Baker Township (part 2 of 5)

Instkuotions To Judges

The Judges on animals will have regard to the symmetry, early maturity, size and general characteristics of the breeds which they judge. They will make proper allowance for age and other circumstances of the character and condition of the animals. They are expressly required not to give any encouragement to over-fed animals.

The Judges (especially those on animals) will be expected to give the reasons for their decisions, embracing the valuable and admirable qualities of the animals, or articles, to which premiums are awarded.

This fair was held as advertised, and was highly successful. A further account cannot be given. The receipts and expenditures for the following year (1856) were as follows :

The early fairs were all held just east of Bloomington, on the land of Mr. Dunn, where a small yard was leased and inclosed. The limits of the yard would not permit of racing. Annual fairs were held until the war, when they were abandoned, ,but were again renewed in 1868, and continued with a few interregnums until a few years ago, when they became defunct. The later fairs were held on the new ground, west of town. The officers of the society in 1859 were as follows, with the rates of admission : John McCrea, President ; Ezra Perring, Vice President ; Thomas Smith, Treasurer; James Small, Secretary; Pressley Buckner,- James H. Waugh, John Dinsmore, George A. Buskirk, George Eller, W. S. Stormont, M. L. Snodgrass, Board of Managers. Terms of Admission - Each individual per day, 25 cents ; each horse and buggy per day, 50 cents ; each horse per day, 25 cents ; each two horses and carriage or wagon per day, $1.

A very popular organization was the Equestrian Fair, established in 1857. It was a district organization, as will be seen by the following programme :

Open to the World - Second annual fair of the Union Equestrian Society, composed of Lawrence, Monroe and Owen Counties, to be held at the District Fair Grounds, near Gosport, Ind.. on Thursday and Friday, the 21st and 22d days of October next, 1858. The exhibition grounds, containing thirteen acres, are the moot beautiful in the State, well fenced in, with two good wells of water within the inclosure, and a splendid track for gaited horses - three times around for one mile. Two hundred and sixty-five dollars in cash premiums ! So bring on all of your fine saddle, harness and match horses. The premiums are worth competing for. A magnificent premium will be awarded to the beat and second best female equestrian. Also to the best male equestrian. Young ladies and gentlemen from every section are invited to be present and make an exhibition of their proficiency in the art of horse management and equestrian merit. Certainly no art is more desirable than that of complete horsemanship, and every young lady and gentleman in our proud Hoosier State should possess some just claim to proficiency in the art. Come on, then ; if you cannot make the display that your friends can, come and do your best, which is laudable.

This fair was for many years very popular. It was held alternately at Gosport, Bloomington and Bedford, and possibly elsewhere. A Miss Jackson for many years took the first premium as lady rider, in spite of all

Equestrian Fair - To be held on the Woodland Time Track, near Bloomington, Ind., on Wednesday and Thursday, November 11 and 12, 1868. The following premiums are offered: For the best lady rider, $15; second best lady rider, $10; beat gentleman rider, $10 ; second best gentleman rider, $.5 ; best boy rider under fifteen years, $5 ; second best boy rider under fifteen years, $3; best girl rider under fifteen years, $5; second best girl rider under fifteen years, $3 ; fastest pacing gelding or mare, $25 ; second fastest pacing gelding or mare, $5 ; best buggy horse, mare or gelding, $10 ; eecond best buggy horse, mare or gelding, $5; best saddle horse, mare or gelding, three distinct gaits, $10 ; second best saddle horse, mare or gelding, three distinct gaits, $5 ; best pair trained horses, mares or geldings, $10 ; second best pair trained horses, mares or geldings, $5 ; fastest pacing stallion, any age, $25; second fasteit pacing stallion, any age, $10; fastest trotting horse, mare or gelding, $25 ; second fastest trotting horse, mare or gelding, $10. Sweepstakes on trotting and pacing: Fastest pacing horse, mare or gelding, $50 ; second fastest pacing horse or gelding, $25. Four entries to be made, three horses to start.

The Old Settlers

In about the year 1852, an attempt was made at the county seat to organize an old settlers' association, and a call, signed by several of the oldest residents of Bloomington, was made for a public meeting for that purpose, but for some reason nothing further was done. In 1857, however, the first old settlers' society of the county was established, as will be seen by the following, taken from the Bloomington Republican :

OLD settlers' meeting. In pursuance of previous notice for an Old Settlers' Meeting, quite a large number of the old gray-headed fathers and pioneers of Monroe County met in mass at the court house in the town of Bloomington, on Monday, the 26th day of April 1857, for the purpose of organizing a society to be called the Old Settlers' Society, and make sui'able arrangements for its permanent organization. The meeting was called to order. On motion of Mattlicv M. Campbell, Jacob B. Lowe was called to the chair, and Morton C. Hunter appointed Secretary. Col. Campbell, of Washington Township, moved that a committee of five be appointed by the chair to make all necessary arrangements for an old settlers' meeting on the 4th ilay of July next. Prof. M. M. Campbell moved to amend the motion hy striking out the word " fi^e " and inserting " one from e ch township in Monroe County." which amendment vpas accepted by Col. Campbell, and the motion as amended passed. Whereupon the chair appointed the following gentletuen to serve as said committee : Col. Campbell, of Washington Township ; John Hubbird, of Marion; David Birrow, of Benton ; James P. Ellis, of Salt Creek ; John Hanson, of Polk ; Col. Kctcham, of Clear Creek; Joseph S. Walker, of Indian Creek; M. M. Campbell, of Perry ; Ellis Stone, of Van Burefl ; Judge Reeves, of Richland ; James V. Buskirk, of Bean Blossom ; Elias Abel, of Bloomington Township. To which was added Paris C. Dunning and Austin Seward. Eli P. Farmer, of Richland Township, moved that twenty-five years' residence in Monroe County enti'le a man to membership. George A. Buskirk, Esq., moved to amend the motion by requiring each member to be fifty years old, and have resided in the county thirty years, which amendment was accepted by VIr. Farmer. The motion as amended passed. Samuel H. Buskirk, Esq., moved that a committee of nine be appointed to mak» all suitable arrangements for the meeting of the old settlers on the 4th of July, and t^ prepare refreshments for the occasion. The chair appointed the following gentlemen such committee : Samuel H. Buskirk, F. T. Butler, P. L. D. Mitchell, Jisse T. Cox, William Ward, Aquilla W. Rogers, William C. Sadler, Col. L. Gentry, George A. Buskirk. The object of organizing the Old Settlers' Society is, that the old gray-hended fathers may be called together at stated periods for the purpose of enjoying a social repast with each other, and in their own way entertain the meeting by the narration of anecdotes, m well as the hardships and perilous scenes that transpire! during the early settling of this country, in the planting of civilization, clearing up of the lands, and subduing the red man of the forest, as also the dangers, perils and hardships of the war of 1812, that the rising generation may be kept in remembrance of the debt of gratitude that is due from them to their pioneer fathers for the blessings they now enjoy, and that the pen of the historian may record those scenes for the benefit of generations that may come after us

All will therefore come prepared fo narrate the various incidents that came under their observation. The various committees above named will meet at Bloomington on Saturday, the 19th day of June, to make all necessary arrangements for the meeting, which is to lake place on the 4th of July next. No committeeman should fail to attend. On motion, the proceediags were ordered to be published in the Bloomington Rrpublican. On motion adjourned.

The first meeting of the old settlers occurred on the day stated, but unfortunately a detailed account cannot be given. It is said that 1,500 persons were in town. A fine dinner was enjoyed by the old people, who afterward told over their experiences in settling up the county. The following, taken from the Republican of 1858, gives an account of the second meeting of the old settlers of Monroe County :

Old Settleks' Mebtino

Pursuant to previous notice, the old settlers of Monroe County met at the court house, in the town of Bloomington, on the 17th day of September, 1858 The meeting was organized by calling Col. John Ketcham to the chair, and appointing Milton McPhetridge Secretary. I'lie proceedings of the meeting were opened by an appropriate prayer by the Rev. Eli P. Farmer.

On motion of Austin Seward, Benjamin F. Rogers was admitted to all the rights and privileges of the old settlers, he being forty years of age and the first white male child born in the county.

The Chairman requeated every person who was iifiy years old and upward, and who had resided in t.he county thirty years, to come forward and have theirnames, ages and plaoei of nativity registered, whereupon eighty- eight came forward and were duly registered.

Gen. Lowe, who was selected by the committee of arrangements to deliver an address, not. being present. Rev. Eli P. Farmer was called upon; and addressed the meeting in a brief, appropriate speech, detailing many interesting incidents connected with the early settling of the couniy. He was followed by Col. John Ketcham, M. M. Campbell, John M. Saddler, James V. Buskirk, Rev. Solomon Lucas, wnd others, each giving an account of his trials and har Iships in the settling of the county, and of their bear, wolf, deer and panther hunts, many of which were truly amusing, and were listened to with much interest, not only by the old settlers, but by a large number of citizens who had assembled on the occasion.

On motion of Mr. McCoUough, it was tesolved that the next annual meeting of the old settlers be held at the same place on the 17th day of September, 1859, and that each member bring his wife, and those that have none are requested to get one, or bring a widow ; also, that all old settlers who have mt registered their names are requested to do so previous to the next meeting; and, on. further motion of Mr. McCoUough, Col. John Ketcham was appointed Chairman, and Milton McPhetridge Secretary, to serve until the next annual meetini;.

At half-past 1 o'clock, a procession was formed, and after marching around the public square, the old settlers, with many others, repaired to the "Young's House," and sat down to a sumptuius dinner prepared by mine host, .Jacob Young. The tables were well filled with everything necessary to satisfy the most fastidious.

The best kind of feeling prevailed throughout the day, no incident occiirring to mar the harmony of the meeting. After d'nner was over, the old men got together, in groups, and talked over bygone scenes. All seemed to enjoy themselves, and will long remember the haopy meeting of this day. The company dispersed at a late hour without any formal adjournment.

Places Of Nativitv

Kentucky, 30; Virginia, 24; North Carolina, 10; Tennessee, 8; Maryland, 6; Pennsylvania, 4; Indiana, 3; Ohio, 1 ; Vermont, 1 ; Delaware, 1. By order of the Committee of Arrangements.

John Ketcham, Chairman. Milton McPhetridge, Secretary. After this, annual meetings were held until the war, when they were abandoned. In about the year 1866, the society was reorganized and held meetings until 1870, when the society joined the district society at

Gosport. But this did not last long, and soon afterward the old organization was revived. It died out once or twice after this, but at the present is in good working order with annual meetings held in various portions of the county. If the old settlers would be as wise as they have been during the long years since they came into the wilderness, they would record their experiences - their hunting stories, trials, dangers, sickness, surroundings, etc., etc. - so that future generations might know what they endured. As it is, they unwisely come together to tell their experiences without putting them on record. At each annual meeting, let a competent clerk be hired (pass around the hat and raise the funds) to place on record the stories, facts, etc., regarding the county in early years, and let the record be kept locked sacredly in the court house vaults.

An independent society of old settlers was organized at Ellettsville in 1878, as will be seen from the following oflScial minutes of the first meeting:

In honor to Uncle Jimmy Parks, this being his Ninety-seventh Birthday . - At 11, there were about 3,000 people on the ground, and the exercises proceeded as follows: 1. A song by congregation - "Sweet By and By." 2. Piayer by Eev. E. P. Farmer. 3. Music by Old Badd. 4. Song by all over seventy years of age. Song, " Jesus, Lover of My Soul." 5. Elected D. Byers, President, William MoNutt, Secretary. 6. Speech by James Parks, Sr. 7. The Autobiography of James Parks, read by Elder R. Parks. 8. Music by New Band, followed by Old Band. 10. Short speeches hy all over eighty. Robert Graham, E. P. Farmer, J. Campbell, Elias Abel and L. VValden participated. 11. A. W. Reeves, Master of Ceremonies, announced dinner adjournment. 2 P. M. . 1. Music by Old Band. Speeches by all over seventy years old called for. A. Mills, of Spencer, addressed the meeting. 3. Music by Hoadley String Band. 4. Speech by David Byers, who made a very appropriate speech, and thanked the people for conferring upon him the office of President. Then oime to the front Abraham Henry dressed in ancient style - with a bark-colored scissor-tailed coat, with an enormous collar which made his head lean slightly forward. He made us a good speech, producing a splendid sensation. 5. Song by the Galloway family, "The Old Hearth Stone." This was an excellent piece, and was well performed. Speeches by J. Manis and R M. Parks were next. 7. Closing speech by Rev. S. C. Kennedy - presenting a wreath of beautiful flowers to Mr. Parks and wife, as an emblem of honesty and beauty, unsurpassed by the arts of men.

Some relics were exhibited by thn Rev. G. N. Puett and Johnson Shirp, calling the mind back to years gone by. 9. Ordered the Secretary to publish the minutes of the meeting in the Sun, requesting other county papers to copy. Adjourned to meet at this place on the 26th of September, 1879. Benediction by R. M. Parks. The following roll of honor was prepared at the meeting and rend:

Roll Of Honor

James Parks, ninety-seven years of age; Francis Parks, eighty-seven; Biddie Cox, sev enty-eight; Susan Wickens, seventy-eight; Elizabeth Kirby, eighty-two; Elizabeth Parks, seventy-eight; Sarah Coifey, seventy-five; Rebecca Fig?, seventy; Martha Corder, seventyfour; Rebecca Munson, seventy-three; Mollie Reynolds, seventy; Mania Buskirk, seventyfour; Verlinda Walden, seventy-six; Esther Griffith, sixty-eight; Permelia Hansford, sixty-eight; John Roan, seventy-six; John M. Berry, seventy-four; \Y- G. Anderson, eightyone; Robert Delap, seventy-five; Jacob Wood, seventy two: Rev. Eli P. Farmer, eighty

Stanger, seventy-nine; Joseph Campbell, eighty-three; James Hannah, seventy-three; John Matthews, seventy-two; Mary Campbell, seventy-four; Elias Able, heveuty-eight; John Fyffe, seventy-seven; John Raper, seventy-seven; Anderson Mills, seventy-four; David Byers, seventy-two; Abraham Henry, sixty-three; Jacob Holsaple, seventy-four; Hosia Kyle, eighty-three; Joseph Wampler, seventy-eight; Ransom Parks, seventy-seven; Hiram Coifey, seventy-six; Joseph Baker, sixty-eight; Eld. Lewis Walden, seventy-seven; Andrew McCoy, sixty-seven; Jonathan Kegley, seventy-three; William Brown, seventy-one; Jane Moore, eighty-two.

The above honored fathers and mothers were seated upon the rostrum. G. K. Perry and G. W. Faulkner assisted the Secretary in enrolling the names. G. B. Moore, J. M. Harris, Barton AcuflF, S. P. Thompson, J. D. Coffey, A. W. Reeves and Johnson Sharp, Committee. G.K.Perry, Marshal. Ample dinner vfas served on theground and the 26th of September was an enjoyable day in Ellettsville. The best of order prevailed. With these honored veterans on the rostrum, the vast crowd felt like children, whose duty it is to honor our mothers and fathers. David Byers, President.

An early law of the State (the one which brought the county of Monroe into existence) provided that ten per cent of the proceeds of the sale of town . lots should be used to found and maintain a county library. A treasurer was appointed to take care of the fund. The first purchase of books was made in 1821, when $60 was spent for a few dozen standard works. They were bought of B. Ferguson, whoever he may have been. By July, 1830, $2,428.14 had been paid to the Library Treasurer, the greater portion of which had been used in purchasing books, so at that period the county had a fine library of about 800 volumes. In 1830, $1,272.68 was received from the Town Agent and another installment of books was obtained.

In September, 1830, settlement was made with the County Agent for the library fund in his possession, which settlement in full was as follows :

The ten percentage from the sale of town lots proved a munificent fund for the maintenance of the library. As no record was kept of the purchases, the additions to the library cannot be given. As volumes wore out by use or otherwise, they were replaced from the constantly accumulating fund. This old library, now comprising over 2,000 volumes of standard works, is yet in the same old office that was built during the twenties. The McClure library, founded during the fifties, was another useful mode of disseminating knowledge among the poorer persons, but the cheap books and newspapers of to-day have taken the place of the old circulating county libraries.

In early times, it should be remembered, the free common school system of to-day was unknown. Scholars then paid tuition to all schools. As the Weight of the expense fell upon families less able to sustain it, the system, if such it can be called, was not favorable to the education of the masses. And then there was the lack of higher educational facilities. All this led to the creation of centers of learning where private or public enterprise or individual donations or bequests were the sustaining or maintaining power. The County Seminary was designed to afibrd each county the means of furnishing a higher education to her youth within her own borders, and for many years was a very popular institution. The funds were obtained from fines, forfeitures, etc. In July, 1829, the fund in Monroe County amounted to $443.89. About six years later, the fund amounted to nearly $2,000. At that time the old brick seminary building was built and school in it was begun. In 1852, when the new school law was adopted, the seminary was ordered sold, and was bought by the Methodists, but soon afterward went back to the county and was used for school purposes until purchased by Mr. Leppert a few years ago. It is now used as a dwelling.

It is conceded that Jesse Brandon published the first newspaper in Bloomington, beginning about the year 1826, having come from Corydon with his material, at which place he had formerly been State printer. It was not long before Jacob B. Lowe became his associate. The paper was called the Bloomington Republiean, as is shown by the County Commissioners' records, where orders appear payable to Brandon & Lowe, publishers of the Bloomington Republican for printing done the county. The name of the paper indicates its politics. How long the issue was continued cannot be stated, but not longer than until 1829. About the 1st of January, 1830, W. D. McCullough & Co. began issuing a small sheet called the Independent Whig. It was a small five-column folio, was furnished for $2 per year, and its motto was "Measures, not Men." The sheet became defunct in 1831. On the 15th of September, 1832, Jesse Brandon and Marcus L. Deal issued the first number of the Far West, an exponent of the Whig faith, with the motto, " Willing to praise but not afraid to blame." D. R. Bckles was the publisher. The paper survived about two years. During the summer of 1832, Mr. Deal had begun the publication of a semi-monthly periodical called the Literary Register, an issue devoted to the interests of the Indiana College ; but when the Far West was started in the following September, as stated above, the -Register was abandoned. About the Ist of June, 1835, Marcus L. Deal issued the first number of the Bloomington Post, an organ of the Whig party. I. H. Brown and I. N. Morris were associated with him at times. This paper was continued eight or ten years, selling for $2 a year in advance, or $3 at the end of the year. In October, 1838, the first number of the Ben Franklin made its appearance, with Jesse Brandon at the helm. The politics of the sheet was " First choice, Harrison ; second choice. Van Buren." How long this paper was conducted cannot be stated. Mr. Deal, for a short time, published the Budget of Fun, date unknown. Late in the forties, C. Davison published the Herald, a Whig paper, for several years, and during a portion of the same time J. S. Hester conducted another of opposite politics. About the same time, also. Elder James M. Mathes published a monthly periodical called the Ohristian Record in the interests of the Christian Church. He also issued a weekly newspaper called the Independent Tribune and Monroe Farmer. C. G. Berry and Jesse Brandon were connected with this paper. The brightest paper up to this time was started in 1852, by James Hughes, and was called the Northwestern Grazette. It was issued about a year and a half In 1853, G. H. Johnson and W. N. Connelly were connected with it. In 1853, Eli P. Farmer and Jesse Brandon published the Religious Times, afterward called the Western Times. In 1854, J. F. Walker and L. M. Demotte bought the Times office, and began issuing the Bloomington Times. This was the first organ of the Republican party in Monroe County. The office was afterward removed by Jesse Brandon to Nashville, Ind. In January, 1854, A. B. and J. C. Carlton started the Bloomington News Letter, a Democratic paper, the editor being A. B. Carlton, a, man of excellent ability. His political animosities were too severe to secure public favor and made him many enemies. The following, taken from the paper and appearing as an advertisement for a boy to learn the printer's trade, shows the political asperity of the sheet:

Wanted Immediaielt. - A boy of sober and industrious habits, between thirteen and fifteen years of age, can have a first-rate opportunity to learn the Printing business by applying at this ofiice immediately. He must be a pretty good reader and speller, and able to read manuscript. He will not be permitted, while under our charge, to use in nnjf quantity, as a beverage, any intoxicating liquor. He must be apprenticed for at least three years - we would prefer five. Any one wishing to learn the business will be taken on a trial of three months.

No Know-Nothing boy, nor one who has Know-Nothing parents, need apply, as we want no one about us who is trained or sworn to lie, or who is taught that falsehood is a venial ofi'ense. J. C. Cablton, Publisher News Letter.

About the last of June, 1856, the office of the News Letter was sold to Howard Coe, who commenced the issue of a seven-column folio newspaper called the Bloomington Republican, the name indicating the politics, and continued the sheet until the 25th of February, 1858, when the office was sold to Clement Walker and W. S. Bush, who issued the paper under the same name. Late in January, 1869, Mr. Bush severed his connection with the office, leaving Mr. Walker sole owner and publisher. Later in the same year, J. F. Walker became connected with the paper, but did not purchase a half interest until 1863. It is said that this paper, during the war and afterward, attained the largest circulation of any paper ever issued in Bloomington. While the Bepubliean was issued, three attempts were made to found successful Democratic papers in the county seat. During the winter of 1857-5"*, C. T. Nixon issued thirteen numbers of the Bloomington Advocate, and durjng the summer of 1858 John B. Borland started the Blooinington Presage, continuing it about three months. It was " a paper reflecting the true principles of Democracy, and which is uncontrolled by bolting demagogues or county politicians." Another Democratic paper was started on the 3d of October, 1863, by C. H. Patterson, and was continued about six months and then abandoned.

In May, 1867, William A. Gabe, the present editor and proprietor of the Bepubliean, purchased the office, changing the name to the Bloomington Progress, and later to the Republican Progress. In about 1874, the office and outfit were destroyed by fire, but were replaced, and the issue has since been continued without interruption. It was issued first as a seven-column folio, but later was changed to an eight-column folio. It is at present enjoying' a fair patronage in all departments. In 1868, Thomas C. Pursel started the Bloomington Democrat, and continued the issue until the entire office was burned in 1872, but within a few weeks the sheet was again published. Mr. Pursef for a time published the Indiana Student, a small periodical devoted to the interests of the State University, and edited by a corps of students. In August, 1875, the Democrat office was sold to 0. G. Hunt and J. V. Cook, who commenced the publication of the Bloomington Times, a Republican organ. A few months after this paper was started, or in October, 1875, H. J. Feltus commenced the issue of the Bloomington Courier, a Democratic paper, which he has issued successfully until the present. The publication has a fair county patronage. In April, 1877, Walter S. Bradfute and a young man named Arnott began issuing a small publication about as large as a sheet of letter paper. It was designed to chronicle local news and pleasantry, and seemed to strike the popular fancy from the start. About the 1st of November, 1877, Arnott left, and since that time to the present Mr. Bradfute has continued the issue alone. The paper is called the Bloomington Telephone. The first increase in size was in the fall of 1878, the second early in 1880, and the third and last in January, 1883. In is now a six column quarto, and is in prosperous conditon. James Marlin conducted a Greenback paper called the True Plan during the campaign of 1878. In 1880, the Bloomington Hawheye was published for a few months. Its political face was Democratic. John East conducted a small campaign sheet in 1880 for a few months.

The only other town in the county where newspapers have been issued is Ellettsville. In 1872 or 1873, Howard L. Morris, editor, and S. B. Harris, proprietor, issued the first number of the Ellettsville Republican, which after two issues passed wholly to Mr. Harris, and Mr. Morris stepped down and out. At the end of two issues, Mr. Harris employed John Walker to edit the sheet, which was done for about six months, after which Mr. Harris assumed the editorial robes for about two years. He then rented the office to Charles McPhetridge, but before the end of that time it went to William B. Harris, son of S. B. After W. B. had

-continued the issue some time, he moved the office to Spencer, but after -about a year returned, and is yet the editor and owner. While he was away, a paper called the Graphic was issued a short time by a Mr. Hyatt. S. E. Harris also issued the N^ews for a short time. The first paper was the Republican, the second the Sun, the third the People, the fourth the Graphic, the fifth the Wews, and the sixth and present one the Monroe County Citizen. The last is now a lively little sheet, and enjoys a thriving patronage.

Early Justices Of The Peace County Commissioners

Bartlett Woodward, 1818 ; Michael Buskirk, 1818 ; James Parks, 1818 ; Elijah Morgan, 1819, vice Parks ; William Lowe, 1820, vice Buskirk ; Henry, Batterton, 1821 ; Michael Buskirk, 1821 ; Elijah Morgan, 182:: ; Joshua H. Lucas, 1823 ; Henry Batterton, 1824, vice Lucas. (In September, 1824, the Justices of the Peace of the county were empowered by law to transact the business previously done by the County Commissioners. The names of these Justices will be found on another page. In 1831, three County Commissioners again took charge of county business.) Joseph Reeves, 1831 ; Samuel Patten, 1831 ; William Jackson, 1831 ; Isaac W. Young, 1832, vice Jackson ; Elijah Morgan, 1833, vice

Seminary Trustees Probate Judges

William D. McCulloch, 1829 ; Aquilla Rogers, 1833 ; Stephen P. Sealls, 1838 ; Henry EUer, 1840 ; William Edraundson, 1840 ; Aquilla Rogers, 1841 ; Jacob B. Lowe, 1847 ; F. T. Butler, 1847. (Rogers enlisted in the Mexican war, and Lowe was appointed in his stead, but for some reason did not qualify, whereupon Butler was appointed.) In 1852-53, the jurisdiction of probate matters was transferred to the Common Pleas Court, and the office of Probate Judge was abolished.

School Examiners And Superintendents

Milton McPhetridge was School Commissioner during the thirties and forties. Robert A. Milligan, James Woodburn and John J. Poynter, Examiners, 1853 ; James Woodburn, Ranson W. Akin and Benjamin Wolfe, 1855 ; James Woodburn, M. M. Campbell and Theophilus A. Wylie, 1856 ; Barnes Woodburn, T. A. Wylie and Elisha Ballentine, 1857 ; E. P. Cole, D. J. Shaw and W. C. Foster, 1859 ; E. P. Cole, 1859-63; D. E. Hunter, 1863; James H. Rogers, 1865; T. M. Hopkins, 1867 ; Edward Wright, 1869 ; James H. Rogers, 1871 ; M. M. Campbell, 1872; G. W. Rumage, 1877; John W. McGee, 1879.

Schools. Schools Receipts

For the calendar year 1821, the total receipts of the county, exclusiveof course of the proceeds of the sale of town lots, were $795.24, and the total expenses $792.80. This does not include delinquent taxes nor outstanding orders. In 1827, the receipts, with the above exception, were $829.57, and the expenditures were $858.37. There had been on hand at the beginning of the year a balance of $190.99, so that at the end of the year there was in the treasury $162.19. These figures must be regarded only as approximately correct. The old records are too ambiguous for exact statements. In 1836, the receipts, with the exception mentioned, were $1,306.40, exclusive of $303.38 which remained from the previous year. The expenses were $955.28, leaving a balance in the treasury of $351.12. In 1839-40, the receipts were $2,226.74, and the expenses $2,450.37. In 1842-43, the county revenue was $8,228.75, and the total receipts $3,411.46. The paupers cost $582 ; the county ofiScers cost $844.70 ; outstanding orders redeemed, $103.42 ; total expenses, $3,411.46; orders outstanding and unredeemed, $1,462.44. In 1846- 47 the receipts of county revenue were $2,540.33 ; County Seminary, $41.88 ; on hand at the beginning of the year, $1,647.33 ; total receipts, $5,887.63. The expense on the poor-farm was $625 ; the paupers, $268.13 ; total expenses, $3,955.30. Owing to certain outstanding orders, the amount remaining in the treasury was $2,175.02. In 1852 - 53, there was on hand at the beginning of the year $422.84 ; county revenue receipts, $3,677.98 ; school tax, $1,919.11 ; Seminary fund, $54.15 ; total receipts, $8,625.55. The poor- farm expenses were $262.40 ; the paupers $456.04 ; the county officers, $1,048.56 ; total expenses, $6,446.44 ; on. hand, $2,179.11. In 1856-57, the county revenue receipts were $9,118.- 11 ; and there was on hand at the beginning of the year $3,047.93 ; total receipts, $30,956.39. The common school fund expended was- $4,148.46 ; poor-farm cost $439.19 ; the paupers cost $899.83 ; county officers cost $1,425.51; total expenses, $26,380.73; old outstanding orders, $2,746.73; total orders to be redeemed, $29,127.46; total orders redeemed during the year, $16,382.04. In 1860-61, there was on hand at the beginning of the year $1,589.06; county rev-

Total

* The townships given not only included all of the present Monroe County, but also a strip three miles wide on the western side of Brown County, and considerable more of the latter county which was yet attached to Monroe. The statistics of Jackson Township cannot be given.

Amount Of

* This entire township (now Perry) was, by Lee^slatiTe enactment in 1820, devoted to the foundation and maintenance of a State Seminary, wMch, m 1828, became the Indiana College, and in 1838 the State University, as it is at present.

The following table shows the enumeration, enrollment, and the number of pupils instructed in the various branches during the year 1881, by townships :

Number Of District

MONROE COUNTY was no sooner organized than it was constituted the district for the organization of the Twentieth Regiment of Indiana Militia, and John Storm was commissioned Colonel, with orders to superintend the enrollment of able-bodied men and the formation of companies. This was in 1819, soon after the war of 1812-15, when the recollection of danger from savages was fresh in the mind, and when the apprehension of danger from the same source was still a matter of daily concern, as the natives were yet a few miles north in the New Purchase. The old habits of watchfulness on the frontier could not so soon be abandoned, and, accordingly for several years, the militia was mustered often and kept in readiness for any outbreak from the Indians. After the removal of the Indians, the muster was still continued for several years, though with steadily lessening interest or concern, and at last, late in the twenties, became little better than a farce. In truth, the system which had been so efficient during the Indian wars, now that danger from that or any other source was past, degenerated into a holiday, where dram-drinking, horse-racing and athletic sports claimed the sole attention of the boisterous crowds. In 1822, John Ketchum succeeded John Storm as Colonel of the Twentieth Regiment of State Militia, but after that the regimental oflScers cannot be named. William Lowe was Brigidier General of the Monroe County Battalion for a time. The only circumstance that roused the militia was the war with Mexico in 1846-47.

The Mexican War

Monroe County furnished two full companies for the Mexican war. Soon after the call for volunteers in May, 1846, the militia of the county met at Bloomington for regimental or battalion muster. The excitement over the war was great, a call was made, and a full company was raised and ready by the Ist of June. The officers were : John M. Sluss, Captain ; John Eller, First Lieutenant ; Aquilla Rogers, Second Lieutenant. This company became A of the Third Regiment, which rendezvoused at New Albany, and left Bloomington on the 15th of June. A beautiful flag was presented the boys by the ladies of Bloomington, Miss Sarah Markle making the presentation speech. Company A was in the battle of Buena Vista, where four or five of the boys (Buskirk, Applegate, Stout and Holland) were killed and about five wounded. The company was mustered out at the end of the year. In 1847, three more regiments were called for from Indiana, and Daniel Lunderman began to raise a company. It was soon completed and became G of the Fourth Regiment. This company was tendered a public farewell by the citizens of Bloomington, who presented the boys with a national banner. The company was with Gen. Scott on his march from Vera Cruz to the Mexican capital, and participated in nearly all of the battles on that memorable and triumphant route. A number of the boys was killed and many more wounded, but their names cannot be given. The company returned at the end of one year. Several were left in honorcdgraves in the land of the Montezumas.

Affairs Preceding The Fall Of Fort Sumter

On the 2d of February, 1860, pursuant to notice, the citizens of the county seat and vicinity, irrespective of party, met at the court house to take into consideration the state of the Union. Judge G. A. Buskirk was made Chairman, and C. P. Tuley and J. B. Mulky, Secretaries. M. C. Hunter, Benjamin Wolfe, Dr. W'. C. Foster, F. T. Butler and Elias Abel were appointed a committee to draft resolutions exptBssive of the sense of the meeting. While the committee were preparing their report, Gov. Dunning was called out. He stated that he was a member of no party until the existing difficulties between the two sections of the country were settled. Prof. John Young spoke against the "Crittenden Compromise," and in favor of the Constitution as it was, but was willing to accept the " Border State Resolutions." The committee then presented the following report :

Jiesolved, That we, the people of Monroe County, are in favor of the resolutions known as the " Border State Resolutions," which are as follows:

2. That the Fugitive Slave Law be amended for the preventing of kidnaping, and 80 as to provide for the equalization of the Commissioner's fee, etc.

4. That Congress shall not abolish slavery in the Southern dock-yards, arsenals, etc., nor in the District of Coltimbia, without the consent of Maryland, and the consent of the inhabitants of the District, nor without compensation.

7. That the line of .S6 degrees, 3il minutes, shall be run through all the existing territory of the United States : that in all north of that line slavery shall be prohibited, and that south of that line neither Congress nor the Territorial Legislature shall hereafter pass any law abolishing, prohibiting, or in any manner interfering with African slavery ; and tliat when any Territory containing a sufficient population for one Member of Congress in any area of 60,000 square miles shall apply for admission as a State it shall be admitted, with or without slavery, as its Constitution may determine.

5. Congress shall have power by law to pay an owner who shall apply the full yalue of a fugitive slave in all cases when the Marshal is prevented from discharging his duty by force or rescue made after arrest. In all such cases, the owner shall have p-^wer to sue the county in which such violence or re«cue was made, and the county shall have the right to sue the individuals who committed the wrong in the same manner as the owner could sue.

Saolved, That " while the lamp holds out to burn, the vilest sinner may return.'' That in view of this Bible doctrine, we hold that all conciliatory measures should be adopted to prevent a collision between the South and the North, and when all the arguments are exhausted, and all conciliation rejected, then we advise coercive measures to be pursued to prevent the desecration and dissolution of the Union. The Union must be preserved at all hazards.

After a warm discussion, the Border State Resolutions were unanimously adopted. The fifth resolution of the Crittenden Compromise met with greater opposition, but finally passed by a fair majority. The resolution presented by Dr. Foster was handled severely, and finally rejected by a majority vote. In the discussion on this resolution, violent and eloquent speeches were made against the adoption of any measures of coercion with the seceded States. Dr. J. G. McPheeters then offered the following :

Resolved, That the citizens of Monroe County, always loyal to .the Union and the Constitution, in view of existing diificulties which threaten the exis'ence of our glorious confederacy, would tender the foregoing (meaning the Border State Resolutions) compromise as a basis of settlement ; but in the evenrif its rejection, are ready to declare for the Union as it is, the Constitution as it is, and the enforcement of the laws.

This resolution also met with fiery opposition. A motion to table the resolution was lost. Messrs. Marlin, Wolfe, B. F. Williams and David Sheeks hotly denounced the resolution as coercive in its meaning. After a sharp war of words and passions, the resolution was finally adopted. The meeting then adjourned. Among those present were Gov. Dunning, Dr. W. C. Foster, Judge G. A. Buskirk, S. H. Buskirk, C. P. Tuley, J. B. Mulky, Isaac Adkins, Isaac Cox, Abraham Smith, M. C. Hunter, Benjamin Wolfe, F. T. Butler, Elias Abel, Prof. John Young, P. L. D. Mitchell, Hugh Marlin, Johnson McCulloch, Dr. J. G. McPheeters and David Sheeks. The most noticeable feature of the meeting was the strong sentiment publicly and ardently manifested not to usej coercive measures in any case with the South. On the other hand, a few citizens warmly advocated the most advanced views of the Abolitionists. The meeting was largely attended, the court room being crowded to its utmost capacity. The various political sentiments manifested at this meeting illustrate the feeling in the county at the time.

Opening Scenes Of The Rebellion

On Monday, the 15th of April, 1861, when the news was received that Fort Sumter had been surrendered to the rebels, great excitement was manifested by all political parties at the county seat. The news spread like a prairie fire throughout the surrounding country, and a large crowd of bewildered and anxious citizens assembled to counsel what was best to be done in the awful emergency. Many were so frightened that their senses and judgment refused to act with usual accuracy, and the first thought was to fly for Canada or the Pacific Coast. A large meeting was held at the court house, on the evening of the 15th, pursuant to call.

to sound the sentiments of the citizens. Unfortunately, a detailed account of this meeting cannot be given. Some five or six of the most prominent citizens and ablest speakers, whose judgment the assemblage was anxious to have and willing to trust, were called out to direct the general mind through the gloom and panic of approaching war to some definite and speedy action. Some spoke passionately for an immediate organization of troops to crush the life from the vandals who had shamefully outraged the national honor. Others, with less fire and loyalty, suggested conciliatory measures, and spoke doubtfully of the right of the Government to adopt coercive measures with the rebellious States. One man spoke severely against the North, especially the Abolitionists, warmly declaring that they were the cause of the fratricidal war ; maintained with great intensity that coercive measures were unconstitutional and unjust, and publicly announced that if he fought at all it would be on the Southern side. As the meeting progressed, it became clear that the great majority were in favor of quelling the rebellion at all hazards without a moment's unnecessary delay. A long series of patriotic resolutions was adopted, declaring as the sense of the meeting that the Union must be maintained, if need be by an appeal to arms. Several citizens earnestly opposed the adoption of one or more of the resolutions.

A few days later, another meeting of equal, or greater, fervor and loyalty was held at the court house,, on which occasion steps were taken to organize a company of volunteers. The enlistment was continued, and the organization was completed on the 20th, and the officers elected were commissioned on the 22d. The company began drilling regularly every day, waiting in the meantime for orders to report to be mustered into the three months' service, or even into the State service for one year, or, if no better could be done, in the three years' service. On the 10th of May, the day set for the departure of the company for Camp Vigo, Terre Haute, a large assemblage of relatives and friends gathered to present the boys a flag, and see them off on the train. This was the first company raised for the war, and was at a time when the sentiments of patriotism were fresh and strong, and when the novelty of military preparations fired the blood with the vehement loyalty of the hour. A fine banner was presented to the company by a Miss Mitchell, it is said, on behalf of the ladies of Bloomington, in a brief speech, which was responded to on behalf of the company by Lieut. Black. At the conclusion of this beautiful ceremony, the company marched down to the depot accompanied by the whole town. Old men who had served in the land of the Montezumas, or even in the war of 1812, were present, giving the boys a kind word of parting advice. Parents were present who saw their boys for the last time on earth. Wives and mothers who had never known the anguish of separation from dear ones at the stern call of a nation at war, stood with pale faces and streaming eyes, tightly clasping the loved forms, and regretiing at the last moment to have them go. At last the train came in, good-byes were spoken with pale lips, and the boys were went into camp of instruction. Considerable dissatisfaction had existed over the selection of the ofiScers, which finally resulted in the division of the company, which formed the basis for two companies. About twothirds of the company remained at Terre Haute under Capt. Kelley, while the other third was transferred to Indianapolis under the command of Capt. W. S. Charles. Both of these incomplete companies sent their Captains and Lieutenants home to recruit their numbers to the lawful limit. This was late in May and early in June. Capt. Kelley succeeded in raising enough men to complete his company ; but Capt. Charles increased his numbers to only about fifty. Kelley's men became Company K of the Fourteenth Regiment, three years' service, and were mustered in on the 7th of June, 1861. The regiment moved to Virginia on the 5th of July. About fifty men of the company of Capt. Charles were from Monroe County, and the others were obtained from various localities. This organization became Company H of the Eighteenth Regiment, three years' service, and was mustered in on the 16th of August, and on the following day was transferred Jo St. Louis, Mo. Milton L. McCullough was First Lieutenant of Kelley's company, and Paul E. Slocum, Second Lieutenant. James S. Black, of Indianopolis, was First Lieutenant of Charles' company, and Hiram W. Rooker, of Noblesville, Second Lieutenant.

Other Companies

In June and July, two or three other companies were organized in the county. Daniel Lunderman, J. 0. McCullough, A. R. Ravenscroft and others raised a full company. James B. Mulky and others raised another company, and J. S. Nutt soon had a company of cavalry. Peter Kop also began to gather around him a squad of volunteers. The bugle was heard in every direction. The small boys of Bloomington had an infantry company that was armed with wooden swords, tin-pans, and other weapons of equal celebrity. It was popular, then, to be a volunteer. It meant a thirst for bl-l-ood. Ladies smiled like the morning at blue uniforms, but gave the frown and cold shoulder to stalwart forms in civilian's dress. Companies drilled almost daily, and attracted large crowds of fond friends who saw no escape for the rebel cowards when the field of gore was reached. All predicted that the rebels would be " licked out of their boots " in a few months.

Another company of volunteers for the United States service left here on Tuesday last for Madison, Ind., where the regiment is lo be formed. The company is under the command of Capt. Daniel Lunderman, of this place, who has had considerable experience as an ofBoer in the recent war with Mexico, and we have no doubt he will faithfully attend to the interests and welfare of the company while they are under his charge. Dr. J. 0. McCullough was elected First Lieutenant and Andrew R. Ravenscroft, Second Lieutenant, whom we have no doubt will be equally faithful to their trust. As many of the volunteers were from the surrounding country, a large concourse of people from different parts of the county were present, U> see them take their departure and to bid their friends farewell. The volunteers were escorted to the train by Capt. Mulky's company of infantry, and took their departure amid a deafening salute of musketry. The Bloomington Cornet Band accompanied them to Madison. We learn that Camp Noble, to which they are assigned, is beautifully situated at North Madison, which is on a high bluff overlooking the city of Madison and the Ohio River.

In the same issue, the 13th, also appeared the following : Reckititinq. - Peter Kop and several other gentlemen of this place are raising a company of grenadiers for the United States service. They admit no recruits under five feet ten inches, and equally stout and able-bodied. We pity the rebel upon whose neck the foot of" Big Pete" shall come down with a vengeance. There will be no chance for him to even say his prayers before his life is crushed out of him. Some of the others engaged in raising the company are among our most athletic citizens. Their recruiting ofiSce, we believe, is at Williams & Sluss' livery stables.

The company, under Capt. Lunderman, became Company I, of the Twenty-second Regiment, and was mustered into the service on the 16th of August at Camp Noble, Madison. About thirty men of this company were from Owen County and elsewhere, notably from White Hall. The regimental commander was Col. Jefferson C. Davis. On the 17th of August, the regiment started for Missouri, where the boys first saw service. The company raised by Capt. Kop and others became F of the Twenty-seventh Regiment, and was mustered into the three years' service at Camp Morton, Indianapolis, on the 12th of September, 1861. Only about half of this company was from Monroe County. During the months of August and September, the enlistment of men was very active. The recruiting officers visited all portions of the county, holding war meetings in schoolhouses and churches, and using every art or artifice to secure men for their companies. Every promise and inducement was held out for volunteers. It was the fashion then for those who exnected to volunteer or those who pretended that they did, to declare that they would enter no company nor regiment that could not see active service on the field of war, and to meet this boastful assertion the recruiting officers invariably announced that their regiments were destined to be sent speedily to the front. Prominent citizens of the county - men of great social, moral and political standing - were taken along by the recruiting officers to give proper assurances of good faith, secure large attendance, fire the blood of young and old with the glory of war and secure a large enrollment of men anxious to vindicate the supremacy of the laws and wreak vengeance upon the vandals who had dared to trample the old flag in the dust. The presence of ladies at these war meetings' was always especially desired, as in their presence it was much easier to appeal to the courage and manhood of fathers, brothers and husbands, and fire them to the pitch of a determination to do their share in the defense of their homes. The peculiarly thrilling eflfect of the sounds of fife and drum was also well known and a rousing martial band was always present. Late in August and early in September, a company of Zouaves was organized at Bloomington. Early in July, the ladies of Bloomington gathered a large box of blankets, towels and other useful articles, and sent the same to the company of Capt. Lunderman at Madison. In September and October, Capt. Isaac S. Dains, Lieuts. Samuel A. Harrah, Albert Adams and others, recruited Company D of the Fiftieth Regiment in Monroe and Owen Counties. About half of the company was from Monroe. Some of ihe men were mustered into the service in August, some in September and some in October. The regiment was organized at Seymour on the 12th of September, and on the 25th of October, it left for New Albany, marching through the country and obtaining a considerable number of recruits. On the 26th of December, it moved to Bardstown, Ky., where it went into camp of in-

Off FOR THE Wak. - Capt. T. S. Dains' company left here for Camp Morton, Indianapolis, on Thursday last. This company was raised mostly in this and Owen Counties - a number of them being from the vicinity of White Hall. While they were waiting for the train at the depot, a beautiful flag was presented to the company from the ladies of White Hall. Gov. Dunning, on behalf of the ladies, made a suitable address on the presentation of the flag, which was responded to by I'apt. Dains in a short address, and by three cheers from the soldiers for their beautiful flag. This makes the seventh company which has been raised principally in this county, and left here for the war. One or two other companies are now raising. Monroe County will be fully represented in the contest.

The companies referred to in this article were the following : Company K, of the Fourteenth Regiment, Capt. James R. Kelley ; .Company H, of the Eighteenth Regiment, Capt. William Stanley Charles ; Company I, of the Twenty-second Regiment, Capt. Daniel Lunderman; Company F, of the Twenty-seventh Regiment, Capt. Peter Kop; Company G, of the Thirty -first Regiment, Capt. Henry L. McCalla ; Company G, of the Thirty-eighth Regiment, Capt. James Secrest ; Company D, of the Fiftieth Regiment, Capt. Isaac S. Dains. The company of Capt. Secrest was raised almost wholly in the vicinity of Ellettsville during the months of August and September, by Capt. Secrest, Lierits. G. K. Perry and James McCormick. When this company left Ellettsville, they were given a fine dinner, at the conclusion of which a beautiful banner was presented them with appropriate remarks, to which the Captain feelingly responded, and the boys testified their approval with loud acclamations. It must not be understood that the seven companies mentioned above were the only ones then in the service containing men from Monroe County. About half a dozen men had left the northern part of the county for Indianapolis at the earliest stage of the war, and had succeeded in getting into the Twelfth Regiment in the three months' service, though they were credited to other counties. So far as known, these were the only men from the county in the three months' service. In the Eleventh Regiment was Chaplain H. B. Hibben, from Monroe. In the Twentyfirst Regiment, which afterward became the First Heavy Artillery, were about ten men from the county. Four members of the Regimental band were credited to Bloomington. A small squad from the northern part entered the Thirty-third Regiment, and was credited to Morgan County. Taking into consideration these facts, and also the fact that several of the companies above mentioned were only partly from Monroe, it may be safely concluded that by the middle of September the county had furnished as many as six full companies. This was a splendid showing.

Cavalry Volunteers

The cavalry company mentioned above, recruited by Capt. Nutt, contained only about fifteen men from the county, the remainder being obtained mostly from Brazil and Delphi. The Monroe boys left for Indianapolis about the middle of September, where they were joined by the recruits from other places, and where an organization was effected. This company became K, of the Second Cavalry (Forty-first Regiment), and was mustered in on the 24th of December. Jephtha M. Ellington, of Ellettsville, became the Captain. In September, 1861, the authorities of the State ordered that in each county a thorough organization of the militia should be at once effected ; and the Governor appointed James B. Mulky Colonel of the Monroe County militia, with instructions to proceed at once with the organization. Under this order, ten companies were organized during the war, as follows : The Hoosier Grays, Morton C. Hunter, Captain, organized in the autumn of 1861; the Ellettsville Clippers, Barton Acuff, Captain, organized in the fall of 1861 ; the Monroe Zouaves, Daniel Shrader, Captain, organized in the fall of 1861 ; the Richland Mountaineers, B. W. Rice, Captain, organized in the fall of 1861 ; the Hoosier Guards, H. T. Campbell, Captain, organized early in 1862; the Harrodsburg Guards, John M. Anderson, Captain, organized in the fall of 1861 ; the Richland Rangers, John Wylie, Captain, organized during the summer of 1863 ; the Hughes Guards, James Mathers, Captain, organized in the fall of 1863 ; the Monroe Guards, Isaac S. Buskirk, Captain, organized in the fall of 1863 ; the Bean Blossom Rangers, Thomas M. Gaskin, Captain, organized in the fall of 1863. Every one of these companies, in some form, saw active service, as they afterward enlisted.

Loyal Mass Meeting

On the 12th of October, 1861, a large Union mass meeting was held at the court house to consider the state of the country. The first speaker was Hon. Paris C. Dunning, who delivered an address of great power and loyalty. He spoke eloquently in favor of pushing the war with all the energy of the North, and favored measures of greater activity and effectiveness in securing volunteers. His remarks were loudly applauded. The second speaker was Judge James Hughes, whose remarks took a bitterly sarcastic, caustic vein, cutting like a sword of Damascus steel at the heart of the rebellion. His splendid eloquence, effective imagery, fierce satire and impetuous logic carried his audience before him like a torrent. As he delivered thrust after thrust of wit and irony, and pungent mockery, he was frequently interrupted with tempests of cheers. It was conceded at the time to have been the best Union speech ever delivered in Bloomington. The loyalty of the meeting was very decided, and had its effect upon all present.

Recruiting

Late in October, Dr. J. G. McPheeters, Surgeon of the Thirty-third Regiment, came home on a furlough, and enlisted a few men for his regiment. About the 1st of November, Wallace Hight, who had superintended the manufacture of a cannon at Seward's foundry in Bloomington, left for Indianapolis with his piece of ordnance drawn by six horses. The gun was made of burnished brass, was a six-pounder, and was an excellent specimen of workmanship. He and a squad of boys from Bloomington were attached to the Ninth Battery. About this time, the attention of the loyal was especially directed to the movement of the armies and to the wants of the boys in the fields and hospitals, and the comfort of the soldiers' families at home more than to the enlistment of men. Early in February, William McCullough began recruiting men designed for the Fifty-third Regiment, and Lieut. Francis Otwell about the same time opened an enlistment office at Fee's store for the Twenty-seventh Regiment, in which was the company of Capt. Kop. He obtained about fifteen men. During the months of November and December, 1861, and

January and February, 1862, Capt. Thomas T, Graves and Lieuts. Alexander Jones and John Phillips recruited about two-thi*ds of a company for the Fifty-ninth Regiment, which rendezvoused at Gosport, 'bBgiaaing in October, 1861. About the middle of February, the regiment went ' South over the New Albany road for the seat of war in Kentucky. The men raised in Monroe County were mostly from the vicinity of Harrodsburg. The company became I of the Fifty-ninth, Capt. Graves. The men of this company were mustered into the service on the 11th of February, 1862. Jesse I. Alexander, of Gosport, was Colonel of the regiment. During the latter part of March, 1862, M. P. Burns recruited six or eight men for the Sixty-first Regiment, which rendezvoused at Terre Haute. Early in April, Lieut. Johnson, of Capt. Lunderman's company (Twenty-Second Regiment), opened a recruiting office in Bloomington. In May, the members of Capt. Kelley's company. Fourteenth Regiment, sent home to their friends $2,000. As this time also the body of Capt. Kelley was brought home and buried. He had been mortally wounded at the hotly contested battle of Winchester, and after lingering several weeks had died at Cincinnati, where he had been brought by his loving and faithful wife for medical treatment. His death cast a gloom of sorrow over the entire county.

Army Correspondence

During the spring months, the columns of the Republican were full of letters from the boys in the army, and while some were dry, others were extremely interesting. The following, written by Capt. Henry L. McCalla, is a specimen of the more interesting letters. - The battle referred to 'was Pittsburg Landing:

Dear Brother - This is Tuesday, and I take this chance to tell you that an awful battle has been fought, commencing on Sunday mo'ning at 7:30 o'clock, A. M., lasting until night, and continued again on Monday. Grimes and I are safe. The company behaved nobly. The Thirty-first will now get its due meed of praise, I think. We lost Orderly Sergeant James F. Fullbright and RoUey Franklin, both shot in the head, and seven wounded, three of them severely - Joseph Lucas, in the hand, slightly; Frank Johnson and Jerry Serrell, in chin, slightly ; John Campbell, in the hand ; Joseph Woolery, in the hip, severely ; Wesley PoIley,in the shoulder; Joseph Gaither, in the face, the ball entering the bridge of the nose and coming out under the ear, cutting the tip of the ear. Many more were gruzed. I had a bullet through the top of my hat. John McPhetridge had his leg grazed, and Grimes was scratched in the knee. We will feel the loss of Fullbright. He was the bravest man in the regiment - so modest and so faithful. We buried our old companions with the honors of war, and marked tljeir graves with neat head-boards.

1 met brother Sam on the field of battle for the first time since he was in the service. Thompson's battery, with which Hight and other Bloomington boys are connected, were in the fight all Monday. They fired 1,200 shots. Our regiment (belonging to Hurlburt's brignde) fired forty rounds in one place, repulsed two attacks on the center. Grimes and I furnished our men with thirty rounds more as they were lying down, and these were all expended by night. The carnage is frightful. The field of battle covers over six miles. Daniel Iseminger (formerly of Bloomington), Captain in an Iowa regiment, was killpd. Our Major, Frederic Am, was killed ; the Colonel was wounded in two places ; Adjutant Rose, wounded ; Capt. Harvey, killed; and other oflicers wounded, all of our regimtfDt. Jo. Roddy bore the colors through all the two days' fight, onward, never faltering, the foremost in the advance, the hindmost in the retreat.

New Companies

In May, 1862, the Fifty-fourth Regiment was organized at Indianapolis for an emergency, and a company was raised in Monroe County by Capt. Daniel Shrader and Lieuts. W. J. Allen "and I. S. Buskirk, which became Company A of this regiment. The regiment, including Company A, commanded by the above officers, was mustered into the three months' service on the 3d of June, and was placed on duty at Camp Morton, Indianapolis. In August, it was transferred to Kentucky, where it remained until its term of service had expired. This regiment was afterward re-organized for the one year's service, but contained no company from Monroe County. Capt. Shrader entered it, however, as Major, and was afterward promoted to the Lieutenant Colonelcy, a most deserving honor. On the 11th of June, James B. Mulky, of Bloomington, was commissioned Major of the Fifty-fifth Regiment, three months' service, and became a very eflBcient officer. Frank A. Rose, of Bloomington, was commissioned Adjutant of the same regiment. These regiments were specially organized to do guard duty at Camp Morton, where a large number of rebel prisoners were confined.

On the 1st of July, 1862, President Lincoln called for 300,000 additional volunteers, and the quota of Indiana was fixed at eleven regiments. The Republican of July 12, said:

MoBE Troops Wanted. - It will be seen by reference to another part of our paper that eleven more regiments are to be raised in our State in addition to those already forming, one from each Congressional District. Thi4 in our district will be, on an average, about 125 men from each county. We trust that old Monroe will promptly furnish her quota as she has done on all former calls. She has now nine companies in the service, besides a number of persms scattered in companies made up elsewhnre - infantry, cavalry and artillery. Now that harvest is past and our young men more at leisure, we think that there will be no difficulty in raising this addition<l quota of troops in Monroe County. The regiment for this district will rendezvous at Madison, and we notice that in some of the adjoining counties companies are already forming to fill up the regtment. Let not Monroe be behind.

But the commencement of the active work of enlistment was delayed. The paper came out in stirring appeals to sustain the honor of the county by voluntary enlistments, threatening that the draft would be resorted to soon if the quota was not filled. Influential citizens of the county began to stir themselves, recruiting officers appeared, and soon war meetings were held with a frequency and intensity unknown in the history of the county. Late in July, Lieut. F. Otwell was commissioned to recruit a company for the Sixty-seventh Regiment and opened an office in Bloomington. Capt. Charles, of the Eighteenth Regiment, came home to recruit for his company. Lieut. W. J. Allen, of the Twentieth Battery, called for recruits. James L. Winfrey, of Bloomington, was also commissioned to raise a company for the Ninety-third Regiment, which was being rendezvoused at Madison. Lieut. Otwell and others raised about twenty men, who became Company B of the Sixty-seventh Regiment, Samuel Denny, of Madison, being Captain. An entire company was raised for the Eighty-second Regiment by Morton C. Hunter, who became the Colonel of the regiment, by Paul E. Slocum, Alfred G. Hunter, Samuel Mc- Wilie, John McKinney, Samuel Guy and others. The men became Company F, Samuel McWilie, Captain; McKinney, First Lieutenant;

Guy, Second Lieutenant. The men were mustered in on the 30th of August, at Madison. A portion of Company I, of the Eighty-second, was raised in Monroe County by William F. Neill, who became its Captain, and by Lieut. H. E. Lundy and others. There were probably not more than ten men in the company from this county. There were more regimental officers from Monroe County in the Eighty-second than in any other regiment : Col. Hunter; Major, and afterward Lieut. Col., Slocum; Adjts., A. G. Hunter and M. E. Bunger; Quartermaster, J. C. AUenworth; Chaplain, M. M. Campbell; Surgeon, W. H. Lemon; Assistant Surgeons, W. B. Harris and R. H. Campbell. On the 1st of September, the regiment moved to Louisville, Ky. About thirty men of Company F, of the Ninety-third Regiment, were recruited by J. L. Winfrey and others, and were mustered in at Madison from the 15th to the 23d of August. These efforts on the part of the recruiting officers and the more prominent and loyal of the citizens came within a close figure of relieving the county from the draft. The county was really ahead of her quota, but some of the townships were behind. The draft was intended to bring the " stay-at-homes " to the front.

On Saturday, September 6, the citizens of the county assembled at the court house and listened to a long able address on the state of the country from Hon. Joseph A. Wright, ex-Governor of the State. It was a fine specimen of oratory, and was loyal to the core. On the following Monday, the citizens again assembled to listen to Hon. Joseph E. Mc- Donald, who delivered an address of great power. He strongly favored a cessation of hostilities.

The Draft Of October 6, 1862

The first draft had been announced to take place on the 15th of September, 1862 ; but at the last moment, to give all counties behind abundant opportunity to redeem themselves, the date was postponed to the 6th of October, at which time it occurred throughout the State. The Draft Commissioner was Ira Browning; the Marshal, W. J. Alexander, and the Surgeon, J. D. Maxwell, for Monroe County. On the 19th of September, the Enrolling Commissioner reported the following facts to the Adjutant General : Total militia, 1,828; total volunteers, 1,039 ; total exempts, 298 ; total conscifentiously opposed to bearing arms, 3 ; total volunteers in the service, 840 ; total subject to draft, 1,527. At this date (the 19th of September), the county lacked twenty -two men of having filled her quota, as follows : Benton, 1 ; Salt Creek, 4 ; Polk, 12 ; Clear Creek, 8 ; Indian Creek, 2. This number was reduced to one man by the 6th of October, and this deficiency was in Salt Creek Township. A man was drafted there, and in a few minutes after the draft was made, a volunteer was reported from that township, and accepted, thus virtually clearing the county from the draft of October 6, 1862.

Continued Enlistments

In September, Capt. Daniel Shrader, who had taken a company into the special three months' service of 1S62, the same being Company A, of the Fifty-fourth Regiment, was commissioned to raise another company for the same regiment, re-organized for the one year's service. He established a recruiting ofiice at Bloomington. For some reason, he did not continue, but was soon appointed Major of the Fifty-fourth. About the 23d of September, Bloomington, and indeed all of Monroe County, in common with the southern half of Indiana, was thrown into the most intense excitement by the news that Bragg's forces were rapidly marching upon Louisville with the intention of capturing and sacking the place ; and at the same time a dispatch was received from Gov. Morton, who was {hen at Louisville, urging an immediate organization of the militia to be held in readiness to march at a moment's notice in defense of that city. A meeting was promptly held at the court house, and the nature of the emergency explained by Judge Hughes. An adjournment was taken until the evening, but during the afternoon nearly a full company of volunteers was raised, which was fully completed at the. evening meeting, and the ofiicers elected as follows : Francis Otwell, Captain ; Henry Eller, First Lieutenant; W. H. McCullough, Second Lieutenant. Early the next morning, the company was armed, and was then ready to march at a moment's warning. Within a short time, however, it was learned that Bragg would not touch Louisville, and the company disbanded.

Suspension Of Active Work

After October, but little attempt was made to enlist men for the war during the colder months. The people eagerly watched the movements of the contending armies, and waited anxiously for details as soon as it became known that a great battle had been fought. The Repuhliean was filled with letters from the army. The following, referring to the battle of Stone River, or Murfreesboro, is a sample :

From The Eighty-Second Regiment

Messrs. Editors - Our brigade, except the Eighty-second Indiana (it had been to Nashville to guard a train through), arrived on the field of battle Welnesday morning about 11 o'clock, and were quickly formed in "line of battle " on the right center. There they lay vfithout blankets until the battle closed, but were not brought into action until Friday evening, just at dark.

The cannonading was fearful on our side, the rebels using very little; but above the roar of the cannon could be heard the shrill shriek of the shells as they took their way through the air, making a noise, as the negroes expressed it, which seemed to say, " Whar is ye?"

I rode up to where our batteries were playing, and there for the first time saw the rebel banner, some half mile away, floating defiantly to the breeze ; but not many minutes was it permitted to float undisturbed. Our batteries leveled on it, and it passed away - whether cut down by our balls or removed by the rebels, I could not determine. It started a train of thought which was very soon interrupted by the descent of a stiell not more than twenty feet distant. Fortunately for me, it did not burst. I changed my position, still intent on watching our batteries, when one of those vicious little Mississippi rifle balls passed across my horse's flank, and buried itself in the earth. My curiosity was satisfied ; I had business of importance up the road. The firing only ceased when darkness rendered it necessary.

Friday was a repetition of the others, until about 3 o'clock in the afternoon, when suddenly there arose a noise on our left that would have drowned the noise of the loudest thunder; peal upon peal arose from the throats of some sixty cannon and 20,000 muskets, all combined to make one of the most fearful sounds ever heard. It was caused by the rebels trying to take our batteries. A desperate charge it was, and most desperately were they repulsed. The loss of life and limb were fearful on both sides. This desperate charge lasted about three hours, when night again shed her mantle o'er the scene of carnage, to shut out, as it were, the horrible sight. It was just at nightfall that the First Brigade was brought into action. They were sent out to make a reconnoissance in force. They succeeded in drawing the enemy's fire, and returned it with vigor. We had none killed, and but eleven wounded.

Saturday was a day of skirmishing throughout. Sunday, the rebels evacuated. Monday, we took possession. Thus closed one of the hardest fought and most sanguinary battles of the war. It was a battle for Tennessee; both sides resolved to do their best. The victory was not as complete as it might have been under other circumstances ; but I think it will decide the matter in Middle Tennessee at any rale.

Our loss in killed and wounded amounts to about 7,000 ; taken prisoners, 4,000. We lost ihirty-nine pieces of artillery, eight of which were recaptured, leaving thirty-one in their hands. The rebel loss, as near as I can determine it (and my chances to do so are very good), is about as follows : Killed and wounded, 8,000; taken prisoners, 7,000. We captured nine pieces of artillery, and quite a Lumber of small am s, provisions, etc. Gen. Dill was killed early on Tuesday morning - shot through the eye ; Gen. Willich was wounded and taken prisoner. I shall not attempt a list of the names of imr officers killed and wounded - ^you have that already. There are many little incidents connected with the fight that I may give you at a future day. For the present, I must remain,

There was no time during the continuance of the war when some of the men were not at home on a furlough. Some who had been racked by the dreadful camp diseases came home to be nursed back to life and health by loving friends. Others, emaciated beyond recognition, with bloodless faces and tottering steps, came home only to die in the arms of sobbing friends. Others came back, discharged from the army with broken constitutions, to slowly die from the eflFects of the ravages of war. Sad stories of heroic death on the battle-field, where lead fell thick as a thunder shower, and where the sickening fear blanched the faces of the brave, were told proudly in peaceful Northern homes. One brave boy from the county, in the thickest of the rain of dreadful death, who received a gaping wound that was mortal, raised himself partly up and exclaimed, "Oh God, if I could see my wife!" and fell back a corpse. And this was war !

Disloyal Mass Meeting

On the 24th of January, 1863, a large meeting was held by the disloyal element of the county at the court house, on which occasion Judge Eckles, of Greencastle, was the principal speaker. He was an able man, and delivered a rousing speech. He took an ultra position in opposing a further continuance of the war, and was enthusiastically applauded by his andience. He denounced the administration of President Lincoln in the severest terms ; heaped the responsibility of the war upon the Republican party, especially the Abolitionist wing ; declared that the South were justified in their course in view of the danger to their favorite institution - slavery - and insisted that not another man nor dollar should be furnished to continue the unnecessary and wicked war. A series of resolutions was adopted embodying the Substance of the speech, and the crowd dispersed, several cheering for Jeif Davis and cursing " Old Lincoln." The State Sentinel spoke highly of the ''spirit and determination of this meeting." Several savage fights occurred during the day.

Four weeks later, an enormous Union meeting was held at the court house, Capt. Capps, of East Tennessee, and Col. Hawkins being the principal speakers. Both delivered excellent, loyal addresses. Jacob B. Lowe was Chairman of the meeting, and Maj. James B. Mulky, Secretary. The following preambles and resolutions were unanimously adopted :

Whebbas, We are now engaged in a deadly struggle in defense of and for the perpetuity of every right dear to us as American citizens, and which requires the united efforts of all good, true and loyal men. And,

Whereas, We have beheld, with deep regret and abhorreucp, the malignant partisan spirit in our Srate, the tendency of which is to paralyze and frustrate the measures of the Federal and State authorities in their patriotic endeavors to suppress this infamous rebellion; to create and diffuse sece<sion and treasonable sentiments among the people ; and, finally, precipitate them out of the Union, and into a league with the Southern Confederacy, and into entangling alliances with France, or other foreign powers. Therefore,

1. yZesoZiifrf, That we tender to Gov. Morton our warmest thanks for his untiring zeal in organizing, arming and equipping the gallant army which Indiana has tent to the tented field, and for his timely and tender attention to the wantfj of our sick and wounded soldiers, and assure him of our unswerving support in his efforts to maintain for Indiana her present proud position for pre-eminent loyalty, and ttie high character of her citizen soldiery.

2. Resolved, That we hold in utter detestation, and execrate any man, or class of men, who, in this struggle for our national existence, are found fomenting and making factions, and malignant partisan opposition to either the Federal or State authorities, in their efforts and measures for the vigorous prosecution of the war, for the suppression of this causeless, wanton, and Godless rebellion.

3. Re^olvfd, That we unqualifiedly repudiate and denounce any and all propositions for an armistice or compromise with the traitors, other than those uniformly offered to them by the proper authorities of the Federal Government, viz. : That they ground the arms of their rebellion, return into the Union, and be obedient, law-abiding citizens to the government of our fathers, as they made it. and consecrated it with their precious blood, and as by their dying request they enjoined upon us to preserve and defend it, and transmit it unimpaired to our posterity.

4. Resolved, That cowardly and traitorous demagogues at home shall never precipitate us into the attitude of requiring the noblest army of freedom the world ha? ever seen to ground their arms ia front of the most perfidious, inhuman and redemptionless army of traitors and outlaws that ever disgraced the annals of the earth.

5. Reeolved, That this rebellion must and shall be effectually and forever crushed out, leaving a lesson upon the pages of our history which, ag long as it shall continue to be read, will over-awe and deter rebellious and wicked spirits and the enemies of freedom and the human race from ever again attempting to deluge with the precious blood of our brothers and sons this otherwise prosperous, free and happy land.

This meeting and the resolutions adopted had a most excellent efiFect upon the county, and greatly encouraged the loyal citizens during that gloomiest year of the war - 1863. A week later, another Union mass meeting of equal intensity and enthusiasm was held at the court house, the speakers being Gen. Kimball, Hon. J. A. Matson, Col. McCrea, Revs. ' Hopkins, Farmer and Hearb. Several of these speakers were Democrats, but all spoke earnestly of continuing the war. The speakers addressed one of the largest assemblages ever in the county seat.

A Curious Editorial

Scarcely any attempt was made during the spring months of 1863 to raise volunteers. The citizens waited and watched. The following article was published as an editorial in the Republican of April 18:

We learn that our old friend, A. Sutherland, sutler to the Fifty-ninth Regiment, was fined $10 and costs in the Common Pleas Court the other day for bringing to this county and harboring a " pontraband "picked up somewhere in the South, and who accompanied him home on a visit some weeks since. Good enough for you, Aleck. We have niggers enough here now, and we hope all who violate the lajvs by bringing them into the State will be compelled to pay the penalty.

Resistance To Military Law

In April, the news of the outbreak in Brown County near Georgetown was received, which led to a public meeting of the citizens at the court house, where a long series of resolutions condemning such treasonable riots was adopted, and where preparations to thoroughly organize the militia company to be in readiness for such an outbreak in Monroe County, should one occur, were made. Francis A. Otwell was elected Captain of the company, and active drilling was begun. About the same time the citizens of Van Buren Township met at Schoolhouse No. 3, and organized a militia company. John Koons was Chairman of the meeting, and W. M. Crossfield, Secretary. In June, the enrollment of men liable to do military duty was begun in the various townships of the county. The members of the Enrolling Board for the Third Congressional District were Simeon Stansifer, Provost Marshal ; John R. B. Glasscock, Commissioner; Albert G. Collier, Surgeon. In April, 1865, James B. Mulky succeeded Stansifer as. Provost Marshal. Col. John McCrea was appointed Provost Marshal for Monroe County in June, 1863. In one portion of the county the enrolling officers encountered forcible opposition. On Friday, June 19, an armed force of about eighty men surrounded W. F. Hensley, enrolling officer of Indian Creek Township, while discharging his duty, and compelled him to give up his enrolling papers, threatening him with death if he revealed the names of any present. Mr. Hensley, however, promptly informed the authorities at Bloomington of what had happened; and so great was the wrath of the "Butternuts" that his neighbors thought best to place a guard around his person. On the foillowing Wednesday, Col. Biddle, with about six hundred members of the Seventy-first Regiment, and a company of the Third Cavalry, arrived at Bloomington, and encamped just north of town. Col. McCrea, with several assistants and the cavalry company, immediately started for Indian Creek Township, where he arrested about sixteen persons supposed to have been the leaders of the outrage, and recovered the enrolling officer's papers. The persons arrested were sent to Indianapolis to be examined by the United States District Court. No further trouble was encountered. About the 26th of June, a section of the Twenty-third Artillery, embracing two brass 12-pounder guns arrived at Bloomington and encamped. All this display of force completely checked all further resistance to the enrollment or enlistment. Before this, the " Butternuts " had been arming and drilling in one or more portions of the county, but now they were completely subdued.

The Rebel Gen. Morgan

On Monday, the 22d of June, the news was received that the rebel Gen. Morgan, with a large force, had penetrated Indiana from Kentucky, and was advancing upon Paoli, Orange County. All the bells in town were hastily rung, and soon a large crowd of excited citizens assembled at the court house. A company of over one hundred "minutemen" was speedily formed and organized under the command of Capt. I. S. Buskirk, and service was tendered the Governor by telegraph. No answer was received until late at night, when it was learned that their services would not be needed. 'They accordingly disbanded.

New Calls For Volunteers

On the 15th of June came the call of the President for 100,000 six months' men, and immediate steps were taken to raise a company. An enlistment office was opened over Fee's store. Those who were especially active in obtaining volunteers were W. B. Hughes, J. Rutledge, W. C. Smith, Michael Gabbert, H. C. Gabbertand J. H. Miller. By the 31st of July, the company numbered about seventy- five men, when they were ordered to report at Indianapolis, which they did on that day. There they remained until August 15, recruiting in the meantime their ranks from Monroe County to the lawful number of men, when they were mustered into the service, and on the sam.eday sent to Kentucky. The men became Company I of the One Hundred and Seventeeth Regiment, six months' men, and were officered as follows : Captain, William B. Hughes ; First Lieutenant, Jechonias Rutledge; Second Lieutenant, James H. Miller.

More Of Gen. Morgan

The continued threatening character of the news of the invasion of Indiana by Gen. Morgan soon gave a new impetus to the organization of militia companies. The company of Capt. Buskirk was again mus- tered, and on the 9th of July left for Mitchell, Ind. A company of cavalry, commanded by Capt. Wylie, left the next day for the same point, and on the same day a militia company of infantry, under Capt. Marion Blair, left for Indianapolis. Another full company left Ellettsville for Indianapolis about the same time. Two other full companies were nearly completed in the vicinity of Bloomington at the same time. At no period during the war did the excitement run higher than at this lime. The wildest rumors were circulated, and business of all kinds was almost wholly suspended. The streets of the county seat were alive with military preparations, and great crowds assembled from the country to learn what was to be done. Within one week, all illusions of danger were dispelled. The company of which Marion Blair was Captain was mustered into the service at Indianapolis on the 10th of July, and without leaving that city was mustered out on the 15th of July. The company was D of the One Hundred and Tenth Regiment, minutemen. Barton A cuff was Captain of the company from Ellettsville, which was both mustered in and mustered out on the same days respectively as the company of Capt. Blair. Capt. Acuff 's company was G of the One Hundred and Eleventh Regiment, minutemen. The company of militia under Capt. Hughes (which immediately afterward entered the six months' service as above stated) moved to Mitchell, where it became Company A of the One Hundred and Twelfth Regiment, minutemen. The company was mustered in July 9, and mustered out July 17. This company saw slight service, as it with its regiment moved to North Vernon, which place it assisted in holding against Gen. Morgan, who approached within a few miles. I. S. Buskirk was Major of this regiment. The One Hundred and Thirteenth Regiment, minutemen, contained one company from Monroe County, commanded by Capt. Henry L. McCalla. This was Company A, and was mustered in July 11, and mustered out July 16. It saw the same service as the company of Capt. Hughes. It will thus be seen that within about one week Monroe County furnished and sent into the service four full comj)anies, and had three or four other companies organized and ready. The wisdom of the organization of the county militia in 1861 was thus demonstrated. A fine company of militia cavalry was organized in Perry Township (mostly) in September, under the command of Capt. J. E. Mathers. One of the companies referred to above was commanded by Capt. David Sheeks.

The Cal-L Op October, 1863

The county was again thrown into activity by the call of the President of October 17 for 300,000 for the three years' service. The quota of the county was 143 men. Calls for volunteers were made, and enlistment offices established at the county seat, and for short periods in several of the country townships. The officers commissioned to raise recruits were Col. McCrea, Capt. Buskirk and Henry EUer. At first, the volunteering was slow, but a war paeeting was held at the court house on the *28th of November, and quite a large squad was raised. They were sent into camp of instruction at Columbus, and the recruiting was continued. The company was so nearly completed by the 18th of December that Col. McCrea left for Columbus. On the i4th of January, 1864, the men were mustered in at Camp Shanks, near Indianapolis, but recruits continued to be raised in the county to the number of about twenty, who were mustered in January 24, March 2. and a few even in April. The oflBcers of the company were: Isaac S. Buskirk, Captain; James E. Mathers, First Lieutenant; G. P. Bailey, Second Lieutenant. A squad of the men was raised at Ellettsville. The men became Company I of the Tenth Cavalry (One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Regiment). The regiment did not leave the State until May, 1864, when it moved to Nashville, Tenn. In December, 186 X, and January, 1864, about fifteen recruits were sent to Company K of the Twenty-first Regiment (First Heavy Artillery), and about ten to the Twenty-second Regiment. A few were sent to the Twenty-seventh also. Sergt. J. Frank Fee recruited about twenty men for Company G of the Thirty-first Regiment during the month of February, 1864. In December, 1863, and January and February, 1864, about fifteen recruits were sent to Company G of the Thirty-eighth Regiment. They were obtained at Ellettsville. About half a dozen men entered Company F of the Eighty-second Regiment. A few entered other regiments.

One Hundred Days' Men

Under the call for one hundred days' men in April, 1864, a large war meeting was held at the court house, pursuant to call, on the evening of April 27, to take steps toward raising a company. Gov. Dunning addressed the audience, and explained the nature of the call, and the enlistment roll was circulated and about a dozen names secured. After passing a resolution asking the County Commissioners to oifer a bounty of $30 for volunteers, the meeting adjourned. Active measures were continued to increase and complete the company. By the 3d of May, the company, though partly raised in Clay County, was completed, the following being the ofiBcers : Jechonias Rutledge, Captain ; A. B. Wheeler, First Lieutenant ; W. R. Kress, Second Lieutenant. About three-fifths of the company was from Monroe County, including the Captain. The men became Company K of the One Hundred and Thirty-third Regiment, 100 days' service. They were mustered in at Indianapolis on the 17th of May, and left at once for Tennessee.

During the previous years of the war, no celebrations of this national holiday were held at the county seat. Various country celebrations had occurred, of which no record was kept. Neither at this time were preparations made to soar the eagle to the usual lofty height of American patriotism. An impromptu celebration, or rather picnic, was held at Prof. Wylie's beautiful grove in the southeastern part of town. Rev. J. M. Bishop acted as President of the Day. Prayer was offered by Rev. Covey, and the Declaration of Independence read by J. P. Rankin, Esq. Rev. Levi Hughes delivered a short address, as did Prof. D. E. Hunter. At intervals the national airs ^ere sung by bevies of sweet-faced girls and boys. Their voices were as sweet as new harmony in the cool shade on that hot day. Of course the fire cracker was present. Swings were erected and enjoyed in the afternoon. Thus the great day died.

The Heavy Call Of July, 1864

From this exhibit it will be seen that, although this call was enormous, not a man was required from either of the townships - Bloomington, Richland or Clear Creek. But, in justice to the other townships, this circumstance requires some explanation. During the earlier years of the war, the volunteers were oareless in giving their true residence and were usually, or at least quite often, credited to the places where they enlisted, which were usually at the largest towns. For instance, a volunteer from Benton Township would go to Bloomington to join a company that was organizing there, and as that was his post office address he would be credited to Bloomington Township. This accounts to some extent at least for the great excess of men in the townships containing towns where companies were raised.

The Draft Of October, 1864

Time passed, but no concerted effort was made to clear the county of her quota. A few recruits were sent to the old regiments, but no 'attempt was made to raise a full company of men. The draft was threatened, but the citizens with philosophic indifference folded their arms, and quietly waited events. Perry raised her eleven men, Bean Blossom raised five men, Benton one. Van Buren three; but the other townships from which men were due - Indian Creek, Polk, Salt Creek, Washington and Marion - did not furnish a solitary man. The townships which had an excess of men - Bloomington, Richland and Clear Creek - no doubt furnished a very few. Probably twenty-five or thirty men volunteered under the call. The draft came off at Columbus, on the 23d of September, with the following result: Bean Blossom, 37; Washington, 25; Marion,

14; Benton, 9; Van Buren, 6; Salt Creek, 19; Polk, 17,; Indian Creek, 32; total, 159. Double this number was really drafted to make allowances for those unfit for service. Considerable volunteering was done after this draft took place, and a number of substitutes were furnished by those who could not or would not go to war. The drafted men (those who reported at all) and the substitutes were taken first to Columbus and afterward to Indianapolis, where they were assigned to the older regiments. The following table, taken from the Adjutant General's Reports, was prepared by authority on the 31st of December, 1864, and shows what the county did under the calls of February 1, March 14, and July 18, 1864 ; and from this it will be seen how many of the drafted men had reported either in person or by substitute up to that time: