Randolph County, Indiana - Biographical sketches (2 of 2 so headed), 1914 (part 19 of 20)

}.Ir. ^lendenhall was born in Stoney Creek township, this county, April 18, 1869. He is a son of William H. and Eunice R. (Clark) Mendenhall, and was one of nine children, six sons and three daughters, namely: Schuyler, who is engaged in the real estate and insurance business in Winchester; Addison, a farmer of Stoney Creek township ; Leander, a farmer of Winchester; Barzilla C, of this sketch; Alice, who married Arthur W. Moore, a farmer of Randolph county; Florence, who married S. Ben Templino, an attorney of Winchester; Elwood, a successful doctor and surgeon; Clara married Seward Bollinger, a merchant of Muncie; Arthur, who was graduated from the Pennsylvania University, is a physician in Jamestown, Rhode Is- land; William H. Mendenhall, the father of the above named children, was born in Wayne county, Indiana, where his family had located upon coming from North Carolina. He was also one of nine children. He settled in Stoney Creek township, Randolph count}^ when a young man and here he spent the rest of his life engaged in general farming, his death occurring at the age of fift3'-nine years. His wife was a native of North Carolina, from which state she came to Indiana in her girlhood. Her death occurred at the aeg of sixty-seven years. She was one of a family of twelve children.

Mr. Mendenhall, of this review, grew to nianhood on the old homestead and there he assisted with the general work when a boy. He received his education in the rural schools of his native community and early m life took up general farming for a livelihood, which he has continued to follow to the present time, owning a valuable and well-kept farm. He believes in keeping his buildings in good repair and making the most of his opportunities. He was married February 22, 1896, to Gertrude Clevinger, a daughter of George E. and Sophia (Shockley) Clevinger, a farmer of Nettle Creek township, and was one of four children. She grew to womanhood in her native community and was educated in the common schools.

Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Mendenhall, namely : George Byron, born June 4, 1898; Frank C, born December 16, 1903, died August 14, 1904; Paul, born March 16, 1905.

Samuel Paul

We of the present generation cannot realize what the young men of the early sixties, had to go through with, what a sacrifice they made of home ties, business opportunities and even health and life itself, to say nothing of the suffering in both body and mind ; but they did it all gladly for the sole purpose, as the martyred Lincoln said, "in order that this nation, under God, might live." Had they not sacrificed, fought and bled, what a difference in everything there would have been today ! No united, prosperous, happy-people constituting the richest, mightiest and best nation on the globe. So we owe these veterans of the Union army every possible amount of respect, as we owe their fallen comrades every degree of reverence.

One of this heroic and honored host, whose place of abode is Farmland, Randolph county, is Samuel Paul, one of our most substantial and worthy citizens, a successful man of affairs and a large land owner. He was born in

Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, December 31, 1846, and is a son of James and ^lary J. ( SnIIenberger) Paul, and is one of nine children, namely: x\llen E., a merchant in Santa Anna, California, married Mary Lowe, of Gallon, Ohio, and they have one child; Samuel, of this review; Margaret, Ella, John and William, twins; Anna; Donnan and Frank died in infancy.

The father, James Paul, was a shoemaker by trade in his early life, and was a minister in the United Brethren church, in later life his confirmation certificate dated from 1873. He was a native of Pennsylvania, from which state he removed to Gallon, Ohio, where his death occurred at the advanced age of eighty-four years. His wife was a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, where her birth occurred on February 6, 1826; she died at Gallon, Ohio, in 1884. The paternal grandfather of our subject was a minister in the Presbyterian church.

Samuel Paul received a common school education. When the Civil war came on he enlisted in Philadelphia in Company D, Second Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, under Capt. William P. Briton and Col. R. B. Price, serving gallantly and faithfully for three years in the Army of the Potomac. He is one who survived the horrors of Libby prison, where he was confined four months, having been captured by the enemy. Mr. Paul served in the army under Gen. Phil Sheridan, and he Wcis orderly for some time under General Gregg, during the last year of his service. He fought in the greatest battles of the war, such as Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Fredericksburg, Cold Harbor, and many of lesser note, including skirmishes and raids. He had a horse shot from under him at the time of Stewart's raid on Washington City.

After being honorably discharged from the army, Mr. Paul returned to the peaceful pursuits of life, and for a period of forty years was engaged in railroading, being a passenger conductor for twenty-five years on the Erie, the Wabash and Lake Erie & Western railroad ; in fact, was one of the first conductors on the last named road. He was one of the best known railroad men in his part of the country and his long continued service is criterion enough of his faithfulness to duty and of the confidence reposed in his ability, industry and honesty by his employers. He has for some time made his residence near Farmland, where he has a commodious and comfortable home. He owns two well-improved, productive and valuable farms of one hundred and seventy-five acres in this locality which claim his attention, however he takes life easy and merely oversees his property. He lived in Moberly, Missouri, twenty-five years.

dolph county, where she grew to womanhood and received her education. She is a daughter of Lemuel Gray, a highly respected farmer, whose family consisted of nine children, and who owned a good farm in Monroe township, where his death occurred on January 19, 1909. His son, P. W. Gray, now lives on the home place, retired from active life. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Paul was a soldier in the Revolutionary war.

The following children have been born to Mr. and ]\Irs. Paul : Stella May, born September 28, 1875, married George C. Deskin, a railroad man, and they have two children, Anna JNIildred and Paul Cortland; Rolla S., born March 28, 1879, is a traveling salesman, married Mildred White, and thev have three children, Pauline, Richard S. and Mildred.

Ira E. Smithson

Among the native born farmers and stock men of Randolph county who have forged to the front alone and unaided in their own accord, proving that Aesop's old adage of the crow "where there is a will there is a way," is Ii-a E. Smithson, who owns a valuable place in the vicinity of Farmland, where he is held in high esteem, like his father before him, for these gentlemen always tried to be good citizens and neighbors as well as good farmers. The same may also be said of the grandfather.

Mr. Smithson was born in Randolph county, March 20, 1879. He is a son of John E. and Caroline (Beck) Smithson, whose family consisted of ten children, named as follows : Jane lives in California ; Elvin L. lives in Ridgeville; George M. is deceased; William H. lives in Ridgeville; Safer lives in Long Beach, California; Kelley S., lives near Ridgeville; Charles W. lives in Ridgeville, as does also John M. ; Finley T. resides at Farmland; and Ira E., of this sketch. The father of the above named children was born in Randolph county also, being a son of a pioneer who came from Virginia in an early day and here developed a farm by hard work, from the virgin soil, and from that day to the present time the Smithsons have borne excellent reputations for industry and honesty. Here the father of our subject grew to manhood, received a meager education in the log cabin schools and here he devoted his life to general farming. It was in Nettle Creek township, or more properly in what was later designated as that township, that the paternal grandfather, Wesley Smithson, took up land from the government, and here he spent the rest of his life dying at the unusual age of ninety-seven and one-half years. The father of our subject also reached an advanced age, dying at eighty years, in fact, was buried on what would have been his eightieth birthday. He was one of a family of only four children, rather small for that day.

Ira E. Smithson grew to manhood on the home farm and there worked during the summer months and during the winter months attended the district schools.

On June 4, 1902 he married Elsie G. Foster, a daughter of Charles E. Foster, of Farmland, a shoe dealer and well-known citizen, whose family consisted of two sons and a daughter.

Mr. Smithson has devoted his life to farming which he began when a young man, however he spent two years in the dry goods business. He has lived on his present excellent farm for a period of nine years, during which he has improved his place until it is equal to any in point of producti\'eness in the township, and on it stand a commodious dwelling and convenient outbuildings. In connection with general farming he pays considerable attention to raising livestock, always keeping a good grade.

He has been assessor of his township for a period of six years, discharging the duties of this office in an entirely satisfactory manner to his constituents. He is a member of the Improved Order of Red Men, and the Woodmen. He- attends the Friends church.

Philip Zimmerman

The gentleman whose name forms the caption of this brief outline is peculiarly entitled to mention in this volume along with other leading citizens of Randolph county. Philip Zimmerman was born on the old homestead in Green township, Randolph county, September 25, 1870, and in view of the fact that his family history is set forth on other pages of this book it will not be reproduced here, the biographer respectfully referring the reader to the sketches of Emanuel and A. E. Zimmerman. Mr. Zimmerman, like all country lads, grew to manhood very close to nature and in the crop seasons assisted with the general work about the farm. In the winter months he attended the rural schools in his neighborhood, receiving a practical education. He remained at home tmtil arriving at his majority, when he began life for himself as a farmer, which vocation he has followed, having been very successful and has acquired a beautiful home largely through his own efforts and that of his worthy wife.

Mr. Zimmerman was married October 21, 1897, to Amy D. Boyer, a daughter of A. C. Boyer, a successful farmer of Jay county, Indiana, now deceased. Mrs. Zimmerman was reared to womanhood in Jay county and there received her education in the public schools. She has two sisters, both married.

Six children have been born to Mr. and :\Irs. Zimmerman, namely : Forrest John, born September 14, 1898; Charles Edward, born June 18, 1900; Mary Marie, born August 22, 1902; Howard Boyer, born September 15, 1904; Harold Leroy, born October 12, 1907; Willard Frank, born March 18, 191 1. Mr. and Mrs. Zimmerman are now enjoying the fruits of their labors surrounded by many friends. Mr. Zimmerman is a thorough, up-to-date farmer and raises a good grade of stock and is most favorably known.

Mr. Zimmerman and family are members of the Evangelical church at Emmettsville and he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Ridgeville, Indiana.

William H. Sarff

The name of William H. Sarff, one of our venerable native-born citizens, was too well-known to the readers of this biographical compendiurn to need any formal introduction here, where he was for many decades regarded as a representative citizen of Randolph county, in every relation of life, for he discharged every duty devolved upon him with commendable fidelity and proved himself eminently worthy the high esteem and confidence in which he was universally held. He was always interested in whatever tended to promote the prosperity of his community and to him as much as to any other man in the county is indebted the development which has characterized it of recent years. He used his influence in behalf of its material, civic, and moral upbiiilding and benevolent enterprises, being a friend and liberal patron of the church and the school, believing these to be the most potential factors for sul>stantial good that the world has ever known or can know.

Mr. Sarff was born in Randolph county, Indiana, October 4, 1843, ^.nd therefore attained his threescore and ten years, the span of mortal life allotted by the divinely inspired Psalmist. He was a son of John and Saloma (Hoke) Sarff, whose family consisted of eleven children, ten sons and one daughter, named as follows : Isaac, Jonas, Catherine, John, Jacob, who was a minister, and Seth, all now deceased, the last named being accidentally killed; ]\[annases is a retired farmer, living in Minnesota: Peter is deceased; Joshua has been a justice of the peace for a period of twenty-five years; Joseph is a

John Sarff, father of the above-named children, was born in York county, Pennsylvania, and there he grew to manhood, received a meager education in the early-day schools and was married, remaining in his native state until several of his children were born, then removed to Richland county, Ohio, subsequently coming on to Indiana and located in Jackson township, Randolph county, in 1840, and here he spent the rest of his life, dying August 13, 1869. He devoted his life to farming and was a hard-working, honest man, respected by all who knew him. His father was a native of Germany, from which country he emigrated to the United States when seventeen years old and settled in the state of Pennsylvania. The latter's father was an official in Germany. The mother of the subject of this sketch was born in York county, Pennsylvania. She was a daughter of John Hoke and was one of a large family. Her death occurred September 8, 1869, al the age of sixtynine years.

William H. Sarff, of this sketch, grew to manhood on the home farm in this county, and there worked hard when a boy and he received a good common school education which was greatly supplemented in after years by wide home study until he was a well-informed man on various topics. He first married Mahala Warren, of Saratoga, this county, December 4, 1862, and to this union eight children were born, namely : Joseph, a farmer, of Minnesota, married Emma Goff, and they have seven children; Laird M., who lives in Missouri, married twice, first, Rosa Barber, and then Jessie Davis, and he had four children by his first wife; Delia May married Austin Bragg, a farmer near Saratoga, and they have six children; Justin B., a farmer near Saratoga, married May Lollar, and they have five children; Clara A., who married H. Stuckman, a farmer of Minnesota, has four children; Florence L., who married John Jeanette. died at the age of thirty-three years; Llewallyn died as a result of an accident, at the age of eleven years; John W., who is engaged in the lumber business in Missouri, married May Shaw, and has three children. There are also three great-grandchildren.

Mr. Sarfif's first wife died February 3, 1886, and on November 4, 1886, he married his second wife, who was Celena M. Halverson, a native of Iowa, a daughter of Thomas and Eliza A. (Ross) Halverson. The father was a native of Iowa and the mother a native of Canada. The following children were born to this second union: Harold G., born June 26, 1890, is farming in Randolph county; Nellie F., born in Minnesota, September 26, 1892; (98)

Mr. Sarff moved to Minnesota in 1870, when twenty-seven years old, and remained there for a period of twenty-five years, engaged in the ministry of the United Brethren church, occupying one pulpit for a period of sixteen years, his long retention being sufficient criterion of his ability as a minister and of his popularity with his congregation. He had studied at home five years preparing for the ministry, and being by nature an earnest, logical and .forceful speaker, he was a great success in this field of endeavor, doing an incalculable amount of good wherever he labored. He returned to Indiana in 1896 and took up farming, which he continued in connection with preaching occasionally, but failing health made it necessary for him to give up the regular work. Rev. Sarff was called to his reward May 10, 19 14, aged nearly seventy-one years. Politically, he was a Prohibitionist, also an influential -man in his community.

'"In December, 1856, William H. Sarff was converted and united with the Methodist Episcopal church at Old Prospect and was elected class leader, in which capacitj^ he served for ten years. In the year of 1875 Brother Sarff was deeply impressed and felt his call to the ministry. He promised his Lord that he would go into the great, worthy and noble calling. Shortly after the death of his first wife, Brother Sarff returned to that much needy fieldof God's kingdom to preach his everlasting gospel. Brother Sarff received his first appointment in the Minnesota U. B. conference by Rev. S. D. Kemerer, presiding elder of the United Brethren church. He traveled what was called the Long Prairie Mission. On September 7, 1878, he joined the Minnesota Annual Conference, which \yas held in Faribault county, and was licensed as an annual conference preacher by Bishop Milton Wright, the father of the great modern inventors, Orval, who now resides in Dayton, Ohio, Wilbur having died a little better than a year ago. At this conference he received his first appointment by the authority of the conference and was returned to his former charge, serving this circuit for almost sixteen years. The greater part of his twenty-three years was spent in Minnesota. Receiving from his first year's labor $75.00 from the Mission Board and $43.00 from his charge as a remuneration and traveling about 5,000 miles, preaching three times on Sunday and often through the week ; Brother Sarff said in his diary : 'The country was new, roads bad and the people poor financially, but rich in grace, kindness and full of love.' He was ordained to the ministry by Bishop Jonathan Weaver at an annual conference held at Cardova, Minnesota, Octo- ber 13, 1883. He continued preaching in this section until 1896, when his health began failing and he, with his famil_v, moved back to the. vicinity of Saratoga. His sons and daughters are only left to duplicate his life in the Christian faith. It can be well said of him, /I have fought a^ood fight, I have kept the faith, I have run the race, with patience; henceforth there is laid up for me a crown of life which the Lord, the righteous. Judge, shall give unto me, and not only to me, but unto all that love his appearing.' "

Mary Frances Gwin

Mary Frances Gwin, an efficient and popular teacher at Huntsville, Randolph county, was born August 22, 1875 in this county, and is a representative of one of our sterling and influential old families. She is a daughter of John and Josephine (Paschall) Gwin, the father who was a carpenter and builder, was also a native of Randolph county, where his people settled in pioneer days, and here he grew to manhood, received his education in the early-day schools, and spent his life in his home community, dying at the early age of twenty-seven years, in 1882. Mr. Gwin was the son of Oliver and Eliza (Worth) Gwin. The Worths came from the Carolinas and were noted for their zeal in the abolition movement. The Rev. Aaron Worth, the Prohibition w^orker is an uncle of Mr. Gwin.

Jesse Zane Paschall, the maternal grandfather of our subject, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he learned the trades of cabinet and wagon making. From that state he removed to Ohio where he remained only a short time, then came on to Indiana, locating in Randolph county, where he followed his trades, and here he spent the rest of his life, dying in 1865. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and as a result of his military career he lost his membership in the Quaker church. The maternal grandmother of our subject, who was known in her maidenhood as Mary A. Sheppard, was a native of Virginia where she grew to maturity, and from there emigrated to Indiana when twenty-five years of age, and married Ezra Doughty of Centerville. He lived but a few months and after his death, she married Jesse Paschall. In 1866 Mrs. Paschall was appointed postmistress at Huntsville (Trenton postoffice), which position she held satisfactorily until her death in 1901. The mother of the subject of this sketch was born in Huntsville and here grew to womanhood, received such educational advantages as the early-day schools afiforded and here has continued to reside. Too much can not be said of the sterling character of Mrs. Gwin, who was left when young with a family of three sinall children and limited means; however, she has done well her part having reared her family to manhood and womanhood, giving each an excellent education. To John "Gwin and wife three childreg were born, named as follows: Mary Frances, of this review; Albert and Alma, twins, born January 9, 1881 ; Albert is farming near Huntsville, and Alma married Herbert Kabel of Winchester and they have two children, Roger and Virginia.

Mary Frances Gwin grew to worrpnhood in her native vicinity and she received her early education in the common schools, then entered Central Normal school at Danville, Indiana, and was graduated there, completing the scientific course. She subsequently took additional work at the State University and at Winona, and, being ever a profound home student, she has become exceptionally well educated, and has long been regarded as one of the most scholarly women of Randolph county. By force of strong individuality, she has achieved more than ordinary success in one of the most responsible and exacting callings, and won for herself an enviable position among the leading educators of the section of Indiana of which this volume treats. She has devoted her life to teaching since leaving college and has been very successful, her services being in great demand, and she is popular with both pupils and patrons. She has kept fully abreast of the times in^H that pertains to educational work. She first taught five years in the county schools, then four years in the intermediate grades in the Modoc schools, and for ,the past eleven years she has been in the Huntsville school, her long retention being sufficient criterion of her eminent satisfaction.

Andrew C. Dragoo

The biographies of the representative men of a county, either of a past or present generation, bring to light many hidden treasures of mind, character and courage, well calculated to arouse the pride of their descendants and of the community, and it is a source of regret that the people are not more familiar with the personal history of such men, in the ranks of whom may be found tillers of the soil, merchants, teachers, as well as lawyers, physicians, bankers and members of other vocations and professions. Randolph county, Indiana, has been the home and scene of labor of many men who have not only led lives which should serve as a lesson and inspiration to those on the stage of life's activities, but who have also been of commendable service in important avenues of usefulness in various lines. The late Andrew C. Dragoo was such a man. He was for many decades one of the most progressive and substantial general agriculturists and stock men of Delaware county, and was one of the gallant veterans of the Civil war, a man who, while laboring for his own advancement sought to do his full share of the general work of development in his community as a good citizen.

Mr. Dragoo was born August 23, 1844 in Clinton City, Ohio, and he, was a son of Andrew and Nancy (Curtis) Dragoo, whose family consisted of eleven children. The father was five years old when he was brought by his family to Indiana and here he grew to manhood and purchased eighty acres of land near the town of Parker from the government, which he cleared and developed by long, persistent work, and which is still owned by the family. The paternal grandfather of our subject was a native of Ripley county, Ohio and he devoted his life to farming. The mother of the subject of this memoir was also a native of Ohio.

Andrew C. Dragoo grew to manhood on the home farm and there he worked when a boy. He received a practical education in the common schools of his community. On June 15, 1871 he married Mary C. Baughn, a daughter of Lystra Baughn. To Mr. and Mrs. Dragoo were born seven children, namely : William Arthur, who is farming near Muncie, Indiana, married Gertrude Philip and they have two daughters ; Frank Cameron, assistant cashier of the bank at Parker, Indiana, married Isca Cunningham, and they had three children, losing one; Charles W. died in infancy; Clara Alma, who married Edward Sipe, lives on the old homestead and they have two sons ; Anna, born July 27, 1882, is at home; Inez O. married Russell Gabel, lives on one of the home farms, and they have three children; Susie died in infancy. The living children received good educational advantages and are well situated in life and well thought of in their respective communities.

Mr. Dragoo was one of the patriotic and courageous sons of the North who offered his services and life, if need be, to the government during the crisis of the early sixties, serving most faithfully as a member of the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, during which time he contracted a disease that eventually caused his death half a century later,

Mr. Dragoo devoted his life to agricultural pursuits, and, being a pei'sistent worker and a man of exceptionally sound judgment and wise foresight he prospered with advancing years, and he left his widow four well-improved, productive and valuable farms, a beautiful home and a comfortable competency. Fraternally, he belonged to the Free and Accepted Masons, and, ac- cording to those who knew him best, he evidently made an effort to carry the sublime precepts of this time-honored lodge into his every-day life, for, like the one referred to in Holy Writ "he was a good man and just," charitable, hospitable, neighborly, scrupulously honest and was highly esteemed by all who knew him.

Mrs. Dragoo is a woman of many commendable qualities which have attracted to her a host of warm friends who delight in visiting her neatly furnished and attractive home in Parker.

Philip Kaeel

The character of a community is determined in a large measure by the lives of a comparatively few of its members. If its moral and intellectual status be good, if in a social way it is a pleasant place in which to reside, if its reputation for the integrity of its citizens has extended into other localities, it will be found that the standards set by the leading men have been high, and their influence such as to mould their characters and shape the lives of those with whom they mingle. In placing Philip Kabel, the able and popular cashier of the Farmers and Merchants Bank of Winchester, in the front rank of such men as referred to above, justice is rendered, a biographical fact recognized throughout Randolph county by those at all familiar with his life record. Although a qviiet and unassuming man, with no ambition for public position or leadership, he has contributed much to the material and civic advancement of the community, while his admirable qualities of head and heart and the straightforward, upright course of his daily life, have tended greatly to the moral standing of the circles in which he moves and have given him a reputation for integrity and correct conduct such as few achieve.

Mr. Kabel was born February i, 1879, in Winchester, Indiana. He is a son of John and Rebecca (Alendenhall) Kabel, two sterling old families of this county, the grandparents on both sides of the house having emigrated from Germany to this state in an early day, and here became well established and influential. The paternal grandfather, Philip Kabel, was born in 18 10, grew up in Germany and was educated there, and when twentytwo years old, in 1832, emigrated to the United States, locating first in- Portland, Maine, later moved to Massachusetts, then to Ohio, and finally to Indiana. His death occurred in 1897. The maternal grandfather, Nathan Mendenhall, died when his daughter, Rebecca, was a small girl. She- was born in October, 1855, in Randolph county, where she grew to womanhood and was educated, and here she spent her Hfe, dying December 22, 1898. John Kabel was bom in this county in April, 1846, and here .he grew to manhood and was educated; for many years he was a traveling salesman, later engaged extensively in the wholesale produce business, but is now living retired.

His wife was an active member of the Church of Christ, and was a woman of commendable Christian character, and had a host of friends. To these parents two children were born - Alonzo J., born March 5, 1876, who is manager of the Western Union Telegraph office in Winchester ; and Philip, of this review.

Philip Kabel was reared in Winchester and here received his early education, graduating from the high school in 1896, then attended Earlham College at Richmond, Indiana. When a boy he spent considerable time on a farm, herding cattle, also worked in a factory, clerked in a store in Winchester and did a number of things in order to get a start in the business world. After leaving college he taught school for a period of eight years in Randolph county in a highly acceptable manner and was regarded as one of the county's leading educators, for he promulgated modern ideas in his work and was both an instructor and entertainer in the school room, but believing that the business world held greater opportunities for him he accepted a position as assistant cashier of the Farmers and Merchants Bank of Winchester in 1906, and his work was so faithfully and conscientiously done that he was advanced to the responsible position of cashier at the death of the former cashier in 1909, the duties of which he is now discharging in a manner that not only reflects credit upon himself but is eminently satisfactory to the stockholders and patrons of this sound, conservative and popular institution. He is also a stockholder in the same. This is a state bank.

Mr. Kabel was married August 14, 1901, to Alice Reynard, who was born in Randolph county July 12, 1885, and here she grew to womanhood and was educated. She is a daughter of Elza and Martha (Adamson) Reynard, both natives of this county, also, and here they grew up and were married. The father survives, but the mother has been deceased some time,

The union of our subject and wife has been graced by the birth of two children - Martha Rebecca, born January 27, 1903, who is attending school; and Elbert Ivan, born November 15, 1910.

Mr. Kabel is active in local public affairs. In 1910 he was elected a. member of the Winchester school board for a term of three years, and he did so much toward improving local educational conditions that he was re- elected for another term in 1913. He is also a member of the Fountain Park Cemetery Board. He belongs to the National Geographical Society and the American Historical Association, having been elected to the latter as & result of his work on "The Underground Railroad." He has long been interested in the history of his native county, from its earliest days to the present, and is exceptionally well versed in the same. Fraternally, he belongs to the Knights of Pythias.

James M. Fletcher

One of the well-known, influential and worthy citizens of Winchester, Randolph county, is James M. Fletcher, the present able and popular probate officer, who formerly served the county as sheriff and the city as marshal. He has proven himself to be a man of quick perception, broad ideas and honorable character, every ready to serve his community whose interests he has long had at heart, and the high esteem which is universally accorded him is therefore well desei'ved. He was for a number of years successfully engaged in the cooperage business here, his being one of the leading industries of our thriving county-seat. He' is a man who is eminently deserving of special mention in the present historical and biographical work, both for what he is and for what he has accomplished for the community.

Mr. Fletcher was born May 20, 1856, in New Burlington, Clinton county, Ohio. He is a son of George and Nancy (Pomeroy) Fletcher. In 1865 the family moved from the Buckeye state to Muncie, Indiana, and after a few years they came on to Winchester, this county, where the family has ever since resided. The father was a cooper by trade, and -here he established himself in his business and spent the rest of his life, as did also his wife, and they are buried in the cemetery here. Since that time James M. Fletcher, of this sketch, has remained a continuous resident of Randolph county. He received a common school education, and when a boy learned the cooper's trade under his father, who was skilled in every phase of ' the business, consequently, the son learned it right and became also a skilled artisan. He worked for some time for Henry Carter and Wysong Miller in Winchester. He then engaged in the cooperage business for himself until he was twenty-two years old, when he was elected city marshal, which office he held for a period of twelve years, his long incumbency being sufficient criterion of his exceptional ability, his careful attention to the city's well-being and to his popularity. In 1890 he was elected sheriff of

Randolph county, and, filling the office so satisfactorily was elected for a second term, thus serving in all four years, making one of the best officials the county has ever had, according to the consensus of opinion. After the expiration of his term of office he engaged with much success in private detective work. He then became probation officer and has continued to serve in that capacity for a period of nine years, or since 1904, giving the public his usual high-grade service and general satisfaction. He seems to be well qualified by nature for the duties of such offices as he has filled, being ready to grasp a situation in an instant and knowing v(fhat to do and having the courage to do it, besides he is broad-minded, capable, honest and persevering, always looking out for the best interests of the public.

Mr. Fletcher was one of the promoters of the Eastern Indiana Telephone system, of which company he has been a director for the past fifteen years, and has done much to make it a successful venture, this concern having grown to be a large and important institution.

He is a Republican in politics and active in party affairs, and has frequently served as a member of the Republican County Central Committee. Fraternally, he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Improved Order of Red Men.

Mr. Fletcher has been twice married, first, in May, 1878, to Ellen Deardorf, daughter of Lafayette and Jane Deardorf, of Winchester. To this union one daughter, Esther, was born; she is now the wife of Thomas M. Thornbury, of Winchester. The wife and mother was called to her rest in the fall of 1879. On April 30, 1881, Mr. Fletcher married Anna Doyle, daughter of Michael and Bridget Doyle, of Winchester, and to this union was born one child. May, who is at home.

]Mr. Fletcher and family affiliate with the Presbyterian church, although they are not members of the same. The family home is at 235 South Main street, Winchester, Indiana.

Frederick S. Caldwell

Frederick S. Caldwell, of Winchester, at present a member of the appellate court of Indiana, was born at Long Bottom, Ohio, January 17, 1862. He was educated in the district schools of that state, and in 1885 he was graduated from the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, receiving the highest class honors, and was made valedictorian of his class. In 1882, when but twenty years of age, he was chosen as principal of the schools at New Amsterdam, Harrison county, Indiana, where he served with marked success for two years. In August, 1885, having already received a state license in Ohio, he came to Winchester and was chosen principal of the city schools. Later he secured a state license in Indiana, the youngest applicant ever receiving such license in the state up to that time.

He taught continuously foi^ a period of six years as principal of the Winchester schools, and was then chosen superintendent, but retired at the end of one year to take up the practice of law, a subject to which he had devoted studious energy, both day and night, for several years.

In 1892 Mr. Caldwell formed a law partnership with Wesley W. Canada, now United States consul at Vera Cruz, Mexico. In 1897 he became a law partner of Mr. A. L. Nichols, whose term as county clerk had then expired, and in 1899 he joined with Hon. James S. Engle, present circuit judge, which partnership lasted until Mr. Engle assumed his duties, five years ago. He was then for about a year associated with Mr. Walter S. Parry in the practice.

In 1886, at Long Bottom. Ohio, he was united in marriage to Miss Emma Stewart. To this union were born two daughters, namely : Bernice Stewart Caldwell, now the wife of Fred Tucker, of St. Louis, Missouri, and Gladys Lucile Caldwell, now the wife of Harry Oliver, of Winchester.

In the spring of 1912 Mr. Caldwell became a candidate for supreme judge before the Democratic State Convention at Indianapolis. While defeated in that race, yet so highly was he esteemed by those with whom he came in contact, and particularly so well impressed with him was Governor Samuel M. Ralston, that he resolved to know him better. To this end Judge Caldwell was chosen as one of the governor's legal advisers to pass upon the enactments' of the General Assembly of 1913. A vacancy occurring on the appellate bench on the first of September, 1913, Governor Ralston appointed Judge Caldwell to the position. On March 19, 1914, -he was nominated by acclamation at the Democratic State convention to continue in the same office.

Judge Caldwell is accredited by his friends as being a very eminent lawyer and judge of the law. To its study he has brought a clear, analytical mind ; keen in the discernment of complicated problems and especially endowed with that temperament so desirable in a judicial capacity.

Since, 1892 Judge Caldwell has been active in each and every campaign, speaking throughout eastern Indiana. He wins favor with men of all political parties, because of his attitude of fairness and the manifest conviction in his own political principles. He is also popular as a speaker on educational, fraternal and religious matters, and is a favorite at family reunions.

J\Ir. Caldwell is a member of the Disciples church, and for many years has taught a Sunday school class of men and women, enrolling more than a hundred members. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Odd Fellows and the Masons, all of Winchester,

Among his colleagues on the appellate bench. Judge Caldwell is held in high esteem and some very important cases have been turned over to him on which to prepare the opinions. They regard his briefs as models of precision, and when knotty problems come up for solution he is not satisfied until, he gets to the bottom, and knows the whole law pertaining to any set of circumstances.

Judge Caldwell's democracy has been subjected to the acid test, for he has long resided in a county normally Republican by twenty-five hundred majority, yet the fervor of his Jeffersonian principles has undergone no abatement. Equality before the law for all men is an axiom he backs up with manly vigor. Judge Caldwell's friends take great satisfaction in his elevation to the bench, and all voice the sentiment that his career may be extended through the coming years, that he may prove his worth to his state.

Conspicuous among the younger physicians of Randolph county is Dr. Charles L. Botkin, of Farmland, a worthy representative of one of our sterling old families, members of which have long made their influence felt for the general upbuilding of this locality. The Doctor has led a wellregulated life, thereby gaining the confidence and respect of all with whom he has come into contact.

Doctor Botkin was born in Randolph county July 6, 1878. He is a son of Thomas W. and Mary E. (Irvin) Botkin, the mother a daughter of Lafayette Irvin. The Doctor had two brothers, namely: John L., a farmer in this county, married Suda Cheesm.an, and they have two children, Marvin T., born in 1897, and Harold D., born in 1899. The other brother, Clyde E., now deceased, was a physican at Parker City, was graduated from the Indiana Medical College at Indianapolis, with the class of 1907, after which he at once took up the practice of medicine at Parker City, and was making a great success. His death occurred here in 1910, at the early age of twentyeight years. He married Ruby Wood, a daughter of Henry F. Wood, the present county auditor.

and here he has spent his life, being now sixty-nine years old. He, too, is a physician, his name having long been a household word throughout the county. He has practiced for a period of forty-five years, principally at Farmland. He was graduated from the Eclectic Medical College of Cincinnati, Ohio, and, subsequently, took a post-graduate course in a Chicago medical school. He was a soldier in the Sixty-ninth Indiana Volunteer Infantry during the Civil war.

Dr. John W. Botkin, the paternal gfandfather of our subject, was also born and reared in Randolph county. He was the first of the Doctor Botkins here, having been also a graduate of the Eclectic Medical College, of Cincinnati, Ohio. He began practicing medicine at the age of twenty years and continued with uninterrupted success until the day of his death, at the advanced age of eighty-two years. He was one of the leading pioneer physicians of this section of the state, and was hailed as a leader among his professional brethren and was popular with all who knew him. His father was from North Carolina, and was one of the very earliest settlers in this part of Indiana. He was a sterling type of frontiersmen. The mother's people, the Irvins, also hailed from North Carolina, but she was born in Indiana. Her mother came from North Carolina to Kentucky, thence to Indiana. The great-grandfather of our subject took up a very large tract of land from the government.

Dr. Charles L. Botkin received his early education in the Winchester high school, then was a pupil at the Indianapolis Business College, after whicli he entered the Indiana Medical College, from which institution he was gradi;ated in 1904. He then spent a year and a half in the Deaconess Hospital, Indianapolis, as senior house surgeon, then took up the practice of medicine in Farmland, March i, 1906^ and here he has remained to the present time. He seems to have inherited many of the peculiar attributes of head and heart necessary to the success and popularity of the general physician and surgeon.

Doctor Botkin was married April 19, 1910, to Myrtle Garrett, a daughter of Fremont and Adaline (Trueblood) Garrett, a prominent lawyer of Randolph county, whose family consisted of three daughters and one son, namely: Edna, married Walter Ziegler, a salesman, of Toledo, Ohio, nad they have four children; Nellie is the wife of J. D. Barger, a groceiyman, of Ridgeville, and they have one son, James ; Arthur, of Cleveland, Ohio, is with the Multigraph Sales Company, is married and has seven children; Myrtle, wife of Doctor Botkin. Mrs. Botkin's mother, Adaline Trueblood, was the daughter of Jonathan Trueblood, who was a native of North Carolina. The parents of the above named children are both deceased.

Politically, Doctor Botkin is a Republican. Fraternally, he belongs to the Free and Accepted Masons, is a Knights Templar, and he also belongs to the Knights of Pythias. He attends the Methodist Episcopal church.

Daniel W. Grove

The gentleman of whom the biographer now writes is widely known as one of the honored citizens of Randolph county, for Mr. Grove has been actively identified with the agricultural interests of Monroe township. His well-directed efforts in the practical affairs of life, his capable management of his own business interests and his sound judgment have brought to him prosperity, and his life demonstrates what may be accomplished by the man of energy and ambition, who is not afraid of work and who has the "nerve" to continue his labors, even in the face of seemingly discouraging circumstances.

Daniel \V. Grove was born in ^Monroe township, Randolph county, September 6, 1857. He is a son of David H. and Susan A. (Hill) Groves, to whom eight children were born, only Daniel W., of this review, and John B. are living at this writing; the latter lives near Redkey, Indiana; he married Flora Ludwick, and they have one child, Etta.

David H. Grove was born in \\''est Virginia, from which state he moved to Ohio with his father, where he was married, and from there moved to Indiana in the early fifties, and bought a farm between Parker and Farmland, which he later sold and moved to the farm in Monroe township in 1866, which place is owned and occupied by his son, Daniel W., of this sketch. The elder Grove was a successful agriculturist and stock raiser and provided well for his family. His death occurred in 1901. The paternal grandfather was also a native of West Virginia, from which state he removed to Clinton county, Ohio, where he bought a farm, but subsec[uently moved to Indiana, purchasing another farm, on which he spent most of his subsecjuent life, dying in September, 1876. The elder Grove went back to Ohio and spent nine years. He followed merchandising at Redkey for a period of seven years. The mother of our subject was left an orphan at an early age, and little is known of her family history.

Daniel W. Grove was reared on the home farm and he received his education in the public schools. On December 14, 1879, he married Martha E. Hupp, a daughter of Samuel Hupp, who is now living in Parker at the advanced age of eighty-nine years. His family consisted of six sons and two daughters, namely: Earl H., who is engaged in the oil business near Parker, married Luella Ulhom, and they have one son; Herbert P., of Parker, married Julia Life, and they have two daughters; Charles E. married Mary Hafkameyer, and is living on a farm; Opal, who lives in Parker, Indiana, is the wife of Hovey James, a machinist; David H., of Detroit, Michigan, married Stella Kelley. He is also a machinist by trade ; Marce H. married Neva Joy, and they live on a farm; Lawrence, at home; and Martha E., wife of Mr. Grove. ^

Daniel W. Grove has devoted his life successfully to agricultural pursuits, now owning a large and well-cultivated farm, where he carries on general farming and stock raising, and on which stands an excellent set of buildings.

Like, the rest of the family, Mr. Grove is a Republican in politics, and he has been a loyal supporter of the same. He has been township trustee during the past six years, filling the office in a manner that has won the hearty appreciation of all concerned. He was very largely instrumental in securing for the town of Parker the magnificent new school house, one of the finest in the county, one that would be a credit to a town much larger than this and which will long be of service to the community. Mr. Grove is to be heartily commended for his efforts in this direction.

Harry L Drollinger

One of the progressive, talented and most promising of the younger journalists of the section of the Hoosier state of which this biographical compendium treats is Harry 1. Drollinger, editor and owner of The Ridgeville Star, and one of the influential young men of Randolph county. He seems to be the possessor of all the peculiar attributes that go to make up the successful newspaper man, and, being uniformly fair and courteous with his numerous patrons, he has the good will and respect of all who know or have dealings with him.

Mr. Drollinger was born in Roann, Wabash county, Indiana, July 25, 1890. He is a son of Martin Van Buren and Celia A. (Belden) Drollinger, and is one of a family of twelve children, namely : Vadia died at the age of thirty-five, leaving a husband and four children; Aaron, a farmer and stockman of Arkansas, is a widower and has two sons ; Rose, of Roann, married Marion Miller, a farmer and stock buyer, and their union has been without issue; Leander, a farmer of Wabash county, married Bessie Appleman, and they have one child; William, a farmer of Wabash county, married Bessie Swisher, and they have three sons ; Irwin died when he was four years old ; Eva. of Albany, Indiana, married Milton S. Bolerjack, owner of The Albany Chronicle, and they have one son ; Grace, of Fort Wayne, is the widow of Edward Quick, a guard at the state prison, who was killed by a trusty; Marie died in infancy; Grover was next in order of birth; Harry I., of this review ; Clyde, of Saratoga, owns and edits The Independent, and he enjoys the distinction of being what is doubtless the youngest editor in Indiana ; he took charge of a paper when seventeen years old, formerly owning a paper at Bryan, then purchased the one at Saratoga; he is a practical newspaper man, started at the bottom of the ladder, and the future holds much of promise for him, as it does our subject.

The father, Martin V. Drollinger, was reared on the farm and received a meager education in the early-day schools. He devoted his life successfully to general farming and stock raising, rearing his large family in comfort and respectability on the old home place and gave them proper educational advantages. He was born in Ohio, but was brought by his parents to Indiana when an infant, the family locating on a three-hundred-acre tract which our subject's paternal grandfather had taken up from the government, which he cleared, erected a log cabin and began life here in typical pioneer fashion, and in due course of time had one of the best farms and most comfortable homes in the township. His son, Martin V., became owner of this place, which he conducted in such a sjsillfuj manner that it retained its original fertility. The death of Martin V. Drollinger occurred in Fort Wayne October 27, 191 1. His widow still survives, being now advanced in years. Like her honored husband before her, she has a host of warm friends in Randolph county.

Harry I. Drollinger grew to manhood on the home farm and there assisted with the general work when a boy, and he received his education in the public schools of Fort Wayne, which has been greatly supplemented in after years by wide home reading and by contact with the business world.

Our subject was married February 16, 1912, to Hattie Stick, a daughter of Samuel and Eunice Stick, a highly respected family of Randolph county, where Mrs. Drollinger grew to womanhood and received her education in the public schools. Her father was a cabinet manufacturer.

lished The Ridgeville Star for four years and has made his paper a moulder of public opinion in this vicinity and a factor for good, upholding whatever tends to promote the best interests of the township and county. His paper is rapidly increasing in circulation, and it is a valuable news dispenser as well as advertising medium, and is up-to-date from a mechanical standpoint; its proprietor, being an uncompromising Democrat, it has done much for the success of the party in this section of the state.

Albert C. Gaddis

One of the farmers of West River township, who has carefully studied agricultural conditions for a half century and has profited thereby is Albert C. Gaddis, a worthy native son of Randolph county. He was born in the above-named township and county October 28, 1844, and is a son of Elisha P. and Lydia (Macy) Gaddis, and is one of eleven children, namely: T. W., Mrs. Sarah A. Harris, Albert C, of this sketch; Allen died in youth; Warren also died in early life; Mrs. Nancy E. Shoemaker, Mrs. Phoebe E. Marshall, deceased; Hiram A., Mrs. Caroline Tague died at the age of forty years; Austin S. is deceased, and Mrs. Nora E. Barker.

The father of the above-named children was born in Pennsylvania, but was only six years old when his parents brought him to Ohio. He subsequently removed to Indiana, located in Randolph county, where he married Lydia Macy and here established the future home of the family and devoted his life successfully to farming. His death occurred in 1886, his widow surviving until 1907. Her parents came to this locality from North Carolina.

Albert C. Gaddis grew to manhood on the home farm and received his education in the rural schools of his neighborhood. On March 31, 1878, he married Clara Evolen Hunt, a daughter of Lewis W. Hunt, whose family consisted of five chidren. Air. Hunt established his home on a farm in West River township, where Airs. Gaddis grew to womanhood and was educated in the common schools.

Mr. Gaddis has only one child. Myrtle A., who was born January 25, 1879, and she grew to womanhood and was educated in her native community; she married James L. Tullis, a farmer, and they have two children, Clara N. and Albert Harvey.

In May, 1864, Air. Gaddis enlisted for service in the Union army in Company F, One Hundred and Thirty-fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, in which he served one hundred days and was honorably discharged. He has devoted his life to general farming, and has lived on and operated the home farm since 1881, keeping it well-improved and under a fine state of cultivation, carrying on general farming and stock, raising in a manner that has stamped him as equal to our best husbandmen. He has kept the buildings well repaired, and a good grade of live stock is always to be seen about his place.

James Adamson

One of the farmers of West River township, Randolph county, who has the sagacity to grasp properly present-day conditions and to profit by this insight is James Adamson, a scion of one of the oldest and best-known families of the locality of which this history treats. He was born in the above-named township and county January 14, 1844. He is a son of John and Phoebe (Spray) Adamson, the father born in West River township and the mother was a native of North Carolina, from which, state she came with her people first to Ohio, later to Indiana. Our subject's grandfather, Abraham Adamson, was twice married, first to a Miss Puckett, by whom two children were born, and secondly to Nancy Botkin, which union resulted in the birth of eight children. John Adamson married Phoebe Spray, and they had nine children, namely : James, our subject ; Sarah, Martha, Abraham, Samuel, Ehzabeth, Charlotte, Mary, George. His first wife died in 1872, and subject's father married second to Mary Ann McFarland, a native of Jay county, and they had two children, Edward and Annie. John Adamson died in 1889. He was a farmer through life.

James Adamson was reared on the home farm, where he found plenty of hard work to do, for a half century ago, when he was a boy, everybody worked clearing and developing farms. He received the usual education for those days, which was not by any means extensive, but, like most of the people of that period, he added to his early training by contact with the world and by hom.e reading, and is now a very well informed man in a general way. When the Civil war came on he enlisted in Company D, of the famous Sixty-ninth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, in which he served three vears faithfully for the Union, seeing much hard service and taking part in engagements at Richmond, Kentucky, Alexandria, Louisiana and Blakeley, Alabama. He was mustered out at Mobile, Alabama, July 5, 1865. He then returned home and took up farming. (99)

Mr. Adamson has devoted his Hfe to general farming and stock raising, and has met with success all along the line. He is now owner of a productive and finely-improved farm of -fifty-five acres in West River township, on which is to be seen an attractive and neatly furnished home and substantial outbuildings, and' here also may be found from year to year large numbers of a good grade of livestock. His farm equals any of his neighbors' places in every respect, and he is one of the bejt citizens of his community, according to his neighbors.

Mr. Adamson was married twice, first, to Sarah Bussear, August 4, 1867, and her death occurred December 31, 1878. Three children were born to this union, namely : J esse Albert, a real estate dealer in New Mexico, who is married and whose family consisted of seven children, four of whom survive; Franklin James, who lived at Dunkirk, died at the age of forty years, leaving a widow and three children, the date of his death being August 10, 1909. John James, the youngest of the three children, was born May 15, 1872, lives in Oklahoma; his wife is deceased; they had no children. Our subject's second wife was Sarah Ward, a widow, and to her union with Mr. Adamson one child has been born, Mable Ashton, whose birth occurred October 28, 1886. She married John Marion Ogle, an osteopathic doctor, and they live in Kirksville, Missouri, the home of osteopathy; they have one child, Mary Elizabeth. Mrs. Adamson was formerly Sarah Elizabeth Ashton. She was born in Columbus, Ohio, August 5, 1851. Her parents were born in England. The father, William Ashton, was a civil engineer, one of the contracts with which he was connected was the tunnel under the Thames. He married Mary Ann Copcutt in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, England, March 27, 1843. The next year, after a voyage of six weeks, they landed in New York, where Mrs. Ashton had relatives. The voyage was so trying on her constitution they never returned to their native shore. Mr. Ashton became a citizen of the United States, settling first in Columbus, Ohio. Here they became Protestants and were identified with the Presbyterian denomination. In 1853 they came to Winchester, Indiana, where they resided the remaining years of life. They had ten children, namely : Miles Anthony, George Barber, Sarah Elizabeth, Frances, Thomas Jobie, William E., Simeon Lucas, and Mary Hanna. Two girls died in infancy. Mrs. Adamson received her education in the Winchester schools and is one of the "Old Seminary Girls.'' Two children were born to Mrs. Adamson and her first husband. Perry Ward, namely : Emma Florence married Nelson Hiatt, and they have two children, Hildreth and Delmas Edmond; and Emmett Adney married Ella Smithson, and they have two children, Ralph S. and John Kenneth. Emma and Emmett are residents of Knightstown, Indiana. Mr. Hiatt is superintendent of the light and water plants, and Mr. Ward is a leading harness merchant.

Mr. Adamson has always been a prominent member of the Grand Army of the Republic, holding the office of commander for five terms in the Frank Jones Post.

James E. Ashwill

Winchester is the home of a number of gentlemen who ha^'e labored most industriousl}' during their early years and are now spending their old age quietly and in the midst of plenty as a result of their former industry. They are men who helped redeem the ^'irgin soil of this section of the Hoosier state and render this one of the thriving and valuable counties of the state. Such a man is James E. Ashwill, who, like many of our older citizens, came from the great Buckeye state to spend the best part of their years with us, benefiting thereby both themselves and us ; and we are glad that they have done well from a material viewpoint and can take things easy.

Mr. Ashwill was born in IMarion county, Ohio, May 6, 1843. He is a son of William and Susan (Bennett) Ashwill, and is one of a family of ten children, eight sons and two daughters, of whom four sons and one daughter sur\ive at this writing. In 1844 he came, with his parents, to Indiana, locating at Centerville, Wayne county, remaining there two years, after which he moved to Benton, Elkhart county, and in 1852 came to Winchester. On August 4, 1864, he proved his courage and patriotism by enlisting in Company F, One Hundred and Fortieth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, under Captain Smuck, and saw considerable hard service, having fought in the battles of Nashville, Stone River, Franklin, Clifton, Fort Fisher, Fort Smith, Fort Anderson, Towns Creek and Wilmington. After the battle of Wilmington he was in the ho.spital for several weeks, again joining his regiment at Goldsborough, and continuing on the Butler expedition after Johnson until the surrender, which virtually ended the war. He .was transferred tJD Greensborough, North Carolina, from which place he was mustered out of the service, July 11, 1865, and returned to Randolph county, his former home, and engaged in farming until the fall of 1910, when he removed to Winchester, where he now has a pleasant home.

Mr. Ashwill was married July 19, 1866^ to Susan Martin, daughter of Elisha and Susan (Kelley) Martin, of Winchester. To this union were born four children, one son and three daughters, namely: Charles E., of Seattle,

Mr. Ashwill is a Republican in poHtics, a member of Nelson Trusler Post No. 60, Grand Army of the Republic, and a member of the Men's Bible Class of the First Presbyterian church.

David E. Barker

Endowed with a liberal share of good common sense and possessing sound judgment, backed by a well-founded purpose to succeed, David E. Barker, proprietor of a well patronized harness store at Modoc, Randolph county, has labored with the object primarily in view of making a good home for himself and family and acquiring a competency for his declining years.

Mr. Barker was born near Farmland, Randolph county, September 5, 1865. He is a son of Jacob M. and Laura A. (Macy) Barker. The father was born on a farm near Farmland September 26, 18.46, his people being early settlers of this locality, coming here when the land was little improved. Here the father grew to manhood, assisting in the early settlement and development of the town of Farmland, locating there in 1852, when six years old. Here he received a meager education in the old-time schools and was married. He devoted his early life successfully to the harness business, and is one of the township's highly respected citizens. The mother of our subject was born in Henry county, Indiana, and her death occurred in April, 1898.

Seven children were born to Jacob M. Barker and wife, named as follows: David E., of this sketch, is the oldest; Samuel M., a harness maker, of Farmland, and has seven children; Nancy P. died in infancy; Pearl also died in infancy; Leo, who is conducting an elevator in Farmland, married Media Wagner ; Nina May married William P Glass, a tent maker, of Dayton, Ohio; Letta B. married Clyde Burrows, a rural mail carrier out of Farmland, and they had three children ; John, now deceased.

David E. Barker was reared in the community of his birth, and he received his education in the common schools of Farmland. When ten years of age, he commenced learning the harness maker's trade under his father, and became quite proficient in the same when young in years. In 1889 he established a harness shop in Modoc,- which he still conducts. He was successful from the first, and his business has grown steadily, for he has a wide reputation as a conscientious and skilled workman, and he handles a good

Air. Barker has been twice married, first, to Nannie A. Flood, whose death occurred after nearly four years of married life. Mr. Barker subsequently married Mrs. Nora E. Thomas, who was born August 9, 1864, and was reared on the old homestead, one mile east of where the town of Modoc was afterwards located. She was the daughter of Elisha and Lydia (Macy) Gaddis. The father came to this locality from Ohio in the early settling of this part of the county. The mother spent her entire life in Randolph county, Indiana. They were the parents of eleven children, namely : Thomas William, of Huntsville; Sarah A. Harris, deceased; Albert C, of near Modoc; Allen, deceased: Warren, deceased; Nancy E. Shoemaker, of near Modoc; Hiram A., grain dealer of Modoc; Phoebe E. Marshal, deceased; Austin S., deceased; Caroline Teage, deceased; and Nora E., our subject's wife. Airs. Barker was first married October 10, 1886, to James Thomas, and to this union two children were born: Opal died in infancy; Otis R., born September 21, 1888, and is engineer in the flouring mill at Modoc. He married Ival Bennett, and three children have been born to them, Kenneth, Juanita and Valaria.

To our subject and wife four children have been born, namely: Guy died when four years of age; Lena Odell, born January 12, 1894, married Leonard Darah, and they have one child; Lucile Esther, born July 12, 1898, is preparing for a teacher; Cleo, born September 19, 1903, is the youngest.

Politically, Mr. Barker is an independent, Abe Lincoln Republican, and a stanch fighter of political graft and corruption. Fraternally, he is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Modern Woodmen and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He and his family attend the Methodist and United Brethren churches, there being no Christian church there. He served very acceptably as town treasurer for a period of ten years.

Charles A. Fields

Who can measure the results of a life work, especially such a life work as that of the venerable and honored minister of the gospel whose name forms the caption of this sketch? The practice of his life has been not to condemn but to aid, devoting his best energies to the uplifting of humanity, and the world is better and brighter because he has lived in it, and the spirit of his work will continue to abide as the deep undercurrent of a mighty stream, noiseless but irresistable, his wholesome influence pervading the world like the scent of flowers. He possessed rare ability as a pulpit orator and is a well-informed man, his reading having covered the wide realms of science, art, history and classical literature. He has a quick eye for the beautiful, the heroic, the true, the purposeful. He has found all manifestations of Mother Nature interesting, genuine, restful, always the same - finds solace for the ills of life in the repose and sympathy of her solitudes. He is a versatile, thoroughly self-educated, self-made man, having left unexplored no branch of true culture, truly one of Nature's noblemen.

Mr. Fields was born in Hawkins ^ounty. Butcher's valley, Tennessee, December 2, 1830. He is a son of Martin and Margaret (Maness) Fields, and they had nine sons and two daughters. Only two of these children now survive, our subject and William H.

Martin Fields, the father, was born in North Carolina, from which state he moved into Tennessee in a very early day, then came on to Indiana shortly after the birth of our subject. He was a gunsmith by trade, also followed farming. He spent the latter part of his life on a farm in Jackson township, Randolph county, dying there in 1850, and was buried, in Ward township. His wife was born in Tennessee and there grew to womanhood. She died in Randolph county, Indiana, in 1840.

Charles A. Fields grew to manhood on the farm in this county and he received his education in the old-time local schools and by continuous home reading and study in later life. Early in young manhood he began preaching in the United Brethren church, was ordained in Allen county, Indiana, and preached under the auspices of the Auglaise conference in Indiana and Ohio, in the pioneer days, when the mail was carried oh horseback from Winchester to Fort Wayne, and the carrier often slept in a tree to keep out of harm's way by the wolves. Our subject was in Indianapolis in 1847, when the future metropolis was only an acre in extent. He performed a great service to the people of the early times and endured many hardships and privations in order to carry help and the gospel to the needy, but he never complained, regarding it as a great privilege to- be thus called to follow in the footsteps of the lowly Nazarene. He was always an earnest, forceful and not infrequently truly eloquent pulpit orator, and well versed in the Bible.

Mr. Fields was married April 15, 185 1, to Sarah Diehl, a native of Ohio, and to this union the following children were born, namely : W. S., a real estate dealer of Gas City, Indiana, married Minerva Baker, and they have six children, having lost two by death; Etta is the wife of W. H. Fraze, a farmer of Union City, Indiana, and they had thirteen children, two of whom are deceased ; Rumina married Samuel Sipe, a contractor of Gas City, and they have five sons and one daughter, and they lost one son and one daughter ; E. L. is engaged in the lumber business at Shreveport, Louisiana, married Ida Ross, and they have three children; Eli A., who lives at Saratoga, is a prominent business man and influential citizen of that vicinity, owning three hundred acres of well improved and valuable land, and a large saw mill, being extensively engaged in the manufacture of hardwood lumber; he married Clara LoUar, of Saratoga, a daughter of Joseph W. Lollar, a successful farmer of Ward township, where Mrs, Fields grew to womanhood and was educated. To Eli A. Fields and wife the following children have been born : Hazel, Merritt, Constance died in youth ; Noble, Richard and Carol. William M. Fields, son of the subject of this sketch, is a contractor and builder at Richmond, Indiana; he married Cora Ballard, and they have one child.

Charles A. Fields is now living retired in his cozy home in Union City, this county, where he is highly esteemed by all classes. It is a fact worthy of mention here that when seventy-five years of age he verified tax titles of transfers that were made when he was thirteen years old. He has passed his eighty-third milestone, and is a grand old man, eminently deserving of the high esteem in which he is universally held.

Charles H. Lennon

Charles H. Lennon was born August i6, 1869, in Winchester, Randolph county, and here he has been pleased to spend his life, contending that home was good enough. He is a son of Dennis and Susan (Martin) Lennon. The father was born in Ireland and the mother in Pennsylvania. The elder Lennon emigrated from the Emerald Isle to the United States when a young man, landing in New York City, where he remained a few months, then came to Winchester, Indiana, where he established the future home of the family, and here spent the rest of his active life engaged in raifi-oading. He and his wife are now living retired from the active duties of life. She came to this city when a young girl with her family from Pennsylvania and here met and married Mr. Lennon.

Charles H. Lennon was reared in Winchester, spending his boyhood much hke that of other town boys of his time. He received his education in the public schools. He began life for himself by railroading, which he followed for about four years, then became connected with the bridge construction builders of the Big Four railroad, and this line of work he followed for about thirteen years, during which he gave eminent satisfaction and mastered the ins and outs of the work. In 1901 he began the business of building and contracting in Winchester, and has been engaged in this Hne of endeavor continuously to the present time, during which he has erected some of the best public and private buildings and residences in the city. His reputation for prompt and high grade work is widespread, and his services are in great demand. He carries on an extensive work all over this section of the state. He keeps fully abreast of the times in all that pertains to the building world, and is well equipped in every respect for his work. He contracts to complete buildings from cellar to roof. He always has many contracts in surrounding towns and counties. He has a beautiful residence and is one of our substantia] citizens.

Mr. Lennon is a Republican in politics, and is more or less active in public affairs. Fraternally, he belongs to the Independent Order of Odd .Fellows, the Encampment, and the Knights of Pythias, and the Modern Woodmen of America.

On October 13, 1889, Mr. Lennon was married to Viola Hodson, a daughter of Stephen R. and Eliza (Ellis) Hodson, of Geneva, Adams county, Indiana, and to this union the following children have been born, namely : Ava, George, Thelma, Ida and Will, twins, and Ralph, all at home with their parents.

Charles W. Pierce

The chief characteristics of Charles W. Pierce, one of the best-known business men of Union City, Randolph county, are keenness of perception, an unflagging energy, honesty of purpose and motive and every-day common sense, which have enabled him not only to advance -his own interests, but also largely contribute to the moral and material advancement of the locality. He worked his way from a modest beginning, having started on his career, "a youth to fortune and to fame unknown," and step by step has risen to a position of no mean importance, by his individual efforts, which have been practically unaided, which fact renders him the more worthy of the praise that is freely accorded him by his fellow-men, his life having been one of unceasing industry and perseverance, and the honorable and systematic methods he has ever employed are commended to others,, if they court the goddess. Success.

who emigrated to America about the year 1645, locating in Hingham, Massachusetts, in 1656, removing the following year to Scituate, where he lived until he met an untimely death, in 1662. He was born in England in 1615, was twice married, his last wife being Mrs. Anna James, of Hingham, later of Scituate. She was killed by the Indians Sunday, March 26, 1676. The following Avere the Captain's children: Persis, Benjamin, John, Ephraim, Eliza, Deborah, Anna, Abijah, Ruth and Abigail. The present Pierce family, so numerous throughout the United States, is directly descended from the above-named children.

Levi Pierce, father of our subject, was born in Rehoboth, Bristol county, Massachusetts, and was brought up on his father's farm. When nineteen years of age he became dissatisfied with farm life and started for the city of Providence, Rhode Island, much against the wishes of his father. There he soon mastered the trade of a mason and in a short time became a contractor and builder, erecting the first factory near Providence. Later he engaged in the livery business ; selling that out, he next started in the manufacture of clothing", which grew to large proportions, and he became a wealthy man, and owned two schooners which he loaded with clothing and shipped to the South. Soon afterwards he went west, taking with him his son, Franklin F. During their absence the family moved to Bufifalo, New York, making the trip on a canal boat. Soon after the family had settled in their new home, news came to them, in the year 1838, that the father was dead. As Franklin F. never returned it was supposed that he, too, was dead. Mr. Pierce was a man of fine personal appearance, kind-hearted and generous, fond of his family and was an excellent provider, and he gave his children every advantage possible. He was born June 8, 1797. On March 9, 1818, he married Betsey S. Wheeler, who was born in 1800, and died February 23, 1881. His death is supposed to have occurred in, 1838. The following children were born to them: Charles W., of this sketch; Levi L., born November 18, 1830, married Ellen E. Wright-; Elizabeth S., born March 22, 1822, married in Buffalo, New York, December 16, 1840, to Cortland Philip Livingston Butler, who was born March 8, 1813. Levi Pierce was a son of Isaac Pierce, born September 12, 1763, who married on October 7, 1782, Anna Fitch, a daughter of Capt. Amos Fitch, of Swansea, who was born March i, 1763, and died November 15, 1809, and is buried in the Pierce cemetery in Rehoboth, Massachusetts. He was married a second time, November i, 18 10, by Elder Preserve Pierce, to Polly Brown, who was born August 21, 1789, and who died March 10, 1838. His third wife was Elizabeth Carpenter. Isaac Pierce resided at Rehoboth, Massachusetts, where his death occurred November 26, 1849. ^^e following were his children: Hannah Hiram W., Lyman, Nancy, Isaac, Mahala, Angia, Levi, Mary A. Watei'- man, Betsey, Poly, Jeremiah B., Delana, Laura A., Sophronia, Cyrus and Holiness - eighteen in all.

Isaac Pierce, son of Nathan Pierce, was born in Rehoboth, Massachusetts, in 1763, and always resided in that town and within four miles of the place of his birth. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary war for a short time, when but sixteen years of age, at the time the British were in Newport. After his marriage he lived a short'-time with his grandfather, Michael Pierce, at the end of a year returning to his father's farm, where he passed the remainder of his days. He reared a large family in comfort, being a man of industry, and kept out of debt. When he was a boy there was not a vehicle in the town of Rehoboth - everybody rode on horseback. There were a few heavy, clumsy ox-carts, built after the English pattern. He often went to church with an ox-team and wagon. He was a man of good sound sense and judgment. When eighteen years of age he joined his father's church, but at the age of twenty-five he was excommunicated from the society, because he went twice to hear a Universalist preacher.

Rev. Nathan Pierce was a son of Michael Pierce, born February 21, 1 71 6, married on October 6, 1736, Lydia Martin, who was born July 17, 1718, and she died December 21, 1798. She was a daughter of Ephraim Alartin and was a remarkably smart woman. His death occurred April 14, 1793. She was from Barrington, Rhode Island, was noted for her learning and personal attractiveness, and she gave her husband much assistance in his work as a Baptist minister, he having preached for forty years in one church. He was succeeded by his son, Rev. Preserve Pierce, who also preached in the same pulpit for a period of forty years, a remarkable record for father and son, which, perhaps, is not paralleled throughout the country. The church is still known as the Pierce meeting-house. The following children were born to Nathan Pierce and wife : Freelove, Nathan, Jr., Benjamin, Pardon, Mary, Martin, Judah, Hezekiah, Peleg, Preserve, Isaac, Chloe, Lydia, David and Joseph. Michael Pierce, mentioned above, was born April 24, 1692, married Judith Ellis, a daughter of Judge Ellis, and she was born in 1686, died October 6, 1744. His death occurred October 18, 1786, at the age of ninety-four years. He resided at Warwick, Rhode Island;" Swansea and Rehoboth, Massachusetts. His children were Ephraim, Wheeler, Nathan, Mary, Judith, Michael, Job, Caleb and Joshua. Michael Pierce was a son of Ephraim, the third, who was born in 1674, married Mary Law, and they

Ephraim Pierce, Jr., was the son of Ephraim, St., who married Hannah Holbrook. He moved to Warwick, Rhode Island, from Weymouth, Massachusetts, where his first child was born, and according to the town records was called Isricum. On May 3, 1681, he was made a freeman of the colony from Providence. His will was dated July 18, 1718, and was proved in Warwick, September 2^,, 1719. His death occurred September 14, 1719, and his wife died the same year. Ephraim Pierce, the first, was a son of Capt. Michael Pierce, mentioned at the outset of this article.

Charles W. Pierce, the immediate subject of this sketch, received a practical education in the public schools, and when a boy he started out in the business world. He came to Union City, Indiana, in 1865 and bought a farm and soon had a good foothold. In 1875 he began in the grain and elevator business at Union City, which is still operated, having attained very large 'proportions, gradually growing from a small beginning. The company was first incorporated in 1899, and again in 1905. Today the Pierce Elevator Company is one of the best known in northern Indiana. Mr. Pierce is also owner of one thousand acres of valuable and productive farming land, all in the vicinity of Union City, the farthest being only seven miles away. He manages all these farms himself, visiting them several times each week. He owns one-third interest in the Pierce Elevator Company. He deserves a great deal of credit for what he has accomplished, starting with nothing and is now one of the substantial and influential citizens of Randolph county.

Charles W. Pierce is independent in politics, and he has been a member of the INIethodist Episcopal church for a period of fifty years. He was married, first, to Emma Haddock, whose death occurred March 12, 1874. To this union the following children were born : Mary C, who married William R. Craven, of Dayton, Ohio, he being vice-president and general manager of the Dayton Savings and Trust Company, where an extensive business is carried on and more than fifteen clerks are employed. Mrs. Craven received her education in the common schools and in DePauw University. They have one child, Dorothy Craven, now about seventeen years of age. Clarence Stewart Pierce was born in Randolph county, December 9, 1870, married Bertha Prior in March, 1894. She is a step-daughter of Charles Prior. She finished her education in the college at Oxford, Ohio. Their children are Charles Stewart Pierce, Jr., born February 6, 1895, was graduated from the high school and passed his first year at Ann Arbor, in the

Clarence S. Pierce was elected mayor of Union City in 1898 and was elected to the legislature of Indiana from Randolph county, in 1912, serving in the session of 1913 where he made his influence felt for the general good c-f his locality and the entire state and won the hearty approval of hi« constituents, proving himself to be a faithful and conscientious and able public servant. He was appointed a member of the school board in Union City in 1910 and elected a member of the same in 1913 for a term of three years. He has done much for the improvement of local schools. He is a graduate of the high school of Union City, later studying at DePauw University. He has held business connection with his father since 1890 and is now the able and energetic president of the Pierce Elevator Company, which includes two branch elevators in other localities, all doing a large and growing business.

The second wife of Charles AA' Pierce was Anna J. Fisher, who was born near Richmond, Indiana, in 1837. [Mr. Pierce died a few weeks after this sketch was written.]

Frank R. Davis was born at Barton, Ohio, June 5, 1871. He is a son of Frank C. Davis, who was born in A'irginia, April 15, 1840. He was engaged in the piano business for a period of thirty-seven years and spent the major portion of his business life in Boston, [Massachusetts, and died in that city from an injur}-, !\Iay 29, 1896. His wife's name was Phillips and she was born in Virginia, September 27, 1842. She at present resides with one of her sons in Columbus, Ohio. To Frank C. Davis and wife the following children were born: Dr. James R., a physician of Columbus, Ohio; Dr. Howard H., a dentist of Bridgeport, Ohio; George S., formerly a wellknown ball player, who is now practicing law in Xew York City; Mary C. married Henry Simmons, a foreign missionary ; Loretta X. married George L. Hardy, a h-ardware merchant of the firm of Hardy & Scni, of Xew Philadelphia, Ohio, and Frank R., our subject.

Our subject's paternal grandfather, H. G. Davis, lived in Maryland, reaching the remarkable age of one hundred and two years. Henry L. Phillips, the maternal grandfather, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, also in the war of 1812. It is believed that he died in Mississippi.

trank R. Davis grew to manhood at Barton, Ohio, and there he received his education. After graduating from the high school he spent one } ear m the Ohio State University. Following in the footsteps of his father m a business way, he purchased on August 2']. 1910, the piano business at 311 Oak street. Union City, Indiana, and here he still maintains his store Avhich he has made a great success from the start, and now enjoys a very wide and rapidly growing business which extends over an astonishingly large territory. He has mastered the various phases of the business, having been engaged in the sale of pianos from early manhood and is familiar with all makes and grades of pianos, from the lowest to the highest, and his education and familiarity along that line gives him a great advantage. His uniform courtesy and fairness to his hundreds of customers have won him the confidence and good will of all. He was engaged in selling pianos for seventeen years prior to locating in Union City, having been employed by H. P. Nelson, for whom he traveled from coast to coast, giving his employer the utmost satisfaction in every respect. He was brought up in the piano business and fully understands the manufacture as well as the sale of these instruments.

Air. Davis was married June 22, 1909 to Blanche Grace Hinkle, who was born in Xorth Alanchester, Indiana, October 29, 1884. To this union one child has been born, Douglas Davis, whose birth occurred December 18, J912. Mrs. Davis is a daughter of Henry and Jennie Hinkle, now living in retirement in Xorth Manchester, where she grew to womanhood and received her education graduating from the high school, after which she taught school for five years, teaching in the eighth grade for three years. She was also given an excellent musical education at North Alanchester and naught music for several years in the Central high school. She is very proficient on the piano. She has two sisters, Georgia Ethel, who was graduated from the North Manchester High school. She married Ben H. Willis, in September, igio, and thev have one child, Max Harold Willis, born November 30, 191 1. \A'ilma M., the other sister of Mrs, Davis, was born November 16, 1893, educated in North Manchester, and married Jack Cone, a moulder of Indianapolis where they reside. Grandfather Hinkle was a native of Pennsylvania, from which state he finally moved to Missouri, later to Ohio, thence to Indiana and died here many years ago. liis wife was a Miss Flickenger and died about li

Edward I. Brown

The most of people who have never lived on a farm think that it does not require any special skill to conduct the operations of husbandry. They are accustomed to think that the driving of a team of horses to a plow or harrow, a reaper or a wagon, the scores of other duties connected with general husbandry do not require a finished education or a high degree of intellectual activity. Neither does it to conduct a grocery store, a hotel or a foundry. In these cases it does require, however, a thorough knowledge of the subject. The farmer must know how to sow grain, how to select the best varieties and whether it is in good condition, when to cut his wheat and his grass, how it should be cured, when it is ready to stack, whether it has gone through the sweating process and is ready to thresh - in fact, "he must know a thousand such things, without a proper knowledge of which he is certain to lose heavily, a thing he can not afford to do, because the farmer's profits are some years small and he must figure very close if he is adequately repaid for his expenditure of hard labor. Such a farmer is Edward I. Brown, of Washington township, Randolph county.

Mr; Brown was born in Darke county, Ohio, April 29, 1850. He is a son of Elisha and Nancy W. (Thomas) Brown. The father was born in the same township and county as was our subject on November 17, 18 19. He was a son of John Brown, who was a native of Maryland from which state he came to Ohio when a young man and was one of the pioneer settlers of Darke county, where he spent the rest of his life, as did also his wife Sarah Stockdale, who was a native of Maryland, too. Elisha Brown grew to manhood amid pioneer conditions and had little opportunity to obtain an education. He followed farming in his native county until 1867 when he removed to Champaign county, Illinois where he lived two years, then came to Randolph county, Indiana and located in Greensfork township, buying one hundred and twenty acres which he farmed until his death, May 30, 1888. Politically, he was a Democrat and while living in Ohio was a school director in his district. He was an active member of the Christian church. He and Nancy W. Thomas were married March i, 1849. She was born in Wayne county, Indiana, November 28, 1833 and her death occurred May 16, 1890. To the parents of our subject seven children were born, five sons and two daughters.

Edward I. Brown grew to manhood on the home farm and he received a common school education. He began teaching in 1868 which he continued until 1871, teaching two terms in West River township and one in

Greensfork township, this county. He then took up farming, buying forty acres of land in Washington township and has continued general farming and stock raising to the present time, now owning a valuable farm of one hundred and sixty acres here. He makes a specialty of Poland-China hogs He takes a great interest in public affairs as affecting his own locality, especially the schools and has done much to improve them. Politically, he was formerly a Republican, but is now inclined to the Progressive party. In religious matters, he belongs to the Christian church and fraternally is a member of the Knights of Pythias.

Mr. Brown was married March i, 1871 to Mellsena J. Hinshaw, who was born in Washington township, February 22, 1852. Her death occurred July 7, 1892. She was a daughter of Timothy and Jane (Wright) Hinshaw. To this union four children were born namely : Aria M., who is secretary of the Poland-China Record Association in Winchester; William E., bom February 8, 1878, died October 16, 1897; Anna E., born March 12, 1882, married James E. Jennings, a farmer in Washington township; Grace R., born October 2, 1885 is the wife of Jesse A. Wright, a farmer of Washington township. Mr. Brown was again married on February 26, 1898, his last wife being Louisa O. (Wilmore) Lesley. She was the daughter of John L. and Mary Wilmore and widow of Charles Lesley. She had one son, Eldon T. who was born October 16, 1882. He graduated from Purdue in Civil Engineering in 1908 and is located at Memphis, Tennessee. Mrs. Brown before her marriage was a teacher in the public schools of Randolph county.

Sylvander G. Clark

Sylvander G. Clark was born in Greensfork township, this county, September 25, 1855. He is a son of James and Martha (Scott) Clark. The father was born in January, 1805, in North Carolina, and there he remained until he was fifteen years old, in 1820, coming with his father overland to Randolph county, Indiana and entered eighty acres in what is now Greensfork township. They found here a great and almost interminable forest for they were among the earliest settlers. They set to work like true pioneers and cleared and developed the land into a good farm. The mother of James Clark had died in 1810 when he was but five years old. He continued farming here the rest of his life, but retired and moved to Lynn a few years prior to his death in 1890 at the advanced age of eighty-five years. Politically, he was a Democrat and in religious matters was a member of the

Christian church. He married Mary Longfellow who died in the earlyforties and during the latter forties he married Martha Scott, whose death occurred in 1881 on the home farm at the age of sixty-one years.