Logan Township (part 2 of 3)

Philip Kullmer, furniture dealer, Attica, was born in Rhenish Palatine, Germany, October 11, 1833. His father's christian name was Philip and his mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Bechtel. He came to America in 1851 and remained the first year in New York ; then he pushed on west and stopped in La Fayette, where he began to learn the cabinet trade. In 1853 he settled in Attica, arriving on the 21st of October-. He finished his trade with Daniel Rhine, and January 1, 1857, started in business with Cliarles Rees under the firm name of Rees & Kullmer. In April, 1861, Mr. Kulhner bought out Rees, and the latter went inti) the army. He was aloneln business until January 1, 1864, when he associated C. F. Rohlting with himself under the style of Knlliiiei- & Rolilfing. In 1870 the latter retired, and then he took his !)rother-in-la\v, John Meitzler, into partnership, firm of Kullmer & Meitzler. On January 1, 1878, tiie latter sold his interest to David B. Martin, and the present firm is Kullmer ife Martin. The business house nsed by this firm is a three-story brick, 42x60 feet, owned by Mr. Kullmer, and was built by him in 1866. Mr. Kullmer was married October 26, 1858, to Kathei'ine Meitzler, who was born in the same country as himself August 21, 1838. They have si.\ cliildren: Elizabeth E., born September 15,1859; Frank, February 11, 1861 ; Minnie, April 22, 1862; Katie, January 4, 1868; George M., July 15, 1875 ; and Anna Lotta, August 21, 1877. Mr. Kullmer was city councilman from 1861 to 1865., He has been an Odd-Fellow since 1860. In politics he is a republican. In 1869 he visited his native home; all of his father's family live in the old country.

Isaac Lannian, merchant, Attica, was born in the state of Hesse- Darmstadt, Germany, March 2, 1838, and was the youngest child of Zodick Hirsch and Jette (Fuld) Lauman. At tlie age of thirteen he began peddling notions, and continued in this business till 1859, when he came to America, arriving in Attica about the first of September with 86 as the e.x'tent of his worldly fortune. After a sojourn of six months in Attica he went to Dallas, Illinois, and clerked in a general store twenty months, when the firm broke up and threw liim out of emploj'ment. lie returned to Attica, and during the fall of 1861 bought hides and pelts, making a handfonic- little sn.n of money. The next year he clerked in the store of S. and J. Loeb cV- Co. In 18t)-i this firm "took Mr. Lauman into partnership, and another firm was then formed by these gentlemen under the style of Loeb, Lauman & Co., both of which have continued to do business up to the present time. These two firms, which are practically one, run two business houses and have a thriving trade. They deal largely in dry goods, clothing, furnisliing goods, cattle and wool. Mr. Lauman was married August 27. lS66,"to Miss Augusta Pfeifer, of Louisville, Kentucky, who was born in Germanv, August 24, 1S4S. Their three living children were born as follows:" Julia, September 12. 1868 ; Belle, September 5, 1871 ; and Howard, November 6, 1S7S. Mr. and Mrs. Lauman are members of the Benai Jeshurun congregation (Jewish church). He was president several years, and is now the treasurer. He has been a member of tlie Masonic order since 1S60, and has filled several offices in his lodge. He is also a member of BraziUa Lodge, No. Ill, L O. B. B., of La Fayette.

Andrew ]]. Cunningham, dentist. Attica, son of Adam and Mary (Baskin I Cunningham, was born in Island county, Ohio, January 31, 18.35. His earlylife was spent in tilling the soil and in merchandising. In 1856-7 he took a partial course of medical lectures at the Oliio Colleire, in Cincinnati, and afterward a full course at the Ohio Dental College, irraduating in the spring of 1858. He immediately located at Leesb'ur^. Ohio, and in June, 1859. removed to Attica. He has lived in tliis place since, excepting one year spent at Decatur. Illinois. In the time of the war he was county agent to procure men for the militarv service to fill the quota of Fountain county. He obtained upward of fifty. He held the appointment of deputy United States marshal several years, beginning about 1874. He is a member of the State Dental and the Wabash A^alley Dental Associations, and president of the latter body. In politics he is firmly attached to the principles, and is a warm advocate, of the policy of tlie democratic i)arty. Mr. Cunningham has been connected with the detective business soyie time, and has rendered very important service in tliat capacity, i »f thr numcruus occasions on which he has shown ability for sucl) work, one or two may be mentioned. The principal one, perhaps, was the discovery and arrest of John Jones, the niurderer of James Hall. The tragedy was committed in Attica in the autumn of 187n, and Hall was apprehended, hut escaped. The marshal oftered a reward of S15i) and the city $500. He had been at large a week when Mr. Cunningham began the pursuit. But lie soon got upon his track, and refusing to be misled by the deceptive arts wiiicii tiie fugitive employed to conceal his true charac- ter, he tallowed steadily tiie route he had taken, and finally discovered his hiding place in Ford connty, Illinois, where he recaptured him. The captor dis'ided the rewards with the men who accompanied him. On May 25, 1875, he did a good day's work in discovering four illicit stills and capturing the distillers. Two of them were situated in the so'ithern part of this county, and the others were across the line in Parke county. These operations were not a little dangerous, on account of the hostility of the neighborhoods to the interference of the law, but they were swiftly and skillfully performed and completely successful. In 1873 the safe of the Revere House, in Attica, was robbed most mysteriously, and the case was confided to this detective to work up and ferret out, which he did in a short time in a successful manner, recovering the stolen property, and arresting the culprit, and obtaining the evidence of his guilt at every step of his progress. Mr. Cunningham was married January 17, 1859, to Emily King, of Attica, daughter of Jackson King, who emigrated to Richland township about 1827. They have an only sou living, named William.

"Wolf Hirsch, butcher, Attica, eldest son of Zodick and Malohe (Joseph) Hirsch, was born in the state of Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, on February 15, 1841:. Anxious to leave the fatherland before he became of military age, in 1859 he emigrated to America alone and came direct to Attica. He was at once sent out peddling by liis friends, but this occupation was not suited to his tastes and he soon abandoned it and traveled ai-ound the country in search of other employment. On September 13, 1862, he was enrolled in Company C, S6th Ind. He was in the suppoi-titig column at Perryville, but not engaged ; fought at Laurel Hill, Crawfisii Springs and Stone River, and was taken prisoner in the last battle ; confined at Libby prison, and held three months. , When exchanged lie returned to his command and participated in the battle of Chickamauga, where he received a wound in the left wrist, and was again captured by the rebels and taken to Castle Thunder. Like all the Union prisoners he suffered greatly ; though he got comparatively enough to eat, the attention he received wag poor; and from a large, robust man of ISO pounds he was reduced to seventy-nine pounds when he reached Anna]")olis. Of eighty-five in the lot with which he left prison nine died between Richmond and City Point. He came home and obtained six successive furloughs of thirty days each; and was then detailed as orderly at the Soldier's Home hospital in Indianapolis, and did some service in dressing wounds. When fully recovered from his own wound he was transferred to the Veteran Reserve Corps and did duty as escort for prisoners till he was mustered out in the summer of 1865. He engaged in butchering and has since fol- lowed that business, except in the year 1SG6 he was selling groceries and liquors at Armiesburg, Pavke count}-. The remainder of the time his residence lias been at Attica. He was united in marriage with Eosa Heidelberger, of Eensselaer, Jasper county, Indiana, December 22, 1869. She was born August 16, 1852. Their two children. Belle and Gertie, were born respectively April 23, 1872, and June 22, 1873. Mr. and Mrs. Hirsch are members of the Benai Jeshurun congregation. The former is a Mason and a republican.

Alanson A. Greenwood, live-stock dealer, Attica, was born in Bethel. Oxford county, Maine, in 1828. He received an academic education ; for a few years he worked at making sash, doors and blinds ; and was afterward merchandising. In 1857 he emigrated to Leavenworth, Kansas; and in 1860 came to Fountain county, and until 1877 lived in Shawnee township. Between 1860 and 1865 he was operating the Greenwood mill with liis uncle, Harley Greenwood. In the latter year he and F. W. McCoughtry bought that property and manutactured flour till 1877, since which time they have rented it. During the same period these gentlemen have also been largely engaged in handling stock. For the past ten years their sales have annnally reached $500,000. They make weekly shipments to Buttalo. In 1877 be removed to Attica where his family has since resided. He was married in 1850, and again in 1868. His whole time is engrossed with an extensive business. In politics he is a republican.

Samuel D. Landon, merchant, Attica, the first child of Benjamin and Mary(Deardortf) Landon, was born April 5, 1827, in Montgomery county, Ohio. In 1829 the family removed to "Warren county, Indiana, and located in the Goodwine neigliborhood in Liberty township. Mr. Landon has been interested in farming all his life, but during the past thirty years also engaged in mercantile pursuits. He began poor, first by working for §8 per month, and next renting land. In a few years he got a small start and then went to trading. In 1850 he comhienced in the grocery business in 'Williamsport, afterward adding dry goods to iiis stock. In 1854 he sold out, and in 1856 resumed tiie grocery and provision trade. \In the fall of 1862 he renrCved to Attica, and has since continued in the same line of merchandising. lie was married October 19, 1861, to Lucinda, dangliter of Joseph Planes, an early settler of "VVarren county. Tliey liave reared four cliildren : Isabel, born December 25, 1853, married E. A. Green, of Attica, and died April 20, 1874; Louis 11., born April 19, 1856; Mary Alice, July 4, 1859 ; Samuel "W., June 14, 1865. Mrs. Landon belongs to the Protestant Episcopal church. They own upward of 600 acres of land. Mr. Landon had five brothers in the Union army during the rebellion, two of whom died in the service. He cast his first vote for Zachary Taylor for president ; in 1852 he voted for Gen. Pierce, and until 1876 continued to act with the democratic party ; but in that year he joined the greenbackers, and voted for Peter Cooper for president. In 1878 he received the nomination of the greenback party of Fountain and Warren counties for state senator, but failed of election. In 1880 he was renominated for the same position. Except on finance Mr. Landon stands by the ancient and immutable principles of the democratic party. He is in favor of the government issuing currency direct to the people, and opposed to the conversion of the greenbacks into a bonded indebtedness. In common with all greenbackers he shared in the opposition to the refunding of the five-twenty bonds. His ancestors have exhibited a uniform longevity, living into the eighties and nineties.

Jonas C. Aylsworth, president of the Attica ilills Company, Attica, was born in Columbia county, Xew York, in 1831. He was the youngest child of Asahel and Harriet (Conkling) Aylsworth. In 1839 the family removed to Granville, Licking county, Ohio. His father was a farmer, and he was reared a tiller of the soil. His education was obtained at Granville College, now Dennison University. In 1858 he went to Nebraska, where he lived five years ; a part of this time he was a clerk in the United States land office. In the spring of 1863 he came to Attica and took an interest with Fallis tt Plowman in the gristmill. It was then run by water and had but two sets of burrs. They increased the capacity by the addition of two more run of stones and put in a boiler and an engine, and it was henceforth a steam mill. This firm sold out to Brown & Telford, of La Fayette, and Mr. Aylsworth superintended it for the new company until July, 1871:, when he was appointed special agent of the pension bnreau. During most of the time he was in this service he was traveling in the east and the west on business for the government. In October, 1877, he resigned and returned to Attica, and immediately the Attica Mills Company - a joint stock association incorporated under the general laws of the state, of which Mr. Aylsworth is president - was orgapized, and tiie mill, which had been standing idle a year or more, was again i)ut to rnnu'm<r. Since that time it has undergone a thorough refitting; the old machinery has been entirely replaced with new, comprising all the latest improvements in mill fixtures, and^the capacity which was reduced to 100 barrels per day last year, has been increased to 150, while a further extension and improvement of the grades are now being made. They manufacture the " new process" and the "patent" flour altogether, and are doing a very large business. Tiieir mill is one of the be.<t in the state. Mr. Aj-lsworth was married to Miss Mary W. Atkinson, of ratasknia, Ohio, daughter of Samuel Atkinsou, at one time warden of tlie Ohio penitentiary. She died in 1S77. By this union were born five children : Harry S., Mary Plarriet, Edwin II., William A. and Walter J. Edwin died in 1878. Mr. Aylsworth married again, in April 1880, Lura F. Aylesworth, of East Clarence, Erie county. New York. She is a communicant in the Baptist church. He has been a Mason twenty-seven years, a-id secretary of Attica lodge since 1868, except the period that he was in government employ. He is now a member and secretary of the board of education of Attica, having been elected the current year. He has served three terms as conncilman of the city. He is more or less independent in politics, but the preponderance of his voting is with the republicans.

John T. Ni.xon, grain buyer, Attica, son of John and Maria (Veeder) Xixon, was born in Kacine county, Wisconsin, October 19, 18-10. His father was a farmer, and he was reared to the same occupation. In 1867 he came to Attica, and in 1876 started in the lumber and grain trade, and has since followed that business without interruption. He was married January 10, 1878, to Miss Ida C. Plowman, of Attica. He has been a Mason three years, and is a pronounced republican.

John T. Huddle, farmer, Attica, son of Henry and Sophia (Tarter) Huddle, was born in A^irginia in 1849. From about 1865 to 1870 he was engaged in the stock business, buying, driving to market, and selling cattle. Ill the latter year he went to Missouri, and in 1871 came to Logan township, this county, whei-e he has since resided. He was married in ]"^77 to Aliss Margaret J. Nave, daughter of Heury Nave, one (if the very early settlers of Logan township. They liave two children : Wiley J., born in 1878, and Mary Sophia, born in 1S79. Mr. Huddle has nuule an extended tour thro\igh the south and the northwest. Both he and his wife are conununicants iu the Presbyterian church. Politically, Mr. Huddle's views are democratic.

Marvin T. Case, physician and surgeon, Attica, was born in Walworth county, Wisconsin, June IS, 1843. He was raised a farmer, and obtained his education in the common schools of his native place, and at the graded school at Gowonda, New York. He was enrolled as a j.rivato August 15, 186-2, in Co. D, SCtli lud. Vols., and bore a sliaro in all the battles in wiiich his regiment wa.-; engaged. He was in tlio supporting column and under fire at Perryville, but did not exchange shots with tiie enemy. The next engagement was Laurel Hill, and after that Stone River. In the latter the SCth lost about 200 in killed, wounded and missing out of -160 that went into action. A reconnoissance to Crawfish Springs brought on a small engagement in which he participated. Pie fought next at Cliickamanga and Mission Ridge ; the 86th and 79th Indiana regiments were the first to phant tlie stars and stripes on tlie ridge in tlie advance from Orchard Knob on the last day of the battle. He then marched to the relief of Knoxvillc, and spent the winter of 1864-5 in East Tennessee. Tlie following summer he was on the Atlanta campaign, and engaged at Eocky Face Ridge, Cassville, Kingston, Kew Hope Church, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, Jonesborough, Lovejoy Station, and following Hood back to Tennessee, fought at Columbus, Spring Hill, Franklin, and jSTashville. He was mustered out as orderly sergeant at Nashville June 6, and disbanded at Indianapolis June 12, 1865. Besides the service mentioned he also did the usual amount of marching and skirmishing, and did not miss a day's duty in the whole period. Fie now engaged in farming and teaching, and in 1S67 was elected school examiner for Warren county. He held this position eighteen months, and in 1868 entered the LTniversity of Michigan, receiving the following year the degree of pharmaceutical chemist, and on March 30, 1870, graduated from the medical school of that institution. He immediately located in Attica in partnership with his old preceptor, Dr. Joseph Jones. After the expiration of two years his partner removed to Indianapolis, and the doctor has retained the large practice of the firm. He was married November 16, 1S70, to Miss Mary E., daughter of Rev. John P>. Demotte, of the Northwest Indiana conference. They have had four children : Jessie, Clarence, Ethel, and Lauren. The third died in infancy. In 1875 the doctor was appointed county superintendent of schools, and filled the office a year and a half, and in 1877 was elected school trustee of Attica, his term having just expired. Fle is an Odd-Fellow and republican. Both he and his wife are communicants in the Methodist Episcopal church. The doctor's father was a member of the convention which framed the constitution of Wisconsin when it was admitted into the Union as a state.

Prof. Wilbur Buzzell, teacher, Attica, third son of John and Catherine Amelia (Lewis) Buzzell, was born in Davisonville, Genesee county, Michigan, November 27, 1848. His father was a carpenter, and he worked with him and partially learned the same trade. He prepared for college at Detroit and Flint, Michigan. At the former place he received instruction in music under John Zundel. In 1869 he matriculated at the Michigan University and graduated in the classical course in 1873. He was organist for the Methodist church at Ann Arbor, and this situation furnished him the principal part of the means required to complete his collegiate course. His father provided the remainder. In the fall of 1873 he went to the Norwich University, a mili-

VM-y academy situated at Nortlifield,Yermoiit, and was there at dili'erent times amounting to two years altogether. He resided in Vermont during the school years of 1873 and 1S74:, and in February, 1875, came to Kah\raazoo, remaining there till June. On September 1 he celebrated his marriage with Miss Carrie Matthews, of Ann Arbor, and immediately went to Vermont, spending a year in that state, and re-^ turning to Michigan the next summer. In the autumn of 1876 he removed to La Fayette and taught two years in the high school in that city, and in 1S7S became principal of the Attica High School. In this position he has given eminent satisfaction, and has been retained another vear. During his residence in La Fayette he was organist for the Second Presbyterian church, and when he came to Attica he took charge of the music in the Methodist chnrch. The professor is an able and skillful musician and an accomplished vocalist.

Joseph Peacock, Attica, was born in Burlington county, New Jersey, September 19, ISli. His parents moved to Warren county, Ohio, the following year, and to Attica in the fall of 1829. Joseph learned the blacksmithing and wagonmaking trade when quite young, and followed it until a few years since. He served in the city council for seven consecutive terms. In 1874 he was elected township trustee and served for six years, the law prohibiting him from holding the office longer. In 1874 he made the race for niayoi-, but was beaten twentyfive votes. He has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal church for the past iifty years, and has filled various offices in that organization. Mr. Peacock is the oldest resident of Attica now living, having been here almost tiity-two years. He is an honored and respected citizen, and counts hi.- friends bv the score.

Ilichland townsliip, Fountain county, was originally organized July 24, 182'!, as follows: Beginning where the line dividing towns 19 and 20 cuts tiie center of range 6; thence north six miles; thence west eleven miles; thence north six miles: thence east to the place of beginning. At a later date it was changed to its j.rosent boundaries, to wit: It is bounded on the north b.rDavis township; on tiie east by Tippecanoe and Montgomery counties; on the south by Cain township, and on the west by Van Buren and Shawnee townships. It is nine miles long and six miles wide, except two sections in the nortliwest corner, and is situated in four congressional townships, namely, in T. 20 and 21 N., E. 6 W., and in T. 20 and 21 K, E. 7 W. It is divided in the center nortli and south by the range road or line. The Crawfordsville and Attica road passes through the township and through Newtown in a southeasterly and northwestern direction. The La Fayette and Covington road also passes through the town and township from the northeast to the southwest. It is watered by five creeks running across it from east to west : Big Shawnee runs half way across the north end of the township to the range road, then leaves it to the south; Little Shawnee runs clear across three miles south past jSTewtown ; two miles farther south the north fork of Coal creek ; one and a half miles south of tliat Turkey Eun, and lastly Di-y Eun.

About half the townsliip in its wild state was heavily timbered; the other prairie, more or less undulating, with a rich and fertile soil, and dotted here and there with groves, which, in tlie early days, furnished timber for buildings and fences for the farms to wliicli the}' belonged, and in places there were many hard maple or- sugar trees, which afforded the sweets for the early settlers.

The Fir.5T Settlers

Aaron Hettield was the first man to settle in Eichland township. He came from Elmira. Chemung county, New York, wlien he was thirty -five or forty years old. He was married to Miss Isabella Miller, of New York, in 1821, emigrated to this township in 1824, and settled where Newtown now is. He was a tanner by trade; engaged in that business for a time, and then sold out to Peter Shnltz, who afterward settled on the fai-m now owned by the widow and heirs of Bai'zillai Kei'r.

Mr. Iletfield was engaged chiefly in farming. He laid out Newtown, in 1830, on his own land. He died not long after iu Illinois, while on a visit to his daughter. He had four sons. Two are dead. Lew. Hetfield, hotel keeper at Yeedersburg, is his son. Tliere was no white family nearer than six miles. Indians j^lenty ; not hostile, but troublesome : thieving and begging. Tliomas Ogle and foraily, David Ogle, and their children, perhaps settled in March, 1S25, on what is known as the Ogle farm, north of Newtown, now owned by Isaac Shultz. Hetfield and Ogle built the first houses in the township. Daniel Clark and family, Joseph Hibbs and family, Nathan Cooper, and a Mr. Cofi'enberry, all settled near by soon after Ogle's settlement. The first school in their neighborhood was tauglit in a house on John Staftbrd's place, near Little Shawnee, by Mr. George Taylor, in the winter of 1825-6. The Ogles broke their prairie with oxen. Their second crop, planted and plowed once, two furrows in a row, yielded seventy-five bushels to the acre. Tliev went to mill to the Dotonite mill, near where Stone Bluff now is, and to Ilillsboro. Gornelius Ogden and family came in 1825 and settled on the Wood farm, southwest of Newtown. George Longmire, Robert Tanner, Jacob, and Abolt, with their fomilies, came the same year and settled along Coal creek, southwest of Newtown. John Stafford and family came in 1825. but were so dissatisfied that they would not unload their goods ; said they would starve to death, and started back to Ohio. Some of the settlers got them a good dinner, cheered them up, and told them there was no danger of starving. They came back and settled on the farm now owned by Joseph Reed, and never starved to death, but Stafford became one of the most energetic and successful farmers and business men of the township.

Jacob Hawk and Nathan Neal settled in the southwestern part of the township in 1825. Neal is still living on the land he entered. Though lie came into the township very poor, as he says, with nothing !)ut his hands and head, he has by industry and economy secured a good home of some 400 acres of land, which lie has well improved, Is out of debt, and says he has money at interest. He is now about eighty years old, and looks to be good for a hundred. The first school in Neal's neighborhood he thinks was taught by Moses Dudley, in 1827 or 1S2S. Mr. Beedle, father of Abram, Isaac and Aaron T. Beedle, settled in the eastern part of the township in 1S2-1:, and entered their land ; the same in part now owned by Jasper and Francis Beedle. They had first choice of the land, and nuide a choice selection : good prairie, good water, and excellent timber joining. There was no settlement for a long way east of them. "William McClure and family settled in 1820 where Jau'ies McClure now lives. Alex. Logan settled, about the same time, where Hiram Palin now resides. James Gregory, who was well known all over the country, came with the :\[cClures. He went to mill with the McClures to a corn-cracker somewhere near Rob Roy, and after looking at the speed with which the mill ground, said a hungry hound could begin in the morning and eat the meal all day as fast as it would grind. They also went to mill to Hillsboro. It was built in a very primitive style: a water-wheel was fixed on the lower end of a pole eight or ten inches in diameter, and the lower millstone fastened on the upper end; the upper millstone was stationary. It was built by Charles McGlothlin and Jesse Kesler. It is said that the Range road was marked or laid out by Charles McGlothlin blazing it out along the range line, and Aaron Iletlield driving his team and w.agon after him from Hillsboro. James McClure, the only one of his father's family living in Richland township, was eighteen years old when he came to wiiere he now lives, fifty-four years ago. He has secured a competence

Soon after the jMcClnres, Samuel Archer, father of James Archer, came to the township, and settled near to them. He was one of the first justices of the peace in the township, if not the very first. He was also a practical surveyor, a good business man, and worthy every way. The first school taught in the MeClure neighborhood was in a house near to them, on the soutli bank of Coal creek, by David Hacker. Peter Schultz, "William KiflP, Aaron Insley, James Stafford, Jackson King, and others, principally from Highland county, Ohio, came in 1827. Peter Shultz bought a large ti-act of land, was an energetic man, a tanner by trade. He bought out the yard of Aaron Hetfield, and moved it over a little south of tlie lane leading to the cemetery through the Kerr farm, which Shultz tiien owned and where he settled. He carried on the business, in connection with farming, till about 1812 or 1843. He worked up his leather, what was suitable, into horse-collars, and his make of collars was considered the best that could be obtained. He was the owner of about 1,000 acres of land, mostly under cultivation. His children settled on it here and there with the expectation that it should be theirs, though not yet deeded to them. In an evil hour he indorsed for his son-in-law, who was in the mercantile business in Attica, and in the financial crash that occurred in ISoS and ISiO he failed, and with his failure swept the whole of Mr. Shultz' valuable property from under him, except about 150 acres, which the creditors deeded to his wife to induce her to relinquish her right in all the balance. James Stafford, Aaron Insley and Jackson King, by untiring industry and thrift, secured good homes and valuable property, and were among the most substantial men of the township. They kept the best stock of every kind, and were among the very best men to handle stock who have lived in the community. Mrs. King, or Aunt Betsey, as she is universally called, is the only survivor of the pioneei-s of the Stafford and Insley connection, except Noali Insley, her bi-other, of Montgomery county, although it used to be said that all the people from Kewtown to Sugar Grove were related, and James Stafford was their uncle. Mrs. King is eighty-two or eighty-three years old. Ellis Insley came at a later date, and, aside from his being a man of superior intelligence, a stauncli supporter of the Methodist Episcopal church and all its institutions, a friend of tempierance, education and every good cause, he was noted as the keeper of the best stock of any man in the township. In the cattle line especially he was a public benefactor, by introducing and selling a superior grade of cattle. Altliough he left the townsliip some fifteen years ago, the improvement in the cattle

^' Iris not entirely disappeared. He removed to nvM- Indianapolis; but in a few years, M-hile ot. a visit to his daughter, Mrs. J. J. Schermerhorn neir Ivis old home, he was taken sick aiid died. There were a I number of other families who came early into the township, among them John Hamilton, who settled where Oliver H. Palin now hves; i a ilr. McCollum, who settled where I. M. Coen lives ; David Dodge, f who settled in the northeast corner of the township. It is said that I he was very poor when he came, but by industry and good managel ment he obtained a good property, and left snug little homes for his I children Edward C. Sunmer, who came into the township between i 1830 and 1835, was one of the most noted men. He farmed largeb", ? was a dealer in cattle and hogs, and fed large numbers for market. He f drove liis fat cattle every season, May and June, to the eastern mar- 1 ket There being no railroad to ship on, the cattle had to walk clear i to the seaboard cities. New York, Baltimore, or wherever the best mar- . I ket micrht be. His iiogs were sold to the packers along the Wabash, I La Fav'^tte and Attica, and sometimes they were driven to Chicago. I He became one of the largest land-holders of the township, it not the larcrest Samuel Dimmick, Nuss, Leathermans, Deters and Henry WUt now live on the land Sumner owned. He left the township about 1852 or 1S53, went to Benton county, Indiana, on Sugar creek, and, it is said, has become very rich. Xelson Sumner, his brother, was thou-ht to he his equal in mental capacity or capacity for making monev. He worked with E. C. Sumner some twelve years, he says, suppJsincr he was a partner and would get a good share of their profits, i but sav/he was let otf with a few hundred dollars, and consequently the township and settled north of Little Shawnee, two miles east of Newtown ^Vas a local preacher or exhorter in the Methodist Episcopal church, a man respected by everybody and regarded as one of the best of men. He owned a considerable amount of laud. John, or Jud<'e, Mick, his son, also a preacher, was a merchant in Newtown He was also a farmer, fed cattle and hogs and packed pork and beet some vears in Newtown. He was one of the large land-liolders ot the township. He bought goods in large amounts in New 1 ork on credit, his fatlier going his security. Failing to make p.^ment when due, all his lan.l and all his father's land was taken to satisfy the debt. 1. M Coen, J. J. Coen, R. A. Stephens, James Carter, John and Lphra.m Martin now occupy the Mkk land; Ephraim Martin and Josiah kerr Martin buvim; James Mehary in 183:i, and Kerr buying out Joseph Hibbs a year later, Martin settling where Epluahn Martin Jr. now lives, and Iverr where Samuel Kerr lives, Mehary and Hibbs having preceded thenn in settlement a short time. Martin and Kerr, each by good management and industry, became what is called in this community well off, and although both have been dead a number of years, what is an exception rather than the rule, their families have not squandered their estates. Mr. Kerr was a respectable preacher in the Christian church, and Martin an acceptable member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Amos and John, sous of E. Martin, are among the wealthiest and most substantial men of the township. Amos is a prominent member of the United Brethren church, and John of the Methodist Episcopal church. Samuel Kerr, son of Josiah Kerr, is one of tlie most successful farmers and largest land-liolders we have, and withal a first rate neighbor and citizen. Barzillai Kerr deceased some two years since, was one of Eichland's best men. He served nearly two yeai-s as county commissioner, and the general verdict is that Fountain county never had a better one. He was also a leading member of the Christain church. It is rather a remarkable coincidence that, although Ellis Insley, Ephraim Martin and Josiah Kerr all sold the farms they first settled on, Insley and Martin leaving the county, yet Insley came back near his old home to die ; Martin to the farm he left, dying at the house of his son John ; and Kerr to the house of Samuel, his son, the revy house he left. William Templeton settled about 1830 or 1831 on what is known as the Templeton farm, east of Newtown. He was the first man elected representative of the count}' in Eichland township. He was elected a second time, and under circumstances which rarely occur. He was elected after he was dead, dying on the day of th.e election. The first 4th of July celebration and barbecue was held at Templeton's. Isaac Beedle and John Riffle settled at an even earlier date, near by. Their tarins are now owned by J. Martin, S. Kerr and P. T. McKinney's heirs. They and their companions served their day, and rest in the Riffle graveyard. The west and northwest part of the township was settled by David Parrott, Evan Stephens, Isaiah Jones, Joseph Flora, Abednego Stephens, John Stephens, Isaac Coon, William S. Coon, John Bake, the Clawsons, Charles Taylor, John Wilkinson, James Dove, Wilsons, Curtis, Newell, John Day, and others. These all, in connection with the settlers heretofore named, endured the hardships incident to the settling of a new country, fenced and broke the prairie, cleared off the timber where timber was, built houses and barns, school-houses and churciies, and they too, most of them, have left their farms, all the improvements and institutions they helped to establish, to their children and successors, and have passed away. Many of these deserve tavor- able mention, hut let it sutKce to speak of a few. Jolni Stepliens who lived two miles northwest of Newtown, on the farm now owned by Joseph Flora, was a successful farmer, and everj'body liad confidence in his honesty and integrity. He was a democrat in politics. Was elceteil representative liy his party in 1850 or 1852, and served one term in the legislature.

W. S. Coon, son of Isaac- Coon, also a successful farmer, a prominent member of the Baptist church at Newtown, a democrat, and served one term as commissioner of the county. Isaiah Jones was a leading member of the Big Shawnee Baptist church, was also prominent in his day as a crier of sales. David Parrott was a farmer and cooper by trade. He was a prominent member of the Coal Creek Presbyterian church, and was elected one of the first elders in 1S27. He was also a leader of the music of the church. Curtis Newell settled where Amos Martin now lives; was a farmer and merchant. He failed in merchandising and gave up his farm to pay for his goods. He was in connection witli the Newtown Presbyterian church, one of its elders, and considun'd a vei'y excellent man. Aliout 1851 he removed to Warren county, Indiana, and died there some years ago. John Day, John Clement, old Mr. Duncan, his sons John and David, the Valivas, Jefferson, William, and Nathan, Alex Whitehall, the Kices, William, Isaac, Bonaparte and Jackson. Solomon Shoemaker, the Daggers, though not tlie first, yet were early settlers and were among Richland's best citizens. The Valivas, Whitehall, Clement and Shoemaker, were all members of the Methodist Episcopal church. The Rices, so far as they were professors, were in connection with the Baptist churches.

The first road in the township was the Crawfordsville and Attica road, which came from the soutlieast to where Newtown now is, about as it does now, crossing Little Shawnee where the Range road does, running north about a mile, tlience in a northwesterly direction to Attica. It was laid out in 1820. George and William Howe kept the first store as far as can be ascertained. A Mr. Webster was the first justice of the peace. The first shop was a cabinet shop, built by Noah Insley, who came in 182*!. Ho made the first bureau, the first table, and the first clock-case made in tlu' county. The first wagon-maker first physician, Dr. Holmes. There were several men who practiced pettifogging before justices of the peace, but the first lawyer was Dclos Warren. The post-office at Newtown was established in 18"1, but it is said the people of the townshij) liad mail facilities earlier; the first postmaster, William Howe or Richard Hicks. The first hotel was kept by Ambrose Kift". Tiie first school in Newtown was taught by

Amos Webster. Samuel Newer kept the first saloon, grocer}-, or doggery, as they were called in those days. The first saw-mill was built by a Mr. Yeazle, in 1826 or 1827, on Coal creek, three miles southwest of Newtown, and a saw-mill is still there. Peter Shnltz, Samuel Low, Eichard Hicks, and Hawkins, built the first flouring-mill, in 1S30, just above the Yeazle mill on Coal creek, and the only one ever built in the township except the Boggs mill, four miles south of Newtown on Dry Run, which has just been taken down and removed to Jacksonville. The company mill was a short-lived afikir. Coal creek being a sluggish stream, not having sufficient fall to get good power, and the water running too low in the dry season. Henry Beedle, son of Aaron T. Beedle, or James Archer, was the first person born in the township. Montreville Seely and Mrs. Heacock, or David Inyard and Miss Rispy Buck, were the first to marry. Both couples were married in 1826.

Newtown was laid out by Aaron Hetfield in 1830, who owned the land which it occupies. It is situated in the S.W. ^ Sec. 6, T. 20 N., R. 6 W., and the S.E. i Sec. 1, T. 20 N., R. 7 W. It has 188 lots surveyed. It has streets running north and south : Shawnee, Range, Adams, and Spring. Running east and west it has Ridge, Main, Washington, and Clay. Its population is 307. Its mereliants have been George and William Howe, Richard Hicks and Samuel Low, John Stafibrd and Dewitt Kift', William and Robert Miller, John Mick, George Hicks, A. J. Danforth, Reddick Hunnings, Aaron Black, A. S. Frankenfield, Samuel Reeves, Robert Campbell & Son, William and Isaac Rice, John Gebhart, dry-goods^men. Druggists, Dr. E. Detchen, Anthony Dengler and Dr. J. S. Riffle, J. W. Moore and Alexander Graves. Physicians, Holmes, Poraeroy, Scott, Chestnut, Ritchey, Cole, Kelly, Fraley, Weaver, MeElwee, Riffle, Wiles, Kellenberger, Sherman, and Van Dervolgeu, of the allopathic school ; and Menefee, Hartley, and Crane, of the eclectic. Tailors, Gamer, Abram and Robert Campbell, Hunnings & Shields. Wagon-makers have been Hysong, A. B. Earl, Dawson, Wm. Sayers, Wm. Nelson, Joseph Galbreath, Samuel and Scott Clark, David Ewert, Simeon Tresler, and P. V. Law. Blacksmiths, Rodgers, John Crane, AYm. Ewert, Richard Donovan, Miller, Johnson, Nabors, Jesse White, Harvey White, Colby, H. Floyd, J. Bittenbender, and others. Staff"ord & Kiff" were successful merchants till 18il or 1842, when Stafford died. Kifl" removed to Attica and continued the business there. He left part of his goods in Newtown, in the hands of Henry Clark. Kiff" died not long after in the south, where he had gone for his?health, leaving quite a handsome estate. Danforth, after a time, sold his store and went to Indianapolis. A. S. Frankenfield was a popular and successful merchant, highly d by almost everybody. He also boutrbt and shipped a great many hogs. He was everybody's man. Ho died in 1864, lamented by the whole community. Eobert Campbell & Son, and Isaac Eice and Gebhard, are the present dry-goods men, each firm keeping a good assortment of dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, clothing, and hardware, and are doing a good Ousiness. Eobert Campbell has long been the only tailor in Xewtown. He makes the fine suits for the gentlemen, old and young, always keeping posted in regard to fashions, and fitting up his work in the latest style. He has also been postmaster for twelve or sixteen years, witji an occasional interval.

The present physicians are Drs. Eiflie, Wiles and Sherman. The wagon-makers are D. Ewert. P. Y. Law, S.D.Clark and A. B. Earl. Tiie blacksmiths are Colby, Johnson, Bittenbender and McLane. The druggists, Alex. Graves and J. "W. Moore. Saddle and liarness makers, Jas. Haas, E. Plarris and Wm. Hudson. The carpenters, Wm. and Horace Gray, K. Y. Fisher, Chas. Bettice, Harry Beckly, Joseph and Jirris "Wilson and Daniel Eeed. Furniture dealer, cabinet-maker a;;i.l undertaker, Daniel Eeed. Painters, Irvin and Henr^- Beckly, S.im"l Sinnett and A. Hannon. Tinner, Jarrard Crane. Boot and fi.ue maker, Mr. Helbig. Eev. B. P. Eussell, dealer in windmills, Perkins' patent. James Hudson, plasterer. Jas. and F. Haas, stonemasons. Sam'l Low, clerk in Campbell's store, has served several terms as township trustee. Dr. Henry Wilson, dentist. Thos. Newell, tanner. Wm. Dinwiddie, butcher. Joseph Eeed, fanner and stock dealer. Thos. and J. Barnett, ditchers and well-diggers. Geo. Duncan, stock dealer. Ed. Keyt, D. P. Parrott and Benj. Yoliva, stock dealers and farmers. Isaac Shultz, Michael Bever, Hiram Palin, Kobt. Parnell and Chas. McCiure are among our most successful and wealthy I'.umers and stock dealers. Frank Scott, hotel keeper. Wm. ]\r. Eice, t<.iwn.ship trustee. Sam'l Eeeves, justice of the peace. Jas. II. Yoliva, justice and attorney-at-law. There are three resident ministers in Xewtown : Eevs. D. Ilandley, of the Methodist Episcopal ciiurch ; J.W. Mann, of the Presbyterian church, and B. P. Eussell of the Baptist e'nurch.

There are three churches in town,^[etlu)dist Episcopal, Presbyterian and Baptist, all of them kci^t in good repair. The Masons have a good 1. .ill over Cam])beirs store; the Odd-Fellows over Eice's store, and a town hall or Good Templars' hall over Eeed's furniture store. Tiie township has a gi-aded school-house in Newtown, 40x50 feet, two stories high, with four rooms ; built in 1873 by Samuel Low, trustee ; architect, William Gray. It is a neat, substantial, brick Ituilding, cost $G,400, -^2,2uO of which was raised by donation, the balance by taxation. The house is a credit to tlie townsliip and the pride of its citizens. The population of the township is 1,818. The property of Richland is valued at $919,000. The personal at 8189,400. Mr. Elias McAuley was principal of the graded school three sessions, the first two and the fourth ; Mr. James Sym, the third session ; Mr. Warren McBroom, the fifth ; Mr. William McClure, the sixth ; Mr. William Smith, the seventh. Mr. Preston is the present principal. There are thirteen good school-houses in the township besides the graded school-house.

There are seven church buildings: Shawnee Chapel, three and onehalf miles north of Newtown, on Big Shawnee; United Brethren, Big Shawnee Baptist Church, three miles west of Newtown ; the Christian Church, at the Coal Creek cemetery ; Center Chapel, United Brethren, four miles southwest, and the three churches in Newtown. There are seven cemeteries: Newtown, Coal Creek, Bifile's, McKinney & Mc- Clure's, Sloan's, Flora, and the Shawnee Chapel. There are two extensive tile factories : Daniel Carpenter's, in the southwestern part of the township, and J. W. Leatherman's, in the northeast. There are twenty windmills in the township, all Perkins' except two or three. There have been repeated eftorts made to secure a railroad through the township. About 1850 the Eel Eiver Yalley Railroad Company was organized, Newtown being a point ; the citizens subscribed liberally to the stock of the company. The track was graded from Newtown west four or five miles, and then the project died, leaving the subscribers to foot up expenses. About 1868 or 1869 the La Fayette, Rockville & Terre Haute Company was formed, - a road to be built by way of Newtown. Some .S25,000 was raised in La Fayette, and $25,000 in the vicinities of Shawnee Mound and Newtown. The line was surveyed, estimates of the cost of grading made, an appropriation voted by Richland township, and it went the way of all the earth, leaving the subscribers to pay the funeral expenses. About 1875 the Frankfort & State Line Railroad Company was organized, proposing to be a link of the Toledo & St. Louis railroad, and Richland voted a two-per-cent appropriation in June, 1876, to aid in its construction, provided Newtown be a point. The township is still threatened with a road if it raise enough money, but not much afraid.

FIRES. The first fir^ in the township was Zachariah Hodson's house, in 1837 or 1828, said to have been fired by an incendiary. The next was the house of the supposed incendiary. The first fire in Newtown was James Bake's wagon shop, in 1838. The second, George Hicks' store, in 18ilr. The third, David Haas' dwelling, 1859. Wilson's house the same year. Aaron Black's barn, by lightning, 1S56. Eice's store, 1S68. Nathan Xeal's and Aniasa Ball's barns burned, in the southwestern part of the township, in 1843 or ISii. Ambrose Kitf's house burned 1S61. John Higbee's saw-mill burned 1867, by incendiaries. Jefferson Eay's house burned about 1805. John Riffle's house, 1865; also Geo. Ritfle's saw-mill, near the same time.

Noah Insley and Ambrose KitI' were hauling lumber. In crossing- Little Shawnee, four miles west of Newtown, the fore-wheel of the wagon dropped otf the frozen bank into the creek, Kiff fell off, and the hind-wheel, with COO feet of green walnut lumber on the wagon, ran over his head. Insley, finding he was not killed, unhitched his team of three yoke of oxen, turned them all loose but one, got Kiff on that one and held him on till he got him to Newtown. He recovered. Aaron Black accidentally shot a son of William Howe in the arm, about 1850, making a severe and troublesome wound. Augustus Ilannon fell twenty feet out of a tree, October 12, 1861, while gathering wild grapes, and was so badly hurt that for a long time his life was in peril. He Jinally recovered so far as to be able to hobble around and work a little at his trade of painting. A limb fell on William McClure in 1870, while working in the timber, striking liim on the head. He was supposed to be killed, but he rallied and recovered. Henry Beedle, about 1S5S, while chopping trees felled one on his little boy and killed him. Perry Strader, a young nuui of seventeen years, while hunting ducks and prairie-chickens, in crossing a ditch accidentally shot and killed himself It happened abt)ut a mile southeast of Newtown, on April 5, 185S. In 1863 or ISO-i Ambrose and Elizabeth Jvilf had a little daughter burned to death. In the absence of the parents a three or four-year-old brother, i>laying in the tire with a cornstalk, set her clothes on fire. In the fall of Ibl-i a young man, son of Thomas Twiddy. while raccoon hunting, was killed by a falling tree.

TK.VGKHIKS. There have been four persons killed by viulence in the townshij): Mrs. Flora about 1842 or 1843. But we draw a veil over the transaction. Edwin King, killed by William McCouch, in Attica, April 5, 1861. Dr. A. B. Cunniiigliain, brother-in-law of King, iiad bought a house, and King wont to Attica to iielp him move into the house. It was occupied by a Mr. Longsdorf, wiio refused to get out of it.

Cunningham, acting under the advice of a' good attorney, after giving Longsdorf timely notice, began setting his goods outside of tlie house. Longsdorf resisted, and a row ensued. King, seeing the trouble, went to the house. McOouch, having a clothes-beetle or maul, six or eight inches in length and four or five in diameter, struck King on the head, killing him instantly. He was greatly lamented by the family and a large circle of relatives and friends. McCouch was arrested, had a preliminary trial, was recognized to appear in court and answer to the charge of murder, and was released on bail. The trial was put oflF from time to time, on one pretest and another, till the prosecutors despaired of ever bringing him to trial and ceased to appear against him. Sylvester Cheney killed Jonathan McGlothlin in the fall of 1S63, at 'Squire Kiley's, in the south part of the township. The}' were engaged in a lawsuit. Cheney was tried at Crawfordsville, by change of venue from Covington, and the jury found him not guilty, and he was discharged. The weapon Cheney used was a revolver. McGlothlin was shot three or four times.

The last case was William Woolen, killed at a dance at John Johnson's, on the Flora place, two miles west of Newtown, in November 1S78, as charged, by a Mr. Gallimore and Mat McDaniel. McDaniel was arrested, tried and sentenced to the state's prison for six years. He was taken to prison, but soon brought out under a grant for a new trial, but as yet has had no trial, and is at liberty on bail. Gallimore fled the country and has never been arrested. Woolen was stabbed to the heart with a knife, dying at once.

The township made a good record in furnishing men to aid in putting down the rebellion. It tarnished men for the 40th, 72d, S6th, 116th, 150th and ISlth regs. It furnished two captains, James Ira Jones and William McKinney. Three lieutenants, 0. K. Yinton, Dr. George Hays and James Stafford, and about two hundred of the rank and file. Quite a number of our boys and men gave their lives to save their countr}'. Some of them sleep on southern soil in unmarked, yet not in unhonored, graves.

Indi.Vn Scare

INDI.VN SCARE. In the summer of 1826 the settlers were terribly frightened by a report that an Indian raid was about to be made, to cut off all the settlers from Attica to Crawfordsville. The people fled from their homes, hiding their bedding in the cornfields and whatever else they could quickly remove, expecting their dwellings to be burned.

Tliu mull, woiiiun and children collected in the niglit at Thomas Ogle's, north of Newtowu, and Richard Hicks', two miles west on the Kellogg farm, and prepared for defense as best they could. At Ogle's, pickets were stationed out to watch the approach of the savages. Women and children were crying, men quaking with fear. Pretty soon the Indians were seen stealthily approaching; the pickets were driven in, and they were expecting every moment to feel the deadlv bullet and the scalping-knife of the merciless savage. But as they did not approach the house, the faithful dog holding them at bay, Koah Insley proposed tliat they venture and see if the Indians were really around. They went and found that the Indians that had been seen wrapped in their blankets, skulking around, was an opossum that the dog had on top of the fence, walking back and forth. It turned out that there were no grounds whatever fur the alarm ; that there were no hostile Indians anywhere in the vicinity. It is said that two men in Warren couiit\- got uj) the scare to stop emigration till they could go east and get money to enter some land that they feared emigrants would take up; that they rode througli from Attica to Orawfordsville, giving the alarm at e\ci-y house and stop])iiig every emigrant wagon.

The ('liristian ciiurch of Newtown was organized in 1S41. Their first preacher Kev. Obadiah Ward ; second, Eev. John Ocain. Revs. William Young and Joseph Galbreath also preached for them. Their tirst oflicers were Obadiah Ward, Daniel Clark and Joseph Galbreath, elders. First members, James Ogle and Elizabeth his wife, Elizabeth CJhirk, Riihaniah Galbreath, Ira Gumming and Catharine his wife, Rebecca Clark, Lynna Stafibrd. Mrs. Teiiipletoii, Kezia Clark, Jemima Clark, William' Clark, Dolly Hodge, John Clark and Delilah his wife. Owing to the removals and death of many members of this church, it disbanded about IS-iS.

The Christian church at the Coal Creek cemetery was organized July IT, 1871, with a membershii) of seventeen. The first minister was Elder Phelps, who labored for the church one year. In 1872 Rev. W. T. Warbiiigton was employed as pastor and continued until 1S7S. He was a popular preacher and instrumental in building up and largely increasing the cliurch in numbers. In 1879 tlic pastoral labors of Rev. T. C. Smith, president of Mcrom College, were secured, and his pastorate continues at the present time. The first ofHcere of the church were: deacons David Whitesel and Jo.^^iah Rusk; clerk, James Rusk. There was a union Sunday-school organized a short time after the church, which is still in good condition, being kept up both sum- iner and winter. Tlie cluirch now numbers 150. The present deacons are David Whitesel, Keuben Lister and Thomas Miller. Barzillai M. KifF is the present clerk.

Shawnee Chapel United Brethren cluirch was organized in 1S71. The following persons composed the organization: Eev. John M. Bottenberg and Briscilla his wife, Edward Dunkin and Lncinda his wife, Silas Bittle and Fannie his wife, Henry Witt, Wm. Gnen and Ann his wife, Eichard Bittle, Jeremiah Biisenbark, Jeremiah Honts, Cyrus Houts, Elizabeth Honts, Huidah Ann Bottenberg, Conner Bottenberg, John Hale, John Caltou, Martha Mattox, Amos Martin and Hannah his wife. The first trustees were Amos Martin, J. M. Bottenberg, and Joseph Bittle. First preacher, Eev. W. X. Koti'man ; others, Eevs. Teagiie, Carrigus, H. X. Eice, Adam Wainscott, Comer, Kewell, Smith, Geo. Shapley, and M. L. Cheadle, the present minister. The church at present numbers sixteen. A Sunday-school is kept usually in the summer season.

The Hopewell Eegular Baptist, of Xewtown, was oi'gaiiized June 27, 1S35, in Montgomery county, at the house of "Wm. Davis. Peter Mctzler, Eobert Arhart, Euth Arhart. Catharine Davis. Simeon Davis, and Euth Davis at first composed the church. July 23, 1836, the church met at the house of Wm. Davis, and, on motion of Isaac Coon, the church was moved to Xewtown, Fountain county, Indiana. May 27, 1836, Isaac Coon was chosen deacon. Elder Wm. Eeeves was pastor two years, the church numbering twenty. James Titus, clerk. Xovember, 1837, Elder Peter Webb was chosen pastor, and served five years. Eeceived into the church twenty-two; membership, thirty -one. November, 1839, Wm. Dinwiddle was chosen clerk, and also elected deacon. November, lSi2, Elder P. T. Palmer preached for the church three months. June 21, 1813, Eichard Donovan, Eichard Stephens, and A. J. Danforth elected trustees. Elder Webb was again called to the pastorate, and continued sixteen years. Eeceived, twelve members; dismissed, sixteen; died, fourteen; excluded, seven; leaving five members. January, ISOO, Elder C. J. Bowles became pastor; continued fourteen years. At the close of his labors the church numbered seventy-four. March, 1860. Dr. S. M. Elwee chosen clerk. July, 1860, W. S. Coon elected deacon. September 13, 186i, Jacob Haas, W. S. Coon and J. C. Smith elected trustees. November, 1872, 8. W. Coon elected clerk. December, 1S7'±, Elder Wright commenced preaching for the church, continuing seven months. Jnly, 1875, Elder Davis became pastor for one year. A Sunday-school was organized April, 1875, and continues to the present with a fair degree of prosperity. S. W. Coon, superintendent ; J. L. Freeman, secretary.

.Inly, 1S70, Elder Cartwiiglit coniinoiiccd preacliiiig for tlie church tor one year. Cliiircli membership eiglity-seven. November, ISTS, Elder r>. P. Russell was secured as pastor, and preached for the clmrch three years. Octuber 2, ISSi'i, Elder C. J. Bowles again called to the pastorate of the church, and is the present minister. Membership eighty-two.

The Regular Predestinarian Big Shawnee Paptist church was organized July, 1S29. A presbytery was called together consisting of IClder Johnson and brethren Jess Osborn, Asa Smith, Roads Smith, James D. Drake, and John Oi-r, of Coal Creek churcii, and Elder James Buckles, of Sinking Creek church, Oliio. Elder George Jolinson was chosen moderator, and E. W . Jones clerk. The following persons presented letters of dismission from other churches, and were organized into the Big Shawnee church : Isaiah Jones and Leah liis wife, James Smith, David Stephens and Susan his wife, Hannah r.uckles, Francis Wilkinson, and E. W. Jones. August 15, 1S29, David Stephens was chosen deacon. Isaiah Jones was appointed clei'k in lS3t>. November, 1S3S, Elder James liuckles was ajipointed moderator. February, lSi9, Elder John lirady was called to the pastorate of the church. June, 1S50, Elder A'aughn was called to preach for diK' year in connection with Ehlei- iirady. Feliruary, 1S52, Elder \'anclcve was called to i^reach once in t w,." nh.ntli.- with Elder Brady. From January, IS.oO. to Septendjer, \6h\>, Elders J. J. Goben and S. C. Johnson preached for the clnireh with Eider Brady. December, iSi)'.), Isaiah Jones and Isaac Rice wei'c elected deacoTis. Tho tliird Sunday in .\pril, l^'IO, Elders Brady, Jnhn.un. and Vancleve being

God's providence, a few of the friends of Zion, -nts of the Presbyterian church, having settled on i.d and Shawnee town.-hip;*, far from God's SJinctuto break to them the bread of life, resolved, in the together every LordV day to read the Scriptures and prayer to (.'rod ; and (iiul, who is the hearer of prayer, heard the voice of their supplications. They were visited in the fall of 1827 by the Rev. James Thompson, from the presbytery of

Cincinnati, who engaged to preacli for tlietn once a month until further arrangements sliould be made. It was then agreed to appoint Saturday, December 3, 1827, to organize a church. December 3, the members and adhei-ents of tlie Presbyterian church met at the house of "William ililler. The Rev. James Thompson was chosen moderator, and Dr. Samuel Fullenwider, clerk. The following persons then presented certificates of membership from other clinrclies: William Mc- Clure and Esther his wife; William Miller, Edmund Parrott and Mary his wife; Alex. Logan and Anna his wife; Jane Brandenburg, David Parrott and jSTancy his wife ; James Miller and Mary his wife ; Isabella Miller, James Brier and Mary his wife; Mrs. Jane Miller, Miss Jane Miller, Dorcas Brier, Samuel Fullenwider and Jane his wife, - nineteen in number, and were organized into a church. William McClure, William Miller and David Parrott were elected as the first elders ; James Brier, Alex. Logan and James Miller were elected trustees, and Dr. Samuel Fullenwider treasurer of the church. The ministerial labors of Eev. James Thompson were secured for one year. May 1, 1S29, Pov. John Thompson's labors with the church commenced. Octobei- 1, 1829, the church had increased to forty-nine. During the year 1829 this oi'ganization built a house of worship, 30x40 feet, on or near the ground now occupied by the Coal Creek C'emetery chui'cli. It was burned down a year or two after its erection. Another was built soon after on James Miller's land, a quarter of a mile west of the first. Pev. E. O. Hovey located near the church about January 1, 1832 ; preached for the church acceptably and successfully fur three years. January 1, 1835, Rev. John Crawford began preaching, one half the time in the Coal Creek church, and the other half in the McClure neighborhood. In June 1833, August 1834, and August 1835, Presbyterian camp-meetings were held near the church, resulting in much good. A church was erected near McClure's, in 1835, called Pleasant Ridge Meeting-house, and meetings were held there regularly. May, 1835, John Logan and James Gregg were elected elders. Rev. John Crawford died in June 1839. In 1S3S the church divided, the eastern, or Newtown portion, going with the New School, and the western, or Coal Creek portion, going with the Old School, and so became two churches. In 1840 Rev. Samuel G. Lowrie supplied the church for a time. In January, 1841, the Rev. John Fairehild, a licentiate, commenced ministerial labors in Newtown. In March, 1841, the church adopted the name Newtown Presbyterian church. The Coal Creek church kept up its organization till about 1860, when it disbanded. Rev. John Fairehild was ordained June 18, 1841. Novenibei' G, 1841, Benjamin Botsford and P. T. McKinney were elected and ordained elder;. P. T. J[cKinncy was chosen clerk of session, and retained the onioe till death. Benjamin Botsford, elder, died Decernher 12, 1S46. John Logan, elder, died December 20, 1846. Curtis Kewell, elected ekler Febrnarj 7, 184-7. Edward McQnig, chosen elder December 7, 1850. William Fersing, chosen elder August 1852. September, 15.M, Rev. AVilliam Bacon began ministerial labor onehalf the time for a year. August, 1852, Rev. Alex. Lemon settled in jSTewtown, and preached to the clnireh till August 1857. Mav, 1858, Rev. S. B. King, a licentiate, commenced preaching in Xewtown. He was ordained December 4, 1858 : continued to labor for the church till March, 1873, except an interval of a few months. L M. Coen, chosen elder September 1858. Church rebuilt in ISGl; dedicated December 15. ISGl ; dedicatory sermon by Rev. James Carnahan ; prayer by Rev. John Hawks. December, 18G5, Orange K. Vinton and Edward Parrott elected deacons. A. C. McCorkle and Capt. J. Ira Jones also served as deacons. November, 18GG, W. B. Yan Dervalgen elected elder. October, 1873, Rev. "W. J. Essick commenced preaching for the church, continuing two years. P. T. McKinne}-, elder, died September 8, 1874. Elder "William Persing died January 23, 1375. April, 1875, James McCluro and Edward Parrott elected and ordained elders. Horace Gray and Frank IMcKinney elected and ordained deacons same date. October, 1875, Rev. Essick closed liis hiliors with the churcli, and Rev. John Creath supplied it temporarily. April, 1876, secured tlie labors of Rev. M. L. j\[ilford. He continued two years. May. 1878. John J. Coen chosen deacon. August, '1878, i;-v. J. W. M,;'i, !,egan pre;, chin.- for the churrh, and is the present l.i.tor. l.N7'.t, Charles 11. McKinney wa.- elected elder, and Tiiouias Shultz deacon. Present membership about 100. The present ofricers are: James ^IcClure, W. B. Van Dcrvalgen, Edward Parrott, ( iiarles R. ^[iKiiiney and I. M. Coen, elders; Capt. James Ira Jones, Frank Mclvinney, Horace Gray, John J. Coen and Thomas Sluiltz, deacons; James McClure, Edward Parrott and William M. Gray, trustees; I. M. Coen, clerk of session. The clinrch has a j)rosperous Snnday-sciioc!,aud has liad during most of its liistory. Has been kept running winter and summer for some ten or twelve years. Thomas Shultz is superintendent, and Mrs. Edith Kerr, secretary. Tiie Co.al Creek church, of which this is an outgrowth, was tlie first organized in the town.-hip. It built the first cljurch building, and organized the first Sund.ay-schijol. Tiie church built a snug par.sonage near the church building in the fdl of 187'.', costing about !?I,100, house and lot.

away. Prominoiit among tlicni were Hiram Koyal, Fleming Davidson, John Davidson, Daniel Stradcr, and Jacob Hawk. Tiie building, four miles southwest of Xewtown, known as Center Chapel, was erected in ISOO. The church remains a permanent oi'ganization, is regularly supplied with preaching, and keeps ujya Sunday-school regularly in the summer season. H. F. Huff is the present superiutendent. Kama of tlie pastor not known.

The form of religious faith aud worsliij) known as Metliodism was introduced into Eichland township by the earliest settlers. But it is to be regretted that much of the record of the early organization and labors of those pioneers has been lost. Enough i-emains, however, to give us the following facts of their history.

The first organization of the church was at the residence of Peter Shultz, near the village of Xewtown, in the year 1S27, by Rev. Hackaliah Vredenbnrg, a local preacher, who had emigrated to this country a short time previous. The following named persons united to form this organization : Peter Shultz, Elizabeth Shultz, Anna Ogle, Andrew lusley, Isabel Insley, Betsy Hamilton, Betsy King, Jesse Cook, Xancy Cook, and Charles Mick aud wife, with pierhai^s .some others whose names have been lost. Of these Betsy King is, so far as known, the only surviving member, and she retains lier membership with the Xewtown church, though residing with her son-in-law, Dr. Cunningham, in Attica.

The first official appointment of pastor was in the year 1S2S. It was included in the Crawfordsville circuit, with Stephen IJ. Beggs as preacher in charge, and the next year the celebrated James Armstrong was the preachei- in charge, and John Strange, of precious menaory, was the presiding elder. The society continued to worship at the residence of Peter Shultz, who was class-leader, for several years, until a school-house was erected in the neighborhood, and for better accommodation the place of meeting was changed. So rapidly did the society increase in numbers that in a few years a church was demanded, and erected on the site of the present Methodist Episcopal church, in Xewtown. The first cliurcli was thirty-eight feet in width by seventy feet in length, and was none too large to accommodate the congregation ill that early day. This edifice was remodeled and rebuilt in 1853, and again in 1S07.

The Xewtown church was connected with the Crawfordsville circuit until 1831, when the La Fayette circuit was organized, and Xewtown became a part of the new circuit. This continued until 1835, when the Covington circuit was organized, embracing this territory. This arrangement continued for three years, when the Xewtown circuit was

In tlie sprini;- of 1870 the beautit'iiL residence projierty of Dr. J. S. Ritfie was ]iurchased for a parsonage, nnder the pastorate of IJev. 1). G. Le Soiird, and at the ensning annual conference the Xewtown church was connected for pastoral service witli Eethel Methodist Episcopal elinrcli, iu Logan township, and Rob Roy Methodist Episcopal churcli, and the present pastor, Rev. I). Handley, was appointed to the pastorate.

The present membership of the church numbers Un. The following are trustees: Rev. J. J. Schermerliorn, John ]-eathernuin, Michael Bever, Jolin S. Martin, H. Y. Fisher, Samuel Low, John Stafford, J. M. Voliva. and Henry Clement. There is a flourishing Sunday-school connected with the chiircli, numbering 120. A. C. Schermerliorn is superintendent, and Charles Frankentield assistant, and Miss Carrie Frankenfield secretary. Social meetings are regularly maintained. Rev. J. J. Schernierhorn, Samuel Low, and J. "^L Voliva are classleaders, and Isaac Shultz, Henry Clement, J. M. Voliva, and J. J. Schei'inerhorn are stewards. Henry Clement is recording steward.

David Ogle, farmer, Newtown, was the sixth child in a famil}' of eleven children, by Thomas and Anna (Jones) Ogle, and was born in Adams county, Ohio, February 27, 1818. The family traveled a distance of 200 miles in twenty-four daj-s, iu a four-horse wagon, and reached Fountain county, in the neighborhood of Hillsboro, about Christmas, 1824. In March following they moved, and made their home in Richland township, about a mile north of Newtown, on land at present owned by Isaac Shultz. His father died on the place in 1836, and his mother survived until six or seven years ago. In 1857 Mr. Ogle moved to his present location, where he owns about 110 acres, the most of which is choice fanning land. Flis first marriage was with Hannah Ivnisley, in lS-37, who had five cliildren: Charlotte, wife of TTilliam Hatton ; Anna (deceased) ; Mary Catherine, wife of Thomas Newell ; Samuel T., and Levi (deceased ). In 1856 he was married to the relict of William Kifl"', formerly Margaret Kerr. The issue of this marriage has been three children: Esther (deceased), Elizabeth and Charles D. Mr. Ogle's srep-son, Amljrose Kit}", was a soldier in the 151th Ind. Vols. He enlisted early in 1865 for six months, or during the war, and his service was in the Slienandoah valley, where he was mustered out in August. He is living in Republic county, Kansas. Josiah Kiff was enrolled early in the war, in a New York cavalry regiment. He went through the Peninsular campaign, and was afterward killed while advancing on the enemy hear Fredericksburg. There were two others of these step-sons : James Kift', who died in Kansas five or six years ago, and Barzillia M.. living in this township. Mr. Ogle is a decided republican. He and his wife have been members of the Christian church fir thirty years. He was a deacon for a long time.

John Abolt, farmer, Newtown, was born in Montgomery county, Ohio, March 14, 1816. In 1825 he came with his parents, Jacob and Mary (Fosnoth) Abolt, to Richland township, and settled on the fiirra where he resides. This land, which his father entered, is described as follows : W. i N.E. i and E. * N.W. i Sec. 13, T. 20, R. 7. About twenty-seven years ago he bouglit the place from his father, who lived with him from that time till his death, in Miirch 1878. lie attained the extreme age of ninety-eight. He was a German, but the date of his emigration to these shores is unknown. He was a miller in tlie fatherland, and followed his trade several years in the eastern states. At length he came west, and for some time lived in Cincinnati, where he ran the first steam grist-mill ever erected in that city. He married in Montgomeiy county, Ohio. After his home was in tliis count}' he confined his labors to agriculture. John Abolt married Mary Furr October 11, lSi7. She was the daughter of Jacob Furr, who settled in Cain township in an eai'ly day, and was born March 18,1825. They liave three ]i\ing children : Samuel K., born April 30, 1819 ; Alice, October 11, 1852 ; and Marion, December 24, 1851. Mr. Abolt united with the New Light church twenty years ago. His wife and children are Baptists. He owns a very desirable farm of 200 acres. His politics are democratic, and his record is one of good citizenship, untiring industry, and unswerving integrity.

jSTathan Neal, flirmer, Hillsboro, was born neai' Lexington, Kentucky, July 20, 1801. About 1S07 his parents, Benjamin and Mary (^Seller) Neal, moved to Preble county, Ohio, wliere they lived and died. He was married February 1, 1821, to Delilah Fleming, of Darke county, Ohio. In August, 1825, he came to Fountain county to view the country, in comjiany with Jacob JLawk and Ebenezer Bridge, who had been here the spring before and entered land. They had come now to put up cabins, and while so engaged Bridge deckled not to move liis family until the succeeding sjiring. Hawk, rather than come to the county with his family alone, sold twenty-live acres off from his eighty to Mr. jSTeal, on four years' credit. Tlie latter left Ohio October 25, 1825, with liis wife and three children, without a cent of money, and drove through with a yoke of o.xen and two cows, his entire worldly estate, arriving on the 6th of Xoveraber. It seems hardly credible that it was but a generation ago that he sat down here in a wooded wilderness where there was but little sign or sound of human life to disturb the primal solitude, and bring cheer to the heart of the lonely pioneer. No Indians were to be seen, but deserted wigwams were yet standing in good order. At different times two bands afterward came into the settlement. The family had to depend mostly on game for provisions. Mr. Neal obtained twenty-five bushels of corn on ci-edit from George Ives, who lived on the Shawnee; the rest he worked for at the Hillsboro mill, a little corn-cracker where he conld occasionalh' work a day for a bushel of meal. The only feed he had for his cattle was browse; they wintered on this very well. Except the Hawk family, who came with him, Iris neighbors were Daviii Yeazel, who lived three miles north on Coal creek, and who siibseciuentlj- built a saw-mill ; and the same distance south, on the present location of Hillsboro, were Charles McLaughlin and Jesse Kester, owners of the little mill just mentioned. These were the only white settlers nearer than Chambersburg. He had erected his cabin in August, and on his arrival with his family he at once set about clearing his land, as well to have a patch ready for seeding in the spring as to provide browse for his stock. By the first of May he had six acres cleared out of the dense forest, fenced and ready for the husbandman's care. Exchanging the use of his oxen with Mr. McLaughlin for his horse, with a bar-plow he check-rowed his ground, and after it was planted, plowed out between the rows. At this point of progress he traded one of his two cows for a two-year-old colt. With this young animal he tended his crop. Mr. Keal says he never raised a better crop of corn in Indiana on the same amount of land. iSText fall he had a plenty of sound corn to sell at sixteen cents a bushel. He put the whole field into shock, wliich made a great quantity of fodder; this he divided with Henry Strader, a neighbor who had come into the settlement that fall, giving him what lie could use. The land which he had bought from Hawk not proving desirable, the latter took it back, paying Mr. Neal for his labor expended in its improveiftent, and in March, 1S29, he entered and occupied the land on which he has ever since lived. The first piece entered was the W. i S.E. I Sec. 26, T. 20, E. 7, and the patent was signed by Andi'ew Jackson April 3, 1829. His wife died in childbirth, with her twelfth child, September 22, probably in the year 1S12. Her children were the following: Polly (dead), Elizabeth, David (dead), Thomas (dead), Eliza (dead), three infants which died without names, Benjamin, John, and George. Tliomas was a soldier in the war with Mexico, and died in that far-ofi country. He married a second time, March 13, 1843, to Mary Ann, widow of Adam Shover. By this wife he had three children : Sally Ann, Nathan, and Kerziah. She died October 29, 1876, and he was married a third time, January 23, 1877, to Mary Ann, widow of "William Kiley. Mr. Neal and his wife are members of the New Light church. He has been in communion twenty-five years. Politically, he is an ardent supporter of the greenback doctrines. In the early years of his settlement here he got little, if ever any, rest; and what with hard work through the week, and at first hunting deer and wild turkeys and bee trees on Sundays, and a long period of well-directed activity and industry, and careful management, he has succeeded in gathering around him a handsome property. He owns 390 acres, 230 being in the home phice and 160 in auotlier body. Besides he holds evidences of credit amounting to more than 85,000. He is now in his eightieth year, enjoying robust health, and is remarkable for the soundness of his bodily powers, for his well-preserved firmness and agility, and his still clear and vigorous understanding. The writer acknowledges himself indebted to this octogenarian for a specimen of tlie genuine, old-fashioned hospitality.

Conrad Lighty, farmer and mechanic. Xcwtown, was born in Montgomery county, Ohio, December 12, 1S14. His father, Jacob, was bom in Pennsylvania, and his mother, Elizabeth (Hewitt), in North Carolina. He was the oldest son of these parents. In jS'ovember, IS'25, they arrived in liichland township, and opened a farm one mile south and two miles west of Xewtown. Mr. Liglity's father was a cooper by trade, and he worked at the same business until after he had become of age, when he engaged in carpentering, threshing, milling, and farming. The mills, which he ran aliout eight years after he was married, were situated on the east fork of Coal creek. He was married July 14, 1836, to Mary Kellogg, who bore him nine children, of whom we mention the following: Jacob, born October 2, 1837 (dead); John E., October 19, 1S39 ; Elizabeth, September, 1S41 ; Is"aney, August, ISM (died in infancy) ; Daniel, 1S46 (died in infancy). His wife died January 23, 1853. He married again, August 2, 1854, the widow of John Akin, formerly Mary xVnn Stephens. By her he had four children : Addie Jane, "born December 28, 1856, wife of Joseph Whole, of Vermilion county, Illinois ; James Carroll, Janujiry 19, ISGO ; Emma Laura, March lo, 1862, and Charles,. January 15, 1865, (died in infancy). His wife died of inflammatory rlieumatism August 12, 1876. His third marriage was with the widow of Columbus Chamberlain, her maiden name being Mary Jane Marlatt, February 20, 1877. Mr. Lii;htv has led an active and busy life. He was one of the first settlers, and being a great observer, and having a retentive memory, added to a lively relish for reminiscences of the olden time, makes him one of the most entertaining and enjoyable men that it has been our fortune to meet. At every old settlers' reunion he may be seen with his little wheel that once was so common for spinning tlax, illustrating to the young people its novel, amazing, and almost incredible use. In numerous ways besides does Conrad Lighty refresh the dimming recollections of the past among those of his own age, and interest and gratify the later generation. For thirty seasons, beginning with 1850, Mr. Lighty has followed threshing grain, and during the greater part of the same period has run a corn-sheller. For many yeai'S he was in the business of selling farm implements and machinery, and it was tliroiigli his exertions and example that grain-drills were introduced into the community. He is a member of the United Brethren church, and his wife of the Cihristian church. Tie has been a democrat ever since he was able to lisp the sliibboleth of that party. The office of township trustee was three times conferred upon him. His father served his country six months in the war of 1812. He was a lieutenant under Capt. Samuel Brier, and did duty on the frontier at forts Brier, Amanda, and Greenville, without falling into any actions. He hauled the lumber for the first buildings that were erected in Attica. He died December 5, 1839, and his widow drew a pension, and a landwarrant for 160 acres.

David Whitesel, farmer, Newtown, was born in Montgomery county, Ohio, December 19, 1819. His parents, George and Elizabeth, (Yazel) Whitesel emigrated in 1S23 to Vermilion county, Indiana. In 1825 they moved into Fountain county and settled a mile £onth of Mr. Whitesel's present residence. Four years afterward they went back to Ohio to live and remained there ten years; then they removed to Randolph county, Indiana. In 1842 Mr. "Whitesel left home, and coming to this county, finally settled in Richland township, where he has since resided. He was married March 19, 1844, to iSTancy Abolt, wdio was born December 23, 1820. She died April 14, 1847, and left two children : George, born May 15, 1845, and Mary, born October 30, 1846, who is the wife of Louis Aiken, of Warren county. On October 23, 1853, he was married to the v/idow of Alexander Furr, formerly Rebecca Boo, who was born Sei)tember 9, 1818. She has borne two children by her second husband : Jasper, August 13, 1854, and Martha, July 12, 1856. The former was married October 3, 1874, to Hattie Carlile, born April 11, 1855. Their children are Josie May, born February 22, 1875 ; George, born June 7, 1878. Martha was married to Charles S. Handy October 11, 1874. They have one child, Ulysses Carl, born May 26, 1877. Mr. and Mrs. Whitesel are members of the Christian church. Pie, in company with Conrad Lighty, attended the first Sabbath-school ever held in Fountain county ; this was where the Union church now stands, three and a half miles west of Newtown. Ele is a charter member of Richland Lodge, No. 205. A.F. and A.M. He owns 120 acres of land, and is a democrat. Mr. Whitesel once narrowly escaped death by accident while walling a well. Leonard Royal was working at the windlass and was violently precipitated with a halfbarrel of stone into the M-ell. Serious temporary injuries were sustained by both.-

James McClure, farmer. Newtown, was born in Butler county, (^ihio, March 3, 1S09. His parents were "William and Esther (Gregoi-y) McClure. In the spring of 1826 his father entered the land where he now lives, the N. 4- of Sec. 17, T. 20, E. 6. He had made a i selection of land on the Wea plains, and intended to establish himself '<i there, but finding some Presbytei'ian families on Coal creek who had i> removed from the same section of country in Ohio where he lived, he 2 was induced to reconsider what he had determined upon. When he it were roads they were muddy beyond description, and elsewhere the i surface was sodden with rains; the streams were high, wild and dani gerous, and could be crossed only by swimming his horse. He brought

John, Samuel, and Eleanor. James and John are the only ones surviving. The latter has resided in Mei'cer county, Blinois, since 1853. The parents went to their rest many years ago, the mother in 1854 and the father in 1860. The latter was one of the prominent organizers of the Presbyterian church on Coal creek in 1827, the first in the county, and was one of the original board of elders. Our subject united with the congregation in that year, and was about the second person taken in on examination. At the date of Mr. McClure's coming liere only two settlers had gone higher up the creek and located. A traveler going to Crawfordsville would go half the distance before he would see a house. It was all government land. Mr. McClure's house was built by his father in 1832. He has since put up an addition. Probably there is not another in the townsliip of as great age in so good preservation. Mr. McClui-e was married in 1835 to Pliebe Da^ ger, a pious and exemplary woniii church after the time of her man

The}' reared six daughters and two sons, all of whom are living : Mary E., wife of Benjamin RifHe ; Charles D. ; Esther J., married William Carruthers, who afterward became a veteran soldier in the late war ; he served one term of enlistment, and then reentered the army in the regular service as hospital steward ; and after his discharge, while returning liome, died at Fort Dodge; Sarah Jennetta. wife of Plamilton Cheney, of Eepublic county, Kansas; William A. ; Phebe H., -wife of Samuel Ogle; Emma R., and Eureka. Mr. McClure has raised four children besides his own. Charles was a soldier of three years' service. His biography will be found in this work. Our subject has always been a leading man in his community, and his influence has been steadily exerted in the interest of good order and a moral and advancing condition of society. In his church, in which he has been a consistent and influential member, he holds the offices of elder and trustee. He was an ardent supporter of the Union cause during the war, and is now a Ann advocate of republican principles as affording the only guaranty of the perpetuity of our institutions. In ISTi the republicans of Fountain county ran him as their candidate for the lower house of the legislature, but he was defeated.

David P. Parrett, farmer and stock dealer, ISTewtown, was the son of David and Nancy (Miller) Parrett. His father came from Dayton, Ohio, in 1S26, and bought eighty acres of land on Turkey Eun, in Shawnee township. Having raised a crop, in the following winter he went back and brought his family. ISTot liking his location, in the spring of 1828 he purchased the N. -J- X.W. :t Sec. 3, T. 20, E. 7, and moved to this new place. Some years after he acquired the other half of the same quarter. It was on this place that the subject of this notice was born Atigust 19, 1829. His father was a cooper, and from him he learned the same trade, working at this winters for several years when a young man, and in summer time tending the farm. His father was one of the founders of the Presbyterian church on Coal creek, the first in the county, and as long as he lived was a recognized pillar in that society. He was a strictly temperate man during his whole life, and strongly and effectively opposed to the use of intoxicating liquor as a beverage. He was one of the first to banish strong drink from the harvest field; he formed the determination to abolish it from his own premises, and put in force this noble resolution at the imminent risk of losing his crop. His neighbors, appreciating liis good purpose and respecting the firm stand he bad for taken principle, came forward to his assistance and iiis harvest was secured. It ought to be remarked here that another of the bold and upright spirits who set out earliest in this reform, was "William McClure. Mr. Parrctt died at Covington, and his wife at lier old liome, in ISiS. Our subject was married February 2, 1S53, to Marj E. Dagger, daughter of James Dagger, an early settler. Tliey have six living children : Clara E., born November 26, ISoi; James A., May 10, 1S5S; Franz S. December 20, 1S59 ; Edgar E., July 30, 1S63 ; Harry M., May 18, 1SG6 ; and Ira D., February 6, isTO. In the years 1S75 and 1S76 Mr. Parrett assessed Puchland township, receiving his appointment from the county commissioners, when the change was made from county assessor to township assessors. He belongs to the Presbyterian church, and is a republican. His homestead embraces 1S.5 acres, all but twenty acres of woodland being reduced to cultivation.

Leonard Pvoyal, farmer, iS'ewtown. son of James and Phebe (Graves) Royal, was born in Madison township, Butler county, Ohio, May 18, 1814. In 1827 the family moved with a four-ox team and settled in Richland township ; his father entered the W. i S.W. ^ Sec. 15, T. 20, R. 7; afterward he entered the E. i iS'.W. I Sec. 1.5, and Mr. Royal now owns this last piece and occupies it for his home. His mother died in 1853 ; two or three years after his father moved to Grundy county, Illinois, where he died about two years ago, of cancer. Mr. Royal followed coopering some forty years, but about twelve years since quit the business; meantime he did not neglect to do larming. He was married to Mary Jane Miller November 25, 1842. They had nine children : John and James, twins, which died next day after birth ; Isabel, born June 15, ISii, wife of Aaron Gardner ; Francis Marion, November 13, 1845; Harriet L.-, November 3, 1847, died in intancy ; Phebe E., October 9, 1849, married William H. Hyatt, and died October 15, 1876, leaving a son and a daughter; Catherine, May 27, 1852, wife of Logan Xell ; Clinton, August 31, 1854; Artemecia Penelope, April 9, 1857, married tir=t to Charles Pugh ; after his death she married John Hoots in Missouri. His wife died March 15, 1803, and on September 30 of the same year he married Priscilla S. Foo-o-, by whom he had five children : William L., June 17, 1864 : James Walton, December 4, 1865; George B., January 10, 1S6S, died October 20, 1870 ; Margaret, January 19, -1869, died June 28, 1869 ; Mary Etta, August 10, 1870, died December 28, 1873. His wife died on the same day the last child did. On March 11, 1875, he married

Mary Irvin, who died March 2i, ISSO. His fourth marriage was with Rebecca, relict of David Jones, and occurred June 12, ISSO. She was born in Adams conntj-, Oliio, July 2, 1S27. She married John Hyatt ia Kentucky. In 1S49 they moved to Iowa and settled in Davis county ; the next year her husband went overland to California, and in 1S53, when i-eturning home, died in San Francisco of inflammation of tlie brain, just after having recovered from the smallpox. Her marriage with David Jones took place September 13, 1S55. He died May 14, 1S7S. Mr. Royal belongs to the United Brethren church and has been a professing christian about twenty-three years ; he has held the offices of trustee and steward. His present wife has been a Methodist twenty-four years. His oldest son, Francis Marion, served six months at the end of the war, in Virginia. He was in Jacob Dice's company. Mr. Royal went from the whig party into the republican.

James Archer, farmer, Kewtown, was born where he lives, in Richland township, February 9, 1827, and was the youngest child and only son of his parents. These, Samuel and Jane (Elliott) Archer, were married December 16, 1821. His father was first married to Elizabeth Griffith, by whom he had three daughters. His mother's first husband was James Steele. In 1826 his parents left Dayton, Ohio, and, coming here, entered the land upon which Mr. Archer now resides. This comprised three tracts, aggregating 210 acres, described as follows: X.E. I Sec. IS and E. l S.W. ^ Sec. 19, T. 20, R. 6. The paternal head of the family did not long survive his settlement and brief period of usefulness, for in August, ISoO, he was stricken by disease and died. He was a man whom the community could ill afford to lose in its early infancy. He surveyed nearly all this region of country. He was the second justice of the peace in Richland township, and county commissioner at his death. Mr. Archer's mother died in 1867. He has always lived on his native homestead. He was first married to Ann Rivers, September 19, 1850. She had two infants, which lived but a little time, and she herself departed this life September 21, 1853. On May 25, 1854, he was again married, this time to Miss Harriet Ray. The fruit of this union is one child, Charles, born December 13, 1857. They have raised "William A. Lawson, son of other parents, since he was fifteen months old. He was born November 27, 1854. Mr. and Mrs. Archer are member's of the New Light church of ten years' standing. He owns 181 acres, about half being plow-land and the rest woodland and pasture, worth §7,000. He is a republican.

John Leatherinan, farmer, Newtown, was born in Montgomery county, Ohio, March 5, 1811. His mother, Rachel (Sprague), died when he was eleven years old. In 1828 he removed with his father,