Elkhart Township (part 2 of 5)

The trade of the works is principally with manufacturers in some six or eight of the Western'^States, the chief sales being made in Illinois, Missouri, Michigan, Iowa, Indiana and Kentucky. Some traveling for orders is done, but the great bulk of business seeks the factory direct.

During the first years of the business from 35 to 10 men were employed and the annual value of product was $40,000. Within a period of 10 years this value has risen to $130,000. The value ot machinery is estimated at $11,000 and that of the buildings at $19,000. Edward W. Walker is manager and proprietor.

The shops were established in 1872. The buildings cost $2,500, and the amount of annual product about $5,000. The working force has increased from two in 1872 to 12 in 1880.

The Wagon Factoet Of J. J. Delottee

1878 the sales were $18,000, in 1879 $27,000, and in 1880 $40,000. The trade of the firm extends over the Eastern and "Western States, with the principal markets in Chicago, ISTew York, Boston and - - '; the machinery at $3,000. The number of men employed in 1877 did not exceed 10, while now the factory gives employment to no less a number than 40. Five travelers are also employed, who sold during the past year $50,000 worth of tables, bedsteads and bureaus in Indiana, Iowa and Missouri. In 1876 the wares of the Messrs. Hattel were destroyed by fire, entailing a total loss of $1,300. The present firm comprises Messrs. Henry Kolb, Wm. Grose, D. W. and Jacob ITattel. Though young in years, it has made very favorable progress, and gives promise of reaching the climax of commercial prosperity.

This manufactory was established Jan. 1, 1880, by James A. Arthur, John Korrady, Jr., and xllfred Lowry. The number of men employed by this firm during the month of March, 1880, was four; at present the factory gives employment to 13, and is making such satisfactory progress, that an addition to the force may be necessary during the coming year.

The first cooperage was erected by Christian Angel in 1861 on Third street. He employed four men, who were occupied in turning out work for Messrs. Thomas & Stauflfer, J. H. Defrees, for his Syracuse mill, and Dr. E. W. H. Ellis' mills at Goshen. In 1862 the cooperage required the services of eight men. That year he rented steam power from Geo. Powell and used stave machinery. In 1863 he entered into partnership with M. M. Bartholomew, and moved the machinery one-half mile south of Goshen. Here the most remarkable progress was made, 20 men were employed, and the patronage of Messrs. "W. A. Thomas, 0. & E. Hawks, Geo. W. Ellis, of Goshen, and Turner & Company, of Chicago, secured. Before the close of the year M. M. Bartholomew disposed of his half interest to Mr. Angel, and the latter moved the machinery and shop to the present location on Second street, near Third and Madison. Here the work of the cooperage so increased that it gave employment to 35 men; but the fire-fiend attacked the shops Aug. 12, 1873, and destroyed both buildings and machinery. The proprietor lost by this fire about $4,000 directly, and indirectly, $1,500. The manufacturers, bankers and merchants offered to contribute an amount equal to the entire loss, and would have done so had not

Angel requested his good neighbors to desist. In 1871 a new building was completed and the cooperage again in full operation. Since that period a steady trade has been maintained, and many additions made to the buildings.

John B. Echart's factory, at the corner of Madison and Eighth streets, gives employment to three men. The principal wooden-ware produced comprises butter-tubs and tight work..

The Riverside Cigar Company

was formed early in 1876, with John A. Tiedeman as principal. The trade has been steadily increasing until now it approximates $3,000. The leaf used in the factory is principally purchased in Chicago and Detroit, and a market for the manufactured goods found within the county.

Manuel Gonzales

does a limited, but a paying trade. The manufacture of cigars here gives employment to seven men; the character of the goods is in high repute, and the extent of the trade satisfactory to the persons eno-aged in it.

The Noble School Fijbnit0Ee Company

The officers of the company are: J. M. Noble, President; L. H. Noble, Treasurer, and W. A. Bradford, Secretary, the active management of the business mainly resting with the two last named gentlemen, Mr. J. M. Noble finding his time occupied in the management of the large hardwood lumber interest of L. H. Noble & Son. He also, as elsewhere stated, is connected with the Goshen Woolen Mill Company. Mr. L. II. Noble came to Elkhart county in 1849, from Ohio, and ever since has been in active business here. The company established themselves in the school-furniture manufactory business in 1872, and they now employ 50 hands, and sell about $115,000 worth of furniture per year. They have a branch office and salesroom at 270 and 272 Wabash avenue, Chicago, under the charge ofC. R. Hewett, and orders or letters of inquiry addressed either here or there will meet with prompt attention.

The material used by the company in the construction of their school furniture and tables is wholly walnut, and ash. The school furniture is made with alternate strips of this inaterial, so that the effect is pleasing to the eye; the seat conforms itself to the body in such a natural manner as to avoid fatigue. This accomplished, that is, conformity to the natural^cse of the body, it became necessary to embody other points of excellence, so that strength and durability should be combined with an appearance of lightness.

In the manufacture of school furniture especial attention is also paid to teachers' desks of various patterns. The firm also sell globes, chairs, blackboards and the many adjuncts of the school-room.

The factory itself is by the side of the L. S. & M. S. E'y, having abundant side track. The main building is a three story frame structure (built last year) 46zl00 feet. The engine, boiler rooms and kilns are 42x65 feet, and a two-story wareroom, frame, 44x98 feet, is now building. The work rooms may really be considered models in their way. They are splendidly lighted, are heated by steam, and every convenience exists for prosecuting work expeditiously. The various machinery in use (and machinery is used wherever it can be to advantage) is of the best pattern, selected with special reference to the peculiar lines of manufacture engaged in by the company. The buildings, although frame, are well protected against fire by a thorough system of pipes and hose, with abundant water supply, and, taken all in all, the most casual visitor can see that the works are the result of experience and careful observation.

This beautiful residence is situate on East Market street, and occupies a section of the block forming the northwestern frontage. The house was erected in lS75-'6, at a direct cost of $19,000. The exterior, though architecturally complete, conveys but a small idea of its interior beauty. The style of the building is early Gothic with all its turrets and pointed gables. The abutment or substructure is composed of variegated stones, cut down to a uniform square and pointed in cement. The wood used in the exterior frame is all yellow poplar, as enduring as cedar. The grounds form a plain green terrace through which 1,000 square feet of concrete pavement lead to the exits and entrances, and all is enclosed by a neat network of iron paling. Without this fence the owner caused over 1,500 feet of concrete sidewalk to be laid down and shade trees to be planted along the street. The maples on the southern front prospered, but the birch trees on the east are battling with the change of location. However, most of these are thrifty and will become living ornaments to that portion of the city.

As has been said, all this exterior beauty gives very little idea of the interior magnificence. Mr. ISToble has introduced within the building a style and pleasing solidity of wood work which the traveler has failed to see eclipsed, perhaps equ&led, in the houses of many European monarchs. Black and white walnut, butternut and polished ash are used throughout in the doors and walltrimmings. The furniture is ebonized wood, and the drapery or upholstery comprise maroon rep, variegated damask or green satin. Let us travel through this mansion. Entering through a double massive gate in solid wood, of the costliest grain, the main hall is reached. The base, surbase and wainscoting are butternut, with walnut facings. The walnut is precisely similar in quality to that used in veneering, is solid, and bestows an appearance upon the hallatonce telling and. effective. The dining room is unequaled in its decoration. The base, surbase and alternate laths of the wainscoting are solid black walnut of the choicest grain. The intervening laths are white walnut of the best quality. The window blinds, frames and sashes, with the five doors leading from the room, are all en suite. The sideboard is a massive piece of furniture, made of solid walnut boards, supplied by the owner, and a table of the same material. The kitchen is one of the apartments near the dining saloon; the wall and window trimmings are almost similar to those used in the decoration of the dining hall with the exception tha.t ivhiie walnutho! Js the place occupied by Mack in the former description. The four doors leading to this neat culinary are massive and correspond those leading to the dining hall. The bath-room off the hall is as cozy as it is costlj'; all that artifice could do to render this little apartment luxurious has been done, no expense has been spared, and consequently it is all that man may desire in such a connection.

The first parlor is on the left-hand side of the hall. The doors leading to it are paneled in polished butternut with heavy black walnut facing, and are hung on wheels. The base, surbase and wainscoting, with window frames and blinds, are all made in the same woods and so correspond. The center table, piano and mirror frames, with other articles of furniture are in ebonized wood, while the drapery is a rich maroon rep. The sitting-room on the opposite side of the hall is in white walnut with black-walnut facings, with furniture of the most superb description, and variegated drapery. The first bedroom is ofll:'this reception parlor. It is entered through a massive door of polished ash and solid black walnut. The base, surbase, wainscoting, window frames, blinds and furniture correspond so that the eflfect is simply beautiful. The bath-room referred to previously is off this room, and is furnished in the same manner. The stairway is a work of art. Beginning with the newell, which supports the many-lighted gasolier, it may be said to be a solid block of walnut with mosaic ornamentation. The hand rail through all its length is solid walnut of the choicest grain, and bearing a high polish. The guard rails are heavy polished ash and well designed. This beautiful stairway leads upward to the principal lobby. The rooms on the second fioor are all large, airy apartments, furnished most tastefully, if not luxuriously, and differ only from the splendid rooms beneath in possessing a lightsome appearance, caused principally by the employment of white walnut and tinted woods in decorating the walls, as well as in the window frames and doors.

The beauty of the lumber chosen by Mr. jSToble for his residence must be seen to be known and admired. Nothing more peculiarly entertaining in interior house decoration has ever been brought under the notice of the writer, and this fact connected with the great, the important part taken by the owner in building up this city of Goshen must for ever mark him as a man of high taste and extraordinary enterprise.

Railway Statistics

It will be sufficient for the purposes of comparison to give the statistics of the same depot for three months ending Aug. 31, 1880. The increase in freight received and forwarded will be apparent, and speaks, with the accuracy of figures, the almost unparalleled advances made by the city.

These figures show the extension of trade or exportation to be spreading East and West, and the importation of raw material, for use in the mills, to be from the South.

Village Of Wateefoed

The village of Waterford is situated on the east side of the Elkhart river, in Elkhart township, on section 28. The land was originally owned by Judge Elias Baker, who erected a small log dwelling and a grist-mill here in 1833, John McBride being the mill-wright. Tlie Rev. Azel Sparklin settled on the Sparklin farm, adjoining Waterford on the east, in 1829. lie was a local Methodist preacher, the first minister in the neighborhood, and the only one for several years. He for a 'long time performed nearly all the marriage ceremonies and preached the funeral sermons in the surrounding country. Major John W. Yiolett, whose name is also identified with the early history of Waterford and with the history of the couDty, likewise settled here in 1829, his lands adjoining the village. Mr. Cephas Hawks, Sr., visited this county in 1835, and bought the Baker property in June, 1836. Mr. Cephas Hawks, Jr., settled in Middlebury in the spring of 1836, but came to what is now Waterford in the fall of that year and took possession of his father's property, in which he soon afterward purchased an interest. At a later date Mr. David Ballentine also bought an interest in the propert}'; and in the summer of 1S38 the village was laid out by Ballentine, C. Hawks, Sr., and C. Hawks, Jr. In the fall of 1836 Cephas Hawks, Sr. & Sons opened a store in a small shanty, but built a larger store-room the next year, in which the firm and their successors, the sons, kept store for many years. Dr. H. Heatwole, the first established physician here, came in May, 1853. The Hawkses built a new mill near the site of the old one in 1843 and '4i; and in 1868, on the completion of the Goshen hydraulic canal, the Waterford dam was taken down and the mill removed to Goshen. The first postofiice was established here in 1854, and S. D. Lombard was appointed postmaster. He was succeeded by Frank Johnson, and Johnson by "W. L. Baker, who had the office discontinued. About the year 1865 the office was re-established, and W. D. Platter appointed postmaster. The Methodist church was built about the year 1842, the Methodists having met for worship prior to that time in the school house. In 1853 the Christian church was built, and in 1858 the Associate Reformed Presbyterian church. The latter denomination has now no preaciiing here, and their church was removed to Rodibaugh's grave-yard a few years ago. A frame school-house was erected here about 40 years ago, and the building is now occupied by Mrs. Barlow as a dwelling. A one-story brick school-house was erected in 1858, and the present fine two-story building about the year 18-71. In 1851 a Mr.Wegely started a small pump shop here. This shop was afterward purchased by Jonas Shively, and then by W. D. Platter. The latter removed it to Goshen, where he carried on an extensive business, and recently sold out to W. L. Bivins.

There was at one time a large amount of business done at Waterford, particularly at the mill. Farmers from a distance of many miles and from all directions came here to get their wheat converted into flour and their corn cracked.

Bethel (or Christian) Church, at Waterford. This church is known by many as the New-Light " Christian Cliurch, to designate it from the '' Campbellite " Christian Church. It is now situated at

"Waterford, Elkhart township, but was organized at Benton, in Benton township, Oct. 9, 184:2, by Elder Peter Banta, with a membership of nine. Their names were as follows: David Monroe, David Bowser, Benjamin Benner, Elias Baker, Isaac Longeer, Eliza Stanley, Caroline Benner, Elizabeth Bowser and Maria Monroe. But three of the charter members are living, viz.: Benjamin Benner, Caroline Benner and Elizabeth Bowser. This little band of worshipers adopted nothing but the Bible for its rule of faith and practice. There were no meetings held at Beuton after the organization, for the place of meeting was immediately changed to the log school-house one mile west of Waterford.

The first pastor was Kev. Banta, the founder. The first conference in the district was held in 1850, in the barn of William Albin, who resided near Waterford. They erected a house of worship in Waterford, in 1853, and ISTov. 26 of the same year changed the name or title of the Church (or class) to that of the Christian Church at Waterford. They sustain regular services aud have a flourishing little Church of 50 communicants. The present pastor is Kev. Geo. Abbott.

Personal Sketches

This most important branch of township history must commend itself to every one. That it necessarily contains much valuable information and the relation of a series of events more or less historical is conceded. Therefore it is considered just and proper, that anything which may have a place in the pages devoted to it should be passed lightly over in the foregoing chapters, in order that repetition might be avoided, aud the more precise and complete facts intermingled with the always interesting reminiscences generally given in personal sketches.

Hon. Charles B. Alderman, present Mayor of the city of Goshen, was born in Greenville, Vt., Nov. 16, 1828, the son of Bidwell and Yesta (Smith) Alderman. The former died before the subject of this sketch was born, leaving the care of the family to the sorrowing widow, who removed to Western New York when Charles was two years old, and located at Leroy. Mrs. Alderman afterward married the father of General Hascall, now of Goshen, and thus became the step-mother of the General. They remained in Leroy till the spring of 1851. and while there he attended district school. At the age of 16 he left the farm and was engaged as a clerk in a grocery and crockery store, owned and conducted by Steward Chamberlain. He held this position till he was of age, when, close confinement having impaired his health, he engaged in contracting and building for three years, an occupation designed to benefit his health on account of the outdoor exercise it gave him. During this period he was married to Miss Elizabeth McLaren, a lady of Scotch ancestry. In the fall of 1853 Mr. Alderman came to Middlebury, this county, and in 1854 he located in Goshen. "When Mr. and Mrs. Alderman settled in Goshen their only child had been born to them, a son, George F., who is now cashier of the Sherman House, Chicago.

When well settled in Goshen Mr. Alderman went into the emploj'ment of Hascall & Ellis, 'as clerk in the large mercantile house they were then conducting. Wlieu that firm made an assignment, and A. W. Hascall & Co. bought the stock, Mr. Alderman went into the firm as tliird partner. In the spring of 1856 the firm sold their business to West & Gallantine, who after six months of trade desired a change, when Hascall, Alderman & Brown bought them out. In 1860 Mr. Brown sold his interest to his partners and retired, and Hascall & Alderman continued the business till 1864, when A. jST. Elascall bought an interest in the firm, Mr. Hascall also retiring in the spring of 1865. In the spring of 1868 Mr. Alderman sold his interest to Gen. Hascall, and left the firm on account of failing health. Daring his career as a retail dealer in goods, himself and associate partners, from 1856 to 1868, sold over |l,000,000 worth of goods.

The time at length arrived when Mr. Alderman was to make a new departure and become a manufacturer instead of a merchant. In 1869 he joined forces with Mr. James E. Winuegar, and began to build the Goshen Woolen Mills. This work was finished in 1870. Tl'ey erected the substantial three-story-and-basement brick structure, which is such an important feature among the improvements on the hydraulic canal, and filled it with costly and modern machinery. This establishment has since been one of the principal industries of Goshen, and is a lasting honor to its projectors and builders. In 1872 Gen. Hascall took a third interest in the business, but in 1875 he sold his share to J. M. Noble, the firm as thus reorganized continuing business till 1879, when a sale of tlie entire establishment was made to the present owners, mention of whom is made elsewhere in this volume. In 1875 Mr. Alderman joined the stock company that now controls the Goshen Gas Works, himself taking half the stock. He has since occupied the position of president of the company.

Mr. Alderman's otiicial life in Goshen began in 1874, when he was elected Councilman of the first ward for the term of two years. In 1876 he was elected Mayor, and his fellow. citizens honored him with a re-election in 1878. Still pleased with his administration of municipal aflairs, Mr. Alderman was elected Mayor for a third time in 1880. This last election, however, was not an easy '' walk-over,'' for his opponents urged the battle against him to the utmost. But such was Mr. Alderman's popularity that he came through the contest victorious by a handsome majority.

Daring bis term as member of the Common Council Mr. Alderman was Chairman of the Finance Committee, and also of that on the water-works, and the duty of placing the water-works bonds devolved upon him. Tlie bonded indebtedness was negotiated at satisfactor}- rates to tax-payers of the city, and Mr. Alderman won high praise for his efficiency in this important business.

Mr. Alderman has been a Freemason since 1S64, when he took the Master's degree iu Goshen lodo-e, 'No. 12, and was raised in that lodge Feb. 11, 1867. lie is at present a Eoyal Arch Mason in Goshen Chapter, No. 4-5, and was exalted June 8, 1888; a member of Bashor Council, No. 15, and a member of South Bend Ojramandery, No. 1-3. Mayor Alderman's life since he came to Goshen has been crowded with events, and no resident of the city has been more honored and distinguished by his fellow-citizens.

John J^aJcer, one of the aged citizens of Elkhart county, was born in Bedford county, Pa., in 1801. He is thus 79 years of age, yet at tliis writing he is vigorous and active, and signs his name in a bold, distinct and strong hand. His father's name was John, and his mother'?, maiden name was Barbara Hershey, the latter living till the age of 96, and but recently deceased. The family is of German descent. When John was 21 years of age his mother removed to Ohio, the children accompanying her, the father having previously died, and the mother having married a Mr. Arnold. Mr. Baker remained in Ohio till 1834, when he came to Elkhart county, Ind. He was married at the age of 23, and settled on a farm two miles west of "Waterford. This property he traded for the farm he now occupies. It was formerly the Joseph Stouter estate, and Mr. Baker arranged the transfer with the heirs. Mr. Baker has been on this farm for 23 years, and has brought it to a high state of cultivation. He has three living children by his first wife. His second marriage was in 1835, to Susanna (Cripe) Stouter, widow of Joseph Stouter. He has also three living children as the result of this union. Mr. Baker belongs to the German Baptist denomination. He is, as a man, a remarkable instance of strong and hearty old age, and may live yet many years.

Hon. John H. Baker, M. C, was born in Parma tp.. New York, Feb. 28, 1832; removed at an early age with his parents to the present county of Fulton, Ohio, where he assisted in such farm labor as is incident to frontier life until he was nearly 21 years of age. His school education was limited to a few winter terms of the pioneer kind. He afterward taught school, and attended the Wesleyan University at Delaware, O., completing the first two years of the college course; studied law at Adrian, Mich.; was admitted to the Bar; commenced practice in 1857 at Goshen, iu which he wae constantly engaged until his election to Congress in the fall ot 1874; was elected as a Republican by 13,671 votes, against 13,613 for his opponent. Freeman Kelley; was re-elected in the fall of 1876 by 18,481 votes, against 16,273 for the same opponent. He has been re-elected twice since that time. In the 44th Congress he was second on the Committee on Elections, and as a working member he perhaps took a more prominent part than any other. In the 45th Congress he was on the Committee on Appropriations, and took a very active part. In the 46th he was continued on the same Committee, and ranks first on the Republican side. Other members of this Committee are Frank Hiscock, of New York; James Monroe, of Ohio; Jay A. Hubbell, of Michigan; and J. G. Cannon, of Illinois.

James Beck was born in Fleming county, Kentucky, Oct. 20, 1803 . J. Beck, his father, was also born in Kentucky, but now deceased; was the father of 16 children, of whom 4 were girls and 12 were boys. Mr. J. Beck was a man of untiring energy and perseverance, and accumulated a snug little fortune, but too insignificant to start his large family out in the world with a capital that would support them for any great length of time. Mr. James Beck, being a man of pluck, and determined to secure wealth and position, came northward and settled in this county, where his energy and daring soon became known, and he was elected the first Constable of this county, which office he tilled with credit to himself, and to the satisfaction of his constituents, who, not being satisfied with the honors already bestowed upon our pioneer, elected him Sherifi of the county in 1832, which office he administered as only a man of his peculiar qualifications could. The people being highly pleased with the manner in which he dispatched the business of the office, in 1S34 again elected him Sherifi", but after serving for one year, he resigned.

He was married to Miss Sarah West, of St. Joseph county, Sept. 7, JS34, who was born April 12, 1813. There were born to Mr. and Mrs. Beck 3 children, 2 girls and 1 boy, all of whom are living, and respected citizens of Goshen. Hannah Jane was married in 1877; Mary E. and James A. are living at home, administering to the wants of their father, who has so kindly cared for them in their infancy until such times as they were able to go forth and battle the world alone. Mrs. Beck is a woman of delicate taste and lofty purpose, and has not failed to instill into the minds of her children while they yet conld be easily molded, the same noble and inspiring elements.

In 1831 an unmarried man by the name of Morgan, being indebted on a note to the amount of ^50, and at the maturity of said note being unable to pa}' the same, a capias was issued for his arrest. Being better posted than his pursuers, he had fled from the county to avoid being arrested. Mr. Beck, not knowing that his power to arrest was limited, pursued Morgan, and came up with him in an adjoining county, and undertook to make the arrest. Morgan, not willing to be thus deprived of his freedom, informed the Constable that his papers were valid only in the county for which he was act- ing as Constable, and thus tantalized Mr. Beck to his entire satisfaction. At last Mr. B., not knowing what to do, consulted an attorney, who suggested that they issue a civil process, which was done, and in due time the debt was collected.

The second arrest was made in what is now known as Benton. A man numed Lyman Leonard, a counterfeiter, was the victim. He was arrested and tried at Goshen, in an old log house, and found guilty and sent to Jeffersonville for five years. His accomplice, Wilkinson, was acquitted, as there was not sufficient evidence to warrant a conviction. He was taken by Mr. Beck to Jetfersonville, on horseback, having his legs and hands shackled, as he was a desperate character. There was considerable difficulty experienced in taking Leonard to Jeffersonville, but Mr. B., being accustomed to the wilds of a new country, was equal to the emergency, and successfully performed his duty.

Joseph C- Beck, one of the prominent merchants of Goshen, was born in York county. Pa., Sept. 30, 1S36. His parents were Joseph and Lydia (Chust) Beck. Mr. Beck's boyhood was passed at home, a portion of his time being spent in common school. For some time after he arrived at manhood's estate he was a dealer in genera] merchandise, at Davidsburg, York county. Pa. He came to Goshen in 1859, and here embarked in the general grocery and dry-goods trade in 1S65. In the same year he married Miss Caroline E. Shaeffer, by whom he has four children. 3 sons and 1 daughter. Two of these sons, George and Clinton, are now with their father in his store. The youngest son, Weston, is pursuing his school studies. The two older sons are graduates of the Goshen high school, and the daughter, Anna, will graduate in the spring, having taken a Latin course. Mr. Beck's store, on the corner of Maine and Market streets, is one of the best known places of the kind in town, which has been made conspicuous not only by his liveliness as a merchant, but also by his unique way of advertising by the bulletin-board system. He originated the Goshen Building and Land Association, which is a chartered institution; was its first president, and is now its secretary. This association was organized in 1874, and has a pledged capital of .$50,000 and an authorized capital of $100,000. The company has already built a dozen houses. Mr. Beck was also the first who moved to raise stock for the Elkhart County Agricultural Society, and was elected its treasurer at the first annual meeting of the directors, and has held that position since. Mr. Beck took an active part in securing gaslight lor Goshen, and was instrumental in getting a pledge of stock to the gas company. He is an active man in private and public Inisiness, and one of the most useful citizens of Goshen. He is a member of the English Lutheran Church of Goshen, and is at present Deacon. He is a Democrat in politics, and is a member of the Masonic order, belonging to Bashor Council, Blue Lodge 306, and to the Chapter.

Milton J. Beoh, Esq., attorney and Justice of the Peace, is one of the younger representative men of Goshen. He was born in Allen county, Ind., and has spent most of his life in this State. His father is Noah Beck, and his mother's maiden name was Joanna Jenkins. His father was a Pennsylvanian of English descent, and his mother was a native of Virginia, and also descended from English ancestry. "Wlien the subject of this sketch was eight years of age his parents moved to Ohio, settling in Miami county, where they remained four 3'ears. They then ventured another removal, tbis time trying their fortunes in Elkhart county, Ind. During childhood Mr. Beck attended the common schools nearest at hand; when older he enjoyed the advantages of the high school, finishing his education in that department of instruction. At the age of 19 he began teaching, and continued that occupation till he was 33, studying law with Baker &, Mitchell daring that time. At the end of a three-years' course of law study he was admitted to the Bar, and immediately thereafter opened an office in Goshen. He was elected Justice of the Peace in the spring of 137S, and was married in the month of June following to Miss Mary L. Billings, daughter of Capt. E. L. Billings, of Goshen. They have 1 child.

Though Esquire Beck is yet a young man he has made a flattering progress in his profession, and can look hopefully forward to a career of prosperity. He is a Republican in politics, and a member of the Methodist denomination. He is President of the State Firemen's Association, a member of the Hose Company Ko. 3, Goshen, and takes much interest in the means of fire defense. In a word, he is an active and useful member of Goshen society, and is acknowledged as sncli by his friends and neighbors.

Dr. Henry J . Beyerle was born in Berks county, Pa., June 4, 18'23. When he arrived at the proper age, he attended the village school for a few months each winter until he was 16, when he was installed as clerk in a small countr}- store. Later in life he entered npon the study of medicine with Dr. McDonough, at Bernville, Pa., and he was graduated at Philadelphia Medical College in 1S50. He piracticed his profession in ditferent localities in Pennsylvania until the spring of 1S56, when he came to Indiana. After stopping a few months in Goshen, he removed to Syracuse, Kosciusko county, and subsequently to Leesburg, in the same county, engaging in the practice of medicine. In 1S62 he was elected to the State Legislature, serving through the stormy and eventful session of 1863.

In 1865 Dr. Beyerle again took up his residence in Goshen, engaging in the drug business, in which he still continues. About the year 1871 he took charge of the business of the Goshen Manufacturing Company, of which he was the leading stockholder. The company had a foundry and machine shops, engaging in the manufacture of reapers and other machinery, and doing also a general foundry business. Dr. Beyerle introduced the manufacture of extension tables as a part of their business, and this soon became the most important branch of it. Their tables were shipped east to tlie Atlantic and west to the Pacific; also north into Canada, and south as far as Tennessee and South Carolina. Other shops for the manufacture of extension tables were started in Goshen and surrounding country, until their manufacture became a leading enterprise of Elkhart count\'.

In the spring of 1S77, Dr. Beyerle purchased a half interest in the Goshen Times, and in August. ISSO. he became sole proprietor and editor of that paper. In politics he was a Whig while there was such a party, casting his first vote for Henry Clay for President, and he has given the Kepublican party his support since its organization. In his earlier years, Dr. Beyerle coutributed a variety of articles, both in poetry and" in prose, to some of the leading magazines of Philadelphia and New York; and he wrote also a few reports of interescing medical cases to the Philadelphia Medical and S Magical Jo'wni 1.1. He now gives the Times his exclusive attention. In Goshen he has served the people in the City Council and upon the School Board, and he has always taken an interest in the local enterprises of the day.

Dr. Beyerle has been married three times, namely: to Miss Lydia Bicksler, of Fredericksburg, Pa., who died in 1862; to Miss Amelia Shull, of Montpelier, Ind.,""who died in 1S77, and to Miss M. Ellen Taneyhill, of Bryan, Ohio, his present wife. He has .5 living children, 3 sons and 2 daughters.

H. W. Bissell was born in Oneida county, N. Y., June 26, 1812, and is a son ofEliphaz and Diantha (JSTorton) Bissell, natives of Litchfield count}'. Conn. The former was a surgeon in the war of 1812. Mr. B. was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools, and Cazenovia (N. Y.) Seminary. He came to Goshen in 1S37, where he began selling goods in 1839, in which he remained a few years, and then engaged in buying grain. He was married May 7, 1840, to Miss Sabrina A. Spencer, by whom he had 3 children, 1 living, Amelia Jennette, now Mrs. A. E. Billings, of Jackson, Michigan. Mrs. Bissell died May 26, 1816, and he again married, Oct. 10, 1817, Mrs. Anna M. Sands, who died May 19, 1880 . Mr. Bissell owns a farm of 600 acres, which he runs by hired men, and resides in Goshen. He is an Elder in the Presbyterian Church.

Prof. Ambrose Blunt, son of Ebenezer and Margaret (Sproul) Blunt, was born in Bristol, Lincoln Co., Me., jSTov. li, 1835. His ancestors are of English descent upon his father's side, and of Irish extraction upon his mother's side. They came to America long before the Kevolution, and settled in New England. His great-grandmother was aKaler, and of German descent. His grandfather, Samuel Blunt, was a man of unusual literary attainments, and the distinguished Edmund M. Blunt is of the same family. The father of Mr. Blunt was a sea captain, and followed the sea for many years. Later in life he became a farmer. His grandfather on his mother's side was a man of wealth and intiuence in Maine. His ancestors were in the Revolution, and his grandfather was a soldier in the war of 1812.

Mr. Blnnt's youth was spent on the farm, receiving his early education in the district school. At the age of 16 he entered Lincoln Academy, at K"ew Castle, Maine, with the intention of fitting himself for a teacher, and continued during the fall term, and the following winter taught school. For four years he worked on the farm in summer, attended school in the fall, and taught in the winter. In March, 1856, he entered Yarmouth Academy, at Yarmouth, Maine, and commenced studies preparatory to entering college, giving special attention to the Greek and Latin languages. He remained here about three years, teaching during the winter months. In the spring of 1859 he was elected Supervisor of Schools in his native town, and held the office for one year, during which time great improvement was made in the schools. In the autumn of 1859 he entered the freshmen class of Waterville College (now Colby University), at Waterville, Maine. He continued in this institution three years, taking a high stand as a scholar, especially in the languages and mathematics. While here he taught during the winter vacations. In the fall of 1862, having obtained an honorable dismission from this institution, he, after passing a rigid examination, entered the senior class of the Wesleyan Uni- at Middletown, Conn., vviiere he graduated with honors in July, J 863, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and subsequently, in 1866, the degree of Master of Arts. During his seven years'[course of study he received no pecuniary aid from any one, but depended entirely upon his own labor for support. Soon after graduating he took charge of Cincinnatus Academy, JSI. Y., where he remained four years. Under his management this academy acquired a standing as a scientific and classical school equal to any in that part of the State. He resigned this position in the summer of 1867, and took charge of Deposit Academy, New York, the following autumn. Here he remained two years, with eminent success, and upon resigning this position he accepted a call to take charge of the Salem high school, at Salem, Ohio. This school, under his administration, ranked with the best in the State. The mathematical course was equal to that of any Western college, and in the classical de]Dartment the course in the ancient and modern lansjuages fitted pupils for any college. He continued here two years. Many of the students who attended his variotis schools, are now physicians, lawyers, ministers of the gospel, teachers of eminence and authors. Prof H; J. Worman, author of a German grammar, and Prof. Roberts, formerly of Lyons, N. Y., were members of his school. One of his pupils took the first prize at Princeton College, and a post-graduate's fellowship.

upon a business that would give relaxation and exercise. In Deposit he had an interest in a book store, and was also editor of the ' ' Deposit Courier for two years, in connection with Hon. Joshua Smith of that place. In the summer of 1S71 he came to Goshen, . - "'; ' and purchased the book and stationery store of C. J. Madden. In the following October he formed a partnership with Charles C. Latta, of Goshen, and added a news department to the business. They greatly enlarged the business, and had a rapidly increasing trade. He sold his interest to Mr. Latta in 1876. The professor is, in every sense of the woi'd, a self-educated man, having paid his own way through college at an expense of about $1,600. .' ;"^ He married Miss Elizabeth J. Lee, of Cincinnatus, New York, in - July, 1S65. She is a daughter of Mr. G. Lee, formerly of Con- - .: necticnt, and on her mother's side, is a relative of the Browns, ,- founders of Brown University. She is a graduate of Mt. Holyoke :; Seminary, Mass., and a person of fine literary attainments. They / have 5 children living, viz.: Charles Lee, James Griswold, Georgianna Cleis, Achsa Margaret and Harry E., and a deceased child named llermione.

Congregational Church at Deposit, iSl. Y. Since coming to Goshen he and Mrs. Blunt have united with the Presbyterian Church. The professor stands prominent as an educator. During the past 15 . ' tutes. lie has been one of the principal lecturers in the Elkhart County- Teacher's Institute for the last eight years, and is _ . one of the originators of the Elkhart County STormal School. In 1876 he took charge of the Goshen city schools, and has been eminently successful as their Superintendent in advancing the educational interests of Goshen until these schools have become , ; an honor to this thrifty little city. He still remains in this position.

Rev. Henry A. Boeckelmann. Pastor of St. John's (Catholic) Church, Goshen, was born in Hanover, Germany, March 31,1851. His father's name was Francis Boeckelmaiin,and his mother's maiden name was Ann Schroeder. He came to this country with his parents in the fall of 1853, when he was bat three years of age. The passage was made in the ship Cerro Gordo, which sailed from , - :

Ohio, and at length reached Logansport, Ind. Mr. Boeckelmann remembers his parents relating how that on the passage over from Europe the Moorish pirates attacked the vessel, when some distance from the Spanish coast, but were repulsed by the determined resistance offered by the crew. The voyage from the very beginning was tempestuous and unfortunate. When the Cerro Gordo had ffot outside of the Bremen harbor it encountered a hurricane.

and was driven back to port. A young man had already died aboard the ship, and the corpse was left on shore where the vessel was driven back. When the ship set sail again continuous gales were experienced, and a long time was consumed making a few hundred miles. The sea was so heavy, and the ship behaved so badly, that many of the inexperienced landsmen sickened with very fright, and during a severe gale, when the mainmast broke and fell into the sea. the terror culminated in a scene of wild contusion. It was thought that several died of fright. During the passage, which consumed four mouths, 32 deaths occurred on board.

When the elder Mr. Boeckelmann and his family were settled in Logansport, he engaged in the stone business, which he followed for many years. Henry attended common and parish schools, and early evinced a tendency to books and a learned profession. At the age of IS he entered the Christian Brothers' College, St. Louis, where he remained six years and one term, graduating at the close. He then began a course of theological study at St. Viateur's Seminary, Bourbonnais Grove, 111. This curriculum was passed in 1877, and for one year thereafter Mr. Boeckelmann remained as professor of natural sciences. After the expiration of this engagement he enjoyed a vacation, and at length received an appointment to the pastorate of St. John's Church, Goshen, by Bishop Joseph Dwenger, of Ft. Wayne diocese. He arrived at the scene of his labors July 28, 1878. He has continued this pastoral relation ever since. He succeeded Father M. F. Noll. He has a flourishing congregation. During his residence in Goshen he has built a house of worship in Millersburg, where there is a Church of several families. Father Boeckelmann is a gentleman of genial temper and cultivated, liberal mind, courteous and companionable, and is highly prized by the people to whom he ministers.

John W. Chapman was born July 20, 1828, in Hocking county, Ohio, and was the son of Jasper and Mary (Inbody) Chapman. His father was a farmer, and removed to Elkhart county, Indiana, when John was young. At 18 years of age Mr. Chapman engaged to learn the edge-tool trade at Waterford, this county, and continued that occupation for 12 years. He at length bought a farm three miles from Goshen, on the west side of the river, and improved it. He also made edge-tools on his farm. He was married when he was 20 years of age to Miss Phoebe Snyder, of this township. They have had seven sons and two daughters. The sons all remain at home, and assist their father in farm labor and in the manufacture of cutlery. xVt first Mr. Chapman began to make edge tools on a small scale, and his power was furnished by a footlathe only. Then his business so increased that he procured a sixhorse engine, and continued operations on his farm. Finally he bought property and established a factory a little west of Goshen, placed a 35-horse-power engine therein, and enlarged his facilities -.0 that now he employs 12 or li hands constantly. His goods have now been placed in the hands of laro;e jobbers, and are meeting with much favor and a ready sale. His manufacture embraces butcher, bread, pruning- and table knives. Mr. Chapman's enterprise may be the nucleus of a lar^e business in the not distant future.

Wm. W. Cohtunx was born in Hocking county, Ohio, Oct. i, 1827, and is a son of James and Sarah (Webb) Cobbuni, the former a native of Rockbridge county, Va., and the latter of Harrison county, Ya. He was reared on a farm, and educated in the common school. At the age of nine he had a white swelling upon his left lower arm, which rendered him a cripple for life. In 1838 he came with his parents to Wells county, Ind., and located on a farm. At the age of 14 he engaged as an ox-driver, which business he followed for nine years. He then worked in an ashery two years; since which tinje he has spent the most of his time on a farm. He was Superintendent of the County Infirmary four years in Wells county, and has occupied the same position in Elkhart county for nearly three years past. He was married in 1851, to Miss Elizabeth Burgess, by whom he had 1 child, deceased. She died in March, 1857, and he again married in 1861, this time Miss Urillah Shoup, daughter of David Shoup, of Lagrange county. Ind. Mrs. Cobbum is a native of Bedford county. Pa. They have 4 (!;hildren, viz: David, Charlotte E., Emma A. and Amos W. The first Methodist sermon in Wells county, Ind., was delivered in the house ot Mr. Cobbum's father in 1839, by Kev. Elza Lank.

Jacob G. Cooper, an early settler of this county, was born in Northumberland county. Pa., Feb. 25, 1813. His father, John Cooper, was a native of Germany, and was a soldier in the war of 1812. He narrowly escaped being taken prisoner at the surrender of Hull. The subject of this sketch was brought up on a farm, and received a common-school education in Fairfield county, Ohio. He worked upon the Ohio canal for three summers during its construction, lie then went to Hancock county, Ohio, and purchased SO acres of timber land. He worked very hard; his father died when he was but 15 years old, which threw a great responsibility upon him. He came to this county in 1849, settled on sec. 17, Middlebury tp., where he engaged in farming for several years. He was married in 1835 to Miss Judith Woodward, by whom he had 13 children, but 3 of whom are livini>-, viz.: Julia A., James 0. and Oscar D. Mrs. Cooper died in 1862, and he again married, this time Sarah Karn, of German descent. Six children are the fruit of this union: Carrie A., Aredia B., I-Iattie M., Sena E., Nellie M., and Gracie. Mr. C. is a Christian man and holds a letter from the M. E. Church in the county where he formerly lived. He removed to Goshen in 1865. He still owns a good farm.

B. H. Crider was born in Franklin county, Pa., Nov. 7, 1816, and is a son of George and Frances (Hoover) Crider, also natives of Pennsylvania, and of German descent. Mr. Crider was reared on a farm and received a common-school education. At the age of 19 years he learned the carpenter trade, at whicli he has worked for the most part for over 20 years. He was married in 1843 to Miss Sarah Saurbangh, by whom he lias 2 children: Orlando and Retta. For 16 years after he was m.irried Mr. Crider engaged in farming. He came to AVhite Pigeon, Mich., in 1S.55, and to Elkhart county in 1856. In 1859 he went into the grocery business in Gi-oshen. This he soon abandoned, when he engaged as a clerk with Wm. A Thomas, of Goshen, for the period of three years in his dry-goods store, then located in Ligonier, Ind. He then worked at his trade until ISfitt. At that time he was appointed Superintendent of the County Poor Farm, which situation he held until 1878. He is now working at his trade, and is a fine workman. He erected the First Baptist church edifice and several nice residences. He has been a worthy member of the M. E. Church for -lO years.

Emanuel F. Gripe was born in Montgomery connty, Ohio, March 7, 1829, and is a son of Samuel and Susannah Cripe, who removed with their family to this connty in 1830. This was when the Indians were very numerous and wliites few. Emanuel attended school in a log cabin, and David Pippenger was his first teacher. His father and uncle, Emanuel Cripe, purchased the first stove for the school-house and waited two years for their money. Mr. Cripe, having but limited early educational advantages, is a self-made man. In September, 1851, he married Miss Fannie Mikesell, by whom he has had 10 children, 9 now living, viz.: Milton, Mary J., Elias, Sarah E., Milo, Alice, Arminda, Ira and Sadia. The deceased's name was Elijah. Mr. Cripe owns 160 acres of valuable land, and is a farmer. He is a worthy member of the German Baptist Church.

Charles A. Davis was born in the tp. of Concord, this county, Oct. 4, 1846. He was the son of Henry G. Davis, and his mother's maiden name was Cynthia T. Tibbits. Both parents were of English descent, the father being a Vermonter, and the mother a native of Michigan. His early education was obtained in the common schools. At the age of 18 he attended the Catholic school at Notre Dame, in St. Joseph county, Ind., remaining there 10 months. Subsequently he spent a year and a half at the Methodist University at Kalamazoo. He then returned to the farm and remained a year. His father had erected a saw-mill on his farm, and Charles purchased it and carried on the business for sis years. He made this quite profitable. He was married in 1870 to Miss Henrietta Francis, and they have 2 daughters and 1 son. In 1870 he came to Goshen, bought an interest in the planing mill then run by J. B. Drake, and the two proprietors continued business together for three years, when Mr. Davis rented Mr. Drake's share and has since conducted the entire business alone. Besides planing lumber he makes scroll work and moldings, and is doing a thriving business. Mr. Davis is a Freemason and a Knight of Pythias, and is. a representative man among the mill-owners of Goshen.

Mr. Frank B. Defrees, son of Hon. J. H. Defrees. is a native of Goshen, having been born there in 1843. His childhood was spent uneventfully, as is usual with American-born children; he attended the common schools, and thus acquired the rudiments of education. In 1361, when he was at the age of IS, he went to Evanston, 111., entered the jSTorthwestern University, and began a course of study. He remained there until 136i, when he enlisted in the 136th Indiana Kegiment, and went out for a 100 days' service. His regiment was ordered to tlie front, and joined Sherman's army in Middle Tennessee. In November, 1861, having been discharged from the service, he returned home to Goshen and went into the mercantile business. He sold his stock and good will in 1875. He had engaged in the manufacture of linseed oil in 1872, which he has since continued. He has lately commenced in a flouringmill. Mr. Defrees is a gentleman of business sagacity and energy, and has generally made a success of whatever he has undertaken, lie is a Methodist, and a zealous promoter of the moral and social welfare of the community. As a member of the Odd Fellows' fraternity he has occupied all the local offices in that order, from the lowest to the highest, and is now mentioned for Junior Warden in the Grand Lodge. Mr. Defrees, on March 27, 1866, was married to Miss Mary Elma Beers, daughter of Rev. H. Beers. They have 2 daughters.

Hon. Joseph H. Defrees was born May 13, 1812, in Sparta, White Co., Tenu. He is of French descent,' and during one of the numerous persecutions of the Huguenots, his ancestors fled from France to Holland, and thence to America, some time previous to the Revolutionary war. Three brothers emigrated together, and one of them settled in Virginia, another in New York, and the third in North Carolina; the subject of this sketch is adescendant of the first mentioned, and is a sou of James Defrees, who was once Postmaster at Piqua, O., and who first married Margaret Dougherty and had 9 children, and subsequently Mrs. Mary ( Frost ) RoUin, and by her had 4 children; in 1835 he moved to Goshen, Ind., and finally died in Syracuse, Kosciusko Co., and is buried in the Goshen cemetery.

Joseph H. attended school in his childhood in Tennessee, and from six or seven to 14 years of age he attended school at Piqua; he then worked three years at blacksmithing; next learned the printer's trade in the office of the Piqua Gazette; in 1831 he left Ohio in company with his brother J. D. Defrees, and established \}aQ.NortJiwestern Pioneer at South Bend, Ind., a Whig paper, and the first west of Detroit; in 1833 he sold out his interest in this paper and commenced meichandising at Goshen, then a place of about 40 log cabins; here he was County Agent to sell town lots, and Sheriff for a portion of the terra ; in 1849 he was elected to the House of Representatives, in 1850 to the Senate, lS66-'67 he was a member of the Lower House of Congress, during the exciting times of reconstruction, and in 1870 he was again elected to the Lower House of the State Legislature, where he was the first to introduce the bill disfranchising those who had been educated at the public expense and had taken up arms against the Government. His speeches in Congress were not so numerous as his acts, but whenever lie did speak, it was in a plain, off-hand manner, without rhetorical flourish, and to the purpose.

In 1S32 Mr. Defrees married Marj A., daughter of John E. and sister of Frank B. McKinney, ex-Member of Congress, and has had 6 children, as follows: James M., who married Victoria Holton, and died in 1859; he was a graduate of Wabash College at Crawfordsville, a lawyer, and at one time Prosecuting Attorney of this district; Margaret J., who died in infancy; Btattie E., who was educated at Fort "Wayne College, and married John H. Baker, a prominent lawyer in Goshen; Frank B., who was educated at Evanston, 111., married Miss Beers, of Goshen, and has since been a merchant; Mary E., who was educated at Fort Wayne and Evanston, and married J. A. S. Mitchell, an attorney at law and once the Mayor of Goshen ; Sarah C, who was educated at Pittsburg (Pa.) Female College, and married Cyrus J. Thompson, a lawyer at St. Paul, Minn. Mrs. D. died in February, 186-4, and in the latter part of 1865 Mr. D. married Mrs. Margaret (McNaughton) Pearce, a native of Scotland.

Aaron Delotter was born in Enterprise, Montgomery Co., Ohio, in 183-1:. His father's given name was Louis, and his mother's maiden name was Maria Stiver. The family resided at Aaron's birth-place till the fall of 1845, when they removed to a farm near Milford. Kosciusko count}', this State. In 1848 Aaron went to Leesburg to learn a trade, and chose the caiTiage-niai-:cr's art. His advantages for an education had been limited, 11 months of district schooling comprising his entire curriculum. His apprenticeship expired in 1853, when he came to Goshen and worked till 1861 at his trade. During that year he enlisted in the 29th Indiana Kegiment as a member of the regimental band, and continued that relation for 14 months. He was in the battle of Pittsburg Landing. Returning home at the end of his term of enlistment, he soon re-entered the service of the Quartermaster's department at Nashville, Tenn., and remained through the war. After his discharge from the army he worked at his trade as a journeyman until 1867, when he moved to Logansport and embarked in the tobacco and cigar business, and continued thus till 1874. His genius then led him into the novel enterprise of selling confectionery from a flat-boat, which he prosecuted from St. Louis to JSTew Orleans, along the banks of the Mississippi. This not proving very remunerative, Mr. Delotter returned to Logansport in 1876, and continued the confectionery business till 1878, when he resumed the tools of the carriage-maker. At length himself and brother opened a shop in Goshen, where Mr. Delotter is at present engaged. In 1861 he was married to Miss Cecilia A. Alfred, daughter of L. A. Alfred, the noted excursion Superintendent, by whom he has 1 child. He is a Freemason and a Good Templar, being Past Worthy Chief of the latter order.

John B. Echhart was born in Hesse-Cassel, Prussia (then Germany), Dec. 17, 1821, and is a son of John and Elizabeth Eckhart. He came to I^ew York city when a young man. He worked there three months, and then worked on the raih-oad, when it was being built through the Alleghany mountains. After working there four months he, in company with another German, walked to Columbia, Ohio; they waded the Monongahela river and other streams, and crossed the Ohio river on the bridge at Wheeling. It was in the month of July, and a very hot July; therefore they took advantage of the moonlight nights, travelingin the nights and sleeping in the daytime. Mr. Eckhart had not as yet learned to speak the English language, but he had with him a small translation of the most common terms, which he used while prosecuting the journey in maldng his desires linown. He worked on a farm while at Columbia for some time, when he learned the cooper trade. He came to Goshen in 1851. That portion of the city in which he now resides (Eighth street) Vas then a woodland. He worked for some time at 40 cents per day. In March, 1862, he married Miss Margaret Michel, by whom he has had 4 children; 2 of them are living, viz., Charley F. and Dora A. While working on the railroad Mr. Eckhart met with a severe accident, by a stone thrown directly over him I'rom the point of blasting, sti-iking him in its downward flight. It broke his skull, and the brain was left bare. His life was despaired of for several days, but lie finally recovered. For several years, however, he could not walk straight, his appearance to one from a little distance being that of a drunken man. He is novv doing a good business at coopering, and his trade is constantly increasing.

Dr. JErastits Winter Hewett Ellis, one of the most notable citizens of Elkhart county, and father of W. E. Ellis, the present Postmaster, was born in Penfield, Ontario (now Monroe) Co., N". Y., April 29, 1815. His father was Dr. William Robinson Ellis, born in Windham county, Conn., who was an officer in the Revolution, and served under Gen. Washington. In the year 1820 Erastns' father, in company with a brother, determined to seek their fortunes to the southwestward, and as a means of transit, shipped in a boat at Olean, and voyaged down the Alleghany river to Pittsburg, thence down the Ohio to Cincinnati. Erastus was then a small boy, and he can remember but little of the voyage, but the sound of an organ in one of the churches in Cincinnati fi.xed his attention, and caused him to remember that city. The two brothers stopped at Jacksonburg, a small town in Butler county, Ohio, where Erastus" father at last settled. There his school days began. His first teacher was Peter Muntz, who afterward died in Elkhart county, Ind. A school-book was afterward found in this gentleman's possession, which the elder Ellis had written, entitled " Mirror to Noah Webster's Spelling Book," which showed, that though he was a flat-boat pioneer, he had an eye to education and text-books. Erastus was remarkable as a speller, no doubt deriv- ing his proficiency in this ditBcult branch from his father's -- Mirror." His father took pleasure in showing him olf, and made him the champion orthographer of the country around. The Doctor quaintly and facetiously remarks in his " Memorandum," " I am a tolerable speller yet, but I have had a good many bad spells since I was a boy." His father was several times disappointed in business, and, though always a successful medical practitioner, he became impatient of long continuance in one place, and removed frequently. He went to Leavenworth, Ind., back to Bellfontaiue, Ohio, then to Maumee, and finally, in the spring of 1826, down the lake to Buffalo, and thence to Knowlesville, N. T., where Erastus' mother died, in November. 1S2S. Besides Erastus, she left his brother, "\Vm. R. Ellis, five years younger; his sister, Lucy Ann, born in 1822, and a brother, born in 1821:. The latter died in the Union army in 1S63 or 1864, near Nashville, Tenn.

While at Knowlesville Erastus attended one term at Gaines' Academy studying Latin, and in the winter and spring of 1829 he taught school in the town of Koyalton, Niagara county, N. T. At the close of his term he began to prepare for the study of medicine atBrockport, N. Y. He reached that place in company with his father, about Sept. 1, 1S29, and entered the office of Dr. John B. Elliott as a student. He remained with Dr. Elliott for seven years, attending his drug store and receiving tuition, board and a portion of his clothing in return for his services. Here he identified himself with Sunday-school work, and was a member of the choir in the Presbyterian Church. In the winter of 1833-'4 he attended lectures at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. Part of the time here he was a room-mate of Dr. David Brainard, the eminent physician of Chicago. He received his diploma at Rochester, N. Y.," when he had not reached his 19th birthday. Being quite a politician, and an enthusiastic Jacksonian Democrat, by request of the prominent members of his party he, in 1834, assumed the editorial control of the Village Herald, which was devoted to the successful candidacy of Wm. L. Marcy as Governor of the State of New York. This relation continued about four months. He also originated the Token, a literary semi-monthly publication, which had a circulation of 1,000 copies. He was appointed Commissioner of Deeds of Monroe county in 183.5, in which office he accumulated his first capital, $100. He was commissioned a Lieutenant in the militia about this time. In 1836 the ambition of the young physician prompted him to '- go West," and, in company with several other families, he arrived in Mishawaka, St. Joseph Co., Ind., about Aug. 7, and soon entered upon the practice of his profession. In the spring of 1837 he removed to South Bend, his father having preceded him to that point. Father and son there engaged in medical practice together. The next year they removed to Elkhart. Here they had an extensive ride. He says that at that time every house was a hospital. He at this period in his career intended to continue the practice of medicine for life, but being a delegate to a Democratic Cono-ressional Convention at Lafayette, tJiat convened Jan. 8, 1S39, iie became known as a Democratic politician, and was importuned to take editorial control of the Goshen Democrat,'Kon. E. M. Chamberlain urging the proposition upon him, and assuring him that it would not seriously interfere with his medical practice. The proprietors agreed to compensate the Doc- tor with the raunificeut salary of $200 ayearand board! His board cost his employers 83 a week. He soon purchased a share in the office, which stood on Main street. He says that he soon found it , _ .'

impossible to practice medicine and wield the editorial quill at the same time, and after the first year he abandoned the saddle-bags altogether. His father died at Elkhart, Sept. 23, 1S39, regretted on account of his excellent qualities. The circulation of the Z*c;m- ',,..

ocrat was but about 400 copies, and the job printing limited, but the Doctor succeeded in placing it on a paying basis. During the campaign for Martin VanBuren, he issued the Klnderliooh Datclionan, an edition of 1,200 copies of which were printed. In August, lS4i, he was elected the first Auditor of EHdiart county over -- C. L. Murray, and was re-elected in 1846. The salary of this office, - . . though but $600, gave life-blood to the Democrat, and a little money to Dr. Ellis. In 1850 he was elected Auditor of the State of !' Indiana, when he resigned both the Auditorship of Elkhart county and his editorial position. .

May 17, 1842, Dr. Ellis was married to Miss Maria Crozier, formerly of Chillieothe, Ohio. This lady died April 21, 1846, leaving 2 children, Sarah Annette and William R. Jan. 37, 1848, ' -

Indianapolis, June 15, 1856, leaving 1 child, Emma Maria; she had also given birth to 4 other children, all of whom were deceased when she died, 2 being buried in Indianapolis, and 2 in Goshen. ~

The life of Dr. Ellis was henceforward replete with public events. He was elected by the Le^-islature Commissioner of the Institute for the Education of the Blind, and Secretary of the Board; was chosen President of the Pennsylvania & Indianapolis railroad, an office which he held two years; at a subsequent time he was President of the Madison & Indianapolis railroad for two and a half years. He was also one of the Directors of the Indiana & Illinois Central railwaj', and of two or three other lines then in their incipiency. He at length engaged in the mercantile business in Goshen, with his brother-in-law, Chauncy S. Plascall, investing $11,000. This proved disastrous to the Doctor, and he lost $40,000 - almost ever}- dollar of his property!

In 1S56 he was again candidate for Auditor of State on the first Republican State ticket, but was defeated. After the close of the campaign he returned to Goshen and purchased an interest in the Goshen Times, C. W. Stephens being the other partner. For two years he was editor of the paper, when he sold his interest to Mr. Stephens, and closed his connection with the press. In 1858 he was again elected Auditor of Elkhart county, and was re-elected in 1862. When the Peace Congress was proposed on the outbreak of the Rebellion, Gov. Morton appointed Dr. Ellis as one of the delegates from Indiana, and he acted in that capacity in the memorable convention that met in Washington with such futile result. He took an active part in raising troops for the war, and was appointed by Gov. Morton Commandant of a camp to raise a regiment of three years' men. The camp was located about two miles south of Goshen, and was called Camp Ellis. When the first draft was made he was appointed enrolling officer for Elkhart county. He was Deputy Marshal of the county till the close of the war.

In 1865 Dr. Ellis was elected State Director of the Bank of Indiana, and held the office for one year, or until the winding up of the institution. The public life of Dr. Ellis closed with the expiration of his last term as Auditor, when he engaged in the more particular care of his private aiiairs.

Dr. "Ellis joined the Masonic order in 1846, and afterward became a charter member of Goshen Chapter, No. 15, and for several years was its High Priest, and also Thrice Illustrious Grand Master of Barber Council of Royal and Select Masons. He has occupied other lofty positions in the order. The Doctor's life from youth to old age has been an exceedingly busy one, and replete with important public service, a distinction that ranks him among the very first citizens of Elkhart county.

David Evans was born in York county. Pa., May 22, 1822, and is a son of David and Mary (Lyons) Evans, also natives of Pennsylvania. His father was of German descent, and his mother of English extraction. He was brought up on a farm, and at the age of is learned the carpenter's trade, which business he continued for 15 years. Oct. 9, 1815, he married Miss Elizabeth DeardortF, by whom he had 4 children: Sarah J., John, Anna M., deceased, and

Histoet Of Elkhaet Countt

Elizabeth, deceased. Mrs. Evans died Dec. 16, 1874, and he again married Oct. 10, 1ST8, this time Mrs. Susan DeardorflP, daughter of Joseph Gripe. Mr. Evans has given some land to his children, and still owns 160 acres. Mr. and Mrs. Evans are members of the German Baptist, or Dunkard, Church. In education he is a self-made man.

William B. Ferrell, deceased, was born in Lawrence county, Pa., Nov. 5, 1815. His parents were James and Eleanor Ferrell, the former a native of Pennsylvania, and the latter of New England. He was reared on a farm until the age of 1-5, when he learned the carpenter's trade. This he followed nearly all the remainder of his life, and was very successful, and is a tine workman. In ISIO he married Miss Sarah Thomas, who was born in Lawrence county, Pa., June 9, 1819. They have had 7 children, 6 of whom are living: Mansfield A., Clara (now Mrs. Geo. Merrill, of Goshen), Laura (now Mrs. L. Krider, of Goshen), John W. (of Silver Lake, Ind.), Eliza (now Mrs. Henry Motto, of Goshen) and Mary E. They came to Goshen in 1861, where, Nov. 2, 1878, Mr. Ferrell died. He was a faithful Christian man and an ardent worker in the cause of temperance. He was a kind and affectionate liusband and father, and a vainable member of society. In fact, none knew knew him but to love him.

Voliert Fink was born in North Germany, and came to this country when he was but seven years of age. He was the son of Conrad and Helen Fink. The family landed in Baltimore and remained a short time, and then went to Harrisburg, Pa. Tliere were 3 boys in the family: Henry, the eldest, Frederick C. and "Volbert. Henry and Frederick are now living in Harrisburg. At 16 years of age Volbert went into a butchering establishment in Harrisburg, to learn the trade of a meat purveyor. A.t 20 he embarked in the business on his own account. He made a success of the enterprise, and amassed considerable property, but lost heavily by subsequent reverses. Thinking tliat fortune would smile upon him more propitiously at the West, he came to Goshen in 1867, and immediately embarked in the meat-market business here, opening his first shop where the City National Bank now stands. He remained at this stand till Aug. 16, and then removed to Thompson's old block, where he did business for two or three years; thence to Gulp's building, finally locating in his present place on Main street. Since his arrival in Goshen he has steadily progressed in business, and has accumulated a handsome competence. He is reputed to have more capital than any other butcher in Goshen, and he has accumulated it all by his own industry, he having not a cent when he began life for himself. Mr. Fink is considered one of our most reliable business men, and his word is as good as his bond. He was married in 1858, in Harrisburg, to Miss Catharine Stoll. They have 6 living children, 4 sons and 2 daughters: Helen, Mary, George, Charles, William and Harry. Mr. Fink and all of

James Frier^ deceased, an early pioneer of Elkhart county and a self-made man of merited reputation, was born in the county of Down, Ireland, July 11, 1796. His mind having been excited by the glowing accounts of the great western empire in America, and dissatisfied with the oppression endured by his countrymen, he took au early opportunity to emigrate, and, shipping at Belfast in 1818, after a long and tempestuous voyage, in due time arrived safely in Quebec. The colony of Lower Canada was, however, too cioselj' attached to the mother country, and too much alike it in customs and habit, to induce the young and impulsive Irishman to adopt it for a permanent residence, and he accordingly soon made his way to Chittenden county, Vt., where, in 1S23, he married Miss Clarinda Young.

The Western country was just then being developed, and glowing accounts came to his ears of the beauty and fertility of the lands toward the setting sun. For a man in his humble circumstances it is not improbable that the cheapness of the lands was one of the chief allurements. In 1829 he removed with his family and effects by way of the Erie canal and lake to "Detroit. Here and at White Pigeon they passed the winter, when they resumed their journey to Indiana. March 17, 1830, they arrived in Elkhart county through a bed of snow two feet in depth. The first night after their arrival, Mr. Frier cut down some bushes to prepare shelter and a bed to sleep upon, and here we may believe the hardy emigrant and his little family, under the protection of that Heavenly Father the}' had been taught to worship, slept as soundly and as sweetly as if in a palace and on beds of down.

He located on the east side of Elkhart Prairie, making a settler's claim of 160 acres, which he subsequently purchased at the land office at Fort Wayne. The first thing in order was to erect a house. He searched through the woodland which skirted the prairie until he found a large fallen or lodged tree, which he made use of for the rear end or back side wall of his edifice. He planted corner poles or posts some ten feet high in front, from which he extended rafters to the log in the rear. The sides and roof were formed of interlacing boughs and poles, and a Mackinac blanket suspended as a door performed the double duty of keeping out the cold and keeping in the smoke for the curing of their bacon. A shed somewhat similar, but of less elaborate construction, was prepared for the use of the hired men. Tliis was, however, replaced by a more commodious cabin, made of logs, the following autumn. Mr. Frier and his wife were zealous and devoted members of the Methodist Church, and for many years his dwelling was the welcome home of the itinerant preacher, and was the principal meeting-house, or preaching place, on the prairie. The latchstring was always out, and no one went away ^hungry from its doors. Mr. Frier was an industrious man and was greatly prospered in the accamalation of wealth. Human habitations gathered' around him but slowly. There were no schools or churches. It was a long way to the house of a neighbor, many miles to a store, and 40 miles to a mill, across the border in Michigan. Many a time with his ox team and Pennsyh'ania wagon he forded the streams on bis way to mill, at the imminent peril of his life, but the Great Father was, as he always said, his preserver. Game was abundant, and contributed no little to the table of the pioneer. His pet deer were often chased by the wolves to his door, and the turkeys perched within easy reach of his trusty rifle.

Upon the organization of the county in 1831, he was appointed the lirst Assessor, but was relieved from duty on account of not having been naturalized. This defeat being remedied, he was afterward appointed County Treasurer, and in 1S40 served as Deputy- Collector of Taxes, under the late Thos. H. Eassett. In every relation of life he was an honest man, a kind neighbor, and a ' generous friend. In 1850, on the breaking out of the gold fever in California, he went by ship to the promised land of gold. Here he died in the fall of 1852.

Robert B. Geddes, born in Ohio in 18-13, is the son of John and Lucinda (Heath) Geddes, natives of New York, and of English descent. The subject of this sketch is a citizen of Goshen, where he received his education and also learned his trade, that of a painter and grainer, in which he is a first-class workman. He commenced to learn his trade at the age of 17, and has worked at it continually ever since. Most of his work is in the city of Goshen. He enlisted in 1862 in the 57th Ind. Vol. Inf, Co. K, under Captain Billings. He was third Sergeant, and was discharged at the close of tlie "War. In politics he is a Democrat. He was Constable in Goshen in 1872-'3.

Dr. P. D. Hardino, allopathic physician, was born in Tioga county. Pa., July 5, 1838. His father's name was Joseph M. Harding, and his mother's maiden name was Paraelia M. Hayden. Both parents were American born. Dr. Harding's education was begun in the district schools of his neighborhood; as age advanced it was pursued in Dickinson Seminary, Williamsport, Pa., and afterward at the Methodist College, at Lima, N. Y. He received his medical education at Geneva Medical College and also has a degree from the Chicago Medical College. He enlisted in the 40th Ind. Vol. Inf., in 1862, and served as Assistant Surgeon during the summer of that year. Leaving the army he came to Goshen and settled down as a medical practitioner. He has been very successful as a physician, and now ranks among the better class in Elkhart county. Dr. Harding, in the spring of 1867, was married to Miss Mary E. Cliilord, a graduate of the ^sTorthwestern University at Evanston, 111. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Gen. Milo S. Hascall, one of the most prominent citizens of Indiana, was born in LeRoy, Genesee Co., JST. Y., Aug. 5, 1829. He was the son of Amasa and Phabe (Smith) Hascall, natives of

Massachusetts. The elder Mr. Hascall was a prominent man among his neighbors, and occupied various official positions. Emigrating to the State of 'New York, he first located at Canandaigna, and subsequently removed to LeRoy, Genesee Co. The boyhood of Gen. Hascall was passed with his parents on the farm, the rudiments of his education being obtaioed in the common district schools of his locality. At the.age of 16 he attended an academy, and thus obtained a sight into the fields of a higher education. At IT years of age he left home and came West to Goshen, where three of his brothers then resided. This was in ISiT. Chauncy S. Hascall, one of the brothers, was then engaged in trade in Goshen, and the General entered his store as clerk. This engagement lasted but three months, when he taught school for one term. While he was teaching he received an appointment as cadet at West Point. This opportunity was secured through the influence of Hon. Charles W. Cathcart, member of Congress from the La Porte district, which then embraced a large part of Northern Indiana. He >vent to West Point in June, ISiS, and remained there four years, graduating June 16, 1852. He ranked 14th in a class that entered 96 and graduated 43, a good record indeed, and one of which any West Point student might well be proud. His class embraced several gentlemen that became prominent in the history of the country. Among these were Henry W. Slocum, of Brooklyn, Gen. D. S. Stanley, Jerome N. Bonapart, the Baltimore member of the illustrious familv, Geo. L. Hartsufi; Gen. Charles K. Woods, Marshall T. Polk, Alex D. McCook, Gen. Wm. Myers, Gen. A. N. Kantz and Gen. Geo. Crook, the Indian fighter. Gen. Sheridan was also a member of the class. After his graduation Gen. Hascall was promoted to the Third Artillery as brevet 2d Lieutenant, and stationed at Port Adams, R. I., where he remained about one year. He was then promoted to a 2d Lieutenancy in the Second Artillery, and was stationed at Old Point Comfort, Va. Here he remained to the time of his resignation, which was in "1853.

He came to Goshen after leaving the array, and traveled for some time thereafter. For one year he was a contractor on the Northern Indiana & Michigan Southern railroad, after which he studied and eventually began the practice of law. During his law practice he was elected Prosecnting Attorney for the Court of Common Pleas. In the fall of 1S59 he was elected Clerk of Elkhart Circuit Court, which office he retained till the spring of 1861, when the war of the Rebellion broke out and called him to his country's defense. When the first call for three months' men was made the General was among the number that readily enrolled themselves as privates in the ranks. He was a member of the first company organized in Goshen. When the company was full he was elected its Captain, and conducted it to Indianapolis, to be mustered into the three months' service; but the Captain and his comrades were too late. Such was the eager rush to arms of the citizen soldiery that before the Goshen company arrived, only 72 hours after the call had been made, the six regiments required of the State had been filled, and the Goshen patriots had to disband and return home. But Gov. Morton, having learned that Capt. Hascall was a graduate of West Point, requested him to remain in Indianapolis, which he did, and was appointed Captain and Aid de-Camp on Gen. Thos. A. Morris' staff, in whicli capacity he had the labor of organizing and drilling six regiments in Camp Morton, preparatory to the regiment's taking the field. When Gen. Morris took his command to West Virginia, in June, 1S61, and began the first active movement of the war, Capt. Hascall accompanied him. He was in the first engagement of the war after Sumter, which was fought at Philippi. There the enemy, \inder Geu. Porterfiekl, were defeated and routed, and the first rebel flag was captured. The next day after this engagement Gov. Morton sent a telegram to Capt. Hascall announcing his appointment as Colonel of the Seventeenth Indiana Infantry. He immediately returned to Indianapolis, bearing on the way Gen. Morris' official report to Gen. McClellan at Cincinnati. He also was the bearer to that General of the flag taken at Philippi. On arriving at Indianapolis he was mustered into the three years' service as Colonel of the Seventeenth Indiana Pegiment, he being the first oflicer of that grade so musfered into the three years' service. His regiment was ordered to Parkersburg, W. Va., and arrived there at about the time of the first battle of Bull Pun. He was immediately ordered to proceed to Oakland, Western Maryland, it being feared, after the rebel success, that the enemy would invade Pennsylvania by way of Harper's Ferry. His regiment remained there on the lookout for two weeks, during whicli time Fort Pendleton, in the vicinity of Oakland, was erected. It becoming evident that the rebels would not invade Western Maryland, Capt. Hascall and his troops were ordered to Grafton, W. Va., and thence, by way of Philippi and Beverly, to Elkwater and Cheat Mountain, where they remained till the winter of 1861, participating in all the engagements about Elkwater, Huttonville and Cheat Mountain. In an engagement with the enemy at Elkwater, in vSeptember of that year, Colonel Hascall's regiment killed the celebrated John A. Washington, of Mt. Vernon fame, who was on the stafi' of General Lee. When the dead body was taken back to the enemy. Col. Hascall received the first fiag of truce offered by the rebels under Gen. Lee at the beginning of the war. In December of that year he was ordered to proceed with his regiment to Louisville, Ky., where he was placed in command of a brigade, consisting of the 17th Indiana, the 6th Ohio regiment, or " Guthrie Grays," the iSd Ohio, and the 1.5th Indiana Pegiments. This brigade was assigned to the division commanded by the late Gen. William Nelson. After three months had passed, he was transferred to the command of a brigade in Gen. Thomas J. Wood's division, and served in that capacity during the advance on, and capture of, Nashville, and in the advance on Shiloh. In April of the following year he participated in the battles of Shiloh and

Pittsburg Landing. At the close of that fearful engagement he received the first flag of truce sent by Gen. Beauregard during the war on the occasion of his sending in to get permission to bury his dead on that field. On April 20, of the same year, while on the march from Shiloh to Corinth, he received his promotion as Brigadier General of volunteers, the same being awarded without solicitation or application on his part, and from that time till the fall of lS6i he was actively engaged in the armies of the West, in all their operations. He was most of this time in command of a division, and on several occasions, temporarily in command of an array corps. During the terrible battle of Stone Eiver, he was in command of the entire forces on the left, after 10 o'clock of the first day's battle, and to him more than to any other one oflficer on the field was due the credit of preventing the crushing defeat on the right from becoming an utter rout of the Union army. After this memorable battle Gen. Hascall was sent to Indianapolis to superintend the work of returning deserters from the States of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois. While engaged in this work, he was, at the request of Gen. Burnside, transferred from the Army of the Cumberland to the Army of the Ohio, and placed in command of the district of Indiana. It was during this time that the "copperheads " in Indiana, Ohio and Illinois were most active and violent in their opposition to the measures of the Government to suppress the Kebellion. During his command in Indiana, Vallandigham was arrested, the Chicago Times and numerous " copperhead" papers in Indiana were suppressed, the great meeting of rebel sym.pathizers in Indianapolis, that met to seize the State arms and turn the State over to John Morgan, was foiled in its design.

Wlien Burnside began his famous movement from Lexington, Ky., to capture Knoxville and East Tennessee, he relieved Gen. Hascall of the command of the district of Indiana, and placed him in command of a division of the 23d Army Corps, at the head of which he went with the army into East Tennessee, and took an active part in the capture of Knoxville, and afterward in the siege of that city, when Gen. Longstreet was attempting its capture. When Longstreet's forces were finally repulsed and Sherman moved upon Atlanta, Gen. Hascall marched at the head of his division, and took an active part in that campaign, and was conspicuous in all the engagements that resulted in the capture of that city. His division planted the first batteries around the doomed city, and threw the first shot and shell within the enemy's lines.

At the close of the war Gen. Hascall resumed the arts of peace, and, in connection with John W. Irwin. Esq., engaged in the banking business in Goshen, in the institution known as the " Salem Bank," and has continued that financial enterprise to the present time. During his business career here. Gen. Hascall has been one of the most active and successful men in Goshen. In politics he is an ardent Republican, and during the late campaign he made

History Of Elkkaet Countt

Jacob Hattel, Jr., is a Pennsylvanian by birth, his natal year being 1843. His parents' names were Francis and Rebecca {nee Clem) liattel. His father was born in France, but emigrated to this country from Germany; the family emigrated from Pennsylvania in 1845 and settled in Ohio, where they remained three years, when they removed to Elkhart county, Ind. This was in 1848. Mr. Ilattel's grandparents reside in Elkhart county, and are probably the most aged individuals in it, and have lived man and wife over 60 years. The larger portion of Mr. Hattel's childhood was passed in jSTew Paris, this county, where direction was given to his youne: idea by attendance at district school. At 14 he began an apprenticeship at the furniture trade, which, having finished, he continued to pursue till he was 21, when he was married to Miss Elizabeth Whitehead, and 2 sons and 2 daughters are their children. In 1873 he removed to Goshen, and joined his brother, D. M. Plattel, in the furniture business. This was continued for two years, when a sale of the concern to Aaron Marks was eifected. Aug. 1, 1876, he bought the furniture shop then conducted by Benj. G. Crary, and Dec. 9 the establishment was burned. Nothing daunted, Mr. Hattel continued business. In 1S7S he erected a part of the building he and his associates now occupy, on Washington street, near the hydraulic canal. In the spring of 1880 he associated with himself and the brother who had been in company with him for some time, Messrs. Kolb and Grass, under the firm name of '' Hattel Bros. & Co." Latterly the manufactory has been enlarged, so that the building is now 100 feet in length and two stories in height. The company employ 30 hands, and are doing a thriving business in the furniture-making line. Mr. Hattel can be well satisfied with his career, having added an important industry to the manufacturing interests of Goshen.

Cephas JScnaks, of the prominent firm of Hawks Bros. & Co., was born in Phelps, Ontario Co., ISl. Y., Dec. 8, 1812. His father was Cephas Hawks, and his mother's maiden name was Chloe Case. Both parents were of Scotch descent. His father's occupation was mainly that of milling. The family remained in Ontario county till 1828, when they emigrated to Michigan, then attracting many settlers from Western New York, and settled in Washtenaw county, Cephas then being 15 years of age. He attended common school in his boyhood and youth, both in New York and Michigan, and thus acquired a practical English education. When he was 17 years of age, and was about to begin a course of higher tuiton, he was attacked with inflammation of the eyes, and sufi'ered from that afifiiction for three years. In 1836 he visited Indiana with his father, and decided to remain there. His father settled in Indiana in the following year, 1837, and bought the mill at Waterford, in this county, and subsequently did amillino; business under the firm name of C. Plawks & Sons. About

1S45 Eliazer, brother of Ceplias, bought the father's interest in the mill, and the brothers have continued to run it there and in Goshen to the present time. In 1S51 J. P. Hawks went to California, and returned in 1S54, when he took an interest in the firm at Waterford. In 1S65 the dry-goods and hardware business was joined together, and P. C. Messick was taken into the firm, and its style became Hawks Bros. & Co. The grocery business was also added to the other enterprises of the company. The hardware business had been begun in Goshen by the brothers in 1855, and the milling business was removed from Waterford in 186S. The firm began to manufacture furniture in 1873, and the business has since grown to large proportions. The business of Hawks Bros. & Co., in Goshen, now comprises the dry-goods, hardware and grocery trade, and the furniture business, and the transactions in each foot up a large aggregate during the year. Mr. H. is well known all over ISTorthern Indiana as the head of his firm, and may be considered one of the most prominent citizens of Goshen.

Mr. liawks was married Jan. 28, 1811 to Miss Delinda B. Bliss, daughter of Dr. Ezra Bliss, of Middlebury. Two sons and i daughters have been born of this marriage. One son,, Frank, is a bookkeeper for the firm, and the other, Edwin W., has the superintendency of the manufacturing establishment. Only one daughter survives, and she is the wife of Mr. John Gortner, of Goshen. Mr. H. is a prominent member of the Presbyterian Church.