Scott Township (part 1 of 2)

Scott Township

School-House. - Population. - Agricultural Statistics. - Property and Taxation. - Politics. - Vote for President since 1850. - Yote in 1884. - Lists of Township Officials. - Biographical.

Scott Township was a part of York until March, 1849. For a few years after 1838 a strip two miles wide off the west side was attached to Pleasant Township; and in 1850 one mile from the east side was attached to York. The township as now constituted includes nearly thirty sections, or between 18,000 and 19,000 acres. It is bounded on the north by Fremont, on the east by York, on the south by Otsego, and on the west by Pleasant. Pio-eon Creek flows from north to south midway through the township. The only lakes are Pigeon and Little, on section 29. Section 2 is crossed by the railroad diagonally from southwest to northeast. Owing to the very heavy growth of timber which originally covered the township, it was not as rapidly settled as some others, the pioneers preferring land which could with less difficulty be made ready for civilization. In time, however, the township became settled with an industrious, prosperous community.

The first entry of land within the present limits of Scott was tnade April 27, 1836, on sections 3, 4, 9 and 10, by John Yan Horn. The second entry was made on the 17th of May, in the same year, by David Phenicie, it being the southwest fractional quarter of section 18.

The first settlers in the township were Elder Silas Headley and Daniel Hill, who came in 1836, the last named building the first house in Scott Township. Soon after came John Wheland, Nathan Beckwith, L. Warden, Peter Wolf, Daniel Headley, Peter Magers,

The first marriage was Roswell Sutton to Nancy McMinn, about 1842. A son of Silas Headley was the first white child born in the township. For many years this township owned the distinction of having the oldest person in the county, and one of the oldest in the State. Willard Dewitt lived to be nearly 105 years old, and died in January, 1881.

The first and only mill built in the township was the one erected on Pigeon Creek. It was used until about 1870, when it was closed; and since that time it has been idle. The first teacher was Mrs. Mahala Lobdell, who kept a school in her own house. The first school-house was built in 1844, in what is known as District No. 4, in which Mrs. Loranie Pierce taught the first school. Wellington Cook built the first frame house, in 1850. Peter Wolf was the first blacksmith.

Michael Cline, deceased, was born in Crawford County, Ohio, March 1, 1829. He removed to Richland County in 1838, was married in August, 1850, and removed to Steuben County, this State, in November, 1853, settling upon a farm four and a half miles northeast of Angola, where he resided in the pursuit of agriculture until the last four years of his life, when he made his home at Angola. He was the eldest son of eleven children, nine sons and two daughters. He was for six years a County Commissioner, and held the oftice of Township Trustee at the time of his death, Feb. 28, 1878. He united with the Christian church when a young man, and was for the last few years of his life an elder in the church at Angola. He was the father of nine children - three sons and six daughters, eight of whom, with the bereaved wife, survived hira.

Ziba Jones, deceased, was an early settler of Scott Township, and well-known to nearly all who have ever lived in this vicinity. He was born in New Hampshire in 1793, and was one of the first settlers in Licking County, Ohio. He settled in this county in 1848. He died at his residence in Scott Township, Nov. 13, 1880, aged eighty-seven. He was the father of J. W. Jones, Mrs. A. McClue, Mrs. Nelson Hutchins, Mrs. Matilda Jeggers and Mrs. Adam Metzger. Years ago Mr. Jones was the proprietor of a nursery, and many of the orchards of Steuben County are the products of the Jones nursery. He was a member of the Methodist

The population of the township in 1870 was 1,024; and in 1880, 1,154; an increase of 130. This is a density of thirty-nine to the square mile.

The following leading crop statistics are for the last census year, 1880 : Acres of wheat sown, 2,580 ; average yield per acre, 18 bushels; total crop, 48,440 bushels; acres of corn, 1,897; average yield per acre, 30 ; total crop, 66,910 bushels; acres of oats, 626 ; average yield per acre, 28 bushels; total crop, 17,528 bushels; acres of meadow, 749; average yield per acre, 2 tons; total crop of hay, 1,498 tons; acres of potatoes, 106; average yield, 12 bushels per acre ; total crop, 1,272 bushels.

In 1884 the number of acres assessed was 18,419.49; value of same, $225,640; valueof improvements, $48,960 ; value of personal property, $39,980; total valuation, $314,580; numberof polls, 186; number of dogs, 100 ; total taxes levied, $7,102.06. As property is assessed on a basis of one-third, the total wealth of the township may be estimated at $943,740.

In political complexion Scott has given a never failing Republican majority, and before 1856 it was Whig. Following is the vote at each presidential election :

The largest plurality ever given in the township was in 1872, 157 for Grant. The smallest was in 1852, nine for Scott. For the last ten years the National, or Greenback, party has had a very numerous following in this township. The detailed vote in 1884 was as follows:

Following are the names of those who have been elected to serve the township in official capacities since 1850, together with the years in which they were elected:

Justices of the Peace. - 1853, John N. Hardy and Philip B. Lobdell; 1855, Cornelius Jenkins; 1857, John N. Hardy and Roland Goddard; 1859, A. W. Woodworth; 1861, John K Hardy and William H. Jagger; 1863, Nathan H. Tuttle; 1865, Nelson Hutchins and S. E. Woodworth; 1866, Alexander Moore; 1869, Nelson Hutchins and Nathan H. Tuttle ; 1870, Nathan H. Tuttle; 1872, Nelson Hutchins and Gera Goodale; 1874, James A. Segur; 1876, Nelson Hutchins, Harvey Harmon and William S. Covell; 1878, Harlow B. Holdridge; 1880, Lyman G. Covell and Nelson Hutchins; 1884, Levi D. Harmon and Nelson Hutchins.

Constables. - 1859, John Hanselman, John McMillen and Henry Lamoreux; 1860, John McMillen and A. W. Russell; 1861, D. B. Allen and A. W. Russell; 1862, George A. Klock, J. W. Jones and A. W. Russell; 1863, John McMillen, George A. Klock and J. W.Jones; 1864, Harvey Wheaton, Daniel Hutchins and John McMillen; 1865, Daniel Hutchins, George A. Klock and John McMillen; 1866, Stephen Weiss, Richard Goodin and John Hutchins; 1868, John C. Badger; 1869, John McMillen; 1870, George Smiley ; 1872, same ; 1874, Theodore L. Woodworth and William Goodale; 1878, John Kissinger, Cyrenus Sutton and

Biographical

Robert Brown was born in Oswego County, N. Y., Nov. 25, 1826. His parents, Jeremiah and Olive Brown, were early settlers of Ballville Township, Sandusky Co., Ohio, locating there in 1833, and there the family lived until .1851, then became identified with Steuben County. Here his father died Sept. 3, 1859, aged sixty-three years. His widow survived until February, 1878, aged seventy-five years. The subject of this sketch, Robert Brown, and Eliza Ann Redmond were united in marriage Feb. 17, 1852, at Hillsdale, Mich. She was born in Catskill County, N. Y., June 3, 1832. Her parents afterward settled in Seneca County, Ohio, remaining there till their death. After his marriage Mr. Brown settled on section 4 and bought eighty acres of forest, which is now a well-cultivated farm. He also owns in Fremont Township an improved tract of fifty-six and a half acres. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have had born to them nine children, of whom six are living - Mrs. Joanna McClellan, of Tifiin, Ohio; Horace, Jeanette, Clara, Orzella, Elroy, residing at home. Those deceased are - John F. died aged ten years; Norton L. died aged ten years; Michael J. died aged seventeen years. In politics Mr. Brown has been a Republican from the organization of that party, and before that a

TJrial Carpenter was born in Portage County, Ohio, March 16, 1831, af son of Samuel and Roxana Carpenter, natives of New York and Massachusetts, respectively. In 1842 his parents came to Steuben County and settled on section 13, Scott Township. His father died inj December, 1861, aged sixty-two years, and his mother in [May, 1877, aged seventy-seven years. Seven children accompanied their parents to Steuben County - Orson died in Jackson ^Township; James N., of Angola; Mrs. Harriet Coe; Urial; Mrs. Sarah Tyler, of Angola. Mrs. Eliza Tyler and Alexander are deceased. Urial Carpenter was reared to the life of a farmer, remaining with his parents till twenty-five years of age. He has always followed agricultural pursuits, and now owns 230 acres of land on section 13, where he has lived since 1867. The greater part of his land is improved, and his residence and farm buildings are large and commodious and in good repair. He is one of the substantial men of the township, a practical, energetic farmer, and a successful business man. His farm shows the care of a thrifty and enterprising owner. He was married March 7, 1853, to Christeann Sowle, a native of Montgomery County, N. Y., born Jan. 17, ] 833, daughter of .Durfee and Margaret Sowle, who settled in Scott Township in 1854, where they both died. They have three children - Elroy N., Wilber J., and Lora M. In politics Mr. Carpenter is a Democrat.

Lyman G. Covell was born in Vienna, Oneida Co., N. Y.,Aug. 25, 1810. His father, William Covell, was born in Danbury, Conn., June 13, 1768, and was married June 3, 1791, to Jerusha Hollis, who was born June 1, 1775, in Lainsboro, Mass. In 1806 they settled in Oneida County, N. Y., where the mother died Aug. 19, 1834. The father died in Macon, Lenawee Co., Mich., while there on a visit to his children, July 15, 1850. But two of the family of ten children are living - Lyman G., and Mrs. Sarah Tuttle, of Macon, Lenawee Co., Mich. After the death of his mother* our subject lived in the family of Dr. Chatfield three years, and then went to Albany, N. Y., and was employed in a mercantile establishment four years. May 13, 1840, he was married in Huron County, Ohio, to Maria Hollis, who was born in Charlotte, Chittenden Co., Yt., Sept. 24, 1815, daughter of Lyman and Betsey (Palmer) Hollis, who moved to Huron County in 1835, and lived there until their death. Oct. 10, 1840, Mr. Covell came to Steuben County, Ind., and located on section 1, Pleasant Township, where he made a farm and|lived over eighteen years, and in February, 1859, moved to Scott Township and settled where he now lives on section 15, where he owns eighty acres of choice land. To Mr. and Mrs. Covell have been born six children, three of whom are living - Mrs. Elizabeth^Otis, of Butler, DeKalb County; Jerusha E., widow of Charles Clark, also of Butler; and William S., on the old homestead. Jannette born May 19, 1841, died July 16, 1845; Abyramdiedin Angola Aug. 6, 1846, aged three years; and James L., Nov. 6, 1860, aged sixteen months. Mr. and Mrs. Covell are members of the Disciples church. They are kind and charitable to the needy and distressed and are always ready with both time and money to assist anyjwho need their aid. Mr. Covell has until the past fourteen years led an active life. In the early years of the township he was a school-teacher and also worked at the carpenter's trade. He served as Trustee of Pleasant Township, and since coming to this township has been Justice of the Peace seventeen years.

Albert H. Eioing, son of Francis H. and Frances Ewing, was born in Niagara County, N. Y., Feb. 5, 1837, and was eighteen months old when his parents settled in Steuben County. He was reared and educated in this county, remaining at home till after the breaking out of the Rebellion. August. 1861, he enlisted in Company A, Forty-fourth Indiana Infantry. He participated in the battles of Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth. He was discharged at Battle Creek with a Second Lieutenant's commission in the new - regiment, but never joined the new organization. He was married Nov. 26, 1865, to Mary Showalter, a native of Wayne County, Ohio, born April 20, 1845, daughter of Michael and Mary Showalter. They have had seven children - James, Alice, Clara (deceased), Frank, Charles, Mary and Albert. Mr. Ewing owns and occupies the old homestead of his father, and to the original 160 acres has added forty-six, having now a fine farm of 206 acres. Politically Mr. Ew^ingis a Republican. He and his wife are members of the Evangelical church.

Francis H. Ewing, deceased, was one of the pioneers of Steuben County, coming in June, 1838, and settling on section 7, Scott Township, the following November. He was born in Maryland, Dec. 16, 1805. When he was sixteen years of age his parents moved to Ontario County, N. Y., and later to Niagara County where they died. Mr. Ewing was married in Niagara County in 1835 to Mrs. Frances Hastings, a widow with one child - Sophia, now the widow of Robert L. Douglass, of Cleveland, Ohio. Mrs. Ewing was born in Ireland, Aug. 1, 1810. Four sons were born to Mr. and Mrs. Ewing, one in New York and three in Steuben County; the eldest, Albert H,, is the only one living. He now owns and occupies the homestead. Thomas died at the age of five years. James enlisted in the Forty-fourth Indiana Infantry, Company A, and died, from the eff'ects of disease contracted in the army, at the ageof twenty years. Edward A. died aged seventeen years. Mr- Ewing came to Steuben County a poor man but by industry and frugality he accumulated a comfortable property. His first house, a rude log cabin, was for many years one of the old landmarks of the pioneer days, but in 18Y5 he built one of the finest residences in the township which is now the home of his son Albert. May 8, 1879, he was stricken, when apparently in good health, with paralysis and died instantly. His widow survived till Aug. 23, 1884, spending her last days with her daughter in Cleveland, Ohio. Joh?i K. Folch is a native of Pennsylvania, born April 30, 1823. When he was four years of age his parents, Abram and Hannah Folck, moved to Knox County, Ohio, and thence to Morrow County, where he was reared. In 1841 he came to Steuben County, with a view of making it his place of residence. He made the iourney alone and on foot, but returned to Ohio and in 1845 came again to the county and selected a tract of land and girdled the trees for future clearing. In 1847 he moved to the county and settled on the land where he now lives on section XI, Scott Township. His farm contains 160 acres of valuable land. Tlie brick schoolhouse of District No. 1 is located on the southwest corner of his land. Mr. Folck was married in 1843 in Morrow County, Ohio, to Margaret Yalentine, who was born in Seneca County, Ohio. She died in 1859, aged thirty-six years, leaving five daughters, all now married - Mrs. Sarah L. Weiss, Mrs. Hattie E. Myers, Mrs. Ann E. Dygert, Mrs. Mary A. Henny, Mrs. Rosa T. Fulmer. In 1860 Mr. Folck married Mrs. Martha Rathbun, daughter of Samuel Nichols. One son was born to them - Fremont. Mrs. Folck died in 1863, ao-ed thirty-five years. In 1870 he was married to Mrs Louisa Headley, widow of Daniel Headley, an early settler of Steuben County. Mr. Folck has always been a prominent citizen of Scott Township, active in promoting its material interests. He has served as Assessor twice and once as Appraiser under the old system. He cleared the farm with his own hands, and has made it one of the best farms in Scott Township. In politics he was an old Abolitionist and now is a Republican. In religion he is liberal, believing in all good work, and has never used either whisky or

Benedict Oasser was born in Canton Berne, Switzerland, Aug. 9, 1817. In 1833 his parents, John and Anna Gasser, with their family of nine children came to the United States and settled in Sandusky County, Ohio, where the mother died the same year and the father the following year. The children were then scattered and were cared for by different parties. Of the five now living, Anna is the wife of Jacob Vanetten, of Sandusky County; Benedict, is our subject; Christian, of Jamestown, this county; Joseph, of To- ledo, Ohio; and Mrs. Martha Stephens, of Wisconsin. Mr. Gasser was married in Sandusky County, in 1840, to Caroline Albert, a native of Hesse, Germany, born Nov. 18, 1819. Two years after his marriage he came to Steuben County and settled on section 20, Scott Township, on the farm he now owns and occupies. His first purchase was forty acres of wild land. This he has cleared and improved and has added to it eighty acres, having one of the finest farms in the township. Mr. and Mrs. Gasser have a family of nine children - Sanford, of Michigan; Mrs. Margaret Wise, of this township; John, at home; Mrs. Mary Vinecore, of Nebraska; Frederick, of this township; Josephine, of Nebraska; Mrs. Addie Crone, of \ ork Township; Eva and Ida at home. In politics Mr. Gasser is a Democrat.

Ananiah Oifford was born in Tompkins County, N. Y., Jan. 20, 1810. When he was seventeen years of age his parents, Joshua and Mercy Gifibrd, moved to Niagara County, N. Y., and in 1834 to Huron County, Ohio. He lived in Huron County till 1848 when he came to Steuben County and located on section 35, Scott Township, where he now lives. His parents accompanied him to this township and died at his house, his mother Jan. 11, 1864, in the eighty-third year of her age, and his father Feb. 22, 1869, in his ninety-first year. He was an only son and it was to him that the duty and pleasure of caring for his parents in their old age fell and most faithfully and lovingly did he fulfill the trust. When Mr. Gifford came to Steuben County he bought 200 acres of land which he cleared and improved. He has given forty acres to each of his sons, has sold forty acres, and retains eighty acres where he resides. He was married in Huron County, Ohio, June 18, 1843, to Jane Beard. To them have been born five children, four of whom are living - Mrs. Henrietta Cole, of Angola; Joshua, Lewis Charles and Ella May at home. Their fourth child, Margaret, died at the age of five years. In his early life Mr. Gifford was a Whig, but since its organization has affiliated with the Republican party.

Rollin H. Goddard was born in Portage County, Ohio, Jan. 20, 1826. His parents, Joab and Martha Goddard, were natives of Connecticut, and moved to Portage County in 1824, where his father died in 1855 and his mother in 1861. He was reared and educated in his native county and in 1855 went to Allegan County, Mich., and in 1856 came to Steuben County, locating in the fall of the same year on the farm where he now lives, on section 8, Scott Township. His farm contains 225 acres of choice land, the greater part under cultivation . He is one of the substantial farmers of the township and is prominently identified with all its interests. He has served two terms as Trustee and one term as Justice of the Peace, performing all his duties in an efficient and painstaking manner. He was married Aug. 11, 1851, to Aramantha A. Merry, who was born March 24, 1831. They have two sons - "Warren C. lives on and cultivates a part of his father's farm, and Arthur H. is a farmer of Adams County, Neb. In politics Mr. Goddard is a Republican.

Jesse Greenamyer was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, March 8, 1818. In 1826 his parents, Daniel and Betsey E. Greenamyer, moved to Trumbull County, and here a year later his father was accidentally killed at the raising of a log house. His mother, with the family, returned to Columbiana County, and there Jesse Greenamyer lived till he was fifteen years of age, when he started in life for himself. His mother died in that county. Mr. Greenamyer was married in Portage County, Ohio, March 1, 1840, to Mary Paul, who was born in Pennsylvania, Nov. 25, 1818. They have six children - Mrs. Sarah Beckwith, residing in California; Mrs. Mary E. Bunker, living in Fremont; Mrs. Eliza G. Reppert, of Branch County, Mich.; Mrs. Harriet M. Green, of Kansas; George W. and Solomon L., of Steuben County. October, 1854, our subject came to this county and located on the farm he now owns and occupies in section 6, this township. This farm contains 115 acres. Both Mr. and Mrs. Greenamyer are consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal church of forty-four years standing. Solomon is a member of the Evangelical church. Mr. Greenamyer has been a Republican ever since the organization ot the party and before that a Whig. He is industrious and frugal, honest and upright in all his intercourse with others, a good citizen and loyal to all good work.

Levi D. Harmon^ son of Samuel and Elizabeth Harmon, was born in Putnam County, Ohio, July 12, 1840. His father died in that county in 1862, aged fifty-seven years, and his mother, with two sons and a daughter, John, Levi D., our subject, and Sarepta, now wife of William Tingler, came to this county in 1865. They located in Otsego Township where his mother bought a farm which she yet owns and occupies. Her children are all living at present in this county. Besides those before mentioned there are William; Chloe, wife of William Timbers, and Emeline, wife of Josiah Teegarden. Levi D. Harmon enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, Aug. 9, 1862. He was in the Atlanta campaign and participated in all the engagements of the regiment, including the battles of Resaca, Dallas, Lost Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain and the battle near Atlanta. He afterward served under General Thomas in the battles of Franklin and Nashville, and was honorably discharged at Salisbury, N. C, after which he returned home, and was married in December, 1864, to Esther Ann Hayden, by whom he had one child who died in infancy. She died about fourteen months after her marriage, and Aug. 8, 1869, Mr. Harmon married for his second wife Amanda Zabst, born in Crawford County, Ohio, April 3, 1846, a daughter of John and Catharine Zabst, of Pleasant Township. They have three children - Edith Z., Catharine H. and Franklin F. Their home is on section 28, where Mr. Harmon owns eighty acres of land. He also owns twenty acres in another part of the county. In politics he is a Republican. He is a member of Cross Waite Post, No. 150, G. A. R.,and he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church.

I^elson Hutchins was born in Oswego County, N. Y., April 16, 1818. In 1834 his parents, Ezra and Mahala Hutchins, moved to Sandusky County, Ohio, and about eight years later, in 1842, came to Scott Township and lived with their son a short time; then went to housekeeping; but after the death of the mother the father returned to his son's house and made it his home till his death. Nelson Hutchins came to Steuben County, Ind.,inl841 and settled on section 5, Scott Township, buying forty acres of heavily timbered land. He has cleared and improved his land and now has one of the pleasantest homes in the township. He has taken an interest in all public affairs and has made many friends. For twenty years he has served as Justice of the Peace, and is in every sense of the word a peacemaker, influencing parties to settle without litigation when possible. He has also served as Treasurer of his township. In politics he is a Republican, but in politics, as in religion, he is liberal. He is a member of no church, but recognizes the good in all and, as far as his means will allow, is liberal to all. He was married in August, 1839, to Maria Adams, who died in 1844, leaving three children - Mrs. Francis Richardson, Emily (died aged four years), and Admid N. Dee. 1, 1851, he married Phoebe Jones, who was born in Licking County, Ohio, Feb. 2, 1827. They have four children - Mrs. Alice Gridley, Ella, William H. and Carrie.

John Wesley Jo?ies, son of Ziba and Flora A. (Everetfi Jones, was born in Licking Countv, Ohio, Jan. 21, 1840, and was in the ninth year of his age when his parents moved to Scott Township. He remained with his parents till his marriage, March 9, 1862, to Mary J. Lamoreux. She was born in Yates County, JS". Y., Aug. 20, 1839, a daughter of Kobert and Elizabeth Lamoreux. In 1844 her parents settled on section 9, Scott Township, where her father died Dec. 25, 1855, aged forty-six years. He left a family of seven children - Henry, now of Battle Creek, Mich. ; Mrs. Hannah Ehodes died in 1865, aged twenty-eight years; Mrs. Eliza Metzger died in 1878, aged thirty-four years; Isaac, of Allegan County, Mich.; Mrs. Frances Zabst, of Pleasant Township, and Mrs. Elva Bodley, of Angola. The mother is living with her youngest daughter, Mrs. Bodley. Mr. and Mrs. Jones have had three children - Harvey, Lillie (died in 1873, aged two years), and Flora L. Their home on section 9 contains ninety acres of valuable land all well cultivated. They have been members of the Methodist Episcopal church twenty-three years..

Ziha Jones was born in the State of New Hampshire in 1793. When a young man he left his native State and became one of the first settlers of Licking County, Ohio, and was there married to Flora A. Everett, a native of Connecticut, born May 9, 1796, and in 1808 moved with her parents to Licking County, In 1848 they moved to Steuben County, Ind., and settled on sections, Scott Township. He had lost considerable money in Ohio, in the culture of silk-worms, and was in limited circumstances when he came to Steuben County. He bought seventy acres of land, which he cleared of the timber and made a comfortable home, which he lived to enjoy. His children all settled near him and his last days were his best days. He died Nov. 13, 1880. He was for over seventy years a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and lived a life filled with usefulness and charitable deeds. His wife preceded him to the better life, her death occurring March 15, 1872. She had been a member of the Methodist church from her childhood. Their family of eight children were all born in Licking County - Mrs. Sarah Metzger, of Angola; Samuel E. died Feb. 11, 1871, aged forty-seven years; Mrs. Phoebe Hutchins; Mrs. Matilda Jeggers; Mrs. Selma McClue; Mrs. Flora Green, all of Steuben County; Mrs. Martha Lamoreux, of Battle Creek Mich.; John Wesley, of this township, and Antha, died in infancy.

John Sharitt, son of Joseph L. and Rebecca Sharitt, was born Sept. 21, 1833, in Coshocton County, Ohio. In 1838 his parents separated, his father going to Louisiana where he became a planter and slave-holder. He died in that State in 1869. In 1844 the mother and her five children moved to Richland County, Ohio. There her children grew to manhood, but three subsequently met with accidental deaths, viz. . William was killed on the railroad at Mt. Vernon, Ohio, in 1851; James A. was drowned in the Coshocton River in 1858; and Joseph L. was killed in Louisiana in 1869, while building a house. Those living are our subject, and George D., now in San Francisco, Cal. In 1858 the mother accompanied her son John to Steuben County and died at his house in Scott Township, Jan. 19, 1 873, aged seventy-two years. John Sharitt lived in Richland County, Ohio, from 1844 till 1858 and then came to this township and located on the land which is now his fine farm of 160 acres, on section 21. At that time it was covered with a dense forest and it took many years of toil and hardship to bring it to its present state of cultivation. In addition to this farm Mr. Sharritt owns acres of land a short distance from his home. He was married Aug. 2, 1853, to Margaret Kline, who was born in Crawford County, Ohio, April 15, 1833. To them have been born ten children, eight of whom are living - Mrs. Delilah Mann, of Richland County, Ohio; John C. and Joseph L. of Jefferson County, Neb.; Charles O. was killed on the railroad in September, 1883 ; Libbie died June, 1875, in the fourteenth year of her age; U. S. Grant is at home; Mrs. Calista Ridnour, of Wyandot County, Ohio; Frank O., Armintha and Jay A., are at home. Mr. and Mrs. Sharitt and all save one of their children are members of the Disciple's church. In politics he is a Republican.

Charles A. tSegur was born in Scott Township, this county, Jan. 13, 1850, a son of James and (Jlara (Hill) Segur. He was reared to a farmer's life, and his education was received in the districts of Scott and Otsego townships - up to the age of seventeen years. He then attended the High School at Angola five terms. At the age of eighteen years he taught one term in District 2, Otsego Township, and several terms following in this and York townships, attending in the meantime, the spring and fall terms of 1870-'71 and ^72; Hillsdale College, the winters of '72- '3; and '73-'74 he taught in Vermillion County, 111. He was employed the eight years following in the saw-mill and handle factory, at

Scott Center, and in Decatur, Adams County, this State. In the fall of 1882 he was emploved at Pleasant railroad station as agent and operator. In the fall of 1883 he was employed at Pleasant Lake as teacher and Assistant Superintendent, and in the spring of 1884 had charge of the Fremont schools, and later was at Hudson three months. In the fall of 1884 he took charge of the Hamilton schools, which position he now holds. He was married April 23, 1877, to Stella Rummel, a daughter of George and Cynthia Rum-, mel, of this township. She was born April 30, 1857. Mr. Segur, when a lad of ten years, met with an accident, a cut on his right knee, which has practically exempted him from hard manual labor. This changed naturally his life, causing him to become a student, and fit himself for a professional life. He is a Republican and member of the Christian church as is also his wife. Mr. Segur is a gentleman of culture, and well qualified for the responsible position he holds; is as a citizen much respected by all.

Thomas Tasker was born in Liverpool, England, in 1814, a son of John and Elizabeth Tasker. He was married Aug. 8, 1836, to Elizabeth Vose, also a native of England. Mr. Tasker became early in life much interested in the United States, Being a great reader every source of information obtainable was studied, and in 1850 he left his family in their native country and, accompanied by his brother William, came to this country. They came as far west as Angola when they were obliged to stop on account of scarcity of money, having but 50 cents left. Mr. Tasker found employment and went to work and at the end of two years he had enouoh to pay for thirty acres of land and send for his iamily, who joined him in his new home that year. Mr. Tasker resides on section 8, Scott Township. His finely improved farm contains eighty-three acres and his residence is commodious and comfortable. He is now in the enjoyment of well earned prosperity. While he has a love for his native land he thinks that no other country affords the same opportunities as America for a poor man to gain a home and affluence. He is one of the best informed men in the county on statistical history, not only of this country but of the civilized world, being a great reader of works (;t a standard character. His wife and helpmeet died March 6, 1875; his brother William died in this township, March 18, 1876. Their children were - Mary Ann, died Oct. 12, 1847; Richard, who was killed in Virginia while a soldier in the war for the Union; William, of this township, also a soldier in the civil war; Elizabeth, widow of James Pew;

Sarah, Thomas, Rosetta and Charley, in this township; James died at the age of eighteen months, soon after the family came to this country. Mr. Tasker has great respect for honesty and morality, but none for creeds and dogmas. He hates the very sight of a scoundrel, especially one that is always prating about another world. He thinks that if the churches were made into school-houses and the preachers into teachers, with one-half the expenses that it takes to run the churches we could have a paradise in this world that was never dreamed of in another. He thinks we neglect this world for the sake of another, and that other a very doubtful one; or, in other words, he believes one world at a time is all we can attend to.

Chaptek Xyiii

Geography. - Description. - First Land Entries and First Settlers. - Cutting a Koad to Fremont. - Other Early Settlers. - First Religious Services and Schools. - First Marriage and Birth. - List of Living Pioneers. - Population. - Property AND Valuation. - Agricultural Statistics. - Politics. - Presidential Vote since 1840. - Detailed Yote in 1884. - List of Township Officals since 1850. - Angola. - Survey. - Becomes THE County Seat. - First Houses. - Postoffice. - First Lawyers AND Physicians. - Banks. - Angola Incorporated. - Additions to Town Plat. - Business Revival of 1870. - Present Business Directory. - Banks. - Town Officials. - Professional Men. - Churches . - Societies. - Biographical.

The township of Pleasant, most appropriately named, is the central one of the county, and is bounded as follows: On the north by Jamestown, on the east by Scott, on the south by Steuben, and on the west by Jackson. It is numbered congressional township 37 north, range 13 east. It is six miles north and south bv nearly that distance east and west. It contains therefore thirty-five square miles, or 22,000 acres, of which 3,000 are covered by water. In the northern part, covering parts of sections 4 and 10, and most of section 3, lies a portion of Lake James, the largest body of water in the county. Crooked Lake, another large one, lies on sections 9, 17, 8, 16, 7 and 6. Silver Lake lies on parts of sections 29, 30, 31 and 32. Fox Lake, near Angola, is on 27, 33 and 34; Cheeseboro Lake is on 19, on the township line; Loon Lake is on 20 touching 21; Center Lake on 22; and there are several other small lakes. The township is crossed in the eastern part by the Fort Wayne & Jackson branch of the Lake Shore & Michigan Railroad, having but one station within the township - Angola.

John Stealy, a Free-Will Baptist minister, made the first entry of land in the township in August, 1835, it being the southwest quarter of section 34, township 37, range 18- On the 17th of Feb- -^^.^ (MI) , I lo ruarv, 1836, himself and family arrived in the township, having come from Marion County, Ohio. Samuel Pierson and family were the next settlers, they coming in May of the same year, from Ypfeilanti, Mich. In April, 1836, Thomas Gale and Cornelius Gilmore came and entered the land upon which Angola is now

, built. In August, 1836, Daniel and David Phenicie arrived, and settled about three miles northeast of Angola. They opened the road from a point about one mile south of Fremont to section 12 of this township. There, by a previous arrangement, they were met bv Cornelius Gilmore and John Whelan, who had cut the road to that point. On the following day Daniel Phenicie drove the first team into Angola from the direction of what was then Brock ville, now Fremont.

Previous to 1840 the following named persons entered land and settled in the township, in addition to those already mentioned : Reuben B. Phelps, Fremont Case, Francis Sowle, Abel Sowle, Andrew Torkey, Joseph Sowle, Amos Carpenter, Alexander Ward, Thomas Mugg, J. Pierce, James Smith, Stephen Cary, William M. Cary, Michael Alcott, Daniel Higbee, Isaac Miller, Alonzo Strong, Daniel Gale, James H. Johnson, William B. Sherwood, A. S. Sherwood, Mr. Yanwormer, King Ireland, Peter Bowman, Robert L. Douglass, Dr. M. F. Morse, Joel Weber, William Chayter, Julius Spencer, Jesse M. Gale, Adolphus Gale, Lyman G. Coveli, Dr. James McConnell, George W. McConnell, John Gale, William McConnell, George W. Balding, G. Mugg, George C. Latson, Mr. Howell, E. Sleer, D. E. Palmer, E. Grain and James Lock wood.

The first religious meeting held in the township was at the residence of Elder Stealy, in 1837. The first school was kept in one ot the rooms of Mr. Stealy's house in 1838, Hortense Miner being the teacher. A select school was taught at Angola in 1839, in the hotel erected by Darius Orton, and another schojl was taught further west, on Maumee street. Tiie first school-house was erected in 184:0, near where the Methodist church now is.

Elder Stealy performed the first marriage ceremony in the township, William Cummings and Elmira Clark being the parties united. The first white child born in the township was Lydia Stealy, afterward the wife of Chester Adams. Her birth occurred on the 6th of April, 1836.

Hendrj and wife, Francis Sowle, L. G. Covell, Daniel Gale, Dr. M. F. Morse, Jesse M. Gale, George W. McConnell, George W. Balding, Gilbert Mngg, D. E. Palmer, Lewis and Jacob Stealy (sons of John Stealy).

James Barr (deceased) was born near Bellefonte, Center Co., Pa., Nov. 1, 1793. A few years later his parents moved to Fairfield County, Ohio, where in 1824 he married Miss Elizabeth Thompson. In 1830 they removed to Richland County, Ohio, whither his pareuts and brother had preceded him some twelve years, settling in Troy Township, about nine miles southwest of Mansfield. Having concluded to move farther west he pulled up stakes in the Buckeye State in 1846, and on the 14th day of October arrived in Angola, putting up for a short time with the family of George W. Balding, near the village, until the log school-house in that vicinity could be finished. This school-house they occupied until they could build for themselves a log-cabin and finish it off. George W. Poland, who subsequently married Mr. Barr's eldest daughter, came here with them from Ohio, and cut and hewed the logs for their first house. He also got out the flooring with his broad-ax. Puncheon floors were not unusual in those days in this new country. The house was built on the farm where Urial Carpenter now lives. In 1865, having sold his farm, Mr. Barr removed to Angola, near the grist-mill. Here his wife died May 9, 1866, aged sixty-nine years seven months and twenty-seven days. Oct. 20, 1869, he was married again, to Mrs. Frederica Freygang, widow ot C. J. Freygang. This wife survived his death. Mr. Barr had two brothers and two sisters, all uf whom preceded him across the dark river, the last one having died about 1868. He was the father of eight children - five sons and three daughters. Five of the eight, all that were living, were present at his funeral. His death occurred at Angola, April 16, 1881, at the age of eighty-seven years five months and fifteen days. He had been a member of the Associated Reformed church from early in life until his removal to this county, in 1846, after which time he remained disconnected with any church.

Emanuel Bigler (deceased) was born at Harrisburg, Pa., Oct. 7, 1805, at which place he lived until he reached the age of fourteen, when he emigrated to Wayne County, Ohio, with his uncle, Richard Murray. In the year 1828 he was married to Anna Ewing, of Wayne County, Ohio, who died in February, 1882. In September, 1848, Mr. Bigler and family came to this State and county, settling in Pleasant Township on the farm now owned by his son, Levi Bigler. The country was then quite new and they suffered the many privations incident to pioneer life. Mr. Bigler died at Angola, June 3, 1882, at the age of seventy-six years, five months and twenty-six days, being survived by eight of his ten children. All were present at his funeral except James Bigler, of Oakland, Cal.; David Bigler, of Catson City, Nev., and Mrs. Maria Gary, of San Jose, Cal. Mr. Bigler united with the Lutheran church when about thirty years old, was a constant member the remainder of his life, and died hoping to be crowned with immortality.

John Conklin Bodley (deceased) was born in Plymouth, Richland Co., Ohio, in 1821, and was the oldest of thirteen cliildren. When he was about eighteen years of age he united with the Presbyterian church at that place, and his after life was always consistent with the professions he then made. He was married Dec. 25, 1844, in Richland County, to Nancy O. Conger. Seven children blessed their union, onl}' three of whom survived their father. In 1846 Mr. Bodley and wife removed from Ohio to Indiana, settling in Salem Township, this county, where they lived until 1869, when they came to Angola. Here Mr. Bodley resided the remainder of his life, engaged in buying wheat, and as a dealer in agricultural implements. He died Monday, Aug, 25, 1879, in consequence of injuries received in being thrown from a buggy a week previous. He was a man who was well known throughout rhis and adjoining counties, and was universally respected. He was a kind-hearted neighbor and always stood in readiness to do for those in need, visiting the widows and the fatherless and comforting those in affliction. Anything that added to the prosperity of his town or county in general always received his hearty aid and support, and the place he left vacant was one not easily filled.

Peter Bowman (deceased), long an exemplary citizen of Angola, came to this county from Ohio about 1839, and was always counted as one of the pioneers, although he was hardly more than a boy at the time. He was a house carpenter and joiner by trade, and was a very steady, quiet and industrious man and an excellent citizen. He was elected Sheriff of the county in 1857, and filled that responsible position acceptably for four years. He was married in February, 1858. For a number of years he was a victim of the dread disease, consumption, to which he finally yielded. His demise occurred Dec. 23, 1877. He left four sons and three daughters besides his widow.

Ezekiel Grain (deceased) was born in Orano^e County, Yt. , and in 1824 was married to Rebecca, his life companion, who was born in Lower Canada, May 4, 1804. They emigrated to Washtenaw County, Mich., in 1835, and came to Steuben County in 1838, settling on the farm where they both died, Mr. Crain dying in 1863, and his wife surviving until Feb. 25, 1879. Eight children were born to them, one of whom died at birth, the others, six sons and one daughter, surviving both their parents. In an early day Mr. and Mrs. C. united with the Free-Will Baptist church, and they remained faithful members of the same until the church organization here was broken up, after which time they did not unite with any other church.

Thomas Gale (deceased) was one of the founders of the town of Angola and one of its most prominent citizens for thirty years. Thomas Gale and Sarah Goldsmith were united in marriage in Orange County, N. Y. , Sept. 12,1820. From this union came three children, all girls. Elizabeth, the eldest, married Dr. M. F. Morse; Eugenia L., married Thomas Moore, and the youngest, Louisa, married A. W. Hendry. Mrs. Gale died Feb. 15, 1830. Being mindful of the fact that it is not good to be alone, Mr. Gale, on Nov. 16 of the same year, was married at Bucyrus, Ohio, to Martha Cary, who was for more than a third of a century thereafter his faithful companion, sharing his toils and enjoying with him the fruits of his achievements. Miss Cary was born in Morris County, N. J., May 24, 1793, and emigrated to Ohio in 1826. Closely following her marriage to Judge Gale they turned their faces toward the setting sun, when, arriving in Indiana, they settled on Mangoguinoug Frairie, Lagrange Co. Judge Gale has the credit of being one of the founders of the county seat of Steuben County, for he and Cornelius Gilmore laid out the original plat of Angola; and through the indefatigable eflforts of the Judge, the county seat was here located soon after the organization of the county, which occurred in June, 1837. Judge Gale died Jan. 23, 1865, but his widow lived to see Angola in its present prosperity. She died Jan. 11, 1881, aged eighty-seven years seven months and seventeen days. During the latter part of her life she made her home with her son-in-law, A. W. Hendr3\ She was reared under Quaker influences, but joined the Presbyterian church soon after her arrival in this State. Thence they removed three years later to Lima, the county seat of Lagrange County, which then also comprised what are now De Kalb and Steuben counties. During their residence in Laejrange County the memorable Black Hawk war occurred, during which the Indians killed the unfortunate inmates and burned the house of a near neighbor of Mr. and Mrs. Gale. Great excitement prevailed throughout all the country, this section being then and for many years thereafter peopled extensively by the Pottawatomie Indians. In the fall of 1836 Judge Gale and wife removed to where Angola now is, but which was then a wilderness. Mr. Gale served in the Legislature of Indiana in the years 1836 and 1837. Following this he was elected Associate Judge in 1838, serving one term.

Walter Ingersoll (deceased) came from Ohio to this county in 1837, and settled on a farm in Pleasant Township, in what was called the Sowle settlement. While in Ohio he was married to Rachel Sowle. She was born in Montgomery County, N. Y., April 25, 1816, moved with her parents to Oneida County in 1825, and from there to Ohio in 1833. Mr. Ingersoll died in April, 1856. and in the same year she was married again to Alexander Britton, who died in 1864. In 1876 Mrs. Britton broke up housekeeping and made her home with her daughter, Mrs. J. A. Myrtle, until within two weeks of her death. She died at the residence of her son, O. F. Ingersoll, April 18, 1883. She left two other children by her first husband, Mrs. Joseph Pifer and Abel S. Ingersoll.

John H. Kahnkamp (deceased) was born in Germany, Dec. 23, 1796, and emigrated thence in May, 1844, soon finding himself without means at Wooster, Ohio. Going industriously at work he soon saved a nucleus, and in September of the following year came to Steuben County and purchased forty-four acres of land north of Angola, making a small payment thereon. Here he com menced life anew with a large family, and by industry and frugality succeeded in opening and improving one of the good farms of the county, and placing his family in comfortable circumstances. He was the father of seventeen children by one wife, and eight of them survived his death, which occurred Aug. 25, 1880, when he was at the ripe age of eighty-three.

Adam Metzger (deceased) was born in Lewisburg, Pa., April 26, 1806, and died Aug. 31, 1881, at the age of seventy-five years, four months and five days. In 1840 he came to this county and settled on a farm near Hamilton, where he resided two years, but finding himself not adapted to farming removed to Angola, where he resided up to the time of his death. Here he worked at his trade, that of a mason and house plasterer, until the last summer of his life, when he was stricken with paralysis. He was the father of fonr children, two sons and two daughters - Jacob and John, Mrs. Ambrose Snyder and Mrs. Jesse M. Gale. Mr. Metzger's first wife, the mother of his children, died about 1862, after which he married Mrs. Sarah Jagger.

James Lockwood (deceased) was born in Niagara County, N.Y., in December, 1803, and was married in the same county July 6, 1828, to Miss Ann Berry. He moved from there to Steuben County in the spring of 1837, and settled on the farm now owned by Charles McClue. He went further West, to Cass County, Ohio, in 1855, where he lost his wife by death Oct. 21, 1876. Returning to this county he made his home with his daughter, Mrs. M. L. Freligh, until his death, April 24, 1881, at the a^-e of seventyseven years and four months. He was the father of five children, four daughters and one son, of whom two daughters Survived him, Mrs. Freligh, and Mrs. Robert Kirk, of Omaha, Neb. Mr. Lockwood united with the M. E. church when quite young, and was a consistent member through life.

Almeron Sylvester Sherwood (deceased) was born in Yates County, N. Y., Jan. 4, 1829, and came to this State and county in 1838, when but nine years old, being therefore one of the early settlers and pioneers of this county. In 1850 he was married to Miss Mary Hasting, by whom he had five children, three of whom preceded Mr. Sherwood to the future world. Mr. Sherwood's father settled upon the farm which afterward became Almeron's home, and where the latter lived up to the day of his death, with the exception of a few years passed upon another farm a few miles

In the fall of 1880, while he*was walking across the public square in Angola, a man driving at a careless and rapid rate ran against him, knocking him down and inflicting such severe injuries in his side and head that he had to be carried from the place. However, after a few days of confinement, he recovered sufiiciently to be able to be up and around again, yet never being free from the effects of the accident; and he very frequently complained of having distressing pain in his head, which, however, no one thought serious. He appeared as well as usual on Sunday, Nov. 18, walking over the farm with his sun William, who had just returned from an extended visit in the West. He seemed to be quite cheerful and talkative. The family retired about ten o'clock. His wife soon heard him making a strange noise, and tried to arouse liim, but could not. She became alarmed and called up the rest of the family, but all efforts to arouse him were in vain. They summoned their nearest neighbors, but before any could get there he was dead, Nov. 19, 1882.

Mr. Sherwood was a man who possessed a character and reputation which won for him the honor and esteem of all who knew him. He was especially esteemed as a generous and obliging neighbor; and it is safe to say that no one who was in need ever applied to him for a favor that was not cheerfully granted.

Abel Sowle (deceased) was born Nov. 14, 1810, in Montgomery County, N. Y. ; moved with his parents to Oneida County, N. Y., when about twelve years old. He was married in 1832 to Lovana Miles. In 1835 he moved to Ohio, and two years later he came to this State and county. His first wife dying, he was married in 1850 to Jane "Warner. He was the father of thirteen children, ten by his first wife and three by his second. He died Sept. 9, 1882, of heart disease, leaving eight children, five by his first wife and three by his second. He had been in poor health for some time, and his death was not entirely unexpected.

Simon Spangle (deceased) was born in Hopewell, Ontario Co., N. Y., April 2, 1818, and removed with his parents to Seneca County, Ohio, when but nine years old. In that county, in 1839, he was married to Harriet Bennett, and in 1850 he came with his family to Steuben County. He died at his residence, three miles north of Angola, Dec. 30, 1881, aged sixty-three years, eight months and twenty-eight days. He was the father of ten children, four sons and six daughters, five of whom survived his death. His funeral took place at the Sand Hill school-house.

Christian Stealy (deceased), tHe eldest of the twelve children of Rev. John Stealy, was born at Lancaster, Fairfield Co., Ohio, Dec. 13, 1818. When he was two years old his parents removed to Marion County, Ohio, where they remained until he was eighteen years of age. As the country was new, he experienced there the hardships and privations of pioneer life. Not being satisfied with their location, his father came to Steuben County in September, 1835, entered his land, now the property of Lewis Stealy, returned, and in February, 1836, removed with his family to the farm stated. He being the first settler of Pleasant Township, underwent many experiences which were shared by Christian.

twenty-five Christian learned the tanner's trade, serving as an apprentice under Henry B. Darragh, of Angola. In November, 1848, he was married to Miss Catharine Wrighter, of Angola, by whom he had two daughters. In August, 1861, he and his youngest brother, John H. Stealy, enlisted in Company A, Forty-fourth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, in which they performed their duties as lifers. In February, 1862, his brother died of typhoid fever, and in the following June he himself was discharged from the service. He returned home and remained a resident of the county until his death.

From 1860 to 1867 he was a member of the Angola Cornet Band, and he was also a member of Freygang's orchestra. He was a fine musician, and many pieces bear his name as composer. He died May 21, 1883, aged sixty-four years, five months and eight days, his disease being cancer of the stomach. His younger daughter died Aug. 7, 1869, and his remaining daughter, Sarah Stealy, was married to Silas R. Williams April 2, 1868.

George W. Wickwise (deceased) was born in Ontario County, N. Y., Sept. 20, 1816. He was married to Loretta Lemmon Jan. 1, 1841, by whom he had three children - G. R,., Loretta and Laura, all of whom are living. His first wife died May 15, 1851, and Jan. 13, 1852, he was united in marriage with Rebecca Hanna. By her he had seven children - Nancy, Thomas, Josephine, Charles, Garry, Nellie and Wilma. Dec. 16, 1857, his second wife died. When quite young Mr. Wickwise removed to Ohio. In 1835 he came to Indiana, and for a year or more he carried the mail on the old route between Goshen and Sturgis. He then returned to Ohio, where he remained until 1847. In that year he removed to Angola, where he resided until his death, O^t. 5, 1883. He was one of the proprietors of the Angola Bank from the time it was established until his death. Mr. Wickwise was a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity.

Loton Wells (deceased) was bora in St. Lawrence County, N.Y., July 6, 1810, and removed to Ohio when quite young. In Lorain County, that State, in 1834, he was united in marriage to Miss Anu Sowle. In the spring of 1838 he left Lorain County with his young wife and two children, came to Indiana and chose Steuben County for a home. He settled two and a half miles north of Angola. Indians were then more numerous than whites, and the country presented a much less attractive appearance than now. Twenty years later he removed to Jackson Township. His wife died in March, 1879, and he followed her Aug. 6, 1882, at the age vf seventy-two years. He was the father of nine children, six sons and three daughters, seven of whom survived his death. He was a member of the Christian church for more than twenty -live years. Politically he was a stanch Democrat.

Edward Yager (deceased) was born in Hudson, Columbiaim Co., N. Y., Feb. 23, 1817. He was married Sept. 26, 1838, to Miss Mary Ann Hubbard, who preceded him to the better world March 16, 1870. His own death occurred the morning of Jan. 1, 1880, and he accordingly passed New Year's day in a reunion with his wife, in the laud of eternal rest. He left three sons and two daughters, and one son and one daughter died in childhood.

Mr. Yager came to Indiana in the autumn of 1855 and settled on a farm in Pleasant Township, where he resided until 1877. He then moved to Angola, soon after making his last change of residence to the place where he died. In his early life he united with the Baptist church, of which he remained a consistent member as long as he lived. As long as Baptist services were held at the Lake Gage school-house he was always a faithful attendant; and he ever assisted the cause of religion by his means and inHuence. The disease to which he succumbed was consumption, from which he suffered for live years. His long illness was borne with great patience. All who knew him speak of him in words of praise, as honorable in all his dealings, as an upright and religious man. He was industrious and kind, and never known to have any difficulties with his neighbors.

The population of the township, outside of Angola, was in 1870, 999, and in 1880, 1,203; an increase of 204. The density of population is accordingly nearly sixty per square mile.

The following statistics of leading crops are for the last census year - 1880: Acres of wheat sown,3,412; average yield per acre, 17 bushels ; total crop, 58,004 bushels; acres of corn, 1,963; average yield per acre of upland, 32 bushels; per acre of bottom, 30 bushels; total crop, 62,256 bushels; acres of oats, 672; average yield per acre, 29 bushels; total crop, 19,488 bushels; acres in meadow, 594; average yieldof hay per acre, 1^ tons; total crop, 891 tons; acres

Justices of the Peace. - 1S55, Peter Snyder, George W. Wickwise and Christian Fast; 1856, William C. Weicht; 1859, Christian Fast and William Carkhuff ; 1860, William C. Weicht and E. O. Rose; 1861, Jesse Squier; 1862, B. F. Dawson and Asa M. Tinker; 1864, Harvey H. Fanning and Lewis E. Carver; 1865, Israel Kemery; 1868, Leland H. Stocker and William W. Squier; 1869, Daniel E. Palmer; 1870, William W. Squier and Leland Jl. Stocker; 1872, Daniel E. Palmer; 1874, William W. Squier and Benjamin F. Dawson; 1876, Peter Bowman; 1878, Edson J. Fitch; 1880, Benjamin F. Dawson, William W. Squier and John K. Morrow; 1884, William W. Squier, A. Judson Corbin and John

1860, Charles L. Gillett, Alfred Osborn and Eobert Sowle; 1861, Leopold Weicht, N. W. Griswold and James B. Evven; 1862, N. W. Griswold, Leopold Weicht and Lewis Snyder; 1863, Nathan W. Griswold, Thomas Shuray and Lewis Snyder; 1864, L. L. Black, Nahum Cobb and William Palfreyman; 1865, C. A. Morse; 1866, W. Palfreyman, L. L. Black and N. Cobb; 1868, L. L. Black, Robert Legg and John Richardson; 1869, L. L. Black, Robert Legg and T. E. Legg; 1870, Absalom Kemery, L. L. Black and Philip Sommer; 1872, Samuel Truesdell, Absalom Kemery and L. L. Black; 1874, Alvah Carpenter and Silas Yager; 1878, Alvah Carpenter, John Carson and John Peters; 1880, John Peters, David Scovell and John Carson; 1882, John Carson, James Wood and John Peters; 1884, John Carson, Daniel Scoville and the county feat of Steuben, is beautifully situated on rolling ground, on sections 26, 27 and 35. It was surveyed April 5, 1838, by Erastus Farnham and Aaron B. Goodwin, the plat being recorded in June of that year. The year previous the strife for the location of the county seat took place between the owners of Angola and those of Steubenville, which was situated a few miles south. The former came off victorious, Messrs. Gale and Gilmore agreeing to erect the necessary county buildings, in addition to donating the site for the same and a public square. The conrthouse was completed in 1841.

The lirst house was erected in Angola in the fall of 1836 by Cornelius Gilmore, but he had built a rude shanty a few months Vtefo re that time. The house was used for the accommodation oi travelers for a short time, but soon after Darius Orton erected the first frame building in the place, which is still standing on the corner of Maumee and Elizabeth streets, and this was the first bonailde hotel. The first session of the Steuben County Circuit Court met at the residence of Cornelius Gilmore, but adjourned to that of Thomas Gale,

The postoffice was established at Angola in 1838, Dr. James Mc- Connell being the first Postmaster. Thomas Gale kept the first store in town, occupying a tamarack log-house on the east side of the public square.

The first lawyers in Angola were Robert L. Douglas, Daniel E. Palmer and E. R. May, all of whom came in 1838. Dr. James McConnell was the first physician, as well as the first County Recorder.

The first bank in the town of Angola, as well as in Steuben County, was the Steuben County Bank, which whs organized in 1854, and continued in operation but a year or two. The town was without a bank until 1870, when C. F. Kinney and others organized the banking house of Kinney & Co. In 1873 Robert Pow started a bank which was in 1876 reconstructed as the present Angola Bank.

Angola was incorporated as a town Oct. 1, 1866. Since the original survey the following persons have laid out additions to it: Cornelius Gilmore, James Jackson, Wickwire, Jackson & Moore, Tliomas B. Morse, Abel Cary, Justin Darling, A. W. Hendry, Joseph A. Woodhull, Franklin Cary, E. B. Glasgow, O. W.

In 1870 the Fort Wayne, Jackson & Saginaw Kailroad was completed through the county, since which time a new era of prosperity has dawned upon Angola. There are already many fine business houses and residences, and the people are enjoying a steadily growing prosperity. The only town of any size in the county, with no rivals within a day's wagon ride, Angola certainly has a bright future before it. During the revival year, 1870, improvements were made in Angola to the value of $96,475. Among the buildings erected that year were the James Jackson brick block, $14,000; and the brick block of Willis and others, $8,000.

Business Firms

Following is a list of the present business firms of Angola : H. B. Annis, Morse House; A. J. Barjarow, ax-helve factory; Misses Beaver & Weicht, dressmaking; Charles Bew, feed stable; Bodley & Co., meat market; G. N. Bodley, grocery and bakery; J. R. Boone, creamery; F. E. Burt, jewelry and books; J. N. Carpenter & Son, saloon; O. Carver, drugs; O. Carver & Bro., hardware; W. S. Cary, blacksmith; W. H. Cole, brick and tile; Crockett & Reeves, jewelers; L. A. Dickerson, groceries; J. S. Draper, drugs; Eberly & Longabaugh, dry goods; Ewers Bros., brick; Ferrier, Rakestraw & Co., Bepuhlican; W. D. French, agricultural implements; Jason Gillis, groceries; L. A. Hendry & Co., dry -goods; W. W. Hilldrith, foundry and machine shop; John B. Hoff", photographer ; W. H. Jackson, pumps ; W. H. Jarrard, saloon ; Allen Jarvis, harness; Jordan & Spangle, meat market; Israel Kemery, Russell House; F. Killinger, saloon; H. Killinger, wagons and carriages; Kinney & Co., bank; S. R. Latson, dry-goods; O. H. Leas, livery ; T. E. Legg, livery ; Robert Lutz, sewing machines; J. C. McCrary, furniture ; J. McKillen, barber ; Mentzenberger, grocery and restaurant ; G. W. Miller, grist-mill ; Miss Moffett, dressmaker; P. G. Mofiett, wagon shop; H. Morrow, shoe shop; John H. Moss, agricultural implements; S. A. Moss & Sons, drygoods; Gilbert Mugg, saloon; R. Myrtle, restaurant; John Nyce, painter; Miss L.J. Orton, millinery; A. Osborn, Cashier Angola Bank; A. Osborn, express agent; O.W. Parish, foundry; Freeborn Patterson, carpenter; Alfred Potter, livery; William Potter, cooper; John Richardson, blacksmith; Shank & Wells, groceries and lumber; J. H. Slade, groceries; A. J. Snyder, blacksmith;

John W. Snyder, hardware; S. C. Snyder, wagons and carriages; A. W. A. Sowle, furniture; J. A. J. Sowle, saloon; Henry Squier, saloon; Miss Mary Squier, fancy dry-goods ; George Stealy, paint shop; Jacob Stealy, marble works; J. Stiefel & Son, dry-goods; Uhl & Hathaway, clothing; John Walker, boots and shoes; W. J. H. Watson, harness; Weicht & Sou, planing mill; L. G. Weiss, tailor; Rawson Welch, woolen factory; Robert Welch, barrels and staves ; William Wells, harness ; W, S. Wells, restaurant; I. Williamson, hardware ; W. M. Wolford, tin shop ; Byron Work, drugs; Joseph Zipfel, boots and shoes.

The Angola Bank was established in March, 1877, by E. B. Glasgow, Jesse M. Gale, William Wickwire, George W. Wickwire and Alfred Osborn. Mr. Glasgow withdrew from the firm in 1878, and William Wickwire died in October, 1883. The others named retain their interest in the concern. Mr. Osborn acts as Cashier. The banking house of Kinney §c Co. was established Feb. 6, 1871, by C. F. Kinney, P. W. Russell and J. A. Woodhull. W. G. Croxton was admitted to membership in February, 1874. Mr. Kinney is Cashier, and Lawrence Gates, Assistant Cashier. Both these institutions have ample capital and are prosperous.

Angola Officials

Francis Macartney is Postmaster; Emmett A. Bratton, Clerk and Treasurer; Eugene A. Carver, President; John Walker, LeanderM. Sowle, Charles Bew and T. B. Williams, Trustees; B. F. Dawson, W. B. McConuell and Samuel Miller, School Trustees.

Professional

The members of the legal profession residing at Angola are: Joseph A. Woodhull, William M. Brown, Daak R. Best, Emmett A. Bratton, John K. Morrow, Stephen A. Powers, George B. Adams, Frank M. Powers, Cyrus Cline, Benjamin F. Dawson and William B. McConnell. The resident physicians are: Hugh D. Wood, Thomas B. Williams, W. H. Waller, Sol. A. Wood, M. F. Shaw, E. R. Leas and William C. Weicht, the last two beinohomeopathists. There are two dentists, E. H. Creditor and J. E. Waugh.

Harvey H. Goldsmith, J. Austin Fox and Henry Linder. Albert R. Crandall, the lirst Deacon, was elected as such Aug. 15, 1871. The church and congregation met for worship in the public-school building until Dec. 3, 1S71, when the present church edifice, having been so far completed that it could be used, was formally dedicated by Rev. E. B. Fairfield. This pleasant and commodious building was erected at an expense of about $6,000. Since organization, the church has had as pastors, in the order named: Revs. R. D. Macartha, Ebenezer Haliday, E. Andrus, John V. Hickmott and J. A. Dobson. No services are held at present writing. The Sunday-school connected with this church was organized June 30, 1872. Oscar B. Dunning, W. H. H. Day, Germ Brown, David Eberly, W. W. Ferrier and John W. Cowen have been Superintendents. The attendance averages perhaps sixty.

The congregation of Disciples at Angola was organized in the vear 1865, under J. C. Goodrich. A protracted meeting in which he was principal speaker resulted in eighteen conversions and the perfection of an organization numbering thirty-eisjht. About this time N. N. Bartlett, R. Faurot and James Hadsel were employed in succession to minister to them. Three years later N. J. Aylsworth conducted successful protracted meetings, resulting in about twenty accessions to the church. In the fall of 1869 he accepted a call to become its pastor and in this capacity he remained for two and a half years, when he removed to Fort Wayne to take charge of mission work in that city. During the period of his labors the present substantial and commodious building was erected and the church considerably increased in number& and influence. Six months after his resignation he was succeeded by his brother, Rev. W. P. Aylsworth, who preached here between seven and eight years. He left in 1880, and after a short interim he was followed in the pulpit by A. S. Hale, from Michigan. He remained two vears, and was succeeded by Rev. H. A. Pallister, from Warsaw, Ind. The organization is the largest in Angola, and owns, free of debt, a church property, well situated, worth about $7,000. The Sunday-school has been from the beginning under the superintendency of Prof. R. Y. Carlin. Its average attendance is about

The Methodists have a cluirch, erected in 1854:, which was dedicated by Rev. J. Colclazer. This same church, removed to its present location and remodeled, is the building still in use. This county was set off" as Steuben Circuit in 1841. Since then the

Angola Lodge, No. 236, F. & A. M., was organized Sept. 15, 1857, with nine members. The first officers were: Jesse Squier, W. M.; S. C. Aldrich, S. W.; Christian Fast, J. W. The present officers are: S. A. Wood, W. M.; Thomas S. Gillis, S. W. ; Charles Jordon, J. W.; Benjamin F. Dawson, Sec. ; Charles Bachelder, Treas.

Angola Lodge, No. 180, I. O. O. F., was instituted Jan. 12, 1857, the charter members being Robert McKinstry, Jesse J. Mugg, Simeon C. Aldrich, Josiah Weaver and George Bolles. Jesse Squier, Henry Linder, Peter Bowman and L. A. Thompson were initiated at the first meeting. The first officers were: Robert Mc- Kinstry, N. G.; Jesse J. Mugg, Y. G.; George Bolles, Sec; Josiah Weaver, Treas.; George A. Milnes, Warden; Simeon C.

Aldrich, Con.; Augustus Lines, I. G. The present officers are: E. A. Carver, N. G.; J. Biel, V. G. ; W. W. Sqnier, R. S. ; Lawrence Gates, Treas.

Angola Lodge, No. 1484, K. of H., was organized March 20, 1879 witii twenty-three charter members. Lawrence Gates was Director and Samuel Beight, Reporter. At present E. H. Creditor is Dictator; Lawrence Gates, Treasurer; and A. F. Day, Reporter.

Fire Department

The Angola Fire Department was organized in 1873 by the corporation trustees, with the assistance of W. C. McGonigal, who acted as first Foreman and instructor of the company, consisting of twenty-three members. H. E. Burnham was Foreman from 1874 to 1880. Since then the position has been filled successively by O. H. Leas, Allen Jarvis and Charles Jordan. The Chief Engineers since 1882 have been David Scoville, O. H. Leas, and G. W. Poland. There is now under consideration the building of an addition to the engine-house, which has become too small for the in- creasing needs of the department. The membership is now about forty. During the twelve years of its existence the department has made a most creditable record, having thrice extinguished fires in the Morse House, twice in the court-house (one a serious blaze), and once in a store, besides many minor conflagrations.

At a tournament held at Angola June 17, 1880, the Babcock Hook and Ladder Company took the first prize of $100 and a silver trumpet. In September following, at Elkhart, the company again won $100 and a silver trumpet. In September, 1882, at South Bend, the Angola company took the second prize, $75.

Samuel Anspaugh^ Superintendent of the Steuben County Poor Farm, was born in Florence, Williams Co., Ohio, July 16, 1852, a son of John and Sarah (Cain) Anspaugh. His parents were married in Williams County in 1846. They moved to Steuben County, Ind., in 1878 and located on the farm where they now live. They have had a family of seven children - Jacob A. J., Samuel, Hester Ann (wife of Charles Bowles), Benjamin F, (deceased), John L., Amanda J., and Henry G. Mr. Anspaugh was originall}' a Jackson Democrat, but being opposed to slavery he joined the Whig party, and since its organization has affiliated with the Republican party. He and his wife are members of the United Brethren church. Samuel Anspaugh received a liberal education in his native county. He was reared on a farm and since reaching manhood has followed agricultural pursuits. In 1878 he was appointed Superintendent of the County Poor Farm, and has filled the position eflficiently and satisfactorily. He is a member of Angola Lodge, No. 236, F. & A. M., an organization in which he takes a deep interest. He was married Jan. 1, 1876, to Maggie Cameron, daughter of John and Mary Cameron, early settlers of Steuben County.

Charles Bachelder^ one of the early settlers of Steuben County, was born in Geauga County, Ohio, Jan. 21, 1821, a son of Solomon and Anna (Perry) Baclielder, natives of New York, who went to Ohio in an early day and were there married. There was a family of three children - Charles; Marancy, deceased, wife of James Rogers; Henrietta, widow of Martin Arnold. The father died Dec. 15, 1832. The mother afterward married Wyman Parker, and about 1850 they moved to Steuben County, Ind., where they died in 1864, on the same day, and were buried in the same grave. Charles Bachelder was reared in Ohio, but in 1840 came to Steuben County and settled in Mill Grove Township, subsequently moving to Jackson Township. He has accumulated a comfortable property by his own industry and economy assisted by a noble and self-sacrificing wife . He was married in 1844 to Eliza Miller, a native of Massachusetts, daughter of Heber and Khoda (Moon) Miller, natives of Rhode Island, who settled in Steuben County in 1836. Mrs. Bachelder died Dec. 20, 1883, after a married life of nearly forty years. She was an earnest Christian, an affectionate wife and mother, a kind neighbor and a true friend. She left one son - Ciiarles A.^ a resident of Steuben County. Mr. Bachelder has been a resident of Steuben County nearly forty j'ears, and has been cognizant of all the various changes that have transformed a wilderness to a state of advanced civilization, populous towns and a prosperous farming community. He has held several local offices of trust and has always performed his duties in a satisfactorj^ manner. In politics he is an independent, giving his suffrage to the man he considers the most worthy. He is a member of Angola Lodge, No. 236, F. & A. M., and Angola Chapter, No. 58, R. A. M., and Angola Council, No. 27, R. & S. M. He has held the office of High Priest in the council and has represented his chapter and council in the grand lodge of the State.

A. J. Barjarow, carpenter and joiner, Angola, Ind., was born in Reading, Hillsdale Co., Mich., Jan. 24, 1845, a son of Rev. Timothy and Anna M. (Hayes) Ba^jarow, who settled in Ann Arbor, Mich., in 1835, and later in Hillsdale County. In 1854 they moved to Branch County, and in 1867 to Allegan County, where he still resides, a minister of the Free-Will Baptist church. Mrs. Bariarow died in April, 1852. She was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. A. J. Barjarow was reared and educated in his native State. When but sixteen years of age, in 1861, he enlisted in the Eleventh Michigan Infantr}-, and was mustered in at White Pigeon, Aug. 24. He participated in the engagements at Fort Negle and Shiloh. Nov. 26, 1862, he was mustered out of the Eleventh Regiment and immediately enlisted in the Fourth United States Cavalry. He was subsequently at the engagements of Stone River, Chickamauga and Lookout Mountain, and the following winter was stationed at Paint Rock. Then participated in the engagements at Buzzard's Roost, Big Shanty, Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta and Nashville. He was on the Forrest raid and at his defeat at Selma. At the close of the war was at Macon, Ga., then went to San Antonio, Tex., where they were discharged Nov. 26, 1865. He then returned to Michigan, and in 1868 moved to Angola, where he has since resided. He was married in 1876 to Mary Waller. They have one child - Gertie M. Mr. Barjarow is a member of Angola Lodge, No. 236, F. & A. M., and of the Grand Army of the Kepublic.

William H. Beard was born in Huron County, Ohio, Oct. 15, 1840, a son of Elijah and Lucy (Horn) Beard. When he was ten years old his parents moved to Steuben County, Ind., and here he was reared and educated. In the summer of 1861 he enlisted in Company D, Forty-fourth Indiana Infantry. He participated in the engagements at Fort Donelson, Fort Henry, Shiloh, Corinth, Battle Creek, Buell's march to Nashville, Louisville, Perryville, Cedar Springs, Ringgold, Stone River, Murfreesboro,'Chickamauga, Mission Ridge and many others. While at Chattanooga his time expired; but he immediately re-enlisted in the same company and served till the close of the war. He was discharged at Nashville and mustered out at Indianapolis. He was wounded twice at Shiloh, in the neck and in the shoulder. After his return from the war he settled in Angola, where he has since resided. He was married in 1866 to Almeda Chandler. They have one child. Mr. Beard is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, an organization he takes much interest in.

Levi Bigler^ one of the enterprising farmers of Pleasant Township, was born in Wayne County, Ohio, March 18, 1829, a son of Emanuel and Anna (Ewing) Bigler, natives of Pennsylvania, the father born Oct. 7, 1805, and the mother Sept. 7, 1809. His parents were married in Ohio in 1827. In 1832 they moved to Richland County, Ohio, and in 1848 to Steuben County, Ind., and settled on section 33, Pleasant Township, buying a tract of land, only twenty-five acres of which was cleared. The mother died Feb. 6, 1882, and the father the 4th of the following June. They were for many years members of the Lutheran church. Levi Bigler was three years of age when his parents moved to Richland County, where he was reared and educated, and in 1848 came with them to Steuben County, where he has since lived. Imbued by nature with ambition he has overcome all obstacles, and has made a success of his ventures. He now has a good farm of 102 acres, seventy-four acres being under cultivation and valued at $75 an acre. In 1878 he built a fine residence, costing over $2,100. Mr.

Bigler was married Oct. 15, 1854, to Catharine Staley, a native of Marion County, Ohio, born Aug. 5, 1830, daughter of John Staley. Mr. and Mrs. Bigler have a family of seven children - Frank, Viola, Scott, Augusta, Vivian (wife of A. W. Lewis), Bartt B. and Nina Maude. In politics Mr. Bigler follows in the footsteps of his father and is a supporter of Democratic principles.

John Cameron, deceased, was born in Scotland, Dec. 21, 1814, and died at his home in Richland Township, Steuben Co., Ind. , April 4, 1878. He came to the United States in 1833, and located near Toledo, Ohio, where he was married in February, 1841, to Mary Carlin, and the following June they came to Steuben County, Ind. He bougnt three quarter-sections of land in Richland Township, where he lived till his death. His wicjow still lives on the old homestead. For thirty-seven years they shared each others joys and sorrows, hardships and pleasures, each doing the work allotted and together made a home for their children. Mr. Cameron was for many years a member of the United Brethren church at Metz. He was held in high esteem by his fellow-citizens, and was three times elected Trustee of the township. He served as Justice of the Peace twelve or fifteen years. He was elected County Commissioner in 1874 and re-elected in 1876. Upright and perfectly reliable in all his business transactions, he was honored and esteemed by all who knew him. His family consisted of nine children, eight of whom are living.

R. V. 6'a?'^^n, Superintendent of the schools of Steuben County, was born in Wayne County, Ohio, Feb. 26, 1834, a son of Robert and Sarah (Perkey) Carlin, his father born in 1806 and his mother in 1811. They were early settlers of Ohio, and in 1840 moved to Indiana and located in Richland Township, Steuben County, thus becoming pioneers of two States. The mother died in 1865 and the father in 1868. They had a family of thirteen children, twelve of whom are livinec. R. V. Carlin was reared and educated in Steuben County. His father was in limited circumstances with a large family to support, and aside from his early attendance at the district schools his education was obtained by his own efibrts. When eighteen years old he attended Mount Union College, Stark Co., Ohio, and afterward Hillsdale College, Mich., from which he graduated in 1866. After his graduation he was employed four years as Principal of the Angola High School. In 1870 he was elected County Recorder, and served eight years. He then again engaged in teaching till June, 1883, when he was elected to his present position. Mr. Carlin was married March 31, 1868, to Miss Maria Kinnj, who was born Nov. 18, 1831, a daughter of Joseph J. and Emily (Hitchcock) Kinny, natives of Vermont, who moved to Ohio in 1830, and to Steuben County, Ind., in 1851, where the father died in 1853, and the mother in 1879. Mr. and Mrs. Carlin have one son - Clyde C, born July 28, 1870. They have an adopted daughter, Cora, a daughter of Mr. Carlin's brother. Mr. Carlin is a member of the Odd Fellow's order, lodge and encampment, and in 1874 represented his lodge in the Grand Lodge of the State. He and his wife are members of the Christian church- In politics he is a Republican.

Jesse H. Carpenter is a native of Erie County, Ohio, born July 12, 1838, a son of Harlow J. and Fanny (Merry) Carpenter, his father a native of Yerraont and his mother of Connecticut. In 1849 his parents settled in Otsego Township, Steuben Co., Ind., but he remained in Ohio for some time, on account of the better educational advantages. After coming to the county he taught school a few terms, and when nineteen years of age was appointed a railroad station agent at Lawrence, Ohio, a position he held three years. In 1861 he volunteered in defense of the Union; was mustered into the United States Marine Artillery service with Burnside's expedition, and served a year and a half. Immediately after his discharge at Newbern, N. C, he enlisted in the engineer corps, and was appointed a Lieutenant in the same. On his return to Steuben County he engaged in farming with his father. He was a Trustee of Otsego Township five years, and in the fall of 1874 was elected County Auditor, and moved to Angola. A National in politics, he was elected to his office on the independent ticket. He made an efficient officer and performed his duties in an honest, upright manner, and by so doing, has won the'respect and confidence of all, both supporters and opponents. He has made two political canvasses since as the candidate of the National or people's party, endorsed by the Democrats, one as State Senator ' of his District, and one g,s State Representative of his county, and in both cases his support was so flattering that his election seemed probable. Mr. Carpenter was married Sept. 29, 1870, to Frances Brown, a native of Ohio, daughter of "William H. L. and Phoebe A. (Wilcox) Brown. They have one son - Robert H.

James N . Carjpenter^ one of the early settlers of Steuben County^ Ind., was born in Schoharie County, N. Y., July 24, 1824, a son of Samuel and Roxana (Lowden) Carpenter, his father a native of

New York and his mother of Connecticut, both born in 1797. Thev were married in New York in 1820 and in 1826 moved to Delaware County, Pa., and thence in January, 1829, to Portage County, Ohio. In February, 1843, they came to Steuben County, Ind., making the journey with teams, and coming by the way of Michigan. There were no roads nor bridges, and the way was rough. They settled in Scott Township on a tract of timber land, moving into a rude log cabin that was found there. There was two feet of snow on the ground and nearly as much on the upper floor of their cabin. They lived in this rude cabin till one could be built on section 19. There was no tame hay in the county, and as their stock would not eat marsh hay, they were obliged to cut basswood for it to browse on till spring. They then began to clear the land and prepare to raise a crop of corn. Mr. Carpenter became widely known in the county, and was one of the most prominent and influential citizens. In religion he was liberal in his views, but was an upright moral man. He died in 1859. The mother died in 1880. They had a family of eight children, but four of whom are living - James N., Harriet, Uriah, and Sarah; Orrison C, Eliza, Alexander and Almond are deceased. James N. Carpenter was reared in the wilderness of Steuben County, and educated in the pioneer schools. He was married May 18, 1847, to Polly E. Brown, a daughter of Erastus Brown, a Methodist preacher of Berkshire County, Mass. To them were born four children; two sons are living - Heman F. and Royal E.; two daughters are deceased - Poxana M. and Viola I. Mr. Carpenter lived on a farm till 1856, and then moved to Angola, and embarked in the grocery business, which he continued till 1862. He then sold out his grocery and formed a partnership with Mr. Merriman in the dry-goods business. Mr. Merriman soon sold his interest, and Mr. Carpenter conducted the business alone two years. He then retired from the mercantile business and looked after the in. terests of his farm fjr several years. In October, 1871, he formed a partnership with Mr. Burlingame in the wholesale and retail liquor trade. Fifteen months later he bought Mr. Burlingame's interest and is now carrying on the business alone.

William M. Carr was born in Stark County, Ohio, Aug. 24, 1839, a son of James and Mary (McKinley) Carr. His father died in 1851. His mother is living in Ohio. Mr. Carr learned the machinist's trade in his youth, serving an apprenticeship, and worked at it till after the breaking out of the Rebellion. In Au-

(T\ist, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, Nineteenth Ohio Infantry, and served till Nov. 28, 1865. He participated in the battles of Mill Springs, Shiloh, Corinth, on Bragg's raid, Stone River. Chicanuinga, Atlanta, and San Antonio, Tex. He was promoted to Assistant Quartermaster on General Stanley's staff, and held the position at the time he was mustered out. He was wounded in the fort at the battle of Atlanta. In 1865 Mr. Carr came to Indiana and settled in Angola, where he has since resided. He was married in 1864 to Catherine Ingold. She died in 1877 in Massillon, Ohio, leaving one son - Frank P. March 9, 1880, Mr. Carr married Jennie C. Fetterhoff. They have three children- Mary C, Joseph McKinley, and James F. Mr. Carr is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and is Adjutant of his post. Harrison Carter was born in Deerfield Township, Portage Co., Ohio, Feb. 8, 1823, a son of James and Elizabeth (McClarity) Carter. His parents were married in Maryland, and were among the early settlers of Deerfield Township, making the entire journey from Maryland to Ohio on horseback. Forty five miles of the way they carried a table. They were the parents of thirteen children; six sons and six daughters lived till maturity. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and were active workers in the early days of the church in Ohio. Harrison Carter remained on the farm with his parents till fifteen years of age and then began to learn the carpenter's trade, serving an apprenticeship of four years, receiving $4 a month and his board. He was married in his native county to Rhoda Ann Case, a native of New York. In 1847 he came to Steuben County and settled on the farm where lie now lives, at that time a tract of wild land. There were but three or four acres of land cleared between his claim and Angola. Game was plenty, and as Mr. Carter was an expert hunter they never were in need of meat. Jamestown was their nearest milling point. Although in limited circumstances when he came to Steuben County, Mr. Carter has, by his energy and industry, gained a comfortable home. He owns forty-eight acres of valuable land, upon which he has erected a pleasant and convenient residence and good farm buildings. In the thirty-seven years that he has been a resident of the county he has witnessed many changes. What was then a dense forest has been cleared, and thriving villages and productive farms are now in its stead. Mr. Carter has followed his trade at intervals since coming to the county, working at it when not engaged on his farm.

Orville Carver, druggist, Angola, Ind., was born in Hebron, Tolland Co., Conn., Aug. 20, 1843, a son of Dr. Lewis E. and Frances A. (Porter) Carver. In 1845 his parents moved to Steuben County, Ind., and settled on a farm in Jackson Township, and in 1850 moved to Angola, where they have since resided. In 1850 Dr. Carver was elected County Treasurer and served three years, and was soon after elected Recorder. He was a strong anti-slavery man, his house being one of the depots for the underground railroad. He has affiliated with the Republican party since its organization. Five of his eight children are living. Orville Carver was reared in Angola, receiving his education in its public schools. In 1861 he enlisted in the Fourth Michigan Infantry and participated in the first battle at Bull Run, the peninsular campaign, the second battle at Bull Run, Antietam, Shepardsville, Gettysburg, and Fredericksburg. He was mustered out at Detroit in July, 1864, and the following April enlisted in Hancock's Veteran Corps, and served till a year after the close of the war. He then returned to Angola. In 1869 he was appointed Postmaster, and served fourteen years. At present he is Trustee of Pleasant Township. In June, 1884, he was a delegate to the National Convention at Chicago which nominated Jas. G. Blaine for President, and is Chairman of the Republican Committee of this county. He is a member of the Odd Fellows' lodge and encampment, also the Grand Army of the Republic, and in the spring of 1885 represented his lodge in the Grand Lodge of the State. He was married in 1867 in Union City, Mich., to Miss Fronia Thayer, daughter of E. Thayer, formerly of New York State.

Captain W. H. Cole was born in Mahoning County, Ohio, Sept. 30, 1841, a son of Jacob Y. and Sarah (Geer) Cole, his father a native of New Jersey and his mother of Connecticut. Of a family of fourteen children, twelve are living. Five were soldiers in the war of the Rebellion - four beside our subject. Samuel was a member of the Seventy-fourth Indiana Infantry, and was killed at Lovejoy Station. Nelson also enlisted in the Seventyfourth Indiana. John enlisted as a private in the One Hundred and Twenty-ninth Indiana Infantry, and was promoted to Captain. Charles was a member of Company K, One Hundred and Fiftysecond Indiana Infantry. Jacob Y. Cole was by trade a stonemason, but after coming to Steuben County, in September, 1856, bought a large tract of land in Scott and Pleasant Townshij-s, and has since followed farming, being still a resident of Scott Township, W. H. Cole received a good education in his native county, and after coming to Indiana assisted his father on the farm. He enlisted Aug. 16, 1861, in Company A, Twenty-ninth Indiana Infantry. They were sent in pursuit of Morgan, and at Muldraugli Hill participated in their first engagement. Then camped at Warsaw till the following spring. Subsequently engaged in the battles of Munfordville, Bowling Green, Nashville, and Shiloh, where he was wounded in the foot. He was taken from the battle-field to a rebel hospital, and for forty-eight hours had nothing to eat. He was taken sick with typhoid fever, in addition to his wound, and the surgeons all agreed that in order to save his life his foot would have to be amputated. This he would not consent to. He was afterward given a furlough and sent home, being fourteen days in making the journey, and in that time did not have his foot dressed. In February, 1863, he was discharged, but after his recovery, the following August, raised a company, which was assigned to the One Hundred and Twenty-ninth Reo-iment as Company A, and was commissioned its Captain by Governor Morton, In the fall of 1863 his regiment left Louisville and marched to Chattanooga, where they joined General Sherman's command, and participated in the battles of Buzzard Roost, Burnt Hickory, Kenesaw Mountain, Chattahoochie River, Peach Tree Creek, Lovejoy Station, and all the engagements till the fall of Atlanta, and then at Huntsville, Rome, the raid up the Chattahoochie, Franklin, and Nashville. They followed Hood's army to the Tennessee River, and were at the battles of Ft. Fisher and Kingston, N. C, where they had their last engagement. They were mustered out at Charlotte, N. C, Aug. 29, 1865 Captain Cole was married in November, 1867, to Nettie Gifford, dauc^hter of Amaniah and Jane (Beard) Gifford, early settlers of Steuben County. They have had two children - a daughter, Carrie D., and a son who died in infancy. Captain Cole was one of the organizers of the Grand Army post in Angola, and has been one of its most enthusiastic supporters. He is a member of Angola Lodo-e, No. 236, F. & A. M. In politics he is a Democrat.