Montgomery County, Indiana - Biographical sketches, 1911 (part 3 of 14)

"Otis had a vein of humor," said he. "A big snow-ball once came down on his teacher's head as the latter was leaving the old red schoolhouse ; and as no other lad was in sight, Otis was accused of having hit the master. He denied the charge, but explained that he threw the ball into the air and the force of gravity drew it down on the teacher's head. This reply started a discussion as to whether the boy had prevaricated or only given an extremely exact statement of facts. That same school-master had a way of punishing boys by slinging them over his shoulder and letting them hang head-down-

The ruts of an old cart-road led from the "Parade" to the red clover patch where once stood the smithy. A few gnarled apple trees were all that remained of the "choice orchard" that once surrounded the Hovey home. Moose Mountain loomed up not far away ; and more remotely were discerned the blue Thetford hills, to which the family removed when the subject of this article was about twelve years old. The lad remained, however, for a while at Hanover as the pupil and guest of his uncle Jonathan Freeman. Afterwards he went to the Thetford school, his teacher being a Mr. Hubbard. Much reading was done in the long winter evenings, by the light of the blazing fire or of dip candles economically used. Among works thus early perused were Rollins' Ancient History, the Works of Flavins Josephus, Bruce's Travel's, Cook's Voyages, Young's Night Thoughts, Milton's Paradise Lost, the biographies of Washington and Franklin, and for light reading Addison's "Spectator" in sixteen volumes. There was decided piety in the home of Roger Hovey. The boys took turns at family prayers, and the children were all drilled in the Shorter Catechism. Six days were given to farm-work, shop-work, in-door duties and the duties of the school-room ; and then came a sweet, quiet, unbroken Sabbath. When seventeen years of age Edmund became an eager reader of "The American Journal of Science and .Art." from which he got the impulse that led to his career as a scientist.

When eighteen years old Edmund went to the Thetford .\cademv, of which the Rev. John Fitch was principal. He earned the nionev to pav his tuition by teaching during his vacations at Thetford and Norwich. He joined the Thetford Congregational church in 1821, of which Dr. Asa Burton was pastor, with Rev. Charles White as colleague, who became at a later period the second president of Wabash College. Young Hovey's zeal and various talents induced the church to adopt him as a beneficiary with the ministry in view. The members "boarded him around'' and paid for his textbooks: and the ladies "cent society" undertook to clothe him. His uncle Otis gave him a calf which was sold and the monev applied for tuition. Meanwhile, as we regret to say, Roger Hovey objected to all this. He offered to give him the home and the farm if he would relinquish his plans and care for his parents in their declining years. Finally, as an older son accepted this parental offer, the father said to his younger son. "Well, Edmund. I will give you your freedom," meaning his time till he was twenty-one years of age ; the mother slipped ten dollars into his hand, and at last the way was clear for him to gain a liberal education.

Now came a new trial. So ardently did Edmund enter on his preparatory studies that his health gave way and the church discontinued its aid. His physician, Dr. Kendrick, advised a journey on horseback, generously adding, "Do not spare money if you can regain your health." He went to Saratoga, and thence to Sandwich on Cape Cod, where he was the guest and patient of his uncle, Dr. Nathaniel Freeman, who had been a member of the Continental Congress, a brigadier-general in the Revolutionary Army, and was a competent guide to various localities of historic interest. Health and vigor thus regained Edmund resumed his preparatory studies, being aided financially by Judge Joseph Reed and others.

In the spring of 1825, Mr. Hovej^ entered as freshman at Dartmouth College, and wrote to his parents formally announcing it to be thenceforward "the great object of life to benefit mankind." He was graduated with honor, in 1828, being a Phi Beta Kappa man, in a class of forty-one, more than half of whom entered the Gospel ministry. His theological studies were pursued at Andover Seminary, where he mainly supported himself by his skill as carpenter and blacksmith; also doing mission work during vacations in Vermont and Canada. Many of his college classmates were with him at Andover; but the most intimate friend of them all, Caleb Mills, deferred entering the Seminary two years in order to take a Sabbath-school agency at the West, thus being graduated from Andover in 1833, while Hovey was graduated in 1831, and was licensed to preach November 27, 1830.

On a frosty Monday morning, September 26, 1831, six young men walked from Andover to East Bradford, where, in what is now known as the Groveland church, they were ordained as home missionaries, by the Presbytery of Newburyport, "to go into the Western country," namely: Daniel Cole Blood, Asaph Boutelle, Nathaniel Smith Folsom. Edmund Otis Hovey, Benjamin Labaree and Jason Chapin. Dr. Gardiner B. Perry presided and made the consecrating prayer ; the sermon was by Rev. Mr. Storrs ; the charge was by Dr. Daniel Dana ; and the right hand of fellowship was given by Rev. Mr. Phelps.

The plans of "The Western Band" were sadly broken into by the sudden death of Dr. Cushman, general agent for the West. Medical men told them that they and their wives would sink under the climate in a year. A man who had gone five hundred miles on horseback in Indiana reported its main features to be "bad roads and fever and ague." On the other hand, Boutelle, who went among the Ojibways, wrote back that it was "no farther from

Minnesota to Heaven than from dear old Andover." Tliere are indications that it was Mr. Hovey's original intention to go as chaplain to Fort Brady on the Saulte Ste. Marie; although Indiana was also seriously tliought of. He was in suspense.

In college days a classmate, Horace E. Carter, was ill with typhoid fever and died in ten days. Mr. Hovey took constant care of him, and then was too sick to accompany the remains to Peacham, Vermont, where Mr. Carter had lived and was buried. After the funeral, Mr. Carter's widowed mother, accompanied by her daughters Martha and Mary, visited the friend who had so tenderly cared for their deceased relative. The next year, Mr. Hovey had a tract agency in Caledonia county, in which Peacham was located, and found an opportunity to ask Mary Carter to share his fortunes. Her father had been the principal of the Caledonia County Grammar School, and she herself was admirably educated. She accepted the young minister's hand. And when later he wrote saying that he had a pastoral call to Hartford, which place he described as "a pleasant town on the banks of the Connecticut, and quite different from the log huts of Indiana." the young lady replied, "I am reading Flint's Mississippi Valley: do not let Hartford turn your mind from the path of duty." An interview with Dr. Absalom Peters decided him to devote himself to the work of a home missionary, and he wrote on his thirtieth birthday asking Miss Carter to prepare "for work in the wilderness of Indiana." On the 5th of October. 1831. they were joined in marriage by Dr. Leonard ^^'orcester, and as soon as the farewells were spoken they started on their westward journey.

Mr. Hovey's commission appointed him to "publish the Gospel in l^'ort Wayne, or such other place or places as shall lie fixed on." with four hundred dollars as a salary, and seventy dollars as an outfit. According to the diary of the missionary, "Railroads were as yet only a subject of contemplation." He and his bride went down Lake Champlain by steamboat, by canal to Troy and thence to Buffalo : and, after a day at Niagara Falls, the "Henry Clay" carried them to Detroit in three days, where they were met by Rev. Noah Wells and Rev. Jeremiah Porter. After a brief conference it was decided that Mr. Porter should go to Fort Brady, whence two years later he was transferred to Fort Dearborn and became the founder of the first church in Chicago. During a delay of three weeks at Detroit, at that time a village of 3,500 inhabitants. Mr. Hovey improved the time by starting the first temperance society ever formed in the bounds of Michigan, and in interesting Hon. Lewis Cass in its success. Cass was a New Hampshire man, at that time

Governor of the territory, and the same year made Secretaiy of War under Jackson, where he exempHfied his temperance sentiments by abolishing grog from the army. Forwarding their baggage with a lot of goods consigned to Judge Hanna of Fort Wayne, the missionary and his bride went by the steamer "Gratiot" to Perrysburg - Toledo being as yet unknown.

After a brief sojourn at a village of Pottawatomies they drove by oxcart through an almost unbroken forest to the Maumee rapids, whence they were poled by pirogue up to Fort Wayne, where they met a hearty welcome from Judge Hanna. The Fort Wayne church however was supplied, and the Judge remarked : "There is a right smart little town of three hundred inhabitants started at the foot of Lake Michigan. They call it 'Chicago' ; better go there." Instead of doing so they went by canoe down the Wabash to Logansport, where they were met by Rev. Messrs. Martin M. Post and James A. Carnahan. Leaving Mrs. Hovey for a while at Logansport, Messrs. Hovey and Carnahan took to their canoe again and floated down the Wabash to Lafayette, where Mr. Hovey had the joy of preaching his first sermon in Indiana. Part of the time on horseback they "rode and tied."

Fountain county, which was decided on as Mr. Hovey's chosen field of labor, had then ten thousand inhabitants, but no meeting-house, schoolhouse or newspaper. A church organization at Portland had been abandoned ; but one was ready to be formed at Covington, of which the missionary took charge, and also of one just formed at Coal Creek. New churches were started at Rob Roy and Newtown. Midway between the two stood the log cabin into which the pioneer couple moved, exactly twelve weeks after bidding adieu to Squire Carter's mansion at Peacham, Vermont. The cabin walls were "chinked and daubed": its one room had a "puncheon" floor; its one window had twelve small panes in the space made by simply removing a log; a loft served for storage; the wide door swung on wooden hinges, and its latch-string was out by day for hospitality, and pulled in by night for security. In a log stable near by was kept "Barney" a reformed race-horse, who carried his new owner over two thousand miles on errands of mercy and righteousness through Fountain county, occasionally running away, but never letting his master miss an appointment in two years.

Mr. Hovey felt the responsibility of being the only minister in the county. He gathered churches and Sunday schools, started day schools and temperance societies, scattered good literature abroad, and promoted the first newspaper started in the county seat. He held camp-meetings with good results. The Wabash Presbytery was formed, covering sixteen counties.

Moxtgomf.Rv Col'Xtv. Indiana. X55

whose four ministers and eight elders met on one occasion at the Hovey cabin and lodged at night on its straw-strewn floor. ' A college classmate. Rev. Caleb Mills, was urged to come West as his associate. Mills reply, dated June 14, 1832, was highly characteristic, but when he finally did come, the next year, the hand of Providence had opened for both men a wider educational field to which they ga\e their lives, and which was located in Montgomery county.

Several men who had been revolving the idea of founding a literary institution of high order for the Wabash valley, met at the "Old Brick House" at Crawfordsville, on November 21, 1832. Rev. John M. Ellis, secretary of the Indiana Education Society, presided; Rev. Edmund Otis Hovey was the secretary; Rev. James Thomson stated the object of the meeting; Rev. John Thomson and Rev. James A. Carnahan were al.so present; and elders Gilliland, Robinson, McConnell and King. A public meeting of citizens was held that night. The next da\- the founders inspected and accepted grounds generously donated by Hon. Williamson Dunn. A light snow having fallen, those men of faith knelt on its spotless surface amid the virgin forest and dedicated the spot to the Triune God, being led in prayer by Mr. Ellis.

We are not giving a history of the college, except as touching the career of Mr. Hovey, who from that day till the day of his death was identified with it in various ways. His name headed the list of clerical trustees and remained there for forty-five years. He was on the charter committee and the building committee, and was the man designated to secure the services of Caleb Mills as first instructor. The original suggestion was to found "a classical and English high school, rising into a college." The charter name, however, was "The Wabash Manual Labor College and Teachers" Seminary''; wisely shortened at a later day to its simpler form of "Wabash College."

After a brief period Mr. Hovey bade his parishioners in Fountain county farewell, took an appointment as financial agent for the college, embarked with his wife and infant son at Covington, descended the Wabash to its mouth, and then went up the Ohio to Louisville, Cincinnati and Pittsburgh. Few encouraged him. Dr. Lyman Beecher "frowned on the infant weakling of a college." Swarms of agents were ahead of him at the Presbyterian General Assembly in Philadelphia and the "May anniversaries" in New York. Efforts at Baltimore, Boston, Providence and New Haven were fruitless.

A memorable crisis found Mr. Hovey at the Tontine Hotel in New Haven, "with an empty purse and no hope and every door closed." He wrote to Crawfordsville, resigning all connection with the college, saying that he should return to his mission field in Fountain county as soon as he got money enough to do so. He signed this affecting letter, "Yours at the point of desperation." Concerning it President Tuttle has impressively remarked : "If that letter had been sent, the college would have perished. It was not sent and the college lived."

It is due to the memory of Rev. John M. Ellis to relate the fact that he happened in on the discouraged agent just at this time, and made the wise suggestion that, before mailing his letter, he should confer with the faculty of Yale College. President Woolsey has described the interview. The early struggles of Yale were rehearsed and words of encouragement were spoken. Then followed an interview with the faculty of Andover Seminary, who advised an appeal to the rural churches of New England. A circular was printed on behalf of "a region equal to Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island, where the first settlements had been made only twelve years previously, yet where there was now a population of one hundred thousand."

The plan was effective. The first response was from Amesbury Mills, being fifty dollars. Then from Newburyport came four hundred and twentyfive dollars. Other New England towns gave several thousand dollars in all, and the crisis was safely past.

The task of finding a president was even harder than trying to raise money. Dr. Absalom Peters suggested the name of Dr. Elihu W. Baldwin, the most popular pastor in New York City. Bravely the Hoosier agent met the eminent clergyman, saying, "The King's business requires haste. I ask you to be the president of Wabash College." A map of Indiana was spread out, and the claims of the new common\vealth were urged till finally consent was gained, followed by a unanimous election. Thus encouraged the financial problem was successfully solved.

The fact may here be stated that, after Dr. Baldwin's death in 1840, Mr. Hovey was again deputed to secure the services of Dr. Charles White, of Owego, New York; and after Dr. White's death, twenty years later, he went on a like errand for Dr. J. F. Tuttle, of New Jersey. Some of the other members of the faculty were gained by his instrumentality. From the first the trustees urged Mr. Hovey himself to take a professorship. In 1834 they offered him the chair of the Natural Sciencfes, and Mr. Ellis urged it on him, saying "your standing in Indiana, your acquaintance with the business concerns of the institution, your familiarity with the minutiae of all its parts at home and abroad, as well as your personal endowments, all render you em- phatically the man." Di.strusting his gifts, Mr. Ho\ey at first took the chair of Rhetoric; but in 1836 was led to become the professor of Chemistry, Geology and Mineralogy. This department was divided in 1871, leaving Geology alone to him for the rest of his days. A pioneer college man must do whatever has to be done; from mending a gate to teaching astronomy. Mr. Hovey was accustomed to say, in his old age, that he had taught everything in the curriculum except the differential and integral calculus.

From 1833 to 1839 he was the college librarian, during which period he collected and catalogued several thousand volumes. His services as treasurer covered twenty-six years, enabling him to turn over to his successor, Alexander Thomson, Esq., the sum of one hundred thousand dollars. He personally superintended the erection of the first frame building, now known as Forest Hall ; the original brick building, styled South Hall ; the main building, known as Center Hall; and, with General Carrington. the .\rmur\-. since turned into the Hovey Museum, and now used as a gymnasium. His early knowledge of fanning enabled him to aid the agricultural experiments undertaken during the "manual labor" period. Together with President White he mustered the boys for tree-planting so that a younger growth of elms, maples and beeches might replace the monarchs of the primeval forest as the latter fell to decay. At his suggestion the first college band was formed, under the leadership of Philyer L. Wells ; and he himself selected, at the house of Firth, Hall & Pond, in New York city, the Imgle, horns, trombones, flutes, clarinets, drums, etc., that were stored in his attic during long vacations.

When the first site of fifteen acres was deemed unsuitaljle Mr. Hovey, acting for the trustees, bought for six thousand dollars a quarter section from Major Whitlock and sold a hundred acres of it at auction for nine thousand dollars, keeping the remainder as a college reserve. Payment was in "wildcat" bills, which the hard-money Major refused to accept. Then Mr. Hovey went to Cincinnati, exchanged the bills for specie, took the silver dollars home, by mud-wagon from Indianapolis, in six square boxes, each containing one thousand dollars ; had Tom Kelly, a tenant of the college, carry them in a wheelbarrow to Major Whitlock, who counted them, dollar by dollar, and then gave his receipt for the sum.

On one of the lots of the "college reserve" the Hovey house was built in 1837, space for it being cleared from the virgin forest. A number of the big trees were allowed to stand, around some of which wild grapevines twined fantastically burdened with many clusters. This property remained for sixty years in the hands of the family, and was finally sold as an elegible site for a presidential mansion, the original dwelling being removed to a place near the gymnasium to be used by the curator of the college campus.

In Professor Hovey's diary the following record occurs, for the 23rd of September, 1838 : "About two o'clock this morning the cry of 'Fire, the College is on fire' was heard, and by half past two the whole roof and fourth story of our beautiful building was in a complete blaze." Only eight rooms were saved ; but the library and philosophical apparatus were destroyed. That calamity was on Saturday, and on Monday rooms were rented in Hanna's Building, and by Tuesday recitations were resumed, only a single student having left by reason of the conflagration. The generous men of Crawfordsville rallied to the rescue, saying, "Rebuild and we will help." The friends of President Baldwin in New York urged him to resume his pastorate in that city, but he nobly said: "I will not give up Wabash College; there is only the more work to be done."

Among the new- friends raised up for Wabash College in its time of need should be mentioned Mr. and Mrs. Israel Williams, who were inmates of Mr. Hovey's family in 1840-41, with their daughter, who afterward became Mrs. S. S. Thomson. Mr. Williams endowed the professorship bearing his name, and he induced his brother-in-law, Mr. Chauncey Rose, of Terre Haute, to endow the Rose professorship of Geology, whereof Mr. Hovey was the first incumbent. Through the hands of the latter Mr. Rose passed a sum total of eighty thousand dollars for benevolent purposes, though not all this sum was for the college. One day, when putting into his hands fifty thousand dollars he playfully said, "Here Mr. Hovey are two thousand dollars more as your commission and for your own use."

The Lord had already guided more than one benefactor to the treasurer's cottage. There one evening the prudential committee knelt in prayer because debts were due and the treasury empty. A knock at the door brought to them Mr. Jesse J. Brown, of New Albany, with an offering^ in cash that exactly met their need. An incident comes to mind when at another crisis, Mr. Hovey had been pleading in vain in Brooklyn, till footsore and heartsore he dropped in to the weekly prayer-meeting of the Plymouth church and meekly took a back seat. The topic was "Cheerfulness," and after the opening remarks he took occasion to thank the pastor and people for past generosity to the college of which Mr. Beecher had long been a trustee. "Come to the platform," said Beecher. The final result of the appeal that followed was a gift of ten thousand dollars to found the Beecher professorship.

The hospitality of the Hovey home was abundant. A dozen nephews and nieces were treated like sons and daughters. Several orphans were practically adopted, one of whom afterward was the wife of Professor D. A. Bassett. The house was full of student-boarders, not for gain, but by parental urging. Some of them distinguished themselves in public life. All were required by domestic rules to bow daily at the family altar where prayer was wont to be made.

The humble nucleus of the college cabinet was a lot of ores and crystals brought by Mrs. Hovey from Vermont, augmented by tropical shells donated by Mrs. Baldwin, and specimens purchased from Prof. S. Harrison Thomson, in 1841. One day the little son of Prof. Hovey brought to his father what looked like a petrified toad, but which the wiser father identified as a crinoid - the first found of all the many thousand Crawfordsville crinoids that have enriched the museums of this and foreign lands. Corey's Blufif, the best known of the crinoid banks, yet remains in the possession of the family. In 1874, aided by his son and daughter. Dr. Hovey made out a numbered catalogue of ten thousand specimens for reference, with a written statement that there were in all some twenty-five thousand objects of natural history in the college cabinet. This included several hundred minerals, fossils and shells, and over two thousand botanical specimens indigenous to the region, that had been a memorial gift from his son. The varied cares of a busy professional life left this pioneer geologist scant time for describing or classifying the profusion of fossiliferous riches by which he was embarrassed. A volume might be filled with his correspondence about them with such men as Silliman, Dana, Shepherd, Newberry, James Hall, Cox, Collett, and other scientists. Occasional articles from his pen found their way to the newspapers and magazines ; but he had little time for the joys of authorship. A few of his sermons were published, and but few were left in manuscript, though he frequently occupied the pulpit, always being heard with attention by his intelligent hearers. It may be said that his sermonic appeals, like his own type of piety, were more intellectual than emotional. At its centennial celebration Dartmouth College honored him with the degree of Doctor of Divinity. His friends felt that it was merited.

Dr. Hovey passed away after a short illness on the loth of March, 1877. Mrs. Hovey survived him for several years, ending her useful life July 12, 1886, amid the familiar surroundings of the old home.

Two children were born to them. One of these, Horace Carter Hovey, was born in Fountain county, January 28, 1833 ; and a sketch of his career appears elsewhere in this volume. Miss Mary Freeman Hovey, the daughter of Professor Hovey, was born at Crawfordsville, September 28, 1838, where she died June 4, 1897. She was a graduate of the Ohio Female College ; for several years was a professor in the Kansas Agricultural College; taught for three or four years in the public schools in New Haven, Connecticut, but was best known by her faithful work as a teacher of young ladies, in her home at Crawfordsville, where, first and last she had under her care more than two hundred and fifty pupils. There are now living three grandchildren of Professor Hovey, one of them a namesake on whom his mantle has fallen, namely, Edmund Otis Hovey, Ph. D., a graduate of Yale University, and for the last twenty years a curator of Geology and Paleontology in the American Museum of Natural History in New York City.

In the front wall of Center church, in Crawfordsville, a memorial window has been placed in honor of Professor Hovey; and a granite monument marks his resting-place in the beautiful Oak Hill cemetery. But his most enduring monument is found in the noble work he did for religion and education. Montgomery county never had a more public-spirited citizen, though he never sought or held office outside the college and the church. This sketch of his career may be fittingly closed by condensing the just tribute paid to him in the funeral discourse preached over his remains by the late President Tuttle :

"Honored by his Alma Mater with her highest degree; honored as a preacher of the Word by his brethren in the ministry ; honored by the community as an old Roman of the noblest type ; honored by the church which he helped to found, and in which for thirty-eight years he was a pillar ; honored as a founder, a trustee and a professor of Wabash College; honored with many other great trusts, all who knew him were witnesses that the consummate formula describing his life among men wa«: 'Faithful in the Lord.' His last years were singularly beautiful ; as when maples in autumn are covered with dying leaves they are also lit up by supernal beauty. He moved among us tender, simple and loving as a child, trusting and joyful as a saint, fond of earth and most tenderly held by its ties, yet with lifted eye and shining face, and his head wearing the crown of glory which the loving God had given him."

The privileged by-standers heard his expiring cry voice his ruling passion, "God bless Wabash College," after which simply came the parting prayer, "Lord Jesus, receive my spirit."

Damd Charles Saiith

Few can draw rules for their own guidance from the pages of Plutarch, but all are benefited by the delineation of those traits of character which find scope and exercise in the common walks of life. The unostentatious routine of private life, although in the aggregate more important for the welfare of the community than any meteoric public career, cannot, from its very nature, figure in the public annals, though each locality's history should contain the names of those individuals who contribute to the' success of the material affairs of a community and tn its public stability: men who lead wholesome and exemplar)' Ii\es which might be profitably studied by the oncoming generation. In such class must consistently appear the name of David Charles Smith, well known and progressive business man of Crawfordsville, and one of Montgomery county's most representative citizens, a man who leads a plain, industrious life, endeavoring to deal honestly with his fellow men and contribute somewhat to the general public good in an unobtrusive manner, for being a man who thinks along progressive lines, he naturally desires to see his community advance along material and civic lines, and, although a very busy man, he has never neglected his duty as a citizen, but has been one of the men who could be relied upon in the promulgation of such enterprises as make for the general good.

Mr. Smith was born on October .22, 1843, i" Perrysville, Indiana, and he is a son of John Frederick and Lydia Ann (Watt) Smith. The father was born in Frederick county, Virginia, in September, 18 12, and was a son of David and Susan (Hunsicker) Smith. David Smith was a native of Virginia and there he continued to reside until 1832, when he made the journey to Indiana on horseback, and here bought a farm and returned home, bringing his family here in the fall of 1833, making this trip in wagons, which required some time, owing to the fact that the only roads in many places were unbroken trails, and it was exceedingly rough going all the way. Upon reaching Brownsburg, Mr. Smith was compelled to leave his wife and one daughter, in order to have horses enough to draw the wagons on to where he desired to settle. John F. Smith, the oldest son, drove the sixhorse team. The place where they located was on a farm two and one-half miles south of Penysville, and there, by hard work a good farm was developed from the wilderness and a comfortable home established, and there David Smith and wife spent the rest of their lives.

good, common school education, and among other things he learned surveying, and after coming to Indiana he followed this vocation in the summer and taught school in the winter, continuing thus for two years, then established a general store at Perrysville, which he conducted with great success for a period of about thirty-three years, enjoying an extensive trade with the people of that section for miles around. During this time he was also interested in the milling business, and he shipped large quantities of grain to New Orleans in flat-boats, Mr. Smith often going along on the boat and returning on horseback. He also sold agricultural implements for many years, and was a general business man, very successful in whatever he turned his attention to and one of the leading citizens of Perrysville in every respect. That town in those days was a great shipping poirit. Our subject has seen as many as five boats unloading there simultaneously. Hogs in large numbers were also butchered there and shipped to New Orleans, finding a ready market there. These various lines of business Mr. Smith carried on until 1885, when, having accumulated a competency, he retired. His death occurred in 1892, after a very active, successful, noble and praiseworthy life. He was one of the best known and most highly esteemed citizens of his county. Politically, he was a Whig and later a Republican, and in religious matters a Methodist.

'His wife, Lydia Ann Watt, was a native of Circleville, Ohio, who came to Perrysville, Indiana, in 1834 with her parents, and here she and John F. Smith were married in 1835. She lived to a ripe old age, dying in 1894. She was a daughter of John and Judith Watt, both natives of Pennsj'lvania, from which state they came to Ohio and later to Indiana, and here they spent the rest of their lives, living to very advanced ages.

David C. Smith, of this review, received a good common school education, and before he could launch out on a business career the Civil war came on and he offered his services to his country, enlisting on July 22, 1862, in Company K, Seventy-first Indiana Volunteer Infantry, which regiment was afterwards known as the Sixth Indiana Cavalry. He served three years with much gallantry and credit, participating in a number of important campaigns and battles, and on August 6, 1864, the Confederates took him prisoner and sent him to Andersonville. He was captured near Gainesville, Georgia, while trying to get back from the Stoneman raid. Previous to that, when the regiment had only been in sendee twelve days, he was engaged at Richmond, Kentucky, where over half the regiment was captured and paroled. For some time he did scout duty in Knoxville, Tennessee, Kentucky, at Resacca, Cassville and Adairsville. He was in the Atlanta campaign, and he was captured just before the fall of the city of Atlanta. Mr. Smith says words are inadequate in describing the horrors of Andersonville prison. There were thirty-three thousand of the Union men there at one time. He was released on April 29, 1865. He has also been in prison in Savannah, Millen, Blackshear, and Thomasville. He was honorably discharged from the Federal service on June 28, 1865.

After his career in the army he returned to Indiana and, desiring to complete his education, he entered Asbury (now DePauw) University, at Greencastle, where he remained one term, then went to Poughkeepsie, New York, and took a business course. He went to Minnesota in 1867 and there s])ent one winter, during which he canvassed the city of Minneapolis for a directorv, then returned to Perrysville, Indiana, and took his father's place in the store, continuing to engage in general merchandising until 1883, or for a period of sixteen years, during which time he enjoyed an extensive trade and got a good start in life. Then lie came to Crawfordsville and engaged in the lumber business, purchasing a half interest in a lumber yard with J. W. Stroh, which they conducted for two years, when Mr. Smith bought out his partner, then engaged in business for himself until 1888, when the firm of Smith & Duckworth was started, which has continued with uninterrupted success. They enjoy a very extensive trade with the surrounding country and carry a large and well selected stock. Our subject has become one of the financially strong men of his town and county, and is deserving of much credit for what he has accomplished, having started at the bottom of the ladder. He is now advanced in years, but, having been a man of good habits, he is hale and hearty. He is a man who is popular with the people owing to his honesty, obliging nature and unfailing courtesy. He is a member of McPherson Post, Grand Army of the Republic, at Crawfordsville. He belongs to the Masonic Order, and religiously, is a Presbyterian. Mr. Smith has done more work for the L. L. Culver Union Hospital in Crawfordsville than any other man.

On July 2, 1868, Mr. Smith was married to Caroline Sidney Evans, who was born in Fountain county, Indiana, November 13, 1841, and grew to womanhood and received her education in Indiana. Her parents were early settlers in that county and were well known there. She is the niece of General Evans, for whom Evansville was named. Her father, Jefferson Evans, was a prominent attorney and legislator.

Two children have been bom to Mr. and Mrs. Smith, namely : Anna Mary, who is the wife of Frank P. McNutt, of Crawfordsville, and Agnes Neely, wife of Francis S. Cobb, of Boston, Massachusetts.

Horace Carter Hovey, son of Professor Edmund Otis Hovey, D. D., and Mary Carter Hovey, was born near Rob Roy, Indiana, January 28, 1833. They moved to Crawfordsville in 1835 and for two years lived in the "Old Brick House," till, in 1837, they built the dwelling on a lot of the "College Reserve," which remained in the family till 1898, when sold for the site of a presidential residence. Among Mr. Hoveys earliest recollections are the felling of the great trees and the raising of the frame-house. He was baptized by Father John Thomson and joined the Center church, March 30, 1845. When only twelve years old he took a class in Sunday school which he kept for seven years, being absent only six times in that period. When sixteen years old he was chosen to lead the chorus choir, in w;,hich he had previously been a singer and flute-player. He was a member of the college band, and has kept up his fiute-playing all his life. He belonged to the Euphronean society and the Lyceum, and was an honorary member of the Calliopean society. Subsequent to graduation he was made a member, and for three years the vice-president of the Phi Beta Kappa society, which he was appointed to represent at the Ninth Triennial Council of the United Chapters at Williamsburg, Virginia, in 1907. For about two years after graduating with the degree of A. B., in 1853, he was tutor in the preparatory department of Wabash College; and he served one summer as Sunday school missionary in Fountain county, where he organized twenty schools, and devised a system of Sunday school mapping that has been since adopted generally. In 1857 ^^ was graduated from Lane Theological Seminary, at Cincinnati; where he mainly supported himself by teaching music in the public schools. He also led a chorus choir, mornings and evenings, in the Eighth (now the Third) Presbyterian church, and sang in a quartette choir afternoons in a church of. which Dr. H. M. Storrs was pastor. In the former church he preached his first sermon, November 20, 1856, on "Church Music," which was afterwards published in the Christian Herald. He was licensed by the Presbytery of Crawfordsville, July 11, 1857, and ordained by the Presbytery of Madison, April 16. 1858, his father preaching the sermon on the occasion. He served as home missionary at North Madison, Bryansburg and Vevay, and for a year as secretary of the American and Foreign Christian Union. While considering a call to the Presbyterian church at Coldwater, Michigan, the Civil War began. His sermons in that city on the National Fast-Day (January 4, 1861), and on the firing on Sumpter, in April, caused such agitation that the pastoral call was declined, and Mr. Hovey accepted a call to the Florence church in Northampton, Massachusetts, where he stayed four years. While there he served twice as delegate of the United States Christian Commission, during "battlefield duty" during his first term, at the Wilderness, North Anna and Cold Harbor; and in the second term, after six weeks work in camps and hospitals at Washington, D. C, he went to Richmond, just after its surrender, and had the task of superintending the feeding of the starving people. His other pastorates were: Second Presbyterian church in New Albany, Indiana (1866-1869); Fulton Street Presbyterian Church, Peoria, Illinois (1869- 1873); First Presbyterian Church, Kansas City, Missouri (1873-1875): Pilgrim Congregational, New Haven, Connecticut (1876-1883); Park Avenue Congregational, Minneapolis, Minnesota (1883-1887); Park Street Congregational, Bridgeport, Connecticut (1887-1891); South Congregational Middletown, Connecticut, as supply (1892); and First Presbyterian church in Newburyport, Massachusetts (1893- 1909).

Dr. Hovey's ministerial labors have been rewarded by large accessions to the churches to which he has ministered, especially at New Albany, New Haven, Minneapolis and Bridgeport, in each of which places there were remarkable revivals. He retired from active pastoral labors at the ripe age of seventy-five years; and since then has done occasional preaching, and considerable literary and scientific work. First and last he has made his mark as a lecturer on popular and scientific subjects, having filled engagements in many of the principal cities in the United States and Canada, and at numerous Chautauqua assemblies, as well as with colleges and seminaries. He received the degree of Master of Arts from Wabash College in 1857. Twice he has been honored with the degree of Doctor of Divinity, from Gale College (Wisconsin) in 1883, and from Wabash College in 1907. He is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science ; a member of the Geological Society of America, of the National Geographic Society, of the International Geological Congress, of La Societe de SpcMeologie (France), and a charter memljer of the Connecticut Sons of the Amreican Revolution. He has been for fourteen years the president of the Merrimack Bible Society, and of the Daniel Hovey Association for nearly as long a period. He has also held numerous oflices in the ecclesiastical bodies with whicli he has been identified.

From boyhood Dr. Hovey has been interested in scientific matters. When but nine years old he found the first of the myriads of "Cravvfordsxille Crinoids" that have enriched the museums of this and other lands, and for many (55) years he owned the most noted of the Crinoid banks, known as Corey's Bluff. In 1871 he gave his cabinet to Wabash College, the gift being valued at one thousand dollars, and in 1887 he disposed of a collection of equal value to Carleton College in Minesota. In the summer of 1854 he made an independent geological reconnaisance of a considerable portion of Southern Indiana, reporting the result to the Indiana Geological Society and also sending a report to the New Orleans Academy of Science. In it he called attention to the now noted marble quarries, bituminous coal-fields, remarkable fossils of Spergen Hill, and the numerous caverns found in the Mountain Limestone. He explored that same year the wonderful Wyandotte Cave, of which he made a map, and he published his description in the Indianapolis Journal and the Nezu York Tribune. Since that time he has visited more than three hundred caves and grottoes and gained especial distinction by his works on Mammoth Cave. In 1897 he joined a party that explored numerous canyons and caverns in France, and he also visited Russia with a geological party that year, who were guests of the Tsar.

Dr. Hovey has been a frequent contributor to scientific and popular magazines, and more than a hundred articles from him have appeared in the Scientific American. He wrote a number of articles for the Ninth, Tenth and Eleventh editions of the Encyclopaedia Britannica. He is the author of "Celebrated American Caverns" (1882) ; "A Guide-Book to Mammoth Cave" (fifteen editions) ; "Mammoth Cave Illustrated" (with Dr. R. E. Call, in 1897); "Hovey's Hand-Book of the Mammoth Cave" (1909); and a revised and enlarged edition of Hovey and Call's "Mammoth Cave Illustrated" (1912). He compiled in 1897 a work styled "The Origin and Annals of the First Presbyterian Church in Newburyport," that was published by Damrell & Upham, of Boston. More than thirty of his sermons, poems and addresses have been published in pamphlet form ; besides numerous minor contributions to the press. Jointly with Dr. Call he has compiled an exhaustive bioliography of Mammoth Cave, including 400 titles of works mainly in his own library, that will appear in 1913 in "Spelunca," a French periodical.

Dr. Hovey married, at New Haven, Connecticut, November 18, 1857, Helen Lavinin Blatchley, daughter of Samuel Loper Blatchley, Esquire. She was born ;u ^ 'orth Madison, Connecticut, April 23, 1830, and is directly descended frr m Thomas Blatchley, who emigrated from Wales to Boston, in 1635, removed to Hartford in 1640, to Guilford in 1666, whence he returned to Boston, wlipre he died. Her father went to reside in New Haven in 1846, where he became a well-known business man and had one of its principal

Streets named for him. On lier maternal side, Mrs. Hovey traces her ancestry back to the twelftli century. Her grandfather, Ebenezer Robinson, and her great-grandfather, Capt. James Robinson, were in the Revokitionary army. Previous to marriage she taught in the New Haven schools and also in Woodward and Hughes High Schools in Cincinnati. Dr. and Mrs. Hovey have had four children, namely, Mrs. Helen C. Ellinwood, wife of Rev. Henry F. Ellinwood, of Hamlet, North Carolina: Dr. Edmund Otis Hovey, Jr., of New York City, who is general secretary of the Geological Society of America, and geological curator in the American Museum of Natural History : Samuel Blatchley Hovey, deceased ; and Mrs. Clara Hovey Raymond, wlio. witii her son, Horace Hovey Raymond, makes her home with her parents at Xewburyport. Dr. and Mrs. Ho\ey celebrated their golden wedding November i8, 1907: sliortly after which tlie following" testimonial was publicly presented :

"The Presb\tery of Boston take pleasure in presenting you, the Reverend Horace C. Hovey, D. D., this testimonial, containing a brief expression of their esteem for vou, on having completed the jubilee of your ministry for Christ and His church. In doing so we wish to acknowledge the unfailing goodness of Almighty God. our Hea\enly Father, whose hand has sustained you and vour beloved wife in all your \aried life and work. We also recognize with profound gratitude the signal honor conferred upon you by His grace in permitting you to serve as an ambassador of Christ for the exceptional period of fifty years. We most heartily congratulate you and Mrs. Hovey on this consummation together of fifty years' senice in the \ineyard of our Lord. We appreciate fully the work and worth of such a term of service, and realize that for the ripe scholarship which lias adorned your preaching, the pastoral care which has nurtured it. the irenic spirit which sweetened it, the consistent godly life which enforced it and the large measure of success which has attended it, the whole Church of God, and the land you love are your debtors.

Your work as a Presbyter has been characterized by loyalty to Presbyterian principles: your zeal for and unremitting toil in their advancement have been tempered with sweet reasonableness, and charity to Christians in other flocks. Your knowledge of Chruch Law has made you a safe councillor, and a leader in her courts: for all of which we tender you our most hearty thanks. It is the earnest prayer of our Presbytery that you and your life partner may be long spared to enjoy in health and peace the evening of life among vour family and many friends: and when the dawn of the endless day breaks and the shadows of this life flee away, )'ou may have an abundant entrance into the inheritance of the saints in light, and receive life's crowning benediction from Him whose name is love, in His own immortal words, 'Well done, good and faithful servant, enter into the joy of thy Lord.' "

Dr. Hovey, now an octogenarian, enjoys his full intellectual vigor, and is spending his declining days among his friends and former parishioners, at Newburyport, Massachusetts. Besides occasional use of his gifts as a preacher and a lecturer on scientific and literary topics, he has devoted his time to the congenial task of editing the "Hovey Book,' a volume of some 450 pages, with many illustrations, compiled under the auspices of the Daniel Hovey Association, already mentioned. This labor of love has brought him into delightful fellowship, personally or by correspondence, with a great number of kinsmen who claim descent from Daniel Hovey of Ipswich, as well as with many of the name abroad. Yet amid these diversified employments he cherishes the warmest devotion for his native state of Indiana, and retains a lively interest in all that concerns Montgomery county and its inhabitants, among whom he spent his boyhod and early manhood.

Jesse Carl Alfry

Life is pleasant to live when we know how to make the most of it. Some people start on their careers as if they had weights on their souls, or were afraid to make the necessary efifort to live up to a high standard. Others, by not making a proper study of the conditions of existence, or by not having the best of all trainers - good parents - are side tracked at the outset and never seem thereafter to be able to get back again on the main track. Much depends on the start, just as it does in a race. The horse that gets the best start, all other things being equal, will almost invariably win the race. So in the race of life; if you are properly started with suitable grooming, such as good educational and home training, you will lead in the race in after years and enjoy your existence. Such home influences were thrown around Jesse Carl Alfry, well known business man of Crawfords\'ille, and a representative of one of the leading families of Montgomery county. Both father and mother were people of sound principles and exemplary habits, no word of reproach being heard against either of them, being re\-ered by all their many friends.

he is a son of Henry and Nancy (Drake) Alfry. In view oi the fact that a complete sketch of Henry Alfry occurs in another part of this volume, an extended notice of this distinguished business man is not deemed necessary here. However, brietly. he was Ixirn in Mercer county, Kentucky, September 15, 1837, the son of Kentucky parents, and Mr. .\ifry spent his boyhood in his native state, remaining there until he was eighteen \ears of age when he came to Indiana and l>egan working on a farm in Ripley county, and w hile living there married in 1857 his first wife, Lydia A. Selman, whose death occurred in 1874, leaving three children, William F., Etta Jane and Rose. The following year Mr. Alfry married Nancy Drake, mother of our subject. Her death occurred on August 8, 1909, leaving three children, Elenore and Harry D., besides our subject. When the Civil war came on, Henry Alfry enlisted, in 1861 in the Thirty-seventh Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served gallantly for the Union until his discharge in 1864. having participated in many important battles. After the war he returned to Indiana and in a mndest way began the line of business that ultimately led to a fortune, lumbering, or more properly a department of lumbering, the heading business. He started this in the woods near Muncie, beginning making barrel staves, later made barrel and keg headings. He was successful in this from the start and his business increased with the years, having at one time five large factories, employing over two thousand men, in fact, he has handled millions of dollars and employed many thousands of men, having been the undisputed leader of the iieading business since 1857. Under his owm management he has made and shipped fully 40,000,000 sets of all kinds of circled tight laarrel heading from 1876 to 1912, having worked up in all his years in the business fully 400,000,- 000 feet board measure, or 16,666 carloads, or about 555 trains of thirty cars each, which would make a solid train 135 miles long. He has ojjerated in various parts of the country, moving to Indianapolis in 1880, removing to Crawfordsville two years later, which city has since been his home and chief headquarters, although he has been in the South a great deal, looking after his interests there. He is still active in this business, but not so extensively as formerly. Through his energy, honesty and close application he has accumulated a fortune, and is one of the best known and highly esteemed men in Montgomery county.

Jesse C. Alfry was educated in the schools of Crawfordsville, and was graduated from the Culver & Howe Military Institute in September, 1910, ' after which he formed a partnership with J. C. Treadwell in the Crawfordsville Fruit Company, and in 19 u he purchased his ])artner's interest, and is

Walter Lawrence Hunt

It is a good sign when so many residents of a county are found to have been born there. It indicates that they have found right at home all the opportunities necessary for the gratification of their ambitions in a business, political or social way, and it also indicates stability. One is reminded that "A rolling stone gathers no moss." That young man is the wisest who, when conditions will permit, remains in his native locality and addresses himself to the improvement of conditions he finds there and to his personal advancement along such lines as he may choose, selecting that for which he is best fitted by nature. One of this class is the successful and well known undertaker and funeral director. Walter Lawrence Hunt, of Crawfordsville, representative of an honored old family of Montgomery county.

Mr. Hunt was born in Mace, this county, on November 28, 1874, and he is a son of Samuel F. and Jennie (Coulter) Hunt. The father was also a native of Montgomery county, Indiana, having first seen the light of day at the old Hunt homestead in Walnut township, on May 3, 1848. He was a son of Ephraim Hunt. Ephraim Hunt was a native of Ohio, where he spent his childhood and from there came in a very early day and entered from the government one hundred and sixty acres in ^Valnut township, when the famous Wabash valley was practically an unsettled wilderness. He worked hard developing this land and established a comfortable home, later moving to Mace, spending his declining years in retirement in that village, and there his death occurred in the seventies, an honored and well known pioneer.

Samuel F. Hunt, father of our subject, grew to manhood on the home farm in Walnut township, where he found plenty of hard work to do when a boy, assisting his father with the general duties of the farm, and he received the usual education accorded country boys of that early period. Early in life he began farming for himself and soon had a good start, eventually becoming; one of the leading farmers and stock raisers of liis part of the county, and he continued to make these lines his chief life work until his retirement, in the year 1906, when he left the farm and moved to a comfortable home in Crawfordsville, where he is spending his old age in quiet and in the midst of plenty. He is well known throughout the county and is respected by all who know him, for his life has been characterized by industry and honesty. Politically, he is a Democrat, but has never been especially active in public affairs. In religious matters, he is a member of the Methodist church.

In the early seventies, Samuel F. Hunt married Jennie Coulter, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1852, from which state she came to Walnut township, Montgomery county, Indiana, with her parents when she was young. Her father purchased the land on which Ehpraim Hunt first settled, and here her family Ijecame \ery conifortabl)^ established and favoral)ly known. Mrs. Hunt received a rural school education.

To Samuel F. Hunt and wife six children were born, namely : Minta is the wife of B. Coombs who is farming in southern Indiana ; William lives in Red Wing, Minnesota; Lena is the wife of Allen Arnold, of Crawfordsville; Florence is the wife of Alvin Powers, of Ladoga; Harley lives in Crawfordsville; and Walter L.. uf this sketch, he being the eldest of the children.

Walter L. Hunt grew to manhood on the home farm, and there made himself generally useful when a boy. He received a good common school education in his neighborhood, and he continued to work on the farm until 1899, when he attended the Askins School of Embalming in Indianapolis, where he made a splendid record, graduating from the same in 1912, having become quite proficient in the modern methods of embalming. However, prior to that he had maintained an establishment and had charge of funerals, etc., erijoying a good business, which is now very rapidly increasing, his neat and modernly appointed establishment being now located at 122 North Washington street.

Mr. Hunt was married on September 20, 1896, to Georgina Bowman, who is a native of Boone county, Indiana, her birth having occurred there on April 8, 1872, and there she was reared and educated. To this union four children have been born, namely : Ruth, who is now attending high school; Edith is in her seventh grade in school; Esther is doing fourth grade work ; and Lester, third grade in the local schools.

tist. He is prominent in fraternal circles, being a member of the Masonic Order, Knights of Pythias, Improved Order of Red Men, including the Haymakers degree; the Knights of the Maccabees, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, and the Patriotic Order Sons of America. He has passed through all the chairs in the last named order, also in the Knights of Pythias lodge.

William H. Brown

The name of the late William H. Brown stands out distinctly in the list of enterprising and skillful farmers and successful stock raisers in Montgomery county in a past generation, for he was a man who believed in carrying into his every-day work progressive ideas and so far as practicable transplanting the old order of things to the new ; however, he had to admit, as do all fair and broad-minded men, that many of the methods employed by our fathers and grandfathers in agricultural pursuits have never been improved upon. Mr. Brown was a good citizen and a splendid neighbor, hence was popular with all who knew him. He supported every movement that had for its object the general good of the community, delighting in seeing new reforms enforced. He, while laboring for his own advancement, never neglected his duties to his neighbors, but was helpful, kind, obliging and believed in the old adage that it was better to live and let live. So he was a good man, and his name is eminently deserving of perpetuation on the pages of local history.

Mr. Brown was born on Novemlaer 8, 1S30, in Rush county, Indiana. He was a son of Lucius Brown and wife, who were from the state of New Jersey, having made the long westward journey over the mountains and through the vast wildernesses as early as 1828, locating in Rush county, Indiana, where they remained a number of years, then removed to Boone county, tliis state, where they spent the rest of their lives on a farm, and on that place our subject remained until a young man, when he went to Illinois, where he remained for two years, then came back to Boone county, this state. When twenty-one years old he came to Montgomery county, where he purchased forty acres of land, to which he later added, prospering through hard work and good management until he owned several fine farms totaling nearly six hundred acres, wliich he l>rought up to an excellent state of improvement and cultivation, and on which he kept a good grade of live stock and had

Mr. Brown was married the second time on April 19, 1878, to Priscilla Hays, the daughter of John Newton and Martha (Martin) Hays. The father was born in Ohio and the mother in Kentucky. Grandfather Ha\'s came to Montgomery county, Indiana, in a very early day and settled in Union township, where he farmed. Martha Martin came to this county when a young girl with her lirother, and the}' settled in Union township. John Hays took an interest in public affairs, and he served a term as trustee of Scott township. His family consisted of five children, namely : Berilla Ann. George T., Phoebe, Daniel C, all deceased ; Priscilla, who married the sul)ject of this memoir.

Seven children were born to William H. Brown and wife, namely: Esta, Bertha A., Martha, Stella E. is deceased. Newton H.. and Lulu. By her first marriage to Henry R. Canine. Mrs. Jjrown liecame the mother of one child, Maud M. Canine.

Politically, Mr. Brown was a Reinililican. but he never sought or held public office. He was a member of the Christian Disciple church, and fraternally belonged to the Free and Accepted Masons.

Arthur Albert McCain, the present able and pnpular postmaster of the city of Crawfordsville, and a newspaper man, was Ijorn in Crawfordsville, Indiana, December i, 1868, and is a son of Thomas Hart Benton McCain and Salome Snow (Longley) McCain. The father was born in Clinton county, Indiana, on January 24, 1839, and was a son of Hugh B. and Minerva (Douglass) McCain. The McCains are descendants of a long line of Scotch-Irish ancestry. Hugh B. McCain was a farmer. His death occurred in the year 1893. He belonged to the Methodist Episcopal church. During the Civil war he was a very strong L^nion man. Thomas H. B. McCain, father of our subject, worked on the home farm when a boy and at the commencement of the war of the states he enlisted in the Eight3'-sixth Indiana Vokinteer Infantry, in which he served with distinction for a period of three years. He was sergeant-major of his regiment during the first year of his service, and the last year he was first Heutenant of Company I, in the same regiment. He participated in a number of important campaigns and battles, such as Stone's River, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and those of the Atlanta campaign.

After his career in the anny he returned to Indiana and began publishing the Delphi Journal, later removing to Lebanon, this state, where he published the Patriot for eighteen months, then went to Murfreesboro, Tennessee, and published a Republican paper for six months. Returning to Indiana in 1868, he purchased the Crawfordsville Journal, and brought it up to a paying business, proving himself to be a very capable editor and manager. He continued to publish the Journal until his death, which occured on May i, 1898. His widow is still living in Crawfordsville. He did much for the general upbuilding of the city and he was held in the highest esteem by all with whom he came in contact. He belonged to McPherson Post, Grand .\rmy of the Republic. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and politically, was a staunch Republican. He was postmaster of Crawfordsville from 1873 to 1881, filling the office with much satisfaction to all. He and Salome Snow Longley were married on May 7, 1867. She lived at Lebanon, Indiana. To this union two children were born - Arthur Albert, subject of this review; and Fred T., manager, of the Journal.

Arthur A. McCain grew to manhood in his native city and here attended the common schools, later entering Wabash College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1889, having spent several years in that historic institution, being a student in the preparatory as well as the regular college branches. He quite naturally took to newspaper work and began as a reporter on his fadier's paper, working in this capacity one year, then became business manager i:,f the same, continuing successfully thus until October, 1901, then became editor, which position he still holds, however, has not been active since becoming postmaster. He has kept the paper up to the high standard it knew in the days of the elder McCain, and it has continued to be a power for the upbuilding of this section of the state, wielding a wide and ever growing influence, and it has become a very valuable medium for advertisers. Its mechanical appearance is all that could be desired in modern newspaper work, and its columns teem daily with the world's most important and brightest news. Its editorial page is recognized as a molder nf public opinion. The plant is well equipped with up-to-date machinery and all modern appliances necessary in issuing a live newspaper of the twentieth century.

Mr. McCain was appointed postmaster at Cra\\tor(ls\ille on Decenilier 12. IQII, and is still incumbent of that office, the duties nf which he is discharging to the eiuinent satisfaction of the people and the department. Mr. McCain has heen successful from a financial standpoint and is a stockholder in several manufacturing concerns. He is a Republican, and is very active in the local affairs of his party. Fraternally, he is a member of the Trilie of Ben-Hur.

Mr. McCain was married on October 2^. 1895, at Indianapolis, to Ethel Rondthaler, a native of Pennsylvania, her birth having occurred in Bethlehem, that state. To this union two children ha\'e been born : Katherine Louise, who- is attending high scIkioI, and Robert Benton, a student in the public schools.

Among the newspaper men of Montgomery county the name of Fred T. McCain, secretary of the company that publishes Tlic Crazvfordsvillc Journal, has long been familiar, and he 'has made his influence felt in a most potent manner in the locality of which this history treats, and he is not unknown to the wider journalistic fraternity of the state, occupying as he does a prominent place in his profession and standing high in the esteem of the fraternity wherever he is known. He has literally grown up in a newspaper ofifice, following in the footsteps of his honored father in a professional w'ay, the elder McCain proving to be an able preceptor, and was long regarded as a man of influence in the affairs of Montgomery county.

Mr. McCain was born in this county on July 24. 1874. He is a son of Thomas Hart Benton and Salome (Longley) McCain. The father was born in January 24, 1839, in Clinton county, Indiana, and his death occurred on May I, 1908. The mother of our subject was born on July 5. 1841 in Cincinnati, Ohio, and she is still living in Crawfords\-ille.

T. H. B. McCain devoted the major portion of his life to newspaper work. He was editor of The Crazufordsi'illc Joiinnil for a good many }'ears. Prior to that he was a teacher at Thorntown. lie was a soldier in the Civil war, having enlisted in 1861 in the Eighty-sixth Indiana \'olunteer Infantry, in which he served gallantly for a period of three years.

Two children were born to T. 11. B. McCain and wife, namely: .\rthur A., a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work: and bVed T.. of tliis re\'iew'.

On December 16, 1902 he married Helen Krause, who was born on January 13, 1880. She is a daughter of J. S. and Frances (Luckenbach) Krause. She and her parents were born in Pennsylvania, her birth occurring at the town of Bethlehem, and there she recei\'ed a common and high school education.

To Mr. and Mrs. McCain two children were born, namely : Frederick, born November 2, 1903, is attending school; and Samuel, born August 15, 1910.

Mr. McCain has practically spent his active life with The Crawfordsville Journal, which he has helped to make one of the leading newspapers in western Indiana. He was elected secretary of the firm in 1909, which position he is still holding to the satisfaction of all concerned.

George Thomas Williams. M. D.

The medical profession of Montgomery county has no abler or worthier exponent than Dr. George Thomas Williams, of Crawfordsville, a man who has been favored by nature with all the necessary attributes to render one successful in this laudable field of endeavor. But notwithstanding the fact that he has the proper attributes he has not depended on this solely, having studied hard and in fact left no stone unturned whereby he might advance himself, keeping fully abreast of the times in all phases of his vocation, and, being a man of genial and kindly address, he has won not only the confidence of the people here but also won his way into their affections so that his wide circle of patients might also be termed his friends.

Dr. Williams was born in Brown township, this county, on June 8, 1865, and is a son of Henry and Nancy J. (Gott) Williams. The father w^as born in Shelby county, Kentucky, October 14, 1836, and was a son of Elder Garland and Harriet (Mitchell) Williams. The paternal grandfather of our subject was also a native of Shelby county, Kentucky, and was a son of Joseph and Julia Williams, both of whom came to Kentucky in a very early day and there established the future home of the family and became influential and well known in Shelby county. A brother of Joseph

Williams served in tlie war of 1812 under General Andrew Jackson. Garland Williams was a farmer and also an ordained minister of the Baptist church, in which he did a great work among the pioneers and in its early history preached at Crawfordsville. His death occurred in Kentucky. His wife also died there. Henry Williams came to Crawfordsville in 1861. lie was a cabinet maker by trade and this trade he followed here in connection with carpcnterinji and contracting for a number of years, and became well known in this line of endeavor throughout the county. He is now living retired at Brown's Valley. He is a deacon in the Baptist cliurcli. a Democrat, and a member of the Knights of Pythias.

Henry Williams ai)d Nancy J. Gott were married on Novenil)er 27, 1863. She was born on December 23. 1845. 'n Brown township, this county, and here she was reared to womanhood and was educated. She was a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (VanCleve) Gott. Her death occurred in April, 1900.

Four children w-ere born to Henry Williams and wife. namel\' : Lillian E. married J. C. Allen, and they live at Brow-n's Valley, this county ; Charles G. is a cabinet maker, and lives in Crawfordsville; Mary L. died in October, 1900; and George T., of this review.

Dr. Williams grew up in his native county and received a good common school education. He began the study of medicine in 1882. He subsequently entered the Indiana Medical College at Indianapolis, from which institution he was graduated with the class of 1887. Soon afterward he established himself in the practice of his profession at Russellville. l)ut remained there only two months, wiien he came t'l lirown's \'a]lc\', where he remained seventeen years, enjoying a large and successful practice. Then he went to Frankfort, Init remained there only six months, w lien he came to Crawfordsville, where he has since remained and is regarded as being in the front rank of local medical men, and he has a good practice, his patients being found all over the county. In order to further equip himself for his chosen life work, Dr. Williams took a post-graduate course in Xcw "S'ork at the Post-Graduate School of the University of New York.

Politically, the Doctor is a Democrat, and while he is loyal in the siij)- port of his party he has never been ambitious to hold public oflfice, preferring to give his attention exclusively to his professional duties.

On October 17. 1888. Dr. Williams was married to Mary F. Todd, who was lx)rn in Brown township. May 2, 1866. She is a daughter of Johnson and Ruth (VanCleve) Todd, the former a farmer of Brown township. Both of Mrs. Williams' parents are now deceased.

One of the younger generation of physicians in Montgomery county, who is deserving of specific mention in a work of the nature of the one in hand is Dr. Fred Atwood Dennis, of Crawfordsville, a man who seems to combine all the essential attributes of head and heart that go to make up the popular and successful physician and, having somewhat specialized on the treatment of tuberculsis, he has won a wide reputation in the same, and he is a man to whom the future years must needs hold much of promise.

Dr. Dennis was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, on April 20, 1876, and he is a son of Milton P. and Clorinda H. (Wheeler) Dennis. The father was of Quaker descent, and for many years engaged successfully in the wholesale tea and toljacco business in Indianapolis. He traveled some time for a Terre Haute firm, and in the year 1879 located in Crawfordsville, as a wholesale and retail grocer, at the corner familiarly known to all old-timers as the Dennis corner, which was a regular meeting place for them. Mr. Dennis was a successful business man and was highly respected by all who knew him. His death occurred in 1890. He was a Mason, belonging to the Blue Lodge, also was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, having during the war of the states been a member of Company D, First Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, in which he served throughout the war. He was for some time a guard in government service on the banks of the Mississippi river, in St. Louis, Missouri. He married Clorinda H. Wheeler in September, 1872. She was born in Hamilton county, Indiana, near Westfield. To this union seven children were born, six of whom are living at this writing.

Dr. Fred A. Dennis, of this sketch, was educated in the common schools of Crawfordsville, being graduated from the high school with the class of 1894. Having determined upon the medical profession early in life, for which he had a decided natural bent, he began reading medicine with Drs. Gott & Taylor, and in 1895 he entered the Indiana Medical College, where he made an excellent record, and from which he was graduated with the class of iSgS. He then began the practice of his profession at .Alamo, where he remained two and one-half years, during which time he got an excellent start, and, seeking a wider field for the exercise of his talents he came to Crawfordsville, where he has continued in the general practice to the present time very satisfactory results, enjoying a large and growing patronage. He has made a special study of tuberculosis and is regarded as an authorit}- and expert in the same. He was elected county Iiealtli officer, in which position he ser\ed with much credit and satisfaction for one year.

Dr. Dennis is a Repubhcan, and fraternally he is a Mason, attaining the Knights Templar degrees. He was married on July 29, 1903, to Henrietta Gilkey, a daughter of James R. and Alice (Wilcox) Gilkey, a well known family of Ripley township, this county, who located in Union township. She was born on October 2, 1880.

Faye O. Schexck. M. D.

Proper intellectual discipline, thorough professional knowledge, and the possession and utilization of the qualities and attributes essential to success has made Dr. Faye O. Schenck, of Crawfordsville, successful in his chosen calling and for a numljer of years he has stood among the scholarly and enterprising physicians and surgeons in a community long distinguished for the high order of its medical talent. While yet young in years, he has shown what ambition, close application, and an honorable impulse can accomplish no matter how great obstacles may be encountered.

Dr. Schenck was bom in Crawfordsville, Indiana, April 12, 1878, and he is a son of Henry and Isabelle (Orr) Schenck. The father was born on October 31, 1853, in Crawfordsville, being the only son of Ruleff and Mary (Snook) Schenck. Ruleff Schenck was a native of Ohio, from which state he came to Montgomery county, Indiana, when a young man and when this country was little improved. Here he clerked in a store for a number of years. He was elected justice of the peace, in which capacity he long served the people of this locality. His death occurred in 1859. Mary Schenck was the only child of her parents. Her death occurred in 1865. Henry Schenck lived on a farm until he was sixteen years of age, then learned the tinner's trade, later working as journeyman tinner, and in 1888 he opened a shop on South Water street. Crawfordsville, and has since been located there, enjoying a good business. Politically, he votes independently. He belongs to the Tribe of Ben-Hur, Improved Order of Red Men, including the Haymakers. He belongs to the Presbyterian church.

Henry Schenck and Isabelle Orr were married on February 20, 1877. She was bom in Ohio on February 12, 1856, and she came to Indiana when a child with her parents. Two children were born to Henry Schenck and wife, namely: Faye O., of this sketch; and Myrtle B., who is the wife of William H. Madir, of Martins Ferry, Ohio.

Dr. Schenck grew to manhood in his native city and was educated in the public schools here, graduating from the high school in 1896. When a young man he learned the tinner's trade under his father, but desiring to enter a professional career he began the study of medicine and entered the Indiana Medical College (now University) at Indianapolis, from which he was graduated with the class of 1905. He served as interne in the City Hospital in Indianapolis for a period of fourteen months. He then went to Crawfordsville and opened an office, where he has since been successfully engaged in the practice, and ranks among the most successful and popular physicians in Montgomery and adjoining counties. He is medical examiner for the Prudential Life Insurance Company, also the John Hancock, the Scranton, and the Central States Life Insurance Companies.

The Doctor is independent in politics. He belongs to the Presbyterian church, is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, the Tribe of Ben- Hur, and the Improved Order of Red Men, including the Haymakers, being treasurer of the local lodge.

Richard N. Cording

The subject of this sketch has long enjoyed distincti\-e prestige among the enterprising men of Montgomery county, having fought his way onward and upward to a prominent position in the circles in which he has moved, and in every relation of life his voice and influence have been on the side of right as he sees and understands the right. He has long ranked with the leading business men and substantial citizens of the town of Wingate. He has always been interested in all enterprises for the welfare of the community and has liberally supported every movement calculated to benefit his fellow men. Mr. Cording has witnessed wonderful progress and improvement during the time he has lived here, has been a very important factor in local growth and prosperity, and has an extended circle of acquaintances throughout the county who wish him well, for his life has been exemplary in every respect since cast- ing his lot witli our people. He has taken a surprising interest in our institutions in view of the fact that he was born under ahen skies and was taught to respect another flag. He is deserving of a great deal of credit for what he has accomplished, having started in life at the bottom of the ladder and, unaided, ascended to a topmost ning through the exercise of those attributes that never fail to win.

Richard N. Cording was born in Somerset, England, November lo, 1851. He is a son of John and Jane (Norrish) Cording, both natives of England, and there they grew to maturity, were educated and married and reared a large family, nine children having been born to them ; one died in early infancy, a daughter grew to womanhood and passed away, and a son also grew up, dying in middle life, but six of the brothers and sisters are yet living and actively engaged in life's duties. The children were named respectively : Edward, the eldest; Richard N., subject of this sketch; John, William. Anna (deceased); Lucy, the wife of John Marson of South Haven, Michigan; Laura, wife of William Herron who lives in Attica. Indiana ; and Thomas, who was a well known citizen of South Haven, Michigan, is now deceased; Alice, the youngest child, is deceased.

John Cording, father of the above named children came to the United States with his family in 1867, coming on west from the eastern coast where they landed after a tedious journey, and they located in Illinois, upon whose broad, virgin prairies they found a pleasant home, but did not long remain together. It was in the bleak month of January that they arrived there, and by spring they were squared away ready to begin raising a crop. The father was a skilled agriculturist, and devoted his life to general farming and stock raising with gratifying results. His death occurred at an achanced age on April 19, 1910, his wife having preceded him to the gra\e in July, 1905.

Richard N. Cording spent his boyhood days in England and there attended the public schools. Upon arriving in Illinois he first located in the town of Forrest, where he remained but one year. He then came to Indiana and engaged to work by the month for Hugh Meharry, a well known resident of Montgomery county. An energetic, tactful and quick-thinking young man, thoroughly versed in the various phases of agriculture, our subject gave his employer eminent satisfaction and continued in his service four years, during which time he saved his money and got a good start. At the expiration of this time he found a home and employment with Isaac Meharry. for whom he worked faithfully three years. Then, having mastered the ins and outs of stock raising as well as tilling the soil, and the general management of (56) agricultural interests, he determined to become his own employer, and to this end located on a neighboring farm. He was successful from the start and each succeeding year found him further advanced, until he eventually became one of the most progressive general farmers and stock raisers in Montgomery county and he is now the owner of a valuable and highly improved landed estate of eight hundred and twenty-nine acres, a part of which is in Indiana and a part in Illinois. It is all productive, well tiled, tillable and fertile. He sold out part of his farming interests in the year 1890 and removed to his present commodious home in the town of Wingate. Here he was not long idle, almost immediately entering into a partnership with Mr. Sturm. The succeeding year he materially improved the appearance of the main thoroughfare of his town when he erected thereon one of the most substantial, attractive and convenient brick blocks in this section of the state. He has been engaged in the mercantile business here since 1891 and has built up a large and ever growing trade with the surrounding country, carrying at all seasons a complete and carefully selected stock of up-to-date merchandise.

Mr. Cording is a Democrat and has long been active in the ranks. Fraternally, he belongs to the Masonic Order, having attained the thirty-second degree in that time-honored fraternity. He is a member of the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, Murat Temple, Indianapolis. Religiously he is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and is a liberal supporter of the same. He is also a Knights Templar, and a member of the Knights of Pythias. He belongs to the National Detective Association.

Mr. Cording has been twice married, first, to Ellen P. Djck, who was born and reared in Montgomery county, Indiana. Together they began their home life upon the farm, and there remained for twelve years. After the death of Mr. Cording's first wife he was united in marriage to Villa Hayes, who was born near Elmdale, this county.

Our subject's family consisted of three children, namely : Effie died in infancy; E. John, who was a student in DePauw University, at Greencastle, Indiana, died in 1904; and Opal, who is at home.

George Raymond White

The subject of this sketch, well known manager of Music Hall in Crawfordsville, is a man who has engaged in many lines of endeavor, and has shown that he is the possessor of varied talents, inheriting many of the commendable traits of his distinguished father, who was one of the noted men

Mr. White was born August 28, 1868, in Crawfordsville, and he is a son of Michael Daugherty White and Laura E. (McMechan) White. The father was born on a farm in Clark county, Ohio, September 8, 1827, and was a son of Lanson and Mary (Daugherty) White, the former a native of New York, and was a son of Nathaniel White, a Revolutionary soldier, who first emigrated to Ohio and thence to Tippecanoe county, Indiana, and died there at the age of seventy-six years, at Greenbush. Lanson White came with his father and his own family to Tippecanoe county in 1829, locating on a farm. His death occurred in 1844 in that county. Mary Daugherty \Miite was born in Pennsylvania in April, 1807. From that state she came to Ohio with her parents and there married Lanson White, in 1824. Her death occurred in Danville, Illinois, in 1892.

Michael D. White received his early education in the common schools, as times afforded, in Tippecanoe county. In 1848 he removed to Crawfordsville and attended what was known as the old County Seminary, later was a student in Wabash College for a period of four years. Then on account of his health he went to Darlington and clerked in a store for one year. Deciding upon a legal career he returned to Crawfordsville in 1853 and read law with the late Gen. Lew Wallace, for one year, after which he was ofifered full partnership, which he gladly accepted. He made rapid progress in his studies and was admitted to the bar in the si:)ring of 1854, and in the fall of that year was elected prosecuting attorney for the common pleas court, of Montgomery and Boone counties, sen-ing two years, refusing a second term. He continued to practice law with Lew Wallace, the latter being elected state senator in 1856, from Montgomery county, and during his absence Mr. White conducted the affairs of the office alone. This partnership lasted until 1859, when Mr. Wallace joined Cok Sam C. Wilson, Mr. White retaining the old office. In i860 the latter was elected state senator, having the distinction of being the first Republican e\er elected senator from Montgomery county. He served with distinction for a period of four years, giving entire satisfaction to his constituents, and refused a second nomination. That was during the Civil war period, and while serving as senator Mr. White was largely engaged in raising soldiers for sen'ice in the Union arniv. After his term of office had expired he resumed the practice of law, and in 1876, having continued to take an active part in public affairs, he was elected to Congress, the duties of which responsible post he discharged with rare fidehty and satisfaction for a period of two years, but was defeated for a second nomination by a gang of scheming poHticians, although he was undoubtedly the people's choice. He resumed the practice of law, and continued a leader of the local bar until in August, 191 1, when he retired.

Michael D. White is a member of the Masonic Order. He has been recognized as a social member of the Tribe of Ben-Hur. He belongs to the Christian church. On April 29, 1858, he was united in marriage in Crawfordsville to Laura E. McMechan. She was a daughter of Dr. James G. and Eliza McMechan, and she was born in Crawfordsville on May 14, 1837. Her father was a native of Ohio, and he came to Montgomery county in an early day, and here practiced medicine until his death on June 7, 1899, ^^ the advanced age of ninety-one years. His wife preceded him to the grave in 1892. To Michael D. White and wife ten children were born, live of whom are still living, namely: Mellie E., wife of Wallace A. Stillwell, of Los Angeles; John L. lives in Portland, Oregon; George Raymond, subject of this sketch ; Grace M., wife of Earl C. Finlay, of Spokane, Washington ; and Anna L., wife of Howard L. Shav,-, of Dayton, Ohio.

George R. \\'hite received a good common school education, and he learned telegraphy when a young man, and he worked at this for the Western Union, in Indianapolis, St. Louis and a number of other places, wherever he was sent, following the same until 1898, giving eminent satisfaction, being an expert and a conscientious worker.

When the Spanish-American war came on in 1898, Mr. White enlisted for service in the signal corps as a telegrapher, and served out his term of enlistment. In the meantime he injured his wrist, which permanently disabled him for his chosen work as telegrapher. He then engaged as a broker, with offices in the Knights of Pythias building, Crawfordsville. He was a member of the Chicago and New York exchange. He subsequently engaged in the picture show business, operating in Independence, Kansas, for three years, then sold out and returned to Crawfordsville, buying out the Airdome, next to the Ben-Hur building. This he now leases, and manages the Music Hall, the only opera house in Crawfordsville, and he is making a great success of the same, giving the people excellent shows.

Politically, he is a Republican. He belongs to the Christian church, and is a member of the Benevolept and Protective Order of Elks. He is well liked and has a host of friends wherever he is known.

Louis W. Otto

It is no ver}' rare tiling for a poor Ixiy in our countr}' to become a prosperous man and occupy a commanding position in the business world, but many who have fought their way from poverty to wealth, from obscurity to prominence, retain some marks and scars of the conflict. They are apt to be narrow and grasping, even if not sordid and unscrupulous. Louis W. Otto, well known and successful jeweler of Crawfordsville, Montgomery county, although he did not come up from the ranks of the poverty stricken, and has not reached the affluence of the rich, yet he has worked his way from a modest beginning to a comfortable station in the world of affairs, being an instance of a man who has achieved success without paying the price at which it is so often bought. His success has not removed him further from his fellow men, but has brought him into nearer and more intimate relations with them. and. although he leads a busy life, he has yet found time to devote to those interests which develop the intellectual and moral nature of man, living not to himself alone, but willing to assist his fellow man on the highway of life when ever proper occasion presents itself. He is of German extraction and seems to have inherited many of tlie characteristics that win from his sterling ancestors.

Mr. Otto was bom in Ripley county, Indiana, December lo, 1864, and is a son of Franz E. and Marie Otto. They were both born, reared and educated in Saxony, Germany, and there they spent their earlier years, finally emigrating to the LTnited States and settling in Ripley county, and became very comfortably established through their thrift and frugality, and here spent the rest of their lives, having been deceased now a number of years. They were honest, hard-working people, and respected by their neighbors.

Louis W. Otto left the old homestead in Rijjley county and received a good common school education. When a young man he learned the watch making and jeweler's trade, becoming quite proficient in them, for he went into the work enthusiastically, having been apprenticed to an excellent workman in Aurora, Indiana, remaining with him three years, then one year as a journeyman.

Thus well equipped for his chosen vocation Mr. Otto went to Pomroy. Ohio, where he remained for a time, then to Gallipolis, that state. We next find him in Kentucky, following his trade in Georgetown and Paducah, respectively. He then came back to Indiana and located at Rushville, and from there came to Crawfordsville in 1885 and started in business on Green street, where the Western Union telegraph office is now located, being in partnership under the firm name of Rost & Otto, and they continued together for four years, when they dissolved partnership and our subject located at iii South Washington street, remaining there ten years, then came to his present location, in 1899. He was successful from the first and has enjoyed a constantly growing and lucrative business, his hundreds of customers coming from over a wide radius of territory, and many of the customers he had a quarter of a century ago still patronize him, this being sufficient evidence of his honesty and courtesy in dealing with the public. He has an attractive and modernly appointed store, carrying at all times a large and carefully selected stock of jewelry and everything commonly found in an up-to-date store of this kind, diamonds and fine jewelry being what he specializes on.

Politically, Mr. Otto is a Republican, but he has never been especially active in public affairs. Religiously, he belongs to the Methodist church. He is prominent in fraternal circles. He belongs to the Improved Order of Red Men, being Past Great Sachem of Indiana in this order. He: holds membership with the Modern Woodmen of America, and is a member of the board of auditors of the Head Camp; he also belongs to the Tribe of Ben- Hur and the Kjiights of Pythias.

Mr. Otto was married in October, 1889, to Mary Keegan, a daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Keegan, a well known and highly respected family. Mrs. Otto, who was a woman of gracious personal characteristics, was called to her eternal rest in October, 1912, leaving three children, namely: Marie, who is in Vassar College; Fredeick Keegan and Elsa Louise are both attending high school in Crawfordsville.

Jasper Hornbeck

The gentleman whose name heads this paragraph is widely known as one of the enterprising merchants of Montgomery county. Jasper Hornbeck, now a leading grocer of the city of Crawfordsville, has for years been prominently identified with the commercial interests of his localit}-. His well directed efforts in the practical affairs of life, has capable management of his business interests and his sound judgment have brought large rewards for the labor he has expended, and liis Hfe demonstrates what may i>e accompHshed in this free land of ours by those who show a willingness to work and be honest in the various relations of life.

Mr. Hornbeck was born on December 23, 1843, '" Madison county, Ohio, and he is a son of Andrew and Clarissa C. (Carrell) Hornbeck. The father was also a native of Madison county, Ohio, and was a descendant of \'irginians who settled in that county at an early date. He came to Tipton county, Indiana, in 1848, and engaged in farming, having entered eighty acres of land from the government, and bought one hundred and eighty acres. This he hired oj^erated and used it for the grazing of his herds. He engaged, in connection with general farming, in stock raising and cattle driving. He was very successful, especially as a stock man. His death occurred in Tipton county in 1852. Politically, he was a Democrat, and in religious matters a Methodist.

Clarissa Carrell-Hornbeck, mother of our subject, was also born in Ohio and was also of Virginia stock. Her death occurred in Fountain county, Indiana, in 1887.