Shelby County, Indiana - Chapter 5, 1887

Chapter 5

Military History - Mexican War - Causes of the Civil War - Public Opinion in Shelby County - The Boggs- TowN Resolutions - News from Fort Sumter - First Company for the Front - Flag Presentation - Other Companies - Change in Sentiment - The County's Early Record - Democratic Resolutions - Renewed Volunteering - Sword Presentation - The ioo Days Men - The Morgan Raid - Public Opinion in 1863-4 - ^Men Furnished for the War - Indiana Legion - Bounty and Relief - Roll of Honor.

NATION'S wars form the most interesting of all its chapters in history, and its combats on the iield of battle are often struggles for existence and independence. This very contest for life itself, is sufficient to create the absorbing interest with which a people watch the country's warlike movements. But when feats of /^iv^ daring heroism, inspired bv the most exhalted patriotism, are added there is an additional halo thrown around the scenes of these conflicts and the}' become consecrated to the cause that was victorious. The deeds of the heroes live in song and poetry; and the Nation bows in reverence at the shrine of its illustrious warriors.

The first war of any consequence that engaged the attention of the United States after the organization of Shelby County, was the campaign against Mexico. In that war Shelby County did its full share. Two companies were organized in the county for the Mexican service. The first of these started for the front in June, 1846. It was company H, in the Third Regiment of Indiana Volunteers. Its officers were Voorhis Conover, Captain; Samuel McKinsey, I St Lieutenant; William Aldredge, 2nd Lieutenant, and Jonathan Keith, 3rd Lieutenant. It was a full company and served for one year. The only battle of consequence in which it took part, was that of Buena Vista. In that engagement a few in the company were wounded. At the expiration of its service it returned home where it arrived in Juh', 1847. Another company was at once organized by Lieutanant McKinsey, who was chosen Captain of this second compan3% But little can now be learned of the inci-

Military History

The Civil War in the United States, was of such gigantic proportions, and was brought about by so long a train of circumstances that have an exclusively national bearing, that a review in this place would be impossible and impertinent to this work.

The political campaign in i860, exceeded any of its predecessors for excitement and interest, and few, if any, have since equaled it. In Shelby County, the contest was most vigorous, and the energv displayed by the politicians and partisans of the different sides was but a reflex of the larger national contest. The fact that Thomas A. Hendricks, who was then a resident of Shelbvville, was a candidate for Governor on the Democratic ticket, gave additional zest to the contest. Speeches were made here by a number of the leading men in each party. Rallies w^ere held in all parts of the countv. Nearly every township had its organization of " Wide Awakes " for the Republicans, and a " Hickory Club " for the Democrats. Night after night was disturbed by the fitful glare of torch-light processions, and the hoarse shouts of partisans. In the State election in October, Hendricks received a majorit}' in the county of 242, over Lane, the opposing candidate. The general result showed the election of Lane by nearly 10,000 majority. From that time on the fio-ht was more bitter than ever. In November, the result in the State was still more disatrous for the Democrats. In this county, Douglas received 2,047 votes; Lincoln 1,900; Breckenridge, 43, and Bell, 25. Douglas' majority over Lincoln was 147, and over all, 79. This shows a falling off in the Democratic majority from October to November, while in the State the Republican majority was increased to more than 20,000. Lincoln was elected, having received 180 electoral votes out of a total of 303. Then came the news of the secession of the States, and man}- stout hearts began to fail and doubt the final outcome.

In this community nearly eveiy phase of the leading public questions found ready advocates. The Shelby Volunteer, then edited by R. Spicer, in its issue of December 13, i860, says: " The excitement and secession turmoil in the South gives no indication of abatement and even the most skeptical Unionists, north and south, have made up their minds to look upon the secession of some six or eight of the Southern States as inevitable and it is hardly probable that any terms in the way of compromise can retain them. They have fully made up their minds (the politicians who control the States, we mean), to go out of the Union and out they will go. It appears to be the general opinion that the wisest and best plan is to let them and trust to future events, or the return of the sober second thought, to get them back, probably repentant." On the 27th the same paper at the close of a long editorial with the heading, "Coercion - Is it Policy?" has this paragraph: "The true pohcv of the north is to assume and maintain a conservative and non-interference policy and act on the defensive: and that when her territory is invaded. This policy it is believed will induce the border States' to remain in the Union, and eventually pave the way for a re-uniting of the dissevered fragments on a lasting basis, and at the same time preserve the feeling of brotherhood existing between the two sections."

On Saturday, the 19th of January, 1861, there was a Union mass meeting held by all parties in the court house at Shelbvville. The control of the convention was in the hands of the Republicans. Speeches were made by James M. Sleeth, James Harrison and Thomas A. Hendricks on behalf of the Democrats, and by Capt. Brandywine and Jasper H. Sprague on the part of the Republicans. Two sets of resolutions were presented to the convention, one by each of the two parties, but a dispute in reference to them ended by an adjournment without the adoption of either, and the first effort of a movement " irrespective of party" in Shelby County, was a failure.

TJic Famous Boggstozun Resolutions * - The meeting of the citizens of Sugar Creek Township, that assembled at the school-house in Boggstown, on Saturday, the i6th day of February, 1861, was the most notable one that ever met in the history of that township. ^ It had been well advertised throughout the township by written notices posted up in all public places the week before, and a general turnout of the citizens was secured. The school-house was full and overflowing. The evening was mild, but cloudy and threatening, somewhat in keeping with the disturbed condition of the country at that time. The meeting was promptly organized at i o'clock P. M., by the selection of W. C. E. Wanee for president or chairman, and Wm. R. Norris as secretary, both citizens of Shelbyville now, but who were then residents of " Old Sugar Creek." At this time Sugar Creek Township possessed more debating talent to the square inch, and a better knowledge of parliamentary rules and usages, than any other township in the United States. Debating had

*This article, describing the proceedings of the Boggstown Convention, Avas written by Mr. Wm. R. Norris, who was the secretary. It is the most complete account ever^prmted of this famous meeting.

been assiduously cultivated at Boggstown as the central point of the township for years and years, until eyeiybody that would talk or wanted to talk, could talk. All the questions of the day current in debating societies had been discussed time and again by the debating society that flourished at Boggstown permanently, and it took in the entire township. The consequence was that the old farmers and their boys were all debaters, and all took a pride in extemporaneous speaking. Hence a liyely time ^vas expected, as it was anticipated that the last resolution would provoke bitter opposition from the Republicans present, and there was a general turnout of them as well as the Democrats, who were in a large majority in the township, being then about three to one.

On motion, W. C. E. Wanee, Dr. J. W. Smelser and Wm. R. Norris, were appointed a Committee on Resolutions. The committee retired behind the school-house for consultation. Dr. Smelser drew from his coat pocket the Resolutions "cut and dried" already written out, they had been prepared b}- him and a cousin of his, Mr. Fullaloye, of Louisville, Ky., who had been visiting his, Dr. Smelser's, famih- for some two or three weeks, and who was very desirous to have them adopted by the meeting, that he might take them back home with him as the popular expression of the true sentiment of the people in a township like Sugar Creek, situate in the heart of Central Indiana. The debate was opened by Dr. Smelser, who read the resolutions and supported them in a speech of probably fifteen or twenty minutes. Smelser was a good speaker, well informed and thoroughly posted on the political new^s of the day, and as he eloquently urged the passage of the resolutions, especially the last one, the attention of the audience was intense, you could have heard a pin drop, the silence was so complete ; he was followed by Norris w^ho advocated the resolutions likewise and urged upon the meeting the propriety of adopting them entire and especially the last one as the most important of all. Mr. Wanee, the chairman of the meeting then rose, and drawing from his pocket a small book, said : " My friends, we are all met here to-day for a common purpose, not as party men, but for the consideration of the great questions that now disturb our common country and threaten this lovely land with all the horrors of civil war. 1 will thereby read you some extracts from this little book I hold in my hand, \vhich is a laconic work, on the horrors and terrors of w-ar. I think the writer so much better expresses and describes the horrors and evils than anything that I myself could offer, that I will read it to you, his essay on war." He then read from the book an exceedingly well written description of the calamities caused by war. This occupied about ten minutes, as Mr. Wanee read very slowly and impressive!}', he being an excellent reader. Three speeches had now been made in behalf of the resolutions, and all of them by the Committee on Resolutions, and it begun to look like there would be no opposition to the passage of the resolutions, but at this juncture Dr. Wm. G. McFadden, a young physician and Republican, who then lived about two and a half miles north of Boggstown, on the old McFadden homestead, the Doctor is now and has been a w^ell known citizen of Shelbyville for many years, arose from his seat in the audience and re( guested the secretarv to re-read the resolutions and particular!}^ the last one, as he thought that he had some objections to the last one. The secretary complied, reading the resolutions deliberately and the last one very slowly, word by word.

Dr. McFadden then proceeded to state his objections to the last resolution, saving, that he thought it inexpedient in the present disturbed condition of political opinion, and in view of the heated and exasperated feelings of the southern people, especially the slave holders, to pass such a resolution, as it would in his judgment already add fuel to the flame so fiercely burning in all the states south of the Ohio River. That it would encourage them and make them believe that they had abundance of sympathy and support right here in Indiana, and it might be the cause of precipitating a dissolution of the Union, they expecting in that event that Indiana and other western states would go with them, and form a new confederation that would embrace the Southern States, the Western States, New York and Pennsylvania, and would leave the Yankee or New England States out in the cold. That for his part he preferred keeping all the states together and not permitting any division of the Union, and that, if necessary to keep them in, he should be in favor of the government using coercion, much as he deprecated war, and civil war above all wars. The young Doctor's speech made a profound impression, and was received with many marks of approval by the Republicans present, whilst the Democrats looked somewhat uneasv for fear the resolution would encounter decided opposition. At this point. Secretary Norris sprang to his feet and commenced a rapid argument in favor of the resolution, enumerating the many geographical, commercial and business advantages that would enure to our people by going w^ith the South in case of a dissolution of the Union. He said amongst other things that the whole Mississippi valley should go together, that God Almio-htv and nature desio-ned them to be one and indivisible, that as waters of our State flowed to the Mississippi, and the Mississippi to the Gulf - nature herself had pointed out our destiny - that as for his part he was born with southern blood in his veins, that he could never go back on his native State, old Kentucky, that he had lived as they were all well aware, for more than tv/o years quite recently, in the Land of the Border Ruffians, Western Missouri, right in the hot-bed of negro slaver}^ where they all owned slaves - that to his certain knowledge western Missouri was a perfect nigger's paradise, that the slaves were well treated, many of them better than they deserved. That from his know'ledge of southern slave holders he would much prefer going with them if they did secede and leave the Union, to allying himself to the hypocritical, cunnin<j:, craftv, foxv, blue-bellied Yankees of the New Enirland States - and a great deal more was said b}' the secretar}' in the same vein.

Dr. Smelser follow^ed with an earnest appeal in behalf of the South, stating that he had been in slave states, that he knew the condition of the niggers in Kentucky was much preferable to that of many poor w^hite men in the North, and a thousand times better than the condition of the overw^orked and underpaid operators in the factories of the Yankee States. That he would prefer, infinitelv prefer, a union with Southern slaveholders to a union wdth the hypocritical Pharisees of New England, the cold-blooded calculating Yankees, whose only God was money, who first stole the niggers from Africa and sold them to the south, and who now^ wanted to free the niggers, so that they could get them to come North and w^ork for them, and wait on them for little or nothing, pay them off in old clothes and cold victuals, whilst pretending to be their friends - they would rather steal a nigger from a good comfortable home wdiere he was well treated and taken care of, than to pay some poor white man good living wages to do their drudgery. The Yankees were nearly all Abolitionists, and he hoped that Caleb Gushing, Ben Butler and all such good Democrats, who were willing to stand by the south in protecting their rights to their slave propert}- would move out, and go to the south or west, where the people would w^elcome them wath warm hearts and open hands. The Doctor said much more in a similar strain, advocating the passage of the resolution w'ith vehement eloquence. Fie sat down and Dr. McFadden undertook to reply, by saying that he had no love for the Yankees nor the Abolitionists, but he thought the resolution was premature and imprudent in view of the excited condition of the public mind both north and south, that it might hasten a dissolution of the Union much sooner than we anticipated, etc.

At this stage of the discussion, Homer Palmeter, an old man, and a Jackson Democrat, who read the A^ezv Tork Day Book, an ultra fire-eating. Democratic paper, morning, noon and night, took the floor. He was an old man whose soul absorbing passion was politics, and who kept posted on its every kaleidoscopic phase. He said amongst other things, " Mr. President, we hear much said about coishun (coercion) in the papers, they're full of it, both Dimekratic and Rippublican. I say Mr. President, let's bring it right home to ourselfs. How would 3'ou, Mr. President, like to be coished (coerced, he meant). I know you wouldn't. AVe all know you wouldn't. Now if it isn't right to coish (coerce) a man, it ain't right to coish (coerce) a State. What's right between man and man is right between States and States. ' Do as you would be done by,' is the golden rule of Hoh^ Writ, laid down by Christ himself, and don't undertake to coish (coerce) our Southern brithrin." He then launched into a philippic against the Abolitionists for agitating the slavery question and disturbing the harmony of the people and the States.

Speeches were also made by many others, as the Secretar}' persisted in calling on every one present for an expression of opinion. The two brothers, Washington and John McConnell, made temperate and logical speeches in favor of the resolutions. Young Robert McConnell, eldest son of John McConnell, warmly endorsed the resolutions. Armstrong Gibson advocated them in an impulsive manner. David Smith earnestly favored their adoption and thought it was high time to cut loose from the meddlesome and accursed Abolitionists of the Yankee States. He was followed by Adam Smith, his brother, who has distinguished himself of late years in advocating the theory that the earth stands still and the " sun do move" around it, in numerous debates with some of the scientific men of the age. Uncle Adam said: " Gentlemen, I have been much interested in the discussion of the resolutions, and I for one, am emphatically in favor of their adoption. If it comes to a sepperation of the States I prefer to go with the Southern nigger drivers all the time to agoin' with the Blue-Bellied Yanks. By Griddy them's my sentiments, gentlemen."

A number of other short speeches were made, by Chairman Wanee, Secretary Norris, Dr. Smelser, Homer Palmerton and others. The large and influential relationship of the Johnstons and Carsons, who comprised the bulk of the Republican voters of the township, were out in full force, and they at first supported Dr. McFadden, the Union-at-all-hazards champion, in his determined opposition; but they were gradually won over to the affirmative by the continued argument and persuasion of the Democrats, until finally Dr. McFadden was left solitary and alone in his opposition. As a last despairing effort, he said: "Gentlemen, the people of New England are not all Abolitionists, and they are not as bad as has been represented. The Yankees were good soldiers in the

War of the Revolution, they helped us mightily to achieve our independence. The Re^'olution, you remember, began at Lexington and Bunker Hill. I for one am not willing to give up "Yankee Doodle, Lexington and Bunker Hill." At this point the secretary, who was familiarly known as Dick Norris, called upon his fast friend and bosom crony, Ben Farmbrough, the great trading man of the township, for an expression of his sentiments. Ben, surnamed " Old Sh%" slowly rose to his feet, and in his peculiarly quaint and comical tone, said : " Gentlemen, you all know Fm not speech maker; but at sich a time as this I thinks it stands every man in hand to impress his sentiments. I know the Southerners w^ell; I hev traded in Old Kaintuck; I hev hot stock thar, and I hev sold stock thar. Whatever a Kaintuckian tells you, you can depend on; he's fair and squar; his word 's as good as his bond. I speak what I know; I hav et at thar tables, staid at their houses of nights, and had lots o' deelins with 'em, and thars not a more cleverer or a more honorabler set of people on the face of the urth than thev ar. As for the blue-belli'd Yanks, Fve hed deelins with them too; an you've got to watch 'em all the time, watch 'em as well as pray, for prayin wont do no good; they'll cheet' you enny how if thev git the least chance, an if they don't they make a chance. I tel vou the Devil will never git his own until he gits the Yanks, and he'll be mi<i;'htv loth to claim 'em for he knows 'em too well; he knows they wouldn't be in hell six months before they cheet him out of his kingdom and set up a government of their own. No, he'll not take 'em in if he can help it, he'll just shut the door in their faces and tel 'em thro' the key-hole that he don't want em, for 'em to go on still lower down, and set up a kingdom of their own, and cheet it out among themselves. If we had the few good Dimekrats out o' New England, I would say, go to thunder, we don't want to be associated with 3^ou dead-beets and everlastin cheets no lons-er. I fer one am fer the south. Them's mv sentiments."

It is needless to remark that Ben's speech brought down the house, and that a motion was thereupon made to vote for the resolutions. The chairman put the question, shall the resolutions pass, it was answered from all parts of the room as well as out doors by a stentorian yes. He then said, are there any opposed to the resolution. Dr. McFadden rose and said, I vote no against the last resolution ; he was feebly seconded by two others, whose names I have forgotten, and one voung man, Washington Andrews, refused to vote either way. The chairman declared the resolutions passed by a large majority, nearly unanimous - he regretted that it wasn't

The resolutions as passed by the meeting were taken to Louisville, Ky., the next Monday by Mr. Fullalove, Dr. Smelser's cousin, and by him furnished to the Louisville papers, with a report of the meeting. The resolutions were published in the papers of that city, with glowing comments by the editors, who represented that this was a true exponent of the sentiments of the Western States, and that Sugar Creek Township had simply taken the initiative in giving voice to their sentiments. That Sugar Creek Township was situated in Shelb}' County, the home of the distinguished Democratic politician the Hon. Thomas A. Hendricks, and that no doubt these resolutions were a true reflex of the sentiments prevailing not only in Indiana, but in all the Western States. Thev were published all over the country from the Atlantic to the Paciflc and from the Lakes to the Gulf, and were circulated broadcast over the entire South. There is no doubt that they proved an important factor in stimulating the spirit of secession and hastening the advent of the inevitable conflict."'

The Volunteer of March 7, 1861, contained this article: "The following are the resolutions passed by the Sugar Creek union meeting on the i6th. The first and second resolutions were passed unanimously, and the third by three or four dissenting voices. The meeting was about equally composed of Democrats and Republicans."

"Whereas, We do acknowledge, and are proud to confess the services of our Congressmen, who are stirring and using their united efforts to promote the best interests and safety of the Union, and

"Whereas, We do fully endorse the Crittenden resolutions or any fair and honorable adjustment, that will answer as a basis for the settlement of our national affairs, that will be honorable and fair to the interests of all portions of our nation. Therefore,

" Resolved, That we, the citizens of Sugar Creek Township, do most earnestly recommend and request the Ceneral Assembly o5 this State, now in session, to make application to Congress to call a convention as soon as possible for the purpose of proposing amendments to the constitution of the United States, based on the Crittenden resolutions, or any other fair and honorable policy, that will amicably and forever settle the slavery question between the North and the South.

That while we deprecate the precipitate action of the Southern States, we are opposed to the general government using any means of forcible coercion, but believe if proper concessions and compromises are offered by the Northern States with adequate constitutional guarantees, that all these seceding States will readily come back, and a reunion of our glorious Union will be the result.

Ixesolved, That if, after all peaceable efforts have been made to keep the several States united in one grand confederacy, they must divide, and we must be cast with one or the other portion, we do of choice prefer to be attached to the Southern Confederacy."

There were no further attempts to hold Union meetings in Shelby County for some time, and things drifted along in this manner until the firing on Fort Sumter brought about the crisis. Nothing can well exceed the excitement occasioned by that tirst act of the rebelhon. Public meetings were held in most of the villages and hamlets throughout the North, at which speeches were made and resolutions passed, denouncing the secession movement in unmeasured terms. The President's call for 75,000 volunteers w^as responded to with alacritv. No portion of the country was more prompt in stepping forward in defense of the Union than w^as Shelby County. In less than a week two full companies were organized and ready for the field, and five others were nearly completed. One of these w^as accepted by the authorities at Indianapolis, and was assigned the position of C, in the Seventh Regiment, three months' volunteers. It was mustered into service on the 22nd of April, with John M. Blair, as Captain; John M. Flynn, ist Lieutenant; and John C. Maze, 2nd Lieutenant. From the Volunteer oi April 25, 1861, the following account of the departure of that company is taken:

" On Sabbath afternoon last, Johnson's Hall was filled to overflowing with citizens to witness the presentation of the elegant flag (purchased by the patriotic ladies of Shelby ville) to the first companv of volunteers from this county, under the command of Capt. John M. Blair. The ceremonies were of an impressive and entertaining character. Order of Exercises: First - Prayer, by Rev. Mr. L^-nch ; Second - Song, ' America ;' Third - Addresses, by Revs. Montgomery, Smythe, Kent and Lynch; Fourth - Presentation of a copy of the Bible to each of the officers, and a copy of the Testament to each volunteer. The Bible and Testaments were presented bv the American Bible Society, and a full copy of the Bible would have been given each soldier had the agency at this place had a sufficient number on hand; Fifth - Presentation of flag. Misses Annie Green, Laurie Sprague and Fannie Robins, in behalf of the lady donors, came forward and presented the elegant flag, procured for the occasion as a gratuity of their zeal for the cause in w^hich their countrymen were about to engage. Miss Green said:

" Captain Blair and Gentlemen of the Company: In behalf of the ladies of Shelbyville, I present you this flag - the flag of our country - as a mei^aento of the past, the emblem of our happiness and greatness, and the hope of our future. The hi>tory of the world teaches us that liberty has ever been assailed, has ever been struggling for her rights, but has never been conquered. When the Roman Empire became enervated by the luxuries and licentiousness of her people, and despotism erected a throne upon her ruins, then liberty was enshrouded in the dark mantle of oppression and wrong. Hut amid all the struggles of mankincL for their liberties, noble and patriotic fathers, husbands, brothers and sons have bared their manly breasts to the blows of her enemies, in defense of their rights. And when fallen - as many have, and may again in defense of this flag - the soldier's bravery, the soldier's grave and the soldier's monument, are the fondest legacies of a nation, honored by historians and poets - the theme and pride of generations. Who would blot from Grecian history her Thermopyloe, or the fame of Alexander, who wept on the shores of the Indian Ocean because there were no more worlds to conquer; from Rome her hundred unparalleled victories - the fame of her Fompeys, her Scipios and her Cresars; from France her tragic victories on the Rhine and the fame of lier Napoleon at whose victorious tread the whole continent trembled; from England her Waterloo, her Nelson and her Wellington; from America the glorious deeds of Bunker Hill, Vorktown, Lunday's Lane, battle of Lalce Erie and defense of Fort Sumter? Who would forget her warriors - her Washington, her Marion, her Knox, her Greene, her Jackson, her Scott, or her Major Anderson? Is there one who would sully these bright achievements of our country or dishonor the glorious old flag of our Union? Alas! there comes a voice from the land of Marion, of Greene, of Knox, and lastly, and most mournful of all, from the land of Washington, uttered by degenerate sons thereof, whose highest aim is their country's dishonor, boastingly answering, YES. But here is a bright oasis in the desert of degeneracy. Scarcely has the echo of that voice died away, ere that banner is lifted aloft by proud and patriotic hands, and around its standard are gathered the bravest and noblest of the land, to defend and protect it from traitorous hands, wherever found. And now as you go forth to swell the mighty number rising in the strength and majesty of a nation to repel the invasion of a traitcrous foe, and to vmdicate our nation's honor, bear it proudly, guard it well, defend it nobly and

"To the liberal and patriotic ladies of Shelby ville, allow me, and in behalf of my fellow soldiers', to express our warmest gratitude for this noble Banner. Speaking is not the soldiers' province. Rather is it their duty to defend that right, when the voice is raised in behalf of the Union and Constitution, but to crush it out when uttered by unworthy men against the Constitution and that glorious old Banner, which has so often waved over many a hard fought battle-field, and never yet been struck at half mast until assailed by the traitorous hands of its own countrymen. We accept this noble and generous gift, and with it, the motto suggested by the fair donors, 'Victory or death!' May we hope tire first sentiment shall crown our efforts. But, for me, and I but reiterate the sentiments of my fellow soldiers, death is far more preferable than this noble Banner should ever l^e disgraced."

The second company was organized on the 22nd of April by electing T. A. McFarland, Captain, D. T. Sleeth, ist Lieutenant, and Robert Connor, 2nd Lieutenant. The meeting for recruiting this company was held on the 17th of April. The following account of it w^as published at that time: "The meeting was organized by the appointment of Hon. T. A. McFarland, President, Green Vernon and Joseph T\ill, Vice Presidents, and J. W. Elliott, Secretar}'. After a few patriotic remarks by Mr. McFarland, on taking the chair, the meeting was addressed at length by Col. W. M. Mc- Carty, T. A. McFarland, James Milleson, Mr. Oldham and E. G. Ma^'hew, in favor of the maintenance of the Union, the constitution and the enforcement of the laws. On motion a committee, consisting of James Elliott (Mayor), John C. Green, E. B. Wingate, James Milleson and Dr. D. Adams, was appointed to draft resolutions expressive of the sense of the meeting. The committee,

Military Historv

"Whereas, There exists an open and avowed rebellion against the constitution and laws of our country, which, if permitted to continue, will prove subversive of the liberties of the whole people of the union, and tarnish forever the gloiy, honor and fair name ot our lieloved country in the eyes of the world; therefore,

"A'esokrJ, That we, the people of Shelby County, totally ignoring all past divisions, unite in one common sentiment, that the supremacy of the constitution, the union and the laws, under their properly constituted authorities must be maintamed.

That, emulating the example of our forefathers, we pledge our lives, our fortunes and our sacred honors, to maintain the honor of our national flag, consecrated by the blood of patriots on a hundred battle iields, and the integrity of the Union, the palladium of our liberty and the only hope of our posterity.

"Resolved, That appealing to the God of battles to sustain us, we are determined to crush out this rebellion, as the only means of perpetuating the noblest system of Government ever devised by human wisdom.

"During the absence of the Committee on Resolutions a paper was presented for the enrollment of Volunteers. Forty names were signed at once and arrangements made to continue the enrollment in the morning. * * * After three rousing cheers for Gov. Hicks, of Maryland, and three times three for the stars and stripes, the meeting adjourned."

This company was entirely filled by the 22nd, the date of electing officers. At that time the name " Shelby Guard of Honor " was adopted and an invitation extended to the " Freeport Rovers," the " Brandy wine Invincibles," the "Home Guard,"'of St. Paul, and all other companies in the county to meet at Shelbyville and muster the military forces of the countv. Cols. McKenzie and Shank, and Capts. Coalscott and McGuire were asked to assist in thfc drilling and mustering.

"The second company of volunteers from Shelby County, under command of Captain T. A. McFarland, are now awaiting marching orders. The company numbers about one hundred, mostly robust and able-bodied men."

"A High Company. - There is now being organized in this place a company of volunteers, whose services wnll be offered to the General Government, when required, of a high order - or rather high men - no man standincr less than five feet ten inches being eligible to membership. Some twent}^ odd names have already been enrolled, and it is intended to have the company filled up and ready to report itself under the next requisition, which may probably be in the course of a few days. Able-bodied men filling the bill in stature and willinfr to do dutv commensurate with their size, are requested to come forward and enroll their names imme-

"Aid for Volunteers' Families. - Our citizens have subscribed hberally towards the support of famihes of volunteers during their absence. We learn it is also the intention of the Cit}' Council and the Count}' Commissioners to make liberal provisions for the same object."

It is probable that Shelbyville has never had a more exciting time than the week following the announcement of the fall of Fort Sumter. The whole county was in a state of unusual commotion, while martial bands served to quicken the patriotism of the citizens. On the first Saturday niirht after the news reached to\Vn of the inauguration of war, one man was shot. This was John Vanpelt, a volunteer in company number one. It occurred during a raid made on the saloon of a man named John Frakes, who did the shooting. From the extracts just made and the resolutions passed at that time, there can be but little doubt as to the loyalty of the people in this community at the beginning of the war. Nothing can give a better idea of the progress of events than these items taken from the weekly paper published here at the time. During this period there was but one paper published in Shelbyville called the Volunteer. The Banner, a Republican organ, had suspended prior to the opening of the \Var. The Volunteer was Democratic in politics, and the articles ma}- at times be somewhat biased with the opinions, or in the interest of that party. Thev are given, however, as the best that is now at hand adapted to this work. The reproduction of these local items will be continued to a considerable extent throughout this chapter on the military history.

The Seventh Regiment to which Capt. Blair's company belonged, was one of the earliest of the Indiana regiments in the field. The regiments for the civil war began with the Sixth, as the State had furnished five for the Mexican War, and those numbers were not again used. Ebenezer Dumont, who had served with distinction in the Mexican War, was commissioned Colonel of this regiment. In the latter part of May it proceeded to Western Virginia, and on the 2d of June, took part in the first battle of the war after Fort Sumter, at Philippi. In writing home about this affair, Captain Blair said : " Col. Dumont's division entered the town by a bridge direct from the north of the town, in which a portion of the Rebels had encamped. Col. Dumont was at the head of his regiment and the first to enter Philippi: Company B next, and Company C (Capt. Blair's), was the first full company that entered the town. * * * To the Seventh Regiment be- longs the honor of hauhng down the Rebel flag and placing in its stead the stars and stripes, and the colors of our regiment. Corporal Hacker, one of the color guards of my compan}', claims the honor of first throwing the stars and stripes to the breeze. Others claim the same honor, but to the color guards of the Seventh belong the honor." The regiment remained in camp there for six weeks, after which it moved to Bealington, and was there engaged in some shirmishes. On the nth of Julv, near Leadsville, Capt. Blair and Lieut. Tucker, of the Seventh, captured three Rebel prisoners. On Cheat river, at Carrick's Ford, where the Rebel General Garnett was killed, the Seventh took a conspicuous part, and after the engagement pursued the enem}^ for a considerable distance. The regiment was mustered out at Indianapolis, at the expiration of its term of enlistment. Capt. Blair re-entered the services as Adjutant of the Seventh Regiment, three vears' volunteers. Lieut. Flvnn became Lieutenant in the Fifty-first, and Lieut. Maze became First Lieutenant in the Thirty-third Regiment.

The compan}' of Capt. McFarland was mustered into the service as Company A, in the Sixteenth Regiment, one }ear's enlistment, on the 14th of May. The officers were Thomas A. McFarland, Captain; David T. Sleeth, ist Lieutenant, andWm. H. F. Randall, 2d Lieutenant. In this regiment, Robert Conover, of Shelbvville, was Adjutant. This was the regiment, at the head of which Pleasant A. Hackleman was placed. He led it through the vicissitudes of a vear's campaign, most of which was in the Virginias. In April, 1862, he was made Brigadier General and afterward, at the battle of Corinth, was killed. He lived at Rushville. At the expiration of their term of enlistment, Capt. McFarland and Lieut. Sleeth re-entered the service in the Seventieth Indiana Regiment.

Besides this company of Capt. McFarland's Shelby County had another full compan}- in the Sixteenth Regiment. This was H, and it was raised in the vicinitv of Fairland. The commissioned officers were: William Judkins, Captain; Henry L. Francis, First Lieutenant, and Samuel Tull, Second Lieutenant, their commissions bearing date April 23, 1861, one week after the firing on Fort Sumter. They all served out the year of enlistment w^ithout change.

There was, of course, some opposition to the war in this communitv, but it was so feeble then as to receive but little attention. Indeed, there was scarcely a locality in the whole country where there were not differences in this regard. Many who were patriots at heart still thought there was no lawful way to compel the south to remain in the Union, and they somehow or other retained that now exploded doctrine that there was no power in the constitution, or elsewhere, to coerce a State. An incident of the times that will illustrate how easily suspicion attached to a person holding adverse views, is given in the following from the ]\)linitccr of Julv nth, 1861 : "On Monday Mayor Elliott received a letter from the Surveyor of Cincinnati, informing him that Moses Frankel, of this place, had been detected with a quantity of contraband goods in his possession, consisting of nine Colt's Navy revolvers. Frankel represented to the surveyor that he intended selling the pistols to citizens of this place and vicinit}^ when the surveyor consented to release him and his goods on condition that the latter should be shipped to this place in care of Mayor Elliott. The pistols arrived on Monday evening when Frankel managed to get them and retained them until Tuesday evening, when he surrendered them up to the Mayor. We believe Frankel has not yet been arrested, nor are we aware that there is any direct evidence that he meant to put them in improper hands, but the case is an uglv looking one, and will require a prettv straight and well authenticated explanation to exculpate Mr. F. from an intention to place these formidable weapons in the hands of the enemies of the government, especially in the estimation of the community." On the 17th of the same month Frankel was still here, and there was loud talk, and some steps taken, toward a plan of dealing summarily with him and his goods. Deeming "discretion the better part of valor," he suddenly left for parts unknown.

It was still hoped by a large number throughout the north that the war would be waged with the sole object of saving the Union without putting down slaver}', the prime cause of all the trouble.

The following paragraph of editorial appeared August ist and is to the point: "Disunionists in all parts of the Union, and under every possible disguise, will attempt to engineer this war so as to accomplish their cherished design. It will soon be made apparent to the world, whether there is yet enough true loyalty to the constitution, and genuine patriotism in this country to effectually put down this great rebellion and at the same time, in the midst of the frenzy and turbulence of civil war, and the animosities and factions it engenders, baffle the machinations of these conspirators, who would convert a war for the maintenance of the Union into a crusade against slavery."

During the month of August, the recruiting for the company that was to take the place of Capt. Blairs in the 7th reorganized regiment, was begun. A considerable number of the old company re-enlisted for three years or during the war. Several other companies were being enlisted at the same time with good success. In the issue of August 29th, the }^ohi)itccr contained the following summary of the troops already furnished for the war: "We think no one will dispute that Shelb}- County has done her duty in the way of furnishing men for the present war. The company now being organized by Capt. Blair and Lieut. Flynn, makes five she has turned out, viz.: Shelb}' Guards of Honor, Capt. McFarland; Fairland hivincibles, Capt. Judkins; Waldron Guards, Capt. Uonelson; Dumont Guards, Capt. McCrea; Shelby Guards, Capt. Blair. Besides these, parts of two companies ostensibly raised in Bartholomew County were recruited out of this county, and several of the Shelby boys are in artillery and cavalry companies at Indianapolis. It is safe to estimate that full 500 men from this county have gone forth to sustain the flag and maintain the integrity of the Union."

As the fall advanced there was a more earnest stand taken by all parties. Instead of being a " before breakfast " job, the putting down of the rebellion had grown into such proportions as to almost appal the stoutest heart on the northern side. The whole country began to hold conventions that " resolved " no end of contrary ideas. In this county several of the townships held such meetings. But the one of most interest in this locality, was the county convention held by the Democrats on the 14th of September. At this meeting Thomas A. Hendricks and Martin M. Ray, were the principal speakers. The former contended that parties were then as essential to act as a check upon the usurpations and corruptions of those in power as at any previous epoch in our history - not to oppose the administration in a prosecution of the war, but to hold it accountable for its stewardship to the people. It is now expending two millions of dollars per day and was it not right that the people should know what was done with the money - whether it was applied to the legitimate expenses of the Government or a large portion absorbed by speculators and favorites. In relation to the war he held that it should be vigorously and energetically prosecuted to a successful termination. For himself he entertained no doubt that the government would triumph, and that speedily, if it judiciously used the means and force placed at its disposal by the people. Congress having recognized by law that war exists, it was the duty of every loyal citizen to stand by and sustain the Government.

The resolutions are too long for insertion here, but they were almost exclusively devoted to the war. They arraigned the " fanatics and Abolitionists north, as well fire-eaters and Rebels south," for bringing on the war, and advocated a compromise or peace that should be honorable to both sides. They declared that the Democratic party was still in the right and still supporting the Constitution and the Union. Perhaps the two most important resolutions bearing upon the war question were the following:

Resolved, That while we believe it is our duty to sustain and aid the present Administration in a vigorous prosecution of the war for the protection of the Government and the Union - and upon this question there should be no division of sentiment or action among the American people - yet let it be understood that in doing this we do not think it necessary to abandon our party organization and principle, nor to justify the causes which led to the war, endorse the odious doctrmes and doings of the Republican party or any or the unwise and unconstitutional acts of the present Administration.

Resolved, That the Democracy of Shelby County will sustain no war, nor countenance any peace, tending to the separation of these States, and that tliey will regard any attempt to pervert this conflict into a war for the emancipation of the slaves, as fatal to all the hopes of the restoration of the Union, and a return of peace and prosperity to the country.

Such were the expressions of the assembled Democracy of Shelb}^ County in the fall of 1S61. This party was then, and nearly always has been, the dominant political organization of the county and its expressions can safely be taken as the opinions of the majority of the people in the county.

It must not be presumed that there was no sentiment in the county adverse to this, or even opposed to the war. The Sugar Creek resolutions, already given, indicate that there were some in the county who could fairly be classed among what were then known as " Southern Sympathizers." In the vicinity of Shelbyville and in other parts of the county there were a few who even went so far as to uphold the cause and doings of the Southern Secessionists, but the}' were in such an extreme minority that their influence counted for nothing.

Other CoiupcDiics for the War. - The next company ready for the war from this county was that of Capt. Donalson. It was raised in the vicinity of Waldron, and during its entire term of service, which lasted until August, 1865, the company had the following commissioned officers: Captains - Samuel Donalson, July 15, 1861 ; Abraham B. Lowes, December 9, 1862; John W. Hickman, August 10, 1864; Benjamin S. Fisher, July 20, 1865. First Lieutenants - Elijah N. Wines, July 15, 1861 ; Abraham B. Lowes, April i, 1862; Alexander Leechman, December 9, 1862; Thomas L. Ha3anond, April 9, 1863; John W. Hickman, August 8, 1S63; Benjamin S. Fisher, April 10, 1865; James H. Cook, July 20, 1865. Second Lieutenants - Michael Imhoff, July 15, 1861 ; Alexander Leechman, April I, 1862; Thomas L. Haymond, December 9, 1862; John W. Hickman, April 9, 1863; Joseph W. Higgins, July 20, 1865.

It was mustered into the service August i6th and at once started for the southwest where it took part in the Missouri and Arkansas campaigns, under Generals Fremont and Pope, until the spring of 1863. It then joined Grant's movement against Vicksburg, and in that memorable campaign the Eighteenth took a conspicuous part in nearly all important battles. After the fall of Vicksburg it went to New Orleans, whence it made several short campaigns of importance. Early in 1864, it came home on veteran furlough and at the expiration of that, it joined General Butlers's forces at Bermuda Hundred. In August it was placed under the command of General Sheridan, in Virginia, where it was actively engaged until January, 1865, when it started for Savannah, Georgia, in which State it remained until it was mustered out August 28, 1865, having served a little more than four years.

Thirtx-third Rcgiiiioif. - Company D, of the Thirty-third Regiment, was the next full company mustered into the service that was composed of Shelby County men. The date of its muster was September i6th, 1861. Officers of the company, with dates of their commissions, were as follows: Captains - Edward T. McCrea, September 6, 1861; William Chandler, October i, 1864. First Lieutenants - John C. Maze, September 6, 1861; William Chandler, November 20, 1863; David A. Fately, October i, 1864. Second Lieutenants - William H. Miller, September 6, 1861; John E. Smith, May i, 1865. Lieut. Maze was promoted Captain of Company G, November 20, 1863, and Major of the regiment May 4, 1865. In Company C, of this regiment, Amos J. Thomas, of Shelbyville, became First Lieutenant and Captain. At the beginning of its term of service, Company D had ninety-eight enlisted men, and was afterward recruited with 106. These recruits nearly all came in at the end of the three years for which the men first enlisted. Of these, thirty-tive died and seven deserted.

The Thirty-third Regiment was engaged in Kentucky until April, 1862, most of the time doing garrison duty. At that time it joined Gen. Morgan's forces against Cumberland Gap, and after the evacuation of that place it returned as escort to the amunition convoy to Kentucky, in which State it remained, doing but little hard service until January, 1863, when it was transferred to Nashville. From that time on the regiment saw much hard service, at Columbia, Thompson's Station and Franklin. Early in 1864, the recjiment re-enlisted and came home on veteran furlough. On its return to the field, it joined in the Atlanta campaign, and was engaged at the following places: Resacca, Cassville, New Hope Church, Golgotha, Gulp's Farm, Kenesaw, Marietta, Peach Tree Creek, and the seige of Atlanta. On September 2, Atlanta was surrendered to Col. Coburn, of this regiment. In this campaign the regiment lost more than 300 killed and wounded. It remained in camp at x\tlanta until November 15, when it started in the celebrated " March to the Sea," in \\ hich it took a distinguished part. After that it started north through the Carolinas, and was several times enijaa-ed with the enemv. The Thirtv-third was one of the strongest regiments engaged m the war, and was always well recruited and kept together. It was mustered out at Louisville, Ky., July 21, 1865.

Fiftx-prst Rcg/Jiieiit. - Taken in the order of their numbers, the next regiment that had a considerable number of men credited to Shelby County was the Fifty-hrst. Company F was raised in Shelbyville and vicinity. Its oliicers for its entire term of service were: Captains - James E. McGuire, October 11, 1861: John M. FHnn, October 25, 1S62: Joel x\. Delano, December 15, 1864: Leonidas Smith, October i, 1865. First Lieutenants - John M. Flinn. October 11, 1861; Joel A. Delano, October 25, 1862; Leonidas Smith, April 10, 1865; Thomas A. Morrison, October i, 1865. Second Lieutenants - Joel A. Delano, October 11, 1861; Gideon T. Hand, October 25, 1862; Leonidas Smith, April 7, 1865; Thomas A. Morrison, April 10, 1865; Joel Gatewood, October I, 1865. In Company D, Sylvester R. Brown, of Shelbyville, became Captain at its organization, October 11, 1861. Of the regimental officers, David Adams served for a short time as assistant surgeon. William H. Colescott was the first Major of the regiment, and in June, 1862, he was promoted Lieutenant Colonel. Capt. Delano was promoted Major, October i, 1865.

The Fifty-first Regiment was commanded by Abel D. Streight as Colonel, a man whose reputation is by no means local. It was originally organized as a regiment of sharp-shooters. Capt. Mc- Guire had seen considerable service in the Mexican War, in the Second Kentucky Regiment, which was commanded at first by Col. McKee, and afterward by Col. Clay, both graduates of West Point. He was thus, to a considerable extent, prepared for the active duties of a military life. On Saturday, November 23, 1 86 1, a mass meetinof was held at the court house in Shelby ^'ille, at which Gov. Morton, Col. Nichlin, M. M. Ray and other prominent men were advertised to speak. None were on hand except Col. Nicklin, who made a stirring speech.

Sword Presentation. - In the program for that meeting was the presentation of a sword, revolver, sash and belt to Capt. McGuire. The presentation speech was made by Eden H. Davis, who said:

Captain McGuire: Before proceeding to the discharge of a duty assigned to me by the union loving, patriotic citizens of Shelby County, I hope it may not be regarded as in-

Allow me to call your attention to the fact that the inhabitants of almost one-lialf of the states composing this once happy but now distracted republic, are in a state of rebellion against the constitution and laws thereof History furnishes no account of a rebellion of equal magnitude, one recpiiring the same amount of force to put it down. In fact, sir were all rebellions heretofore known consolidated into one, in magnitude and potency it would not equal the present. But, sir, those rebels must he subJited, and this rebellion put do7c.'u. With a view to this end, because of your patriotic devotion to and efforts in behalf of your country and her cause, the good people of old Shelby, with their own means, for that purpose freely and voluntarily contributed, have caused to be purchased this sword, sash and revolver, and have directed that the same should this day be presented to you as a small token of their regard and esteem. Therefore, Captain McGuire, in obedience' to their wish and directions, and on their behalf, I present you with the same and solicit your acceptance thereof on their account, because of the spirit in which it is presented, havino- the utmost confidence in your ability and patriotism, they willingly commit the same to your care and keeping. Entertaining not the i-emotest idea that they will ever have cause to regret the bestowal thereof, I have willingly and cheerfully consented to become the instrument to present the same, and to communicate at the same time some of their wishes in relation thereto. The sword in all ages of the world has been regarded as an emblem of authority. Therefore, bearing with you this emblem of authority from them, they wish you to repair to the field of battle as their companion, and there engage in the patriot's cause - the cause of our country - use the same in putting down this damnable and unnatural rebellion. And allow me to say that I know you will cheerfully comply with their requests in this partiaular, and on behalf of them I give it to you, strictly in charge. ]^et your patriotic de\otion so shine forth that others seeing your devotion to our common country and her cause, may be thereby induced to follow you to the battlefield and there vie with you in deeds of daring and of patriotism in defense of our common country; and may they, nor you, not falter by the wayside until the American flag again floats in triumph over every hill and every valley, and from the housetops in every city, town and village, north and south, and until the patriot shall have placed the heel of one foot on the head of the rattlesnake of the south and the other foot on the palmetto flag, and while thus standing, clipps the wings of the pelican, and until not one traitor can be found to bear witness that this glorious country was ever in a state of reliellion. Let me in conclusion assure you that when you go hence to the field of battle armed with that sword and revolver, and with your loins girt about with that Ijelt and sash, to do battle for your country, that you will carry with you the prayers and sympathies of a loyal, patriotic, generous and confiding people; and when this rebellion shall cease and peace be again restored to our country, then may you return to your family and friends, and once more enjoy the happiness of their society. And may the God of heaven prosper you in your patriotic undertaking.

Mr. Davis - On receiving at your hands this splendid sword, sash and revolver \\hich have been purchased with funds voluntarily contributed by my personal friends, and by you presented to me, permit me to say that I thank you most heartily for the favor you thus confer upon me, and allow me to add that during my eight years' residence in old Shelbv County, I have always been surrounded by friends who are firm, tried and true. I will not boast that I intend to perform great deeds in the future. If 1 survive this war I do not expect to emerge from it wearing such laurels as crowned the father of our country, I simply expect in my humble way to faithfully and honestly perform all duties assigned me, and when it becomes necessary in the performance of those duties, to buckle on this sword and girt about me this sash, sweet memories of those who have presented them will flash through my brain and nerve my arm for the conflict. Should it be my lot to fall in battle, I could ask no more than just such friends would place me in the silent tomb, where I will wake no more to the voice of my commander, until God shall call and angels muster the long line of resuiTCction. Hoping that the black cloud of war that now obscures the star of our country's destiny will soon be dissipated, and the bright \\ing of peace once more hover over a united and happy people, the ship of state riding securely at anchor in a tranquil harbor, the stars and stripes waving over every hill-top and valley on the continent, the soldier restored to the bosom of his family and friends, peace and prosperity reign supremely over our whole broad land, the bonds of the Union made so strong that an occasion for presenting a sword to defend it may never again occur, I bid you adieu.

This compan}- started out with an enrollment of eighty-one men and received in all seventy-three recruits ; twenty-three died in the service and twelve deserted. The regiment did not see much active service until the seige of Corinth, in which it took part. Under Gen. Buell it returned to Kentucky, and after the campaign in that State, moved again to Nashville, whence it marched with Rosecrans' army in December, 1862. It was in the battle of Stone River losing in killed, wounded and missing, forty-nine. Soon after this it left on the Streight expedition. This was a provisional brigade organized by Col. Streight, and consisted of the Fifty-tirst and Seventy-third Indiana, Third Ohio and Eightieth Illinois regiments, with two cavalry companies and two pieces of artillery. It proceeded to Palmyra, on the Cumberland River, and later reached the base of Sandmountains on the 29th of April, 1863, where a battle ensued with Forrest's Cavalry, which resulted disastrously to the latter. On the I St of May, another tight took place at Crooked Creek, in which the enemv was repulsed and again defeated at Blunt's farm. The command pushed forward with the hopes of capturing Rome, Ga., but on the 3d of May was overtaken at Ga3-lesville, Ala., by Gen. Forrest and compelled to surrender. The whole force was consigned to a Rebel prison, but after some time the enlisted men were paroled for exchange. On the 9th of February Col. Streight escaped from Libby Prison by means of a tunnel. In November, 1863, the regiment was exchanged and at once returned to the field. In February, 1864, a portion of the regiment re-enlisted as veterans, and, on the 14th of December, the non-veterans were mustered out of service. On the 15th it took part in the battle of Nashville. In the following year the regiment moved to New Orleans, and thence to Texas, where it was mustered out at San Antonio December 13, 1865. It arrived at Indianapolis January 10, 1866, with twenty-three officers and 286 men.

Company /, of the Fifty-tirst regiment, also contained in all about fifty men from Shelby Count}', nearly all of whom Hved in the vicinity of London and Fairland. The captains of the company were Marquis L. Johnson, October 11, 1865; James W. Hafey, December 31, 1862; James W. Barlow, May i, 1S65; George W. McCauley, July i, 1865. First Lieutenants - James S. Reeves, October 11, 1861; Fred. J. Brownell, December 31, 1862; George W. McCauley, May i, 1865: Albert S. Hartley, July i, 1865. Second Lieutenants - John Bowman, October 11, 1861; James W. Barlow, February 14, 1863; Samuel Astley, May i, 1865.

The Scvoiticlh Rcgi' incut. - Shelby County had two companies almost entirely composed of her men in the Seventieth Regiment. These were B and F. Company B was made up largely of men who had already served one year in the war in the Sixteenth Regiment. Its commissioned officers were: Captains - Thomas A. McFarland, August i, 1862; David T. Sleeth, September i, 1862; John C. Newton, November 14, 1864. First Lieutenants - David T. Sleeth, August i, 1862; Edward L. Davison, September i, 1862; John C. Newton, January 4, 1863; James A. Stafford, November 14. 1864. Second Lieutenants - E. L. Davison, August i, 1862; John C. Newton, September i, 1862; Samuel B. Robertson, January 4, 1863; James A. Stafford, August 6, 1864; James C. Bennett, January 17, 1865. Nearly all of the men in this company were credited to Shelbyville. The company started out with TOO men, received forty-eight recruits. It lost thirty-three that died in the service and four by desertion. Compan}- F was raised in the vicinity of Fairland, and was officered by the following men: Captain - Henry M. Endsley, August 8, 1862, who served until the regiment was mustered out. First Lieutenants - Thomas B. Carey, August 8, 1862; George W. Grubbs, September 7, 1863; Isham Reed. January 21, 1865. Second Lieutenants - Coleman F. Storus, August 8, 1862; William W. Thomas, February 7, 1863: Isham Reed, March i, 1864; John S. Parker, Februar}^ II, 1865. The original enrollment was ninety-eight and the number of recruits forty-seven. Of these, twelve deserted and twenty-five died while in the service. The Seventieth Regiment was organized at Indianapolis in August, 1862, with Benjamin Harrison as Colonel, and was the first regiment in the field under the July call of 1862. It moved to Bowling Green, Ky., in the vicinity of which it remained until November, 1862. It then went to Gallatin, Tenn., and in December it was posted along the railroad between that place and Nashville on guard duty. It remained in that vicinity until June, 1863. In August of that year it was stationed at Nashville, w^here it remained until Januar}', 1864. At that time it marched to Wauhatchie, Tenn., and from that place in May following it started on the Atlanta campaign in which it took an active part. It was engaged at Resacca, Cassville, New Hope Church, Lost and Kenesaw Mountains, Marietta, Peach Tree Creek and the Siege of Atlanta. In this campaign its loss was forty-one killed in action, forty-three died of wounds, and 191 wounded; total, 275. It marched with Sherman to Savannah, and then north to Raleigh, where it was at the time

Seventy-sixth Regiment. - In Julv, 1862, a small band of rebel guerillas under command of Adam Johnson made a raid on Newbur£*"h Indiana. It was the first invasion of Northern soil that occurred during the war, and, although insignificant in itself, the alarm that it created in Southern Indiana was little short of panic. In less than forth-eight hours a regiment was raised to repel and punish the invaders. This was the Seventy-sixth Regiment in which Shelby County had a company. Its position was F, and its officers were: Elijah N. Wines, Captain; John R. StogsdoU and John McCain, Lieutenants, all of Waldron. The regiment was only raised for thirty days and this term was all spent in the region of Henderson, Kentucky, having several skirmishes with guerillas.

The Thirteenth Cavalry^ One Hundred and Thirty-prst Regiment, had one company from Shelby County. Its position was I, and its officers were: Captains - George Muth, March i, 1864; George Haney, November 16, 1865. First Lieutenants - George Hanev, March i, 1864; Elisha Weakley, February 6, 1865; Jas. S. McFadden, October i, 1865. Second Lieutenants - James R. Fry, March i, 1864; Fortune L. Bailey, February 6, 1865; Edward P. Kent, October i, 1865. The company started out with eighty-eight men, was recuited with twenty-two, lost nine by death and one by desertion. This was the last cavalry regiment raised in Indiana. It was mustered into the service April 29, 1864, and the next day it left Indianapolis for Nashville. Early in June it was stationed at Huntsville, Alabama, where it remained until October, having several fight engagements with the enem}-. Until this time it had been doing infantry service, but was then mounted ana fully equipped as cavalry. Early in December, companies A, C, D, F, H and I under Gen. Rousseau took part in the battles at Overall's Creek, Wilkinson's Pike and twelve skirmishes with a loss of sixty-five men killed and wounded out of 325 engaged. Februar}' II, 1865, it embarked on transports for New Orleans and from there early in March to Mobile Bay where, under Gen. Canby, it assisted in the operations against the forts and defenses of Mobile. After the fall of that place it started on a raid of 800 miles through Alabama, Georgia and Mississippi, under Gen. Grierson. It arrived at Columbus, Mississippi, May 22. From there it proceeded to Macon, garrisoning that point and sixt}' miles of railroad and taking possession of immense army supplies. In June it returned to Columbus where it remained until mustered -out of service, November 18, 1865.

Wisconsin, offered to raise a volunteer force to serve 100 days. These troops were to do duty in the service of the United States, but were not to receive army bounty. They were to aid in making the campaign of 1864 more successful and decisive b}' relieving the veterans from guard and garrison duty, thus enabling them to join in the active campaigns. Eight of these 100 da^^s' regiments were raised in Indiana. Shelb}' County furnished eighty-eight men for this service, in Company E, One Hundred and Thirty-second Regiment. The companv othcers were : Stephen Allen, Captain, May 5, 1864; Anderson C. Winterrowd, May 5, 1864, and Wm. H. Miller, May 25, 1864, First Lieutenants; James C. Morrison, Ma}'' 10, 1864, Second Lieutenant. They were all mustered in May, 1864, and served in Tennessee most of the time guarding railroads and lines of communications used by Gen. Sherman for transporting supplies to his army then advancing on the Atlanta campaign.

Under the President's call for troops of December 19, 1846, the quota for Shelby County was 321 men. It is needless to say thev were furnished. No single complete company was organized from these men, but several regiments were represented by Shelby Countv men. The most conspicuous showing of men from this countv under that call was in the One Hundred and Forty-eighth Regiment. The officers in that regiment that are credited to this county were: James M. Goodrich, First Lieutenant, Company D; James M. Teeple, Second Lieutenant, Compan}^ G. Compan}- D, alone, contained more than tiftv men from Shelby County. In the One Hundred and Fifty-sixth Regiment William J. Craycraft became Second Lieutenant of Company B.

The Morga',1 Raid. - In Jul}', 1863, there occurred an affair that created more excitement in Southern Indiana than any other period has known. This was the raid of the Confederate General, John H. Morgan, through the southeastern portions of the State into Ohio. He crossed the Ohio River, at Corydon, this State, and began his short raid that spread more terror among the inhabitants than any other occurrence of the kind during the war. He proceeded northword to Paoli, in Orange Countv, then to Salem, the county seat of Washington County. From that place his next town of importance was Vernon, in Jennings County, whence he directed his course toward Lawrenceburg. He was finally captured with nearly all his band of about 4,000 men.

When the news arrived that Morgan had invaded Indiana soil, there was scarcely a town in the State in which the people did not at once conclude that they were to be the direct object of attack. Consternation spread with the most alarming rapidity. In Shelbyville the excitement was fully equal to that in other places, and

Fellow Citizens of Shelby County! You are all aware that John Morgan with his guerilla band of from 6,000 to 8,000 men, is invading our State, putting to death our citizens, applying the torch to our towns, our railroad bridges, mills, and newly gathered crops; horses, mules, beef cattle, wagons, farming implements, everything that can be of use to the citizen is destroyed wherever he goes. He is at this time marching in the direction of our county; he may, however, change his course, but of this we are not certain. And in order to foil his designs upon this place, I call upon the citizens of Shelby County to bring forthwith to this city, all rifles, shotguns, and other arms that they may be in possession of, to be formed into companies and squads for the jjurpose of ambushing, bushwhacking and harrassing him in front until the organized troops in the rear overtake him.

I call upon others who have no arms to come in with axes, spades and picks, to be formed into working sc[uads for the purpose of building stockades and barricading the approaches, and be ready to fall timber, forming abattis to prevent his approach if we should ascertain definitely that he is marching upon this point.

Come in fellow-citizens, without delay and let us unite in solid body and beat back this Rebel invader in a manner so terrible and decisive as to render it their last attempt upon the State of Indiana.

A meetini*- was held at the MaYor's office and work was begun by enrolling and organizing the men into companies. The following from an eYC witness appeared in the Daily Republican^ December i8, 1886:

" Our meeting then adjourned. When we arrived upon the Public S(]uare it was literally jammed with people, men, women and children all discussing the situation, and each one had their own plan of operations. All was confusion. No man would stand still long enough to hear the other's plan. The present whereabouts of John Morgan was what the cooler-headed wanted to know. We inquired by telegraph of Indianapolis, but recei^'ed no reliable information. Parties began recruiting a company of infantr}', and others, among whom E. B. Amsden was the leader, commenced recruiting a companv of cavahy, all to be armed with such guns as could be obtained either in the country or city. The Amsden party had the best of argument. They would say: ' AVhat do you want to go in the infantrv for? Moroan's men are mounted and none but mounted men can follow him,' which was true. The next morning recruiting was resumed with great vigor. Country people came streaming from all directions and by 9 o'clock the city was literally filled with people all anxiouslv in(]uiring the news. It had been learned that Morgan had passed through Salem, the county seat of Washington County, taking many valuable horses, and compelling Mr. Depauw, the banker, to give Morgan $5,000, and that he had marched out and would either strike Vernon or Seymour. Excitement now ran high and the people were very earnest but much perplexed to know what to do. Another effort was made to hold a meeting at the maj'or's office but it was of no avail, you might as well have called upon the clouds to come and hover over and give shelter to those on the Public Sijuare exposed to the rays of the sun, that burning hot July day."

A compan}' of cavalry and one of infantry was formed, and every precaution taken to insure the safety of the town. Many ludicrous scenes and incidents occurred, the narrative of which would be too tedious for this work. This account of the Mororan Raid excitement will be closed with the following from the same article as last quoted:

*-- One of the details of infantry being posted near George Senour's field across the river, about lo o'clock at night the squad concluded that pickets ought to have some whisky; so a purse was made up and one of their number appointed a committee to come into the city and get the ' commissarv supplies.' The farmers having heard that the cavalry were seizing all horses that were brought to town, for the use of the new recruits, hitched their horses along the fences north of the river. The committee of one on his wav to get the whisky discovered the horses and went back and told his comrades that Morgan was already in Shelbyville ; that the}' had dismounted and thousands of horses were hitched along the fences and that the men had gone in a-foot. Whereupon the guards fired off their guns and started on a run for the cit}^ not taking time to climb the embankment and cross the railroad bridge but wading the river wherever thev came to it. All that night men and women staid upon the Pubhc Square anxious as to their welfare. Morning came and with it the news that our troops had a skirmish with some of Morgan's men, near Lawrenceburg, but that Morgan had made his escape and was marching in the direction of Harrison, Ohio. Then came a general hand-shaking and expressions of joy and gladness all around. Hundreds visited the Rebel prisoners in jail. The last duty our cavalry performed was to escort the Rebel prisoners to the train and deliver them to the proper authorities. Our troops were disbanded and peace and quiet reigned once more in Shelbyville."

Public ofiiiwii in iS6j and 1864 - During the spring of 1863 there was another paper started in Shelbyville, advocating the principles of the Republican party. At the state election in the fall of 1862, the Democrats were successful in many of the northern states. This fact, alone, gave renewed impulse to the campaigns of 1863. The Republicans construed the result adversely to their conduct of the war, and on the testimony of no less authority than General Grant, they were determined to make a better showing on the field of battle. In Shelby County there was but little if any abatement in the tension of public opinion. During the summers of 1863 and 1864 mass meetings were held in all portions of the county at which the leading speakers made addresses, and resolutions covering the yarious phases of the public questions were discussed and adopted. As the Administration adopted the emancipation theory the Democrats became more hostile toward its methods of conducting the war. They were in for preserving " the Union as it was " and were opposed to the abolition of slavery. They did not want to disturb the " domestic relations " of any of the States. But it was impossible to fight out the war on any other grounds. Slavery had been the prime cause of the conflict and it was an element that was doomed to overthrow if the Union of the States was to be preserved with stability. There was no mean ground to be occupied between the Union without slavery and disunion. Fortunately the sentiment of Union without slavery, prevailed.

Soldiers at home on furlough, wearing their uniforms, were the universal object of attention. It was not infrequent that the}' overstepped the bounds of reason and dut}' in maintaining their principles. The}- often became insolent and intolerant, and imagined that their coats of blue were sufficient excuses for whatever excesses they saw fit to indulge. Collisions between the soldiers and citizens were of common occurrence all over the north. In this county they were not an exception. It is probable that few portions of the north were more deeply agitated than Shelby County. By some it has been alleged that there were several lodges of the Knights of the Golden Circle in the county, and it is probable that the allegations are true. The Union Banner charged it openly at the time, and it called attention to the times and places of meetings. Party strife ran high, and there were frequent physical encounters between the contendincr sides.

Notwithstanding all this, the volunteering went on with commendable zeal, and the number of men furnished by the County for the war shows well for a community in which there was so much active opposition to the methods of carrying on the struggle.

The Third Battery Light Artillery contanied several men from this county of whom Leonidas Thrasher was commissioned Second Lieutenant, August 15, 1861.

TJie Lidiana Legion was an extensive organization throughout the State for the purpose of home defense in case of need. It served another purpose, however, that proved more useful than as Home Guards. It was the medium through which many good soldiers were brought into the service, that perhaps, would not otherwise so readily have entered the active service of the United States. The drilling, too, was useful in preparing men to a considerable extent for the evolutions that were required in actual war. In other words it was a training school where men learned the rudiments of knowledge in war that so soon enabled them to perform in the face of the enemy like trained veterans. Shelby County had seven of these companies in the Legion and the roster of the othcers reveals the names of many who led companies to the field of battle.

Bounty and Relief. - In order to stimulate volunteering, the Unitfed States Government authorized the payment of bounties early in the war to those who should enlist for the term of three years. In the first year of the war this amount was fixed at $ioo. Orders from tlie war department at \'arious times authorized the payment of additional sums ranging as high as $400, according to the nature and term of service. The inequalities of bounties created great dissatisfaction, but it was claimed by the authorities that the exigencies of the times demanded it and could not be avoided. An additional inducement was offered in the w^ay of a land-warrant for forty acres of public land to each soldier receiving an honorable discharge. This, taken with the amount of the bounty, which was considered about the value of a mule, brought about that that famous and popular phrase, " forty acres and a mule," and doubtless had much to do with the successful volunteering' which characterized the war. Besides the national bounties, large and often extravagant sums were paid by many of the counties. These had the effect to lii^'hten the drafts, but at the same time increased the taxes. The latter, however, cut but little figure in the question. People would not put a price on the Union, and no matter what was required to preserve it, that re(|uirement was always met. In Shelby County this spirit was fully maintained and the Board of Commissioners at different times met the popular demand by offering bounties. These ranged all the way up to ^500, and were offered under the various calls of the President for troops.

Another important item came under the head of Relief. This included whatever sums were paid to support the families of those who had enlisted and were absent in the field of battle, and also the supplies forwarded to the soldiers themselves. A few months' experience showed how much the Government lacked of being prepared for supplying an army with the necessary comforts required by a soldier. Immediately after the opening of the war there was a Soldiers' Aid Society formed in Shelbyville bv the leading ladies of the town. The work which those noble-hearted women did went far toward relieving the wants of the soldiers. Scarcely a week passed without a shipment to the front of mittens, socks, blankets and such other articles as a soldier would likely need to withstand the extremities of the seasons. These contributions were purely personal and the women of the whole county were requested to bring in whatever could be properly spared. In this way many dollars were spent in the soldiers' behalf which are not included in the following amount of Bounty and Relief paid by the county and townships:

These calls aggregate more than 2,300,000 men and give some idea of the magnitude of the Civil War in the United States. It will be interesting to know what part of this immense army was furnished by Shelby County. The first enrollment of the militia in Indiana after the commencement of the war was made September

19, 1862. The total militia force of the county was 3,285, of which 425 were exempt from bearing arms, leaving 2,860 subject to draft. The county was at that date credited with having furnished 1,238 volunteers, 973 of which were then in the service. It was under this enrollment that the first draft in Indiana occurred October 6, 1862, to supplv the number required by the call of August 4th. The quota of Shelby County under that draft was 141 men, apportioned among these townships: Jackson, 20; Noble, 32; Liberty, 28;

Hendricks, 22; Union, 19; Moral, 20. The draft officers were Martin M. Ra}', Commissioner; Isaac Odell, Marshal, and John Y. Kennedy, Surgeon.

The call of October 17, 1863, demanded of Shelby Countv 254 men, which nmiiber was furnished without resorting to a draft. Under the calls of Februar}^ ist, March 15th, and July i8th, 1864, the total quotas for the county, was 1,217 men, to offset which it was credited with 1,009 '^^'^^' recruits, 108 veterans and 182 by draft, making 1,299, or seventy-two more than were required. The President's last call for troops, December 19, 1864, asked Shelby County for 321 men. Against this number the county was credited with 259 new recruits, forty-nine veterans and twenty-one by draft, making in all 329. This was the condition of the account with Shelby County, on the 14th of April, 1865, at which time all efforts to raise troops were abandoned. It shows a balance in favor of the county. The draft under this last call was made upon the basis of the third enrollment of the State, or second under the Enrollment Act of Congress. That enrollment showed Shelby County to have had a militia force of 2,369. These figures show that the count}- furnished 3,261 men for the war, or within twentyfour of the number first reported as its total militia force. This need not imply that there were that number of separate men from this county in the war, for there were not. A considerable number of the men enlisted twice, and some three times, and the}- were counted for each enhstment. It is probable that 400 will include the number of those who were thus recounted. Thus it will be seen that Shelby County alone furnished enough men to make more than three full regnnents, a considerable army in itself.

The following is a roll of honor, as taken from the Adjutant GeneraFs Report for the State, and as that work contains many errors, it can hardly be hoped that this roll is free from mistakes. The list given comprises only the privates who died either from wounds or otherwise before receiving a final discharge. It doubtless contains many errors and omissions, but is the best that can be obtained at this time:

Company JT, Sixteenth Regiment. ( One Tear. ) Cadmill, Robert T., died at Camp Seneca, November 5, 1861. Potter, WilHam, died at Aldie, Va., March 22, 1862. Strange, George, died at Warrenton Junction, May 2, 1862.

Burlington, Benjamin B., died at Helena, Ark., August, 1862, Crigler, Joshua, killed at Magnolia Hills, May i, 1863. Hank, John, killed at Magnolia Hills, May i, 1863. Hays, Timothv, veteran, died March 19, 1864. Hull, Daniel, died at Georgetown, Mo., September, 1861. Israel, George, killed at Magnolia Hills, May i, 1863. Littlejohn, William F., killed at Magnolia Hills, May i, 1863. McLaughlin, John A., killed at Vicksburg, May 23, 1863. Miller, James T., killed at Vicksburg, May 22, 1863. McCee, Wilham, died at St. Louis, November, 1862. Mann, James M., died at Black River, Miss., May 18, 1863. Morris, Carloo, died at Indianola, Texas, November, 1864. Osburn, Wallace, died in Missouri, 1862. Wilhelm, Benj. F. died at Booneville, Mo., September, 1861. Young, Homer, died at Helena, Ark., 1862.

September 7, 1864. Gaines, Wm. H., died near Terrehutte, September 26, 1864. Hyatt, Milton, died at New Orleans, October 25, 1864. Pope, James, died at New Orleans, September 11, 1864. Woodard, John, died at New Orleans, September 2, 1864.

1861. Campbell, James, killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864. Coalscott, Benj. F., died at Columbia, Tenn., March 7, 1863. Divert, Jefferson T., died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 11,

1862. Erwin, John, died at Chattanooga, Tenn., November 8, 1864. Gillard, Jmaes, died at Spring Hill, Tenn., of wounds, March 7, 1863. Husted, James, died of wounds, July 20, 1864. Hynes, Milton, died at Nashville, Tenn., April 27, 1863.

Military History, 353

Kennedy, Samuel, died at Crab Orchard, February 14, 1862. Messick, Henry, died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 19, 1861. McConnell, James, died at Crab Orchard, Kv., December 7, 1861. McConnell, Louis B., died at Sidney Pass, October 31, 1862. McQueen, Benj. F., died at Spring Hill, Tenn., March 7, 1S63, wounds. McFerran, Lewis, killed at Wild Cat, Ky., October 21, 1861. Phillips, Emanuel, died at Crab Orchard, Kv., December 10, 1861. Phillips, Memory, died of wounds, Columbia, Tenn, March 7, 1863. Robertson, Wm., died at Crab Orchard, Ky.^ November 27, 1862, Warble, Jacob, died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 4, 1861. Willis (Wills), Andrew C, died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December

12, 1861. Williams, Franklin, died at Kingston, Ga., June 22, 1864. Mitchell, Hiram, died at Nashville, July 15, 1864, wounds. Winterro\vd, Anderson, killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July

Gatewood. John M., died at Nashville, March 29, 1862. Gatewood, Robert, died at Nashville, January 28, 1863. Kendall, Ethan A., killed at Day's Gap, April 30, 1863. Lock, Levi, died at Woodsonville, K3^, March 21, 1862. Miller, Fielding J., died at Bardstown, Ky., January 4, 1862. McConnell. John E., died at Nicholasville, Ky., March 27, 1862. Palmer, James, died at Bardstown, January 5, 1S62. Parker, Washington, died at Day's Gap, May 3, 1863. Raines, Robert, died at Camp Morton, Ky., January 11, 1862. Shvlock, John, died at IndianapoHs, December 29, 1S61.

Aldridge, James, killed at Stone River, December 31, 1862. Burr, Lewis R., died at Louisville, January 7^ 1862. Creviston, Aaron, died at Nashville, March 26, 1862. Chambers, James, died at New Orleans, July 14, 1865. ElHngton, Albert, died at Bardstown, December 28, 1861. German, Charles E., died at Bardstown, December 29, 1861. Holden, Charles, died at Stanford, Kv., February i, 1862.

Adams, George W., died at Bo\yling Green, September 30, 1862. Adams, John H., died at Layergne, Tenn., June 20, 1863. Aydelott, Joseph W., died at Scottsyille, Ky., November 27, 1862. Gordon, Zacheus, died at BowHng Green, November 27, 1862. Gibbons, John W., died at Scottsyille, December 2, 1862. Hawkins, Alex. S., killed at Resacca, Ga., May 15, 1864. Lazar, Charles, died at Nashville, November 19, 1863. Miller, John W., died at Sandersville, Tenn., February 7, 1863. Miller, Thomas B, died at home, August 11, 1862. Miller, Robert H., died at Chattanooga, July 22, 1864, wounds. McMillen, Abraham, died at Sanders\-ille, February 22, 1863. McFall, James H., died at Bowling Green, November 7, 1862. Maholm, George H., killed by railroad accident, November 6, 1864. Newton, John II., died near Atlanta of wounds, August 12, 1864. Price, George A., died at Chattanooga, August 29, 1864. Powell, Elijah, died at Chattanooga, May 24, 1864. Rogers, Achilles, died of wounds, July 14, 1864. Story, William, died at Bow^ling Green, August 30, 1862. Scotield, David F., died at Scottsyille, Ky., December 17, 1862. Stoddard, Marshall, died at Scottsyille, K}'., November 19, 1862. Smith, Adelman, died at Indianapolis, August 7, 1862. Tanner, Robert, died at Gallatin, Tenn., May 7, 1863. Wheeler, Jeremiah, died at Gallatin, Tenn., December 23, 1862.- Walton, John B., died at Gallatin, Tenn., December 15, 1862. Clark, James, died at Lookout Mountain, February 2, 1865. Frank, Chas. W., killed at Resacca, Ma}- 14, 1864. Goodrich, Louis, killed at Peach Tree Creek, July 20, 1864. Stubbs, Jesse, died at Jeffersonville, Ind., September 4, 1864.

Andrews, John W., killed at Resacca, May 15, 1864. Arthur, James M., died at Murfreeboro,July 15, 1863. Bassett, Samuel, killed at Peach Tree Creek, July 20, 1S64. Cox, John, killed at Dallas, Ga., May 25, 1864.

Collins, Leander M., died at Murfreeboro, August lo, 1S63, Hulsopple, William, died at Murfreeboro, August i, 1863. riulsopple, Andrew J., died at Bowling Green, November i, 1862. Howerv, Charles, died at Saundersville, Januar}' 28, 1863. Howard, Watson C, killed at Peach Tree Creek, July 20, 1864. Hacker, William A., killed at Kenesaw Mount, June 14, 1862. Joyce, Thomas S.. died at Bowling Green, November 16, 1862. Nichols, Jasper, died at Gallatin, Tenn., Feburary 22, 1863. Odell, Jeremiah, killed at Kenesaw, June 15, 1864. Rouse, WilHam T., killed at Dallas, Ga., May 27, 1864. »

Rouse, Phillip, died at Bowling Green, November 16, 1862. Ross, Thomas, killed at Resacca, May 15, 1864. Stewart, James, died at Bowling Green, October 21, 1862. Speagle, George S., died at Sandersville, December 19, 1862. Stoddard, Marshall, died at Scottsville, Ky., November 26, 1862. Vanlew, John F., died at Sandersville, Tenn., January 15, 1863. Alexander, Thomas, died at Bowling Green, November i, 1862. Bradv, John, died at Gallatin, Tenn., April 25, 1863. Griffith, Luke, died at Bowling Green, October 15, 1862. Holdrom, Thomas J., killed at Resacca, May 14, 1864. Miller, Philip, died at Madison, February 20, 1864.

Cherv, James, died in Andersonville, September 5, 1864. Peterson, William, died at Union City, Tenn., January 22, 1864. Phillippe, John W., died at Memphis, May 28, 1865. Robinson, Lewis, died at Andersonville. St. John, Albert, died February 22, 1864, w^ounds.

1S64. Colcaizer, Philip, died at Pulaski, Tenn., August 17, 1864. Delano, Geo. W., lost on Sultana, x\pril 27, 1865. Goius, Milton, died at St. Louis, June 16, 1865. Hill, Lorenzo D., died September 22, 1864. Houton, Cassander T., killed at Sulphur Trestle, September 25,

1864. Huls, Marion, died April 4, 1865. Hulsopple, John, died at Pulaski, September 8, 1864. Jenkins, John, died at Nashville, of wounds received September

Anderson, John B., died at Louisville, October 29, 1864. Dodd, John M., died at Chattanooga, September 9, 1864. King, Thomas B., died at Murfreesboro, December 26, 1864.

Military History. 3C7

Badger, Milton J., died at Columbia, Tenn., August 15, 1865. Newton, Thomas G., died at Indianapolis, March 3, 1865. Pearson, John J., died at Nashville, March 25, 1863. Roe, James M., died at Pulaski, May 12, 1865. Robertson, Samuel, died at Nashville, June 27, 1865.

Crouch, George, died at Columbia. Tenn., April 12, 1S65. Keith, WilHam G., died at Nashville, March 22, 1865. Mosman, John C, died at Nashville, May 5, 1865.

Kenedy, Albert, died at Nashville, February 10, 1863. Kenedy, Nathaniel, died at Nashville, April 15, 1863. Pope, Charles L., died at Nashville, May 3, 1863.

Grand Army oj the Republic. - Nothing could be more natural than for those who had spent months and years together following the fortunes of w^ar, to form a society somewhat exclusive in its character. It was natural for them to exclude all who had not shared the hardships of the camp nor been a soldier in fact. Such a societ}' is the Grand Arm}- of the Republic, one that per\'*ades every part of the Republic where those who fought the battles of the Union are to be found. It is to-day c^ie of the most extensive organizations in the coimtry. In Shelby County there are four lodges or posts of this order. They are: George Haney Post, at Morristown; Andrew Winterrowd Post, at Flatrock; Meredith Post, at Mt. Auburn; Dumont Post No. 18, at Shelbyville. The total membership in the county is about 300, of which 180 are at Shelbyville and vicinity. The organization is composed of Union soldiers, and an honorable discharge is necessar}- for membership.