Kosciusko County, Indiana - The whole text, 1919 (part 8 of 11)

The family are members of the Christian Church and Mr, Stackhouse is one of the trustees. In politics he is a republican. His farm, representing his labor and good management, comprises 180 acres. Mr. Stackhouse has accepted the opportunities afforded by his prosperity to see much of this country. In 1914 he made an interesting journey to California and saw much of the country that has been so widely celebrated in literature. In the fall of 1917 he toured the East, including the cities of Boston, New York and Washington, and was there at a time when he could observe the National Legislature in session and see much of the life of the capital. On each of these trips he was absent from home about two months.

JAMEs E. Guy. The world is now interested as never before in the production of farms both in the aggregate and individually. That Kosciusko County is doing its full share toward swelling the volume of farm products is well known, and one of the men in the vanguard of this work is James E. Guy, whose name and experience are especially associated with the breeding of Hereford cattle. He has probably the best herd of White Faces in the county. His herd leader is Meal Ticket No. 101793, an animal that exemplifies all the splendid qualities of this great beef stock. Mr. Guy has twelve cows and heifers. His farm is in Wayne Township 21% miles west of Warsaw, and comprises 130 acres in his home place, while he owns another eighty acres two miles south.

On the home farm where he now lives Mr. Guy was born May 4, 1870, son of James and Ruhama (Creighton) Guy. His father was a native of Ohio. Both families came to Kosciusko County in early days, and the parents grew to maturity here and married and then settled on the farm where they spent the rest of their lives. Mr. James Guy, Sr., was born in 1819. The mother died fifteen years ago. In politics James Guy, Sr., was a republican. Of the nine children eight are still living: Henry, a farmer in Wayne Township; Laura, wife of B. F. Foulk, of Warsaw; Mary, wife of George Heater, of Warsaw; Jennie, wife of George Wolfe; Anna, wife of Lem Cook, of Wayne Township; Ella, wife of Eli Grissom; Electa, wife of J. G. Longfellow, of Wayne Township; and James E.

the district schools of Wayne Township. He married Miss Nannie Zimmerman, who died leaving two children, Ralph and Nannie. Both were educated in the common schools. Ralph married Gladys Phillips and now lives in Wayne Township, while Nannie is the wife of Ralph Remy and lives on the old farm. Mr. Guy married for his present wife Sarah Miller. They are members of the United Brethren Church at Warsaw and politically he votes as a republican.

Joun H. Harmon. One of the thriftiest residents of Prairie Township is John H. Harmon, whose home is near Etna Green. In the main work which he chose for his career, agriculture, it is needless to say that Mr. Harmon has been prospered beyond the ordinary. He was reared and has spent most of his life in this county and his works and his influence have brought him an estimable station among his fellow men.

He was horn in Crawford County, Ohio, February 23, 1852, a son of David S. and Susan (Boardner) Harmon. Both his parents were natives of Columbiana County, Ohio. The paternal grandfather was John Harmon, a native of Pennsylvania, from which state he moved to Ohio and finally to Indiana, where he died. He saw some service during the Revolutionary war. The maternal grandfather was John Boardner,. also a native of Pennsylvania, who subsequently became an Ohio farmer. David S. Harmon and wife brought their family out to Indiana in 1861, and located on a farm in Kosciusko County. They were active members of the Dunkard Church and in politics he was a republican and gave some good seryice as a member of the school board in the early days. His thrift and industry enabled him to accumulate 160 acres of land, which he placed under a state of high improvement. There were eleven children in the family and six are now living.

The oldest of these, John H. Harmon, while a boy in Ohio, attended a German school, and also attended the public schools of Indiana after the family moved to this state. Reared on a farm, he naturally took to the vocation for which his early training fitted him, - and for a period of forty years or more has been industriously engaged in that line. His present place of eighty acres is situated in Prairie Township, and he has a good home and has practically performed all the improvements about his farm by his own hand or under his direct management. He combines crop growing with the raising of good stock.

Mr. Harmon married Sarah Knabenshue. She was born in Virginia, but her parents brought her to Indiana when she was quite young. Of the children of Mr. and Mrs. Harmon five are living: Isaac is a Kosciusko County farmer; Walter is also a farmer in this county; Leona is the wife of Mr. Yarmon, an engineer living at Fort Wayne; Gertrude married Mr. Girard, and they live on the Harmon farm; Glenn is a machinist living at Warsaw. In politics Mr. Harmon is a republican and from time to time has interested himself in those movements which bring about the improvement and betterment of his home community.

Horace Tucker. Perhaps to no one of the old pioneers of Kosciusko County is more frequent reference made than to the late Horace Tucker. He was an exemplary citizen, successful in a material way, and his influence counted for much in the development and progress of the county. The following sketch of his career will serve to supplement other minor notices of him found in this publication.

He was born in Richland County, Ohio, November 8, 1825, son of John and Mary (Warde) Tucker. His grandfather, Ezra Tucker, was a native of New Hampshire and his children consisted of Daniel, John, Ezra, Cyrus, David and Eliza. Ezra Tucker served in the War of 1812. John Tucker, his son, enlisted in the same war but was never called into the field.

John Tucker grew up on a farm in New Hampshire, had the average education of his time in the subscription schools, and made such good use of his advantages that he taught for a time. About 1820 he moved to Richland County, Ohio, walking the entire distance of 800 miles. Northern and Western Ohio were then a total wilderness, with as many Indians as white people. John Tucker entered 160 acres of land in Union Township and industriously cleared it away acre by acre, lived in a rude log cabin, and for a time his nearest neighbor was four miles distant. The first season he cleared up a small patch and planted it with potatoes. The following year he returned to New Hampshire, walking as before, and there married Mary Warde. He brought his bride to his Ohio home in a one-horse wagon, and that wagon also contained practically all their movable possessions and goods. The wagon served not only as a vehicle by day, but as a shelter by night against the storms, and the roadside supplied the campfires where they cooked their simple meals. One of the implements which they brought with them on this journey from New Hampshire was a skillet which was handed down in the family and was owned by Horace Tucker. John Tucker and wife spent thirty-three days on this home seeking and honeymoon tour, and the last six miles he had to break the way through the brush and woods. In Richland County they put up with the hardships and trials of most of the pioneers, but were prospered perhaps above the ordinary and in course of time had a good farm and a substantial log house and still later a good frame house.

The children of this pioneer couple were: Horace, Aurelius, who married Isabel Alexander; Sarena, who married Francis Wager; Albert, who became a resident of Mentone, Indiana; Regulus, who married Jane Blue; Livona, who married John Vandermark.

John Tucker and his son Horace Tucker came to Kosciusko County in 1846, for the purpose of inspecting the land in this then comparatively new community. Satisfied with what he saw, Horace Tucker bought 160 acres in sections 19 and 20 of Franklin Township. His father went back to Ohio leaving Horace to clear away some of the woods and brush, and this accomplished he too walked back to his Ohio home, having 200 miles to make the journey on foot. While in Ohio he continued work on his father's farm, and on January 13 1848, married Eliza Johnson, daughter of Francis and Anna (Flem- ing) Johnson. The Johnson family came originally from Ireland, and William Johnson, grandfather ef Mrs. Horace Tucker, on coming to the United States shortly after his marriage located in Pennsylvania, where Mrs. Tucker's father was born. Francis Johnson was a blacksmith and a sickle maker. He spent most of his life in Ohio. He was a member of the Presbyterian Church. Horace Tucker out of his generous prosperity was able to give each of his children money or property to the value of $6,000 upon their marriage and leaving home. Their children were: Albert L., born September 19, 1849, elsewhere mentioned in this publication; Rosella, born in December, 1853, who married Jonathan 'Tinkey; Hollis C., born in February, 1857, married Nettie Alexander.

Horace Tucker was the type of pioneer who was not merely a good manager but was willing to get into the heaviest and most arduous toil himself. Thus many acres of heavy forest which originally covered his land was cleared away by the steady blows of his axe. He was not less efficient in the skill and judgment he showed in managing the men who worked for him. The first spring he was in Kosciusko County he planted six acres of corn among the stumps, breaking the land with a yoke of runaway oxen that he had secured in the woods and which belonged to some distant neighbor. He yoked them up when they came to his barn for something to eat. In 1871 Horace Tucker began erecting a substantial brick house, which is still a landmark m that vicinity. It was the first house of that construction in the township and the first to be supplied with steam heat. Exclusive of his own work he invested $4,000 in the house. He also put up the first windmill pump in the township. In 1874 he built a large and substantial barn. Much of his money was made in handling and marketing cattle. He was in that business for about half a century. He was the first man to ship a carload of livestock to Warsaw in 1856.

While it was not possible for him to make his money as easily as many men of the present generation, he was not lacking in great liberality in its use, and contributed liberally of his means to churches and to every worthy undertaking. He began voting as a whig and subsequently was an equally stanch republican. He served as treasurer and trustee of his township, and was always an influence in county politics. Besides his farm he accumulated extensive tracts of land in Kosciusko and other counties, and always used livestock as a means of making his land profitable. In 1900 he sold from his farms, $8,000 worth of fat graded cattle, that being one of the largest single stock sales ever recorded in this county.

Horace Tucker and wife began their housekeeping with utmost simplicity. Their first table consisted of an ordinary store box and their first bed was made of poles stuck in auger holes in the wall, these holes being covered with clapboards instead of slats, and the bed put on top. During his last years and after the death of his wife Horace Tucker received most devoted attention and care from his grandson, Ivan Tucker. As a result of an accident he spent his last six months in bed. He died September 12, 1907, and his wife Novem

Arruur SmirTH has his home in Silver Lake in Lake township, but for a long period of years his activities as a farmer and thresherman have made him known over the area of several townships of this county. ' :

He represents one of the old families here. His father, Mark Smith, came from Ohio to Kosciusko County in 1843. He drove across the country with him a hundred head of sheep, and was a pioneer in sheep husbandry in this county. The maiden name of his wife was Nancy Garvin. Mark Smith was born near Akron, Ohio, June 27, 1826, and his wife was born in Indiana in December, 1831. She died June 12, 1864, while he lived to very advanced years, passing away April 12, 1904. He and his wife were members of the Baptist church, being charter members of the church in Seward Township, and the first services of that denomination were held in their own home. Their affiliation was with Franklin Baptist Church. Mark Smith was an active republican and for one term served as trustee of Seward Township. He and his wife had five children, the three now living being S. E. Smith, of Paris, Texas, Arthur, and Jonathan G., of Seward Township. The son Lucius died at the age of twelve years and Ida when only nine months old. he A

Arthur Smith was born on his father's farm in Seward Township December 18, 1857. He grew up there, having the advantages of the common schools, and from the age of twenty until he was twenty-eight assumed a large part of responsibility in the management of the home farm. On March 21, 1886, Mr. Smith married Samantha J. Herald. She was born in Seward Township December'17, 1861, and was educated in the common schools. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have two children: Worden R. is a graduate of the common schools, is a farmer in Seward Township, and married Bessie Drudger. Cleo A. is the wife of Eugene Way, of Seward Township.

Mr. Smith still owns eighty acres of good farming land, and for many years has operated a threshing outfit, supplying that indispensable service to a large circle of farmers in this county. Mr. Smith is president of the Seward Horse Thief Detective Association. He has been precinct chairman of the republican party for a number of years, and is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias and the Knights of the Maccabees.

JacoB Sparks, a resident of Kosciusko County most of his active life, has given a good account of his years in his chosen occupation as a farmer. His farm and home are well known in the southeast corner of the township, being located in section 34 of Jackson Township, a mile east and half a mile south of Sidney.

Mr. Sparks was born in Rock Creek Township of Wells County, Indiana, February 8, 1864. The record of his family in Indiana goes back several generations. His great-grandparents, Solomon and Charity Sparks, came from Virginia and after a time spent in Muncie, Indiana, moved to Wells County, locating in Rock Creek Township, three miles south of Markle. Solomon Sparks entered a hundred sixty acres of government land there, and on it spent the rest of his days. His children were Isaac, Jackson, David, Solomon, William, John, Rachel, Charity and one other daughter. William Sparks, grandfather of Jacob, married Hettie Miller, and among their children were Moses, Henry, James, K. P., John and Rachel. Jacob Sparks is a son of Moses and Hannah A. (Bane) Sparks. Moses Sparks had three other children: John F. of Huntington, Indiana; Isaac, who also lives in Huntington ; Elizabeth, wife of Jacob Cordle; while another daughter, Sarah M., is now deceased.

Jacob Sparks grew up in his native township of Wells County, but at the age of twelve his parents moved to Huntington County, and about 1884 he came to this county. For over thirty years he has lived in Jackson Township. Mr. Sparks married Jennetta Ross. They had one daughter, Ruth, and both mother and daughter died in 1900. On July 13, 1901, Mr. Sparks married Cora E. Smith, widow of William C. Smith. They have two sturdy young sons, William H. and Adam L.

Mr. Sparks is a democrat in political affiliations. The farm which is the center of his enterprise and through which he has provided well for his family and made himself a contributing factor in Kosciusko County agriculture, comprises about a hundred forty-three and a half acres in section 34 of Jackson Township. In livestock he specializes in Duroc hogs, Shorthorn cattle and also the Polled Durhams.

Epmunp S. Lasu. Some of the finest farms and the best farmers reside in the community around Etna Green. One of these is Edmund .S. Lash, who is a native son of Kosciusko County, and has not only prospered and done well in his business vocation, but has identified himself in a useful way with county affairs, has filled several of the important offices, and always exerts his influence in behalf of community betterment.

His birth occurred in Harrison Township August 26, 1862. His parents were Philip and Sarah (Kehler) Lash, both natives of Ohio, his mother born near Wooster. The paternal grandfather, John Lash, was also a native of Ohio, and was one of the very early settlers of Kosciusko County, where he became a large land owner and took much part in early affairs. The maternal grandfather was John Kehler, who also came early to Kosciusko County, and was a millwright by trade, and most of his sons grew up to mechanical professions. Philip Lash was born in 1826 and died in 1863. His wife was born in 1824 and died in 1892. They both came as children to Indiana and were married in this state. Of their five children four are living. Mrs. Cora Harris, a widow; Jennie, wife of Mr. Wolper, who is in the real estate business at Dayton, Ohio; Mrs. Tillie Blue, whose husband is a retired farmer at Mentone; and Edmund S. The parents of these children were both members of the Methodist Episcopal church and the father was a republican. Philip Lash grew up in Kosciusko County when it was comparatively a wilderness. As a boy he frequently saw

Edmund S. Lash began his serious career with a valuable equipment of knowledge and practical experience. After attending the common schools he spent two terms in the Methodist. college at Fort Wayne. He has a grateful memory of the two years he himself spent as a teacher. From teaching he gravitated into farming and that has been his steady vocation now for fully thirty years. His success is of his own making and the property he owns is an adequate testimonial to his enterprise and industry. His farm comprises 180 acres, and its buildings and various improvements are the direct result of his work and supervision. He raises corn, hay and wheat, and has some good grades of cattle and hogs.

On August 26, 1884, Mr. Lash married Miss Emma Eckert. She was born in Ohio, daughter of Sullivan and Rachel Eckert, who were Ohio people and early settlers in Hancock County of that state. Mr. and Mrs. Lash have four children: May Wilson is the wife of a teacher at Mentone; Mrs. Madge Jackson lives in Elkhart, where Mr. Jackson is a train inspector for the Lake Shore Road; Raymond is a teacher and farmer in Kosciusko County, and Gladys, the youngest, is still at home.

Mr. Lash has always been interested in public affairs and by the choice of his fellow citizens served two terms very capably in the office of county commissioner. He is a republican, he and his wife are members of the United Brethren church, and fraternally he is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen e eee and has held several of the official chairs in these fraternal

JEROME H. Lones. It is truly the individual and exceptional case when a man can point to nearly a third of a century of continuous service for one organization or in one position, That was one of the distinctions of Mr. Lones' citizenship in Warsaw, where from August 30, 1883, until his death he was local agent for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. To a great many people in Warsaw Mr. Lones during that time was the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, having served as its representative so long that to think of the Pennsylvania Company was also to think of its genial and energetic agent. Furthermore, Mr. Lones was very closely and actively identified with the material progress and development of the city, and was one of the most highly esteemed as he was one of the best known men of Warsaw.

The lesson of his career should not be lost as an example to young men who have to take up the responsibilities of life with little training and with no influence to advance them. He was born on a farm in Crawford County, Ohio, August 20, 1853, the eldest of the three children of Harrison and Celia (Benson) Lones. When he was eighteen months of age his parents moved out of Iowa by way of Cincinnati and the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, but owing to the continued ill health of his mother they remained only a short time and returned to Ohio, taking up residence in Wyandotte County. There the father died in 1859, and for a number of years thereafter the members of the little household suffered many hardships and privations. In the meantime Jerome H. Lones managed to attend the local public schools and gained the rudiments of an education. At the age of sixteen he left home, and spent several months as a corn husker near Watseka, Illinois, but in the ensuing spring returned home and looked after the operation of the old homestead during the next season. However, he could not content himself with the narrow horizon of an Ohio farm, and it was through a better education that he could see the vista of greater opportunities opening before him. By economy and hard work he managed to pay his way for three years in the Northern Ohio College at Ada, where he showed special proficiency and gained honors in mathematies.. While in college his mother died. and not long afterwards he had to determine his future location. There were two forces that appealed to him, either to gain a place as a bank cashier with its consequent possibilities, or to engage in railroad service. Before he could make a beginning in either career he needed business training, and consequently taught school and with the earnings of that work and with some money which he borrowed paid his way through the long course at the Iron City Business College at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Then during another season at home, when he dug ditches and husked corn, he was finally able to attempt the realization of his dreams. He went to Fort Wayne, made application for employment with the Pennsylvania Company, but he was promptly refused owing to his lack of knowledge of telegraphy. Undoubtedly one of the qualities which enabled him to succeed was a persistency in the face of discouragement. Turned back at one point, he applied for another line of work, and finally went on the road as a freight brakeman. After thirteen months he was given employment in the freight office as a clerk, and was promoted to assistant cashier. Then, having demonstrated his capabilities and his reliability, he came to Warsaw in 1883 as station agent. This position he ever afterward held, with credit to himself and satisfaction to his company, and while nominally his duties were the same, the responsibilities grew with the growth and development of the city and its importance as a traffic center.

Unlike many men in the railroad service who are content to isolate themselves from the community which they serve and become merely a cog in the routine of the corporation which employs them, Mr. Lones from the first identified himself with local citizenship. For years he contributed from his means and his experience to the aid of all worthy enterprises undertaken in Warsaw. He was one of the organizers of the modern Commercial Club. He also helped in the organization and was one of the principal stockholders and vice president of the Indiana Loan and Trust Company. In politics he was always identified with the republican party. Fraternally he was a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and a Knight Templar, and also a member of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. For his helpmate through life he was fortunate in the selection of Miss Jennie Logan, of Fort Wayne, whom he married in 1878.

Company until the date of his death, which occurred very suddenly, after less than a week's sickness, on September 7, 1917. His memory is respected and his death was mourned by the entire community.

He was laid away by the Knight Templars and his funeral was largely attended by the citizens of Warsaw and representatives of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company from all stations on the western division.

CHarure A. Hueus. One of the oldest families of Kosciusko County is that of Hughs, which located here over eighty years ago. The Hughs family came to Indiana when it was a territory, more than a century ago. sae

A splendid farm in Prairie Township, long owned by this family, is now under the capable management and supervision of Charlie A. Hughs, who is not only a general farmer but a breeder and shipper of livestock, and as such is well known all over this part of the state. He was born on the farm where he now lives September 10, 1879, son of John W. and Prudence (Wallace) Hughs. John W. Hughs was born in Prairie Township January 11, 1851, a son of the original settler here. Prudence Wallace was born in Kosciusko County July 6, 1854. The parents since their marriage have lived on the old homestead in Prairie Township. John W. Hughs.is a republican voter. Of their two children one died at the age of three years.

Charlie A. Hughs has always lived at home, and was well educated in the common schools and a business college at Warsaw. That he has more than ordinary responsibilities is manifest in the fact that he supervises the farming of 287 acres and looks after a large number of livestock. He personally owns 461% acres.

July 11, 1907, Mr. Hughs married Edith Kimes, a native of Plain Township of this county. Mr. and Mrs. Hughs attend the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a republican and is affiliated with St. Leon Lodge of the Knights of Pythias.

JAMES WHITNEY PARKER has lived in Kosciusko County most of his life, and out of his experiences as a worker and farmer has accumulated one of the most effective farm estates in Tippecanoe Township, his postoffice being North Webster. His farm is three miles southeast of that village.

Mr. Parker was born near Lima in Allen County, Ohio, December 12, 1855. His parents were J. W. and Elizabeth (Lippencott) Parker. The grandfather, Sylvester Parker, was a native of England, and at the age of twenty-one he and his brother Herman Parker came to the United States and settled in Seneca County, New York. They married sisters, Sylvester marrying Elizabeth Harper, who was also a native of England. They became the parents of seven children, J. W., Elias, Martin, Silas, Jason, Cerenus and Martha.

J. W. Parker was born in Seneca County, New York, November 22, 1822. When a young man he went to Allen County, Ohio, married there, and in 1863 brought his family to Kosciusko County. He married Elizabeth Lippencott, daughter of Joseph and Eliza J. (Bland)

Lippencott. Eliza J. Bland was a native of Virginia and daughter of a slave owner. Joseph Lippencott and wife moved to Allen County, Ohio, where they lived until his death and his widow spent her last years in Kosciusko County. J. W. Parker and wife had twelve children including: Sylvenus, deceased; Joseph, who was in the West ; Hayman, of LaGrange County, Indiana; James W.; Mary, wife of Henry Lentz; Sabrina, Anna and Emma, all deceased 'and Albert of Starke County, Indiana.

James Whitney Parker was eight years old when his parents came to Kosciusko County. and here he grew up, attending the district schools in winter and working on the farm in summer. On March 22, 1885, he married Miss Ada A. Dorsey. Mrs. Parker was born in Darke County, Ohio. November 22. 1868, daughter of William and Martha J. (Coppeias) Dorsey. Her father was a native of Maryland and her mother of Ohio. Mrs. Parker was two years old when her parents came to Kosciusko County, where she grew up and received a district school education. Mr. and Mrs. Parker have four children: Lulu,M., born in March, 1886, is the wife of Vern Gross. of Turkey Creek Township ; Roy is married and lives in Tippecanoe Township; Ray is a graduate of the common schools and is now a wireless operator in the United States Navy ; Edna M. is the wife of Robert Twants.

Mr. Parker is a republican voter. As a farmer he gives active superintendence to the management of his seventy-six acres and is one of the large producers of agricultural crops in this county. He is also one of the Kosciusko County citizens who have made a profitable business out of commercial poultry growing. Mr. and Mrs. Parker are clever and obliging people and stand high socially in their community.

C. F. Srarner. In these critical modern times it is results that count, and the principal contributory factor toward getting results is intelligently directed work. Kosciusko County ranks high among Indiana's counties as an agricultural center, and one of the men who has long carried a goodly share of responsibilities in this field is Mr. C. F. Starner, one of the progressive and up-to-date farmers of Plain Township. His farm is a mile northeast of Leesburg.

Mr. Starner was born in Plain Township July 25, 1875, son of George and Elizabeth (Fisher) Starner. His parents are still residents of the county and represent old time families here.

Mr. C. F. Starner was reared on a farm, had a district school edueation, and at the age of seventeen left the parental roof to find work on his own responsibility. He worked at any employment that offered an opportunity to earn an honest living, and for some four or five years was connected with a threshing outfit. Later he bought his first land and has thriftily improved his place until he now has a well arranged farm of 145 acres. Mr. Starner married Miss Viola Noel. They have a family of seven daughters: Lucy, a graduate of high school ; Cecil, who is a student in high school; and Rilla, Hazel, Pauline, Mary and Florence. Mr. Starner is a democrat in politics.

Manrorp Morris. While his efforts for a number of years have been concentrated upon the management of his farm and stock ranch in Turkey Creek Township, Manford Morris is a man of varied interests, is a stockholder in several banks and other concerns, and belongs to one of the pioneer families of Indiana. °

He was born in Noble County of this state February 12, 1871, a son of Andrew J. and Lavina (Morrow) Morris. His father was born in Preble County, Ohio, November 6, 1828, and is still living at the venerable age of ninety. The grandfather, Biven Morris, was a pioneer of Kosciusko County. He moved his family from Preble to Darke County, Ohio, in 1834, and in 1838 came into the wilderness of Kosciusko County and located in Turkey Creek Township. Biven Morris had the distinction of being the first trustee chosen to office in that township. He entered a hundred acres of government land in section 2, and lived there until 1880. Biven Morris and wife had the following children: Lucinda, Andrew J., Isaac, John, Tolman, Barbara and Nancy.

Andrew J. Morris grew to maturity in Kosciusko County and later went out to Iowa where he married March 20, 1858. He brought his wife back to Indiana and settled on a farm in Noble County, one mile east from the homestead, where they lived together fifty-nine years. January 20, 1917, Lavina, his wife, died at the age of eighty years. She was a pioneer of Noble County, born near Ligonier December 22, 1836. She moved with her parents to Iowa in 1852, living there six years. Mr. Morris served as county commissioner of Noble County from 1900 to 1904. He and his wife had four children: J. C. Morris, a farmer in Noble County; Mary J., wife of J. F. Eagles of Noble County ; Sherman, also a Noble County farmer; and Manford.

Manford Morris grew up on his father's farm in Noble County and was educated in the district schools. He lived at home for a number of years and on September 28, 1905, married Vada F. Sloan, daughter of Jonathan and Sarah S. Sloan. She moved with her parents to Kosciusko County in 1875. They have two children: Arthur J., born January 6, 1909; and Marjorie Frances, who was born December 15, 1913, died August 10, 1917.

Mr. Morris' farm comprises 148 acres. It is a highly cultivated place and is especially well known as the home of some high grade Poland China hogs and Shorthorn cattle, in the breeding of which - he has been very successful. Mr. Morris is a stockholder in the Sparta State Bank at Cromwell, Indiana, and is also a stockholder in a business at Lebanon and is a member of the Farmers' Shipping Association. He is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Cromwell and was a charter member of Cromwell Lodge No. 408, Knights of Pythias, and served as chancellor and a member of the Grand Lodge. Politically he is a republican and was formerly a member of the Township Advisory Board.

JoHN JONES. It has been observed that the happiest nations are those without history, and it is true of individuals as well. Some of those who are most useful to themselves and their fellow men, living their lives most simply and with utmost faithfulness to their

Mr. And Mrs. John Jones And Family

This was all true of the late John Jones, one of the kindliest and best citizens of Seward Township. John Jones died at his home in that township February 26, 1918, aged eighty-one years, eleven months and twenty days. His farm, two miles southwest of Burket, had been his home continuously for over half a century, his .work and sacrifice counted most in its improvement, and there he reared his children, and with obligations all fulfilled he bore his last long illness with Christian fortitude until the end.

He was born in Coshocton County, Ohio, March 8, 1836, a son of Samuel and Patsy Jones. In 1863 he came to Indiana with his brother Samuel Jones, and from that time forward Kosciusko County was his home. His parents spent most of their lives in Ohio. His father was a native of Ohio and his mother of Maryland. His father died in 1854 and his mother in 1869..

March 16, 1865, John Jones married Miss Nancy Hire, member of one of the oldest prominent families of Kosciusko County. Her parents were Rudolph and Hannah (Linsey) Hire, the former a native of Ross County, Ohio, and the latter of Fayctte County, Ohio. Rudolph Hire and wife were married in Kosciusko County, and then for a year lived in Elkhart County, after which they returned to a farm in Franklin Township of this county. Mrs. Jones' father died at Burket in April, 1889. Her mother died at the home of Mrs. Jones in April, 1909. There were eleven children in the Hire family, and the four now living are: Isaac B.; Lillie, wife of Charles C. Eggleston, of California; Alfred, a resident of Warsaw; and Mrs. Jones. ;

Mrs. Jones was reared on her father's farm in this county and was educated in the common schools. She still lives on the old Jones farm in Seward Township.

Mr. and Mrs. Jones had eight children: Clement A., who mar-: ried Mary Cook, and lives in Franklin Township; Lugarda R., unmarried; Milton E., who married Jennie Wilson and lives in Harrison Township; Charles H., who married Stella Warren, and lives at Burket; Rudolph G., who married Bessie Kesecker, and lives on the old homestead; Myrtle, wife of George W. Dickey, of Harrison Township; Vernon, who married Rohad Mollinhour of Franklin Township; and Neva G., who was born March 6, 1892, and still lives with her mother. :

Mrs. Jones is a devout member of the United Brethren church at Burket. Mr. Jones was converted to that faith in early manhood, and lived an exemplary Christian life for forty-three years. He was a democrat in politics. ;

Besides her own children. Mrs. Jones is comforted in her declining years by the presence of eighteen grandchildren and also four great-grandchildren, besides many relatives and the hosts of friends who esteem it a privilege to be accorded a place in the friendship of this kindly old lady.

Percy M. Bercen. Any locality or section is benefited by the introduction of progressive useful enterprise from other regions. Without such admixture of other ideas and other methods any community is bound to stand still. ;

One of Kosciusko County's leading stock farmers and feeders is Percy M. Bergen, who came to this county from Iowa, where his father has long been prominent in the stock feeding business and every year sends cattle to the market by the train load. His father is owner of extensive tracts of land in Iowa, and it was in that state that Percy M. Bergen acquired his practical knowledge of farming and stock husbandry.

Mr. Bergen was born in Benton County, Iowa, March 20, 1890, son of William and Blanche (Martyn) Bergen. He was reared on the home farm, educated in common schools, and in 1907, entered Winona College in Indiana, where he was graduated in 1911. Having a thirst for adventure, he then enlisted in the Coast Artillery Service of the United States Army and is now a retired army man with a creditable record of three years' service and an honorable discharge. After leaving the army Mr. Bergen came to Kosciusko County and bought the farm where he now lives on route No. 6 in Wayne Township. He has 109 acres, and is following the practice of buying cattle and hogs in Chicago and feeding them for market.

Mr. Bergen married Olive Mitterling, who was born in Kosciusko County and is also a graduate of Winona School. They have two children, Mary and Jeanne. Mr. and Mrs. Bergen are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

CuHarRLIE H. Hapner has been a well to do citizen of Kosciusko County through his continued enterprise spread over a period of years as a farmer. The farm which he now owns and which has become so productive and profitable under his management is the place where he spent his early life, known as the old Hapner farm in section 2. of Monroe Township, a mile and a half south and three-quarters of a mile west of Pierceton, on the rural route No. 3.

Mr. Hapner was born there March 6, 1879, son of Henry C. and Janette S. (Weston) Hapner. Henry C. Hapner was born in Montgomery County, Ohio, October 13, 1831, and died August 11, 1915, at the advanced age of eighty-four. He was a pioneer of Kosciusko County, having located in Jackson Township in September, 1839. After coming to the county some years later he married for his first wife Sarah Zimmerman. In 1863 he moved to Monroe Township, and here his first wife died. Their children were Jacob, Anna M., George, Nancy C., Elmer, Nathan, Cyrus and Harrison. Henry C. Hapner by his second wife had just one child, Charlie H. The mother of Charlie H. Hapner was born in Monroe Township and spent all her life there. She died March 10, 1913. She was a member of the Disciples Church at Salem. Henry C. Hapner was a farmer all his life, and at the same time operated extensively as a thresherman and saw miller.

married Miss Etta J. Clouse, who was born in Monroe Township November 2, 1880, daughter of Lewis and Ann (Idle) Clouse. Her father was born in Monroe Township May 18, 1848, and died September 5, 1914. Her mother was born in Champaign County, Ohio, August 14, 1842, and died June 3, 1912, having been brought to Kosciusko County at the age of sixteen. Both Mr. and Mrs. Clouse were active in the Christian Church. Bs After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Hapner located upon the farm where they have managed so industriously and have been so successful in accumulating those things which make life comfortable and happy. They have one daughter, Mildred M., born March 9, 1902. She graduated from the common schools at the age of fourteen and is now a student in the Pierceton High School. The family are members of the Christian Church and have done much to sustain the various church activities. Mr. Hapner is a republican but his citizenship has been of the quiet kind, evidenced chiefly in voting and in doing his part unofficially to support wise and well considered community enterprises.

WILLIAM SHAND is a native of Scotland, has lived in America nearly half a century and has exemplified all the sturdy and keen traits of his native land. He has been a successful farmer and is rated as one of the men of achievement, intelligence and fine citizenship in Monroe Township, where for a number of years he has owned a good farm comprising the northwest quarter of section 17.

His birth occurred in Forfarshire, Scotland, March 10, 1846, and his parents, William and Elizabeth (Smith) Shand, spent most of their lives in Scotland, but in 1872 came to the United States and located at Troy, Missouri, where the father died. The mother passed away in Indiana.

Mr. Shand grew to maturity in his native land, and attended schools to the age of fourteen. After that he worked and had a good deal of experience in making his own way in the world before he set out for America in 1869. For a number of years Mr. Shand was a resident of Missouri. He married there on October 10, 1872, Miss Narnev Pressley. She was born September 12, 1856, ten miles from Troy. Missouri, in Lincoln County, and was reared and educated there. For five years after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Shand continued to live in Missouri on a rented farm. In 1877 they came to Indiana and were residents at Goodland for thirteen years. They moved in 1903 to Monroe Township of Kosciusko County and bought the fine farm of 180 acres where they now reside and where they have been prospered abundantly.

Mr. and Mrs. Shand have two sons, Frank, born March 1, 1874, lives in Montana and married Gertrude Goldsbury. William A., born June 4. 1893, is married and lives in Indiana. The family are inembers of the Presbyterian Church and Mr. Shand is a republican.

OrANcE H. Bowman. Among the substantial people of Kosciusko County with whom industry has been the keynote of their lives a family of special interest is that of Orange H. Bowman. Mr. Bowman has spent nearly all his life in Kosciusko County, and for a number of: years was a very successful and talented teacher. He is now proprietor of the Stony Brook Farm in Monroe Township near Pierceton, and is performing that service which means so much in this present critical time, supplying a large quantity of pure milk to the community of Pierceton.

Mr. Bowman was born in Monroe Township of Kosciusko County December 10, 1868, a son of Thomas and Eliza (Vandegrift) Bowman. His parents were born and reared and married in Stark County, Ohio, and in 1868 moved to Kosciusko County, Indiana, where they spent the rest of their lives. They had six children.

Orange H. Bowman was reared on a farm in Monroe Township, had a common school education, and afterwards graduated from the State Normal School and has a life certificate as a teacher. He did some fine work in the schoolroom both as a teacher and school administrator, and at one time was superintendent of the Mentone and South Whitley schools. While his abilities were such as to justify his remaining in the educational profession, his hearing became impaired and he had to abandon that vocation for farming. The Stony Brook Farm comprises 133 acres a mile and a half from Pierceton in Monroe Township. It is the home of a herd of fine Jersey cattle and Mr. Bowman has shown as much vigor and ability in managing his dairy farm as he formerly did in educational work. His farm largely supplies the town of Pierceton with pure milk.

Mr. Bowman has six children: Emily, a graduate of the Illinois University ; Thomas, a graduate of the local high school; Eva, also a high school graduate, and now in training in Chicago for a nurse; and Agnes, Philip and David, who are still in school. Mr. Bowman is affiliated with the Masonic Lodge and the Eastern Star, and in politics is a republican.

Eston E. McCurntic has been a factor in the good citizenship of Kosciusko County for a number of years and at Syracuse his business has been as a contractor in the manufacture and handling of cement products. He has done much cement construction of all types, and his contracts cover a wide area around Syracuse. It is a very successful business and he is a man of such experience and ability as to carry out fully and in detail every contract he undertakes.

He represents a family that has been in Kosciusko County for three generations. Mr. McClintic was born in Turkey Creek Township July 12, 1875, a son of John and Lydia (Koher) McClintic. His grandfather, Eston McClintic, came to Kosciusko County more than eighty years ago and developed a homestead from the midst of the wilderness. John MecClintic was born in Turkey Creek Township February 7, 1837. Lydia Koher was born March 19, 1849. They married September 20, 1874, and then began housekeeping at the old McClintic farm and homestead. John McClintie acquired that property and he and his wife spent their years on it. He was an active member of the United Brethren Church and a democrat in polities. There were four sons in the family: Eston E.; Charles F., born Oc- tober 28, 1876; Martin V., born July 14, 1878, and now representing the third generation of the family to live on the old homestead; and ay born February 22, 1885, lost his life by accident Devember

Eston E. McClintie grew up on the home farm and attended district school until the age of fourteen. He then started to make his own way in the world and for a time was a farm laborer at wages of ten dollars a month. On February 8, 1896, he married Miss Blanch M., a daughter of Daniel and Rebecca Angel Searfoss. Mrs. McClintic was born in Turkey Creek Township November 13, 1880. Her father was born in Pennsylvania March 2, 1849, and her mother in Turkey Creek Township in 1853. Both are still living. -

Mr. and Mrs. McClintie have five children: John B., born September 6, 1896, married Velma Poppenfos; Harry D., born February 3, 1901; Elizabeth, born January 7, 1909; Charles born March 20, 1913; James W., born June 12, 1915. The family are members of the United Brethren Church and Mr. McClintic is trustee of the parsonage. He is affiliated with Syracuse Lodge No. 454, Free and Accepted Masons, and the Royal Arch Chapter No. 124. He has always taken a keen interest in local affairs, and is considered one of the men of influence in the democratic party in his section of the county.

Jonas H. ALLSBAuGH has been one of the useful citizens in Kosciusko County for many years. The medium through which he has given his most productive service is as a farmer and stockman, Mr, Allsbaugh's home farm is in section 16 of Jackson Township, three and one half miles north of Manchester and four and one half miles southwest of Sidney. Besides his eighty acres there he has eighty acres just over the Wabash County line in Chester Township. What he has today

-he has made largely through his industry and thrifty energy, and has never asked for opportunities and privileges that were not open to every other man. Mr. Allsbaugh has made something of a specialty of the breeding of Duroc hogs. He was born in Montgomery County, Ohio, October 20, 1863, a son of John and Rebecca (Horning) Allsbaugh. His father was born at Berne, Switzerland, and came to the United States when about twenty-five years of age. He had worked at and learned the trade of miller in the old country, and though paid exceedingly meager wages he saved enough to bring himself and a brother to the United States. He first located at Cincinnati, Ohio, and engaged in the dairy business, but soon lost all he had in that venture. From there he moved to Montgomery County, and found employment on a farm at eight dollars a month. A few years later his wages were raised to $100 a year, and he eventually married the daughter of his employer. She was a native of Pennsylvania. They rented a farm for a time and eventually they left Ohio, and started on a journey across country with wagons and teams bound for Kansas. The little property he had he traded for forty acres of Kansas land, but later returned to Indiana and settled three miles southeast of North Manchester. Later he rented another farm, and finally bought eighty acres and on that homestead spent the rest of his life. He and his wife were members of the Progressive Dunkard Church. There are six children: Edwin, a farmer five and one half miles southeast of North Manchester; Jonas H.; Martha, wife of Elmont Kosher, of North Manchester; Emma, unmarried; Ella, wife of T. E. Reed, of Hope, Indiana; and Della, unmarried and living at Akron, Ohio.

Jonas H. Allsbaugh grew up on his father's farm in Wabash County, attended the district schools there, and at the age of twenty started out for himself. Like his father he also worked by the month on farms, and earned his living in that way for five years.

December 28, 1887, Mr. Allsbaugh married Miss Nancy D. Scholl. She was born in LaGrange County, Indiana, June 10, 1866, and was a small girl when her parents moved to Wabash County, where she grew up and received her education in the district schools. They have two children: Verling R., a graduate of the common schools and is now running the old Allsbaugh farm in Wabash County. He married Lydia Heater. Orin K., the second son, is a graduate of the local schools, attended high school, and is now in the Great Lakes Naval Training Station at Chicago.

JOHN S. VANDERVEER is a sterling representative of the agricultural interests of Kosciusko County, and in his work has exemplified many of the careful, industrious and methodical traits of the people of Holland, of which country he is a native.

Mr. Vanderveer was born in Holland June 22, 1869, a son of Sebrant and Gertrude (Gilstraa) Vanderveer. These honest Dutch parents brought their family to America in 1871, seeking better opportunities for them, and located in Elkhart County. The mother died there October 22, 1873, and the father afterwards moved to Kosciusko County and died here in 1907. They had five children, two of whom died in Holland. The two stilll living besides John S. are Richard, a lawyer and a member of the Warsaw bar, and Edith, wife of John O. Sheets of Elkhart County.

John S. Vanderveer was two years old when brought to America and he has no conscious recollections of his native land. He grew up on a farm, was educated in the common schools, and from early life has been dependent upon his own resources. The prosperity he has accumulated is the result of his energy and the effective co-operation of his good wife. His home comprises eighty acres of good land in section 2 of Jefferson Township.

Mr. Vanderveer married Elizabeth Brown, who died leaving no children. For his second wife he married Ella Overholt, and they have two children living and one dead; Howard R., who was born in 1909, and died in 1910. The two living are Merrill O., born in 1911, and Verda Maree, born in 1914. Mrs, Vanderveer is an active church member, and in polities Mr. Vanderveer votes as a democrat.

ciusko County is in the nature of a consistent tribute not only to his individual and personal qualifications for that office, but also to the high standing of the Longenecker family, which has been identified with this section of Northern Indiana for more than sixty years, and ae exemplified some of the best virtues of manhood and good citizenship.

The old Longenecker homestead was near North Webster, and it was on the farm there that Conrad D. Longenecker was born March 18, 1859. He was one of four children, and all of them are still living. Their parents were Isaac and Sarah (Brumbaugh) Longenecker, early representatives of that sterling stock of early settlers known as German Baptists or Dunkards. Isaac Longeneécker, who was born in Juniata County, Pennsylvania, came to Kosciusko County in 1852, bringing with him his wife and two children. He settled in Tippecanoe Township and while living there accumulated a fine farm and enjoyed the best of reputation among his fellow men. He had grown up impressed by the teachings of honesty, truthfulness and industry, practiced those qualities all his life, and was a lover of country and manifested a deep veneration for the Almighty. He took no active part in politics but gave his life to his home and to the endeavors in which he was successful to provide liberally and wisely for his loved ones. His death occurred January 24, 1888, while his widow passed away January 21, 1906. When the Longenecker family came to Kosciusko County much of the land was still wild and unimproved, and Isaac Longenecker deserves credit for bringing a large number of acres from the dominion of the wilderness into fruitful crops.

Not all the hard work had been accomplished on the old homestead when Conrad D. Longenecker grew to years where his work could be utilized. Almost as far back as he could remember he was employed at some task on the home farm, and his early education was limited to winter terms of the district schools. He lived at home with his parents until the age of twenty-five and had in that time learned and thoroughly practiced the principles of honesty, industry and thrift upon which he has relied for his advancement through the world.

On November 20, 1884, he married Miss Amanda Stull, whose people were among the earliest settlers of Elkhart County. After his marriage Mr. Longenecker took up farming on his own responsibilities and combined that with the carpenter trade, which he learned and in which he became skillful as a young man. From his farm ke was ealled into the county seat of Warsaw by his election to the office of county clerk in 1910, and has now given five years of much appreciated service in that office. He still owns eighty acres of farming land, and is one of the county's highly successful and popular pee

In politics he is a republican, and he and his wife are members 0 the Progressive Dunkard Church. Not least among his distinctions ee the fine family of children whom he and his wife have brought into the world and have endeavored to give the best of training and advantages. Their names are : Charles I.; Beatrice, Mrs. I. C. Harbaugh; William R.; Rose; Claude M.; Chester M.; Opal; Fern; and Gerald H.

Roserr C. Irwin is a member of the Irwin family that has been identified with Kosciusko County for over half a century and his own life, beginning at manhood without capital, has been made effective through his energy and industry, so that he has been able to provide his family with the comforts of a good farm and home. His farm is in Prairie Township on rural route No. 5 and eight miles northwest of Warsaw.

Mr. Irwin was born in Logan County, Ohio, June 11, 1851, son of Stewart and Sarah A. (Richie) Irwin. The parents were both natives of Ireland. His mother came to the United States at the age of nineteen, and his father when a young man. After their marriage they lived on a farm six miles northwest of Bellefontaine in Logan County, Ohio, until 1856, and then brought their family to Kosciusko County. In Washington Township near Wooster they bought 160 acres, but sold that in 1863 and for a year owned a place of 160 acres near North Webster. Selling this, the family settled in Prairie Township April 4, 1864, and that was the home of the parents the rest of their years. Stewart Irwin died in Harrison Township and his wife passed away October 12, 1917. He was a republican in politics. Their children still living are as follows: Robert C.; John R., a farmer north of Atwood; William G., who also lives north of Atwood; Sarah, wife of Frank Harmon; James S., whose home is in Wisconsin; and Sherman C., of Chattanooga, Tennessee.

Robert C. Irwin spent his boyhood from the age of five years in Washington, Tippecanoe and Prairie townships of this county, and during the winter terms attended the neighboring district schools. He was well prepared for the responsibilities of life by training at home, but when on October 25, 1873, he married Ellen J. Bradley he had no capital that would suffice for an independent existence. Therefore, they adapted themselves to circumstances and began housekeeping in a log building. He worked at anything that he could find, rented land, and by much work and thrift accumulated the means which enabled him to buy sixty acres of the land where he now lives.

Mrs. Irwin died July 24, 1893. She was the mother of seven children, five of whom are still living: Clark W., a graduate of the common and high schools, married C. Hawley, a graduate of high school; Charles W., who is married and lives in Wisconsin; Thomas C., unmarried and at home; Howard, who is married and lives in North Dakota; Fay, wife of Frank Huffer of Prairie Township. Mr. Irwin is a member of the Ancient Order of Gleaners, and has been satisfied merely to vote as a republican without aspirations for public office.

A. H. Brown is one of the live and highly successful business men of Leesburg. He came to Kosciusko County in 1890, being at that time a young man of twenty-seven years who, however, had never accumulated any money as a result of his varied experiences and hard work. He continued his hard working plan after coming to the county, helped operate a threshing machine outfit, but laid the foundation of his real success by using his experience and native ability as a trader. Mr. Brown is regarded by his friends and associates as almost infalli- ble in his business judgment, and the large amount of property he has amassed is proof that his friends are well justified in making the assertion.

He is one of the leading farmers around Leesburg and is still extensively engaged in real estate. Mr. Brown owns a 540-acre farm in Plain Township, has 200 acres in Wayne Township, owns a large amount of valuable property in Turkey Creek Township, and has a big business as a hardware and building material merchant at Leesburg. He also owns a section of land in North Dakota.

He was born in Carroll County, Indiana, October 12, 1853, son of Thomas and Charlotte (Wells) Brown. His father was born in Hagerstown, Maryland, while the mother was a native of Dayton, Ohio, and they married in that state. On moving to Indiana they located in Carroll County and spent their last years in Cass County, Michigan, where they died. His father was a farmer and the mother was active in the United Brethren Church. Of the nine children only four are still living: Jennie, widow of Loren Moody; Lucy, widow of William Van Norman; William H., a resident of Dowagiac, Michigan; and A. H. Brown.

Mr. A. H. Brown married Miss Fannie Nixon. They had .one daughter, Ilah M., who is a graduate of the Leesburg High School and is the wife of F. D. Irwin. Mr. Brown lost his wife in 1885, and now lives with his daughter. He is affiliated with the Elks Lodge at Warsaw and in politics is a republican.

CaLvin A. Poor. The name of Calvin A. Poor is familiar among the agriculturists of Kosciusko County as belonging to one of its most industrious citizens and a man who occupies a high position in business circles. He has been the architect of his own fortune, having made his own way in the world from a modest beginning, and has proven a fine example of the beneficial results of patient industry, a wise economy and well-directed judgment. While he is practically retired from active affairs, having passed the age of three score and ten years, he is still interested in the advancement and prosperity of his community, in which practically all of his life has been passed, and the growth and development of which he has watched and fostered.

Mr. Poor was born in Jackson County, Ohio, September 13, 1844, and is a son of John and Sabina (Crarey) Poor, his grandfather being Hugh Poor, who died in the Buckeye State. John Poor was born in Ohio in 1810, and in early life learned the trade of shoemaker, which time-honored vocation he followed during his early years. However, he decided that agriculture offered better opportunities for success, and accordingly, in 1847, he gathered together his possessions, and with his family came to Kosciusko County, settling on a farm in the near vicinity of Warsaw. Here he labored faithfully and industriously to such good purpose that he accumulated 240 acres of land, which he improved with good farm structures, and which was his home at the time of his death, in 1894. While Mr. Poor was not what would be termed a scholar at this time, he was fairly well read and educated for his day, and his sterling qualities of character fully made up for any book learning which he might have lacked. He was a faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and took am active and helpful part in its work, as did also his wife, and his children were reared in that faith. Mr. Poor was a republican, but not a politician, while his fraternal affiliation was with the Masons. While still a resident of Ohio Mr. Poor was married to Miss Sabina Crarey, who was born in Virginia, in 1814, and died at the age of seventy years in Kosciusko County, and they became the parents of eight children, of whom five are living, as follows: Mary, who is the widow of Eli Hayden and resides in the State of Oregon; David, who is engaged in agricultural operations in Kosciusko County; Calvin A.; Susanna, who is the wife of Mr. Pike and lives on the old homestead ; and Ellen, who is Mrs. Rudolph Huffer, and also lives on the old family place. +

Calvin A. Poor received his education in the country schools of Kosciusko County, and like other farmers' sons of his day and locality when not employed with his books was expected to devote himself to the cultivation of the homestead land. He grew to manhood with the ambition and determination to become a good farmer, and remained under the training of his father until long after he had reached his majority. Mr. Poor established a home of his own at the time of his marriage, in 1875, to Miss Mary O. Stinson, who was born in Kosciusko County, Indiana, daughter of John W. Stinson, one of the early settlers of this county, who still resides here at an advanced age.

Mr. Poor came to his present property in 1885, and during thirty years has brought about many changes. He has a full set of commodious, modern buildings, equipped with every implement for the expeditious and thorough cultivation of the soil, and during the period of his active career devoted himself principally to general farming, raising corn, wheat, oats and hay. This eighty-acre farm, one of the most valuable of its size in the locality, is now being rented, Mr. Poor having practically retired from active life. He is a republican in his political views, and he and Mrs. Poor are faithful members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Poor's life has been a long, full and useful one, and he is eminently entitled to the comfort and rest which he now enjoys, as well as to the respect and regard of his fellowcitizens, among whom he has lived so long. r:

CHarLEs W. Tucker has known Kosciusko County as his home all his life and is junior partner of the firm Downer & Tucker, furniture dealers and undertakers at Claypool.

Mr. Tucker was born in Seward Township of this county February 26, 1873, a son of Joshua and Catherine (Hartung) Tucker. His father was born in Wabash County, Indiana, in 1844, and served four years as a soldier of the Union Army, enlisting as a boy and coming out of the war when scarcely of age. After the war he came to Kosciusko County, married, and settled in Seward Township, and lived there until his death. Though he began life poor, he gave a good account of his abilities and services and developed a good farm of 120 acres. His wife was born in Pennsylvania in 1843. They had ten children, all of whom are still living, five sons and five daughters, namely: Lewis; Charles W.; Ellis; Otis C.; Ova E.; Dora, wife of Fred McCherry; Fluella J., wife of Orville Blue; Leona, wife of Justin Bunner; Zuda K.; and Mertie Wertenberger.

_ Mr. Charles W. Tucker grew up on his father's farm and had a district school education. He married Miss Birdie W. Arnold, who was born in Claypool and was educated in the schools of that village. They have had six children. Merle. Clarice (deceased), Jennie, Chauncey, Mahlon and Eva. Mr. Tucker is a past noble grand of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He votes as a republican. Besides his business he is a stockholder in the local bank at Claypool.

Ot1s C. Dick is a native of Kosciusko County, and has proved his worth and value to his community as a hard worker and progressive young business man. He is now secretary and treasurer and manager of the Claypool Lumber and Coal Company.

Mr. Dick was born in Clay Township, November 13. 1881, a son of Tra and Flora (Marshall) Dick, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Kosciusko County. Ira Dick has for many years been ene of the skillful carpenters of Clay Township. He is a democrat and a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In the family were two children, Otis C. and Mattie.

Otis C. Dick attended the village schools of Claypool until finishing the work of the common schools. and then started out to make his own living and way in the world. He learned the trade of carpenter, snd worked at it several years. He then entered the service of a local Jumber company at Claypool, and at the end of eighteen months was made manager. When the company was incorporated he was elected secretary and treasurer.

Mr. Dick married Florence Linn. They have two children, Robert and Herbert. They are active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr. Dick is past noble grand of Claypool Lodge, No. 515, of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and has sat in the Grand Ledge. He is also past commander of the Knights of the Maccabees. Politically he votes as an independent.

MicnareL A. CAuFFMAN. Though not a native son of Kosciusko County, Michael A. Cauffman has lived here since early childhood, and is a member of a family whose activities have made them during the last half century among the most prominent and substantial citizens of Clay Township.

Mr. Cauffman was born in Michigan June 5, 1859, son of John and Eva (Sellers) Cauffman. His parents were born and married in Pennsylvania, and after their marriage moved west to Michigan and lived in the vicinity of Niles about five years. They then came to Clay township, and bought the land in section 29 where their son Michael now lives. John Cauffman was not only a capable farmer, but was a minister of the Evangelical Church, and continued preaching until overtaken by advanced age. He was a republican, but was satisfied merely to vote. He was twice married, and had four children by his first wife, all now deceased, and nine by the second marriage, six of whom are still living: Michael A.; Amelia, wife of Jacob O. Deaton, of Claypool; Levi F., of Lake Township; Nancy, wife of Richard Brown, of Nebraska; Pierce, roadmaster for the Big Four Railway Company, with headquarters at Wabash, Indiana; and John A., who is the present trustee of Clay Township.

Michael A. Cauffman grew up on the farm where he now lives and. attended the district schools until he was about thirteen years old. After that he lived at home and helped work the farm until twentyfour.

In September, 1886, he married Miss Elizabeth Bause, who was born in Seward Township of this county, a daughter of George Bause. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Cauffman lived twelve years on a farm two and one half miles east of Claypool. They then moved into the village of Claypool and he worked there and in the vicinity until the spring of 1900, when he bought the old homestead, and his capable management of this farm of eighty-nine acres has given him his most solid prosperity.

'Mr. and Mrs. Cauffman have four children. Tressie B., a graduate of the common schools, is the wife of Eli Smith, of Clay Township. Elsie G., a graduate of high school and a former teacher, is now the wife of Lawrence Beigh, of Clay Township. Foster W. is a graduate of the common and high schools, also taught for a time, and is now a farmer in Clay Township. He married Testa Arnold. Lester R., a graduate of high school, lives in Lake Township and married Ruth Garman. All of Mr. Cauffman's children are farmers. He has one grandchild. Mr. Cauffman is a republican.

JamMES F. Denny settled on his present farm four and one half miles southeast of Claypool, in Clay Township, thirty years ago, and although he and his wife began as renters, they have since acquired the land and done much to develop it in value and facilities. Mr. Denny has not only prospered in a business way, but is father of a family that does him credit, and altogether the Dennys are people much above the average in education, general intelligence, and in their usefulness to themselves and their community.

Mr. Denny was born on the farm that he now owns March 4, 1863, a son of James and Lucinda (Fisher) Denny. His father was born in North Carolina in 1826 and died February 22, 1867, his death being the result of an accident while he was loading logs. His wife was born in Seneca County, Ohio, in 1840, and died October 14, 1912. Both the Denny and Fisher families came to Indiana in early days and James and Lucinda were reared here, and after their marriage settled in Wabash County, but later moved to the farm in Clay Township where they spent their last years. Mrs. Lucinda Denny was an active member of the Christian Church. Of their seven children five are still living: Emanuel F., a banker and cattle man of Nebraska; Elizabeth, wife of Henry Crider, living in Kansas; Joseph, of Elkhart, Indiana ; James F.; and Rosella, wife of Oscar Feigley, of Wisconsin.

the winters were spent attending the district school. On March 10, 1888, a few days after his twenty-fifth birthday, he married Miss Lettie V. Corrall. Mrs. Denny was born in Kosciusko County and was educated here in the local schools. After their marriage they located on the farm of 120 acres which their united thrift and industry enabled them to buy later, and here they have made their success in life and enjoy the esteem of an entire community. Mr. Denny is also a stockholder in the Packertown Elevator Company. He is independent in politics and his wife is a member of the United Brethren Church at Claypool.

Their six children are: Roy, who is married and lives at Three Rivers, Michigan ; Cecil, wife of William Richardson, of South Whitley, Indiana; Prudy, wife of George Petrie, of Clay Township; Dafrema, wife of Ermon McGown, of Harrison Township; James, who is in the service of the United States Government in Texas; and Sparks, who lives on the home farm with his father and married Clara Shull. Mr. and Mrs. Denny also have eight grandchildren.

GrorcE MERKLE. There seems to be no limit to what a man may achieve and the forces and instruments of industry he may come to control provided he has the proper equipment of intelligence and industry and directs his efforts in the right place and with sufficient persistency. 'Thus twenty-five or thirty years ago George Merkle was known to only a small community in his native State of Illinois as a hard-working tenant farmer. Nearly every one in Kosciusko County knows him in the role of an extensive farmer and land owner, banker and business man, one of the men most directly concerned and interested in the business affairs of Claypool.

Mr. Merkle's home farm is three and one fourth miles southeast of Claypool. He was born in Iroquois County, Illinois, June 30, 1868, son of Christ and Helen (Thascher) Merkle. His parents are both now deceased and their lives were spent as Illinois farmers. George Merkle grew up on a farm, had a district school education, supplemented by commercial and preparatory cqurses in the Grand Prairie Seminary, and his life was spent quietly at home until twenty-one.

His marriage to Jennie Wallace, of the same county and state, brought him a most valued companion and coadjutor, and together they have solved many of the problems and difficulties that vexed their progress. Mr. and Mrs. Merkle farmed on the renting plan for eight years. For ten years or more Mr. Merkle supplemented his earnings by teaching school. After realizing some capital in Illinois, he sold his interests and moved to some of the cheaper lands of Paulding County, Ohio. He was in that section about two years, and in 1907 came to Kosciusko County, where he bought his present place of 300 acres. Since then his business interests have reached out in various other directions.

Mr. Merkle was one of the organizers and from the first has been president of the State Bank of Claypool. The other officers and directors are: J. O. Deaton, vice president; E. W. Kinsey, cashier; and Leroy W. Caldwell, secretary of the Board of Directors.

Mr. Merkle is also president of the Farmers Elevator Company at Packertown. Levi Fruit is vice president, W. M. Reed is secretary, and the other directors are Samuel Smith and Ode Fisher.

Mr. and Mrs. Merkle have five children: Roy, born in 1897; Frank, born in 1899; Alice, born in 1907; George, born in 1909; and Robert, born in 1916. Mrs. Merkle is a member of the Catholic Church. Mr. Merkle is affiliated with the Odd Fellows Lodge at Claypool.

Jacos O. Deaton. Clay Township, the village of Claypool, and all that section of Kosciusko County have in many ways been impressed by the abilities and influence of the Deaton family, who have lived here over half a century. Few names recur more frequently in the annals of that locality.

The old Deaton homestead of 200 arres. a mile and a half east of Claypool, is now owned and managed by Jacob O. Deaton, who when a youth had the responsibility of helping his widowed mother and the other children in lifting the heavy incumbrance upon the farm, and after those obligations were cleared away Mr. Deaton settled down to a life of prosperity and vigorous agricultural management which continues to the present time.

His great-grandparents were George W. and Susanna (Ream) Deaton. George W. Deaton was born in Botetourt County, Virginia, in 1785, and died in that state in 1826. His wife was also a native of Virginia. During the War of 1812 he bore arms for his country, and after his death his widow moved to Clark County, Ohio, taking with her six sons and three daughters. She died there in 1867. All her children grew up and became well to do and prosperous citizens.

William Deaton, grandfather of Jacob O. Deaton. was proprietor of a saw mill in Clark County, Ohio, and spent his life there. William Deaton married Catherine Leffel, and their oldest son was George W. Deaton.

The founder of the family in Kosciusko County was George W. Deaton, who was born and reared in Clark County, Ohio. March 9, 1856, he married Miss Frances Fortney, a daughter of Jacob and Ann (Knoops) Fortney. In March, 1863, George W. Deaton brought his family to Kosciusko County and settled in Clay Township on land now owned by his son Jacob O. He continued to live in that locality the rest of his life. He and his wife were very active members of the Mount Pleasant Episcopal Church, and he was chorister and otherwise active in the church service. He was prominent in local republican politics, had much eloquence as a speaker, and in 1872 his personal popularity enabled him to overcome the normal democratic majority of eighty, and he had the distinction of being the first republican elected trustee of Clay Township. He was also a charter member of the Grange at Claypool. He was a hard worker, and but for the fact that his life came to a close when still in the prime of his years he would doubtless have accumulated a large estate. 'As it was he left to his family over 200 acres of land, and they assumed and paid off the obligation. George W. Deaton and wife had eight chil-

Jacob O. Deaton was born in Clark County, Ohio, and was about five years of age when his parents came to Kosciusko County. He grew up here, attended the common schools, and was nineteen years of age when his father died. He remained at home, and worked steadily until $8,000 was cleared off the homestead, and for that time he received wages of $100 a year. He now owns 200 acres of the old homestead, having greatly improved and enhanced the value of the property, and now owns one of the most complete modern rural estates in the county.

August 21, 1883, Mr. Deaton married Miss Mealy Cauffman, a sister of Mr. J. A. Cauffman, elsewhere noted in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Deaton have nine children: George W., born June 2, 1884; John L., born September 23, 1885; Florence E., born June 1, 1888, wife of Carl Haines; Fluella B., born June 16, 1890, and now the wife of Horace Tucker, grandson of Horace Tucker; Fern C., born March 30, 1892, a former school teacher and now the wife of Ernest Carr, of Lake Township; Sherman B., born February 5, 1895, a former school teacher but now a farmer; Ruth A., born November 23, 1896, and also a teacher; Orie B., born July 29, 1898, who has taught school two terms; and Delphia, born March 7, 1903.

The family are active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Claypool. Mr. Deaton is affiliated with the Knights of the Maccabees, and is one of the influential republicans of this part of the county. He served as committeeman from 1880 to 1912, and was a member of the county commissioners from 1900 to January, 1907.

Besides his farm Mr. Deaton now gives much of his time to the State Bank of Claypool, which he helped organize in 1917. The officers of the bank are George Merkle, president; J. O. Deaton, vice president; E. W. Kinsey, cashier; while the other directors are Boyd Popham, Leroy Caldwell, Emery Metzger, Theodore Parker.

Joun A. Pirrencer. As breeder and raiser of thoroughbred Shropshire sheep, Berkshire hogs, Belgian horses and Shorthorn eattle, John A. Pittenger has a reputation far beyond the limits of Kosciusko County. Men far and near are accustomed to making more or less regular trips to the Big Oak Stock Farm in order to secure the finest pedigreed strains for improving their own herds. Mr. Pittenger's farm in Wayne Township is a model place of its kind, and its improvements and adaptation to the uses of modern stock raising are the results of an exceptional degree of enterprise on his part. He has spent money, patience and labor in laying the foundation of his various herds, and when it is considered how many years he has spent in this business and how carefully he has studied it it is a matter of no surprise that his stock on exhibition has taken more first premiums than

The Pittenger is a well known and prominent old family of Kosciusko County. Mr. Pittenger was born on the farm he now owns May 20, 1863, son of A. D. and Asenath (Poulson) Pittenger. He grew up here, his education coming from the common schools and the Warsaw High School. Mr. Pittenger married Vera Elder, also a native of Kosciusko County. They have three children: Ada F., Allen Dean and Vera. Mr. Pittenger is affiliated with the Improved Order of Red Men.

As a farmer he started early to develop good grades of livestock, and at first handled Shorthorn cattle exclusively. Gradually he has broadened his enterprise to include cattle, hogs, horses and sheep. His horses are all registered Belgian Percherons with recorded pedigrees recognized in all the registers of this country and abroad. He has exhibited his stock at all the county fairs, and is himself an authority on some fine points of the various strains which he has developed. Mr. Pittenger owns two fine farms, his homestead being registered under the name of Oak Stock Farm.

Rev. JoHn B. DuNKLEBERGER. The esteem and respect paid to Rev. John B. Dunkleberger is not confined to the people of Kosciusko County. As a minister of the Gospel he has served communities in various sections of Indiana and in other states, but at the same time has carried on progressive farming as a resident of Monroe Township for many years. Rev. Mr. Dunkleberger's home is nine miles southeast of Warsaw, and he is one of the foremost citizens of that locality.

He was born in Wayne Township of this county April 9, 1867, son of Daniel and Hannah V. (Peterson) Dunkleberger. His father was born in Pennsylvania and his mother in Ohio, and they married in the latter state and subsequently came to Kosciusko County and found a tract of farming land in Wayne Township southeast of Warsaw, where they were quiet and industrious and prosperous people the rest of their lives. Both were members of the United Brethren Church. Of their ten children eight are still living: Samuel, a retired farmer in Arkansas; William, a minister of the Christian Church living in Arkansas; Daniel, a preacher in the same church in Missouri; Andrew, of Claypool, Indiana; Hannah V., who is married and lives in Wyoming; David L., a minister of the Christian Church at Shelbyville, Indiana; John B.; and Mrs. Martha B. Black, of Oklahoma.

John B. Dunkleberger grew up on the old farm in Wayne Township and afterwards supplemented the education he acquired in the district schools with theological and literary studies in various localities. He spent two years in the Theological School at Canton, Missouri. He was ordained to the ministry of the Christian Church in Kosciusko County, but the first seven years of his practical ministry were spent in Iowa. On returning to Indiana he had charge of churches at St. Joseph and Newville. Then for seven years he did farming and preaching alternately.

tenger. Mrs. Dunkleberger, a daughter of William K. Pottenger, was born on the farm where she now lives and was educated in the district schools. They are the parents of two children: Russell H. and Edith M. Russell is a graduate of the public schools, has attended Valparaiso University and Winona Lake Schools, and is a teacher. Edith has acquired a good education in the public schools and has had three years of musical training. One child of Rev. Mr. Dunkleberger and wife is deceased. He carries insurance with the North American Union, and in politics is a republican. As a farmer Mr. Dunkleberger is successfully applying his efforts to the management of a hundred acres of land, and operates it as a general farm, with good livestock as the chief source of his revenue.

JoHn A. CaurrmMan. No one could spend much time in Clay Township without coming to know or know of John A. Cauffman, one of the older residents, a capable and thrifty farmer, and a man whose usefulness has made him an important factor in the community's welfare. Mr. Cauffman is now serving as township trustee.

He was born in Clay Township January 28, 1864, son of John and Eva (Sellers) Cauffman, both of whom were natives of Juniata County, Pennsylvania. They grew up and married there, and after their marriage lived about five years in Michigan, and from there moved to Kosciusko County and settled on a farm two miles south of Claypool, in Clay Township. John Cauffman was not only a practical farmer, but also a minister of the Evangelical Church for many years. He was a republican voter. By his second wife he had nine children, five of whom are still living: Michael, a farmer on the home place two miles south of Claypool; Amelia, wife of J. O. Deaton, of Clay Township; John A.; Levi, a farmer in Lake Township; Nancy, wife of Richard Brown, living in Nebraska; and the other members of the family, including one who died in infancy, are Alice, who married Jacob W. Shoemaker, and Cora, who became the wife of Rev. Mr. Hill.

John A. Cauffman spent his boyhood days on the old farm south of Claypool. After attending the district schools he went to work for the railway on the section gang, and for sixteen years was section foreman. In the meantime he married Mary Garman, who left him three sons: Earl O., a graduate of the common schools and high school and now a resident of Montana; Carl, who also graduated from high school and lives on one of his father's farms; Edward, who in addition to his high school course, graduated from Winona and was formerly superintendent of the Burkett public schools, is now serving in the United States Army. For his second wife Mr. Cauffman married Lydia Dick. They have two children, Raymond and Marjorie, both graduates of the common schools.

The family are members of the United Brethren Church at Claypool. Mr. Cauffman has been a sturdy republican and his personal popularity is reflected in the fact that while Clay Township normally has a margin of thirty-eight democratic majority, he was elected to his office as trustee by one vote over his opponent. Mr. Cauffman's work and character deserve all the support he has received in public affairs. His home farm comprises 120 acres, and he has another place of seventy-seven acres, and all of this represents his individual toil and good management. He is also one of the stockholders in the Farmers State Bank at Claypool.

JoHN Kies. Representing a family that came to Kosciusko County more than eighty years ago, and one of the most enterprising and prosperous agriculturists of Clay Township, John Kimes owns a splendid farm a mile and a half east and a mile north of Claypool. He has his land improved with buildings, equipped with machinery and other facilities, with home and everything in perfect order, and it constitutes a place such as may well arouse pride in what he has done.

Mr. Kimes, who is also one of the county commissioners of Kosciusko County, was born in Plain Township, about three miles north of Warsaw, January 23, 1851, a son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Gensinger) Kimes.

His father, Jacob Kimes, was born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, March 17, 1814, a son of Peter and Nancy (Leggett) Kimes. He grew to manhood in his native state, and he and Elizabeth Gensinger were married in 1833. In 1836 they moved from Ohio, where they had spent the first three years of their married life, and settled on a farm in section 31 of Plain Township, entering 118 acres from the government in the old ''Monoquet Reserve.'' That land, situated three and one half miles north of Warsaw, was in the midst of the heavy woods, and many times in the early days he had to go only a short distance from his log cabin to kill a deer; in fact it is recorded that he killed a deer the first day he arrived in the county. For years he was a noted hunter, and most of the meat consumed by the family was furnished by his rifle. In early times he took his corn to Lafayette and also to Goshen, and had many experiences in traveling over the rough roads and trails of those days. He began farming immediately upon his arrival in Kosciusko County. Prosperity came to him in large measure, and in time he owned 600 acres of land. He was a republican, first voting as a whig, and at one time served as road supervisor. His wife died in 1884, and he lived to very advanced years. He and his wife had been married more than half a century. They were the parents of eleven children, and those to reach mature years were George, Jacob, Daniel, John, Susan and Catherine. Only two are now living, John Kimes and his sister Catherine, wife of Salem Black, of Warsaw. The son George saw more than two years of service as a soldier in the Civil war.

Mr. John Kimes grew up on the old farm north ot Warsaw and his schoo] advantages were limited to the district schools during the winter, while his summers were spent on the farm. He was part of the home circle until July 4, 1875, when he married Miss Alice Kelley. Mrs. Kimes was born in Plain Township July 2, 1854, daughter of William and Celina (Parker) Kelley, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Pennsylvania. Her parents were married in Kosciusko County and they lived in Plain Township until the death of her father.

the old farm homestead five years after their marriage, and in 1880 they bought the farm where they now live, and have occupied it continuously since 1881. Mr. and Mrs. Kimes own about 300 acres. They also lived five years in the village of Claypool.

They are the parents of four children: Ona, a graduate of the common schools, is the wife of Charles Clace, of Wayne Township; Minnic is the wife of Joseph Leiter, of Clay Township; Avery, a graduate of the common schools, married Lucy Leckrone; and Horace J. lives in Clay Township and married Alma Parker.

The family are members of Mount Pleasant Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr. Kimes is one of the church officials and very active in its behalf. He is a republican in politics and has always been interested in the good of his party and the welfare of his community. As county commissioner he served one entire term, and was re-elected for a second term, but on account of ill health resigned after one year. Mr. and Mrs. Kimes have a most interesting family, and besides their own children they have seventeen grandchildren.

Emstey A. ARNOLD. There is perhaps no better known citizen in the southern part of Kosciusko County than Emsley A. Arnold, who has been a practical farmer in Lake Township most of his life.

He was born on the farm where he now resides November 19, 1861. He was reared by his grandfather, Martin Arnold, who was born in Knox County, Ohio, in 1809, and was one of the pioneer settlers of Kosciusko County. He entered 160 acres of Government Jand and lived there until his death. He was an ordained minister of the Christian Church and voted as a republican.

Emsley A. Arnold grew up on the farm, attended district schools, and lived with his grandfather unti] his marriage. December 31, 1881, Miss Amanda Garman became his wife. She was born in Allen County, Indiana, but her parents came to Kosciusko County when she was three months old, and here she grew up and received her education.

After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Arnold' farmed the old home place for seven years, then bought a farm, and subsequently acquired the 145 acres which constitutes their present home. They have two children, Oder A. and Vesta M. Oder lives just across the road from his father, and by his marriage to Alma Whitmer has one daughter. Vesta is a graduate of the common schools and is the wife of Foster Cauffman of Clay Township.

Mr. Arnold is a republican in polities. His fellow partisans and citizens have manifested such confidence in his good judgment that he is now the nominee of his party for county commissioner to represent the southern district.

Leroy W. CaLpweLi. Leroy W. Caldwell is a member of an old Clay Township family, is a man of university training and education, and is applying his efforts to the business of agriculture. His farm home two miles southwest of Claypool illustrates much of the spirit of progressiveness and efficiency that are characteristic of the intelligent and high minded generation of modern farmers.