Cynthiana, Kentucky - History (part 1 of 4)

Preface

I have made it a rule through life never to read a preface, and have often wondered why they were written. Now I know, since a certain brain child has been born, whose mother, you know, and whose father is Necessity. They are written to introduce the spiritual wanderer to the world, to beg mercy of the critics, or to say a last word, as I am about to do now.

This town was settled before 1793, but the second general assembly of Kentucky granted the charter that year, and the town was named and then the cornerstone of Cynthiana was laid. From a few houses it has grown to the proportions of a city, and her children think that here is the loveliest spot on earth. They may wander, but their love for her abides, and draws them to her again, even from foreign lands.

Old Citizens, Etc

Few stones remain to mark the place where they played their last act - when death extinguished the footlights, and the weary actors crossed from Time to Eternity.

If Abram Crossdale, who died and was buried in the old cemetery, in 1812, could rise from the dead and sit on his moss-grown tombstone, how would he be surprised to see the cars thunder past his restingplace ! And if he might interrogate '^ Young America" (he would n't be afraid of the " Old Ghost," not he), he might learn that since he fell asleep, eighty years ago, steamboats and steamships have been made to sail all the rivers and seas, and that they and steam cars had brought all the wonders of once unknown lands to our very doors; that a man in Cynthiana can reprove, by word of mouth, his son who is in Cincinnati; that a woman can scold her husband, through the telephone, from Boston to New York! And, equally strange, that telegraph wires belt the globe, and that by lightning we send messages to the uttermost parts of the earth. He may learn also that we still mourn for

For Edison has invented a machine to catch and hold for ages the sweet low voice of woman or the stirring tones of man's eloquence - that once uttered in times past were lost forever. And that dear to the human heart as any discovery of any age is the one made by Daguerre, who used the sunbeams as pencils with which to draw a perfect likeness of the human face, now woman's beauty may live after her. But when Abram learns what is patent to the older members of this generation, namely, that when boys and girls now arrive at the ages of sixteen and seventeen years they cause the sun of authority to stand still, and begin to bring up their parents in the nurture and admonition of Young America, he shall just turn around and crawl into his " moldy bed," pleased to await the summons of Gabriel.

Every school-boy knows that Xerxes invaded Greece nearly 500 years b. c, and that he saw from a high hill a plain below covered with 2,000,000 soldiers; and the sea, as far as the eye could reach, covered with his ships. As the sail, in its western course, touched the waving plumes and all the glittering muniments of war belonging to that vast army - the largest history records - he wept to think that in a hundred years every soul before him would be dead.

Alexander the Great conquered the world, and wept that there were no more worlds for him to conquer. Jacob kissed Rachael and wept - why, no human being knows ; but we of the present generation weep that we may not live to see the vast strides art and science will make in a hundred years to come. Perhaps by that time some man sitting in the court-house yard may look southward and see an airship coming from the south pole, with all her hull and rigging outlined against the sapphire sky. She may dip low enough to take on passengers, and then continue, on her northern way, as swiftly as the wild duck takes its :flight, in spring, to escape the southern sun.

The Harrisons. - Tradition is the ignis fatuus that glimmers along the marsh lands that divide the past from the present time. By its dim and uncertain light we must look at the pioneers who dared the wild beasts and wilder Indians of this part of " The Dark and Bloody Ground," and founded Cynthiana in the wilderness. It was named Cynthiana in honor of Cynthia and Anna Harrison. This passage occurs in the "History of Harrison County:"

" Tradition relates that Robert Harrison was a gay, healthy, rollicking son of the wilderness, just the man for the times; and that his blooming young daughters, not then grown, were the favorites of all their father's customers and neighbors. The name Cynthiana of course gave general satisfaction. But Robert

Harrison soon sold out his rights to the soil here, for his farm was ah^eady, in 1793, hiid out into convenient streets and alleys, and, before Cynthia and Anna had reached womanhood, he removed to Portsmouth, Ohio. There he flourished in business, his family grew up, and one of the daughters, we are not informed which, married a successful young merchant of Philadelphia, and became an honored matron in a prosperous family in that city."

Imagination takes up the thread where tradition drops it, and pictures these beautiful young girls, of twelve and fourteen years of age, standing by their father's forge at nightfall, with the red light surrounding them like a halo, watching him shoe the horse of some belated traveler, who must continue his dangerous journey with wild cats screaming in the trees above him, and wild Indians behind their boles ready to shoot him down at any moment. Robert Harrison's blacksmith shop was situated near the bridge, just about where Mr. Bower's shop is now. The ferry was where the old bridge stands at the present time, and was the only means of crossing the river, until 1810, when the bridge was built. Cynthia and Anna Harrison must have been often seen by persons who crossed at the ferry.

Perhaps it was there that Cynthia - for she was the eldest - met this lover from Philadelphia, who married her, later on, and made her happy ever afterward.

delphia, or if Anna pined away her days in single wretchedness, a handful of ashes and dust is all that remain of the beautiful children for whom our town was named.

First House. - The first house that was built in Cynthiana is the log cabin now owned by Amanda Lee (colored). It is not known by whom it was built, nor is there a single tradition remembered by the oldest citizen as having been connected with it. A seriocomic affair was enacted in the back yard belonging to the house between two Irishmen who got into a terrible fight one summer evening. The air was made hideous by their yells for some minutes, and then all was still but the moans of a woman who wandered about the yard Avith a flaring candle in her hand. Tom Wherritt saw her, and inquired what was the matter. '' Matter enough," cried Mrs. Merrigan ; " Tim Flarrity have bit the tip eend of Merrigan's nose ofi* av 'im, and oim huntin' to find it in the grass to stick it on agin." But she never found it, and Merrigan went to the end of his days without it. For years he was to be seen in a cabin on the river bank, and the inside of his nose was no mystery to him that looked about him.

Letitia Hays. - Among the oldest houses in and about Cynthiana is the one now owned by Captain Joseph Desha, it having been built in 1807. There was a log cabin built by a Captain Hays just behind where Captain Desha's house stands. It must have been built many years before the house. It was the scene of a thrilling tragedy. Mr. Hays married a sister to the wife of Dr. Gavin Morrison. Captain Hays, his wife, Letitia, and their little children lived in the cabin before mentioned in the latter part of the last century. Mrs. Hays was a beautiful woman of the blonde type. Tradition has nothing to do with the incidents about to be recounted. They are facts handed down to us without exaggeration.

One, to have looked at the fair face and to have watched the gentle manner of Mrs. Hays, would never have supposed that she was as resolute and intrepid as any Indian that prowled in the woods about her dwelling; but her actions proved her heroism.

Michael Hogg resided in the house on the hill where Mr. Burk now lives, and ow^ned several hundred acres of the surroundino^ land from the vearl775 until he died. Thomas Hogg, the son of Michael Hogg, was born at Hinkson's Station in 1780, his mother and father having gone there from their place on the hill to escape massacre by the Indians. What IS related happened Avhen Thomas was but a lad; therefore, it must have been near the date of 1790.

Mills at that time were scarce and far apart. Captain Ha3'S and a number of his neighbors started early one morning with their grist to a mill miles away. Mrs. Hays was left in her cabin, which is still to be seen on Captain Desha's place, alone with her httle children and her rifle.

Michael Ho2:£: learned as ni2:ht was falling that the Indians were in ambush near Mrs. Hays's house, and that they were waiting for dark to make an attack. He determined to warn her. He was compelled to stay at his own home to protect his family ; what must he do to save the lives of Mrs. Hays and her children ?

danger. There must have been " giants among children in those days," for Thomas suffered himself to be stripped of his elotliing, greased in order that lie might sUp easil}^ out of the Indians' hands if eauglit, mounted his horse as twiliglit deepened, and made liis way swiftly to Mrs. Hays' cabin.

He was barely in time to do his errand, for the Indians had surrounded the cabin at some distance away from it. Mrs. Hays heard a slight noise at the door, and, fearing Indians, opened the door, rifle in hand. She recognized little Thomas, drew him from his horse, and placed him in the cabin. As she did so, she saw behind a fallen tree in the yard an Indian taking aim at her. She closed and barred the door, took her station at the port-hole of her cabin with her gun at rest aimed ready to fire. The Indian cautiously put up his head to fire at her, for the light within the cabin made her plainly visible, but she was too quick for him; she fired and the Indian fell mortally wounded. His companions bore him to the mouth of Gray's Run, where he died. A moccasin used to staunch the blood flowing from the wound of the dying man was found next day, and was kept in the family of Dr. Gavin Morrison for many years. Is Michael Hogg, his son, Thomas, or Mrs. Hays most to be admired ? Michael Hogg was willing to risk the life of his son to save the lives of his neifichbor's Avife and children. But how must Thomas have felt as he mounted his horse in the twiliglit to go, as he knew, perhaps, to captivity or cruel death ? His courage did not falter. A soldier goes into battle to the sound of martial music, and faces death in company of thousands as brave as himself; but this child rode alone and unprotected in the dusk of evening on an errand of mercy. His deed is recorded in heaven, but it has almost passed away from the minds of men. And Mrs. Hays - a fair young woman gently nurtured, w^ell born - nothing but love could have nerved her arm to do the awful deed she did ! Think of her standing among her little children at evening in her cabin in the wilderness, knowing that the fair locks of her little daughter might soon dangle from the belt of some savage Indian !

The Maid of Orleans was the bravest woman that -ever lived ; she led an army to victory, and suffered death at the hands of the English by being burned at the stake. But could she have done these things without the inspiration drawn from the thousands who looked on and admired and almost worshiped her? Could she have acted more bravely alone in a cabin in the wilderness than did Mrs. Hays ?

Mrs. Hays was a remarkable woman all her life, and she lived to the verge of extreme old age. When she was still young, she and her husband removed to the Scioto valley, Ohio. In her eighty-fourth year, she - came from there, on horseback, to visit the family of Mr. Perry Wherritt, he having married her grandniece, Zarelda Morrison. She arrived at Mr. Wherritt's house at sunset one summer evening, and the next morning - she felt no fatigue - she arose before -sunrise, and called Mr. Wherritt to go with her to the old place - where Captain Desha now lives - that she might drink water from the old well. They stood by the well at sunrise. With what emotions of pleasure and deep regret she must have gazed on the beautiful scene spread out before her! Touched by the risen sun was the steep hill down which little Tommy Hogg had ridden, at breakneck speed, to warn her of danger on that fateful evening that but for him might have been her last. There, gleaming in the early light, was Gray's run, murmuring as it wound past the point where her old enemy, the Indian, had died. There were the trees under which her children had played, and beyond were the green meadows across which her husband came home when work was done. She looked long and silently around her, and then slowly left the place. This was her last visit to Kentucky and last farewell to the scenes of her youth.

Long since, her heroic heart has ceased to beat, but her brave actions are immortal. When a word is spoken, it becomes a thought embodied, an entity, a thing born for good or evil. So with a brave deed that is done; it lives and moves mankind years after its author is silent and forgotten in the shades of death.

Mrs. Clementina Wall, second wife of Major W. K. Wall, was descended, on the father's side of the hou-se, from the Janviers, French Huguenots, who fled from Paris on the night of the 23d of August - St. Bartholomew's Eve - in time of the bloody massacre. Just what time the Janviers, or Januarys, came to Kentucky is not known by any one now in Cynthiana. The men have all been well educated, scholarly gentlemen, and the women very beautiful. Mrs. Wall, in her girlhood, was remarkably beautiful. She inherited intellect from the Janviers, and that grace of manner that belongs to Frenchwomen alone. Her mother was a Miss Marshall, sister to Hon. Humphrey Marshall, historian of the state.

The Marshalls are and have been gifted people. A descendant, as Mrs. Wall was, of two distinguished lines, how could she have failed to be the superior woman she was ?

Major Wall had several young children of his first wife's when he brought home his second wife. She reared them, and three children of her own born after her marriage with Major Wall. To bring up a large family of children is more difficult than to be commonwealth's attorney for twenty years, a legislator, or a soldier in the wars.

Eternal vigilance is the price of many more things as well as of liberty. So much any woman learns who rears a large family, and does her duty. Mrs. Wall died in her seventy-sixth year. In whatever distant realm she now abides, divided from us by the mists and shadows of this lower life, "May she dwell in peace, and may perpetual light shine around her."

Samuel Lamme came to Kentuck}^ in 1797 from Aguila county, Virginia. In 1790, married Nancy Steel, and settled on Licking river about one mile north of what afterward became Cynthiana. As was the custom, he selected a site for a house near a large spring, built a dam, and erected a saw and grist mill on the Licking. The mill soon became of considerable importance to the settlers for many miles round. The temporary dam was soon replaced by a permanent substantial one, which lasted for half a century. Wheat from portions of Bourbon, Scott, and Fayette counties ground at this famous Lamme's mill was hauled in wagons to the mouth of Beaver creek, now Claysville, taken on flat-boats to New Orleans and other cities on the Ohio and Mississip[)i rivers. Mr.

Lamme, in 1820, built his second dwelling-bouse, which stands to this day, a substantial, typical southern house. He was a scholarly gentleman of the old school, a thorough Latin scholar, a civil engineer, and possessed many accomplishments. Some of his surveying instruments are preserved among his descendants. It was his delight to entertain especially ministers of the Presbyterian church, to which he was devotedly attached. Presbytery and Synod were sometimes held at his house. Of the seven children born to him, he chose to control the education of the sons alone, leaving the supervision of the daughters' learning to his wife. On one occasion a teacher called to solicit young lady pupils. Mr. Lamme examined one of his daughters in grammar before the teacher, and when he had finished, Mrs. Lamme said, '' Mary knows enough now to go to work."

Samuel Lamme died in 1825. None of his descendants are living in this county now, but the children and grandchildren of Mary Steel Lamme and her husband. Colonel Alexander Grimes. The oldest son, William Lamme, volunteered m the famous Dick Johnson regiment, and served as clerk of the commissary during the time of service. He was one of the pioneer Santa Fe traders in which he and his partner, Hickman, father-in-law of the late Hon. James Hollins, of Columbia, Missouri, amassed a large fortune.

not named in her father's will, but Samuel, with the consent of his wife, gave her from his share of the estate what would have been hers under an impartial division of her father's property.

In 1829, William Lamme returned to Kentucky and purchased the homestead farm and mill. He had contracted rheumatism in the West and preferred mercantile pursuits to farming. He formed a partnership with William A. Withers, father of J. S. Withers, banker of this place, which partnership continued until his death in 1838. Mr. Lamme had many men in his employ, but said that he never had better boys to work for him than John Renaker and Larkin Garnett, both of whom became prominent of this county. Captain of militia, John Renaker, was the father of Hon. Adam Renaker, late of this town.

The Withers Family. - The Withers, or Wythers, or Withers are of Gorman ancestry. Knights of that name came to England with William the Conqueror. The first of its members of whom there is any authentic record was Sir Thomas Wyther, Knight, who was servant and counselor to Henry, first duke of Lancaster, afterward Henry IV., king of England. This was in a stormy period of English history, about the year 1325, after the Magna Charter, and about the time Robert Bruce became king of Scotland.

About this period the large landed property of Knights Templar was taken from them. The Lancaster party was under suspicion of having shown favor to Robert Bruce. Their fortunes went down with the fall of Lancaster and the Red Rose, and did not rise

" Wither of Mannydown. Bigg- Wither, the Rev. Lovelace of Mannydown, Tangier Park, Hampshire. J. P., born 17th Sept., 1805, married July, 1829, Jemima, fourth daughter of Rev. John Orde by Hon. Frances Charleton his first wife, daughter of Grey, Lord Dorchester. Sir Thomas Wyther, Knight, was banished from England for killing Sir Robert de Holland, but was afterward recalled; left a son, Thomas Wyther, who married and had issue, Thomas, who was servant and steward to the Abbot Whalley E. Lancaster. Having slain Sir Thomas Worseley this Thomas, his two brothers and their families fled into Cheshier and served the abbot of Yale Royal. Robert Wither settled at Mannydown in the parish of St. Lawrence Wotton Hants, toward the close of the reign of Edward the Third, and his descendants have ever since resided there. Gf this family was George Wither, the celebrated poet, who was only son of George Wither, Esq., of Bentworth Hants, second son of Richard Wither, Esq., of Mannydown, who died in 1577."

This pedigree is continued in a direct and unbroken line until we come to James Withers, now chief constable of Bradford, Yorkshire, England, who has written that the names of John, James and William Withers have been known in his family for many generations in Lancashire, England, and that one of the Withers came to England with William the Conqueror from Normandy.

Dorothy Wither, born ISTovember 11, 1661, married, ISTovember 11, 1684, Lovelace Bigg, Esq., of Chilton Folliat, Wiltshire, son of liichard Bigg, Esq., of Hains Hill, Berkshire, by Mary, his second wife, daughter and heir of Timothy Wade, Esq., of London, and dying May, 1717, left with other sons who died single, and six daughters, of whom the eldest, Mary Bigg, was wife of Charles Blackstone and mother of Sir William Blackstone, the famous commentator on the laws.

The list of passengers who came to Jamestown, Virginia, during the sixteenth century contained two Withers. First known record in Virginia is of John Withers, the ancestor of Thomas Withers of Green Meadows, Fauquier county, Virginia. Thomas married and had issue : 1. John Withers, who moved to Gallatin, Tennessee. 2. Matthew Keene, who married Miss Jennings of Fauquier county, Virginia, lived and died there leaving several descendants. William Withers, captain in Revolutionary War, wounded at River Raisin fight, married Patsy Ashby, and moved to Kentucky ; Enoch Keene Withers married Janet Chinn ; Benjamin Withers moved to Kentucky; Sucky married Chichester Chinn of Fauquier county, Virginia ; Sally married Minor Winn ; ]^ancy married Cato West. Captain William Withers settled in Mercer county, Kentucky, succeeded by his son Abijah Withers, died leaving William Withers, now of Millsap, Texas, and Elizabeth Mason, wife of Dr. George Mason, now of Green county, Illinois.

From Benjamin Withers are descended : William A. Withers, late of this tow^n, who was the father of J. S. Withers ; General Temple Withers, of Lexing- ton, and Mrs. Jane Smith, of New York ; Alice Withers, sister of W. A. Withers, married Captain Joseph Boyd, father of the late J. Strother Boyd, Dr. M. W. Boyd and Mrs. Ann Miller, of Paris, Kentacky, and grandmother of Mrs. M. E. Ward, wife of J. Q. Ward, ex-judge of Superior Court of Kentucky. George Withers, now dead some years, was brother to William A. Withers, and has left many descendants in Harrison county.

Colonel Isaac Miller was born in King George county, Virginia, in 1779. In 1803, he married Elizabeth Hawkins, who was born in Prince Charles county, Maryland. He and his wife came here the same year in which they were married. Colonel Miller was the first merchant who ever opened a store in Cynthiana. His store-rooms were erected on the site where Mrs. Fitzpatrick's house now stands, on the other side of Licking, at the foot of the old bridge. When Cynthiana was an infant, ladies were compelled to go shopping in a skiff or cross in a ferryboat to reach Colonel Miller's store. It must have been a perilous undertaking, when the river was at high water mark, to go after a paper of pins! Colonel Miller built the old steam mill, and a company was formed to have cotton spun in it, of which company Colonel Miller was president. He also built the old mill which was for years called Dill's mill. Colonel Miller was cashier of the first bank established here, 1818, and William Morris was president. Early in this century Colonel Miller built the house in which Mr. Spohn now lives, and in 1825 he built a beautiful house on the hill, now owned by Mr. Samuel Ashbrook, and on the same spot where Mr. Ashbrook's new house now stands. This house was a large square structure, of Athenian style, and was the handsomest house in this town for more than fifty years. In this house Colonel Miller and his lovely wife reared their children, and grew old, and were not "ashamed to acknowledge that they were old. Mr. Henry Warfield remembers his grandmother as a handsome old lady, with white hair parted beneath a white lace cap, having long Avhite strings that met beneath the chin. Many people remember Mrs. Miller and the old ladies of her time as the last old ladies of Cynthiana. There are no old women here now. We have a few young women who are approaching seventy, but their hair is banged and frizzed girlishly across their foreheads, and they have put off the allotted time to one hundred and seventy in place of seventy years, as the Bible has it. But Time and Death play havoc among them just as of old.

Colonel Miller and his wife were Presbyterians, and Colonel Miller was the first member of that church who served as elder after its establishment in this town.

Mrs. Miller and her husband were true Christians, full of charity and good feeling toward their fellowmen, and the sweet influence of their lives is felt in Cynthiana to this day. They had seven children : Harriet, who married Thomas Ware; Eglantine, who married Dr. Hodges; Eliza married Mr. Warfield; another daughter married Colonel Brown; another, a Mr. Lampton ; and Sarah married Bev. Carter Page, once of this town, now of Chillicothe, Missouri ; I. N. Miller married Miss McMillan. Hawkins Miller graduated in medicine in 1833, and died that same year of cholera. Mrs. Lampton is the mother of the

Warfields. - The Warfields were prominent people here in the beginning of the town's history. Mr. and Mrs. Warfield had born to them ten children - Rye sons and five daughters. The daughters married, the eldest first. The names of their husbands were Colonel Wm. Brown, Mr. Theobald, Dr. Joel Frazer, Mr. James Coleman - who was a soldier in the War of 1812 and as good a citizen as ever lived in Harrison county. The name of the other daughter's husband can not be found. The sons were Elisha? Benjamin, Lloyd, Nicholas, and Henry - who was the father of Mr. Henry Warfield, grandson of Colonel Miller. Mrs. Warfield lived to a good old age, and died while on a visit to Bryant's Station.

Judge Alexander Keith Marshall McDowell was the son of Samuel McDowell, who married Anna Irvine. He was born in Mercer county, Kentucky, in 1806. He received a collegiate education, and was a fine classical scholar. He was a soldier in the Black Hawk war and in the late civil war. , 'About the time of the surrender, he was chosen probate judge of Marengo county, Alabama." Space forbids that his genealogy be traced back to its source - through statesmen, scholars, and men at arms in Scotland, where hundreds of years ago his ancestors, in battle, were a terror to their foes. Time nor space shall prevent it being said of Judge McDowell, that he was the best one of his name that ever lived. So the people of Cynthiana believe, and they knew him well.

falls in the defense of his country that is the bravest man; it is he who wins many victories - in the great battle of life - in defense of the right, the helpless and suffering poor, who should be covered with glory at the day's decline, as was Judge McDowell. To his descendants he has bequeathed a legacy of far more worth than the long line of ancestry from which he came, or the armorial bearings that would have been carved above his place of repose, had he died in Scotland, and that legacy is a spotless name carved on his tomb, Resurgam^ for he was a true Christian.

William Magee, who married Lucinda Love, came from Virginia in the year 1815, bringing with him his children - Thomas, Harrison, William, Baird, and Mary Magee - the children of his first wife. He settled on the banks of Licking river, near Poindexter's station, on a claim latterly known as the William Lake farm. This farm contained about two hundred acres. The children born to William Magee in this state were John L., Robertson, Samuel Love, and a daughter who died young. Mr. Magee was a man of wealth, and was a good financier. He brought many slaves with him from Virginia to this county, among whom was Moses, the famous story teller. William Magee died in 1847, and his wife in 1863. The only descendants of William and Lucinda Magee now living in this county are : Hon. W. M. Moore, speaker of the house of representatives; H. M. Magee; Simon, Edward, Harrison, and Kate Magee, who married a Mr. Case. Harrison Magee died in 1867i John L. Magee, merchant of this town at one time, in 1889. Macalla Magee, a soldier in the civil war on the Federal side, resides in this town. He has not turned

^'Annals of the Frazier Family. - (Copied.) - In the fall of 1877, meeting a gentleman by the name of Fraser on the cars, then a stranger to me, and speaking of the difference in the orthography of our names, it transpired in the conversation that the ancestors of each had come from Massachusetts, and that we both had the tradition in our respective families that our name had once been Frizzle ; further that we were of Scotch lineage ; that the name in Scotland was Fraser, and had been changed for prudential reasons to Frizzle by a Scotch ancestor, who had emigrated to Massachusetts, then an English colony, and who had fled from some political persecution or embarrassment at home by reasons of unhappy relations that had existed at that remote time between the English people and the Scotch."

An old family tradition recites that in the distant age of Charles the Simple, a. d. 912, a nobleman of Bourbon, by name Julian De Berry, presented that monarch with some very fine strawberries, and so much to his majesty's satisfaction that he was knighted when in an assemblage of nobles, and the surname Fraize substituted for De Berry. Anderson's history of the family Fraser, published in London and Edinburg, 1825, says : " Experiencing different modifications, the name of old was indiscriminately written Fraizeau and Frisil. In our ancient records, we find the clan styled Fresal or Fraser." When it is understood that in the French language a strawberry is called a fraise or fraize, and that, according to analogy,

The first of the surname of Frazer in Scotland was undoubtedly of Gorman (French) origin, and, it is not improbable, came over with William the Conqueror. The first of the name in Scotland is understood to have settled there in the reign of Malcom Canmore (a. d. 1095), when surnames first began to be used, although the Frasers afterward became a powerful and numerous clan in Inverness-shire ; their earliest settlements were in East Lothian and Tweeddale.

James Frissel, ancestor of the Frasers of Kentuckv, a young man of twenty-six years, settled in Massachusetts at about the time of the arrival of the political prisoners mentioned as having been captured by Cromwell at the battle of Worcester in September, 1651.

The name has had a wide distribution since the Frasers came to this country. There is a post-ofiice named Fraser in each of the states of Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and Kentucky ; a Frazier post-ofiice in both Missouri and California, while Frazier's Bottom is a post-ofiice in West Virginia, and there is a Frazier street in Chicago. From the same lineage are descended Dr. Joel Fraser, James Fraser, father of 'N. W. Fraser of this town, and others of the same name in this and other states.

-D?\ Gavi?) Morrison was born in Pennsylvania, near Cannonsburg, and was of Scotch-Irish descent, a Presbyterian, and a man of learning, having graduated at Princeton, N^ew Jersey, in law, medicine, and theology. About the middle of the last century, he married Hannah Rankins, of Fairfax county, Virginia, and returned with her to Pennsylvania, where they lived until six of their children were born. They then removed to Pittsburg (or Fort Pitt), w^here they remained a year making preparations to emigrate to Kentucky. Dr. Morrison had a flat-boat built large enough to hold his family and eight slaves, farming implements, and stock, and when it was completed, he and all belonging to him went on board and the boat was directed toward the wilderness of Kentucky.

After weary days and nights of slow travel, they landed at Maysville, and made their way in wagons, with the negroes driving the stock before them, to Cynthiana. Dr. Morrison lived in a log-house on the lower part of Pleasant street until he could build the large brick house, once the property of J. S. Boyd, now belonging to li. M. Collier. He went to Philadelphia to procure workmen to erect the building and burn the brick. The house was in the course of erection for four years, and was completed about the year 1800. Then Dr. Morrison gave a barbecue, the like of which had never been seen in this part of the countr}^ before. The people came from far and near, and the fame of that house-warming has descended from father to son in this town. Dr. Morrison made several trips to Philadelphia, notwithstanding the perils of that early day. Below is an extract from a letter that will throw some light on the slave trade. Slave traders, like hangmen, have been ever despised, although in the long run the slave trader was a benefactor to the captives he decoyed and cruelly separated forever from their native land.

Extract from a letter loritten hy Mrs. Worden^ of St. Louis, Mo. - "Great-grandfather Gavin Morrison l3rought eight negro slaves with him when he came to Kentucky. After a few years, he returned to Philadelphia and bought two Guinea negroes off of a slave ship that had just come in. They were brought to Cynthiana in the clothes they wore when captured. The girl had on a short, loose garment, and was girdled about waist, neck, and wrists, with singular looking beads. The boy had on nothing but a breechclout. The girl seemed superior to the boy in every way. She called the boy Yakob, and he called her Lioo. When they had learned to talk, they told how they were enticed away. The slave traders came when they were minding the rabbits off of the pea patch. They saw the white men coming and hid themselves in the pea vines. The white men came near their hiding-place and displayed beads and trinkets. They came out to look at them, and were captured and taken to the ship. They said the traders filled the ship before they left Guinea. Yakob and Li65 were a source of amusement to the other slaves, who were so much in advance of them in civilization, and one day they tore Lioo's beads from her waist. She prostrated herself on the earth, and refused to rise until they were restored. They had learned a few English words by the time -the first snow fell after their arrival, and they yelled salt and gathered it in their hands. When it melted they were frightened. It was the same way about the first ice they found and tried to warm. When it rained, the boy took off the clothes his master had given him, and made signs that he did not want them to

The Bankin Women. - Dr. Gavin Morrison married Hannah Eankin, Captain Hays married Letty, David Blackburn married Jenny, and General Crawford, of Revolutionary fame, married Ann Rankin, and another married a Roberts. They all seem to have been remarkable women. David Blackburn was a Tory, and was in the prison-ships off Charleston Harbor in time of the Revolution. David Rankin, great-great-grandfather to the children of Perry Wherritt, of this town, went with Jenny Blackburn, his daughter, to Charleston, and remained there a year trying to effect Blackburn's release. When the war was over David Blackburn and his wife came to Kentucky where they lived and died.

The progenitor of the Kentucky Morrisons was at the seige of Londonderry, 1689, and made one of the seven thousand Protestants behind the weak walls of that town who cried, " ^o surrender," when the men were dying of hunger around them.

Felix Grundy Askhrook married Elizabeth Todd, and came here at the time this county was being settled. They had three sons, Felix, Thomas and Samuel ; four daughters, Jane, Cassandra, Martha and Elizabeth. Felix married Elizabeth King; Thomas, Artemesia Bellas ; Samuel, Susan Robertson. Jane married Larkin Garnett ; Cassandra, William Lake ; Martha, Andrew Garnett, and the first husband of Elizabeth was a Mr. Remington, the last Lawson Oxley. Mr. Ashbrook came from Maryland. The men of the family have been prominent and prosperous citizens of this town and county, and the women have been distinguished for their Christian charity. The Garnetts came from Virginia. Like the Ashbrooks they have been good and prosperous citizens. There is no one who can tell any thing about the history of the family ; but the members of it who have resided in this town and county must have descended from good stock, if you "judge the tree by its fruits."

Charles T. Wilson. - Henry Wilson, the grandfather of C. T. Wilson, is mentioned in the "Biography of E. W. Stone." Says Stone : " In the fall of 1797, I left Caneridge for Georgia, in company with Henry Wilson, who led a horse packed with silver, and was going to Virginia on land business. Having repaired to the house rendezvous for travelers at the Crab Orchard, we learned that a company had just left that place, just two hours before, with intention to camp at the Hazlepatch that night. We instantly followed at a quick pace, determined to ride late and overtake them. About ten o'clock, we came to the Hazlepatch, but, to our distress, we found no one there. My companion being an early settler of Kentucky, and often engaged in war with the Indians, advised to turn off the road some distance, and encamp till day. Having kindled a fire, supped and hobbled our horses, and prayed together, we laid down in our blankets to rest. But we were soon aroused from slumbers by the snorting and running off of our horses. We sprang up, and saw afire about one hundred and fifty yards below us, and in a moment it was pulled asunder; as quickly did my companion pull ours apart also. He whispered to me : ' They are Indians after our horses.' We lay down again, not to sleep, but to consult the best method of escape. We soon distinctly heard an In- dian cautiously walking on the dry leaves toward our camp, about fifty yards off. Fearing he might shoot us in our blankets, without noise we crept into the bushes. A short time after, we heard the Indian walk off in the same cautious manner. We concealed the bag of money, and most valuable goods, and hung up our blankets and bags of provisions over our camp, and cautiously went toward the course our horses had gone. When it was day, we found their trace, and overtook them about eight o'clock, and rode back very watchfully to our camp. When we came near it, we with difficulty compelled our horses to advance, they frequently snorting and wheeling back. We every moment expected to be fired upon, but were mercifully preserved. We packed up very quickly, and swiftly pursued the company, and later in the day came up with them. They informed us that when they came to Hazlepatch, the evening before, they found a camp of white people, just before defeated, several lying dead and mangled in Indian style ; they pushed forward, and traveled late at night. We clearly saw the kind hand of God in delivering us. Information received from a Bourbon county man.

" Mr. Charles Wilson's father was a merchant of Paris, Kentucky, and, when the first bank was established there, he brought $40,000 from Philadelphia, in a box that he used as a footstool, and came home by stage route. He was empowered to bring this money by the bank authorities, and not required to give bond to them for this large amount of specie. His honesty was a sufficient guaranty."

tied Hinkstoii Station in April, 1775. He was in command of it when Simon Girty and his Indian followers attacked it. Colonel Hinkston defended the station until his ammunition was exhausted, and then was forced to surrender - to the renegade Girty! He exacted a promise from him, before he gave himself up, that the men, women, and children should be allowed to remain in the fort in safety. The promise was given by Girty, and Colonel Hinkston was taken as a prisoner to the ''bi'oad ford," two miles north of Colemansville. That night the Indians put their arms stacked, and their prisoners. Colonel Hinkston and a young girl, in the center of a circle the inner circumference of which was described by their heads lying side by side, and their feet describing an outer circle or penumbra, for their heads were gayly decorated with war paint and feathers, and their feet were bare and seen dimly in the starlight.

In the night the young girl cut the bonds that bound Colonel Hinkston, hand and foot, and he seized his gun, sprang across the narrowest part of the hnman circle, and made for the river and jumped into it and swam safely across it amid bullets striking the water all around him. As soon as he had crawled up the bank, he entered a thicket, and after some time he found a large. fallen tree that was hollow. Into that he crept to await developments. There w^as a dense fog along the Licking the next morning, but the Indians were on the trail. He heard turkeys gobble in every direction, but he did not leave his retreat, for he knew the Indians were imitating the familiar sound of the then wild fowls. When night came down, he made his way to Hinkston Station and

From Colonel John Hinkston his descendants inherited thousands of acres of land. Thomas Hinkston, his grandson, has, however, amassed his own fortune, none of that large tract of land which belonged to his grandfather having descended to him.

Michael Smithy great grandfather of Prof. N. F. Smith and Dr. Benjamin Smith, of Cynthiana, was a Revolutionary soldier, and suflered many hardships on the march in the winter camps, in the prison ships at Philadelphia, and in every way that a brave soldier could suffer. When the war was ended and he was returning home, he and many others were poisoned by a tory Avonian, who served coffee for them at some house where they stopped to refresh themselves, Michael Smith, by his knowledge of medicine, saved his own life and pursued his journey home. His marriage was romantic. When Chillicothe, Ohio, was taken by Indians, Michael Smith was there, and he and a number of men and one young girl of fifteen years were made prisoners. They were marched to Detroit from Chillicothe, and this young girl was forced by her captors to carry a large iron kettle on her head the whole of the long journey. When they were released, having been prisoners a year, and about to return to their homes, the young girl said that all her people had been killed at Chillicothe, Ohio, by the Indians, and that she had no home. She refused to accompany the men to the white settlements, and said that she would try to get work in Detroit. Michael Smith read between her words that a sense of the proprieties kept her from accompanying so many men, with no other females to keep her company on the long and dangerous march. So he proposed to marry the pretty little girl of sixteen, and she accepted him. They were married on the eve of their departure from Detroit; and their wedding journey was made on foot through the wilderness amid the dangers of that early day.

Michael Smith was born in 1764, and lived to be almost one hundred years old. He lies buried on what was once the old Martin Smith farm. He was always a Democrat, and managed, when he was infirm and old, to hobble to the polls leaning on a staff about five feet long that might serve as a weapon of offense or defense as the case required.

In 1833 General Lucius Desha attained his majority, and cast his first vote - for whom it is not now known - but he was a Democrat, as was Michael Smith. He stood aside when he saw the old Revolutionary soldier approaching the polls and let him vote before him. A young springall of a Whig jumped up and cracked his heels together and said : " Watch me kill that old Democrat's vote." Michael Smith raised his long staff and brought it down on the youth's head before he had time to vote, and he fell sprawling. No one took up the youth. He gathered himself together and sneaked ofi* without any noise. Prof. Franklin Smith, his great-grandson, was a Confederate soldier, and as brave as any body in the army. He is now professor of a private school here, and is considered, hy far, the best mathematician that ever taught in this town. He has prepared several young men for Yale and other colleges, who have won distinction. His great-grandfather, Michael Smith, was with McCol- lough, and perhaps saw that daring man make his wild leap over the crag in Virginia. It is no wonder that Prof. Smith is able to drill the youth of Cynthiana, since the line from which he came is known.

Captain John Hamilton was born in York county, Pennsylvania, November 22, 1767. Says John Hamilton, in an old record kept by him, and now in the possession of Elizabeth Smith, his granddaughter: "At that time, 1777, tea and coffee were not used ; beef, beef soup, milk and barley bread Avere the principal diet." It is also gathered from this record that feather beds were unknown to the pioneers of Pennsylvania, and that straw beds and chaff pillows were soft enough for them. Children were ten or twelve years old before they had hats or shoes. Consumption was not among the people at that time. A man's word was his only bond for any thing he might owe, and he seldom failed to keep it. Mr. Hamilton was twenty years old before he ever saw a physician or knew what ,the word meant. He also remembered when his kinsman, Hans Hamilton, bought, from a slave ship, twenty Guinea negroes at £20 per head. Hans Hamilton and his slaves killed an immense bear near their home, which was Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, where they were plentiful at that time. Captain Hamilton came to Kentucky in the autumn of 1787 ; settled in Fayette county ; removed to Bourbon county the winter that Paris, Kentucky, was laid off* as a town - Bourbon and Harrison were one at that time. He remained here until the Whisky Insurrection in Pennsylvania, which was in 1794, and then he ventured to that state, and brought his " worm and still " to Hinkston Station, and was the first man, in Kentucky, to make copper distilled whisky. The first Masonic Lodge was held in an up-stairs room of his " still " house. Captain Hamilton was never a Mason, but believed to the day of his death that, to be initiated into the Masonic Lodge, one must ride the goat and climb the " greasy pole." William Hamilton and Mary, his wife, parents of Captain John Hamilton, had eight children, none of whom died under eighty years of age.

Captain Hamilton married Rachel Cook, of Virginia. The children born to them were, Margaret, Mary, Sarah, ^N^ancy, Septimus, John and Caroline. John Hamilton was a captain in the War of 1812, and commanded a company of mounted riflemen under General Hopkins. The record of Captain Hamilton ends in these words : '^ I have never been intoxicated in my life, but have sold thousands of gallons of whisky; never belonged to any religious sect ; never took an obligation to keep a secret ; never belonged to any secret grder. I believe in one God, maker and preserver of all things, and by whom I exist, and by whose order I shall pass from this life, but where 1 know noty He passed to that " undiscovered country," September 25, 1863, in the 97th year of his age.

The Reiiakers. - Adam Renaker was born near Hagerstown, Maryland, about the year 1772, and came to Kentucky about the year 1796. On his journey here, he married a handsome widow, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Lemon. They settled on the waters of Twin creek. They had born to them ^yq sons and one daughter. The daughter married Joseph Jewett, of Grant county, Kentucky. The names of the sons are John, Jacob, Paul, George, and l^oah. Each of the above-named sons of Adam Renaker married and brought up large families, and their children married and reared a numerous progeny ; so that the Henaker family is one of the largest and best known families of this state. Many of the name live in other states, but, as far as the name goes, prosperity and thrift, honesty and perseverance follow it. Men and women can not do as much for their country in any other way as by rearing and educating large families. B. C. 884, lived Lycurgus ; he forced parents to train their children in such a way as to be a benefit to the state, " and produced a system which gave rise to all the magnanimity, fortitude, and intrepidity which distinguished the Lacedaemonians."

The Schmischers or Smisers. - From George Schmischer, born in Germany, are descended the Smisers of this town and those of Eates county, Missouri. George Smiser, son of George Smiser, came from Germany years before the Revolution and located in Pennsylvania. When the battle of Lexington was fought, and the Revolution was under way, he joined the Patriots, and fought through the war. After its close, he came to Hinkston's Station, and married a sister of Charles Lair. She died, and he married another sister. At her death, he married their cousin, a Miss Lair, of Lincoln county, Kentucky. The sons born to him of these marriages were Samuel, Milton, George, Darius, and William ; the daughters, Elizabeth, Catherine, Mary, and Celia.

Darius, son of George Smiser, married Louisa Smith, daughter of Michael Smith, and their children are Dr. John H., James W., and Samuel H. Louisa Smith died, and Darius Smiser married a Miss Howe. Their children are Benjamin, Hubbard, Charles, Henry, Franklin, and Edward ; Mary is the only daughter of the family. Darius Smiser and his family reside in Bates county, Missouri - all, except Dr. John H. Smiser and his brothers, James and Edward, who are residents of this town. German blood is the balancewheel that is needed in America. The German citizens of this county, who have descended from educated people, rear good and obedient children, who become scholars, if they have half training, and they invariably make a living where a pure American would starve. German blood is slow to run out. The Smisers of to-day bear the marks and traits of character that distinguished their forefathers.

T. J. Megibhen. - From the annals of the McGinness family the following is copied : The maternal grandmother of T. J. Megibben and James Megibben, his brother, was Elizabeth McGinness, who was born, 1793, in Staunton, Virginia; married Jeremiah Gelvin, 1810. Emily Gelvin, daughter of Jeremiah and Elizabeth Gelvin, married. May 20, 1830, William Megibben, who was born in Pennsylvania, June 4, 1808. The subject of this sketch was born March 28, 1831. He married, near Cynthiana, Elizabeth J. David, born near Indianapolis, Indiana, February 2, 1833. From the annals of the McGinness family, it is learned that the McGinnesses date back to the kings of Ulster - not to the time of them, but to them. It is not mentioned in these annals, however, that T. J. Megibben and his Christian wife reared and educated many orphans, who bless them to-day. Such an item is of more worth than a line of ancestry that can be traced to kings of any country.

The Broadwells. - Asbury Broad well married Mary E. McMillen. He was born in Harrison county. May 29, 1791, and died December 11, 1843. He was a merchant and grew immensely rich ; yet he was a charitable man, ever ready to help any one who was willing to help himself. He was the uncle of Mrs.

Mary Broadwell. Asbury Broadwell reared a family of three sons and one daughter. Dr. Broadwell, a very talented man, died without issue. Mrs. Finley left three daughters at her death. Marcus Broadwell died 1870, and left three sons and four daughters. Ewing Broadwell, son of Marcus, died since his father. William and Fred, are still alive, and the daughters are now residents of this town. Mary married Jack Desha; Martha, John K. Lake; Katherine, Mr. Sprake ; and Bessie is unmarried. Joseph Broadwell married early in life and died young.

General Lucius B. Desha. - At the revocation of the Edict of I^antes, in 1685, the ancestors of General Lucius Desha fled to Wales. They were French Huguenots. Says history : " Henry lY. did an act of justice to the Calvinists, by whose aid he had secured the scepter, in granting the famous Edict of I^antes, by which he tolerated them, as well as all his subjects, in the unfettered exercise of their religion." Louis XI Y. revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685. Says the same author : " The toleration which was granted to Protestants by Henry IV. was taken away, their worship suppressed, their churches demoHshed, their ministers exiled. By this measure, the kingdom lost 800,000 of her best citizens, who perished or were driven into exile."

It was then that the Deshas fled to Wales. From Wales, some of the name came to Pennsylvania, and from there to Tennessee, at a very early day.

General Desha's father was named Joseph Desha, and he was governor of Kentucky. Joseph Desha's father and grandfather were both named Eobert Desha. Governor Desha was a general in the War of 1812, and commanded at the " Battle of the Thames." Robert Desha, grandfather of Governor Desha, married Eleanor Wheeler, of Pennsylvania. Eleanor Wheeler's father was General Joseph Wheeler, of Revolutionary fame. The wife of General Wheeler was Maria Holmes, of Massachusetts. Governor Desha married Peggy Bledsoe, daughter of Isaac and Katherine Bledsoe, and granddaughter of John Montgomery, Sr. It was Katherine Bledsoe, grandmother of General Desha, who carried dispatches to Washington's army in times of the Revolution. She rode on horseback and alone to do this service for her country. Some time before she reached General Greene's head-quarters, she met a British officer, who said : '^ Madame, are you not afraid to ride alone in this perilous time?" " ^N'o," said she. "I go to carry a message to a sick friend." She passed on and delivered the dispatches. By sick friend she meant her distressed country.

gree, the traits of character that made his ancestry distinguished, exalted principles of honor, fearlessness in the discharge of his every duty, courtesy to his equals, and extreme gentleness of manner to the deserving poor. He was distinguished for hospitality. He was a magnificent man in appearance ; even in old age, when he rode on horseback through the streets of Cynthiana, one could not but think just so, a hundred years ago, rode some monseigneur through the streets of Paris, the proudest city that belongs to the fatherland of the Deshas. The children who survive Greneral Desha are Mrs. Ada Lucas, Mrs. Ann Lucas, of Paris, Kentucky, Mrs. Frances DufFey, Judge Lucius Desha, Jack Desha, and Claude Desha, and Captain Jo Desha heretofore mentioned.

The Shaivhans. - Daniel Shawhan was the first one of the name to come to Kentucky. He came here from Pennsylvania and settled near Mt. Carmel, Bourbon county. His son, Joseph Shawhan, was ten years old when his father died, Joseph having been born in the year 1781. Daniel Shawhan lies buried in the Ruddle's Mills old burying-ground. Joseph Shawhan was of Scotch-Irish descent, and the strong characteristics of that mighty race of people were developed in him to a remarkable degree. He was in every way fitted to do battle with the dangers of the wilderness, and accumulated an immense fortune before he had reached old age. While yet young, he married Sarah Ewalt, and they had seven children born to them. The names of the sons are Henry, Daniel, John, and William. John Shawhan - Captain John, as he is still called by persons who knew him well - was a soldier in the Confederate army, and was pro- moted to colonel for gallantry on many a hard contested field. Just where he fell and when can not be ascertained, but when he met his death, no braver soldier than he remained to fall. His brother, Henry E. Shawhan, married Mary Varnon, and their children were John, Joseph, and Hubbard. Joseph was a Confederate soldier and fought until 1863, when he was stricken by a malignant fever in the mountains of Kentucky, where he died. His young brother, Hubbard, as soon as he heard of his death, took a wagon and went through all the dangers of an invaded countr}^ and through mountain passes that might have appalled a veteran, and found and brought home his body -

Hubbard Shawhan married Anna Hoggins, and died early, leaving one child, a son, named Hubbard Warfield. Hubbard Warfield Shawhan married Helen Musselman, and has one child named Hubbard William Shawhan. Hubbard Warfield Shawhan and his son are the only male descendants of the Shawhan name of that branch of the family now alive. Henry E. Shawhan, after the death of Mary, his first wife, married the widow Pugh. Their children were Minnie, who died young and unmarried, Mrs. Lyne, Mrs. May, Mrs. Drain, and Henry, all of whom are dead. Mrs. Halladay, daughter of Henry E. Shawhan and Mary Varnon Shawhan, is the only one of the family now living. She has two children, Hubbard and Mrs. Dr. Higgins Smith. Joseph Shawhan, son of Daniel Shawhan, the first Shawhan that came to Kentucky, was thrown from a horse in 1871, and died from the effects of the fall. At the time of his death, he was as active as a young man, and all the powers of his mind were as vigorous as they had been in his youth. September seemed to have been a fateful month for him ; he was born in September, married in September ; his wife died in that month, as did he also. It has been said of him by his contemporaries that he had a most remarkable memory, and that he never forgot the slightest appointment he made nor the least thing he had promised to do. Such a man as he will always leave the impress of his strong character on the people with whom he lives, and there is no doubt that he and his son, Henry E. Shawhan, have been potent instruments in making Harrison county such as it is, and as good as any in the state.

The Pattersons came to this country about the timethe McDowells, the Mitchells, and the Irvines came^ They are descendants of Scotch-Irish forefathers.

Joseph Patterson married Hannah Todd, w^hose father was at the battle of the Blue Licks. The Pattersons have been good and prosperous citizens in time of peace and brave soldiers in time of war. What more can be said ? This : That they have, when they^ professed friendship, been faithful and true :

The sons of Joseph and Hannah Patterson are James^ Samuel, Levi, Noah and Joseph ; the daughters, Mrs. Keen and Mrs. Hubbard Frazer and another daughter, Mrs. Mary Offutt.

of a long line of ancestry, as reference to the book of Heraldry will show. The immediate ancestors of Green np Remington came to Kentucky at a very early period, and rank among the pioneer families of the state. Greenup Remington's first wife was a Miss Hamilton, daughter of Captain John Hamilton. The children of his first marriage are Mrs. Elizabeth Smith, Mrs. Caroline Taylor, Mrs. Oder and F. T. Remington, of Paris, Kentucky. Mr. Remington's first wife died and he married Elizabeth Clay McChesney, a young widow. She belonged to the family of Henry Clay, the first orator of this state. The grandfather of Elizabeth Clay Remington, John Clay, and the grandfather of Henry Clay being first cousins. Elizabeth Clay Remington was one of the best Christians that ever lived ; her whole life was spent in the service of God. The children of Greenup and Elizabeth C. Remington are Mrs. Deadmon, Mrs. J. S. Withers, Mrs. Eliza McChesney and J. A. Remington, merchant of this town.

The Wards. - Years before the "Declaration of Independence," seven Ward brothers came from England to America. They were all soldiers in the war of the Revolution. Artemus and Andrew are the only names out of the seven that remain in the memories of their descendants in this country. History attests the valor of Artemus Ward. Andrew Ward, his brother, married a Miss Stevenson, of Scotch-Irish descent. The children of Andrew Ward were John, George, Andrew and James. Andrew, son of Andrew, married Elizabeth Headington, daughter of Zebulon Headington, whose wife was an English woman who came to Maryland with Lord Baltimore. The children were

Lamira, Paulina, Ellen, Washington, John, Zehulon and Hon. A. H. Ward, of this place. Zebulon and A. H. Ward are the only survivors of their large family. The Andersons. - William Anderson, a Scotchman and colonel in the Revolutionary War, married a. daughter of Colonel Hinkston, and came to Kentucky about the year 1784. His wife died, and he married Miss Miller. Eight children w^ere born to them. One of their sons, John Miller Anderson, married the young widow of a Mr. Falconer, whose maiden name was Helena Pope. Helena Falconer had one child, Mary, when she married Mr. Anderson, who afterward became Mrs. Hoffman, of this town. The children of Helena and John M. Anderson were Hugh Miller and Pugh Miller - twin sons - Thomas William, Robert,. A. Keller, Mrs. Robinson, Mrs. Thomas and Orra. Robert was killed while fighting bravely in the Confederate army at Chickamauga. A. Keller Anderson was captain in the same army ; he is now brigadiergeneral in the standing army of Tennessee. June, 1892, he and his men were ordered to quell a riot in a miners' camp at Coal Creek. He built a block-house in sight of the Coal Creek camp, and in place of sending one of his men among the dangerous rioters he took a flag of truce and went himself. He did not return that night nor the next morning, and hi& men began to suspect that the miners had failed to respect the flag of truce, and that their general was perhaps murdered. They began to shell the camp, and General Anderson escaped just after his trial waa ended and he had been sentenced to be hanged. Theminers had offered him his life and liberty if he would surrender his men and the block-house to them. On his refusal to comply they passed the death sentence. He inherited his courage from his mother, who was as brave a woman as ever lived, and as true a soldier of the cross as ever followed Christ.

The Lairs. - Years before the Revolution, there came to this country, from Germany, Mathias Lair, or Leber, as they were named in their native land. He had six sons, all of whom were Kevoluntionary soldiers. Their names were Mathias, Andrew, Joseph, -Charles, and William, who was killed in Greene's retreat from South Carolina, and John, who was at Harmar's defeat. Charles married a Miss Anderson. John married Miss Custer, of Rockingham county, Virginia. He was in the War of 1812. Wesley Lair, son of John Lair, married Catherine Smiser. Hon. A. H.Wood married Helen, daughter of Wesley Lair. Mathias, grandfather of the venerable I^ewton Lair, of Harrison county, was a captain in the Revolution and witnessed the surrender of Cornwallis. When he received his pay, in Continental scrip, he paid $600 for a pair of boots and silver cuff buttons. Newton Lair, at the age of eighty-six years, is still a remarkable conversationalist, and is the most reliable historian in this county.

The Givens family is of Scotch-Lnsh descent, and -came first to Virginia, from what part of Ireland is not known. George Givens, grandfather of George Givens, of this town, came to Bourbon county, and built a house on Silas creek, which is part of the division line between Harrison and Bourbon. Samuel Lamme had come to Kentucky at the same time George Givens came, and built a house in Harrison county, on Silas creek. They had been old friends

Alexander Givens, son of George Givens, married Mary Larame, daughter of Samuel Lamme. Their children were George, Samuel, William, David, and James; the daughters - Nancy married her cousin, Alexander Givens ; Isabella married William Steele ; Margaret, Richard Jamison ; and Mary married Mr. Frizell, of Dayton, Ohio ; Lavinia is unmarried. John Givens, brother to George Givens's grandfather, represented his county twice in the legislature.

The only male descendant of this branch of the family bearing the name Givens is D. L. Givens, M.D., son of David Givens and his wife, Margaret (Keller) Givens.

" Joseph Peck, the emigrant ancestor of the Pecks of this country, known as the Massachusetts Pecks, a numerous and extensive race, scattered throughout the United States, its territories, the British provinces, and the Canadas, emigrated to this country in 1638, from Hingham, Norfolk county, England."

Joseph Peck was a descendant of officers in the English array, scliolars, bishops of the Established Church, and dignitaries of the Establishment. That he was a descendant of a long and noble line his annals prove, and his coat-of-arms, which bears supporters. From him descended John Peck, officer in the War of the Pevolution, and his son, Hiram Peck, who was a soldier in the War of 1812. John W. Peck, of this town, is a son of Hiram Peck, above mentioned, and was born in Parishville, St. Lawrence county, New York, in 1819. The mother of John W. Peck was Wealthy (Kilburn) Peck, who came of an old Puritan family. John W. Peck came to Kentucky in 1840, and to Cynthiana in 1845, where he has since resided until the present time. His capital to begin life upon when he came to this town was a good education, sterling integrity, and indomitable energy. He has been a benefactor to the poor of this place, having given employment to them in mills, factories, and dry goods stores. He was for years president of The Farmers Bank of Cynthiana. In all and every capacity of business he has undertaken, he has never kept a grindstone in his office for the poor men whom he employed, although he has always been a great financier. In old age he has retired from active life, and is able to indulge the scholarly tastes acquired in his youth. Mr. Peck is a member of the Episcopalian Church, as were all his ancestors. John W. Peck married Nancy J. Veach. Her father was David Veach, who married Mary Broadwell. David Veach was a son of Thomas Veach, who came here from Scotland at an early day. The Broad wells came here from New Jersey, and settled on lands about three miles from this place. They were of English ancestry.

Addams Family. - William Addams, great-greatgrandfather of the subject of this sketch, came from England with his two brothers, James and Stephen, sometime in the beginning of the eighteenth century. William Addams settled in what is now Adams county, Pennsylvania ; James, in Lancaster county, and Stephen went to Massachusetts. The children of William Addams were William, James, Stephen, Isaac,

Samuel, and John. William Addams, son of William Addams, grandfather of William Addams of this town, married, and removed to Warrentown, Virginia. The names of his children were Kezia, Dr. Abram Addams, James, George, William, and John. John Addams was born, 1820, at Warrentown, Virginia, and is the father of William Addams of this place. His mother died when he was very young, and his father died when he was eleven years old. He then became a member of his uncle Isaac Addams's family, and was reared at Glen Addams, Pennsylvania ^ educated at Lafayette College, in that state, while Dr. George Jenkins was president of that institution. Isaac Addams married a Miss Quigley. John Addams was graduated in 1839; came to Cynthiana in 1841; married Lucy Culpepper Logan in 1849, who is descended from Revolutionary grandsires. The children of John Addams and Lucy C. Logan are William; Elizabeth, wife of Judge Lucius Desha, of Newport, Kentucky; Mrs. Mary Bain; Nannie, widow of Prof. W. H. Lockhart; and Lucy, who died young and unmarried. William Addams married the daughter of Cyrus Cooke. Their children are Urilla, Elizabeth, Cora, Cyrus, Puth, Anna May, and Lucy Logau. The wife of John Addams died in 1861, and he in 1869. William Addams was left an orphan, with the care of his young sisters to begin life with. He said, the day his father was buried, in the presence of his kinsfolk, who were wondering what would become of the five helpless orphans, " Never fear for my sisters ; they shall not want while I am alive." They never did want. His father left about $2,500 to be divided among them, but William gave his part to his sisters, and since that time he has risen to be one of the first business men of this town. He is a Christian gentleman. "When thy father and thy mother forsake thee, the Lord will take thee up."

Dr. T. H. Hood. - The grandfather of Dr. T. H. Hood was Lucas Andrew Hood, who married Miss WiUis, daughter of Shaderick Wilhs, Presbyterian minister of Charlottsville, Virginia. He came to Kentucky during Daniel Boone's time ; was in the " Battle of Blue Licks" with Boone and others, and in all the engagements with the Lidians that were of any importance for years. The sons of Lucas Andrew Hood were Dr. William S. Hood and Dr. Andrew Hood, of Olark county, who represented that county in the constitutional convention in '49 or '51. The son of Dr. Andrew Hood was a member of the same convention from Grayson county, Kentucky. The other brother, Dr. John Hood, lived in Montgomery county, Kentucky, and practiced medicine there and in the adjoining counties. He was the father of General J. B. Hood, well-known commander in the Confederate iirmy. Dr. William S. Hood, father of Dr. T. H. Hood of this place, married Mary Ann Smith, daughter of Nelson Smith, of Scott county, and sister of the late D. Howard Smith, auditor of this state. Through his mother he is related to the Yileys, Rhodes, Bullocks^ Johnsons, Dudleys, and many other distinguished families of Kentucky, Dr. T. H. Hood's maternal grandmother was Sallie Kerr, daughter of Captain David Kerr, a soldier in the Kevolutionary War. He was a Scotchman, who lived at Charlottesville, Virginia.

Captain Joe Desha. - It seems that the present generation beUeves that it is in as bad taste to praise the hving as to revile the dead. Time, however, will make the records of living men take rank with those of the dead, and the matter of good taste will be settled. If a man's history be not written in his own day and generation, the incidents and good deeds of his life will be warped and changed, and many of them forgotten, when thirty years later some man attempts to make history out of them.

Captain Desha will give no account of his war record while he served in the Confederate army, but his private life is well known to Kentuckians far and near. His military bearing passes for haughtiness with those not acquainted with him; but the widows and orphans of his comrades in arms tell another story. They say that he is the kindest, gentlest friend the helpless ever had. In appearance he is remarkable. Sixty years have left his face unwrinkled and his tall form as straight as an arrow. He has regular features, brown curling hair and beard that time has forgotten to frost. A stranger would hesitate to say whether he were thirty-five or forty years of age, but he would know the color of his eyes. But, with this physique of which any man might be proud, it is doubtful whether Captain Desha has looked in the glass for forty years or that he knows the color of his own hair and when it should be trimmed. But he has a wife, has this captain, who rates his appearance as she thinks fitting, and makes

"At Murfreesboro, an incident occurred which exhibited, in a strong light, the metal of which Captain Desha was made. On Thursday afternoon, January 1, 1863, exposed to the fire of the enemy directed at Cobb, he was struck across the side of the head with a six pound shot, which cut an ugly gash and knocked him senseless. He was carried to the field hospital, all who saw him fall regarding him as killed outright or mortally wounded. About nightfall, Bragg ordered General Houston to move forward and drive off the enemy reported to be posting artillery on the bluff* to the right of Cobb's position. ' Then it was,' says a member of the company, 'that we felt the severity of our loss. The expression was on many tongues : If Captain Joe were only here, it would be all right.' His head had been dressed and bandaged, and, though the effects of the first shock were not over, and the severity of the wound, too, was such as to have furloughed most men over the winter, he remained during the continuance of this battle, and made the disagreeable march to Manchester, not only setting an example of manly courage and patience under trials, but even assisting the sick and weak to bear their burdens.

"As noticed in the preceding portions of this book, that regiment was in the Third Brigade of Preston's division at Chickamauga, and, of the conduct of Captain Desha in that engagement, it is only necessary to quote the words of Colonel Kelly, who was then in command of the brigade and reported operations. Says he : ' I must be allowed to speak of the gallant conduct of certain officers (whom he names) and especially of Captain Joe Desha, Fifth Kentucky, who, though painfully and severely wounded early in the action, remained at the head of his company till the enemy was defeated.

*^At Dallas, May 28, 1864, when the Fifth Regiment advanced so gallantly upon the battery, whose gunners they killed or drove off, and the line was halted within fifty yards of these guns and their support, he was observed to turn his head to see if the line was in good shape, speak in encouraging tones to the men to be steady, then draw his pistol and fire its several barrels at the gunners ' with as deliberate aim,' says an officer of Company E, ' under the awful storm then assailing us, as though he were trying his skill at a mark.' But in this affair he was wounded and disabled, the left arm being so badly shattered that he did not regain the use of it during the remainder of the service, perhaps never, perfectly. - ...o**«

" In April, 1865, though yet unfit for the field, and particularly in a mounted capacity, since his bridle hand was powerless, he rejoined the command near Camden. His company had been placed on duty as couriers between Columbia and Chester village, and he acted as field officer (Lieutenant-Colonel Conner being in command of the dismounted detachment), and was engaged in the subsequent operations in that vicinity."

Wounded many times as he was, Captain Desha fought to the close of the war and refused to be promoted to major or brigadier-general, and as far as possible has concealed every honor that he won while in the service of the Confederacy.

'' Of his qualities as a soldier it is scarcely necessary to speak further. ... In matters of whatever importance - in camp, on the field - he did his duty, and was never satisfied with any thing less on the part of others. His natural turn of mind was essentially martial ; his ordinary bearing was soldierly ; his conduct was regulated by those high principles of honor which have always been the boast of men in the profession of arms. A questionable act ; a disregard for the rights and feelings of others, however humble ; any little scheming for place or preferment; any thing like aflectation, cant, hypocritical sniveling, he detested with all the lofty scorn of which a bold and open-hearted nature is capable."

With all this war record, illuminated with honorable scars, it is supposed by many that Captain Desha would be dreadfully afraid of a woman's rights woman, and would perhaps run from her like a turkey.

Major Ben Desha. - "Major Desha, of Cynthiana," says the History of the First Kentuckj^ Brigade, "- was elected captain, October 21, 1861, and was promoted to major, April 6, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, where he was so severely wounded as to be long disabled for duty, but rejoined the command, and fought at Jonesboro, where he was again wounded and disabled for further service during the war." Brief record of so gallant a soldier. He lived until 1885, and died from tlie effects of the terrible wound he received at Jones- . boro, that shattered his collar bone, and made him a sufferer for the remainder of his life.

People about Cynthiana, who remember Major Ben Desha in his youth, will say that he was one of the handsomest men ever reared in this country. There was a depth of coloring in his face and hair ; a splendor in his dark eyes ; a lofty expression that played on his faultless features not to be seen often, and never long retained, by any one, in this changing world. At Bowling Green, Kentucky, he and hundreds of soldiers were on dress-parade - the flower of Kentucky's chivalry was there, in the beginning of the war, and he was singled out as the handsomest of them all. Alas ! he came home a changed and broken man, and never regained his wonted appearance. He was as brave in his agony from wounds as he had been on the field of battle - but at last he slept.

" How sleep the brave who sink to rest With all their country's wishes blest ! When spring, with dewy lingers cold, Returns to deck their hallowed mold ; She there shall dress a sweeter sod Thau fancy's feet have ever trod.

The Cromwells. - A descendant of Oliver Cromwell, Vincent, by name, left England with Rachel, his wife, just at what time is not known, and came to this country and settled in Baltimore, Maryland. He came to Kentucky in 1795. Joseph Cromwell married Christine Fry and came to Cynthiana in 1806.

Henry F. Cromwell, son of Joseph Cromwell and Christine (Fry) Cromwell, was born in 1811. In 1837, he married Elizabeth Miller. Their children are the widow of Major Ben. Desha, Mary, by name, James, Margaret, Ellen, who married Mr. Lauderdale, and Elizabeth. Henry F. Cromwell celebrated his eightysecond birthday January 10, 1892. He has now living five children, fourteen grandchildren, and seven greatgrandchildren.

About 1838, Mr. Cromwell patented the Cromwell plow, with a metal mold board, which, being the first plow of the kind ever invented, caused quite a revolution in the agricultural world. He also invented the famous Cromwell buggy.

With the war came reverses, disastrous fires, and freedom of his slaves. Courageous in his convictions, he went south in 1862, and did not return until the war was over, broken in fortunes, but not in spirit. Honest, industrious, and careful, he has accumulated a competency, and now owns a beautiful home. Once to know Henry F. Cromwell intimately is to believe that

Hon. I. T. Martin^ M .-, E .-. Grand High Priest of Kentucky, - Hon. I. T. Martin was born in New York, came to Cynthiana in his youth, and made it his permanent home. Although he was an adopted son of this town, none of her native children took more interest in her welfare than he. His name is foremost in all petitions for improvements, and although his untimely death in 1868 removed him from the ways of men forever, his influence is still felt and his mem- ory revered. He was senator at Frankfort one term, but failing health prevented his election a second time. He married a Miss Woodyard. Their children are Elizabeth, Alice, Thomas, Loulie, Martha, and I. T.

The Grinnans. - William Jordan Grinnan is descended from a Scotch family that settled in the northern part of Virginia in the early days of that grand old state. His father was a soldier in the War of 1812. ''Among his ancestors was a grand-uncle, who, out of the accumulation of his successful prosecution of the culture and sale of tobacco in Virginia, managed to save the property of the Duke of Argyle from inevitable insolvency,which threatened it through the extravagance of a former possessor of the estate and dukedom. Joanna, the lovely and accomplished daughter of the Virginia tobacco planter, became the wife of the Duke of Argyle, the father of the present duke," who is a near relative of William Jordan Grinnan. Mr. Grinnan, however, never refers to his distinguished kinsman. In this country, pedigree does not pass at par, since so many men with none to speak of have made their way to the rudder of the '' ship of state," and guided her away from shoals and quicksands. Many a man out of the depths (that is, with a pedigree an inch long) stands shoulder to shoulder and walks side by side up the hills of science and fame with the man who shines with the light reflected from ancestors whose names are carved in fadeless letters in every land.

The Mussers. - Distinguished among the citizens of Cynthiana is the Musser family. On their father's side, they are of German origin. Their mother was

Adolphus, Daniel, Joshua, and Caleb ; the daughters are Mrs. James, of Denver, Colorado ; Miss Moberly, of Chillicothe, Missouri; and Florence, a nun in a convent in Missouri. Daniel was killed at Fort Donelson, while fighting on the Confederate side in the civil war. The Mussers were and are intellectual and educated people. Richard Musser, of Brunswick, Missouri, won lasting fame by the way he conducted one complicated case in the courts of law in the state of his adoption.

The Williams family. - Descended from Roger Williams, the founder of Providence, was Hal Williams, who was born at Cold Arbor, Virginia. Hal Williams married a Miss Johns, who was related to Patrick Henry. Hubbard Williams, son of Hal Williams, w^as born December 2, 1760, in Charlotte county, near Charlotte Court-house, Virginia. He married a widow lady whose husband was William Pry or, relative of Roger A. Pryor, of New York, and whose maiden name was Jones. Hubbard Williams married Mrs. Pryor, September 11, 1783, at Charlotte Court-house, Virginia. The Joneses, ancestors of Mrs. Hubbard Williams, were French, and fled from France after the revocation of the "' Edict of Nantes," 1685, and came to America. Hubbard Williams fought through the Revolutionary War. His brother, Jarrot Williams, fought side by side with him, under G-eneral Washington, until the " Battle of White Plains," where he was killed, and lies buried on the battle field.

'' twenty-four hundred picked men " whom Washington led through a driving storm of sleet and ice to Trenton, where they fell upon the Hessians as they were feasting, and, when the fight was over, he helped to swell the cry of victory that rent the air that winter morning, and '' kindled afresh the fires of patriotism." He spent that awful winter at Valley Forge, where the soldiers '' were encamped in cold, comfortless huts, with little food or clothing," and where the father of our county knelt in prayer so often and besought the help of God in freeing his native land. Mrs. Dr. Williams, of St. Louis, Missouri, has in her possession a letter written to Hubbard Williams by one of his comrades in arms who was with him through the war of the Revolution. After peace was established, Hubbard Williams removed with his family to Kentucky, and settled near Millersburg, Kentucky. He had eight children born to him. The names of the sons were: Jarrot, born July 30, 1792; John, born April 1, 1795; Samuel, born February 2, 1799. Jarrot died at Yicksburg, Mississippi, July, 1833 ; Samuel also died, 1833; both died of cholera. John Williams married his first cousin. Miss Sally Jones. Ten children were born to them - Susan, born May 4, 1817, married William T. Redman, and died June 17, 1847; Nancy, born January 4, 1819, married Mr. L. Lair, and died January 13, 1865 ; Mary, born August 12, 1821^ died, unmarried, July 5, 1833 ; Patrick Henry, born August 7, 1824, died September 1, 1824; Caroline, born October 25, 1826, married R. T. Lindsay, died May 1, 1892 ; Sarah, born January 6, 1829, died of cholera, June 23, 1833; Hubbard Moody, born January 6, 1830, killed by the accidental discharge of a gun, February 7, 1845; Belle, born June 15, 1833, married Dr. Williams, of St. Louis, at which place she and her husband now reside; Sally T., born 1838, married Charles Wilson, and died in 1887 ; John J., born June 6, 1836, married Elizabeth H. Stone, a descendant of Barton W. Stone, February 22, 1866 ; Samuel H. Williams, born October 11, 1838, married Kizzie Wright, October 22, 1867, died January 8, 1878. Samuel H. Williams was a brave Confederate soldier, and fought through the civil war.

George Williams, born January 16, 1842. He is now living at Bowling Green, Missouri. Henry Williams, born August 21, 1825 ; married Lucy Hemphill, March 21, 1848; died November 17, 1888. Henry Williams was a soldier in the Mexican war, and was at the battle of Buena Yista. Betsy Williams, oldest daughter of Hubbard Williams, was born December 2, 1784; married John Varnan, and lived and died in sight of Endicot's meeting-house. She was one of God's saints.

Polly Williams, daughter of Hubbard Williams, was born February 11, 1787 ; married Major Griffith. They had one child, a son named Burrell Griffith. Burrell Griffith married a Miss King; their son, William Griffith, lives near Broadwell, Kentucky. William Griffith married a Miss Spears, of Bourbon county, Kentucky. They have three sons and one daughter - William, Hubbard, and John ; the daughter's name is Emily.

Nancy Williams was born February 29, 1808. Her first husband was Dr. Saunders, who lived only a year after his marriage. Mrs. Saunders then married Dr. Joel C. Frazer, the most popular physician who ever resided in this coantj. They had only one child born to them, Hubbard W., who married Eliza Patterson. Dr. Hubbard W. Frazer was a physician of great learning. His wife and two children survive him. His daughter, l^ancy, was the wife of Governor C. W. West. She died in 1883. Joel Frazer, his only son, lives at Winchester, Kentucky; and Susan, his youngest child, lives here. She married Frederick Reynolds.

A sister to the wife of John Williams married John M. Kimbrough. They had five sons and three daughters. The oldest son lives in Texas; another in Arizona. William lives in Cynthiana, and holds the office of judge of the circuit court. Moses lives in Missouri. Elizabeth married a Mr. Clay, and lives in Lexington, Kentucky. N^ancy married Joseph Lebus, and lives near Cynthiana.

Robert Jones. - The first Jones who was related to Robert Jones of Cynthiana came to America from Wales to Baltimore, Maryland. The grandfather of Robert Jones was a tory and lived in Baltimore about the time of the War of the Revolution. He sympathized with the British, but took no active part against the patriots. He had four sons, all too young to be in the Revolution; but when they were old enough to think for themselves, they became patriots. Joshua Jones, father of Robert Jones, married Mary Sands, who had several brothers in the service of the navy. Benjamin Sands, uncle of Robert Jones, was a commodore. Joshua Jones was in the war of 1812, and belonged to a company of light horse artillerymen. Robert Jones, son of Joshua and Mary Sands Jones, was born in 1803. When General Ross attacked Baltimore and the British fleet bombarded Fort McHenry, Commodore Sands was commanding in Fort McHenry and Joshua Jones was with the troops that defended the city. Robert Jones was but a lad, but he remembered the battle well. His mother and other patriotic women had been preparing provisions for the soldiers all day, and as evening approached wagons containing them w^ere sent down by soldiers to the scene of the conflict. Kobert Jones and his brother, Richard, jumped in one of the wagons and went with the stores to where the battle was raging. His father, in giving some orders to his men, discovered his two little sons in a place of great danger, watching with the coolness of veterans the progress of the battle. He forced them to retreat, which they did reluctantly. The children of Joshua and Mary Sands Jones were Sarah, Richard, Robert, Caleb, Joshua, Mary Ann, Ellen, Sophia, Eliza, William, and Benjamin. Three died in infancy, The others came to years of maturity. Robert Jones married Amelia Smith, w^ho was born in Dorsetshire, England. Eleven children were born to them ; all died in infancy, but two daughters, who are still alive, Sarah Jones, wife of Dr. McNees, and Ellen, wife of William Haviland. Robert Jones came to this town with his father and his father's family in 1816, and was a dry goods merchant of this place for seventy years. He was as brave as any one of his ancestors, and as honest as he was brave. He died at the advanced age of eightynine and a half years.

The Havilands. - The lineage of the Haviland family has been traced in England back through centuries. The descendants of that family who live in this country have a record extending only to 1700, but the New York Havilands have the annals complete.

James Haviland was born in J^ew York, May 15, 1740, married Ann Hunnawell, and died in New York, November 25, 1786. His children were Thomas, born July 8, 1763 ; Israel, born March 12, 1765 ; Abigail Jane, born March 20, 1767 ; Phoebe, born March 3, 1769; Stevenson, born February 26, 1773.

Robert S. Haviland, son of Robert S. Haviland, was born ^N'ovember 11, 1796, died August 8, 1858. Robert S. Haviland was a soldier in the War of 1812. The children of Robert S. and Mary Stewart Haviland, James A., born May 6, 1821 ; William S., born March 26, 1823 ; Henry H., born March 16, 1825 ; Malinda Jane and Jane Ann, born March 26, 1830 ; Martha Jane, born June 26, 1830 ; Margaret, born April 17, 1835.

William S. Haviland, born March 26, 1823, in Harrison county, Kentucky, married Mary E. Whitehead, December 30, 1845, she died April 13, 1849; married the second time Mary Ellen Jones, June 13, 1854. The children of the first wife were Mary and Bettie ; children of the last marriage are Charles B., Robert S. and Carrie.

Judge Henry H. Haviland, born March 16, 1825, married Susan Scrogin, who is descended from grandsires of Revolutionary fame. Her father and uncles were in the War of 1812. Charles Scrogin, an uncle of Mrs.'Haviland, was a patriot spy in time of the War of 1812, and was captured by Indians and put to death near Blue Licks, Kentucky. Judge H. H. Haviland has one child - Sydney.

Jane Anderson Haviland, who was married to Israel Haviland, 1788, was in New York City, and was present when Washington was inaugurated President of the United States, April 30, 1789. She embroidered a pair of sUppers for Martha Washington, and presented them to her, and had the pleasure of seeing her wear them. The Havilands are related to the

William. Lemuel Northcutt came to Cynthiana in 1851, a young man without means. He married Mary Trimnell, a young widow, who was the mother of two sons, Thomas and George TrimneU. George Trimnell was nothing but a boy when the civil war broke out, but he entered the Confederate army and fought as bravely as any veteran of them all. The children born to Mary and W. L. Northcutt are Mary, who married John Montgomery, of this place, William, John Walter Lee, Ada, who died young, and Franklin. At the present, W. L. Northcutt is the first dry goods merchant of the town, and has accumulated a large property. It is shrewdly suspected that the name Northcutt should be spelled Northcote, and also that an English book of heraldry would throw much light on the subject.