Wayne County, Indiana - Biographical sketches (11 of 15 so headed), 1884

Biographical sketches

Mahlon Arnett, youngest son of Willis and Elizabeth (Mendenhall) Arnett, was born Aug. 30, 1833, in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind. He resided with his father till he was nineteen years of age, after which he engaged in farming in his native township until 1858. He then purchased a saw-mill, in what is now Webster Township, which he operated for three years, when he removed to Ohio and followed farming for a time, after which he dealt in beef and poultry. In the spring of 1861 he returned to the old homestead, where he resided till 1868. He then carried on the grocery business in Richmond for two years, after which he again engaged in farming on the homestead till 1880. He again embarked in the grocery trade at Richmond, which he followed one year. He then opened a store in Fountain City, where he has since carried on the business. Feb. 19, 1854, he was married to Elizabeth Talbot, of Preble County, Ohio, by whom he had six children - Ella, Della, Minnie, Charles, Willis (deceased) and Luther. Mrs. Arnett died Dec. 6, 1883.

Willis Arnett, deceased, is a native of North Carolina, and was married in his native State to Elizabeth Mendenhall, a daughter of Jonathan Mendenhall, who was one of the first settlers of Wayne County. In the fall of 1829 our subject came to Wayne County, Ind., and followed agricultural pursuits in New Garden Township, till his death. Mrs. Arnett died in 1868. To this union were born seven children, only three still living. About a year and a half after his wife's death Mr. Arnett was married to Nancy (Scott) Hockett, widow of Nathan Hockett. Mr. Arnett's death occurred in September, 1868. He was a member of the society of Friends.

John Barnes, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Wayne Township, Wayne Oo., Ind., Feb. 13, 1849, the youngest son of Shapleigh F. and Elleanor (McConnaha) Barnes. He was reared on a farm about three and a half miles southwest of Richmond, receiving his education in the common schools. In 1869 his father moved to New Garden Township, where he died in1877. John remained at home assisting his father, and at the latter's death took charge of the farm, which he now owns. He has one of the best farms in the township, consisting of 144 acres of well-improved land. March 22, 1883, he was married to Julia A. Bond, daughter of Thomas Bond, of Webster Township. She is a member of the Society of Friends. Politically Mr. Barnes votes the Republican ticket.

Samuel F. Barnes was born in Centre Township, Wayne Co., Ind., Jan. 13, 1845, the second son of Shapleigh and Elleanor (McConnaha) Barnes. Our subject was reared and educated in Wayne Township, this county, where his parents removed when he was about four years ofage. Aug. 12, 1869, he was married to Ann Elizabeth, eldest daughter of John M. and Nancy J. (King) Maxwell, who were among the pioneer families of Wayne County. To them have been born two children - KEstella and King M. After his marriage Mr. Barnes resided two and a half years on a farm in Wayne Township, after which he removed to Centre Township. In 1875 he settled in Webster Township, and in the fall of 1883 he settled on his present farm, which contains 100 acres of excellent land. Mr. Barnes and wife are active members of the Society of Friends.

Shapleigh Barnes, deceased, was born in Fairfield County, Va., April 20, 1800, a son of James and Mary Barnes, and of French descent. He was married in 1828, to Elleanor MeConnaha, who was born in Loudoun County, Va., Nov. 8, 1807, a daughter of Samuel and Nancy (Bathon) McConnaha. In the fall of 1828 he moved to Wayne County, Ind., and settled near Centreville, where he worked at the carpenter's trade some years, and then turned his attention to farming. In 1850 he moved to a farm four miles southwest of Richmond ; afterward he moved to New Garden Township, where his wife died Oct. 18, 1873, and he, Dee. 7, 1877. They hada family of twelve children, nine of whom are living, all but two in Wayne County. Two died in early childhood, and one in infancy. Mrs. Barnes was a member of the Baptist church.

John Benson, deceased, was born in Greene County, Ohio, Feb. 6, 1809, a son of James and Elizabeth (Clark) Benson, natives of South Carolina, of English descent. He was married in 1828 to Jane Hunt,a native of Randolph County, Ind. To them were born six children; but four are living - Abram, Clark, Rebecea and Elizabeth. Washington and Sarah Jane are deceased. In 1831 they moved to Randolph County, Ind., where he was engaged in farming till 1864. Mrs. Benson died in 1850. Dec. 21, 1854, Mr. Benson married Gulielma, daughter of Jonathan and Gulielma (Hutchins) Hugh. In 1864 they moved to Wayne County and located in New Garden Township, on the farm where Mrs. Benson now resides, and where he died Aug. 9,1879. To his second marriage were born three children - Thomas E., Jennie and Albert. Mr. Benson was, as are also his family, a member of the Society of Friends.

Alonzo R. Boren, eldest son of T. E. and Louisa (Thomas) Boren, was born in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind., July 7, 1855. He received his education in the common schools. His youth was spent in assisting his father on the farm and in dealing in stuck. He was married Dec. 24, 1878, to Laura, daughter of William and Eliza (Jeffery) Shook. Two children have been born to them- - -Clarence E. and Bertha (deceased). After his marriage he resided two years on a farm near his birthplace, when he removed to his present farm on section 19, which contains fifty acres of well-cultivated land. In politics Mr. Boren affiliates with the Democratic party. Mrs. Boren is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

of T. E. and Louisa (Thomas) Boren. His education was received in the common schools. He early in life began to assist his father, and on reaching his majority engaged in business with him. He was married Dec. 27, 1881, to Lillie Bowen, a daughter of James and Marietta Bowen, of Randolph County, Ind. They have had two children (twins) - Blanche May and Harry M. The latter died at the age of three months and seventeen days.

T. E. Boren, farmer and stock-dealer, is one of the most prominent as well as most successful men of New Garden Township. His father, Jehu Boren, was a native of North Carolina, born June 16, 1804, and married Nancy Meredith, a native of the same State, born Nov. 2, 1803. She was a sister of the late General Solomon Meredith. In 1825 or 1826 they came in a one-horse wagon to Wayne County, having when reaching their destination 624 cents, with an indebtedness of $3.50. The first seven years they lived on rented land on West River, but by economy and good management saved enough to buy 100 acres on section 8, New Garden Township, at that time mostly unimproved. He cleared and cultivated his farm, and subsequently dealt quite extensively in stock. Mrs. Boren died in 1865 and Mr. Boren in 1873. Four of their five children lived till maturity, but T. E. Boren, the youngest, is the only one now living. He was born in New Garden Township, Jan. 4, 1833. He received but a limited education, but assisted his father on the farm, and thereby gained a practical knowledge of farming and stock-raising, an avocation he has been successfully engaged in for several years. He now has a farm of 430 acres of fine land. In 1881 he handled stock to the value of $34,597; in 1882, $31,368; in 1883, $57,526. No man in the county is more enterprising and public spirited than he. His résidence is one of the best, as well as most pleasantly situated in the county. His farm buildings are comfortable and everything about his home betokens thrift and enterprise. Hospitable and generous, friends and strangers alike are welcome in their home by both Mr. and Mrs. Boren. They have six children - Alonzo R., Solomon M., Robert B., William Mc., Loretta E. and John H.

` Daniel Charles was born Oct. 8, 1799, in Randolph County, N.O., the third son of Samuel and Gulielma (Saint) Charles, natives of North Carolina, born respectively June 5, 1759, and Oct. 11, 1761. Samuel Charles came to Wayne County, Ind., in the spring of 1812, when it was nothing but a wilderness, and settled on a tract of land one mile east of Richmond, which he cleared and cultivated. He followed farming through life, and died at the advanced age of ninety years. His wife died at the age of eighty-eight years. They and their ten children were members of the Society of Friends, Samuel Charles being an Elder. Our subject, Daniel Charles, came with his parents to Wayne County at the age of twelve years, and remained at home till he grew to manhood. He was educated in log cabin school houses with greased paper for windows, where the whip was used as an educator to compel all to spell and read audibly while learning their lessons. He was married March 9, 1820, to Miriam, daughter of Thomas and Abigail (Abeson) Moore, natives of North Carolina. The former lived to the advanced age of ninety-three, and the latter to the age of sixty-five. Daniel Charles and wife were the parents of ten children, only six now living. After his marriage Mr. Charles settled on a tract of uncultivated land where he made a farm and remained there till 1882, when he removed to Fountain. His wife died in 1866, and in 1867 he was married to Catharine Huff Shugart, who is still living, aged seventy-two. The first lots in Richmond were laid off in 1816, and settled mostly by Friends. The colored people erected little cottages in what is now the south part of Richmond, which at that time was called South Africa. The fugitive slaves found the settlement, but the slaveholders also found it out, and if they could not find their slaves they would knock down some free negroes and run them off toward Kentucky. This caused the Friends so much trouble in running after them and bringing back those who were free that they formed the first antislavery society in this country, and persuaded the colored people to go to Canada. Some of them having married slaves, quite a number consented to go, and his brother, John Charles, and Frederick Hoover went with them through a wilderness country. This happened between 1820 and 1830. These two young men kept a record of the journey, but it is supposed to be lost. Some anti-slavery men belonging to other churches and some who did not belong to any church were actively engaged in rescuing free men when taken, and in this none were more active than Rev. David Pervines, of the Christian, or New Light, Church.

Joshua B. Chenoworth, ninth son of William and Kitturah (Murray) Chenoworth, natives of Maryland, was born in Randolph County, Ind., Dec. 5, 1842. He was reared on his father's farm, and educated in the schools of his native county. Oct. 12, 1864, he enlisted in the late war in Company G, Thirty-eighth Indiana Infantry, and was honorably discharged at the close of the Rebellion. He participated in several skirmishes, and in the battle of Nashville, Tenn.; joined Sherman's command at Goldsborough, N. C. After the surrender of Johnson at Greensborough marched back to Washington City. After the war he followed agricultural pursuits in Randolph County till his removal to Wayne County where he engaged in farming abont seven years. He then returned to Randolph Connty, residing there one year, and in the spring of 1875 he settled on his present farm, which contains 176 acres of well-cultivated land. He has on his farm a fine residence and commodious stables and out buildings. He was married Nov. 16, 1865, to Martha J., daughter of Josiah and Rachel Haisly. They are the parents of five children - Florence V., Iona G., Eva C., Jessie E. and Georgia. Our subject's mother was of English descent, daughter of John Murray, and his father was of Scotch descent, a son of William Chenoworth. They had a family of thirteen children, Joshua B. being the tenth child. His father died in Randolph County, Ind., in 1877, aged seventy-four years. Our subject's mother is now a resident of Ohio.

William A. Clements, of the firm of Clements Bros. & Co., merchants, was born in Randolph County, Ind., July 1, 1858, the eldest son of Anthony and Matilda (Horn) Clements. He received a common-school education, residing on the home farm till he was twenty years of age. He thenclerked one year in the dry-goods store of J. O. Rodgers, when he became a junior partner in the dry-goods store of Bowen & Horn. At the end of a year he purchased a half interest in the same store, and carried on the business at that place till July, 1883, when he purchased his present stock in Fountain City. April 3, 1880, he married Ellen, daughter of A. D. Jeffries, of Wayne County. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically, Mr. Clements is a Republican. His grandparents, Isaac and Elizabeth (Brandonburg) Clements, were natives of Ohio, of Irish descent and Pennsylvania, of German descent, respectively. Isaac Clements was one of the earliest settlers of Wayne County, Ind., residing there till his death. His wife died at the residence of her son Anthony, in Randolph County, Ind.

Elijah Coate was born in Miami County, Ohio, July 20, 1812, a son of John and Esther (Feague) Coate, natives of South Carolina, who moved to Ohio in the fall of 1804, and settled in Miami County. He was married June 26, 1832, to Rebecca, daughter of Benjamin and Susannah (Jay) Coppock. Her parents removed from South Carolina to Miami County, Ohio, in an early day on account of their abhorrence for the system of slavery, as did also the parents of Mr. Coate. Mr. and Mrs. Coate's parents were members of the Society of Friends, and they were married in union meeting according to the custom of the society. To them have been born nine children, but five of whom are living - Esther, wife of D. Welleman, and Mary, wife of Horatio Pearson, of Miami County, Ohio; Susan, wife of Dr. J. T. Miles, of Bryant, Jay Co., Ind.; Lindley M., of Fountain City, and John M., of Richmond. In 1842 or 1843 a separation took place in the Indiana Yearly Meeting of Friends, caused by differences of opinion on the slavery question. Those withdrawing were called Anti-slavery Friends, and to this body Mr. and Mrs. Coate adhered,but subsequently joined the Wesleyan Methodist church, and soon after Mr. Coate was ordained an Elder. From that time he was in the itinerancy twenty-five years. Two years of the time he spent with his family in McNairy County, W. Tenn., as a missionary of the Indiana Conference of the Wesleyan Methodist Church,and one year with his wife in the same work in Guilford and adjoining counties in North Carolina. He is now superannuated and living at his home in Wayne County, and his ministerial labors are limited to his own locality. He is called one of the old anti-slavery wheel horses; was an active worker on the underground railroad. He is a radical temperance worker, and an earnest advocate of an amendment to the State Constitution prohibiting the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors as a beverage. He is also an advocate of the woman suffrage movement.

Melvin Coggeshell, farmer and/stock-raiser, was born Dec. 18, 1844, in Green Township, Wayne Co., Ind., the third son of Job and Juda Julia Coggeshell. He was reared to manhood on the home farm and educated at the common schools. On attaining his majority he went to Illinois, and spent thirteen months in farming. He then returned to Wayne County, Ind., and worked with his brother for two years. He was married Dec. 31, 1868, to Sarah, daughter of Thomas Jessop, one of the pioneers of Green Township. They have three daughters - Olive, Oceola and Emma. Since his marriage he has lived on the place where he now resides. His farm contains 129 acres of excellent land in a high state of cultivation. He has a fine residence on his farm, and commodious out-buildings. Mr. Coggeshell is a Democrat in politics. His wife belongs to the Society of Friends.

James Conner was born in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind., Feb. 29, 1824, the youngest of nine children of Lewis and Margaret (McClerand) Conner, his father a native of South Carolina, of Irish descent, and his mother a native of Scotland, came to America with her parents when sixteen years of age. His parents were married in South Carolina about L780, and in 1822 moved to Wayne County, Ind., and settled in-New Garden Township. In 1832 they moved to Grant County and located near Marion, where the mother died in 1835, and the father in 1871. Of their nine children seven were born in South Carolina, and two in Wayne County, Ind. James Conner remained with his parents till twenty years of age, when, May 8, 1844, he was married and settled in Fountain City, where he worked at the carpenter's trade four years. In 1850 he moved to Richmond, and worked asa pattern-maker till the breaking out of the Rebellion. He enlisted in Company D, Eighth Indiana Infantry, and was commissioned its Second Lieutenant; was subsequently promoted to First Lieutenant. At the expiration of his term of service he returned home, and almost immediately recruited a company of 120 men. The citizens of Wayne County donated 124 horses, and they were assigned to the Forty-tirat Regiment, or Second Indiana Cavalry, as Company O, and Mr. Conner was commissioned its Captain. They participated in the battles of Pittsburg Landing, Corinth (where he was promoted to Major of the regiment), and many hard skirmishes. In 1862, on account of failing health, he resigned and returned home, but in the spring of 1863 enlisted as a private in the One Hundred and First Indiana, and engaged in the battles at Milton, Tenn., Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga. At the latter battle he was wounded in the right arm and disabled for a time. He was detailed to the recruiting service and returned to Indiana, and raised Company B, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Infantry. He was appointed Captain of the company, and with it went with Sherman through the battles of Atlanta, Dalton, Resaca, Altoona, Lookout Mountain, and Peach Tree Creek. At Atlanta he received an injury from which he has never recovered. After a war record of four years he was discharged, and returned to Richmond, Ind., and went to work at his trade, remaining there till 1877, when he moved to Fountain City. Mr: Conner has been a member of the Board of Town Trustees two years, and is now its President. He is also a member of the Board of Education. He isan enthusiastic worker for the cause of temperance. He was married in 1844, to Jennie, daughter of Michael Keever, who died in 1874, leaving six children - Louisa, Albert C., Thompson M., Theodore M., J. Charles F., and Henrietta. In 1877 Mr. Conner married Mrs. Emeline Scarce, daughter of John S. and Mary Hunt. Mrs. Conner is a member of the Society of Friends.

Harvey Davis, the oldest citizen of Fountain City and one of the earliest settlers of New Garden Township, was born in Pasquotank County, N. C., Nov. 15, 1806, a son of Devotion and Mary (Green) Davis, natives of North Carolina, of Welsh descent. His parents died when he was a child, and he went to live with an uncle, who also died a year later. He remained with his uncle's family and in May, 1824, came with his cousins to Wayne County, Ind., and located in Fountain City. That same year he began learning the cabinet-maker's trade with Solomon Thomas, and served an apprenticeship of two and a half years. He remained in the same shop working as a journeyman two years, and then bought the business of his employer, and for the past sixty years has been in business on the same spot, having in the meantime had three different buildings on the lot. He is probably the oldest cabinetmaker and undertaker in the State of Indiana. Feb. 24,1830. he was married to Eunice, daughter of Nehemiah and Eunice Hayre, of Ross County, Ohio. Of their six children three are living - Mary J., William and Susan. Elizabeth, Rebecca A. and an infant are deceased. His wife died and he subsequently married Mrs. Sarah (Prichard) Hendricks. They have had six children - Sarah, Julia, Morton, Eliza, Lucy C., and George A., the two latter deceased. Mr.and Mrs. Davis are members of the Methodist church. He is also an ardent worker in the temperance cause. l Robert Dwiggins, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind., Aug. 31, 1823, the third son of Joseph and Rebecca (Leverton) Dwiggins. His father died when he was three years old, and hbis early life was spent in hard work on a frontier farm. He was educated in the log-cabin subscription schools, and lived with his mother till he grew to manhood, He was first married to Rachel Seaman, a native of Ohio, by whom he had three children - Joseph, who died in the late war; Caroline and Ozro. After his marriage Mr. Dwiggins bought a farm of 100 acres in New Garden Township, where he resided about eighteen years when he sold it and purchased a farm in Webster Township. He soon sold the latter farm, and purchased the one where he still resides, and which contains 141 acres ot highly cultivated land. Mrs. Dwiggins died in 1871, and in 1875 Mr. Dwiggins was again married to Mrs. Caroline (Lister) Morman. He and his wife are members of the

Samuel Dwiggins, youngest son of Joseph and Rebecca (Leverton) Dwiggins, was born Aug. 7, 1825, in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind. His father died when he was an infant, and he resided with his mother until he was eighteen years old. He was married in 1846 to Marena Baldwin, of Wayne County, Ind. Four children were born to them; three survive - Thomas B., Rebecca J., Joseph F., Luzena, deceased. Mrs. Dwiggins died in 1855, and in 1856 Mr. Dwiggins married Sarah A. Davis, a native of Wayne County, Ind., by whom he had one child - Robert B. His wite died in 1859, and in 1861 he married his present wife, whose maiden name was Emaline Unthank, a native of Wayne County, Ind. To this union has been born six children - Cora P., Elmer P., Ancil G., Anna L., Frank M.and Lurena. Mr. Dwiggius bought a farm in what is now Webster Township, which he subsequently sold, and purchased one a mile and a half north of Fountain City. In connection with his farming he has been engaged in the hardware business, making a specialty of agriculturalimplements. He is a Republican in politics. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church in Fountain City.

Charles F. Edgerton, merchant, Fountain City, Ind., was born in Franklin Township, Wayne Co., Ind., Aug. 27, 1860, ason of Nathan and Ruth A. rears Edgertón. He was reared on a farm, remaining with his parents till nineteen years of age. He then went to Arba, Randolph County, and was employed as clerk in a general mercantile store two years. He then returned to Wayne County, and was employed by Hill & Woody, of Fountain City, one year. The next year he traveled for a Cincinnati firm, and in January, 1884, commenced business for himself in Fountain City, where he now has a constantly increasing trade. Nov. 29, 1882, he was married to Eva Pearson, daughter of Thomas and Lavinia (Harris) Pearson, of Fountain City.

William E. Elliott was born Oct. 22, 1829, in Preble County, Ohio, a son of Miles and Fanny (Newbern) Elliott, who were natives of Chowan County, N.C. They came to

Preble County, Ohio, in 1829, where our subject was reared on a farm, and educated in the common schools. He was married in September, 1852, to Ruth Hill, a native of Randolph County, Ind., and daughter of Aaron and Piety (Arnold) Hill, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of North Carolina. Their children are - Emmy C., Minerva J., Piety and Fanny. Mr. Elliott has followed agricultural pursuits through life, and has met with much success. After his marriage he purchased a farm in Randolph County, Ind., in which county he resided twenty years. He then sold out, and purchased the farm of ninety acres in New Garden Township, near Fountain City, where he still resides. Politically he is a Republican, and he and family belong to the Society of Friends.

Joseph Finney was born in West Milton, Miami Co., Ohio, Dee. 11, 1815, a son of Robert and Hannah (Hickman) Finney, natives of Grayson County, N. C., his father of English and his mother of English and Irish descent. Robert Finney served in the war of 1812, on the frontier of Indiana Territory, being at that time a resident of Kentucky. In 1814 he moved to Miami County, Ohio, and there reared a family of four daughters and two sons, our subject being next to the youngest. He and his wife both died in Miami County. Our subject was reared in his native town. He had but limited educational advantages, attending school but two or three months in the year, but being ambitious, he fitted himself for a teacher, an occupation he followed fifteen years. He also assisted the merchants of Milton in keeping their bouks and making collections. In 1854 he removed to Miami County, Ind., to a farm he had previously bought, and lived there twelve years. He then moved to Wayne County, and lived in Wayne Township eight years, when he bought his present farm in New Garden Township. He is wholly a self-made man. In his early life he was obliged to assist in the support of the family, and has since then been obliged to rely on his own resources. He was married Noy. 1, 1855, to Margaret Ann, daughter of James and Margaret Reed, of Miami County, Ind. She died April 18, 1863, leaving three children - Gen- eva, who died June 10, 1879, aged twenty-two years, nine months, and twenty-two days; Eldridge and Almeda. Aug. 26, 1869, Mr. Finney married Elizabeth, daughter of Isaiah Pemberton, of Miami County, Ohio. They have one child -

H. A. Fox, son of George and Lydia (Mendenhall) Fox, natives of Miami County, Ohio, was born Oct. 28, 1848, in Miami County. He received a common-school education, and remained at home till 1878, helping his father in his flouring mill and on the farm. He was married Nov. 6, 1872, to Anna A. Tullis, a native of Darke County, Ohio. Their family consists of two children - Thomas B. and Myrtle A. In June, 1878, Mr. Fox came to Fountain City, Ind., and built his flour-mill, which he has since operated with success, having by his strict attention to business gained the patronage of the surrounding country and is doing a large custom work. Politically, Mr. Fox is a Republican. Mrs. Fox is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Timothy Harrington, eldest son of Humphrey and Margaret (Collins) Harrington, was born in County Cork, Ireland, in August, 1812. He was reared on a farm till he grew to manhood. Feb. 12, 1843, he was married to Mary E., daughter of John and Mary (Savage) Hearn, natives of County Cork, Ireland. After the birth of his two eldest children he emigrated to America, in 1852. He landed in New Orleans, and came to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he remained one month. He then removed to Dayton, Ohio, where he was engaged as night watchman for the Dayton & Indianapolis Railroad fur thirteen years. He then removed to Richmond, Ind., where he followed the same occupation for five years. By economy and good management he was enabled to purchase his present farm in 1869, where he has since been engaged in farming and stock-raising. His farm contains 200 acres of land in a high state of cultivation. Since coming to America, eight children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Harrington, of whom seven survive - John J., Margaret, Kate, James H., Humphrey T., Timothy F., Mary E. Three died in childhood.

Abram H. Harris, farmer and stock-raiser, is the second son of David M. and Rachel (Hunt) Harris, and was born in Randolph County, Ind., Dec. 28, 1827. His mother died when he was but eight years old. He then lived with his uncle, John Harris, four years, when he returned to his father, remaining with him till twenty-two years of age. His education was received in tbe subscription schools, the greater part of his youth being spent in assisting his father on the farm. March 2, 1850, he was married to Melinda, daughter of Willis and Elizabeth (Mendenhall) Arnett, who came from Stokes County, N. C., to Wayne County, Ind., in October, 1829. After his marriage, Mr. Harris bought the farm where he now lives, having to borrow the money with which to pay for it. He was industrious, economical, and, by good management, in a few years had the debt, with interest at ten per cent., paid. He now has one of the finest upland farms in the township, owning over 200 acres of well-improved land. He and his wife are members of the Society of Friends, and are esteemed by all who know them.

Addison H. Harris, farmer and stock-raiser, was born April 18, 1826, in Wayne County, Ind., a son of Benjamin and Lydia (Hiatt) Harris, pioneer settlers of Wayne County. He was reared a farmer, and received but a limited education in the early subscription schools. He was ambitious, and by close application at home prepared himself to teach, a vocation he followed some years. In 1850 he went to California, crossing the plains; was nearly six months making the trip. He engaged in mining two years, and then in the mercantile business a year. He was successful in his operations, and in 1853 returned to Indiana. He was engaged in merchandising in Fountain City eight years, and in Manchester two years, and in 1864 bought his farm in New Garden Township, where he now resides. He runs 160 acres of wellimproved Jand. He has also been engaged in the manufacture of tiling thirteen years. July 14, 1859, he was married to Adeline J. Woods, daughter of William S. and Nancy (Madrais) Woods. They have eight children - Lizzie May, James Fremont, William Andre, Charles A., Raleigh B., Mattie B., Mollie O. and Franklin B. Mr. Harris has been Justice of the Peace of New Garden Township eight years.

David M. Harris, deceased, was born in Guilford County, N. C., Oct. 19, 1799, the second son of Obadiah Harris, who was one of the first ministers of the Society of Friends in Wayne County. He came with his parents to Wayne County early in the present century, and located on the farm row owned by Davis Pegg, in New Garden Township. Whenhe started in life for himself he bought forty acres of land in New Garden Township, which he afterward sold, and then entered eighty acres in Randolph County, and began clearing up a new farm. He remained in Randolph County till 1834 and then moved to Grant County, being one of the first settlers. He was married in 1824 to Rachel, daughter of Abraham Hunt, of Randolph County. To them were born five children - Levi C., of Cincinnati; Abram H., of New Garden Township; Thomas, of Decatur County, Iowa; William B., of St. Louis, Mo.; and an infant, deceased. Mrs. Harris died in Grant County in 1835, and he soon after returned to Fountain City (then Newport), residing in and near there till his death in August, 1867. In 1840 he was married to Sarah, daughter of George Shugart, and widow of Joseph Ratliff. They had one daughter - Rachel J., now Mrs. Josiah Knight. Mr. Harris was an unassuming, quiet man, always attending strictly tohisown business. He was a zealous member of the Society of Friends and took an active part in the anti-slavery movement.

John S. Harris, M. D., was born in Guilford County, N. C., Feb. 16, 1836, the only son of Jonathan and Louisa S. (Stuart) Harris, and grandson of Obadiah Harris, a minister of the Society of Friends in an early day. He was educated in Friends' boarding school in North Carolina, and at Haverford College, Pa. He began the study of medicine with Dr. Nevens Mendenhall, of Guilford County, N. C., and graduated from the University of Michigan in the spring of 1864. He then located in Fountain City, Ind., where he has built up a good practice. He was married in September, 1867, to Mary P. Jones, of Warren County, Ohio. To them have been born four children - Louisa, Jessie G., Jonathan W.and Anna. Dr. and Mrs. Harris are members of the Society of Friends.

Nathan Hodgin was born in Randolph County, N. ©., Aug. 8, 1811, a son of Joseph and Ruth (Dick) Hodgin, natives of North Carolina, of English descent. He remained in his native State till 1832, when he came to Indiana and remained in Randolph County one summer. He then returned to North Carolina, and in 1833 was married to Mornen, daughter of John and Abigail (Hobbs) Coffin. Immediately after his marriage he returned to Randolph County, Ind., and entered forty acres of unimproved land which he cleared and improved, subsequently adding to it till he owned 160 acres. In 1866 he sold his farm and bought the one where he now lives, in New Garden Township, Wayne County. Hie present farm consists of 100 acres of fine land, with a good residence and farm buildings. His wife died in 1858. To them were born seven children - Abigail, deceased, wife of Asa Bond; Ruth, wite of Allen Thorne; Emily, wife of Mahlon Chamness; Eunice, wife of James P. Bunch; Martha, wife of Caldwell Townsend; Milton, married Matilda Reece; Malinda, wife of Joseph Martin. In 1860 Mr. Hodgin married Mrs. Mahala Jackson, a daughter of Daniel and Catherine Beals. They have one child - Rosa. Mrs. Hodgin had six children by her former marriage - Joseph C., Isom, Linley M., Lydia Ann (now Mrs. John D. Wright), Thomas and Lavinia, the two latter deceased. Mr. Hodgin and his family are members of the Society of Friends.

Moses Hough was born in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind., May 26, 1820, a son of Jonathan and Gulielma, (Hutchins) Hough, natives of Surry County, N. C., who came to Wayne County in the fall of 1811 and settled in New Garden Township, on the section where Fountain City is now located. It was heavily timbered and there was not a white settler in the county north or northwest of them. The first winter they suffered from the extreme cold, but in afew years. they were rewarded for their privations by good crops and a comfortable home. To them were born ten children, two of whom are living. They were m2mbers of the Society of Friends and were always among the foremost in the upbuilding ofevery good cause. Their home was a refuge for the slave and they were especially active workers in the cause of temper- ance. Mrs. Hough died in 1859, aged seventy-five years, and Mr. Hough in September, 1867, aged eighty-three and a half years. Our subject was married in 1842 to Peninnah, daughter of Luke and Avis (Cox) Woodard. Of their eight children, but five are living. They are members of the Society of Friends. Mr. Hough has always been a farmer, and in connection with farming has engaged in saw and grist milling.

Thomas C. Hough, gardener and farmer, was born Jan. 8, 1846, in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind., the eldest son of Moses and Peninnah (Woodard) Hough. He received a common-school education and lived on the farm with his parents until he grew to manhood. He was married Nov. 15, 1866, to Jennie, daughter of William and Mary Falghum, who were pioneers of Wayne County. They have had five children, three still living - Harry, Oliver Burton, and William. Evelena and Edna are deceased. In1868 Mr. Hough removed to Douglas County, Kas., but returned to Indiana two years later and located in Winchester, Randolph County, where he was engaged in farming and gardening two years, since which he has resided in his native township. He and family are members of the Society of Friends.

Daniel Huff, son of John Huft, the son of Daniel Huff, the son of Daniel Huff, the son of Daniel Huff, was born in Surry County, N. C., Nov. 29, 1816, and in 1819 his parents, John and Mary Huff, emigrated to Wayne County, Ind., and settled a mile east of the New Garden Friends' meeting-house, and a mile and a half southeast of Fountain City. Atthat time the greater part of the land was heavily timbered. His ancestors were of English extraction. His mother, a member of the Burnside family, was born in Maryland, but moved with her parents to North Carolina when a little girl. She was a sociable, talented woman, and served as Clerk of her Quarterly Meeting most of the time from 1819 till her death, in 1846, aged sixty-seven years. His father, John Huff, was uncommonly quiet, a peaceable, hard-working man, who was never known to have any trouble with any one, though he lived to be over eighty years of age. He died in 1852. There was a family of eight children, six of whom lived till maturity - James, married

Susannah H. Butler; Cristee, married Aun Blessing; Matilda, married David Maxwell; Amelia, married Jonathan Elliott; Daniel, married Emily Jane Nixon; Tamar, married Moses Spruy. Allsave Daniel are now deceased. He has undergone some of the privations of pioneer life. Has seen the bounding of the wild deer and heard the howling of wolves from the old cabin door. He assisted his parents in opening the farm, 'remaining with them till twenty-one years of age. In the winter of 1837 he was employed by William Hough to work three months in a wagon shop, in what is now Fountain City. At the expiration of that time he was hired for the season, and has continued to work in a wagon and carriage shop tor forty-six years. His education was a limited one, never attending school more than two months in the winter, and then in the early subsciption school, taught in vacated cabins. He was married in 1844 to Emily Jane, daughter of Samuel and Rhoda (Hubbard) Nixon, of Fountain City, and sister of Dr. O. W. and William Nixon, of the /nter Ocean, Chicago, Ill. They have had five children - Rhoda Alice, wife of Solomon Woody; Roxanna, died in early childhood; Charles Sumner, a merchant of Martinsville, Morgan County, Ind., married Alsie Lasell; Oliver Nixon, a graduate of Ann Arbor Medical College, now a physician of Fountain City, Ind.; Atwood H., recently a salesman for Marshall Field & Co., Chicago, but now mailing clerk in the Znter Ocean office. Mr.and Mrs. Huff have always been members of the Suciety of Friends, their children also adhering to the same faith. Politically, he first voted for Harrison in 1840. In 1844 voted for Birney, and from the Liberty went to the Free-Soil party; thence, in 1856, to the Republican party; still holds one foot on its wasting glory and the other on the Prohibition car, on a bee-line for prohibiting the manufacture and sale of all intoxicating liquors in the State, and expects soon to lift the other foot to the car and never change again. He was one of the freight agents of the Underground Railroad and was permitted to shelter some of the sable race while on their journey from whips and chains to a land of freedom; was one of the councilmen in midnight houses when owners were in hot pursuit. He was never a member of any secret order nor military company, looking on all wars as a relic of barbarism and in no sense belonging to a Christian nation or the peaceable kingdom of Christ.

Lewis Jeffery, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind., Feb. 24, 1828, a son of Joel and Hannah (Case) Jeffery. His early education was obtained iu log school-house on section 26. He remained with his parents till manhood. He was married Jan. 4, 1849, to Cecily J., daughter of Thornton and Nancy Freeman, natives of South Carolina, who came to Wayne County, Ind., about 1829, and settled in Green Township, afterward removing to New Garden Township, where the father died and the mother stilllives. After his marriage, Mr. Jeffery settled on the old homestead, remaining there nine years. He then bought the farm where he now lives, consisting of 120 acres of well-improved land. Mr. and Mrs. Jeffery have had six children; three are living - Perry L., Cornelia A., and Medora C. The three eldest, Margaret E., Mary E., and William L., are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Jeffery have been members of the Methodist Episcopal church forty-two years. Mr. Jeffery's father was born in New Jersey about the year 1788. He served in a New Jersey regiment in the war of 1812, and soon after the war came to Indiana and purchased 210 acres of land in New Garden Township. He returned to New Jersey in 1820 and his father and family came with him to Indiana. He was married in 1819 to Hannah Case, daughter of Isaiah and Francis Case.O f their thirteen children, eleven grew to maturity, and seven are still living. Joel Jeffery died in 1860 and his wife in 1868. Isaiah Case came to Indiana in 1814, living here the remainder of his life.

Amasa M. Jenkins was born in Marion County, Ohio, June 1, 1844, a son of Robert and Ann (Pearson) Jenkins, the former a native of North Carolina and of Welsh descent, and the latter a native of Marion County, Ohio, of English ancestry. At the age of four years his father settled on a farm near Dayton, Ohio, where he was reared and attended the common schools, completing his education at Spiceland Academy and at Earlham College, Richmond, Ind. Daring the late war our subject was drafted into the service of the

United States, but it being against his principles to tight, he was, through the inflnence of the commanding officer at Dayton, honorably discharged. He resided on the homestead till 1869 when he removed to his present home in New Garden Township, where he has a fine farm of 141 acres of improved land. He was married May 21, 1866, to Mary Ann, daughter of Luke and Mildred (Fulghum) Thomas. They have had six children - Charles Francis, Atwood L., Olive L., Alice A., Alvin, and an infant (deceased). Mr. Jenkins and wife are members of the Society of Friends.

John Wright Johnson was born in Guilford County, N. C., Oct. 25, 1819,a son of William and Deborah (Coftin) Johnson. When he was quite small, his father died and his mother came with her family to Wayne County, Ind., and settled in Boston Township. They subsequently removed to Fountain City where his mother died, when he was eighteen years of age. Of her five children, but one is living - our subject. Levi, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, died on the 12th day of January, 1854, being one of the oldest ministers in the Indiana Conference. He learned the carpenter's trade, serving an apprenticeship of two years with J. W. Hiatt, and afterward worked at his trade in Fountain City fifteen years. He then removed to Jo Daviess County, Ill., and engaged in farming until 1869, when he returned to Fountain City. In 1881 he became associated with his son in the drug and notion business. Mr. Johnson was married in 1840 to Naomi, daughter of Micajah and Hannah Morgan. They had twochildren - Micajah M., a resident of Nebraska, and Adeline (deceased). Mrs. Johnson died in 1845, and in 1846 Mr. Johnson married Clerky H., daughter of Benjamin and Annie Thomas. They have had six children; but four are living - B. T., Luther L., Dr. L. O. and Anna Bell. Mr. Johnson was licensed as a preacher in the Wesleyan Methodist church in 1847, and in 1852 he was ordained minister in the same church and traveled in the itinerant evangelical field for fifteen years, and on account of failing health he retired from the local relation of the church.

twelve children of George S. and Jane (Venard) Keever, his father a native of Pennsylvania, of German descent, and his mother a native of Ohio. His grandfather, Stephen Venard, was one of the first settlers of Ohio. His parents passed their days in Warren County, Ohio. He remained at home till manhood, assisting his father on the farm. Feb. 2, 1826, he was married to Henrietta, daughter of Valentine and Catherine (Smith) Pence, natives of Virginia. He settled on a farm in his native county, but inthe spring of 1837 moved to Wayne County, Ind., and purchased the farm where he now lives, in New Garden Township. His wife died Feb. 23, 1852. To them were born thirteen children; nine are now living - Harriett, Ruth, Lydia, Jason, John, Elmira, Catherine, Lucy Ann and George. The deceased are - Jane, Thompson, Susan E. and an infant. In December, 1854, Mr. Keever married Mrs. Harriet Bogue, a daughter of John and Penina Peel. Of their children but one is living - Ella. Albert and Henrietta are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Keever are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Although Mr. Keever has nearly reached his fourscore years he is still one of the active men of the township, taking an interest in all public affairs and assisting liberally all benevolent and worthy objects.

Barnabus C. Marine, a son of Jonathan and Piety (Bogue) Marine, and grandson of the late Jonathan Marine, was born in New Garden (now Franklin) Township, Wayne Co., Ind., Jan. 30, 1836. His education was received in the common schools, residing on the farm with his parents till manhood. On leaving home he settled on a farm in Franklin Township and taught the district school winters for several years. In 1872 he engaged in the mercantile business in connection with farming, receiving the same year the appointment of Postmaster of New Centre. In 1875 he moved to Arba, Randolph County, and engaged in the mercantile business a year and ahalf. He then moved to Fountain City where for four years he was in the hardware business. He then returned to his farm, but a year later returned to Fountain City. In 1882 he engaged in the drug business, and subsequently in general merchandising, bat in 1883 again engaged in farming. He owns a fine farm of eighty acres all well improved. Jan. 2, 1858, Mr. Marine was married to Mary Jane, daughter of Henry and Ann (Fisher) Blose. She died April 29, 1866, and Sept. 12, 1867, he married Elizabeth. daugbter of Aaron Hill. Mr. Marine was reared in the Society of Friends but is now a member of the Wesleyan Methodist church.

Billy Marine, farmer and stock-raiser, New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind., was born in the township Feb. 6, 1819, the youngest of eight children of Jonathan and Hannah (Moorman) Marine. His parents were among the earliest settlers of the county, coming here when the country was a wilderness infested with Indians and wild animals. He was reared on the frontier farm and was obliged to forego the privileges of more than a practical education, his schooling being limited to the subscription school in the primitive log school-house. When he was but eight years of age, June 6, 1827, his father died, leaving a widow with a large family on a frontier farm but partially improved. As the older children advanced in years they left home, and the care of the mother devolved on him, aduty he gladly performed till her death. On reaching his majority he purchased the interests of the other heira in the old homestead and has always made it his home, following diligently the avocation of a farmer. He is clearly a self-made man. Starting in life with a very little capital he has, by his own good management, industry and indomitable perseverance, accumulated a large property. His landed estate consists of 268 acres of the best land in the township, all well improved and under a high state of cultivation. Born on the old homestead, he has now made it his home for a period of sixty-tive years and has witnessed its growth from an uncleared forest to its present rank among the best farms in the county. His family are surrounded with all the comforts of life; his children have had the benefit of a good education, and he, in his declining years, can look back and contemplate with pleasure a well-spent life. He has always been a publicspirited man, giving liberally of his time and means for the advancement of all publie interests. Benevolent causes have always had his ready support, and the churches and schools of the township are due in a great measure to his liberality. Honest and honorable in the superlative degree, he has gained, as he deserves, the respect and confidence of the entire county. A native of the county, it is only natural that he should, as he does, desire its upbuilding, and his greatest work, outside his own household, has been toward the furtherance of the county's welfare. Mr. Marine was married Nov. 8, 1860, to Hannah E. Graves, daughter of William Graves, and a native of Grant County, Ind. Her parents were natives of Tennessee. To Mr. and Mrs. Marine have been born three sons - Oliver M., Orlando and Charles.

Oliver M. Marine, eldest son of Billy and Hannah (Graves) Marine, was born in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind., Jan. 9, 1862, He received a common-school education and resided on the home farm till he attained his majority. He then carried on a mercantile business in Fountain City for one ` year, since which he has been engaged in his present business, that of undertaker and dealer in furniture, and has by his upright dealings gained the patronage of the surrounding country. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and politically is a Republican.

Samuel Mather, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Warren County, Ohio, Jan. 22, 1850, a son of David and Lurana (Steddom) Mather, his father a native of Bucks County, Penn., and his mother of Warren County, Ohio. His early education was received in the common schools. He afterward attended the normal school at Lebanon, Ohio, and Earlham College, Richmond, Ind. He resided with his parents till manhood, then engaged in the same business as his father, and to which he had been reared. He has been successful in his transactions, and is now one of the promising young farmers of New (arden Township. He was married June 10, 1874, to Lillie, daughter of Charles and Naomi (Mcllvain) Mather, a native of Philadelphia, Penn. They have four children - Irene S., Samuel Ernest, Naomi Lillian, D. Lindley. Mr. and Mrs. Mather are members of the Society of Friends. Politically he is a Republican.

William P. McGilliard, farmer and stock-raiser, is the eldest son of John S. and Abigail (Preston) McGilliard, and was born Nov. 23, 1836, in Hamilton County, Ohio. When thirteen years of age, he removed with his parents to Union County, Ind. remaining in Liberty eight years, and from there moved to Henry County, Ill., where he was married Nov. 19, 1863, to Eliza, daughter of Hugh and Annie (Cunningham) Torrence. They are the parents of two children - Claude and Forrest. After his marriage Mr. McGilliard lived ona farm in Henry County, lll., nine years, when he purchased, and removea to the farm where he has since resided. In politics he affiliates with the Republican party. Mrs. McGilliard is a member of the Presbyterian church.

Moses Kelly Miles, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Miami County, Ohio, July 29, 1829, a son Samuel and Annie (Kelly) Miles, who were natives of South Carolina, the former being of English and the latter of Irish descent. They were the parents of five children, of whom three survive. Mrs. Miles died in 1837, and our subject's father was again married, to Elizabeth Neal, by whom he had one child - Rachel E , and in 1864, he moved to Wayne County, Ind., where he spent the rest of his life. He and his family were members of the

- Society of Friends. Our subject resided at home till his marriage, Sept. 23, 1852, with Julia Ann, daughter of Jesse and Mary (Johnson) Coate, who were natives of South Carolina. Mr. Miles lived on a farm in Marion County, Ohio, till his removal to Wayne County, Ind., in 1864, where he purchased his present farm in New Garden Township. To Mr. Miles and wife have been born seven children, three still living - Elizabeth, Horace S. and Frances W. Anna, Mary, Martha S., Lydia and Leroy G. are deceased. Mr. Miles and family are members of the Society of Friends, and his wife is a minister.in that society.

Joseph T. Mills was born in Warren County, Ohio, Dee. 18, 1813, a son of Jolin and Prudence (Thomas) Mills, his father a native of South Carolina, of Irish descent, and his mother a native of North Carolina. His parents came North with their parents when children, and settied in Ohio, where they were married. In 1820 they removed to Wayne County,

Ind., and settled in the extreme northern part of the county, purchasing fifty acres of land, but three of it cleared, with a small log cabin. They were members of the Society of Friends. The mother died Jan. 24, 1854, and the father in October, 1859. Of their seven children but two are living. Our subject is the eldest ofthe family. He remained at home till manhood, and then went to learn the carpenter's trade, serving a year's apprenticeship. He then worked at his trade nine years, and with his earnings bought eighty acres ofland in Randolph, just over the line from Wayne County, where he lived till February, 1881, when he moved to Fountain City. He was married Dec. 1, 1840, to Lutitia Templeton, a native of Miami County, Ohio. Five children have been born to them - Caroline, Constantine, Lafayette, Lucretia and Emma. Mrs. Mills isa member of the Christian church. Mr. Mills is a member of Lodge No. 223, A. F. & A. M., in Randolph County, Ind.

Henry Moorman was born in Richmond County, N. O., July 7, 1813, a son of Tarlton and Hannah (Way) Moorman, the former a native of North Carolina, and thelatter of South Carolina. In 1816 Tarlton Moorman came to Indiana and purchased land in Randolph County, then an almost unbroken wilderness, and in 1822 moved with his family to it. Our subject's mother had died, and his father had married again. The second wife died July 12, 1865, and the futher then lived with his children till his death, Dec. 30, 1875, at the age of nearly ninety-three years. On the death of his father, Tarlton Moorman received $150, and at his death he was worth about $49,000. Our subject was reared in Indiana. His schooling was limited to about three months in the year, and his education was mostly obtained by study in his leisure hours. When eighteen years of age he began to learn the carpenter's trade, at which he worked six years. March 17, 1836, he was married to Ann, daughter of William and Fanny (Crews) Diggs, who came from Anson County, N. ©., to Randolph County, in 1822. After his marriage, Mr, Moorman settled on a tract of land he had entered from the Government. He cleared his land and made a good home, remaining there till 1869, when he bought one in New Gar- den Township, Wayne County, consisting of 118 acres of wellimproved land, with a good residence and farm buildings, where Mrs. Moorman died Feb. 18, 1872. March 31, 1884, he bought property in Fountain City, where, with his daughters, he now resides. Sincecoming to Wayne County he has sold the farm in Randolph County. Of the four children born to them but two, Rebecca and Caroline, are living. The eldest died in infancy, and Susana, the second, died at the age of two years and six months. Mr. Moorman and his family are members of the Society of Friends.

Linden Osborn, wagon-maker, Fountain City, Ind., was born in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind., in 1825. His father, Eli Osborn, was born in North Carolina, Nov. 29, 1802, a son of William and Anna (Macy) Osborn, anda grandson of Mathew and Hannah (Reynolds) Osborn, who were natives of England. He was married in 1825 to Edith Reynolds, and the same year emigrated to Indiana. Our subject's maternal great-great-grandfather, when small, in company with another boy about the same age, was enticed on a ship and brought to America, and here sold to pay their passage. His name was changed and he never knew his right name. He grew to manhood and bought three surveys of land near Philadelphia, and several lots in the city. He was lost at sea while en route for England. Linden Osborn was reared on a farm. He received his early education in the common school, and afterward attended a part of a session at Farmer's College, Ohio, and one session at Greenmount, near Richmond. In 1850 he went to Washington and Oregon Territories and spent some time gold-digging, returning home via Panama. Mr. Osborn is a birthright member of the Society of Friends. He isa member of the Good Templars and Sons of Temperance. Heis politically a Republican. He was early taught that it was wrong for one man to hold another in servitude, and therefore was foremost in upholding the principles of the anti-slavery party. The greater part of Mr. Osborn's life has been spent at his trade in Fountain City. He has never married.

March 23, 1849. He was reared on a farm and educated at the common schools. He was married Oct. 12, 1871, to Martha, daughter of William D. Smith, of Wayne County, and to this union were born four children - Lola F., Ada, Willard and Smith M. After his marriage Mr. Parry engaged as Superintendent of the water department of the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad, which position he yet holds. His wife died May 19, 1879, and April 14, 1880, he was married to Lydia J. Whitney, who died April 1, 1881. Mr. Parry moved to the place where he now resides in 1876. He is a member of Woodard Lodge, No. 212,I. O. O. F., and is a Knight of Honor.

Elam Pike, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Stokes County, N. C., Feb. 5, 1827, a son of Nathan and Mary (Nubey) Pike, who were natives of North Carolina, of Irish origin. They were the parents of eight children, of whom five are deceased. Mrs. Pike died in 1830, and in the fall of 1831 Mr. Pike emigrated with his family to Wayne County, Ind., and a year later purchased the farm now owned by our subject. He was again married in 1832 or 1833 to Mary Baldwin, a native of North Carolina, who died in 1845. Nathan Pike resided on the farm till his death, in 1866. He was an active minister in the Society of Friends. Our subject was reared on the farm where he still resides, and received a limited education in the schools of New Garden Township. He was married Oct. 25, 1854, to Anna, daughter of Isaac and Tamar (Hawkins) Reynolds, who came to Wayne County from South Carolina among the early settlers. Of the six children born to this union four survive - Phebe Ann, Lydia Ellen, Mary and Linley. Nathan and Wilson died in infancy. Mrs. Pike died Aug. 2, 1879. Mr. Pike and family belong to the Society of Friends.

Harman Pitts, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Guilford County, N. O., in 1823, a'son of Samuel and Martha (Meredith) Pitts. Samuel Pitts was born in 1793, and in 1815 was married to Martha Meredith, a daughter of David and Polly (Farrington) Meredith. In 1830, with a family of six children, they emigrated to Wayne County, Ind., and settled in what is now New Garden Township, buying 100 acres of land, mostly unimproved. Six children were born to them in Wayne County. All lived to be men and women, and ten of the family are still living. The father died in the eightieth year of his age, and his wife two years later, at about the same age. They were members of the Society of Friends, their children adhering to the same faith. Harman Pitts remained with his parents till his marriage, when he settled in Green Township, buying eighty acres of land. He has been prudent and industrious, and now owns 200 acres of the best land in Wayne County. He was married in 1846 to Ruth, daughter of Thomas and Christiana (Thomas) Knight. She died in 1878, leaving eight children - Oliver H., William, Beulah Ann, Thomas, Isaac and Benjamin (twins), George and Jennie. In 1880 Mr. Pitts married Mary, daughter of Davis Pegg, and widow of William Fulgher. Mr. and Mrs. Pitts are active members cf the Society of Friends.

Robert S. Preston was born June 14, 1795,in Centre County, Pa., ason of Abijah and Margaret (Warden) Preston, the former a native of New Jersey, of Scotch descent, and the latter a native of Scotland, where she resided till fifteen years of age. Our subject came with his parents to Harrison County, Ohio, when seven years of age, residing there till April 1, 1805, when they moved to Hamilton County, Ohio, where he was married March 9, 1815, to Rachel Roll, a native of New Jersey, who came to Ohio in 1804. They were the parents of ten children, of whom eight still survive. In 1837 Mr. Preston removed from Hamilton County, Ohio, to Union County, Ind., where he lived till 1853, when he sold his farm and removed to Dublin, Wayne Co., Ind., remaining there five years. He resided in Illinois two years, and in 1860 came to Fountain City, where he has since resided, having retired from the active duties of farm life. After living together over sixty-six years his wife died June 8,1881. He and his wife were active members of the Christian church for many years.

James T. Reece, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Henry County, Ind., Oct. 25, 1854, the youngest son of Needham and Celia (Townsend) Reece. When he was fourteen years of age he came with his father to Wayne County, assisting him on the farm till twenty-three years of age. May 2%, 1858, he was married to Emily, daughter of Thomas and Ann (Haisley) Jessup, and settled on a farm adjoining his father's homestead, where he remained till 187%. He then bought the farm where he now resides. He owns 143 acres of well-improved land, all under cultivation, with a fine residence and comfortable farm buildings. Mr. and Mrs. Reece have had five children - Lindsey and Linneeus (twins, the former deceased), William A., Sarah J. and Emma. They are active members of the Society of Friends.

John Reece, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Henry County, Ind., March 12, 1832, the eldest son of Needham and Celia (Townsend) Reece, natives of North Carolina. Needham Reece came with his father, John Reece, to Wayne County, Ind., in 1810. They located first near the present site of Richmond, then moved near Green's Fork, and a few years later, when Henry County was opened to white settlers, were among the first to settle in that county. His wife died in Henry County, Sept. 10, 1838. In 1849 he returned to Wayne County, where he died in 1883. John Reece came with his father to Wayne County in 1849. They settled on section 9, New Garden Township. He was married May 27, 1852, to Ann, daughter of Ezekiel and Mary (Mendenhall) Haisley. After his marriage he bought the farm where he still resides, on section 29, New Garden Township. He owns eighty acres of well-improved land. Mr. and Mrs. Reece have five children - Oliver H., William T., Mary Emma, Edwin and Elnora. They are members of the Society of Friends.

Charles C. Reynolds was born in Randolph County, Ind., Sept. 4, 1856, a son of Milton and Nancy (Harris) Reynolds, and a grandson of Isaac Reynolds, an early pioneer of Wayne County. When he was two years old his parents moved to Kansas and remained three years. On the breaking out of the Rebellion they returned to Indiana and his father enlisted and served a year. In 1866 they moved to Darke County, Ohio, where his father bought a flouring mill. Two years later they moved to Plainfield, Ind., but remained there only a year and went to Farmington, Van Buren Co., Iowa, where his father worked for what is now the B. & S. W. R. R. For a time Charles assisted his father and afterward was employed as baggage master three years. His father died in May, 1875. The following December his mother returned to Indiana, and in 1876 he followed her, and has since been engaged in farming and stock-raising. July 15, 1880, he was married to Mary E., daughter of Gideon F. and Mary J. (Coggshall) McCrakin. They have one son - Delmer M. Mr. apd Mrs. Reynolds are members of the Society of Friends.

William D. Scarce, hardware merchant, is a native of Fountain City, Ind. the eldest son of Charles M. and Emeline S. (Hunt) Scarce. His father was a carriage and wagon maker by trade, but on the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion enlisted as a private. He was subsequently promoted to Lieutenant of a colored regiment. His health failing he was discharged and returned home. After partially recovering he went with his family to Leavenworth, Kan., where he died. The widow with her three children then returned to Indiana, and for about a year livedin Richmond. They then moved to Fountain City, where she received the appointment as Postmistress. The family being in limited circumstances William was obliged to assist in the maintenance of the family. He worked in various ways till 1881 when he was employed as clerk for B. C. Marine. In 1882, with Levi Willcutts, he bought a stuck of goods, and 'has since been successfully engaged in business for himself. In 1883 Mr. Willcutts sold his interest to Jesse Thomas, the firm name now being Scarce & Thomas. In 1882 Mr. Scarce was appointed Postmaster. He was married May 25, 1882, to Emma C., daughter of Jesse Thomas. She died July 3, 1883, leaving one child - Emma C.

William H. Study was born in Green Township, Wayne Co., Ind., July 20, 1841, a son of Isaae and Catherine (Green) Study. He remained at home till the breaking ont of the Rebellion, and was one of the first to enlist; was assigned to Company O, Eighth Indiana Infantry. He participated in the battles of Pea Ridge, Magnolia Hill, Black Run Bridge, Vicksburg, Winchester, Strausburg and Cedar Creek, Va: In September, 1865,he was discharged and returned home. He was married Dac. 14, 1865, to Louisa, daughter of

Milton and Keziah (Johnson) Cranor. They have had five children - B. ©., Clarence M., Lurena and Kizzie (deceased), and Harry P. In 1866 Mr. Study was appointed Deputy Sheriff, and was elected Sheriff in 1870, and re-elected in 1872, serving during the time of the troubles incident to the removal of the county seat. He subsequently removed to Indianapolis, returning to Wayne County in 1876, where he has been engaged in the mercantile business and in shipping grain. He is also extensively engaged in raising stock in. Kansas. Politically he is a Republican. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. | Benjamin Thomas, deceased, was born in Richmond County, N. C., Jan. 9, 1793, and was the youngest son of John and Molly (Clark) Thomas, the former a native of Maryland, of Welsh descent, and the latter born in Virginia. He was married Oct. 22, 1806, to Annie, daughter of Zachariah and Mary (Matthews) Moorman, she was born Feb. 26, 1788. To them were born twelve children, of whom six are living - George, Eli, Mary, Clarkey, Achsah and Annie. Those deceased are - Ruth, Nathan, Benjamin, Bettie, Gula and Hannah. In the spring of 1811 Mr. Thomas came to Wayne County, Ind., and settled in what is now New Garden Township, with his wife and two children, there being at that time only two families in the township. The Indians becoming troublesome, he moved his family to where Richmond now stands, and after remaining here about one year he and his brother Francis returned to their native home and brought their father's family to Wayne Township, where the father soon after died. Our subject was one of the leaders in organizing the Society of Friends in New Garden Township. He was also an active worker in the cause of temperance, and was one of the original members of the old Washingtonian Society. He died Aug. 22, 1851, his wife surviving him till Sept. 13, 1861. Peter Thomas, farmer and stock-raiser, was born Feb. 27, 1837, in Franklin Township, Wayne Co., Ind., the third son of Charles and Nancy (Morman) Thomas, and a grandson of the late Stephen Thomas, a pioneer of this county. Our subject received a good common-school education, and resided at home till twenty-six years of age. When nine years of age he removed with his father's family to New Garden Township, Wayne County. He was married Jan. 6, 1863, to Princella E., daughter of Benjamin and Jemima Cox, who came from Randolph, N. O., about 1848. To them have been born six children - E!lsworth, Cynthia I., Olinda B., Lindsey, Cora E. and Benjamin. Mr. Thomas has a farm of 104 acres of highly cultivated land, where he has resided since his marriage. He and family are active members of the Society of Friends, and politically he is a Republican.

Luke Thomas. - The Thomas family are of Welsh descent. ` The first of the family that came to this country settled in Maryland, and from there John Thomas, in 1870, then a young man, moved to Guilford County, N. C., and was soon after followed by his parents and the rest of their children. They settled on Pe Dee River, in South Carolina, near the boundary line of North Carolina. Their children were - Robert, a prominent minister of the Baptist church; Stephen; Sarah, who married Daniel Landman; Molly, married a Mr. Primrose; William; John; Lewis; Susannah, married a Mr. Matthews; Tristram, an officer in the Revolutionary war ; Philip; Benjamin; James, and Reb2cca, who married a Poston. But little is known ofthe family save that they were intelligent and industrious. John Thomas, the progenitor of the family in Wayne County, married Molly Clark, a daughter of Francis Clark, of Guilford County, N. ©. He was by trade a cooper, but soon after his marriage bought a farm, and became successful in that business. He erected a mill, which he carried on in connection with farming. He became a member of the Society of Friends and reared his children in the same faith. At the time of the Revolution he was pressed into the service, but being opposed to war and bloodshed he refused to act except as compelled. Finding that he would be of no use to them, and believing that he would be of no harm, he was liberated. In 1791 or 1792, he moved to South Carolina and settled near his father, where he lived to see his children settled in life. His children that lived to maturity were nine in number - Isaac, John, Mary, Elijah, Stephen, Francis, Christiana, Benjamin and Sarah. Isaac married Rachel Knight. Their children were - Solomon, Betty,

Molly, Achsa, Rachel, John and Anna. John married Lydia Sneed. Their children were - Polly, Jesse, Anna, Hannah, Lydia, Henby, Huldah, Noah and William (twins). Elijah marries; Susannah Sneed. They had a family of eleven children - Daniel, Mary, Simeon, Samuel, Elijah, Milton, Henley, Sneed, Isaac, Susannah and John. Stephen married Hannah Mendenhall. Their children were - Mary, Sarah, Celia, Charles, Nancy, Lydia, Ann, Daniel and Cain. Benjamin married Anna Moorman. Their children were - Gulielma, Betty, Nathan, George, Hannah, Mary, Achsa, Clarke, Anna, Benjamin and Eli. Benjamin Thomas was a liberal contributor toward the building of the Union Literary School, near Spartansburg, Ind., and continued to be one of its supporters during life. Mary married Moses Mendenhall. They had a family of six children - Francis, Alice, Mary, Rebecca, Dinah and Moses. Both parents died when the youngest was an infant, thus leaving their children helpless and rather destitute. Christiana married Thomas Knight. Their children were - John, Benjamin, Solomon, Betsey, James, Rachel, Sarah, Manoah, Samuel, Ruth and Beulah. Sarah married Charles Baldwin and had ten children - Susannah, Thomas, Mary, Lindsey, John, Ahira, Abigail, Jane, Quincy and Sarah. Francis Thomas, the fifth son, was born in Guilford County, N. C., in 1781, and was ten years of age when his parents moved to South Carolina. He learned the carpenter's trade, and followed that and millwrighting several years. He spent four years in his native county, and there met Lydia Woodard, daughter of Luke and Sarah Woodard, of Wayne County, N.C., to whom he was married in 1807. He then settled on a small farm about ten miles north of Goldsboro, and carried on farming in connection with working at his trade, about four years. In 1811, a minister of the Society of Friends, Abel Thomas, visited the meetings of the society in North Carolina, and Francis Thomas became impressed that it was his duty to accompany him to some of the meetings. While awaiting preparation for starting' the minister advised him to move to the other side of the Ohio River. The idea meeting the approbation of Mr. Thomas, he consulted with his wife, who told him to do as he thought best. Accordingly he told her to tell the neighbors that they wished to sel! their farm and if possible find a purchaser before his return. His principal reason for leaving the South was the wish to take his children from the influence of slavery and intemperance. After an absence of two weeks he returned home, and the same day came a man with a basket of silver money, sufficient to buy the farm. He immediately sold his personal effects and prepared to move. He went by the way of his father's house, that he might take leave of his relatives, and while there his youngest brother determined to go with him, and together with their wives and two children each, his wife's brother, Thomas Woodard, and a young man from Guilford County, they started on their journey. After six weeks of travel they reached Richmond, In1., and leaving his family at the house of a friend he made his way from one settler's house to another till he reached John Turner's. From there, guided by his pocket compass, he went on till he reached Nolan's Creek, one mile north of the present site of Fountain City. Here he selected his land, and built a log cabin and set about opening a farm. His brother settled about a mile further up the creek. The next year father, brothers and two brothers-in-law, with their families, sold their homes in the South and moved to the new country. His father died six weeks after reaching Indiana. Mr. Thomas was an industrious, hard-working man, a life-long member of the Society of Friends and for many years an Elder, also a member of the Indiana Yearly Meeting. He and his wife lived to be eighty-six years of age. Their children were ten in number - Mary, Luke, Sarah, Absillit, William, John, Francis, Lydia, Isaac and Clarkson. Mary married Ahira Ballard, who died leaving a daughter, who died soon after arriving at womanhood. She afterward married Eii Hadley, and was again left a widow. She died aged about seventy years. Sarah married Joseph Hubbard, and died leaving two children - Jehiel and William. Absillit married Rowland Green. They had three children, ail of whom are deceased. William died in his seventeenth year. John married Smithy Newsom. They had five children - Luke, Sarah, Lydia, Clarkson and John N. His wife died and he afterward married Hannah Davis. Francis W. married Rebecca Carlitt. They had five children - Jeremiah M., Mary

New Garden Townsgip

Matilda, Charlton, Michael William and Charles Francis. Lydia F. married Joseph B. Mills, and had six children - Amanda J., Francis, Clarkson, Farlay L., Absillit and Alva Jay. Isaac married Maholah Hadley. Their children were - Meashal Barkley, Mary Etta, Eli, Woodrow and Francis. He still resides on part of the old homestead. Clarkson married Sarah Jane Pitts, and also lives on part of the old homestead. Luke Thomas was born in Wayne County, S. C., March 9, 1810. When eighteen years of age he began to work at the carpenter's trade, and the next two years hired a man to take his place on the farm. Inthe spring of 1830 he was married to Mildred Fulghum, daughter of Anthony and Mary Fulghum. In November, 1830, he bnilt a house near the residence of his father, which he still occupies. For eighteen years he worked at his trade, and being successful was enabled to open up a good farm, and for thirty-six years has given his attention to his farm. He has been an earnest worker in the Society of Friends. He and his sisters Mary and Absillit, and brothers John and Clarkson have been Elders in the church, and his brother Francis is a minister of much ability and influence. He has always been a liberal contributor to the church. He has attended different Yearly Meetings in the East and South and in Canada. He has served as committee-man in the publication of books and tracts; was one of the building committee on the New Garden Yearly Meeting-house and Earlham College. He had the care of the latter institution a number of years. He contributed liberally toward the building and maintenance of the Union Literary Institute, for colored people; the Indiana Manulabor Institute, for poor whites, and was also appointed by the Indiana Yearly Meeting a member of the committee to relieve the colored people during the Rebellion. That organization finally culminated in the Missionary, Board, and built what is now known as South Land College, four miles from Helena, Ark., and an institution at Marysville, Tenn., the latter under the care of the New England Yearly Meeting. In politics Mr. Thomas has never taken an active part, merely exercising his right to suffrage. His children are seven in number - Mazanah married Franklin Haisley, of New Garden Township, and has had five children. Joseph married Anna Jane Hill, and lives in Randolph County, Ind., five miles from Winchester. His wife died a few years after marriage and he then married Mary Ross. They have two children, William Penn married Cynthia Jane Hadley, and settled in New Garden Township. They have one child. Sarah married Thomas E. Connady, of Miami County, Ind. They have three children. Mary Ann married Amasa M. Jenkins. They first settled in Miami County, but afterward moved to New Garden Township, Wayne County. They have had six children. Lydia F. married James A. Hadley, of Richmond, Ind. Michael Lindley resides with his parents. All the children have retained their right of membership in the Society of Friends.

Alpheus Trueblood was born in Washington County, Ind., June 14, 1849, the third son of Joshua and Esther (Parker) Trueblood, natives of North Carolina, of English origin. He was reared on a farm and attended the common schools, completing his education at the Friends' high school of New Garden Township. Sept. 2, 1869, he was married to Almeda Baldwin, of Grant County. They have two children - Effie and Marietta. Two years after his marriage Mr. Trueblood moved to the place where he now resides. His farm contains seventy acres of well-cultivated land, and is located one mile southwest of Fountain City. Mr. Trueblood has been an active minister in the Society of Friends since 1882. His wife belongs to the same society.

Charles Henry Whippo, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Monroe County, N. Y., May 22, 1830, the eldest son of John and Sarah M. (Lawrence) Whippo, and when five years of age came with his parents to Wayne County, Ind. They made the journey in a wagon and located near Dublin. He was reared on a farm. His early education was obtained in the common school, but he subsequently took up the study of the higher branches, including languages. After reaching his majority he assisted in laying out the Indiana Central Railroad, following surveying one year. He then was engaged in the agricultural implement business as salesman, and subsequently was employed on the railroad three years. Jan. 8, 1856, he was married to Matilda, daughter of Robert S. and Rachel Preston, and in March, 1856, moved to Clay County, where he remained eight years, engaged in farming and selling agricultural implements for the Wayne Agricultural Implement Company, of Dublin. In August, 1864, he returned to Wayne County, and bought his present farm in New Garden Township, consisting of 146 acres of well-improved land. Mr. and Mrs. Whippo have had seven children - Louie L., Carrie E., Edmund L., Maria M., James H., Anna P., and Mattie P. The latter died at the age of thirteen years. Mr. Whippo and his family are members of the Society of Friends.

Christopher Williams was born in Highland County, Ohio, Oct. 13, 1814, a son of Isaac and Sarah (Hussey) Williams, natives of North Carolina, the father of Stokes County and the mother of Randolph County. They were married in Highland County, Ohio, and in 1820, came to Indiana and settled in Wayne County. They reared a family of eight children, three of whom are living. The mother died in 1834, and in 1837 Mr. Williams married Annie Cloud. She died and he then married again. In 1858 he moved to Hamilton County, Ind., where he died. Our subject resided with his parents till Dec. 10, 1833, when he married Nancy, daughter of Samuel and Martha (Meredith) Pitts, and settled on a tract of wild land in Hamilton County entered by his father. He resided there seventeen years and then bought a farm a mile west of Fountain City, where he lived thirty years. In 1880 he moved to Fountain City, where he now lives. Mr. and Mrs. Williams have had eleven children, ten of whom are living--- Martha, Richard, Isaac, Franklin, Annie E., Elzena, Austin (deceased), Sarah, Samuel, Mary E. and EmmaJ. They are members of the Methodist church.

Jacob Williams, farmer and stock-raiser, was born March 38, 1827, in Montgomery County, Pa., a son of Daniel and Margaret (Weaver) Williams. When five years old he came with his father's family to Wayne County, Ind., locating in Green Township, where he was reared, and educated in the common schools. Dec. 21, 1848, he was married to Mary, daughter of Michael Fulghum, one of the pioneers of Wayne County. They had one child - Joseph H., who died in infancy. After his marriage he settled on the farm, where he has since been successfully engaged in agricultural pursuits. His wife died

May 22, 1850, and May 20, 1852, he married Catherine Pearson, a native of Miami County, Ohio, and a daughter of Robert Pearson. Of the nine children born to them eight are living - Elizabeth M., Albert, Adaline, Caroline, Robert, Daniel, Mary, Alice and Edgar J. The eldest child, Alvah, died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Williams belong to the Society of Friends.

Samuel Williams, youngest son of Christopher and Nancy (Pitts) Williams, was born March 6, 1855, in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind. He was reared on a farm, receiving his education at the common schools, and at the age of seventeen years he began to teach school, which he followed ten years. Having a natural taste for music he educated himself in that art, and in connection with his other pursuits taught vocal and instrumental music. He was married May 20, 1876, to Ella, daughter of Moses and Peninnah Hough. They have four children, Ida, Grace, Mabel and Ernest. After his marriage Mr. Williams bought a small farm, and has since been engaged in farming. In 1882 he was elected Township Trustee, and was re-elected in April, 1884, for a period of two years. He is a member of the Wesleyan Methodist church, and his wife belongs to the Society of Friends.

William Williams was a native of Chatham County, N. C., where he was married to Rachel Kemp, a native of the same county, in 1786. They removed to Blount County, Tenn., where they lived till 1814, when, with a family of twelve children, they removed to Wayne County, Ind., and settled in Boston Township, four miles south of where the city of Richmond is now located. Here he improved a farm, clearing it of timber, aud making a home for 'his children. He was a prominent minister in the Society of Friends, and was active 'in the work of building up the society in Wayne County. He built the first house on the present site of Richmond, and his family were the first residents of that city. He died in 1824. His wife survived him many years.

William R. Williams, the youngest and only surviving son of William and Rachel (Kemp) Williams, was born in Blount County, Tenn., June 5, 1806, and-was eight years of age when his parents moved to Wayne County. He was married in 1828 to Rebecca Davidson, a native of Wayne County, Ind. They had six children, four of whom are living.. His wife died in 1841, and in 1842 he married Rebecca Scarce, also a native of Wayne County. To them were born seven children, four of whom are living. Mr. Williams worked at the carpenter's trade till 1837, and then came to Fountain City, where he manufactured wagons and carriages till 1854. He theu moved to Jo Daviess County, Ill.,and remained ten years, when he returned to Fountain City. He has been Assessor of New Garden Township for twenty years. He and his wife are members of the Wesleyan Methodist church.

Cader Woodard, deceased, was one of the '' pioneers " of Wayne County, Ind., and none are more worthy of mention in the history of the county than he. He was born in Wayne County, N. C., Nov. 1, 1787, a son of Luke and Sarah (Parker) Woodard, of English descent. He was married in 1810 to Rachel Outland, a native of Northampton County, N. C., born Dec. 29, 1788, a daughter of Josiah and Millicent Outland, of Holland descent. Mrs. Woodard's grandfather was a minister of the Society of Friends. He died in 1804, aged seventy-five years. Her grandmother was an Elder of the church. She died in 1802. Mr. Woodard came with his family,accompanied by his mother,to Wayne County, Ind., in 1826, and purchased a farm on section 11, New Garden Township. His wife died May 7, 1841. They had a family of eleven children; ten grew to maturity, and six are still living, 1884. In 1846 Mr. Woodard married Mrs. Sarah (Townsend) Stubbs. He was a man of strong will power, which, combined with intellectuality and integrity, made him a useful and respected citizen. He took great interest in education, giving his children all the advantages possible. He and his family were active members of the Society of Friends.

Cornelius J. Woodard, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Wayne County, N. C., March 15, 1823, a son of Cader and Rachel (Outland) Woodard. Coming to Indiana when but three years old, he was reared and educated in Wayne County. He remained on the farm assisting his parents, when not engaged in teaching or going to school, till twentyfive years of age. March 29, 1848, he was married to Sarah B urgess, a teacher, and a native of Jefferson County, Ohio, and a daughter of Jobn and Margaret (Wood) Burgess. Her father, a native of Maryland, and her mother, of Chester County, Pa., are of English descent. After his marriage Mr. Woodard resided on a farm near the old homestead. He then moved to the farm where he now lives. To Mr. and Mrs. Woodard have been born seven children, but five of whom are living - Charles, Thomas, Mary, Henry and Irvin E. The eldest, Eliza Jane, and the second youngest, Minnie, are deceased. Mr. Woodard has given his children good educational advantages, four of them having been teachers. He and his family are members of the Society of Friends. His wife an accredited minister in that church.

Luke Woodard, farmer and minister, Fountain City, Ind., was born in New Garden Township, Wayne Co., Ind., March 12, 1832, a son of Cader and Rachel (Outland) Woodard. His early life was passed in his native county, he being reared to the life of a farmer. He was educated in the Friends' schools, at that day much above the average common school. April 14, 1853, he was married to Elvira Townsend. He re mained on the old homestead, continuing the life of a farmer Soon after his conversion he felt called to the ministry of the gospel, and was officially recognized as a minister by the church authorities in 1862. From that time his atten tion was mostly given to his ministerial work. Besides laboring in the churches near his home, he made several journeys to all the States where Friends' churches were !ocated, including the New England, Southern, Middle and Eastern States. In many of these journeys his wife accompanied him. Many conversions were the result of their gospel labors. He resided with his family in Rochester, N. Y., in 1875, and for nearly two years, 1882-1884, in Toronto, Canada. In 1875 Mr. Woodard wrote and published a devotional work of nearly 400 pages, ''The Morning Star." This found ready sale and soon passed through its second edition. While in Toronto he published "Gathered Fragments; or,Talks to Young People, Parents and Ministers," a book of nearly the same size as the first. Mr. and Mrs. Woodard have had four children - Leander J., born May 24, 1854; Mary Ellen, born Oct. 16, 1860; Alice, born July 14, 1866, and an infant, deceased.