Center Township (part 1 of 2)

City Officers Chapter Xii

February 14, 1849, ^^^^ dispensation was issued by Elzur Deming, Grand Master, and A. W. Morris, Secretary, to the brethren at Greenfield. The following are the original officers and members under said dispensation : James Rutherford, W. M. ; Harry Pierson, S. W. ; J. R. Bracken, J. W. ; George Tague, Orlando Craine, James Shipman, Nathan D. Coffin and Morris Pierson, members. The first initiation was that of Dr. R. E. Barnett. A charter was granted to Lodge No. loi, by the Grand Lodge, on the 28th of May, 1850. The lodge was organized under the charter on the 20th of the following June. The officers were : James Rutherford, W. M. ; Harry Pierson, S. W. ; J. R. Bracken, J. W. ; Morris Pierson, Treasurer ; John Templin, Secretary ; R. E. Barnett, S. D. ; Jonathan Ralls, J. D. ; E. D. Chittenden, Tyler.

Prior to 1854 ^^ lodge had no building of their own, but held forth for a time in the old seminary building. During this year the lodge, having grown in size and wealth, began the erection of a handsome three-story brick building, the most commodious in the town. The corner stone was laid with appropriate ceremonies by Deputy Grand Master Elijah Nevvlin, on the 15th of August, 1854.

The present officers are : George W. Dove, W. M. ; W. S. Fries, S. W. ; Lee O. Harris, J. W. ; Nelson Bradley, Treasurer ; S. E. Duncan, Secretar}- ; Ephraim Marsh, S. D. ; M. F. Williams, J. D. ; Benjamin Price, Tyler; William F. Pratt, Steward ; Joseph Baldwin, Steward. The present trustees are Ephraim Marsh, F. E. Glidden, and S. W. Barnett.

From the date of organization to the present this lodge has initiated two hundred and three members. The membership at this date is about seventy. The lodge is in good working order, out of debt, and owns desirable property worth $6,000. It has expended for charitable purpurposes $2,000. Their regular communications occur on Tuesday evenings on or previous to the full moon of each month.

Greenfield Lodge, No. 135, I. O. O. F. was instituted July 26, 1853. The lodge was organized in the old courthouse ; afterwards removed to the third story of the Walker block ; from there to the county seminary, where, for several years, the lodge prospered ; but preferring a more central location, the trustees sold the seminary and took a lease on a new hall in Howard's block. In the course of time the increase of membership, added to the desire on the part of many to have a hall of their own, caused the lodge to instruct their trustees to contract with William C. Burdett for a third story on his new brick in which to hold its meetings. Since 1876 the lodge has occupied its own spacious hall, which is conveniently arranged, neatly furnished, and affords a pleasant retreat for its large membership.

The following officers conducted the instituting ceremonies in the organization of the lodge, viz. : Theodore P. Haughey, Deputy Grand Master ; Past Grand Cameron, G. W. ; Fred. Bragg, Grand Secretary; A. Cotton, Grand Treasurer ; W. N. Lumis, G. M.

The following members were initiated on the first evening, viz. ; Robert A. Barr, M. G. Falconbury, Benjamin Deem, Eli Ballenger, James II. Leary, Benjamin Miller, John D. Barnett, and Chelton Banks.

The first election of officers resulted as follows, to-wit : George Armstrong, N. G. ; N. P. Howard, V. G. ; John D. Barnett, Secretar\' ; Jonathan Dunbar, Treasurer.

This lodge has been called on to mourn the loss of twenty-one members, to-wit : Robert A. Barr, W. R. Barrett, Benjamin Deem, Henry R. Hanna, Jacob Drake, W. E. Hart, William Wilkins, John D. Barnett, John Osborn, Ezra Fountain, Willard Low, Jonathan Dunbar, B. W. Cooper, Joseph Conner, Nathan Crawford, Enoch Leachman, Henry A. Swope, John H. Bentley, Henry R. Clayton, Frederick Hammel, and John D. Barr.

The present officers are as follows: T. J. Bodkins, Noble Grand ; A. J. Herron, Vice Grand ; W. T. Snider, Recording Secretary, C. T. Cochran, Permanent Secretary ; H. J. Williams, Treasurer. Encampment officers - M. L. Paullus, Chief Patriarch; Q. D. Hughes, High Priest; I. C. Rardin, Junior Warden ; James A. Flippo, Senior Warden ; W. T. Snider, Scribe ; N. P. Howard, Treasurer.

This lodire was or<xanized and held forth till 1880 in the three-stor\' brick on the corner of Main and State streets, when thev removed to Furry's block, on West Main street, where thev have a commodious room con\eniently arranjjed.

The lodge organized with forty-nine members, and the average attendance for each year since its organization has been fortv-five. The lodge meets on Monday evening of each week. Lodge hall, third story, over Walker's store, in the citv of Greentield, Indiana. The tirst Good Templars lodge of Greenfield was organized about the year 1869, by Sister Jackson, of Jeffersonville, and known as the Good Templars of Greentield, No. 194. Among the lirst members of this lodge were L. E. Rumrill, J. A. Dobbins, G. W. Duncan, J. A. New, Mrs. Anna Oflutt, Mrs. Lou Scott, Miss Hattie Havens, S. M. Shumway, S. M. Walker, and G. W. Dove. The lodge met and orsranized over Randall's store, and continued in successful oper;:.tion tor a time, and linall}' declined and surrendered her charter.

of Greenfield was organized July 30, 1855. The plans for the organization of this church were conceived and completed in the house where R. P. Brown now lives. Dr. B. F. Duncan and John Wilson were watching by the bedside of a sick friend, near the hour of midnight, when the idea was conceived and arrangements were made. Among those who petitioned the Indianapolis Presbytery for this church were Mrs. T. D. Walpole, Dr. B. F. Duncan, John Foster, Captain J. R. Bracken, John A. Richey, Alexander Crocket, and Gen. John'^Milroy. The request was granted, and the committee to organize consisted of the following eminent divines, viz. : David Monfort, David Stephenson, and Colonel James Blake. The committee, on the date aforesaid, met in the old M. E. church, on south State street, and perfected an organization, and received the following members into full communion, viz. : Gen. John Milro}^ Dr. B. F. Duncan, John A. Richey, Alexander and Elizabeth Crocket, Mrs. Martha Meek, Hugh Gambrel and wife, John Foster and wife. Misses Nancy P. and Mary J. Crocket, Ellen Sturk, Miss Isabel Clency, and Samuel and Mary Creveston. Of the fourteen who petitioned for this church, only three are living, to-wit: Mrs. T. D. Walpole, Mrs. J. T. Lineback, and Mrs. J. C. Meek. And only two are living of the seventeen who united with the church at its organization, viz : Mrs. J. T. Lineback and Mrs. J. C. Meek.

The followino^ are the ministers who have served this church from the date of its organization to the present, with the date of appointment and time served :

The founder and nrst minister of this churcli, Re\'. David Monfort, was a remarkable man, of great spirituality, positive in character, and beloved by all who knew him. He is said not to have been a profound preacher, but a volumnious talker, tender-hearted, sympathetic, of good executive abilit3', and a line judge of human nature. He received into the church one hundred and twelve members. He is still remembered as the founder of a day school, that was conducted in the Masonic hall tor eight 3^ears. At this date the public schools of Indiana were in their infancy, and of little force ; but this school, under the management of Monfort, assumed a high standard in point of education.

The total number of members received into the communion of the Presb^'terian church of Greentield from the date of its organization, in 1855, to the present was about four hundred. Present membership, one hundred. The cljinxh worshiped in the Masonic hall for thirteen 3'ears, and has worshiped in the present building for fourteen years. Their building is a handsome, substantial brick, 44x76 feet, and a gallery capable of seating one hundred and twenty-live adults. The whole church will seat six hundred persons. It was dedicated on the 27th of December, 1868, by Rev. Robert Sloss, assisted b\' Dr. Monfort. of Cincinnati. Cost of building, $10,500. At the close of the services on the day of dedication, there were subscribed $3,097 to complete the building. The present pastor is Rev. J. II. Hawk, the last, but by no means the least, of the shepherds of the flock. Mr. Hawk is an

There is in connection with this chvnxh one of the best Sunday-schools in the count}'. It was organized cotemporarv with the church, starting out with tburteen adults and children all told. Rev. David Monfort was the first superintendent, Dr. B. F. Duncan assistant, and Joseph Mathers secretary'. In 1857 Robert Hall, recentl}- of Cambridge City, was elected superintendent, and Dr. E. I. Judkins secretary-. In 1861 Dr. R. E. Barnett was elected superintendent, and the secretary's book shows that on the same day $106 were raised to pa}' the prizes due the school - a very respectable sum to raise in a Sunday-school more than twenty 3'ears ago simply for prizes. Dr. Barnett continued to serve in this capacity for sixteen consecutive 3'ears, with credit to himself and honor to the school. Q; D. Hughes served as secretary for fourteen years constant and faithful. The infant class of this school is under the efficient instruction and oversight of Miss Sue Wilson, assistant postmaster, who has had charge of the babies for more than a dozen years. Her class swarms semi-annually, sending ofi' new colonies to be directed by others. This school has enjoyed nearly fourteen hundred Sabbaths, or about four vears of Sunday-school instruction. H. B. Wilson, our present postmaster, has been an efficient and faithful bible school teacher a greater portion of that time. In 1864, the school had enrolled one hundred and fifty-six scholars, and the growth has been steady to the present date. R. E. Barnett is now superintendent and George Wilson secretar}'.

The early histor^^ of Methodism in Greenfield and vicinity can only be given in an incomplete and fragmentary form. The first class known was organized in a cabin which stood near the present residence of Wesle\' Addison.

odists, among whom mav be nam^'d the iamili(\s of Abram, Samuel and Moses Vangilder ; Major Stephens and Jeremiah Meek; and a little later James Parks, John Rardin. Jacob Tague, Dr. Lot Edwards, Richard Guymon, and others. The earliest settlers found the Methodist itinerant wending his wav through the almost unbroken forest searching for the lost sheep of the House of Israel, carr}'- ing with him the Word of Life, at as early a date as 1828. As earlv as 1830 Greenfield became the headquarters of a circuit, with a large number of appointments scattered widely, which were supplied with preaching once in four weeks. Since that time frequent changes have occurred in the boundaries of the circuit as the population increased, and as the growth of the church demanded, until the spring of 1878, when Greenfield became a station. The names of all the pastors cannot be given prior to 1837, ^or can the order of their pastorate since tliat time be given with certainty in every case.

The followinef are the names and date of service, as nearly as can be given: Rev. James Havens and Rev. Tarkington were the first preachers in charge : then Rev.

J. M. Mershon, one year; Eli Rammel, one year; Frank Richmond, appointed in 1852, died during the year, and Elisha Earl, a well-known local preacher, was appointed to fill the vacancy; S. M. Campbell, one year; J. R. Davis, one year ; C. C. Cooper, died while in charge, and Elisha Earl completed the year; J. S. McCarty, one and one-half years ; William Anderson, two years ; Michael Black, one year ; John Hill, two years ; J. W. White, one year ; George W. Bowers, three years ; Charles Martindale, two years ; H. J. Lacy, three years ; George Havens,

Among the class-leaders of the church are George W. Dove, Jonathan Tague, C. W. Gant, and O. M. Edwards. This office is about the same as that of deacons or elders in some other churches.

The society was without a house of worship for a long time ; but through courtesy of public officials, used a log school-house, on North State street, and the old log courthouse, on the north-west corner of State and South streets, south of the Gooding corner, and afterwards in the first brick court-house. In 1841 a church w^as erected on the west side of South State street, south of and near the railroad. This building is now occupied for a dwelling. The growth of the society and surrounding circumstances demanded better accommodation for religious worship, and accordingh', under the efficient leadership of Rev. George W. Bowers, the present structure was begun in the year 1866, and completed in 1867 and dedicated free of debt by the lamented Dr. T. M. Eddy. The building is a plain, comfortable brick, 40x72 feet. In 1878, the church was repaired and greatly improved in appearance, and provided with gas fixtures, which lights the large audience-room completely. The work was done vmder the pastorate of Rev. Y. B. Meredith. The church has owned four parsonages. The first parsonage stood on East North street. The second one stood on the east side of State street, just north of the railroad. About twenty-three years ago the parsonage on West Main street, now owned by E. P. Thayer, was purchased, and sold in 1875. T^'^^ present one is a large, substantial, handsome two-story building adjoining the church building. It was erected in 1876, under the direction of Nelson Bradley, J. Ward Walker and A. P. Williams, and is valued at $2,000. The value of the church and parsonage is estimated at $10,500. The membership of the church is about two himdred. More than sixty of this number have been added within the last two years under J. F. Rhoades' pastorate. Every department of the church is in tine working condition. The society has not been in debt for a number of years. There is a hirge and prosperous Sunday-school attached, with an average attendance of about one hundred and fifty. Collection, from two to five dollars per Sabbath. Nelson Bradley superintendent and Eddie Thayer secretary.

On the 15th day of August, 1827, a few individuals of the Baptist faith met to discuss the propriety of adopting a constitution and establishing a place of worship, which resulted in a decision to extend a cordial invitation to John Caldwell and brethren, of Blue-river township, and Abram Smock and brethren, of Bethel church, to " come over into Macedonia'' and lend a helping hand. Accordingly, on the 19th day of August there was a meeting at the house of Mr. Samuel Jackson, with the ministers and members aforesaid present ; and after preaching by Elders Smock and Caldwell, followed b}- an investigation of the faith of the prospective members, they were constituted into a church, to be named and known as Brandx'wine church. The following persons were received into membership, and given the right hand of fellowship, viz. : Samuel and Rachel Jackson, Benjamin and Jane Spillman, and James and Elizabeth Reeves. The church bore the name of Brandywine till the 2nd Saturday of Aucfust, 1838, at which time the members gave it the name of Mt. Gilead, by which it is known to this day.

is located about tive miles n(;rth-east of Greenfield. Methodist meetings in this neighborhood were first held about 1830 ; but not till 1834 "^^^^ there a permanent organization, and meetings were held for a time at the private residences of Moses Vangilder, James Park, and others, till 1843, when a log meeting-house was erected near h\ where the present frame now stands. At that date, and until within the last few years, this charge belonged to the Greenfield circuit. In 1866, the old log was superseded by a neat frame, costing $1,300. It was dedicated by J. W. T. McMullen. The first pastor was Rev. Barwick. The first class-leader was William Martindale. The present pastor is Rev. H. Woolpert. A Sunday-school is sustained durinir the summer season.

located five miles north-west of Greenfield, on tiie banks of Sugar Creek, was organized in the year 1838. Among the first members were James Gant, Jeremiah Gant, John Alexander, II. Hunt, Robert Wilson, and Thomas Smith. In 1840 they erected a log church, prior to which time they had no regular place of meeting. In this log house they held forth and prospered till 1872, when they erected tlie present neat frame, at a cost of $1,000.. Among the shepherds who have fed the flock at this point were John Burt, George Havens, John Millender, G. W. Bowers, and Emerson and Beasley. The first trustees were John Alexander, Ilezekiah Hunt, and Robert Wilson. This charge is now attached to the Philadelphia circuit. The present minister is H. Woolpert.

in the north-west corner of Center township, on the hanks of Suijfiir Creek, was oru^anized ahout 1838, in a loi;- school-house near where tlie j^resent house stands. Among the first members were Owen and Andrew Jarrett, Martha Svvope, WiUiam and l^olly Jones, John AUev, Rile\' Tayh)r, John and Nancy Lewis, Samuel Henry and wile, and Martha Chapman, wife of Hon. Joseph Chapman. This organization moved quietly along with reasonable success till 1850, when, under the ministration of Eli Rammel, a remarkable revival was had, in which over one hundred were added to the membership of the church. In 1853, the society had so grown in size and means that it decided on the building of a house, which resulted in the erection of the present frame, by Henry L. Moore, at a cost ot' $8o3, and is now attached to the Philadelphia circuit.

The subject of this sketch was born October 27, 1830. -one mile east of Fountaintown, Shelby county, Indiana, where he remained with his father on the old homestead

Center Tovn'Nshii'

Mr. D. engaged in the stock trade at the age of eighteen with George Roberts. Their first speculation was in sheep, purchased north of Greenfield, of Harlan Reeves and others in that neighborhood, at lifty cents per head for the choice of the flock. His next trade was with Hugh Wooster, of Greenfield, of whom he purchased fifteen large, choice steers, at $15 each. When they were turned out of the large woods pasture, on the farm now owned by John T. Lineback, to drive to town, thev bounded ofl' through the woods and brush and over the logs at such a rate that Mr. D. got completelv lost, and came on to Greenfield to await results. In the course of an hour Mr. Wooster put in an appearance with the cattle, telling Dickerson that he was not worth a "continental copper" to drive stock, or he could get through the brusli fast enough to keep up with an old man like him. Mr. D. has been in the stock trade in Hancock county for thirtv-three 3'ears, and has probably bought and sold more stock than an}' other man in the county ; and we mav add, has always enjoyed the confidence and esteem of his customers and the public generally. He also filled the office of trustee of Center township for two consecutive terms, during which he took great interest in the schools, and encouraged both pupil and teacher bv frequent \isits.

Mr. D. is a liberal, jmblic-spirited man. and has taken great interest in organizing pike companies, and encouraging the citizens of the county to construct good gravel roads, to which he has always been a liberal subscriber. It was through his management that the Greenfield and New Palestine gravel road was completed, which was probably the most difficult road of the kind ever made in the county, owing to the distance to which the gravel had to be hauled, being cm an average of more than two miles. Mr. D. also organized the Center and Brandvwine Pike Company, and was one of its most liberal subscribers.

and, consequently, has seen a good deal of pioneer life- He says that the first apple that he ever saw growing was in the orchard of James Smith, about five miles south of Greenfield. He recollects the first frame house, sawed boards and painting, in the neighborhood. It was on the farm of Robert P. Brown, built by the late Jacob Foglesong. When Mr. D. first saw Greenfield, there were but two houses south of Main street ; one, he thinks, was Mr. Oftutt's and the other was near where Mr. Paullus"' new residence now stands. The first public gathering which he recollects attending was "muster," on "muster day," at James Goodwin's residence, now owned by John Richey, of Brandywine township. He attended school on Hominy Ridge, and was one of the boys that helped to cany Jackson Porter on a rail to Brandywine before he would " come down" with the cider, apples and ginger-bread. Mr. D^ says he well recollects when there were more still-houses in Brandywine township, Hancock county, and Van Buren township, Shelby county, than there were school-houses ; and that it was a very common thing for the neighbors to send to the still-houses for beer, and use it in the place of milk to drink. But notwithstanding the evils of that day, the young folks had their sport and amusement of many kinds. In the fall and winter seasons there would be a wood-chopping and quilting in the neighborhood about once a week, and a dance at night. Then there were the apple bees, pumpkin peelings, flax pullings. and cornhuskings - all sources of amusement. When the Mt. Leban(m church was organized, a great number of the voung joined, and held out faithful for a season ; but when the time for parties arrived, no small number would persist in dancing, greatly against the rules laid down b}' old Fathers Muth and Havens, the clerical advisers of that time. Mr, D. well remembers seeing one young fellow arraiirned before one of the old fathers, charged with the sin of dancing. His reply to which not being satisfactory, he was told that it would not be tolerated. "Then," said the voungster, "take mv name oft' the church book. I only intended to join through the sickly season/' Mr. D. is in harmony with the doctrines of the Christian Church, and has ever been liberal in the support of the same. He is a democrat in principle, though not dogmatic in his views, and was alwavs opposed to slavery. Mr. D. is president of the New Palestine gravel road, and has several times served as president of the Hancock Agricultural Society, and has ever been an enterprising, enertretic citizen.

Chapter Xiii

JTanic and Organization. - This township took its name trom John Green, the tlrst settler, or at least one of the tirst settlers thereot'. It was orijanized in 1832. and then consisted ol' sixty sections, the same territory now embodied in Brown and Green, It was taken from the north part of Harrison and Jackson, which in 183 1 extended to the north line of the county, their southern boundary being the same as shown on map, page 89. In 1833 Brown was taken from the east part of the original Green township, leaving it composed of thirty sections, the present size.*

Location^ Size. Buu)idar\\ etc. - Green township is located in the central northern portion of the county, and in extent is five miles north and south and six miles east and west, being uniform in size with Brown and Blueriver. It is bounded on the north by Madison county, on the east bv Brown township, on the south by Jackson and Center, and on the west by Vernon. It is located in township seventeen north and in ranges six and seven east. The west tier of sections is in range six east, and the remainder in range seven east. The range line runs one mile west of Eden, and forms the east line of Thomas McClarnon"s farm.

Surface., Soil. Drainage, and Productions. - The surface is generally level and slightly undulating, with the exception of a small portion bordering along Sugar Creek. The greater portion of the soil is a black loam, rich and productive, and portions of the uplands a good clay, both red and blue. There is but very little third-rate land in the township at this date, since the recent attention given to tile draining and public ditching. The chief productions are hogs, cattle, wheat, corn, horses, oats, flaxseed. and Irish potatoes. She has no factories, and owing to her distance from the railroad heretofore, she has not drawn so heavilv on her forests as her sister townships have done. In i83o she produced from 3.094 acres. 52.598 bushels of wheat : from 'ct^Z^- acres, 92,796 bushels of corn ; from 349 acres, 8,027 bushels of oats ; being about an average township of the county. For the same year she reported 753 tons of hay. 266 bushels of Irish potatoes, and 905 lbs. of tobacco.

Streams. - Sugar Creek* takes a general diagonal course across the township. It enters on the east line, one and one-half miles south of the north-east corner, and runs one mile north-west ; thence two miles south-west into section twent3'-two, in the middle tier of sections ; thence in a general westerly course, passing Eden on the north, through sections twentj'-one, twenty and nineteen to the center of section twenty-four ; thence in a south by south-west course, passing out of the township at the northwest corner of section thirty-six.

A small stream rises on the south line of section thirtytwo, runs north by north-west, and flows into Sugar Creek on the west line of section nineteen.

First Laud E)itrics and First Settlers. - The first land entered in Green township was by William Shortridge, on the 26th day of May, 1829, being the northeast quarter of section nineteen, township seventeen north, in range seven east, lying north of Eden. John Green and Andrew Jackson made entries a little later in the same year.

The first settlers were John Green, from whom the township was named ; William Rickard, Miles Walker, Thomas Dorson, John Hanger, Vincent Cooper, John L. Alford, Abraham Rhue, Robert Walker (father of Rev. Miles Walker), Thomas L. Fuqua, and John Denney ; all of whom settled prior to 1833. Afterwards came Jonathan Ilorniday, Isaiah and Jesse Jackson, John Forgy, Willliam Thomas ; Joseph, William and Jesse Roberts ; Jacob and William Amack, James Walker, Edward Barrett ; George Henry, associate judge ; Samuel Henry, William Galbreath, and John Myers. Most of the above have long since bid adieu to terrestrial scenes ; but are still green in the memory of many of the older citizens who will read these names. Manv of them we are unable to learn much about, except that they were representative pioneer men, modest, unassuming, never aspiring to office, industi"ious, hardy and hospitable. Their names are doubtless written in the Lambs Book of Life, and are now found in the history of the county, to be handed down to the third and fourth generations, and remembered as the forerunners of a brighter civilization. There are doubtless others who might, with propriety-, be placed in the list ; but to name all would be tedious.

First Election, etc. - At the first election held in Green in her original size, as shown on page 89, there were but nine votes cast. The election was held at the residence of Morgan McQiiary. The first election in Green after Brown was struck off was held at the residence of John Hanger. The votes were cast in a hat, and covered with a kerchief. We hear of no complaints and serious charges of stuffing the ballot-boxes in those primitive days.

Historical Anecdote. - In June, 1833, Rev. Miles Walker, John Walker and Vincent Cooper, caught thirteen young wolves, about the size of a six months' cur dog, in the hollow of a log. They brought the scalps to Greenfield, and the county gave them a credit of fift}- cents per scalp on their taxes, and the state paid a reward of the same amount in money. Before they could avail themselves of the bounty of either state or county, however, they had to comply with the law requiring them to take an " iron-clad " oath that they had never raised a female wolf", nor owned a male dog part wolf, for the last ten years. The policy of this requirement was to prevent citizens raising wolves for their scalps, and the reward obtained therefor. Wolves were numerous at this early date, and ver\' destructive to sheep, and especially to lambs and pigs, insomuch that it was impossible to raise them without penning.

A jFczu First T/ii)ig's. - The first preacher in Green township was Stephen Masters, one of the pioneer preachers of the county, who is reported iis the first and one of the first in all the north-western portions of the countv. The first teacher was Miss Eliza Moore. The first phvsi- cian was Paul Moore. The first death was that of Samuel Walker, buried at the Baptist church, in the west part of the township ; being the lirst burial also. The hrst road was the blazed route Irom Greenfield to Pendleton, the county-seat of Madison count}-. The first miller was George Mason. The first school was near Eden. The first church building was by the Baptists. The first church organization was by the Methodists. The first merchant was George Henry, father of Attorney Charles Henry, of Anderson. The first post-office was at Eden. The first tanners were Dudley Eakes and J. Price.

Mills. - In 1835 George Mason had erected the first water-mill, grist and saw mill combined, in the township, located on Sujjar Creek, north-east of Eden. Indeed, it was the first mill of any kind in the township.

In 1836 William Beeson erected the second water-mill in the tow-nship. It was located about two and one-half miles east of Eden, and cracked corn and scratched logs for several years.

Subsequently Bragg & Guy built the first steam sash saw-mill in the township, near Eden. It was traded and sold several times, burned down in 1856, rebuilt by Samuel Archer, and finally moved away.

Dr. Samuel A. Troy, in 1865, put in operation a circular saw mill, three miles east of Eden, operated it for a time, and then sold to Trueblood & Barrett. Barrett sold to Walker, and the new firm, Trueblood & Walker, moved it on the Henry land, south-west of Eden. It was then run for a time bv Cooper & Roberts, and finally moved away.

About 1873, a steam saw-mill was set in operation at Milner's Corner, bv W^alton, Rule & Milner, which required about eighteen months to devour the saw timber in that \icinity, when it dejxirted. A steam saw-mill was built at Eden, by C. Mingle, about 1875, and is still in operation.

There are no factories nor flouring mills in the township ; though there is a good opening for both, and especially should the North and South railroad come through. as contemplated.

I^oads. - Green township has twelve miles of toll pike, and ten miles the charter to which has been surrendered. The Greenfield and Pendleton pike extends across the township from north to south. There is a line extending from Eden to Warringotn ; one from Eden to McCordsville ; another from Eden to Fortville ; and one from Eden to Milner's Corner. The last three lines do not extend to Eden directly, but intersect the North and South pike, near thereto, so that the several points mentioned are reached by pike.

Green is the onh- township in the count}' without a railroad, and she recentl}' voted $10,000 to the prospective Anderson and Shelbvville road, which, it is thouirht, will pass through Eden.

Educaiional. - " 'Tis education forms the common mind ; as the twig is bent the tree is inclined.'' The first settlers, though void of a finished literary and classic education, and not even possessing the rudiments in many cases, yet they began early to give some attention to the education of their children, and small schools were sustained in the winter months in the more thicklv settled neighborhoods where enough children could be gotten together to constitute a school, and a teacher could be secured to teach the young idea to shoot at from twenty to forty dollars per quarter and "found," or "board round." Among the first "school-masters" and " school-marms " of this section were Miss Eliza Moore, a relative of the present resident Moores of tlie township ; George Henry, afterwards associate judge and representative ; David McKinsey, a faithful, efficient instructor for the time, but now among the unfortunates faring in the county infirmary ; and Sanford and Jehu Lewis, brother pedagogues. The lirst school-house was buiU in 1836, and located a short distance north-east ot" Eden. It was one of those primitive "educational institutions" made wholh^ of saplin<^s and split boards, without paint, putty, glass, iron, or modern patent fixtures of any kind. Soon after this there was one of a similar kind in the north-east part of the township.

Green, however, like other townships outside of Center, was opposed to the establishment of free schools. In the vote of the county on the free school question in 1848. she cast seventy-five votes for "free school" and ninetyone votes for " no school"; and in 1849 ^^^^ ^'^^'^^ stood, *'free school," forty-five; "no school," one hundred.

Green township has ten small frame school-houses, valued at, including grounds, furniture and outbuilding, $4,000. Her maps, charts, globes and other school apparatus are valued at $100. Total value of school propertyin the township, $4,100.

There has been a gradual, steady decline in the number of school children in this township since 1853, the first enumeration. The enumeration for 1853 was 474; for i860, 406 ; for 1870, 388 ; for 1880, 384 ; and for 1881, 353 ; a decrease of 121 in the last twenty-eight years.

Township Trustees. - The following list shows the names of the trustees and their date of appointment from 1859, ^^ which time they were empowered by law to lev\-

Remarks : Meredith Gosney, who figures extensivelv in the early history of the township, was the first trustee under the improved school law. He held the office for two terms of one year each. Edward Valentine carried the township through the perilous times of the civil war, being four times elected. Andrew PI. Barrett was the first trustee who had the opportunit}' of voting for countv superintendent of schools. We have dipped salt with "Andy "' more than once. May he live long and prosper. William L. McKinsey held the office longer than any other trustee who has filled the place. Sidney Moore looks after the poor and pedagogues at this date.

Churches. - This township, for reasons unknown to the writer, is not as bountifully supplied with good buildings especially dedicated to the worship of the author of all good as her sister townships ; but possibly what she lacks in numbers she makes up in the efficiencv of the few. Green reports three church buildings, viz. : Two Methodist Episcopal and one Christian. But it must be borne in mind that Green has no saloons or billiard halls, and, perhaps, less evil to counteract.

Population and Poll. - An examination of the United States census reports for the past few decades shows a slow growth for a time, and recendy a decline in the population. The report for 1850 gives her 1,019 souls; for i860, 1,076 ; for 1870, 1,177 ; ''^nd for 1880, 1,166 ; a growth in twenty years of one hundred and fifty-eight and then a decline in the last ten years of eleven, for which we are scarcely able to account, considering her steadv irrowth m wealth, good roads, and other improvements. But there is a great tendency among the young in this fast age to leave the monotony of the country and seek the town and city. The railroad enthusiast would make an argument in favor of railroads out of the circumstance : and, indeed, it is rather a singular circumstance, if such it may be called, that the only township without a railroad should be the onlv one declining in population. The stickler for plain dress, rather than frivolous fashions, would say that it is owing to her having no dress-making establishments and milliner shops. The falling off in numbers seems not to have been among the men and boys for the last ten years. There was only a loss of four school children during the decade, while there was an increase of thirty-one taxable polls, the numbers standing thus : Taxable polls for 1870, 190; for 1880, 221 ; and for 1881, 231 ; showing an increase of forty-one taxable polls in eleven years. But we will state the facts and figures, and leave the reader to draw his own conclusions. The polls in Green for 1840 were 130; in 1850, 149; in i860, 178.

Vo/c\ - Green township for i860 cast 184 votes ; for 1870, 229; for 1880, 286; with a democratic majorty of fifty-four for 1880. The vote stood: Democratic, 170; republican, 116. The voting precinct is Eden.

Value of Real and Pasonal Property. - Green township is assessed on 19,194 acres of land, valued at $372,- iio, and improvements on the same valued at $101,050, being an average of about $25 per acre. Value of lots, $1,625; value of improvements on same, $9,120. Value of personal property, $129,670. Total value of taxables, $613,595. The total value of taxables for 1839 ^^''^^ $60,- 930, less than one-tenth of the amount for 1881.

Lazv and Esqtiircs. - The policy of our law is to bring justice near the door of every man, to offer an opportunity for the convenient adjustment of petty grievances at the least possible expense to the people. For this purpose Indiana, following in the wake of the English custom, wisely embodied in her constitution a provision for the election in each township of a competent number of justices of the peace, who shall continue in office four years. These officers are empowered to act in both a ministerial and judicial capacity. Miiiistcriallx. in preserving the peace, yudicially, as when he convicts for an offense. In the prosecution of said policy, the following men have tilled the otffce of justice of the peace for a time, being elected at the dates set opposite their names :

Remarks : John L. Altord was the first justice in the township. Twelve of the above number served one term each. Elijah S. Cooper and William Barrett filled the office for eight years each. William Cook and J. M. Trueblood were each three times elected. W. R. Ferrell, who was first elected thirty-five years ago, is now on his fourth term. Ferrell and William Collins preside at the scales of justice in the township at this date. About half of the above have bid adieu to earthly courts, to appear at the bar Divine before the Judge Supreme of all the earth.

J^/rsi Busmcss. - The first business of this section was done at Pendleton, where the pioneers went to exchange their lurs, ginseng, venison, and porkers, for a few of the staple articles. For milling they went to Fall Creek. The first stores in the township were at Eden, a central point for the first settlements. Among the first merchants were George Henry, C. &J. Lewis, J. & E. McPherson, J. A. Alford, the "Squire," and Hiram Barrett. Later were Brandt & Fry and Barrett & Co. Very early in the history of the township Dudley Fakes run a tannery in the south-west part of the township, on Leander Roberts's farm. His vats consisted of large troughs made of walnut. Later John Price had a tannery in Eden. In 1850 Speagle carried on a blacksmith shop in the eastern part of the township. Jonathan Smith opened a store at Willow Branch in 1853, and was the first postmaster on the establishing of the post-office in 1854.

Physicians. - The first settlers of Green, in case of serious sickness, called for aid on the medical talent of Pendleton and Greenfield. The first resident physician

Ex-County Officers. - This was the home of George Henry, associate judge, county surveyor, and representative. Here lived Andrew T, Hatfield, representative : Elijah S. Cooper, county treasurer; Samuel Archer, sheriff; and Robison Jarrett, commissioner. Jonathan Smith, ex-commissioner, is still among the living.

Prominent Families^ - This is the home of the Barretts, Ferrells, Mingles, Walkers, Robertses, Wilsons, Jarretts, Alfords, Coopers, Henrys, Moores, Crists, Troys, Collins, Kellers, Barnards, Franks, Cooks, Smiths, McKinseys, Bait\-s, Truebloods, McClarnons, and Olveys.

Murders and Fatal Accidents. - In, or about, 1831, two men, who were from Madison county, camped out in the woods, and built a hre beside a dead tree, as a protection against the wolves, and retired for the night, during which the tree set on fire fell on one of them. The other built a , pen around him, to prevent his being devoured by the wolves, while he procured assistance to remove the log from the body.

Michael Crist, father of John and George, was found dead in the public highway, near the Crist school-house, April 26, 1876. Aged eighty-five years.

The most foul, atrocious, diabolical and unnatural murder that we are called upon to record in the history of the county was perpetrated, on the night of June 7th, 1878, in Green township, on the persons of Mrs. Sarah Jane Wil- -son, aged forty-three years, widow of the late Woodford Wilson, and her little niece, Anaretta Cass, aged six years. 'The strange, sad news of this atrocious double murder soon spread throughout the county, and before noon of the* next day hundreds of people could be seen rapidly making" their way to the sad scene, and surrounding the house were hundreds more, filled with anguish and anger at what had transpired. By whom and just how this scene was enacted, has never been legally determined. The plain facts in the case are about as follows : Mrs. Wilson and her little niece lived alone on her farm, about two miles east of Eden. They were at peace with the world, having harmed no one, and anticipated no trouble or personal violence from anv bod}', and had only taken the usual precaution of locking the doors and windows, not deeming it necessary to go to the trouble and expense of having additional company to stay with them of nights. Next morninuf Mrs. Wilson was found dead, Iving on her face on the floor in the sitting-room, in her night clothes, partially covered with a thin comfort. Anaretta was found on the floor near the door of their bedroom, lying almost naked. The bodies were examined by good physicians, which developed the fact that they had come to their deaths by strangulation from pressure of the thumb and Angers of the left hand of a man, the marks of the ends of the fingers being plainly visible on either side of the trachea. It is left to circumstantial evidence, theor}- and reason to determine the cause and manner of this double -crime. It is supposed that the party, or parties, by some means gained entrance to the rear of the house, committed the rash act, and made his, or their, exit at the front door, breakinir a glass beside the door in passing out. The theory is supported by the fact that the broken pieces of glass were found on the porch and none on the inside of the room. Considerable effort was made to discover the guilt}' parties, but to no avail. Time and eternity may develop the facts, but as yet it is shrouded in mystery. We only know that two innocent lives were violently and suddenly plunged into eternity by some hellish fiend in human form. Who can look at the portraits of the innocent ^'ictims, and contemplate the atrocity of the crime, without feelings of holy indignation?

Recapitulation. - Green township contains thirty sections and 19,194 acres; has one mill stream, two smaller streams, one border county, four border townships, two steam saw-mills, ten school-houses, three church buildings, four churches, one lodge, one village, two post-offices, five pikes, one prospective railroad, 1,166 inhabitants, 353 school children, 231 polls, 286 voters, $4,100 worth of school property, $131,260 worth of personal property, $9,115 w^orth of lots and improvements, $473,220 worth ot~ land and improvements, 177 male dogs, two (?) female dogs, $613,595 worth of taxable property, thirty-seven men who pay over $40 taxes each, fifteen ex-justices, two acting justices, six ex-trustees since 1859, ^^-^ ex-county officers, one living ex-county officer, a fertile soil, several hundred acres unditched, an abundance of saw timber, no want of rail timber ; a limited amount of fish, squirrels, quails and rabbits ; a healthful climate, three physicians, a republican trustee, no saloons, no billiard halls, a moral community, a declining population, an increasing valuation, and a democratic majority of eight}'.

Chapter Xiv

The modern Eden, once known as Lewisburg, was laid out on the 21st of August, 1835, by - the records fail to show whom, but the older citizens say by Alford - and consisted of thirty-five lots. The first and only addition to this date was made by Levi Archer, on the 26th of April, 1871, with seventeen lots. It is a small village, on the south bank of Sugar Creek, near the center of the township, eight miles north of Greenfield and seven south of Pendleton, on the pike. It has one church, a district school, a pleasant location; a post-office, with mail triweekly, L. A. Riggs, postmaster ; and the following business men, to-wit :

The second post-ofllce in the township is known as Milner's Corner, located in the central eastern part of the township, on the line between Green and Brown, It is about thirteen miles north-east of Greenfield, and derived its name from James Milner, in 1850. There has never been a plat of the place made and recorded, and, consequently, no additions.

The first store at this point was kept by David McKinsey, an ex school-teacher, followed by John Dawson, Henry Milner, Nimrod Davis, Joseph Decamp, Caldwell & Keller, William and Joseph Bills, S. A. Troy, Tague & Brother, and W. Vanzant. The present merchant is Charles H. Troy. The post-oflSce was established in 1868 ; the first postmaster was Nimrod Davis ; the present -employee of Uncle Sam is Charles H. Troy. The previous physicians were D. H. Myers, S. A. Tro}-, George Williams, and Charles Pratt; the present physician is S. A. Tro}^ The blacksmiths are Vandyke and Manning ; the wood-workmen are Josiah Long and Joel Manning. It has a steam saw-mill, owned b}- L. Tucker, previously mentioned ; capacity, five thousand feet per day ; employs four hands. Mail tri-weekl}^

The first meetings of this order, in the early history of the township, were held near Eden, in the private dwellings of Blackburn, Thomas Dorson, Robert Walker, and Robison Jarrett. The first ministers were Stephen Masters and James Vess. The first itinerant minister was Rev. Donaldson, followed by Revs. John Leach and Frank Richmond. In 1838, the society erected a log house at Eden, near where the present Irame stands, in the east part of town. Here it held forth till about i860, when it erected the present building, a commodious frame, at a cost of $1,500. It was dedicated by Rev. John McCart}-. Near by is a cemetery, where slumber many loved ones that have died in the faith, and arc now members of the church triumphant. The first burial here was Enos Jarrett. The present minister is Rev. John S. McCarty. The society is in a fiourishing condition. A very interesting rev-ival has recently been experienced, which has added a goodly number to the church roll. This charge formerly belonged to the Greenfield circuit, and was supplied by the Greenfield minister.

In an early day there was an M. E. church building and organization in the Roberts neighborhood, south-west of Eden, called the Roberts Chapel. The first members are dead. Some lost their zeal, others found it about as convenient to worship at other points, and the organization went down and the membership was scatterea.

While the Methodists had the first society in this township, the Baptists built the first church house. It was a small log, eighteen by twent}- feet, erected in 1830, and located one and one-half miles west of Eden, near the line between Green and Vernon townships. Elder Morgan McQuery organized the society, and preached there for several years, followed by Charles McCarty and others, when the organization moved to Vernon township. The old graveyard near by still remains to mark the place of the first church in Green township, as well as a number of the first burials. The first interment in this loneh^ spot was Samuel Walker.

is located in the north-west part of the township. Benjamin Legg, John II. Huston, Snodgrass, Joseph Winn and Lawson Fuqua were among the first members. Elders David Franklin and W. F. Ackman were for a time its ministers. Elder J. W. Ferrell preached there nineteen nights during a revival, and had nineteen accessions. The building is a good frame, the church is in a prosperous condition, and a lively Sunday-school is sustained in connection with it. Several of the most prominent and influential persons of the vicinity are members of this church, and throw their influence on the side of truth, morality and Christianit}'.

was born in Green county. East Tennessee, March 7, 1823. He came with his parents to Wayne county, Indiana, in 1829, thence to Madison county in 1830, when the countrv was new and the forests unbroken. There he labored on the farm with his father and brothers till he arrived at majority, when he be<^an the study of medicine at Pendleton, the county seat, with Dr. Thomas Jones. After takini^ a course of study, he located at Eden and began the practice of medicine with Dr. William S. Loder. Aspiring to loftier attainments, and a fuller understanding of the abstruse mysteries of materia mcdica, he determined on a regular college course of reading and lectures, and consequently had the honor of graduating at the Cincinnati Medical College in the spring of 1856.

Miss Sarah J. Smith, with whom lie lived happily to the day of his death. He was a consistent member of the M. E. Church for more than forty years. During his long and extensive practice, he made hosts of friends and but few enemies. He was a man of noble impulses, generous and hospitable, in whom the people had the fullest confidence. He died on the 29th of January, 1879, ^^e^" ^ very short illness, in his fifty-sixth year, leaving the companion of his bosom and two promising boys to mourn his untimely death.

In the death of Dr. Carter the community lost an attentive, skillful physician, the church a faithful member, and the famih' a kind husband and an indulgent father.

was chartered May 26, 1874. The charter members were L. H. Riggs, E. S. Bragg, G. Morrison, A. H. Trueblood, D. H. Alford, T. T. Barrett, Samuel Alford, J. W. Green, G. W. Hopkins, and A. W. Powell. The lodge has never been large, but is healthy and prosperous, with a present membership of twenty-four. The present officers are : D. H. Beaty, W. M. ; W. A. Justice, S. W. ; H. B. Wilson, J. W. ; A. H. Trueblood, S. D. ; John Crist, J. D. ; Isaac S. Barrett, Treasurer ; A. H. Barrett, Secretary ; J. W. Anderson, T^^ler ; Samuel Alford and J. M. Trueblood, Stewards. Its meetings occur on Saturday evening on or before the full ot the moon of each month.

In 1845, the Episcopal Methodists organized a class three miles east of Eden. Their meetings were held for a time at the Barrett scliool-house. As the society increased in strength and numbers, it determined on a place of worship under its own control, which resulted in the building,", in 1854. ^^^' '^ convenient frame, at a cost ot $1,200, which was recently fully repaired and put in good order, and dedicated by Rev. Frank Harding. The present preacher is Rev. II. Woolpert. They have regular services. There is no graveyard in connection with the church property, but they use one located north, on the banks of Sugar Creek, where the mortal remains of the late lamented murdered Mrs. Wilson and her niece were buried.

was born at Batavia, Clermont county, Ohio, August 27, 1827, and is, consequent! v, in his tifty-tifth year. He was left an orphan at the earlv age of ten years. The family being poor, he was at once thrown on his own resources. He learned the trade of cabinet-maker ; came to Anderson, Madison county, in the spring of 1847 ; thence to New Columbus, where he continued to work at his trade ; and in April, 1849, was married to Elizabeth, daughter of Abner Corv. He then moved to York, in Delaware countv. where he began the studv of medicine with Dr.

John Horn. His wife died shortly after, when he again moved to New Columbus, and continued his studies with Dr. Weyman. In 1854 ^^^ ^^^^^ '^ second time married : this time to Martha Manning. He then attended a course of lectures at the Cincinnati Eclectic Medical College ; then returned and located near Bunker Hill, this county; thence to Cleveland, where he formed a profitable partnership with Dr. Amos Bundy, which continued for five years : thence to his farm in Green township, where he practiced for several years. He was a candidate for representative before the democratic nominating convention in 1868, and was deteated bv the Hon. Noble Warrum bv three votes onl}-. In 1870 he moved to Fortville, and was the prime mover in organizing the Fortville band, which, in honor of its founder, was named the "Troy Band." While there he w'as in partnership wdth Drs. Stuart and Yancy. The Dr. is now located at Milner's Corner, where he has an extensive and lucrative practice.

was organized at the Crist school-house on the second Sunday in April, 187 1. On the day of organization, after praise and prayer by the brethren. Elder Gavin Morrison was chosen moderator, and G. W. Hopkins clerk. Elder M. Lummis, of Kentucky, aided in establishing this church. The following are the original members : G. W. and Henrietta Hopkins, Gavin Morrison and wafe, William Lummis, S. F. Baker, Ira and Jane Shafer. This society has never been large, and consequent!}' unable to erect a place of worship of its own. It has had no regular pastor for several years.

Chapter Xv

the time of the formation of the township. It was organized in 1831, at which time it was struck oft' from the north part of Blue-river, having its present southern boundary and extending to the Madison county line on the north, and consequently embodied the same territory now included in Jackson and Brown. In 1832 Green was tbrmed, embodying the territory now included in Brown and Green. In 1833 Brown was formed from the east part of Green. Hence, from 183 1 to 1832 Madison county formed the northern boundary of Jackson, and from 1832 to 1833 Green formed said boundary. From 1833 to 1850 Brown, Harrison and Green constituted said boundary. From 1850 to 1853 Worth and Harrison formed her northern boundary. Since 1853 there has been no change in her boundaries.

Location^ J^oiDidivy, Size, cfc. - It is located in the central eastern part of the county, and is bounded on the north by Brown and Green townships, on the east by Henry county, on the south by Rush count}' and Blueriver township, and on the west by Center township. In extent it is six miles square, and hence contains thirty-six square miles. It lies in township sixteen north, and is in ranges seven and eight east, one tier of sections on the west being in range seven east and the remainder in eight east. The range line runs past Brown's Chapel, Leamon's Corner and Bunker Hill.

Surface, Soil, Drainage, and Prodt:cfions. - The surface for the most part is quite level ; especialh' in the northeastern, central southern, and central western portions. Alono; Six Mile, Nameless and Brandvwine creeks there are occasionally low banks, and a somewhat hilly and undulating surface for a short distance therefrom.

The soil in the creek bottoms is a loose brown or black loam, rich and productive. On the level upland may be seen a limited soil with a subsoil of red or white cla}'-, excellent for grass and meadow and fair to good for the ordinary cereals.

enterprising farmers of this township since the close of the American civil war, by which no small amount of land has been greatly improved and reclaimed.

The chief productions are stock and grain, viz. : Hogs, cattle, corn, wheat, horses, sheep, flaxseed, and oats ; to which may be added small quantities of potatoes, grass, hav, apples, butter, eggs, and chickens. In 1880, Jackson township produced, on 4,050 acres, 72,905 bushels of wheat ; on 4,782 acres, 88,805 bushels of corn ; on 380 acres, 7,600 bushels of oats ; and on 544 acres, 1,088 tons of ha}'.

Streams. - Brand3'wine Creek enters the tow'nship on the north line, two and one-half miles east of the northwest corner, in section five, and runs south-west to near the center of section seven ; thence north-w^est about a mile ; thence in a south-west course, passing out of the township on the west line in section tw^elve, about one and one-fourth miles south of the north-west corner.

Six Mile Creek enters the township on the east side, one mile south of the north-east corner, takes a general south course, passes on the w^est and near Charlottesville, and leaves the township near the south-west corner of section thirty-five.

Nameless Creek rises in section sixteen, near the center of the tow^nship, runs south-west about three miles to the east side of section twenty-five ; thence south by southeast, passing out of the township one and a half miles east of the south-west corner.

Willow Branch has onl}- one mile of its course in Jackson, all found in section one, in the north-west corner, where it flows into Brandy wine.

First Land Entry and Original Settlers. - The first land entered in Jackson township was by William Oldham, on the 20th of November, 1824, being the north-west quarter of the north-w'est quarter of section twenty-three, in township sixteen north, in range eight east. The second entr\- was by Thomas Ramsey, on the 21st of Julv, 1825.

Forts, John Catt, Bazil Meek, David Templeton, Samuel and John Dilhi, James and Benjamin Forts, ]Mr. Lackey, John and James Sample, Andrew Jackson, Santbrd Pritchard, Samuel Thompson, Absalom Davis, James Vanmeter, James Bartlow, Henry Woods, David Longinaker, Valentine Slifer, John Magart, Thomas Ramsey, and John Shields. At a little later date came John Burris, Joseph Hall, John Thompson, J. P. Fole}', Jacob Slifer, John Parks, the Barretts, Hatfields, John Bevil, William Wolt\ Jacob Brooks, Richard Earles, Samuel Smith, and John Stephens.

The naming of the above will call to the minds of manv of our readers fond recollections of earlier days, when the}' received the counsel and instruction of these hardy pioneers, most of whom have gone to the happy hunting grounds, no more to undergo the privations and hardships incident to pioneer life. They are gone, forever p'one ! No more their forms shall we behold I But their works live after them. They labored long and well, and we have entered into their labors. The}' sowed seed that shall bring forth fruit many years hence. Their children and children's children now rise up and call them blessed. Long may their names live fresh and green in the hearts of their legatees.

A Fczv First Things. - The tirst church was b}' the New Lights : the tirst school teacher was Leartus Thomas : the first miller was John Forts ; the first landlady was Mrs. Landis, recently deceased ; Mr. Lackey sold the first whisky ; David Johnson was the first merchant : the first road was the old State road ; the first county road in the township was viewed by Daniel Priddy, David Heimer and Jacob Slifer ; Isaac Barrett, about 1840 and later, cultivated a nursery at Charlottesville, and later in the northeast part of Center township ; Abram Huntington had a blacksmith shop in the north-west part of the township prior to 1840, where he forged bolts in Vulcan style for several years.

township was built by Jolm Forts, in about the yeiir 1827, and located on Six Mile, one mile north of Charlottesville. It was a genuine "- corn cracker," of the primitive pattern.

Some time prior to 1833, David Longinaker built a water sash saw-mill on Six Mile, about a mile abo\'e the Forts corn cracker. It was run b}' different parties, and finally had steam power attached.

In about 1855, a steam sash saw-mill was put in operation on Henderson McKown's farm, four miles north of Cleveland. It was run for several years, then moved on Joseph Iliggins' land, and was recently moved away.

Walton &: Rule erected a steam circular saw-mill at Leamon's Corner, about the year i860. It was run for some time, then moved to Cleveland, afterward to Eden, where it is still in operation.

James R. Bracken, afterwards captain of a compan^- from this county in the Mexican war, erected a tanner}' about a half mile north-west of the Pleasant Hill M. E. church, about the year 1844, where he made the leather for the farmers' " horse-hide collars," " dog-skin gloves " and *- cow-hide shoes," for a few^ years, when it went down.

In 1869, T. L. Marsh & Draper erected a tile factory in the central western part of the township, which was run ibr a few years, when Marsh sold to Draper, who is still manufacturing.

jRoads. - The first road in this township was an old trail extending across the new purchase, known at the time of the formation of the townshif) as the State Road, and later -on as the old State road, built many years prior to the National road, which was the second in the township. The third was called a county road, laid out in 1835, and extended from the Longinaker saw-mill, two miles north of Charlottesville, on the count}' line, to *Charleston, on Sugar Creek, in Green township, where Mrs. Wilson and niece are buried. This road was a continuation of a Henrv

*In the early history of Hancock county, a town was laid out in Green township. just north of II. B. Wilson's farm, and named Charleston. Xo record Tvas ever made -of tlic plat, and the town was a failure.

county road, extending' tVom Knightstown to the said Longinaker saw-mill. Nearly all the roads in this part ot~ the state, prior to 1835, run from one business point to another, regardless of "land lines." None of the early roads corresponded with the cardinal points of the compass. As the settlements began to increase in number, short routes were blazed out to suit the convenience of the settlers. There are no toll pikes in the township at this date. There are fifteen miles of pike that have been returned to the districts, and their charters cancelled. We are unable to state just how much graveling has been done in working out the road taxes and personal privileges ; but considerable, we are assured. The National road passes through this township, a distance of six miles, no portion of which is graveled, and there is no other road in the county that so much needs it at this time. It is really an eyesore and a discredit to the county. If the road can not be built in any other wa}', we would suggest to the liberal citizens along the line its construction under the free gravel road law of March 3, 1877, as amended March i, 1881, which will exempt their land from taxation in purchasing'^ the toll roads of the countv, under the act concerning the purchase of toll roads, and providing for their maintenance as free roads, approved April 9, 1881. Her citizens will then have something of value to themselves, tangible and convenient in lieu of their money and taxes for tVee roads.

Railroads. - The P., C. and St. L. has a line of six miles on the southern boundary of the township, on which the company has two stations, ^'iz. : Charlottesville and Cleveland. The I., B. and W. crosses the north-west corner of the township. Construction trains are passing' over the line, but no stations are yet established.

Jidiicalioiial. - The first schools in this township were "pay schools," taught by itinerant school-masters, about the year 1833. They were not the most efiicient teachers by any means ; indeed, they made no claims to greater knowledge than was necessary to teach reading,^ writing, and ""ciphering to the double rule of three."* There were citizens of the township better qualified, that could have taught better schools tlian many of these tramp teachers, but the pay did not justify, and besides they werenot naturally so disposed ; and hence the grave responsibilit}' was shifted to the shoulders of the professionals, whotaught from Castle Garden to the Gulf. Schools were sustained but three months in a ^-ear, or a quarter of thirteen weeks. As the township increased in numbers and wealth, the interest in education was found to keep pace, and schools were sustained for a greater length of time, at increased pay, which commanded better teachers.

In the vote on the free school question in 1848, to decide whether the state should adopt a free school system, Jackson voted against the proposed change, her vote standing: " Free school," loi ; "no school," 114. But Jackson has the honor of being more progressive, on this, question especially, than the majority of her sister townships, as may be seen by comparing her vote in 1848 with that of said townships, and with her own in 1849, '^'^'l^ei^ she voted for the proposed system, her vote standing: "Free school," 108; "no school," 105; being one of the three that voted for free schools in the final vote in 1859. This township has two brick and ten frame school-houses, numbered, named, and supplied with teachers for the present school year, or term at least, as follows, to-wit :

These twelve houses are estimated to be worth $8,000, including the grounds, furniture and out-buildings. The apparatus is estimated at $100. Total value, $8,100. The above figures includes the Charlottesville house, which belongs to a company, and is estimated at $3,000. One of the serious needs of this township is more and better apparatus, and a fuller appreciation of the importance of the same by the school officers and teachers, that said apparatus may be properly cared for after it is purchased and placed in the buildings ; that the maps may not be taken for window curtains and the globes for foot-balls. Charlottesville for man}- years, and until recently, was a separate corporation for school purposes.

School Trustees. - The following are the names of the trustees from the time the}' were empowered with authoritv to levy local taxes, and the office assumed some dignit}^ and importance to the people :

Remarks : Burd Lac}' and David Pridd}' held the office four terms each in succession. James B. Clark was the first trustee under the improved school law of 1873, and the first in the township that voted for county superintendent of schools. A. V. B. Sample filled the office for two terms of two years each. Philip Stinger, George Williams and Henderson McKown each served two years. James F. McClarnon looks after the poor, educational and financial interests of the township at this date.

Cy/?^rc/^c5. - Jackson township has seven churches, representing five denominations, to-wit : Three Methodist Episcopal, one Protestant Methodist, a ^Missionary Baptist, a Christian, and one Friends ; a fuller account of which will appear further on.

this township for a few decades shows the followini;^, to-wit : Popuhition for 1850, 677. The popuhition of Worth township, the greater portion of which is now included in Jackson, was, for the same year, 718. We therefore conclude that a fair estimate for the territory now included in the corporate limits of Jackson township would be 1,300 for the year 1850. In i860, the reports give her 1,680; in 1870, 1,849 ' ^^ 1880, 1,928. An examination of the above shows a steady, natin^al growth in population, which speaks well for the township as a whole. Charlottesville, in i860, had 190 souls ; in 1870, 414. Cleveland, in i860, had 112; in 1870, 118. We have no official report of either of these towns for 1880 separate and distinct from the total of the township ; but from personal knowledge would sa}' that the former has about held her own, while the latter has lost, and can not compare in numbers, wealth or appearance with her static quo ante bclluni.

Value of Real and Personal Property. - This township reports 22,170 acres of land assessed at $547,020. and improvements on the same valued at $74,505, being an average of about $28.00 per acre ; the personal property in Jackson, exclusive of Charlottesville, is valued at $220,- 750; value of telegraph, $680; value of the P., C. and St. L. railway line in Jackson, $14,450 ; \'alue of lots, $985 ; value of improvements, $3,475 ; making a total valuation for taxation of $861,865, exclusive of Charlottesville, which is assessed on eighty-three acres of land valued at $2,320, with improvements on the same valued at $3,280: value of lots, $7,445 ; impro\-ements, $21,180; personal property, $55,315 : telegraph, $75 : railroad, $3 ; total valuation, $93,400. The grand total valua-

In Charlottes\'ille the following pay $40 and upwards : P. J. Bohn, $72.38; J. A. Craft, $122.82. Bohn and Craft have recently moved out of the corporation to their tarnis.

Remarks : The last two named persons are the present acting justices of the township. Basil Meek was the first justice in the township. Samuel Thompson, the date of whose election we have given " unknown,'' owing to there being no record of the matter, was most probably elected in 183 1 or 1832. Robert McCorkle gave such general satistaction to litiffants and those interested, that he was five times honored with the votes of his constituents. Ira Bevil and G. W. Landis were each three times clothed with judicial powers. John A. Craft, Andrew Pauley, Cyrus Leamon and Elijah C. Reeves were each three times called into the forum, and invested with legal authority to hear and try all causes over which such courts have jurisdiction. Many of the above have been solicited longer to preside, but declined in favor of private life, ''choosing rather to suder affliction with the people of God, than enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season." Perhaps, in listening so often to the gaseous, bombastic eflusions of the tyro in the legal fraternity, they had come to agree with Wirt, in his sentiment that " Thero is a great deal of law learning that is drv, dark, cold and rexolting ; an old feudal castle in perfect preservation." Or it may be that they too often have seen the verification of the old proverb: "Laws catch flies, but let hornets go free."

Ex-Cotmty Officer's. - ^Jackson township has furnished a goodly number of brave men, willing to spend and be spent for their country's good. Here lived, in their day, the following representative men : Jacob Huntington, treasurer ; James P. Foley, representative ; Basil Meek, the third sheriff of the county ; Richard Williams and Jordan Lacy, commissioners. Among the living we call to mind, Noble Warrum, revenue collector and representative ; John Addison, representative and commissioner ; John Barrett, treasurer in 1850 ; George W. Sample, sheriff in 1872 by appointment; John R. Reeves, recorder in 1870 ; J. H. Landis, surveyor; John S. Lewis and Jacob Slifer, senior, commissioners. The majority of the county othcers of this township, in contrast with the most of her sister townships, are still living. Green has but one living excounty officer.

This is the home of several prominent families tliat have grown up with the township, and become fully identified with her interests ; liberal, public spirited citizens, ever ready to encourage any enterprise tending to propagate truth and promote virtue. For a fair list of such citizens, to save, recording here, see our roll of patrons for Jackson township on the closing pages.

Murders^ Suicides, and Ranarkahlc Deaths. - Under the above topic we have but little to add for this township, and we are glad of the fact. It is always a painful duty to be called upon to record such sudden, sad departures. Life is a treasure ; to live is sweet ; and that anv should adopt the beautiful meter, but false sentiment of Campbell, is sad :

"Count o'er the joys thhic hours have seen ; Count o'er the days from an<^uish free ; And know, whatever thou liast l)een. 'Tis s{;nietliin;4 better not to he.""

Anthony Maxwell committed suicide by hangings, in tlie hollow between Cleveland and the railroad station, about the year 1833. He was a married man, aged thirty, very tall. He was buried at Gilboa.

William Guy, a brakeman on the P., C. and St. L. R. R., kicked a boy by the name of Weaver off the cars while in motion, at Charlottesville, which killed him. A trial was had at Greenfield, in which the brakeman came clear.

Exports. - ^The chief exports of Jackson township are corn, wheat, hogs, cattle, horses, oats, potatoes, flaxseed, lumber, fruits, and the products of the hennery and dair\'.

Synopsis. - Jackson township, a namesake of Andrew Jackson, the seventh president, organized in 1831, contains thirty-six sections, has four border townships and two border counties, one mill stream, three smaller streams, two railroads, eight miles of railroad line, two stations, ten frame school-houses, two brick school-houses, fourteen teachers, 1^8,000 invested in school-houses and $100 in apparatus, six hundred and fifty-eight school children, seven ex-trustees since 1859, seven church buildings, tive denominations, three political parties, three hundred and forty-five polls, a population of 1,928, four hundred and forty-five voters, two voting precincts, 22,254 '^^I'es of land, valued at $549,540; improvements worth $77,785: value of town lots, $8,430; yalue of improvements on them, $24,655 ; value of telegraph line, $755 ; value of railroads, $18,235 5 gi'^md total, $955,265 ; has one hundred and seventv-five male dogs, ten temale dogs, one tile fac- tory, no mills, two villages, two post-offices, fortv-four men who pay $40 or upwards of taxes, twenty-four exjustices, two acting justices, thirteen ex-count}' officers, eight living ; fifteen miles of public pike, no toll pike, two express offices, two telegraph offices, a democratic trustee, a republican assessor, an increasing population, a fertile soil and enterprising inhabitants.

Chapter Xvi

is located on the National road, eight miles east of Greentield, on the east bank of Six Mile Creek. It is pleasantly located in a beautiful country. It has about four hundred and hfty inhabitants. It has a good schoolhouse, built by a compan}' at a cost of $3,500; a daily mail, telegraph and express offices, and other conveniences suitable to a town of its size. It vs^as laid out by David Templeton, and hied of record the first of June, 1830, with tifty-six lots.

The first addition was made by James P. Foley, on the 2ist of Febrvuuy, 1854,* "^^^ consisted of four blocks and fifty-eight lots, located south of the old plat.

The third addition was made by Frank Smith, on the 8th day of February, 1869, known as his second addition, and consisted of five lots, located south of the National road and east of the old plat.

*The dates given of the niakiiig of the various additions are tlic dates of recordiiijj, which completes the legal steps to constitute an addition.

The seventh addition was made b}' Philip Stinger, on the lirst of March, 1869, and consisted of four lots, located east of the old plat and north of the National road.

14th of June, 1869, and consisted of four blocks and twentv lots, known as Earl's first addition, located east of the old plat and Stinger's addition, and north of the National road.

The ninth and last addition, known as Earl's second addition, was made by Earl, on the 9th of February, 1870. and consisted of three blocks, fifteen lots, and a school block, located east and adjoining his first addition. The present brick school-house is on this addition.

The land from which Charlottesville was carved was entered by Josiah Vanmeter, The town was laid out in the woods by David Templeton, in 1830. The first to settle in Charlottesville was Michael Hendricks, moved from Henry county by Lewis Davis ; followed b}- Sibbetts, who kept the first tavern. Thomas Lackey kept the iirst saloon, or "grocery," as then termed. The following were among the general merchants from time to time: David Johnson, John Haers & 15ro., David Templeton. James P. Foley, Richard Probasco, William Thornburgh, Hutton &- Overman, Cyrus Overman, J. A. Craft, and P. J. Bohn.

The first business houses and dwellings were small pole buildings, followed by more stately hewed log structures, in turn superseded by small frames after the location of the water-power saw-mills on Six Mile. Later still better is located six miles east of Greenfield, on the National road, near the P., C. and St. L. R. R. It was laid out on the 8th of July, 1834, by E. Wood. The original plat consists of sixty-four lots. It was originally called Portland, and went by that name till about 1855.

Before the railroad was built, when the traveling was done by stage, and moving to the west and returning was by wagons, Portland was a thriving little place, which not only afforded accommodations for the weary traveler, but supplied a considerable scope of countr}- with the staple dry goods and groceries. For a number of years the Dayton and Indianapolis stage passed east and west daily through this little burg. And there were for several years two good-sized taverns in the place, one on either side of the road. Remnants of the same still remain as a memento of brighter da3's.

We are in favor of railroads ; tliev are a blessinii' to anv country as a whole, but their tendency is toward centralization, the building up of the cities, capitals and countsseats, and the dwarfing of towns, taverns and travelers' inns; a verification of Christ's declaration that "To him that hath, more shall be given ; and to him that hath not, shall be taken away even that which he hath."

is the name of a post-office sustained lor a number of years in the central western portion of Jackson township. The office was discontinued in the summer of 1881. The name took its origin from the Leamun family, on whose lands the Lcamon school-house, the tirst in the township, and the post-office were built. There was never a plat, and consequently no additions to the place. For a few years past, and until recently, there was a small store, a saw-mill, a post-office and a blacksmith shop at Leamon's Corner; but they all served their day, and in time were moved away.

Tiie first school taught in this township, was by Robert Santord, in a log house on the old State road, on the land now owned by Noble Warrum. James Loehr taught the second school in the township, in a house near the National road, on the land now owned bv Noble Warrum. The third school was taught by Robert Sanford, in a house on or near the National road on the land now owned by John Thompson. A school was taught in this same house by a man by the name of Goldsmith.

The first house built in the township for school purposes was the Leamon school-house, which took its name from the fact of its being built on the lands of William Leamon. Edward R. Sample taught the first school that was taught in the house. As a compensation for his services, he received thirt}'-six dollars I'or a term of thirteen weeks, he boarding himself. The house was a log structure, about eighteen b}- twenty-four feet, heated bv a huge fire-place, and lighted by a flight of oiled paper that extended along the entire south side of the buildino-. The ceiling and roof were made of clapboards, and the scholars using for seats the soft side of a lind sapling, split open, into which four pins were driven for legs. Several terms of school were taught in this house bv Burd Lacy, A. T. Hatfield, George W. Sample, William Sager and others, the wages never being more than from thirty to thirtv-six dollars for a term of thirteen weeks, the teacher eitlier boarding himself or boarding around among the scholars, which practice was ver}' common in those daA's.

The next house built in the township for school purposes was on the south-east corner of the lands of Andrew Jackson, north of Charlottesville, on the banks of Six Mile creek. Jesse Leonard was one of the principal teachers at that point.

The next house built in the township was about one mile north and one-fourth of a mile east of Cleveland, on ihe land now owned bv Elisha Earl. This house was called "Backwoods College/' being built right in a thick woods. Those most prominent in the building of this house were John Parkhurst, Abraham Craft and John Sample. It was a hewed log house, about twenty-four by twenty-eight feet, well lighted, and nicely ceiled overhead. This school was largely attended. John A. Craft taught the first school in the house, and was succeeded by James Sample, Thompson Allen, C. G. Sample, H. H. Ayres, and a man b}- the name of Miller, who, by the wa}', was quite a poet.

The next school-house built in the township was in the town of Charlottesville, in the south-west part of the town, right on the steep banks of Six Mile Creek. I know but little of the earh^ pedagogues at this place.

Before the free school law was passed, schools were taught in different parts of the township b}' Nathan Fish, Dr. Nichols, John Mclntire, li. H. Ayres, John H. Scott,. George W. Sample, Burd Lacy, George W. Hatfield, Milton Heath, Catharine Stephens, Penelope Heath and William Sager.

When the free school law went into effect, David P. Pridd}', George W. Sample and William Leamon were elected first trustees, and they, together with Allen T. Hatfield as clerk, constituted the first board o*' township trustees.

Under their administration the first nine houses were located. Soon after the location had been decided upon,. George W. Sample was appointed route agent on the P., C. and St. L. R. R., and resigned the ofiice of trustee to enter upon the duties of route agent. Elisha Earl was appointed to fill the vacancy, and the houses were built as the first board had located them. At the expiration of William Leamon's term of office, Daniel Crane was elected a member of the board of trustees. When the law was amended so as to have but one trustee, instead of three, J5urd Lacy was elected and served one or two terms. David P. Priddy was next elected for several terms in succession. He was in ofiice when the county treasurer's.

office was robbed, and had deposited in the safe a considerable amount of the common school and township funds, and this was also taken. Mr. Priddy made good the loss to the township. Right here I cannot forbear saying that, in my opinion, this was wrong. His successors in office, in their regular order, were Philip Stinger, George W. Williams, James B. Clark, A. V. B. Sample, J. H. McKown and James F. McClarnon.

School-house number ten, or extra, was built on the lands of George W. Sample, in the year 1859. ^- ^- Sample taught the first school in the house, and it was here that some of the best teachers in the township received their start. The Addison school-house was built a tew 3-ears later, and was numbered seven, it taking the number of the Charlottesville school, Charlottesville having become an incorporated town, managing its own school fund.

Number eleven, or the first brick house built in the township, was on the larm of Burd Lacy, and was erected by A. V. B. Sample during his term of office as trustee.

The second brick, or Leamon's Corner school-house, was built by James F. McClarnon. J. H. McKown was the contractor on both houses, and thev are an honor to the township, and reflect much credit on the contractor.

Among those who have figured largely as teachers in the common schools of this township are T. W. Hatfield, William M. Lewis, A. V. B. Sample, J. H. Landis, Dr. A. B. Bundy, J. N. Sample, A. E. Sample, E. W. Smith, Ancil Clark, E. A. Lewis, George Burnett, Channing Staley, Eva Brosius, George W. Williams, R. H. Warrum, Vint. A. Smith, Ed. Scott, Edwin Braddock, Wallace A. Simmons and John E. Leamon. A. V. B. Sample is the veteran teacher of the township, he ha\'ing taught a little more than one hundred months, and served three 3'ears as school examiner of the county.

The educational interest of the township is good, and our home teachers will compare favorablv with those of - any other township in the county or state.

In 1835, Moses Braddock opened the doors of his dwelling to receive the itinerant ministry. During this; year Benjamin Cooper, a superannuated minister of the- Ohio conference, moved into the neighborhood and commenced preacliing the gospel. In the same year came Alfred Thomas. In 1836, F. C. Holliday and John F. Truslow were preachers in charge of the Knightstown circuit, to which Pleasant Hill belonged at that time. In 1837, ^' ^- Hibben and James Hill were ministers, during which time a small class of twelve members was. formed, viz. : Polly Burris, Margaret Braddock, Nancy Braddock, Barbar}- Braddock, Benjamin Cooper, Nanc}^ Cooper, Alfred Thomas, Jane Thomas, John M. Thomas, Matilda Thomas, and David and Marv Thomas. Alfred Thomas was the first steward and David Thomas the first class-leader.

In 1838, the members and neighbors, by voluntarylabor, built a log house for the purpose of holding worship and school. This house was a rude aftair indeed. The seats were split poles, and the fireplace would take in wood six feet in length. Along the north side was a narrow window, with oiled paper for light. In 1839, -^- -^- Berr}^ preached the first sermon in the house. Isaac Barrett taught the first school in the same. In 1840, George Havens and Greenley McLaughlin were on the aforesaid circuit. In 1841, D. F. Straight and D. W. Bowls were appointed on the charge. At the close of this vear Pleasant Hill was placed on the Greenfield circuit.

In 1852, under the pastorate of Rev. Francis M. Richmond, a new house was erected at a cost of $1,000. The house was dedicated by Rev. Richmond, the preacher in charge, a noble man of God.

The first trustees were John Jones, George Fisk, Elisha Earls, John M. Thomas, and David Thomas. The present trustees are the said John JM. and I)a\id Thomas, Robert ISIcClarnon, Henry McComas, and L. B. l^homas..

The present preacher is I. N. Rhoades. A Sunday-school was opened in this church in 1839J ^Y I^'i"^'i<^^ Thomas, and has been kept up in the summer and fall ever since.

In the early history of the township the Baptists held meetings regularly for a time in the north-west part of the township, at the house of Silas Huntington. The pastors were Revs. Dilla and Cunningham.

About the same time the New Light society built a log meeting-house in the north-east part of the township, and held forth for several years.

The first meetings by this society were held in a schoolhouse just south of town, on the banks of Six Mile. The first class-meeting was in 1850. The preachers in charge at that time were Stout and Kinman. The present building was erected in the year 1855, and services have been sustained ever since. The building is a good frame, and will seat three hundred and fifty persons. Some of the best citizens of Charlottesville belong to this branch of the church militant, and are willing workers in propagating truth and virtue. Present preacher, 1. N. Rhoades. Services semi-monthly. The present class-leaders are John T. Hatfield and A. T. Foley.

The Methodists at this point were enterprising in Sunday-school work, having organized a school about 1848, being prior to the establishment of a church. Tlie first superintendent was James P. Foley, followed in succession by Edward Raymond, John A. Craft, Anthonv Fort, Samuel Hall, Mr. Stanton, Asa Allison, Martin Fort, Henry Carroll, A. T. Foley, iVndrew Overton, Joseph Shultz, James B. vSparks, C\"rus 0\'erman, John T. Hat- field, and Thomas W. Hatfield. The present superintendent is John T. Hatfield. The school is in good condition, and regular and prompt in attendance.

was " set up " some time after the civil war. It is a branch of the Walnut Ridge Meeting, four miles south thereof. William Thornburgh, Joel Cox, Henry Bundy and John Taylor were earl}^ members, and still belong to the flock. Mrs. Amy Fulghum is the present preacher. The house is located in the south part of town, just across the railroad, and is, consequently, in Rush county ; but as the membership mostly reside in Charlottesville, and the church is really a part thereof, we think it proper to give it at least a passing notice. The house is a plain frame, capable of seating two hundred and fifty persons. The membership is not numerous nor wealthy, but pious and practical, and generally found in attendance not only on First Day, but at the "mid-week meetings." Some of the best temperance meetings ever held in Charlottesville were in this meeting-house.

A Bible school was organized in this church cotemporar}' with its establishment, which has been successfully sustained ever since. While the school does not have as much form as many others, it succeeds in doing solid work in a quiet wav.

was organized about the year 1838, and located two miles north of Charlottesville. The building was a small frame, which cost about seventy dollars in money and a handsome donation in labor. It was dedicated by Rev. John Burt. The first preachers were said John Burt and Kelly, Havens, Beemer, McMahan, Statler, and Layton. The first members were Henry Woods and wife, Benjamin Fort and wife, Ann Probasco, William Oldham and wife, Rolla Ramsey and wife, James Lakin and wife, Isaac

Hill and wife, Reuben Loudenback and wife, Anthony Fort and wife, Andrew Jackson and James P. Foley and wives, and Miss Oldham, now Mrs. P. J. Bohn.

This church has long since gone down, and the old building lias been removed ; but the old graveyard still remains to mark the place dear to many. Among the tirst burials here were Sarah Foley, daughter of John P. Foley ; John Bartlow and Mary E. I5ohn. Beneath the green grass and the encroaching wild briers of this lonely spot rest the mortal remains of several whose faces were once familiar to the older citizens.

In an earlv day Henry Woods and James P. Fole\- became bitter enemies, and tinallv had a frightful light. Shorth' after which there was a protracted meeting held at a school-house, one mile north of Charlottesville, at which those two parties were in attendance, and were alike convicted and went to the mourners' bench. Neither knew that the other was there. At about the same time both were converted and professed religion. The two arose about the same time, and seeing each other, each embraced the other in his arms, both claiming to be in the wrong in their difficulty. From that dav until death these parties were warm, faithful friends, and members of the M. E. church, and died in the faith.

was organized September 8, 1839, ^y Elders John Walker and Peter Reader, at the house of Daniel Priddy. Among the hrst members were Aaron Powell, Elizabeth Powell, Sisson Siddle, Lemuel Perrine, and Charlotte Tygart. The hrst clerk was Sisson Siddle. The hrst deacons, elected May 8, 1841, were Aaron Powell and Meredith Walker. The lirst elders, appointed in August, 1842, were Peter Furman, Jordon Lac\-, and Sanniel Smith.

The first house was erected in 1841, and known as Nameless Creek church. The second house was built in 1852, and was named "Union Meeting-house." Prior to the building of the church house, meetings were held at the private residences of Daniel Priddy, Peter Furman, and John Street. At this date there are about three hundred names on the church roll. David Franklin has been the regular minister ever since 1844.

organized a society in the neighborhood of Wesley Williams's, in Jackson township. Soon after a log church was built and occupied with varied success till 1861, when the old log church became unfit for a place of meeting. Some of the members having moved away and others died, an organization was effected of the remaining number by the Rev. D. S. Welling, in the school-house on Robert Smith's farm, who, with W^illiam Leamon, James M. Clark and William Williams, were elected trustees. Revs. Harvey Collins, Thomas Shipp and S. M. Lowden were among the successive pastors. In 1868, Thomas Shipp was again pastor, and Robert Smith, J. M. Clark, C. G. Sample, John N. Leamon and Peter Crider were the trustees. During this year the house of worship, known as Brown's Chapel, was built by J. B. Clark, and dedicated in October by George Brown, D. D. There has been a regular succession of pastors ever since. Rev. J. S. Sellers is the present preacher. Robert Smith, William Crider, Thomas Williams, W. Slifer and C. Gibbs are the trustees. This house is located one mile north of the National road, and a mile east of the west line of the township, near school-hcnise number nine.