to Eva Ellen Butler, October 28, 1875, by the Reverend Thomas Rogers ; Amanda J. Hall, married to William C. Crawford, September 14, 1876, by Elder D. H. Gary; John M. Hall, married to Lutetia Shidler, March 17, 1870, by John M. Swafford, Justice of the Peace; Charles W. Hall, married to Clara E. Ward, daughter of Sylvanus and Lydia Ward, November 14, 1875, by John M. Swafford, Justice of the Peace ; Franklin E. Hall, married to Rosetta M. Ballard, September 9, 1 89 1, by the Reverend John G. Colter.

William Cartwright Hall

William Cartwright Hall was born June 29, 1840, and died December 27, 1899. His remains are buried in Hopewell Cemetery, Dudley Township. He was reared on his father's farm in a splendid agricultural neighborhood and became a thorough and practical farmer at an early age. He was educated at Beech Grove and Hopewell schools, both excellent educational institutions, in Dudley Township, and afterwards attended Antioch College, Ohio, then under the management of the great educator, Horace Mann. He also passed several terms at Michigan University, Ann Arbor. In the interims of study, he assisted his father on the farm. Upon the completion of his education, he took up the profession of teaching andy continued to teach until the outbreak of the Civil War.

The Halls were a patriotic family and William C. and his brother, Robert, could not resist the call to arms. Notwithstanding the position of their father as a leading member of the Society of Friends and the fact that they had been all their lives surrounded by the influences of that excellent society, which was conscientiously opposed to war, they were among the first to enlist in company A, 36th Indiana Infantry, which company was recruited by the late Captain William D. Wiles, at Lewisville. in August. 1861. W^illiam C. Hall was mustered into the service of the United States as a private, September 16, 1861, and participated in the marches, skirmishes and battles of his regiment until June 30. 1862, when he was honorably discharged because of disability. In the Winter of 1861-2, the regiment had camped at Camp Wickliffe, Kentucky, and the privations and exposure of that unusually rigorous season had undermined his health, necessitating his discharge.

After his return home from the armv, he resumed the profession of teaching which he followed until 1875. His total experience as a teacher covered seventeen terms in the schools of Lewisville, the Black Swamp, west of New Lisbon, New- Lisbon and Salem, all in Franklin and Dudley Townships.

On December 31, 1868, he was married to Eliza Jane Llawley, the ceremony being performed by the Reverend Thomas Rogers. She was born September 21, 1846, and was the daughter of Eli and Mary Ann Hawley. early settlers in the southern part of Dudley Township and who were among the best known and most progressive farmers of that locality. To this union were born four sons, one of whom, Guy Roy, died at the age of seven years. The other and remaining children are, Llewellyn P.. Lee Faye and Hawley. The surviving children are all well known and influential citizens. Llewellyn P. Plall was married to Ophelia

I. Kirkham, September 20, 1893, the ceremony being- performed by the Reverend T. H. Hench, pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Connersville, Indiana, and he now hves with his family on the old Phineas Hall homestead, a delightful place in Dudley Township. Hawley Hall was married to Linnie y\. Xugen. November 25, 1903, the ceremony being performed by the Reverend D. \"an Dyke, and they reside at their home immediately north of Lewisville. They have one son. William Nugen Hall, born October 24, 1904. Lee Faye is unmarried and abides with his mother.

At the time of his marriage, \\'illiam Cartwright Hall owned one hundred and sixty acres of land north of and within sight of Lewisville. To this he added from time to time until he was the owner of five hundred and fifty acres of the finest and most productive land in the county. The farm is a model one, well equipped in every respect, and occupying a conspicuous site within its limits, is the magnificent home of his estimable widow, Eliza Jane (Hawley) Hall. Since the death of her beloved husband, ^Irs. Hall has had practically the sole management and control of the estate and has admirably met the many tr^nng demands of the trust. Amid the multitudinous duties of her life, however, Mrs. Hall has not neglected the social features but still maintains the traditional hospitality of her home.

Mr. Hall was a member of the order of Ancien.t Free and Accepted Masons and had taken all of the degrees up to and including that of Royal Arcli Mason. He was also a member of Harmon Rayl Post, Xo. 360, Grand Army of the Republic, Spiceland, Indiana. In politics he was a steadfast Republican and took an interest in public affairs both local and national. He was not identified with any church or religious denomination but the universal testimony is that he was an earnest Christian, obedient to the Golden Rule, "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you." He was widely known for his benevolence, for his help to the needy and for his sympathy for the distressed.

He was earnest, sincere and industrious - too industrious for his physical strength and endurance. He had a heartfelt love for his family and for his neighbors and friends. He was possessed of unflinching integrity and in his dealings with his fellow men. no one could have been more honorable. Xo stain of dishonesty or overreaching darkens his life record. PTe had an abounding and commanding interest in whatever he desired to accomplish, whether for his personal advancement, the welfare of those about him or for the promotion of the public weal.

At the funeral five members of the Grand Army of the Republic acted as pall bearers, while numbers of the JNIasonic fraternity Avere present to attest their sorrow and sympathy for the loss of a brother. X^o member of either order wore uniform or insignia to distinguish him from other friends of the deceased. The funeral sermon was preached by the venerable Francis W. Thomas of the Society of Friends and was such a discourse as would be expected from the lips of one speaking of the life, character and death of a beloved friend. The funeral was largely attended by the best and most influential people of Henry, Rush and Wayne counties.

The silent dead no longer answers to the roll call but his soldier conn'ade? in testimony of their love and respect for the departed. ]Dlaced the name of the widow of William Cartwright Hall upon the roll of the 36th Indiana Regimental Association, as an honorary member, at the annual reunion of the regiment held in New Castle, September 16, 1903.

Robert Hall

Robert Hall, a younger brother of William C, was a soldier of the Civil War as briefly stated above. He enlisted at the same time as his brother in Company A. 36th Indiana Infantry, and was mustered into the service of the United States, as a private, September 16, 1861. He was a brave and faithful soldier and participated in all the marches, skirmishes and battles of his regiment, until mustered out September 21, 1864. He was wounded at the battle of Chickamauga, (~ieorgia, Se])tember ig, 1863. and his many soldierly qualities were acknowledged b\' his appointment as a corporal of his company.

William C. Crawford, who married Amanda ]. Hall, the only sister of William C, was also a soldier of the Civil W^ar. He enlisted in Company I, 69th Indiana Infantry, and was mustered into the service of the Ignited States as a private, August 19, 1862. He was discharged January 13, 1863, because of wounds received in the disastrous battle of Richmond, Kentucky, August 30. 1862. He again enlisted in Company H, 140th Indiana Infantry, and was mustered into the service of the United vStates as Musician, September 23, 1S64. He participated in the marches, skirmishes and battles of this regiment until the close of the war and was mustered out \\hh the regiment, June 14, 1865.

And Farmer

The Newby family came, originally, from Randolph County, North Carolina, the head of the family, Thomas Newby, emigrating- with his wife and children to Henry County, Indiana, in the Spring of 1827, and settling on Blue River, four miles southwest of New Castle, where he entered the following described lands :

August 21, 1827, the west half of the southwest quarter; March 7, 1829, the west half of the southeast quarter, and February 19, 1830, the east half of the southeast quarter ; the whole embracing two hundred and forty acres and all situated in township seventeen north, range ten east.

Thomas Newby, the father of the subject of this sketch, was born in North Carolina, February 5, 1794; died November 10, 1863. The mother, Sarah (Brookshire) Newby, was born in the same State, November 6, 1798; died January 13, 1879. Both of these old pioneers are buried in the cemetery at Greensboro, Henry County, Indiana. They were married in North Carolina about the year 1817, and had five children born to them in that State, nameh^: Larkin ; Abner; Jane, afterwards Mrs. Joseph Englerth, now deceased; William B., and Alfred. After their removal to Indiana, the family was increased by the birth of five other children, namely: Joshua; Charity Ann, afterwards ]Mrs. Elias IModlin. now deceased ; John W. ; James I., and Zimri S.

Thomas Newby was, all his life, a farmer, and gave a great deal of attention to the raising of fine stock, principally horses and cattle. He was a devoted member of the Friends' Church and very faithful in his attendance at the regular meetings of that denomination. Politically he was first a Whig, then a Free Soiler or Abolitionist, and afterwards an active Republican, warmly supporting the Republican ticket when the immortal Lincoln was first a candidate for President.

James Iven Newby

James Iven Newby, the subject of this sketch, was born on his father's farm. January 6, 1835. He grew to manhood on the farm and assisted in clearing the land and bringing it to its present high state of cultivation. He obtained his education in the ordinary way, within the walls of the then ordinary country school house. Before he was quite of age, he was united in marriage with Delphia D. Pearson (born February 2_|, 1838). daughter of Joseph and Sarah (Draper) Pearson, November 19, 1854. After marriage, Mr. Newby and his young wife moved to the neighborhood of Clear Springs Church, on Duck Creek, where he had previously purchased eighty acres of land and where he continued to abide until the breaking out of the war for the preservation of the Union, when he assisted in recruiting what afterwards became Company D. 36th Indiana Infantry.

He enlisted in the company himself and was mustered into the service' of the L'Uited States, as a private, at Richmond, Indiana, September 16. 1861, and accompanied the regiment into Kentucky, where at Camp \\^icklifife, in the Winter of 1861-2. his health failed and he was finall}- stricken down with typhoid fever.

In February, 1862, when the regimctit started south, he was left behind, and with others of the sick and disabled, was transferred to Nelson's Furnace, near New Haven, Kentucky. From that point he was furloughed home and did not rejoin the regiment until June, 1862, at luka, Mississippi. He was from that time never again absent from his regiment for a single day, during the period of his service. He participated in all the battles and skirmishes of the command, except the battle of Shiloh, and throughout his enlistment had the regard and esteem of his superior officers, who at an early opportunity advanced him to the grade of Corporal. His term of enlistment having expired, he was mustered out of the service, September 21, 1864, and soon after rejoined his wife, who had made her home with her parents during his absence in the army.

Prior to Mr. Newby's entry into the army, two children had been born of his marriage, yet realizing the burdens she would have to assume and also realizing that she might never see her husband again, such was her patriotism, that his wife was entirely willing for him to do his part in the great Civil War. It is noteworthy that two of his brothers, also of Company D, namely, William B. and John W., left their families tmder similar circumstances and went into the service.

Corporal James I. Newby, upon his return home from the army, at once resumed the cultivation of his farm, a business he has continued with favorable results down to the present time. His farm has been increased by purchase and otherwise until it measures two hundred and twenty acres. It is a beautiful tract of land, highly cultivated and well improved. During his farming, he has also pursued as a side occupation, the buying of live stock and shipping the same to the Cincinnati, Pittsburg and other markets.

To the marriage of James I. and Delphia D. (Pearson) Newby have been born the following children: Sarah Louise, born xA.ugust 22, 1855; died August 13, 1881 ; Mary Ella, born December 10, 1856. married December 28, 1875, to John M. Hielps, member of a well known Harrison Township family ; Irving J., born March 13, 1862, died October 18, 1864; Joseph A., born March 19, 1869; and Etta Rebecca, born November 16, 1872. Mary Ella (Newby) Phelps and her husband have two children, Clinton J., born May 5, 1876, who was married March 30, 1898, to Elsie C. (born July 27, 1876), daughter of Laban W. and Fannie C. Needham, of Chicago, Illinois ; the second child is Anna Delphia, born February 3, 1895. Joseph Abner was married August 7, 1888, to Flora, daughter of Jonathan and Mary Jane Ricks, well known in Harrison Township. They have two children, Edith I., born May 3, 1889, and Ruth Edna, born December 2. 1901. Joseph A. Newby is a resident of New Castle, Henry County, where he is engaged in the automobile, bicycle and novelty goods trade, giving especial attention to the sale of bicycles and automobiles. Etta Rebecca is the wife of John T. Oliphant. They were married July 7, 1891. and they have one child, a daughter, named Lolus, very bright and interesting, born December 12, 1893. Mr. Oliphant is the president of the Vincennes (Indiana) Bridge Company, and the family resides in that old city, the one-time capital of Indiana Territory.

The Newbys were a very patriotic family as is attested by the fact that three of the brothers as already stated, entered the army during the Civil War, namely : William B., John W. and James I. They were all members of Company D, 36th Indiana Infantry, and the military record of each is fully set forth in the preceding chapter of this History.

William B. Newby

William 15. Xewby was born April 13, 1824, and was wedded November 22, 1849, to Rachel, daughter of Josiah and Catharine Draper, who was born April 22, 1831, and died May 23, 1903. William B. Newby, her husband, died October 15, 1 901. Both are buried in the Friends' Cemetery at Spiceland, Indiana. They were the parents of the following- children : Adolphus A. ; Alpheus O., deceased ; Sarah Catharine, afterwards Mrs. Lewis Baker, now deceased ; Ida Jane, now ]\Irs. Samuel P. Hiatt, of Knightstown; Mary Louise, deceased; Eli J.; and Esse, afterwards Mrs. Thomas Copeland, now deceased. William B. Xewby was a private in Company D, 36th Indiana Infantry, and was mustered into the service of the United States, Septepiber 16, 1861. He was discharged on account of disability, November 28, 1862.

John W. Newby

John W. Newby was born April 11, 1833, and was married December 27, 1855, to Nancy J. Polk, daughter of Robert H. and Hannah Polk, both old and highly respected citizens of Greensboro Township. She was born June 2, 1835. and died April 2^, 1905, and is buried in Glencove Cemetery, Knightstown. They were blessed with two children: Mary A., now Mrs. Aranda Lytle, of New Castle; and Lulu S., now Mrs. Thomas J. Overman, residing five miles northwest of Knightstown. John \\^ Newby was a Corporal in Company D, 36th Indiana Infantry, and was mustered into the service of the United States, September 16, 1861, and discharged on account of disability, ]\Iarch 5, 1862.

Joseph Pearson, the father of Mrs. James I. Newby, was born in Wayne County, Indiana, November 7, 1816. He was the tenth child of Nathan and Huldah (Lamb) Pearson, who emigrated from Randolph County, North Carolina. a little prior to the birth of Joseph. When he was six years of age, the familv moved from near Richmond, Wayne County, to a piece of leased land, a short distance west of Cambridge City, where they resided four years. Having accumulated a little capital and added the same to the proceeds of the sale of the lease, Nathan entered eighty acres of land on Duck Creek, three miles northwest of New Castle, where he built a log cabin, which became the first home he ever owned. It was here that Joseph began life in reality. An incident of his life here, while burning brush in the "deadening," was the accidental burning of the first hat he ever owned. His father had no money with which to purchase another, so, to provide himself with a new hat, he dug ginseng and trapped muskrat and mink for their skins, which he traded to Isaac Bedsaul. New Castle's first merchant, for a "black fur hat with a green band around it."

Joseph continued with his father, helping to clear the land, planting, cultivating, and "trapping in the Fall to help along," until October 20, 1836, when he was married to Sarah Draper, daughter of Jesse and Delphia Draper, of Grant Count}-. Indiana, to which county he soon afterwards moved, settling two and a half miles east of Marion, on eighty acres, which his father had entered. On this i)lace "six acres had been deadened." He built a log cabin and a log barn.

The cabin had a puncheon floor, a door with wooden hinges and a "stick and clay chimney." Joseph and his young wife continued to Hve on this land until after making the second crop, when he "swapped"' places with his brother, Zimri Pearson, and moved back to the "old homestead in Henry County," in 1838.

To Joseph and Sarah (Draper) Pearson were born two daughters, Delphia D.. now the wife of James I. Newby, the subject of the above sketch, and Catharine, who died in infancy. Joseph Pearson was for many \'ears a prominent Henry County farmer. From about 1849, ^^^ gave a great deal of attention to the breeding of shorthorn cattle and frequently exhibited his stock at the county fairs. He was one of the very first to show a herd of cattle at the New Castle fairs, at a time when those societies had not reached their present perfection in industrial exhibits.

Joseph Pearson was thrice married, 'first, as above stated, to Sarah Draper, who died January 3, 1852; second, to Rebecca Ratliif, daughter of Richard and Caroline Ratliff, who died February 7, 1892; third, to Lydia Palmer, February 22, 1893.; she was a daughter of Elias and Lydia Newby, and the widow of the late Pearson Palmer. They lived together in '"peace and harmonv" until his death, March 7, 1903, aged eighty six years and four months.

Joseph Pearson was a birthright member of the Society of Friends and was faithful in his attendance upon its monthly and other meetings, until his marriage to Sarah Draper, who with her family belonged to the Wesleyan Methodists. He Avas then baptized into the latter church, of which, he along with the well known Aaron Worth, Allies Lamb, Emslcy Julian and others became a class leader. On his marriage to Rebecca Ratliff, she being a strict Friend, he again joined the Friends, to which society he adhered until his death. He served as overseer and elder of the church for a number of years.

Politically, he was a Whig until the dissolution of that party, when he became an active, aggressive Republican. His first vote was cast for William Henry Harrison; his last vote as a Republican was cast for Benjamin Harrison; after this he became a Prohibitionist. He was a total abstainer himself and in the early times when the jug of whisky was common at log rollings, he never took a dram, saying, "One swallow and then two, then a drunkard, which road leads to eternal destruction of the soul, to rags and the poorhouse for the body, and oftentimes to the penitentiary and to the gallows."

Joseph Pearson was a very plain, unassuming man. of economic disposition and believed that money spent for more than the proper needs of man was wasteful extravagance. He was a lover of his home and fireside ; he gave the closest attention to the labors of the farm and the care of his stock ; he was exceedingly generous and it is said of him that the poor and needy found in him a helping friend. His life is worthv of emulation.

Biographical Sketch Of Nathan Nicholson

The well known Nicholson family, now long- resident in both Henry and A\'ayne counties, came to Indiana from Guilford County, North Carolina. The head of the family in the latter State was John Nicholson, whose wife was Mary (Williams) Nicholson. This family was attracted to Indiana by the many favorable reports received from old friends and neighbors who had preceded them to the Hoosier State. John Nicholson, the grandfather, with his wife, four sons and two daughters, migrated from the "Old North State,"' and reaching Indiana in the Fall of 1826, located near Greensfork, Wayne County, about half way between Richmond and Hagerstown.

One of the sons, named Williams Nicholson, after his maternal "ancestors, was born in North Carolina, November 7, 1809. He was united in marriage with Ruth Bond, at Greensfork, May 8, 1834, and three years later purchased a farm, three miles southeast of New Castle, on the road between New Castle and Dublin, where he lived until his death, April 22, 1890. The place is well known and is distinguished as the Williams Nicholson farm. It is now owned by ]\Ir. ]\.Iartin Kinsey. Williams Nicholson, during his long and busy life in Henry County, earned and enjoyed an excellent reputation both as a farmer and a citizen. For many years, even until the time of his death, he kept a meterological record which was regularly published in the papers of the period. He was elected and served one term as County Commissioner, as is shown elsewhere in this History. ]Mrs. Ruth Nicholson, his long time helpmeet, preceded her husband to the grave by two years, dying March 9, 1888. Both of these pioneer settlers of Henry County are buried in South Mound Cemetery, New Castle.

The family of Williams Nicholson consisted of the parents and their seven children. The latter were born in the order named: Jesse, deceased; IMerritt N. ; Rachel, afterwards Mrs. John B. O'Harra, now^ deceased; Reason, deceased: Nathan, the subject of this sketch; Martha, now Mrs. Joseph Isl. Brown, her husband being the present Clerk of Henry County ; and Charles, deceased. All of the deceased are at rest in South Mound Cemetery, except Rachel, who is buried in the cemetery at Anderson, Madison County, Indiana.

Nathan Nicholson

Nathan Nicholson, the fifth child and the fourth son of ^^'illiams and Ruth (Bond) Nicholson, was born on the farm of his father, ]\Iarch 24, 1843. His experience as a boy was not materially different in character from that of other boys raised in the country. In the proper season, he helped to till the soil, doing also such other work as might be necessary and in the \\^inter attended the old fashioned country or district school.

At the opening of the Civil War, he was at the proper age for the ideal American soldier, and inspired by the patriotic zeal and loyal sentiments which he inherited from his ancestors, he determined to enter the armv then forming to preserve the Union. He enlisted in what became Company C. 36th Indiana Ins^__y/ciZ^^i^^^^cL^^^ fantry, and was mustered into the service of the United States, as a private, at old Camp Wayne, Richmond, Indiana, September 16, t86i. The history of that regiment, as set out in the preceding chapter in this History, is as fully the military history of this young soldier, as that of any other who served in his country's cause. It is a fact that from the day Private Nicholson was mustered into the army until he was mustered out as a Corporal, at Indianapolis, September 21, 1864, he never missed a day's service with his regiment. In all of the camp life of the regiment, in all of its campaigns, marches and heroic battles. Corporal Nicholson was always ready for duty. He was conspicuous in his company and regiriient in the famous battles of Shiloh, Siege of Corinth, Perryville, Stone's River, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, JNIissionary Ridge, and all the greater and minor engagements of the Atlanta campaign.

At Chickamauga, September 19, 1863, he was wounded by being struck in the forehead by a minie ball, which rendered him senseless and caused his comrades to believe that he had been killed. Happily his injury was not serious and he soon showed signs of life, whereupon he was removed to the field hospital and thence to the general hospital at Chattanooga. After a rapid recovery, he rejoined his regiment and from that time to the end rendered his usual faithful and meritorious service. As a soldier, he was prompt in the discharge of every dutv and had the full confidence of his superior officers as well as the high regard and esteem of his comrades.

Corporal Nicholson's term of enlistment having expired, he at once, after his discharge from the army, returned to the home of his parents and in the following November, 1864, took up his studies in the country school, near his father's residence. In the Summer of 1865, he worked on the farm and in the Winter of 1865-6, attended the school at New Castle, then presided over by the now venerable Reverend Henry M. Shockley, one of Henry County's best known and best qualified teachers. In the Winter of 1866-7, Mr. Nicholson himself became a teacher and taught his first school three miles east of New Castle in what was then known as the Stout neighborhood. He afterwards taught in the Devon (Liberty Township) district and subsequently, in the Winter of 1867-8, at the "Black Swamps" (Dudley Township) school, about two miles west of New Lisbon. During this last period, he boarded with the family of Samuel Leonard, and on September 24, 1868, he married Elizabeth, a daughter of Mr. Leonard, whose acquaintance he had made while a member of the family. From this time until April, 1904, when he moved to New Castle, Mr. Nicholson lived continuously within a half mile of the place where he was married.

After his marriage, he followed the life of a farmer but taught school during the Winter months, two more terms at the "Black Swamps" school and three more terms at the school in New Lisbon. In 1876-7, Professor George W. Hufford, of the New Castle schools, was county examiner, a part of whose duty it was to visit once each school in the county. This duty, however, he delegated to Mr. Nicholson, who, during those two years, made a tour of the county and visited most, if not all, of the schools.

Following the events above chronicled, Mr. Nicholson was chosen by his Dudley Township constituency as township trustee, in 1887. He was re-elected in 1889, thus serving two full terms of two years each. The duties of the office are very onerous but were discharged by him to the full and complete satisfaction of his friends and neighbors. In 1891, he was elected a county commissioner for the term of three years, and was re-elected in 1894, serving another term of three vears. The nomination for this office, in both instances, came to Mr. Nicholson without an opposing vote. His colleagues on the Board of County Commissioners were Thomas Wilhoit, Eli Brookshire, Newton B. Davis, John W. Whitworth and Harvey B. Chew. ]\Ir. Nicholson brought to his duties, as county commissioner, the same care and prudence as have always marked the conduct and managtment of his own private affairs. He has always been a warm and active Republican in politics. He is a member of George W. Lennard Post, No. 148, Grand Army of the Republic, New Castle.

His first wife, Elizabeth (Leonard) Nicholson, died iSIay 24, 1892. and is buried in South ]\Iound Cemetery. To them were born two children : Pearl, born December i, 1870, now the wife of James M. Keesling, a prominent business man of New Castle; and Lawrence T., born June 21, 1874. This son is a farmer and resides on the home place, two miles west of New Lisbon. On March 6, 1904, he was united in marriage with ]\Iay E., daughter of ]\Ir. and ]\Irs. ]\Iathew R. }klillikan, a weW known family of Prairie Township, residing a mile west of the village of Messick.

Mr. Nathan Nicholson was again married June 8, 1893, to Almeda Donahoo, a sister of ]\Irs. Mark E. Forkner, Mrs. J. B. Lowe and a half sister of Mrs. Will Bond, all well known citizens of New Castle and vicinity. ]\Irs. Almeda (Donahoo) Nicholson was, for nineteen years, a teacher in the primary grade of the public schools of New Castle, and as such gave eminent satisfaction to the school authorities and to the patrons of the schools. Mr. Nicholson is now a retired farmer and Avith his wife is pleasantly and happily situated in their new and comfortable home on South Twelfth Street, New Castle. He is a director in the First National Bank, New Castle.

Merritt N. and Reason Nicholson, two brothers of the subject of this sketch, were Morgan Raid ^linute Men. They belonged to Company A. iioth Indiana Infantry (Morgan Raid), which was raised in New Castle and vicinity, and served during the brief period that John H. Morgan and his Confederate troopers were raiding in Indiana, in July. 1863. Boyd Nicholson, a son of Reason Nicholson, and nephew of Air. Nathan Nicholson, was a soldier during the Philippine Insurrection. He enlisted as a private in Company G, 31st Infantry, L'. S. ^^, and was mustered into the ser^'ice of the United States, July 18, 1899. He served with his company and regiment in the Philippines until mustered out June 18, 1901.

Biographical Sketch Of Pyrrhus Woodward Indiana Volunteers, And Farmer

It is as firmly established as any historical fact can be that is not a matter of record, that Asahel Woodward and Catharine (Hollett) Woodward were the first white people to settle in Henry County, coming- here and locating near th^ present site of the town of New Castle, among- the Indians, in the year 1819, nearly three years prior to the organization of the county. Thomas Woodward, father of Asahel Woodward, came from England and settled in Philadelphia, where he was living at the beginning of the Revolutionary War. It is certified from the official records of Pennsylvania that "Thomas Woodward was a private in Captain George Gryst's Company, Eighth Battalion. Chester County Militia, Colonel Patterson Bell, May 5, 1778," in the Revolutionary War. He was married in Philadelphia. The next information regarding Thomas Woodward, relates to the time when he was a resident of Rockingham County, Virginia, where he must have moved at the close of the Revolution and where he continued to reside until about the year 1802, when he emigrated to Kentucky, settling near Versailles, the present county seat of Woodford Countv- Later, he moved from that place to Ohio, locating near the site of the present town of Eaton, in what afterwards became Preble County. Here he died and was buried, but the exact date of his death is not now ascertainable.

Asahel Woodward, the father of Pyrrhus Woodward, the subject of this sketch, and the head of the Woodward family in Henry County, was born in Rockingham County, Virginia, March 20, 1791, and when but eleven years of age (1802) was taken by his father, with the rest of his family, to the State of Kentucky and later to Ohio, settling in what is now Preble County, which was at that time, the fringe of settlement and civilization in America. The territory of Indiana had not yet been organized and New Castle and Henry County were nonexistant and unthought of. Asahel Woodward continued to reside near Eaton, leading the venturesome life of a young and active frontiersman, until the beginning of the War of 1812-15, when he enlisted on October 8, 1812, as a private, in Captain Richard Sloan's Company, Adams' Battalion. Ohio Militia, and served six months. After his discharge, he returned to Preble County, where he again enlisted, this time in Captain James Rightmire's Company, Russell's Battalion, Ohio Militia, serving from September 6, 1814, to the close of the war. March 5, 181 5, during this period, being on duty at Fort Frontier, located about half way between the present town of Eaton. Ohio, and the present city of Richmond, Indiana.

After his discharge from the army. Asahel Woodward continued to live in the vicinity of Fort Frontier, until late in the year 181 5. when he was married to Catharine Hollett. This pioneer woman was born December i, 1792, in the State of Maryland, whence she was taken, at the age of two and a half years, by her parents, to Washington County, Kentucky. The family remained in that State until January, 1811, when they crossed the Ohio River into Indiana Territory and later moved to Preble County, Ohio, where on October i, 181 5, she was united in marriage with Asahel Woodward. To this union were born the following named children : Rachel. Vienna, Thomas Bennett, Pyrrhus, Franklin, ]\Iartha Jane, Qarinda and Martin Van Buren. Appended to this sketch will be found a table, compiled from the Woodward family records, showing the birth, marriage and death of each of the members thereof.

Asahel and Catharine (Hollett) Woodward, the first white settlers of Henry County, were pioneers and frontiersmen, in the broadest sense of the expression. They came to Henry County in the Spring of 1819, early enough to plant a few acres of corn, on a small Indian clearing, situate about onehalf mile east of where the Panhandle crosses over the Big Four Railroad and less than two miles northeast from the court house in New Castle. They were both blessed with strong constitutions and labored with willing hands not only to better their own fortunes but with generous helpfulness to assist their neighbors as well. They were followed to Henry County by Thomas Woodward, a brother of Asahel. who entered land and lived in the county until his death. In a sense, the history of one pioneer is the history of all. so far, at least, as relates to their settlement, their sacrifices and their hardships. They were persistent in effort, self reliant in difficulties and courageous in the face of danger, and, when their day was ended, yielded their accumulated property as a goodly heritage to their children.

The first home of Asahel and Catharine Woodward was near the place, where they had planted their first field of corn. It was a log cabin with the usual scanty and homely furnishings. From this cabin home; the family afterwards removed to the present corner of Twelfth and Woodward Streets, New Castle. These streets \\ere not then in existence and the house which they occupied stood on a part of what was later known as the Asahel W^oodward farm. Afterwards on this same plat of ground, a two story frame house was erected, which is still standing and habitable. At a later date. Mr. Woodward built a primitive brick house, the first in this locality, which stood about where the present residence of Thomas J. Burk is situated, and still later he joined with his son Franklin in building on the land set apart as the inheritance of Franklin, the brick residence afterwards owned and occupied for many years by the late Joshua Holland and family, the monev used in the building being furnished from the earnings of the son named. This residence is still standing and is situated immediately west of the Burk mansion. After the sale of this property to George W. Lennard in 1854. who, a year later, sold it to Joshua Holland, Asahel Woodward and family moved back to the frame dwelling at the corner of Twelfth and Woodward Streets, which thev practically made their home until the death of INIrs. \\'oodward. which occurred January 11, 1871. After her death ^Ir. Woodward made his home with his son. Pyrrhus. who owned the property, now occupied by his daughter. Mrs. Belle Springer, until his death, March 19. 1875.

Asahel Woodward was among the very first to enter land in Henry County and he added to his possessions by purchase as he was able, until he became one of the largest land owners in the county, his holdings at one time amounting to one thousand acres or more, most of said land extending in a semi-circle from the original plat of the town of New Castle, as far west and north as Blue River from the Cadiz turnpike and on around to the Muncie turnpike. He also owned a tract of land east, and another tract of one hundred and sixty acres, southeast of New Castle. The land of the Industrial Association and the Piano Works is a part of the Woodward land. He, himself, rarely sold any land, preferring to leave it as a legacy to his children, thus making them all rich.

Asahel Woodward was a man of strong convictions and positive opinions and prejudices in social, religious and political affairs. A partisan by nature, he was fond of argument and was sometimes extreme in his judgments but, withal, of such solid character and natural good sense, that he was a man of weight in the community. Aiany of these characteristics have been transmitted to his descendants. In politics he was a lifelong Democrat and that party had no more zealous advocate. He was a man of kindly heart and generous nature and was possessed of phenomenal industry, being, as the homely adage has it, without "a lazy bone in his body." He was a devout member of the Christian Church and so long as he was able to attend divine services, his seat in the sanctuary was alwa}'s occupied. At his funeral, which took place on a Sunday, the members of the other churches held no services out of respect to his memory, but so far as possible attended and participated in the ceremonies of the Christian Church. Catharine (Hollett) Woodward, his wife, was "a mother in Israel," indeed. Shewas quiet and unobtrusive in manner, affectionate towards her husband and children and absorbed in her domestic affairs, creating and maintaining an ideal home.

I'yrrhus W^oodward. the subject of this sketch, was born near the present siteof the town of New Castle, August i, 1822. He lived the life of a young man on the frontier, on his father's farm and about the village of New Castle, until the year 1842, when he apprenticed himself to Nathan Livezey and Jacob Elliott to learn the trade of a carpenter and joiner. Jacob Elliott was his brotherin-law, having married his sister, Rachel. Soon after he had finished his trade, the Mexican War broke out, whereupon, he joined with the late oMathew S. Ward, afterwards an officer in the Confederate Army, and the late Henry Shrover, in organizing in New Castle and vicinity, a company for the war. which was called. "The Henry County Guards." organized under authority of Governor James Whitcomb. January 18, 1846. The officers were Mathew S. Ward, Captain; Henry Shroyer, First Lieutenant ; and Pyrrhus Woodward, Second Lieutenant. This company was not accepted for service but young Woodward, being determined to get into the army for the war with Mexico, recruited some men at New Castle and elsewhere in Henry County, who joined what became Company H. 5th Indiana Infantry, and was known as a Grant County company from the fact that most of the men were from that county. The Colonel of the regiment was James H. Lane, who in after years became the well known "Jim" Lane, of Kansas. He was originally from Lawrenceburg, Indiana. Woodward's company was officered as follows : Ebenezer G. Cary. Captain ; Thomas F. Marshall, First Lieutenant ; and David Shunk, Second Lieutenant, all of whom were from Marion, Grant County. Lieutenant Shunk, during the Civil W^ar, became Colonel of the 8th Indiana Infantry (three years), and later Brigadier General. The Grand Army Post at Marion, Indiana, is named in his honor.

enrolled October 4, 1847, and mustered into the service of the United States, October 14. 1847, ^'^^ the term of, "During the war." He was mustered out July 28, 1848. After entering the service, young Woodward and his comrades first went on horseback from New Castle to Madison, Indiana. From Madison the regiment was sent by water to New Orleans and thence, across the Gulf of Mexico to Vera Cruz, where it joined the army under General Winfield Scott and moved overland to the City of Mexico. The history of Henry County in the Mexican War is practically embodied in three articles published in a chapter of this work, which were prepared for publication by Captain Woodward in 1895 and left by him among his papers at the time of his death. They were furnished to the author by Captain Woodward's daughter, Mrs. Belle Springer. The articles relate to an important period in the life of Captain Woodward and should be taken in conjunction with this sketch to complete a review of his career.

After the war with Mexico was over, Pyrrhus Woodward returned to New Castle and resumed his trade and the first contract on which he was engaged was the carpenter work for the brick block, known as the "Murphey Corner," situate on the southeast corner of Main and Broad Streets. At that time (1849) this structure was one of the largest and most imposing in New Castle or, for that matter, in Eastern Indiana.

On January 15, 1850, Pyrrhus Woodward was married to Mary E. Hawkins, daughter of William and Isabel M. Hawkins, well known pioneers of Wayne County, Indiana. They were leading members of the Friends' Church and resided near Cambridge City. Preparatory to his marriage, Mr. Woodward built the house, since remodeled, which is now the residence of Doctor and Mrs. William F. Boor. This home, Mr. Woodward and his wife occupied until 1854, when he sold it to his brother-in-law, Samuel Hazzard, quit the carpenter's trade and removed to that part of his father's farm which had been set aside for him. That farm is now mostly part and parcel of the northwestern portion of New Castle and is nearlv all within the corporate limits of the town. Here he continued to live until the beginning of the Civil War.

Pyrrhus Woodward was a natural born soldier, and came honestly by the war spirit which sent him into the Mexican War and later into the great civil conflict. The martial instincts of the sire had descended to the son, and when the nation leaped to arms, he was among the first to answer the call for volunteers. Early in the Summer of 1861, he, assisted by George W. Lennard, began recruiting a company which afterwards became Company C, 36th Indiana Infantry, which was officered as follows : Pyrrhus Woodward, Captain ; George W. Lennard. First Lieutenant; and James W. Connell, Second Lieutenant. This company left New Castle for Camp Wayne, Richmond, Indiana, August 27, 1861, where, before the regiment was formally mustered into the service of the United States, the officers of Company C were changed, First Lieutenant Lennard becoming Adjutant of the regiment; Connell, First Lieutenant, and John E. Holland, Second Lieutenant. The company was mustered in September 16, 1861, and from that date, the history of the 36th Regiment is the military history of Pyrrhus Woodward, until he was forced to resign from the services on account of disability, resulting from wounds received, at Chickamauga, Georgia. It is a matter of record that Captain Woodward was not absent from his command for a single day and never missed a battle during the continuance of his service. He participated in the engagements at Shiloh, Siege of Corinth, Perryville, Stone's River. Chickamauga, and all intermediate skirmishes. After the battle of Perryville and until just preceding the battle of Stone's River, as ranking captain, he had command of the regiment, but just prior to the last named battle was succeeded in the command by Major Isaac Kinley. Major Kinley was wounded at the beginning of that terrific conflict and the command again devolved on Captain Woodward, which he retained until the close of the battle and the return of Colonel Cary to the regiment. At the battle of Chickamauga, September 19 and 20, 1863, Captain Woodward was wounded in the right side by the explosion of a shell which disabled him for further military duty. He resigned from this cause October 18, 1863, and returned to his home at New Castle, where he engaged in farming which he continued for the remainder of his life. Soon after his return from the army he built for his farm residence, the house at the north end of Main street, now occupied as already stated by his daughter, Mrs. Belle Springer. When this house was built, it was out of town and surrounded by trees of the original forest. It is now close to the center of the town. The forest trees have all been cleared away and in all directions may be seen the handsome homes of people, none of whom realize that they are on historic ground.

Captain Woodward belonged to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. being a member of Fidelity Lodge, No. 59, New Castle. He was also a member of George W. Lennard Post, No. 148, Grand Army of the Republic. New Castle. He died December 27, 1898, and his remains are buried in South Alound Cemetery. New Castle. As a soldier 'of two wars, as a just and upright man and as a respected and beloved citizen, his body was followed to the grave by a large concourse of his fellow citizens. The pall bearers were members of his own companv in the Civil War. At the Cemetery, before his remains were finally consigned to the earth, his comrade in arms, Captain David W. Chambers, delivered the following fitting address :

"I have known Captain Woodward for forty years as citizen and soldier ; as a soldier intimately. As a citizen he was conservative and safe, never visionary, never fanatical, but always ready to favor any cause that he believed would promote the interest of his fellow man. He never handled a dollar that was not earned in accordance with the law of man and God. He was by nature military ; was an honored soldier of two wars - the Mexican and the Civil War; the only wars occurring during the years of his physical ability to participate. In the Civil War my association with him was intimate. He impressed all who came in contact with him as a typical officer; at all times ready to obey ; cool -under the greatest possible danger to himself and to the brave and highly disciplined army of the Cumberland. I particularly recall one instance at the battle of Stone's River, December 31, 1862, in the darkest days for Union success, when the Confederates had broken the Union centre, so that Ave had Confederates in front of us, Confederates on the right and Confederates on the left. In a lull in the fight Captain Woodward, then commanding the regiment, with a smile on his face and apparently as placid as I beheld his lifeless form an hour ago. came to me and said : 'Captain, this is pretty hot.'

"My prayer is that his comrades and all others may emulate his civil and military virtues. With such citizens and volunteer soldiers the American flag, and the civil and religious liberties it guarantees, will forever live, judged by the law of moralists, or by the law of Holy Writ : 'by their works ye shall know them/ It is safe to say that Captain Woodward is now enjoying all of the happiness in the world beyond prepared for those who have done the will of God on earth. "Soldier, rest! thy warfare o'er."

JMary E. Hawkins, wife of Captain Wodward, was born October 30, 1825, and died January 17, 1899, following her husband to the grave, three weeks after his death. She was a noble Christian woman, of domestic disposition, a devoted wife and loving mother, of whom too much cannot be said in her honor. She is most affectionately remembered by the people of New Castle, many of whom knew her, during her quiet, peaceful life, as "Aunt Mary Woodward."

To the union of Pyrrhus Woodward and Mary E. (Hawkins) Woodward were born five children, namely: Cordelia J., deceased; Isabel, now Mrs. Belle Springer; George W\, a farmer; Leonora, now Mrs. John Hoham, of Chicago, Illinois, and Qiarles F., deceased.