Wayne County, Indiana - Biographical sketches (12 of 15 so headed), 1884

Biographical sketches

When Wayne County was organized in 1810 it was divided only into two townships, Wayne and Washington. When Indiana became a State the law provided for county organization, and the county commissioners acting upon it divided Wayne County into six municipal divisions or townships, of which Perry was one. It occupied the northwest territory of the county, and also overlapped the present county line, for Wayne County at that time included a good deal of land now in Union, Fayette, Henry and Randolph counties, and the townships were correspondingly large. As the county became curtailed of her fair proportion, so did the original township suffer, and when at last Wayne County was left to her present dimensions, then came the internal arrangement to multiply her municipal divisions and Perry again suffered, and suffered badly. Dalton and Green, Clay and Jefferson, succeeded in bringing her territory down to eighteen square miles, and the number of acres of land 11,520. This is not one-fourth of her original size, but she will economize what she has, and will not complain if the work of curtailment has

Bounds, Etc

The townships may be said to lie wholly within the Twelve Mile Purchase. It is bounded on the north by Randolph County, east by Green Township, south by Clay and Jefferson, and west by Dalton and Jefferson townships. It is a square with the exception of two sections in the southeastern portion of the township, lying south of thesquare of sixteen sections and on the east side.

Of the 11,520 acres of land the eighteen sections call for, 11,073.69 acres are on the assessment roll. Its assessed valuation for 1882 was $303,600; for real estate and personal property, $130,525; total, $434, 125.

The valuation is less than Dalton Tora which is ` smaller. Just why this should be so is not explained. The population of the township for the past four decades is as follows: In 1850, 868; 1860, 837; 1870, 876; 1880, 890.

This shows a stand-still, or nearly so, the past thirty years, a gain of only twenty-two being recorded, thus having but its natural increase during all these years.

It is a good township of land for agricultural purposes, and its farmers are in easy circumstances. The township is well watered, Martindale's Creek, with numerous branches, flowing south through the township from north to south, and on the east side a branch of Morgan Creek, itself a branch ot Martindale's, waters that section.

When Settled

The township was first settled in 1813 and 1814, but at the end of the latter year there were but five families within the limits of what is now Perry Township. These families were: Jas. Warren, Wm. Blount, Thomas Lamb, John Bailey and Richard Williams, the latter arriving Christmas day, 1814, and settled just west of Economy. He was from Tennessee, as was also Warren. Lamb came from South Carolina and Blount from Kentucky, though originally from Pennsylvania. Most of them had stopped for several months a few miles below Richmond. Blount and Williams settled on section 29, Warren on section 5, Lamb and Bailey on section 29 also, but soon after removed to section 8, and all farmers. The next year, 1815, quite a number found homes within the limits of the township. This year came Henry Mills, Moses Mills, Elihu Swain, Asa Brewer, Samuel Swain, Robert Canady, Azariah Williams, Hezekiah Williams, Isaac Mills, Henry Mills and Wm. Locke, nearly on the land and the land joining what is now Economy. Miles Marshall settled in the township in 1815. John Canady came in 1816, brother of Robert, as did also Jesse Willis and his two sons, Isaac and David. These last purchased a part of the land entered by Wm. Blount. The sons of William Blount settled Blountsville, in Henry County. Thos. R. Stanford and Chas. Burroughs purchased land of Blount in partnership. Besides these mentioned there came Samuel Moore, Jesse Jones, David and John Maulsby, John and Wm. Jordan, Boyd Williams, John Hart, Thos. Marshall, Thomas Swain, a blacksmith and physician, Wm. Fife, Jonathan Thornburg, Miles Marshall and Jesse Greenstreet during the years 1815 and 1816. Swain's shop was about one mile northeast of Economy and on section 21. Thos. Gallion, from Kentucky, settled in the northwest corner of section 3. Jonathan Macy is spoken of as among the first merchants in Economy and one of the first Justices in the township, and Jesse Baldwin, from North Carolina. Thos. Stanford settled on section 29. These latter all came prior to 1818.

Thomas Lamb, Jno. Bailey, Jesse Willis, Isaac Willis, Robert Canady, Thomas Swain, David Malsby, Elihu Swain, Wm. Locke, Moses Mills, Jesse Jones, Wm. Fife and Jonathan Thornburg all remained in the settlement until their deaths. Most of these early settlers were Quakers. The descendants of many of them live in the township. The children and grandchildren of Jno. and Wm. Jordon, of Robert Canady, Thomas Marshall, Elihu Swain, Richard Williams and perhaps a few others, occupy the lands entered by their ancestors. Of other early settlers who came only a short time later than those named were: Jno. Underhill, Jno. Banks, Dan'! Jones, Chas. Osborn, Jno. Pierce, Wm. Elliott, Tennessee; Jas. Luce and Job Ratliff, on sections 9 and 10, Wm. Starbuck, North Carolina; Chas. Williams, -

Tennessee; Hezekiah Manning, Connecticut; Abram Lennington, Pennsylvania; Jno. Hart, Kentucky; Solomon Hodson, Jas. Northrop, Ohio; Jason Howell, Abel Pew, Moses Gilmore and John Gwinn, the latter coming, however, in 1815. Then Walter Thornburg, from Pennsylvania; Richard and Daniel Wills, North Carolina; David Osbora, from the same State; Thomas Carr, Ohio; Amy Hall, Tennessee; Thomas Cox and Uriah Barnett. Reuben Macy came from North Carolina; Isaac Osborn, some years later; Jno. Davis, Tennessee; Henry Mullinex, Jos. Jackson, Allan Judd, Josiah Johnson, Geo. D. McPherson and Benjamin and John Elmore, Tennessee. These were the early settlers of Perry Township, and in many cases they have left the impress of their character upon the pages of time. Quitea large number of them in their religious blief were Friends - Dan'! Jones, Chas. Osborn, John Pierce, and others.

The Quakers built a church in the northeast corner of section 29, in 1816. They had held meetings at private houses, mostly at that of Robert Canady. The first Methodist services were held at the house of Thomas R. Stanfords, and afterward at the house of John Jordan. This was before 1820.

Most of the second class of settlers came from South Carolina, making almost all the early settlers from the South, originally from the Carolinas, some having come first to Tennessee, then here.

The first grist-mill was put up about one mile southwest of Economy, by Thomas Carr, Dan'l Mills and Richard Mills, in about 1826 or 1827. A saw-mill had been built on the creek just by Economy in 1819, by Robert Canady. It remained until within a few years. The grist-mill was torn away many years ago.

By repairs and rebuilding a saw-mill has been kept there until the present time; present owner, John A. Shepard. An oil-mill was built at the same place as early as 1830; proprietors, Richard Williams, Wm. Barnard and Matthew Williams, and was run for six or seven years.

Some of the early Justices of the Peace elected in the township were: Jonathan Macy, Miles Marshall, Isaiah Osborn; in Economy, Absalom Wright, Wm. Williams. John M. Williams was a Justice in 1837 and served a great many years.

The business interests of the township are now concentrating at Economy, the only village within its border, a description of which will be found in the following pages.

Economy

This town was laid out by Chas. Osborn in July of the year 1825, and is almost in the exact center of Perry Township, as now formed. It is located on a handsome eminence which gives it a most pleasing view of the surrounding country, and with an excellent drainage the village is dry and very healthy. These advantages of pure air and good water, and a social people, make one of the most pleasant of country - villages. The inhabitants were of the denomination of Friends, or the larger portion of them. It is some fifteen miles northwest of Richmond, not on the line of any railroad, and will therefore not likely become more than it is - a small country village with pleasant surroundings.

Sale Of Lots, Etc

The first sale of lots took place in July, 1825, and brought from $5 to $20, according to size and location. In 1826 there were some fifty inhabitants, one store, postoffice, and the trades and mechanics fairly represented. In 1850 it boasted of a population of 158, and in 1860, 259. In 1870 it had fallen off to 229; in 1880, 233, and at this time has about 250 inhabitants.

Something About Incorporation

The citizens of the town met at Wm. Bernard's Sept. 1, 1828, for the purpose of ascertaining the will of the people on the subject of incorporation. Isaiah Osborn was chosen President of the meeting, and Richard Williams, Secretary.

The vote was unanimous for incorporation. One week after 'the above meeting was held, to wit., on Sept. 8, 1825, an election was held (the town having been incorporated) at the house of Wm. Bernard, for the Board of Trustees. The following were elected: Wm. Bernard, Rich. Williams, Jonathan Macyand Josiah Osborn. The land on which Economy stands was entered and purchased by Henry and Moses Mills, in 1815. They were Tennesseeans. Henry Mills sold to Elihu Swain and Wm. Locke, and they in turn to Chas. Osborn, who came in possession in 1819. At the time of the first sale of lots, in 1825, the house of Henry Mills was the only one on the town site. As soon as the sale was completed Josiah Osborn put up the first house, and of course others soon followed on the lots they had purchased. Jonathan Macy was the first merchant, removing his store from the country, having first started it about one mile southwest of the village. The next store was that kept by Matthew Williams. Macy's store was located on lot 19, in a part of the house which is still standing, and owned by the D. B. Robbins heirs. Macy sold out in 1833 and removed to New Castle, Henry County, and at this time, or a little earlier, Williams moved from New Castle his goods which he had in a store there, and first located in the bottoms just north of Economy, but soon after moved up into town. A cluster of houses had been built in the bottoms, and a store started there by Moses Mills and Walter Thornburgh. In 1828 they built a larger frame building and kept a much larger stock and greater variety of goods. The little town in the bottoms was for a while quite a rival to Economy, but proving sickly it was finally abandoned. John Thornburgh also came up into the village, which left the '' bottoms" tenantless so far as business was concerned, and the seven or eight houses were abandoned as above stated. Thornburg did business in Economy for nearly fifteen years.

Charles Osborn was limited in means, and as a. 'method to improve his finances laid his land out in lots to sell. Ashe was constrained to sell his land he considered this the most economical way of proceeding, and named the new town " Economy," in preference to Charlestown, as suggested by his friends. A postoffice was secured in the year 1826; first Postmaster was Dv. Thomas F. Butler, who, will be found, was the first regular physician to locate. The other Postmasters were: Matthew Williams, - - ; Barrett Barnett, Dec. 28, 1832; John Thornburgh, May 9, 1838; Andrew Spillard, Feb. 14, 1842; Barnabas Coffin, Aug. 16, 1842; Samuel Hervey, Jan. 21, 1846; Absalom Wright, March 1, 1852; Jonathan B. Clark, Dec. 8, 1865; George W. Robbins, June 4, 1867. ,

A carding-machine, propelled by an inclined-plane horsepower, was built by Reuben Macy, about 1829, and wasin operation about four or five years.

William Locke and Jonathan Macy are named as the earliest merchants in the township. Locke kept his store where he settled, one and one-quarter miles northeast of where Economy nowis. Much of his trade was in deer-skins, raccoon skins, rags, ginseng, pork, ete. He afterward moved it one-half mile southeast of his house and kept it two or three years, stopping it about 1820.

A tannery was established in Economy by William Locke about the year 1825. Among tke names of those who have since carried on business at this establishment are: Joshua Canaday, George P. Rupe, Price & Surface, James Stanley, Coffin & Hinshaw, and others. Its last proprietor was Wm. Ballanger. It has been discontinued.

The first resident physician in the town or township, as above, was Thomas T. Butler, who settled in Economy about the year 1826. The settlers had been previously served, in great part, by Drs. Warner, of Richmond, and Waldo, of Jacksonburg. Among those who have succeeded Dr. Butler were Henry Carver, in 1834, Josiah T. Bohrer, Macy B. Maulsby, George W. Robbins, Caleb K. Patterson (eclectic), Thomas Adams, Royal R. Jennings. Drs. G. W. Robbins, Jonathan B. Clark and John M. Clark are the present practicing physicians.

A brick yard was started in 1826 by Hezekiah Hutchins, on the corner of Maineand Market streets. Afterward Dan'l Jones started a brick yard on lot 43, Market street. A steam grist-mill and saw-mill were built at Economy about the year 1830, by Nathan Proctor, and run about five years. John and Larkin Maulsby built, in 1849, a steam saw-mill, and afterward added a corn-cracker. They were run but a few years.

Hinshaw and Coffin, who kept a general stock, commenced business in 1889, and Hinshaw afterward kept several years. W. H. Hinshaw and Barnabas Coftin composed the firm. Maulsby & Robbins commenced as early as 1845. Wm. Clark, from North Carolina, in 1860, bought an interest in the store of Barnabas Coffin and Thomas Elwood Clark, son of Wm. Clark. Daniel B. Robbins, who was in the business more than a quarter of a century, and T. Elwood Clark and Barzilla H. Clark, brothers, in partnership.

The town now has two dry goods stores, one hardware and grocery, one hardware, grocery and drug store, one grocery and fiuit stand, one hotel, one tile factory, one saw, planing and furniture mill (which is the most important establishment in the village), three blacksmith shops, two shoe shops, one pump shop, two wagon shops, one large brick school building of six rooms, three churches, - Methodist Episcopal, Wesleyan Methodist and Friends, - tbree physicians.

Nathan -Proctor came from Virginia to Perry Township in about 1820. Dressed cheaply, was a very peculiar character, of wild, roving disposition. Went back to Virginia, after a short time and returned again in 1825, showing indications of wealth in his dress, etc., and in 1828, after securing confidence and financial support of many citizens, built a saw and grist mill at the village of Economy ; ran the mill afew years.

He was the leader of a strong party of counterfeiters. For more than ten years they carried on the system, either making false bills, many of $100 denomination, or receiving them through Proctor from accessories in Virginia. After long effort, however, during which night captures, daring vigilance exploits and riots were indulged in, they were finally broken up. Some of the parties made long trips through the South and elsewhere to dispose of the counterfeit money. Economy gained a wide but unwholesome reputation through their unhallowed proceedings and the citizens were glad tu escape from their contaminating presence.

Weather Observations

On the 1st of August, 1833, John Osborn, a resident of Economy, began taking observations of the temperature by thermometer, three times a day, viz., at sunrise, at noon and at sunset. It was an independent enterprise for his own gratification. It was kept up with perfect regularity until his death, in 1874, when he requested that it be carried on by his son, Josiah Osborn, at least until the end of fifty years from Aug. 1, 1833. It was carried out, not a single observation having been missed in the fifty years, which terminated July 31, 1883. Since that time the observations continue to be made.

Extremes. - Gen. av. of March, 1842, 50.1°; gen. av. of March, 1843, 22.63°. Fourth of March, peculiarly cold day. Below freezing six times in June, two in July, and three times in August, 1839. Below freezing four times in June, 1840. On May 21, 1883, snow fell about four inches.

M. E. Church (Economy). - Before the first church was erected in Economy a society was formed, and preaching was had two and a half miles northwest of the village, in the year 1817. Asa Beck and James Beggs were two of the early preachers, and Jas. Havens, circuit preacher of Whitewater Circuit. Meetings were held in private houses, generally in that of Jno. Jordan, Sr., where the society was formed. A society was formed southeast of Economy several years later. The house was called '' Eden" Meeting-house, and stood near the southeast corner of Perry Township. The early members were: John Jordan, Wm. Jordan, James Hudson, Jesse Comer and their wives, Rachel Ellis, and a few others. Soon after were added Joseph Stanley, James Stanford, and their wives, of the first-named church, and of the latter were: John Cain, Simon Adamson, Jacob Bowman, George D. Mc- Pherson, Wm. Starbuck, Barrett Barnett, Jesse Greenstreet, Daniel Worth. The leaders of this society were John Cain, George McPherson and Wm. Starbuck. These two societies became united afterward, and centered at Economy, about equally distant from each. The house was built in 1829, on lot 48, and was the first church in the village. Jno. Jordan was a prime mover in this union. The house was enlarged after several years, and finally a new one was erected in 1858, the present one.

Among the early preachers after James Havens were: Wm. Holman, Summerville, Daniel Fraley, Wm. Hunt and Elijah Whitten. This society, too, was disrupted by the 'abolition " question. The radical anti-slavery members seceded about the year 1842, and organized as a Wesleyan Methodist society. Among its members were: George D. McPherson, Elihu Smith, Ira H. Hutchins, Wm. Williams, John Maulsby, John M. Williams. This organization lasted only about three years. The society has been generally strong, and is in good condition now. It has been a point on the Hagerstown Circuit since about 1845. Prior to that date it had been on the Winchester and Centreville circuits. The present Class-leader is Jesse Greenstreet; Sunday-school Superintendent, Thomas Frazier.

Wesleyan Methodist. - In 1842 the old Methodist Episcopal church split on the subject of slavery and the Wesleyan church was formed. It was only short lived but was revived again in two or three years, and has since been a fixed organization. Alexander Haywood was the earliest pastor. Members who composed the church at the time of its organization were: Elihu Smith and Elizabeth, his wite, Ira H. Hutchins and Susannah, his wife, and perhaps others. On the same day Elizabath Mills, Martha E. Thorabarg, and Emma Sutton were ''received into full connection." Elihu Smith was chosen Cijas:-leader; and a few months after, Ira H. Hutchins, Steward. Preachers in charge since the organization: A. Haywood, Emsley Brookshire, Harris, Wm. Gladding, Aaron Worth, Enoch Marsh, L. C. Beckford, John M. Johnson, Elijah Coate, John W. Johnson, John Fall, Elijah Coate.

The Wesleyan Chapel in Economy was built in 1857, a frame building still standing and used. It is used also for political and miscellaneous meetings. This chapel has b2en one of the strongest religious societies in the vicinity, having over 100 members in 1860 and 1861, during the ministry of Lewis Beckford. Society now has about twenty-five members; pastor, J. W. Bilderback, Ira Hutchins is Olassleader. The society is not very active at this time.

For a short time about 1840, a Baptist church was formed but it was of short duration, and the United Brethren, also, between 1860 and 1870; that, too, has ceased to exist.

Society of Hriends. - This society erected a cabin about twenty feet square in the bottoms, near Economy, known as Puckett, in the year 1816, and was the eariiest religious society in the township of Perry. Their first meeting-house was built of round logs, about a quarter of a mile northwest of the present town of Economy, in 1816. It was warmed by charcoal and white-oak bark, burned ona hearth in the center. Some of the first members were: Eiihu Swain, James Warren, Richard Williams and their wives, Robert Canaday and his wife Amy, an exhorter, Charity Mills, Divid Maulsby, Wm. Locke, Thomas Marshill, Henry and Moses Mills, and Charles Osborn. Amy Canaday was the only preacher. After a few years, a double log house, 48 x 24 feet in size, was built nearby. Charles Osborn, who came in 1819, was the first preacher of any note. This has always, to tne present time, been called the "Springfield Church."? About the year 1842 the anti-slavery question caused a division of the society. The Abolitionists retained the old house until it was abandoned about the year 1850. The other portion of the society erected the present frame church in the town, in 1843, and those who left the church, known as Abolitionists, have reunited with it since. The membership is about 100, and the Rev. Charles Osborn, grandson of the first, is the present preacher. He is afarmer and lives two miles north of Economy. As a church they are strong temperance workers, Charles Osborn being the leading man of the temperance league since its organization, and has been very earnest in all temperance work.

The Bethel Church of the United Brethren was organized in 1843 by the Rev. Mr. Jones, a circuit preacher. It is located south of Economy, on Martindale's Creek. Meetings were first held in a school-house, but a few years later put up their present church building, which is in rather a bad condition. The members who first entered or formed the society were: James Powell, Robert Millman, Aaron Locke, James Wright, Rev. John T. Vartaman, Wm. Vartaman. Their minister was the Rev. Daniel Stover. The society grew quite rapidly, having during the years 1850 and 1851 not less than 125 members. This was during the ministry of the Rev. Thos. Evans and Rev. Jno. T. Vartaman. Rev. James Cook was also pastor in charge. The church does not now number so many members, yet itis strong, in a healthy condition and carries with it a large influence for good. The membership is now seventy-five. The present pastor is the Rev. Curtis B. Small; Francis Cain, Class-leader; Elder of the district, Rev. F. M. Moore. The Sabbath-school is conducted the year round and has for its efficient Superintendent Mr. Chas. ©. Weyl. Preaching is held every two weeks, and class-meetings on every alternate Sabbath day.

New Hope United Brethren Church is situate northeast of Economy about three miles,and within afew feet of the county line. It was organized in 1858, but the society was very small and worshiped in a small log cabin about twenty feet square, formerly used by another sect called Gibsonites. In about 1870 a new and very fine frame church was built, the society having recently become strong under the pastoral care of Rev. Jno. T. Vartaman. The present pastor is Rev. B. R. B. Haleomb; COlass-leader, Wm. Bell. The church has now a membership of about 100 members and keeps up a wellattended Sunday-school the entire year. The society is in the full tide of prosperity, and in the fullness of its strength is exercising an influence for good that is far reaching and effective. A few of its first members only are remembered, while in its infancy. . These were James Hutchins, George Scantland, Wm. Chalmers and their wives.

The great cyclone of July 18, 1824, is thus described by Mr. Jno. A. Locke, in his articles on Early Days, contributed to the Hagerstown Haponent. It would be well for early history if these sketches could be put in book form. They are worthy of it. He says in substance:

"The rain fell in a perfect flood and the bottoms were soon covered and the waters became a raging torrent. Timber was blown down and the roads blocked for miles. A meeting was held at the house of Mr. Macy's by Rev. Chas. Osborn, it being Sunday, and while Mr. Osborn was preaching the storm came up. 'lhe meeting was broken up, for nothing could be heard during the fury of the storm and the roar of the raging waters. The water rose so rapidly that some who attended the meeting living on the other side of the West Branch could not get home until the next day, and one man was said to have been three days working his way through the fallen debris. The roofs of several log cabins were blown off, but, strange to say, no one was reported killed. The country, however, was thinly settled, and the log cabins, strong and durable and protected by the heavy forests, were not easily destroyed. The roof might go, but the cabin stood firm. It was the heaviest storm ever known in that section of the country, and Perry Township was one of its greatest sufferers."

Pleasant M. Adamson was born in Dalton Township, Wayne Co., Ind., Dee. 25, 1830, a son of Aaron and Sarah (Milman) Adamson, his father a native of Tennessee and his mother of Ohio. His parents both died when he was nine years old and he went to Marshall County, Ind., to live with an older sister, remaining there till he was twenty years old. He then returned to Wayne County. Feb. 10, 1852, he was married to Lucinda, daughter of Nicholas and Rosa (Petty) Shaw. He soon after went to Delaware County, Ind., and four years later came again to Wayne County and bought his present farm. He owns eighty-six and a half acres of fine well-improved land. Mr. and Mrs.:Adamson are members of the United Brethren church. Politically he is a Republican.

William Ballanger, farmer and stock-raiser, was born Noy. 16, 1824, in Ross County, Ohio, and is the eldest son of Benjamin and Sarah (Shiverly) Ballanger, natives of North Carolina and Virginia respectively. At the age of five years he came with his parents to Wayne County, where he was reared on a frontier farm in Green Township, receiving his early education in the subscription schools, which he afterward completed at Centreville, and in early life he engaged in teaching school in connection with his farming pursuits. He was married Oct. 30, 1846, to Lyda Starbuck, a native of Wayne County. Of their ten children, six are living - Alice, George S., Jacob O., W. L., Addie May, and James E. Mary Elizabeth died aged about three years, Isabell C. when two years of age, John when two years of age, and one died in infancy. Atter his marriage Mr. Ballanger settled on a farm where he lived nine years. He then purchased a farm of eighty acres adjoining, where he has since resided. He has added to his farm from time to time and at one time owned 280 acres of improved land. He has assisted his children by giving them a good practical education and has also given them some of his land and at present owns 140 acres. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church.

When he wassix years old his parents removed to Franklin County, Ind., where he lived about three years, when they moved to Wayne County, residing there till 1858. He then moved with them to Shelby County, Mo., where he lived till the breaking out of the late war, when he enlisted in Company A, Third Regiment Missouri Volunteer Cavalry. Ina skirmish at Pleasant View he was wounded severely six times, which disabled him from active duty three months. He was honorably discharged Nov. 3, 1864, at Little Rock, Ark., after which he returned to Missouri and farmed one year. He then came to Wayne County and sold goods on the road five years. He was married Aug. 5, 1871, to Louisa, daughter of Ishmael and Mary (Mills) Conyers, natives of Pennsylvania, and Wayne County, Ind., respectively. They have three children - Missouria, Auretta A. and Louie I. After his marriage Mr. Burnett settled on his present farm where he has since followed farming and trading. In politics he affiliates with the Democratic party.

Milton Cain, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Perry Township, Wayne Co., Ind., Sept. 23, 1848, a son of Jonathan and Priscilla (Lamb) Cain. His mother died when he was seven years old, and three years later his father died. He then went to live with his uncle, Perry Hurst, remaining with him till his majority. He was educated in the common schools, and was reared to the life he now follows. He owns a good farm of 133 acres of well-improved land. He was married March 21, 1872, to Adaline, daughter of John and Hannah Wilson. They have three children - Luella, Gertrude and Zora. Mrs. Cain isa member of the Society of Friends. He is politically a Republican.

George E. Clark, farmer and stock-raiser, was born Nov. 16, 1848, in Randolph County, N.C., fifth son of the late William and Louisa (Worth) Clark, also natives of North Carolina. He attended school in his native State till he was twelve years of age, when he moved with his father's family to Economy, Wayne Co., Ind. He lived at home till he grew to manhood, and Sept. 22, 1880, was married to Emma, daughter of John and Nancy (Smith) Study, who were natives of Wayne County. They have one daughter - Julia. After his marriage Mr. Clark settled on a farm containing eighty-eight acres of highly cultivated land, half a mile east of Economy, which his father had previously purchased. Mr. Clark is a member of the Society of Friends.

Jonathan B. Clark, M. D., wasborn in Randolph County, N. ©., June 26, 1836, the secon son of William and Louisa (Worth) Clark. He assisted his father during his vacations, attending school in the New Garden, S. C., boarding school. He afterward taught school one term and was overseer of his father's cotton factory about two years before commencing the study of medicine. In 1856 he began the study of medicine with Dr. Clark, remaining with hima year. He then read with D-. Woollen and subsequently, in the winter of 1859- 60, attended lectures at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa. In the spring of 1860 he attended the University in New York, and the following winter graduated from the University of Pennsylvania. He located in Economy, Ind., and has gradually built up a good practice. He has been a hard student and has met with good success. In the spring of 1883 he took a special course of lectures at Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York. Dr. Clark owns a fine farm of 170 acres which he carries on in connection with his practice. He is industrious and energetic, and has by his own efforts accumulated a fine property. His grandfather, Dr. David Worth, was a prominent physician of North Carolina, and Ue. a wide reputation in an early day. Dr. Clark was married Dec. 25, 1867, to Matilda J., daughter of Isaac and Luziema (Williams) Conley. They have four children - Eva C., Edmund D., Maud L. and Myrtle E. Dr. and Mrs. Clark are members of the Society of Friends.

T. E. Clark, merchant, Economy, Ind., was born Dec. 12, 1834, the eldest of twelve children of William and Lonisa (Worth) lark. His early life was devoted to study, and after leaving school he was as clerk in his father's general mercantile store, remaining there till 1859. He then came to Wayne County, Ind., and purchased a half interest in the store of Barnabas Coffin, an old merchant of Economy. In 1864 B. W. Clark bought Mr. Coffin's interest, changing the firm name to T. E. & B. W. Clark. They haye been very successful and for several years have been engaged in the manufacture of tile, in connection with their other business. They also own about 600 acres of land and superintend its cultivation. Oct. 5, 1862, Mr. Clark was married to Nancy Goodrich, daughter of Judge Edmond B. Goodrich, of Randolph County. She died June 6, 1882, leaving three children - Louie, Nellie and John G. Mr. Clark is a member of the Society of Friends, as was also his wife.

William Clark, deceased, was born in Randolph County, N. O., Oct. 22, 1808, a son of Dugan and Nancy (Wilburn) Clark, natives of North Carolina, of Scotch and Irish descent. He was reared on a farm and when eighteen years of age began learning the tanner's trade, serving an apprenticeship of three years. He then attended school a short time and subsequently worked at his trade several years, and also was engaged in packing and corning pork. In 1837 he became established in the mercantile business in New Salem, N. C. In 1848 he assisted in organizing a cotton factory in Randolph County. He was one of the principal stockholders and was chosen the superintendent. He sold his store and stock, and gave his entire attention to the factory. In 1860, on account of his aversion to slavery, he removed to Wayne County, Ind., where he carried on a farm and also engaged in merchandising. Mr. Clark was married Jan. 23, 1834, to Louisa, danghter of Dr. David and Eunice (Gardiner) Worth, of Guilford County, N. O. They hada family of twelve children, all of whom are living. They were members of the Society of Friends. Mr. Clark died May 21, 1873.

John Conely, harness-maker, was born in Hagerstown, Wayne Co., Ind., March 20, 1848, a son of Benjamin and Annie (Kinsey) Conely. Heremained at home till eighteen years of age, attending school and working with his father at the saddler's trade. Sept. 11, 1864, he enlisted in Company H, 140th Indiana Infantry, and served till July 11, 1865. In 1866 he went to Brownsville, Mo., and worked at his trade as a journeyman a little over a year, then returued to Wayne County, and a year later went to Winchester, Randolph County. In 1873 he went to Geneva, Adams Co.,

Ind., and engaged in business for himself a year and a half. He then went to Spiceland, but not liking the location settled in Franklin, where he remained till 1879. He then came to Economy, where he has built up a good business. Mr. Conely was married Sept. 11, 1873, to Emma C., daughter of Lindsey and Irena (Thornburg) Dennis. They have one child - Maxie Eulalie. Mrs. Conely is a member of the Society of Friends. Politically he is a Republican.

Lewis W. Cranor was born in Green Township, Wayne Co., Ind., Jan. 17, 1846, a son of Thomas and Louisa (Lewis) Cranor. He was educated in the common schools and was reared to the life of a farmer, owning at present 160 acres of well-improved land, where he has lived since 1869. He also makes a specialty of raising fine stock. He was married Oct. 3, 1867, to Minerva Bailey, daughter of Henry and Anna Bailey. To them have been born three children - Lenna, Ottie and Mabel. Mrs. Cranor is a member of the United Brethren church.

Rachel Davis was the daughter of Elihu and Sarah (Mills) Swain, and was born on Lost Creek, in Jefferson County, Tenn., Aug. 15, 1802. She removed with her parents to., Perry Township, Wayne Co., Ind., in 1815, where she attended the early schools of the settlement under the tuition of John Canaday, Thomas R. Stanford and John Underhill. She acquired a better education than most persons of her time and followed teaching for some years. Jan. 18, 1826, she was married to John Thornburgh, son of Walter Thornburgh, and resided near by and in the town of Economy till his death, Dec. 10, 1841. The fruit of this marriage was seven children - -Sarah Jane, born Nov. 12, 1826, married Reuben Evans, who afterward died in Michigan, now resides in Texas; Mary Eliza, born March 19, 1829, married Larkins Maulsby: and lives in Iowa; Milton E., born Aug. 7, 1831, married Margaret Calhoun, served three years in the Thirty-sixth regiment of Indiana Volunteers in the late war, resides now in Missouri; Orlistus W., born Jan. 8, 1834, married Genette Deputee, served also in the army, was discharged at the close of the war, resides in Richmond; Martha E., born May 22, 1836, married Aaron Conley, after his death married John W. Good; Elihu S., born July 14, 1838, died Sept. 4, 1839; Cynthia Emeline, born July 6, 1840, married John R. Allen, who died and she then married James Allen; died in Kansas, March 22, 1875. Mrs. Thornburgh married Elihu Davis March 10, 1843. They resided in Economy and vicinity till his death, April 10, 1875. Rachel Davis was a birthright member of the Society of Friends. When the separation took place in that society in 1842-3 on the subject of slavery, she cast her lot with the division known as Anti-Slavery Friends. When the barriers to anti-slavery work which caused the division were removed so that most returned to the ancient fold, she chose to identify herself with the Wesleyan Methodist church, of which she is an honored and consistent member. She has heard the proclamation of emancipation from the highest officer in the nation, and her own sons have aided in making that proclamation a reality to the slave. And, further, she has lived to see a generation arrive at manhood and womanhood that never can know the odium once attached to Abolitionist. The temperance cause has received no small part of her attention during life, and her zeal and interest seem to increase with years. Rachel Davis is now in the eighty-second year of her age, and her mind is clear and vigorous. She does her own housework, and lives an active, cheerful, and contented life. Her society is sought and enjoyed by a large circle of friends of all classes and ages. John L. Dean, farmer and stock-raiser, was born March 25, 1835, in Clay Township, Wayne Co., Ind., the youngest son of Frederick and Polly (Brook) Dean, natives of North Carolina, who came to Wayne County about the year 1830. His father died before he was five years of age and he had to assist in the management of the farm at an early age, receiving only a limited education' at the common schools. He resided with his mother till he was twenty-four years old, when she again married, and he purchased the old homestead, where he resided till 1870. He then sold out and purchased a farm on section 31, Perry Township, living there six and a half years, where he traded farms with his father-in-law, where he Has since lived on section 3, Perry Township, and has 160 acres of fine land. April 15, 1865, he married Caro line, daughter of Milo and Susan (Cain) Lamb, by whom he bas had four children - Dora, Flora (deceased), Jessie M. and Wyatt. Mr. Dean is a Republican in politics. His wife is a member of the United Brethren church.

Daniel W. Hiatt was born in Clinton County, Ohio, Jan. 31, 1817, ason of Eleazer and Anna (Williams) Hiatt, both natives of Guilford County, N. C., of English and Scotch descent. His father was born Oct. 2, 1783, and his mother April 17, 1789. They moved to Ohio in 1816,and to Wayne County, Ind., in January, 1818, where his mother died the same year. His father afterward married Gulielma Sanders, who was born in Guilford County, N. O., Dec. 23, 1784. Eleazer Hiatt was by trade a potter and bricklayer, and worked at his trade seven years after coming to Wayne County. He then bought a farm three miles east of Richmond, where he lived four years, when he moved to Newport, now Fountain City, and engaged in the mercantile business eight years, at the same time carrying on a pottery. In 1835 he moved to Washington, and was subsequently engaged in farming and merchandising till after the death of his second wife, when he retired from active business and lived with his children. He was an energetic, industrious man, and always alive to the interests and welfare of the community. He was specially active in anything that tended to advance the cause of temperance. He represented his county in the Legislature one term in 1825, and served as Magistrate seven years. Our subject remained with his parents till twentythree years of age, excepting one year spent in Illinois. He was married Aug. 26, 1841, to Melinda, daughter of William and Rebecca (Coffin) Mendenhall. In 1846 he bought his first farm, and four years later sold it, and a year later bought a farm in Randolph County. In 1852 he sold his farm and bought the one where he now resides. Mr. and Mrs. Heath have had a family of eight children - Edwin W., Eliza Ann (died at the age of eighteen years), James A., Olive S., Lindon C., Emily R., Rebecca Ann and Esther ©. They are members of the Society of Friends. Politically Mr. Hiatt is a Republican.

John W. Jordan, son of William and Mary (McLelland) Jordan, was born in Perry Township, Wayne Co., Ind., July 2, 1815. His early life was spent in assisting his father on the farm, receiving buta limited education. By applying himself to study at home he acquired sufficient education to enable him to teach, a vocation he followed two years. He subsequently purchased 107 acres of land on sections 24 and 25,and made additions to it from time to time till now, after dividing his land with his children, he has 220 acres reserved for his own use. In anearly day he had to take his wheat to Lawrenceburg, where he sold sixty-three pounds for 50 cents. Hereceived $1.25 a hundred for his hogs. Feb. 24, 1841, he was married to Catherine, daughter of William and Mary (McShirley) Davidson. To them have been born twelve children, of whom eight are living - Rachel J., Thomas J., William D., Smith McLelland, America L., John Russel, Emma J. and Carrie L. Mr. Jordan and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Thomas J. Jordan, farmer and stock-raiser, was tse in Dalton Township, Wayne Co., Ind., March 7, 1845, a son of John W. and Catherine (Davidson) Jordan. He was reared a farmer, and has been very successful in that vocation. In 1867 he went to Randolph County, but three years later returned to Wayne County, and settled on land entered from the Government by his great-grandfather. He has a good farm of 168 acres all well improved. Feb. 21, 1867, he married Sarah A., daughter of Z. M. and Mary (Legg) Cecil, a native of Delaware County, Ind. They have four children - Elmer C., Mary A., Charles R. and Florence S. Mr. and Mrs. Jordan and their family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Jordan has been a local preacher since 1870.

Allen L. Lamb, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Perry Township, Wayne Co., Ind., June 29, 1836, a son of Milo and Susan.(Cain) Lamb. His education was received in the subscription schools, residing with his parents till manhood He then purchased a farm of sixty acres. on section 3, near the old homestead, but six years later sold it and bought the farm whiere he now resides. He has 122 acres of good land, all well cultivated. June 29, 1855, he was married to Rebecca Cox, who was born April 17, 1838, a daughter of William and Hannah Cox, natives of North Carolina, but early settlers ot Wayne County. They have one son - ElmerJ., born July 22, 1857. Mr. and Mrs. Lamb are members of the United Brethren church. Politically he is a Republican.

Milo Lamb, retired farmer, was born in Indiana, June 5, 1811, third son of Thomas and Hannah ( Lewis) Lamb, natives ef Randolpk County, N. C., of English and Welsh origin, who came to Indiana about 1809 or 1810. In 1816 his parents moved to Wayne County and in the following year his father entered ten acres of Government land on section 3, which he cleared and improved, residing there about twelve years. He then sold his farm and entered 160 acres of unimproved land, where he followed farming until his death in 1852. He was an active member of the Methodist Episvopal church. His widow survived him about twelve years. Our subject has lived in Wayne County since he was five years old, a period of sixty-seven years. His youth was spent in assisting his father clear the farm, and in attending the subscription schools a short time during the winters. He was married Sept. 25, 1835, to Susan Cain, a native of Wayne County, Ind., and a daughter of John and Susannah Cain, natives of North Carolina. Of the seven children born to this union, six are living - Alien L., William S., Thomas M., Caroline, John H. and James M., all living in Wayne County. Joseph A. died in infancy. Atter his marriage, Mr. Lamb purchased a farm of eighty acres, partly improved, on section 8, where he followed farming about thirty years, with good success. Three of his sons served in the the late war; one served during the war; one lost his health and was discharged before his time of enlistment expired, and one served nearly two years. Mrs. Lamb died March 26, 1875, and Mr. Lamb was again married Oct. 22, 1877, to Mrs. Julia Ann (Given) Thornburgh, widow of Walter Thornburgh, an old settler of Wayne County, who died in December, 1851. She had two children by her first marriage - -Mary J. and E. P.

(Jacobs) Manning, natives of Connecticut. His father was by occupation a farmer and school-teacher, and in 1824 came to Wayne County, Ind., and entered 160 acres of land on section 5, Perry Township, where he built a cabin and opened a school. He remained here six years and then returned to Connecticut, and was married. Three years later he came again to Indiana, remaining here till his death, Sept. 24, 1852. His wife died Nov. 14, 1874. They had a family of four children, two of whom are living - George B. and Emeline E. The deceased are - John L. and Henry H. Our subject was married Aug. 27, 1857, to Susan C., daughter of Harvey and Lutitia Lamb. They have had ten children; eight are living - Dora, John M., Ulysses G., Cora, Carrie, Florence, Edgar I. and Blanche. Aurilus and Indabel are deceased. Mr. Manning owns a good farm of 275 acres. He and his wife are members of the United Brethren church. Thomas Marshall was born in Knox County, Tenn., Dec. 8, 1811, a son of Hon. Miles and Martha (Jones) Marshall, natives of North Carolina, his father born in 1789, and his mother in 1792. His parents came to Wayne County, Ind., in 1812, and located on Green's Fork, near where Washington is now located, but a few months later returned to Tennessee and remained till the fall of 1813, when they came again to Wayne County, and located on Elkhorn Creek, in what is now Boston Township. In 1816 they removed to Green Township and the following fall bought eighty acres of land in Perry Township. Mr. Marshall held many offices of trust in the township, and served two years in the Legislature- He was Magistrate fifteen consecutive years. Both he and his wife were members of the Society of Friends. Mrs. Marshall died in 1854, and in 1855 Mr. Marshall moved to Dallas County, Iowa, where he died in 1868. To them were born ten children, nine of whom grew to maturity. Our subject was reared on a pioneer farm and received but a limited education in the subscription schools. He remained at home till twenty-two years of age. Nov. 3, 1833, he was married to Cynthia, daughter of Sylvanus and Rhoda (Worth) Swain, who came to Wayne County from North Carolina in 1824. To them were born five children - Clayton, Rhoda,

Swain, Alonzo and Orlando. Mrs. Marshall died Dec. 31, 1851. March 19,1854, Mr. Marshall married Elvira, daughter of Isaac and Eleanor (Thornburgh) Macy. They have two children - Cynthia, Ellen and Elmer Ellsworth. Ofa family of seven children and twenty-four grandchildren, all are living. Mr. Marshall has given his children fair educations and is now enjoying the fruits of his labors in early life. He has been a prominent man in his township and has held the office of Trustee twenty-two years.

Adam Oler, farmer and stock-raiser, section 9, Perry Township, was born in Green Township, Wayne Co., Ind., 'July 25, 1819, a son of Henry and Sarah (Potter) Oler. He resided at home till he grew to manhood, and then began lite for himself. He took the contract of cutting 133 cords of wood, at 314 cents a cord, and 5,000 rails, of Allen Lewis. He was married Feb. 2, 1848, to Elizabeth, daughter of Benjamin and Sarah (Shirley) Ballenger. They have had a familv of nine children, seven of whom are living - Sargh A., Henderson B., Phoebe A., Lewis P., George W., Fanny E., William E. The deceased are - JacobS. and Joseph E. After his marriage Mr. Oler rented land five years, and then bought 120 acres, where he has since resided. He subsequently added to his farm till he had 700 acres, all well improved. He has divided his land with his children, reserving 200 acres for his own use. Mr. and Mrs. Oler are members of the United Brethren church.

Elisha K. Olvey, druggist, Economy, Ind., was born in Randolph County, Ind., near the Wayne County line, July 21, 1839, a son of Edward and Mary (Low) Olvey, natives of North Carolina, who came to Wayne County, Ind., in 1836, and subsequently moved to Randolph County, where our subject was born and reared. He resided at home till the breaking out of the civil war, enlisting Nov. 8, 1861, in Company E, Fifty-seventh Indiana Infantry. He participated in the battles of Stone River, Chickamauga, Shiloh, Corinth, At- Janta and Franklin. At the latter place he was taken prisoner, was taken to Columbus, Tenn., and a short time after, while, as they supposed, en route to Marietta, Miss., he, with three comrades, escaped, near Corinth, and after passing four days and nights of untold hardships, reached the Union lines. In the fall of 1862 he was detailed on the recruiting service, and spent the fall and part of the winter in Indiana, and in November, 1863, was detailed in the same service. He was discharged Jan. 28, 1865. In 1869 he moved to Economy, and opened a drug store, and has built up a thriving business. In 1872 he was appointed Postmaster. Dec. 28, 1868, he was married to Bell, daughter of John and Martha (Johnson) Atkinson, of Wayne County.

Charles Osborn. - Matthew Osborn was a native of England. His son, Daniel Osborn, was born in Sussex County, Del., March 14, 1745, and married Margaret Stout, a native of York County, Pa. Charles Osborn was born in Guilford County, N. C., Aug. 21, 1775. In i794 he moved with his parents to Knox County, Tenn., where he was married Jan. 11, 1798, to Sarah Newman, a native of Virginia. In the fall of 1811 he moved to Lost Creek, Jefferson County, where his wife died Aug. 10, 1812, leaving seven children - James, born Nov. 10, 1798; Josiah, born March 2, 1800; John; Isaiah; Lydia, afterward Mrs. Eli Newlin, born Oct. 6, 1805; Elijah, born Nov. 15, 1807; Elihu, born Feb. 9, 1810. Sept. 26, 1818, Mr. Osborn married Hannah, daughter of Elihu and Sarah Swain, and to them were born nine children - WNarcissa, born June 20, 1814; Cynthia, born Sept. 30, 1815, married A. Liggerfoose; Gideon S., born Aug. 12, 1817; Charles N., born Sept. 20, 1819; Parker B.,born Oct. 14, 1821: Jordan, born Aug. 6, 1823; Benjamin, born Nov. 21, 1825; Sarah S., born Feb. 21, 1828, married J. B. Bonine; Anna, born Aug. 20, 1830, married Jesse East. Charles Osborn was a minister in the Society of Friends. He was the organizer of the manumission societies of Tennessee and North Carolina in the year 1814. Although reared in a slave State his sympathies were early enlisted in the behalf of the slave, and he became his life-long friend. In the fall of 1816 he moved to Mt. Pleas ant, Ohio, where he published the Philanthropist, a religious anti-slavery paper. In January, 1819, he moved to Wayne County, Ind., settling where the town of Economy (which he afterward laid out) now stands. In 1842 he moved to Cass

County, Mich., and in 1848 to Porter County, Ind., where he died Dec. 29, 1850. Charles Osborn wasa minister of some note in the Society of Friends. He visited nearly all the meetings of his church on this continent, and many of them more than once, traveling several thousand miles to accomplish it, much of the time on horseback. In 1832 and 1833 he visited meetings in Great Britain and the continent of Europe. His devotion to the slave, and especially his opposition to colonization, cost him his position in the society, and he was one of the leaders in organizing the society of Antislavery Friends, of which he was a member at the time of his death. His widow lived with her daughter, Mrs. Bonine, till Feb. 12, 1878, when she died, aged eighty-eight years. Isaiah Osborn, ason of Charles and Sarah (Newman) Osborn, was born in Knox County, Tenn., Nov. 25, 1803. In 1816 he moved with his father to Mt. Pleasant, Ohio, where he learned the printer's trade in the office of the Philanthropist, and in 1819 came with his father to Wayne County, Ind. In the fall of 1822 he went to Greenville, Tenn., and worked in a printing office two years for $100 a year and his board, most of the time in the office of the Genius of Universal Emancipation. In the fall of 1824 he returned to Centreville, Ind., and worked on the Western Emporium till the spring of 1827, when he went to Indianapolis and remained a year. He then returned to Wayne County and entered the land on which he afterward lived, the patent bearing date April, 1828. Early in 1829 he was elected Justice of the Peace, an oftice he held four years. In the meantime he cleared his land, planted an orchard, and built a house preparatory to moving to his farm. He also taught school and worked at his trade in the winter. In the winter of 1832 he worked for Septimus Smith, publisher of the Western Times, riding from Economy to Centreville and back each week, attending to the duties of Justice one day in the week and setting the required amount of type, receiving $3 a week for his services. Fora number of years he was Assessor and Collector of Taxes of the northern townships. He moved to his farm in 1833, and there died, June 16, 1846. His educational advantages were limited, but by his own efforts he succeeded in obtaining sut- ficient education to enable him to fill responsible positions in church and State. He was a consistent member of the Society of Friends. June 24, 1829, he was married to Lydia, daughter of Job and Rhoda Worth. She was born in Guilford County, N. C., Nov. 1, 1805, and in 1823, moved with her mother to Randolph County, Ind. To Mr. and Mrs. Osborn were born eight children - Caroline, born Feb. 4, 1831, is the wife of William Edgerton, and lives near Dunreith, Henry Co., Ind.; Charles W.; Rhoda, born Dee. 7, 1834, died Sept. 9, 1859; Edmund B., born Nov. 4, 1836; Lawrinda, born Oct. 1, 1838, married Thomas Ward, of Winchester, Ind.; Narcissa, born Oct. 30, 1840, married Henry W. Charles; died Sept. 24, 1878; Martha W., born Feb. 15, 1843, died March 31, 1848; Eunice, born May 4, 1845, died April 7, 1848. Mrs. Osborn is a woman of rare ability. Left a widow with eight children, the eldest but fifteen years of age, with but little means and several debts incurred by her husband's sickness, she went to work with energy, and succeeded in paying the debts and rearing her family, giving the six that grew to maturity a better education than the 1najority of children at that day received. After remaining a widow twelve years and rearing her children, she married David Maxwell, and moved to Union County, Ind., and from thence to Dunreith, Henry County, where she lived till Mr. Maxwell's death in 1880. Since then she has lived with her son Charles, near Economy. She has been a lifelong member of the Society of Friends, and has held many important positions in the society. Her life has been one of faith and good works, and she still takes great interest in the moral and religions work of the day.

Charles Worth Osborn, son of Isaiah and Lydia Osborn, was born in Economy, Feb. 8, 1833, and for twenty-seven years was a resident of Perry Township. Residing since then within two miles of Economy, though in the edge of Randolph County, his life-work has been almost as closely identified with Wayne County as though he lived within its borders. Up to the winter of 1845~'6 he was sent to various private schools in the neighborhood. His father died when he was thirteen years old, and from that time on for six or seven years he only attended school a few weeks during the winter, staying at home to work a day or two almost every week. After securing the harvest of 1853 he left home with $2.25 in his pocket (the proceeds of the sale of some apples in Hagerstown) to attend the remaining two months of the summer session of the Union Literary Institute - a manual labor school near Spartansburg, Randolph Co., Ind. Here students could pay half their board in work; here he could work more than enough to pay half his board, and sell his time for money to others who preferred to pay all money. In this way he was enabled to pay his way with but little aid from home. He and his sister Rhoda attended the two following sessions of five months each at this institution. At the commencement of the first the board dismissed the Superintendent, and not being able to supply his place till spring, they employed Charles to attend to the duties of the office for the term, which consisted in providing for the table for thirty boarders, superintend their work on the farm, collect and keep an account of their board, ete. This, in addition to five studies and hearing one class recite each day, so occupied his time that for more than two months he allowed himself but four and a half hours' sleep each night. The following session the Superintendent was absent much of the time, and he gave the immediate care of the farm work to Charles, thereby enabling him not only to pay his own way but to assist his sister also. The teacher in this institute was Prof. E. Tucker, a graduate of Oberlin College, and an excellent instructor, and the year spent under this preceptor was the most important of Charles's education. In December, 1854, he began his first public school in Green Township, having obtained a license fortwo years; farmed the next summer, and the following fall and winter taught the first of five sessions in Economy; taught in Greensboro, Henry County, in the spring of 1856, and then went to Antioch College two terms. He taught during the winter and farmed in the sum mer for the most part till 1867, when he left the school-room for the farm, but not without some regrets. His father and sister having died of consumption, and the generally crowded and poor'y ventilated school-rooms of those times subjecting him to frequent colds, he deemed it best to follow an occupa- * tion that would bring him more in the open air. Charles W. Osborn is a minister in the Society of Friends; was Clerk of his Monthly Meeting for seventeen years, and fills other important positions in the church. He has ever been an active worker in the temperance cause, appointing meetings and talking temperance in the surrounding neighborhood, while attending school at the institute. He has been identified with the different temperance movements since that time, and for the past four years has been President of the Economy Temperance League, an organization that has met weekly during this time. He has also been prominently connected with the Sunday-school work of his church and also of Wayne County. In the spring of 1858 he was married to Asenath W. Wood, daughter of Jacob and Phebe Wood, of Greensboro, Ind. They have had six children, three of whom are living. He is now comfortably situated with his family, on a little farm two miles north of Economy.

Edmund B. Osborn was born in the house where he now lives, Nov. 4, 1836, the youngest son of Isaiah and Lydia (Worth) Osborn. He was reared a farmer and was educated in the schools of Perry Township. | When he was nine years old his father died, and his mother subsequently married again. He was married Dec. 12, 1867,to Mary E. Rinehart, daughter of Charles and Mary Rinehart. They have had four children - Charles A., Lydia E., Mary V. and Lloyd Garrison. Mr. Osborn has been a successful farmer, and has surrounded his family with all the comforts of life. He is an ardent worker in the temperance cause, never having used tobacco in any form, drank a glass of liquor nor tasted a drop of whisky ; has not tasted coffee for more than thirty years, neither has there been a cup of it made in his house since he was married except for visitors or work hands. Milk he uses, and advocates the use of the same. He was raised a Friend or Quaker, but isa Freethinker or Materialist.

John Osborn, son of Crarles and Sarah (Newman) Osborn, was born in Knox County, Tenn., Nov. 28, 1801. His early life was passed with his parents, and, like all children of early pioneers, his educational advantages were limited. His innate desire for knowledge, especially for the sciences, overcame all difficulties, and while other boys were spending their leisure hours in sport he was spending his in study. Acquiring a thorough knowledge of mathematics and natural science and a fair acquaintance of literature and art, with but little aid from schools, he did not appreciate the value of institutions of learning. He studied medicine with Dr. Thomas Carroll, first in Richmond and going with him to St. Clairsville, Ohio. He completed his studies but never practiced, giving as a reason that it did not deserve the name of a science as medicine was so uncertain in its effects. He turned his attention wholly to the culture of fruit and to the nursery business. To him, more than any other man, does Wayne County owe the reputation she has had for nearly fifty years, of the quality of her fruit. Before starting his nursery in Economy, in 1833, he walked to Long Island and back again, to obtain the best varieties of fruit grown in the East, carrying the cuttings in his hand; and in grafting did not lose a single variety. After testing them, if he became convinced that any variety was not suited to this section he rejected it. He was also particular 'to whom he sold trecs, saying he wished to sell only to those who would take care of and be benefited by them. His close observation enabled him to tell one variety of tree from another as readily as a backwoodsman distinguishes the different forest trees. Not . only Indiana, but Michigan, Illinois and Iowa are largely indebted to him for fine fruit trees. He took pleasure in studying the laws that govern the growth of vegetables and plants, cultivating them year after year to obtain a particular variety. For forty years prior to his death he kept a meteorological record, making three observations a day, and requested his family to keep it ten years longer. His son Josiah is carrying out his wishes. Valuable geological specimens collected by him are stillin the possession of his family. Mr. Osborn was married May 9, 1833, to Rachel, daughter of Josiah and Polly Johnson, of Dover, Wayne Co., Ind. Seven children were born to them - Amanda M., born Jan. 30, 1834, died Jan. 4, 1835; Emily, born Jan. 23, 1837; married Elisha Wright; died Oct. 24, 1855; Elim, born Dec. 16, 1888, is a resident of Economy; Ellen, born Dec. 8, 1843, married Robert Haxton; Josiah, born Jan. 19, 1846, also a resident of Economy; Sarah Zerelda, born July 15, 1853, married Benjamin Limming, July 18, 1881, and died Feb. 14, 1883; Martha, born Nov. 30,1855. Mr. Osborn died May 2, 1874. His widow still resides in Economy.

Lewis Peirce was born on the farm where he now resides Nov. 18, 1833, a son of John and Annie (Jones) Peirce, his father a native of Lancaster County, Pa., and his mother of Guilford County, N. C. His parents were married in Ohio, and in 1820 moved to Wayne County, Ind., and bought eighty acres of unimproved land. He afterward entered a tract of land in Perry Township, which he improved, living there till his death in May, 1874. His wife died in 1864. They had a family of thirteen children, but four of whom are living. Our subject remained at home till manhood. In 1856 he purchased the old homestead, where he still lives. He was married Oct. 23, 1857, to Hannah, daughter of Jonathan and Priscilla Cain. They have had four children but two of whom are living - Roy and Byron. Webster and Annie are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Peirce are members of the Methodist Episcopal church.

David Petty was born in Perry Township, Wayne Co., Ind., June 29, 1826, a son of Josiah and Sally (Sheets) Petty. His education was limited, being obliged when quite young to work as a hand on the farm. His mother died when he was sixteen years of age, and he then served an apprenticeship at thetailor's trade. That being too confining he afterward learned the shoemaker's trade, and as was then the custom, went from house to house, and, made shoes for the family. After reaching his majority he worked by the day one season and then rented a farm three years. He then bought eighty acres of land which he improved and subsequently sold it for double what he paid, and bought the place where he now lives, which he added to from time to time till he had 200 acres. He was married May 8, 1850, to Rhoda, daughter of Daniel and Sarah Shaw. They had six children, five of whom are living. Mrs. Petty died in July, 1864. In October, 1865, Mr. Petty married Ann, daughter of Peter and

Catherine Wright. Seven children were born to them, all living. His wife died April 10, 1876, and March 6, 1878, he married Marion, daughter of William Gentry. Mr. and Mrs. Petty are members of the Baptist church.

Josiah Petty, deceased, was born in Surry County, N. C., May 10, 1790, a son of Zachariah and Nancy Petty, natives of England, who came to America prior to the Revolutionary war. Our subject's early life was spent in assisting his father on the farm and in the distillery, and his educational advantages were limited. In 1811 he came to Wayne County, Ind., and carried on a distillery, but, subsequently, on account of the troubles incident to the war of 1812, he went to Ohio, remaining there nine months, when he again came to Wayne County. He built a distillery in Perry Township and ran it till 1834 or 1835, and then went to Randolph County and remained three or four years. He returned to Wayne County and located in Cambridge City, and in 1840 moved to Miami County and settled near Peru. In 1851 he returned to Wayne County. He was married in 1817 to Sally Sheets, a native of Ohio, of Scotch descent. They had a family of nine children, eight sons and one daughter, seven of whom are living. Mr. Petty was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church many years, but in later life he united with the United Brethren church. He died April 15,1878. His wife died in 1840.

Daniel B. Robbins, deceased, was one of the most prominent citizens of the county, a man of indomitable energy and great force of character, a leader of men, yet quiet and unobtrusive, wielding his great influence by a quiet demeanor and a firmness that showed the strength of his character, and a latent force that gave success to all his undertakings, either in business, political or social life. Mr. Robbins was born in Adams County, Ohio, April 18, 1825, and was the third son, of Philip and Phcebe (Caldwell) Robbins. His father removed to Wayne County in 1832, and settled in Perry Township, near the village of Economy, where he grew to man's estate. His education was limited, receiving, however, the full instruction given in the public or district school. On reaching his majority he left the paternal homestead, and started out to seek a fortune by his own unaided exertions. He found a clerkship first in a store in Huntsville, Randolph County, where he remained nearly or quite a year, and then returned to Economy and entered the store of Barnabas Coffin in 1847, who was at that time one of the leading merchants of the county. By his engaging manners, proinpt business character, and prudent habits, he became a partner in the business after a few years of clerkship, and continued as such until 1856, when he sold his interest to his partner, and in a short time started business for himself in the same town. His steady habits and genial character made him many strong friends, and he received from them a liberal patronage, as also from the rich farming community, of which Economy is the center. Thus pleasantly surrounded, he continued the mercantile business for thirty-six years, being considered, as a merchant and a man, one of the leading spirits, and always ready to contribute of his wealth to the deserving and the needy,yet never in this for public favor or praise. Oct. 25, 1855, Mr. Robbins was married to Marticia, daughter of Barnabas and Marion (Worth) Coffin,who came trom Randolph County, N. C., in 1840 and became prominent among the cultivated and hospitable people of Wayne County. There were born to them four children, three daughters and a son. The latter, Seward B., one of the most promising and intelligent youths of this section of the State, died ere he had scarcely reached his majority, mourned as only a loving son and brother could be by those who knew his worth and general unselfish traits of character. The three daughters are named respectively, Corinne E., Annie J. and Alma C. With a most pleasant home and all the surroundings that culture, refinement and wealth could give, death took him in his relentless grasp, and Daniel B. Robbins closed his earthly career Dec. 26,1882, yaourned by his family and a large circle of friends.

George W. Robbins, M. D., was born in Adams County, Ohio, March 15, 1820, son of Philip and Pheebe C. (Caldwell) Robbins, natives of Westmoreland County, Pa., who removed to Ohio in 1815, and in December, 1829, came to Wayne County, Ind. Our subject received but a limited education in his youth, but being ambitious studied at home and obtained some acquirements. In 1841 began the study of medicine in

Ohio, finished up his coursein Economy, Ind., and commenced practice in 1844, where he has had a lucrative and successful practice ever since. Graduated in the Ohio Medical College in the winter '62 and '63. He was married to Julia W. Forsyth, of Pittsburg, Pa., Oct. 17, 1848, to whom have been born five children, viz.: Sarah J. (deceased), John F., Byram ©., Florence May and Hattie V. The subject of this discourse has been studying the parasitic theory of disease for many years, and on this basis got up a remedy in 1879, known as ''Robbins's Antiseptic Compound," and after using it without a failure for eighteen months his friends solicited him to place it on the market, so that their distant friends might obtain its benefits, and its use has been fraught with more success, and it has received greater encomiums than any remedy in the same length of time.

George W. Scantland, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Culpeper County, Va., June 18, 1831, ason of George W. and Catherine (Burdett) Scantland, and when a child came with his parents to Wayne County, Ind. They lived in Dublin one year, then moved to a farm three miles south of Milton, residing there three years. The family then moved to Delaware County, where the father died, leaving his wife with seven children, our subject being the fourth child. When he was ten years old his mother died, and he lived with his sister till he was fifteen years of age, when he came to Wayne County. When he was nineteen years of age he began learning the carpenter's trade, serving an apprenticeship of two years with Calvin Marshall, after which he engaged in business for himself in Perry Township, until about 1873. He was married Dec. 18, 1853, to Annie Hollingsworth, a native of Ohio, but reared in Perry Township, Wayne County, Ind. They have had twelve children - Rachel E. (deceased), Aura Melinda, Elvira Josephine, Elmer Ellsworth, Sarah Alice, Edgar Allen, Hannah Lovinda, Emma Caroline, Oliver Howard, Frankie ©. and Freddie L. (twins), the latter deceased, and Harry Ernest. After his marriage Mr. Scantland moved to his farm on section 22, Perry Township, and engaged in agricultural pursuits, and is now the owner of

Thomas Swain was born June 7, 1830, in Wayne County, Ind., a son of Elihu and Mary (Worth) Swain, and grandson of Elihu Swain, Sr. His grandfather came to Wayne County from Tennessee in 1815, and settled on the farm where our subject now resides. He had a family of six sons and three daughters. Elihu, Jr., was born in Tennessee in 1800. He was married in 1827 to Mary, daughter of Job and Rhoda Worth. They hada family of eight children, six of whom are living. He died in 1847. His wife died Aug. 31, 1874, aged sixty-four years. They were members of the Society of Friends. Our subject was educated in the common school. After the death of his father he lived with his grandfather till manhood. He was married July 7, 1853, to Belinda, daughter of Lemuel and Keziah Underhill, and granddaughter of John Underhill. Oftheir nine children seven are living - Alanson W., Elihu B., Jennie E., Nora B., Ottie, Cynthia and Bernie. Seward L. and Viola are deceased. Politically Mr. Swain affiliates with the Greenback party.

Elvin Thornburgh was born Sept. 3, 1821, in what is now Dalton Township, Wayne County, asonof Jacob and grandson of Walter Thornburgh, one of the early settlers of Wayne County. Our subject was reared on a frontier farm, receiving only a limited education at the log-cabin subscription schools. His mother died when he was nine years old, and he was bound out to Jesse Greenehurst, with whom he lived till he was twenty-one years of age, after which he was variously employed, such as driving hogs to Cincinnati, chopping cord wood, ete. He was married Feb. 9, 1842, to Damaris M. Locke, born July 3, 1826, and daughter of William and Damaris (Mills) Locke. After his marriage Mr. Thornburgh purchased a farm in Delaware County, Ind., which he sold soon after and bought 160 acres on Martindale's Creek, Wayne County, since which he has accumulated a good property, and in 1881 he moved to Economy, having retired from active life. He and his wife are active members of the United Brethren church, of which he has been Class- leader, and Mrs. Thornburgh has been a minister, for many years. They had five children, three of whom are living - John M., Jacob Albert and William Lewis. Mary Ann and Martha Ann (twins) died in infancy.

John M. Thornburgh, farmer and stock-raiser, was born Jan. 24, 1846, in Perry Township, Wayne Co., Ind., eldest son of Elvin and Damaris (Locke) Thornburgh. He received a common-school education, residing on the home farm till Sept. 21, 1864, when he was married to Sarah F., daughter of George and Eliza (Francisca) Foland. She was born in Preble County, Ohio, and came to Wayne County, Ind., with her parents when a child. Mr. and Mrs. Thornburgh have two children - Emma L. and Bertha L. After his marriage he lived two years in Dalton Township, Wayne County, and from there moved to Perry Township, where he resided eight years. He then resided in Henry County, Ind., seven years, and in 1881 returned to the old homestead in Perry Township, where he has 160 acres of well-cultivated land. He and his wife are members of the United Brethren church.

William L. Thornburgh, youngest son of Elvin and Damaris (Locke) Thornburgh,was born April 24, 1855, in Perry Township, Wayne County, Ind. He was educated at the common school and reared on the home farm till he grew to manhood. He engaged in farming for himself when eighteen years of age, which he successfully followed till 1877. He has since been trading in stock, real estate and loaning money, in which he is meeting with much success. He was married Jan. 3, 1875, to Jennie E. Cook, born Dec. 14, 1857, and daughter of Joseph and Mary (Swain) Cook, of Perry Township. They are the parents of two children - Harry E. and Damaris May (twins), born Aug. 7, 1878.

John Underhill, one of the prominent pioneers of Wayne County, was born in North Carolina, Aug. 15, 1775. His father, John Underhill, came to America from England about 1770, at the age of sixteen, and was a blacksmith by trade. John Underhill, Jr., in early life developed those traits of character and those superior natural endowments which enabled him to rise above the difficulties which surrounded him in his boyhood and young manhood days, and to become one of the most noted men of his neighborhood, especially in the field of education. He very early developed a passion for learning, and soon mastered all the branches, then taught in the very imperfect district school of that day, and reached a position where the average teacher could not aid him further. He attended a boarding-school for a few weeks, after which he undertook the task of educating himself. He became well versed in history and in the polite literature of his day and time. But it was in the field of mathematics that he excelled, and made himself felt. He explored almost every domain of this important branch of science, commencing on the lowest round in the ladder, resting not until he made himself very familiar with, and proficient in, the same. At an early age he turned his attention to teaching and surveying in his native State. At the age of twenty-five he went to Tennessee, where he continued to teach. His teaching was mainly in a private school, and such was his skill as a teacher that he soon built up a large school. Even men who occupied positions in the higher schools of learning came to him for assistance in some of the higher branches of mathematics. He was married to Jane Jones, who was born in North Carolina, and who moved to Tennessee at the age of seven. Mr. Underhill was strongly opposed to slavery, and not wishing to rear his family in a slave State, he came to Wayne County, locating at Economy, where he entered immediately upon the practice of his profession as a teacher, and had soon built up a flourishing private school, which came to be the most famous in its day and time. About 1815 he and a few others were the authors of the constitution of the first Manumission Society ever organized in the United States. He reared a family of twelve children to maturity, and died Sept. 1, 1834, and his wife's death occurred Sept. 14, 1869. Their youngest child, Jesse B. Underhill, was born Oct. 9, 1829, on the farm where he now resides and where he was reared. His education was obtained in the schools of his township. He resided with his widowed mother till he grew to manhood and assisted and cared for her till her death. He has followed farming through life, and is making a specialty of blooded stock. He was married Sept. 6, 1869, to Sue Bowers, a native of Pennsylvania, who came with her parents to Wayne County in 1863. They are the parents of five children - John M., Edward F., Alfred C., Annie J. and Emmie Armina.

John Lewis Weyl was born in Perry Township, Wayne Co., Ind., April 7, 1847, a son of John J. and Jemima (Peirce) Weyl, his father a native of Germany, born Aug. 18, 1800, and his mother a native of Ohio. His father came to America in 1818, and was married Jan. 23, 1829. He was by trade a tanner, but also carried on a farm. He died Dec. 14, 1876, aged nearly seventy-seven years. His wife died July 11, 1881. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. To them were born eleven children, six of whom are living. Our subject remained with his parents till manhood. June 5, 1866, he married Polly A., daughter of Caleb and Luzetta (Dean) Mendenhall. To them have been born four children - Glena, Caleb Olsen, Fred Deloss, and Augustus. Mr. Weyl has a good farm of eighty acres, and also deals in live stock. He and his wife are members of the United Brethren church.

Daniel B. Williams was born Aug. 19, 1849, in Green Township, Wayne Co., Ind., eldest son of Jesse and Mary Ann (Mendenhall) Williams, the former a native of Pennsylvania, and the latter ot Wayne County, Ind. Daniel was educated at the schools of Economy, and was reared in Wayne County, with the exception of two years spent in Randolph County. At the age of twenty he began learning the carpenter's trade with George Scantland, of Perry Township, with whom he worked two years. He was married Sept. 9, 1878, to Marilla, daughter of Thomas Cranor, of Green Township. Two children have been born to them - Charlie E., born Oct. 5, 1875, and Louie Pearl, born April 22,1878. After his marriage Mr. Williams removed to the farm where he now resides, engaged in farming and stock-raising, having 114 acres of land in a high state of cultivation. He belongs to the Society of Friends, and his wife is a member of the United Brethren church. .

John M. Williams was born in Blount County, Tenn., Oct. 24, 1812, a son of Richard and Rachel (Mills) Williams, and grandson of William Williams, a prominent minister of the Society of Friends in Wayne County. His father was born in North Carolina, Dec. 31, 1786, of Welsh descent. His mother was of English descent, born April 25, 1786. They were married: in 1805, and in 1813 came to Wayne County, Ind. In 1836 they removed to Michigan, but a year later returned to Indiana and located in Porter County, where Mr. Williams died July 7, 1849, and Mrs. Williams Dec. 31, 1849. They had a family of ten children, seven of whom are living. Our subject attended the early subscription schools, but being ambitious, improved his education by _ studying during his leisure hours at home. In 1841 he wert to Muncie, Ind., and began the study of law with Walter March, and was admitted to the bar in 1842. He practiced law and engaged in the mercantile business till 1849, when he went to California, but a year later returned to Indiana. He has held many offices of trust in the township, and has served as magistrate thirty-five years. March 17, 1852, Mr. Williams married Sophia, daughter of John and Rachel Cate. They have had four children - Olarkson, Mary, George W. and William, the two eldest deceased.

Joseph Williams was born in Jefferson County, Tenn., Jan. 9, 1805, the youngest of three sons of Joseph and Sophia (Thornburgh) Williams, natives of North Carolina, his father dying a short time prior to our subject's birth. In 1819 his mother and her three sons came to Wayne County, Ind., and in 1820 she entered 240 acres of land, which she divided with her sons. She subsequently married Obadiah Bennett, and moved to Centreville, where she resided till after Mr. Bennett's death. She then returned to Economy, and lived with her son Joseph till her death, June 3, 1862, aged eighty-one years. Our subject was married April 14, 1825, to Martha Robert, a native of Pennsylvania. They had one son - Thomas B., who was born May 22, 1827, and died Dec. 26,1882. May 25, 1848, he was married to Abby Bouroughs, and to them were born five children, four of whom are living. - Josephine, Jennie, Joseph and Nannie. His wife died Aug. 5, 1870, and Dec. 24, 1872, he married Ellen Goodrich, of Randolph County. To them was born one son - Charles G.