McLeod County, Minnesota - Biographical sketches, 1917 (part 8 of 12)

Otto A. Kohler, president of the O. A, Kohler Company Department store was born in Carver county, Minn., Sept. 23, 1861, son of Celestine and Magdalene (Roth) Kohler. Celestine Kohler, a native of Baden, Germany, came to America in 1856 and lived at Dubuque, Iowa, two years engaged in the harness business. In 1858 he homesteaded in Watertown township, Carver county, where he lived until 1865. He next bought a hotel and harness shop in Watertown. In 1885 he retired from active work and lived there until 1897 when he moved to St. Paul, where he died Jan, 1899, at the age of seventy-six years. He was a member of the Catholic church. His wife died Feb., 1878, at the age of fifty-three years. They had twelve children, six of whom are now living: Guat, ® harness maker at Morris; Lena, Mrs. A. J. Schimansky, of St- Paul; Amelia, Mrs. F. Brabec, of Hutchinson; C. P., of Nor- wood, in the harness business; Josephine, Mrs. W. W. Holcomb and Otto A. Otte A. clerked in a grocery store in St. Paul for six months and then worked one year in Hutchinson for Belden and Brabec. In 1883 he became a partner in the firm' of F. Brabec & Co. In 1894 it became known as Brabec & Kohler. In 1912 he sold his interest and established the oO. A. Kohler Department store which was incorporated in 1913. From 1886 to 1890 and from 1894 to 1898 he served as post master. He was a member of the village council for five years being president one year and served as village treasurer for two years. He was a member of the school board four years and president one year. Fraternally he is connected with the A. F, & A.M. and the M. W. A. My. Kohler was married J une 15, 1891, to Eva J. Stocking and this union resulted in two children: Karl, with his father as secretary of the company and window trimmer, decorater and advertising manager; and Gretchen, a graduate of the Hutchinson high school in 1910 and of the Stout Institute at Menominie, Wis., in 1914.

Eli Wilson Stocking. The first Stocking this country ever knew came from England with his wife, three daughters and one son, in 1633. He and his son, as former records show, are the only ones of the name who ever emigrated from the Old World. Because of his religion - he was a Dissenter - he and other members of the party surreptitiously left England, and, With the Rey. Thomas Hooker at the head of the company, Sailed on the ship "Griffin" for America. They landed at Boston and George built a home and for two years lived in Cambridge. The colony at the end of this period was disrupted by dissensions and the Rev. Mr. Hooker organized a new con- STegation of about a hundred souls and started for the Connecticut Valley, the women and children going on horseback and the men on foot. George Stocking and his family were Members of this new congregation. The journey occupied two Weeks, at the end of which time their eyes were gladdened by the sight of the noble river, and on its banks they founded the beautiful city of Hartford, From all of the records preserved it is shown that the Stockings were a hardy, long-lived and enterprising family. They have been largely interested in religious, educational and political matters. Few families have Nad more centenarians, and, though some have been in prigon, It Was as patriots, not as criminals. Very few of them thus far have any record of being the defendants in criminal profeedings, Their history is also free from the evils of intemperance. George's only son moved to Middletown and became the Progenitor of a numerous and vigorous posterity, who swarmed fastward into Massachusetts, and westward through unbroken forests, pioneers of patient courage, fearless perseverance and indomitable industry, until their homes are scattered all over the broad lands of the United States. Seven generations later, in direct descent from this first ancestor of the New World, on May 3, 1824, Eli Wilson Stocking first saw the light in Haddam, Middlesex county, Connecticut. The old home of his birth, with but few changes, still stands, a monument to the quality of the materials used in its making, and its builder. A younger brother of Mr. Stocking's was born, lived all of a single life, and died but a short time ago in this house at a ripe old age. It is still in possession of the family, being owned and cared for by a niece of Mr. Stocking, who, with her husband and children, come every summer from New York City to make it their home for a few weeks. In the home of Nathaniel and Elizabeth (Stannard) Stocking and their eleven children, one daughter and ten sons, life was an endless battle with poverty and trouble. Never were all of the family under the parental roof at any one time. The older ones, through grim necessity, were earily forced out of the home to work for themselves or help support the younger. The father, Nathaniel, was for many years a local Methodist preacher in this, his native, town, and his creed was of the sternest and most puritanical type. He was a severe and implacable parent and demanded of his children the utmost obedience and respect. The fear of God was early installed into the mind of the small boy, Bhi, and was to him the veriest nightmare. In his life time he used often to say, that, after some childish misdemeanor, he crept trembling into bed, certain that before morning the avenging hand of God would have snatched him bodily from his restingplace with all his sins heavy upon him. But, if the father was stern and relentless in his ideas concerning the proper rearing of his family, the mother was the opposite, and to her tender influence Mr, Stocking always felt that he owed much, and later he realized that his father's attitude was a direct product of the times and the environment which surrounded him, and that, though seeming hard and severe, he loved his children with a great and true love. In this atmosphere of hardship and adversity the boy grew to early manhood. His schooling: of a necessity, was but meager, but, as he had a natural aptitude for imbibing knowledge, he made the little go far. Whe? still quite young he taught in his own and near-by districts then, the ever restless spirit of youth taking possession of him, je fared forth from the home of his childhood - the home that was to know him no more. He left this home with its poverty and narrowness, but with its joys also; he left the puritanic father and tender mother, the remaining brothers and the one dearly loved sister, and with courage undaunted and hopes high went forth to the battle of life. In Painsville, Ohio, which at that time seemed very far to the westward, and where his eldest brother, Artemas, lived, he stopped. Here he practiced the only vocation he knew - teaching - and was more or less contented for a time. Of his brother, who, as things were gauged at this time, was a successful cabinet-maker, he learned to do the work, and all of his spare hours and vacations were spent in his brother's shop. Here he gained a deftness of hand and a sureness of eye which never left him. This education stood him in good stead in the hard days of pioneer life which followed, when he was thrown on his own resources to work out the ideas, not only for the little comforts, but for the barest necessities of life. It was at this time he met the one woman he loved tenderly and devotedly and was absolutely faithful to through nearly forty-two years of wedded life. Mary Hart was her name. She was an orphan and lived in the home of his brother Artemas and family, with all the priviliges of a loved daughter. After becoming engaged to Mary, as was natural, he felt impelled to better his condition, and fortunately at this period obtained a chance to work in a gun and ammunition store in New Orleans. But his salary was only moderate, and his living expenses, though kept as low as possible, large for his earnings, Then, too, the trip to and from Ohio, to the Southern state and back again, took not a small amount of the ready cash he had accumulated, so, though he had saved unremittingly, he had, perhaps, more experience than money to show on his return for his three years' service. But, could he have remained in New Orleans, this, perhaps, might have been the opportunity of his life, for, toward the close of this beriod of service, the man by whom he was employed offered him a partnership in his business; but Mr. Stocking's health Was becoming so gradually undermined from the effects of the Southern climate that, much as he desired to accept what was Undoubtedly a most advantageous offer, he had no choice but to refuse. But nothing daunted, the young couple decided that the capital Mr. Stocking possessed was enough to outfit them for a venture into a new country, there to found a home, So Accordingly, obeying the dictates of their hearts, as many young lovers have before, and always will, they were married 'n October, 1856, and the winter was happily and busily spent in Preparing for their trip to Minnesota, in which - an indefinite Somewhere - they had decided to locate. A team and wagon Were bought, and from the latter was evolved the regulation tairie schooner," in which similar conveyance so maliy Young couples have started out in times past to search for their Promised land. The equipment was of the smallest, for money Was Scarce, and some must be saved to build and outfit their Ome in the new country. There was a small stove, and a large box which nearly filled the wagon-bed. This box did twiee double duty. It served as a cupboard for their scanty store of provisions, a3 a wardrobe for their equally scanty wearing apparel and bedding; as a table from which to dine when the weather was too bad to venture from under cover, and at night it again underwent a metamorphosis ; this time it was made into a bed, and a hard one at that, but to them it was to prove as the softest down, for their hours in the open air and their good spirits were to conduce to the soundest and aweetest of sleep. Early in April Mr. Stocking started forth with his bride, closing forever a chapter in his book of life, for neither of them ever saw Ohio again. The way was long, the days were more than often cold and dreary, the roads much of the time barely passable; but they were young and filled with hope, their hearts were light and joyous and the future looked bright to them. As they drew near to the land of their dreams the weather became settled and warm and the country they passed through more and more beautiful. Each night found them about 25 miles nearer their goal, until on a neverto-be-forgotten morn they looked down from the brow of a hill into the lovely valley of the Hassan, with its few small buildings, the nucleus of the present village of Hutchinson. To them it seemed an ideal spot and they quickly decided that their pilgrimage must end there. They took a claim northeast of and close to the village, and on it Mr. Stocking soon built a little home. They began at once to cultivate the ground, but had arrived too late to raise much in the way of crops this season. Then in August, far away from home and old friends, but with kind new ones to minister to her wants, the young wife gave birth to their first child, a son, whom they named Charles Artemas - the names of Mr. Stocking's eldest and youngest brothers. The seasons which followed were hard ones. Hunger and cold were always close companions. The farm which Mr. Stocking had pre-empted was low land - too low for the rainy seasons which at this time followed each other in unbroken succession. For five years he made but the poor est of livings, and this was eked out by money he earned teaching school for three winters. At last he gave up the struggle with this land and took another claim, this time about three and a half miles northwest of Hutchinson. With the help ° built the first summer to this new land, and, later, added two gmall wings to supply the needs of his growing family. The crops this first year, 1862, on the new farm promised to be the best they had had; the outlook was brighter than anything they had yet seen, when, right in the midst of a harvest, the Indian war broke out, and they were compelled, as were their neighbors, to leave their home and flee to the stockade {n the Village to save their lives. At this time they had three children, Frank, the baby, being less than three months old, Their crops were damaged almost beyond repair, though Mr. Stock. ing managed at the risk of his life, to save enough grain for their scanty use that winter. In addition to their other troubles, for two months in the coldest season following, he was helpless in bed with a severe attack of sciatic rheumatism. His Wife cheerfully and uncomplainingly added his burdens to her own, and did both the in and out of door work. The next year, 1863, the crops, owing to drouth, were very poor, and just at the beginning of harvest the Indians once more made their appearance. Again was the little family obliged to leave their home and find refuge in the stockade. This was the year in which Little Crow was killed. They stayed in the stockade only three weeks, although the Indians were still in the woods on their return and two men were shot and wounded a day on two after they had gone back to their farm, But dire necessity drove them to return to care for their stock and save what was left of their grain. When the outbreak occurred Mr. Stocking had lumber sawed and piled at the saw-mill to build him 4 new home. This was seized by the military authorities for fortifications and the amount he later received from the government was far too small to cover this loss. In the season of 1864 the drouth was the severest ever known, and no grain at all was raised, but they just managed to live and keep from Starving, and that was all, on less than $100 indemnity fees baid him for his losses in the Indian war. After this time, Which to him, his family, and the other settlers, was the hardest ever known, prospects began to brighten once more, and if they did not have any luxuries, they were, at the least, in no danger of starvation, The community was closely bound by the Common ties of poverty and privation. All were poor together and each in turn gave others of his little or himself with cheerful Unselfishness, as was needed. In 1868 Mr. Stocking, feel- Ng that his growing family must have the opportunity to Obtain an education, and having a good opportunity to sell his arm, did so. He went to live in the village of Hutchinson, and the hardware business in company with Henry Putman, another pioneer of the county. Later he was appointed post- Master, which office he held for six or eight years. Still later

© Was elected county treasurer. After this he once more went back to the land, buying a home in Lynn township, only four Miles from Hutchinson, and there he lived peacefully and hapdily Until he died. Seven children blessed the union of Eli W, : ocking and Mary J. Hart. Their names and dates of birth are

1860; Frank D., May 20, 1862; Eva J., July 20, 1864; William D., June 6, 1866; Fred O., June 13, 1868; and the last and youngest child, Lewis B., May 30, 1871. All of these children are living at the present writing. Charles, William and Fred are all unmarried and still keep the old home farm in Lynn. Frank has lived in Glencoe for more than 30 years, and for a goodly portion of that time he has been the county's auditor. His wife was Ella F, Ives, of Hutchinson. Ella G., who is Mrs. R. F. Case, and whose husband and son are in company in the drug business, resides in Starbuck, Minn. Lewis B. also owns a drug store at Belgrade, Minn., and Eva J., who is Mrs. O. A. Kohler, lives in Hutchinson, within three and one-half miles of the spot where she was born, Her husband is the head of the O. A. Kohler Company. In writing of Mr. Stocking, at the time of his death, Mr. William W. Pendergast, a life-long friend, pays him tribute thus: "Eli Wilson Stocking, as noble and good aman as ever came to this state, has passed away. He lived among us nearly 42 years, a bright example of lofty character and sublime manhood. No one ever doubted his sterling honesty, or the purity of his motives. He was a man of quick intelligence and vigorous intellect. His extreme modesty alone prevented him from being one of the foremost men in the state. When nearly $30,000 of the county's funds had leaked from the treasury and the people were earnestly looking for a man who could be implicitly trusted under the most trying circumstances, all eyes turned instinctively toward Eli W. Stocking. His name was on every lip, and they demanded his services and elected him. He was no office-seeker, took no part in the campaign, and was surprised when told that he had been elected by an overwhelming majority." Mr. Stocking was never a strong man, His was a finely organized nervous temperament attuned to every emotion, and he suffered keenly from nervous troubles a greater part of his life. But his was a dauntless spirit, He was a dreamer and an artist in every sense of the word, Circumstances withheld from him the beautiful things which he craved, but he made his life beautiful. He was keenly alive to the wonders of nature and in sympathy with her call. Animals responded immediately to his advances. They knew him instinctively for a friend. In the same way the children of his day remember him for his tenderness and sympathy for them, He could never pass a child without a kindly word or gentle touch. He loved his family and friends devotedly and was never happier than in doing them service. In writing te his unmarried brother Jared in 1868, he said: "I am so much better off than you in many respects, although we are go poor, for I have the best and noblest woman for a wife ever given to man. She lives entirely for her family, works very hard, but is still the most loving, sympathizing mother and companion, My children, too, are all good, and if they have any chance in the world I know they will get along." His character was above reproach and his children cannot recal] in word or deed 4 dishonest action. In matters of religion he was very broad. He believed firmly in God, yet had no time for creeds. His aim was to live as nearly as possible the Golden Rule. He never Separated himself from his old home ties, though he never saw but one relative after emigrating west. To the end of his life he wrote continuously to his people. By request many of his letters were returned after his death and are the most cherished possessions of his sons and daughters. Arranged in order of writing, they make a continuous chronological history of his life. Except in the later years of their lives, poverty kept close Step with this pioneer couple, They were but two of those brave men and women who went forth fearlessly into new and Unconquered lands; toiled hard and long for little competence; bore privation, hunger, cold, the Separation from all early home ties ; the bitter fear that gripped hard at times, that, do their best, they might be overcome in life's struggle and compelled to See their loved ones suffer. All these things Eli W. Stocking Dassed through, but two days before his death he said: "TF is is the end with me, it is all right; I am not afraid to die. The F ather who put me here will take me safely out. I have had many trials but I have also had many joys, and I am content." He died May 11, 1898, and six days later, Dec. 20, hia Wife passed away. They are gone forever, but their precept and example lives on, a shining mark to be emulated by those Who come after. urt W. Day is a member of a trio of Minnesota newspaper wen, the others being the late H. G. Day, of the Albert Lea Standard, and Frank A. Day, of the Fairmont Sentinel, Attica, isconsin, in Green county, was his birthplace. Date of birth July 5, 1859. His parents were Jonas G, and Betsey Stround @Y, who were Vermonters. His early book learning was £ained in four years in the publie schools of Hamilton, Webs- "er and Emmett counties, Iowa. With his parents he survived 'Wo 8rasshopper raids on a homestead in the last named coun- Y and when starvation stared him in the face an easy-going 'ounty superintendent of schools winked at his deficiencies and 8ranted him a second grade certificate which enabled him es draw $22 a month as teacher of a rural school in Emmett 4 Unty for two terms. He then entered the Sentinel office at "Irmont, Minn., as devil and at the end of two years thought br knew enough to run the shop without the assistance of his "other, Frank A., and partner. As these worthies were blind bowed himself out of their establishment and went to Jackson and bought of Geo. ©. Chamberlain the Republic, one of the pioneer newspapers of southwestern Minnesota. Next year (1881) on Nov. 19, he was married to Emma B. Ward. He ran the Jackson Republie six years and came to Hutchinson and bought, the Leader in July, 1886, consolidating with the printing office the job office of Jay B. Barber. He had a successful career with the Leader for over nine years, the notable event of the period being the Leader's change, almost over night, in politics. Mr. Day refused to train with the gold standard men who nominated McKinley and with many other Minnesota Republicans left that party and supported Bryan for president. He has been a Democrat ever since. He sold the Leader in January, 1897, to Carlos Avery and with his family spent a year in Fairmont and Albert Lea, Minn. Returning to Hutchinson he bought and consolidated, in 1899, the Independent and Times newspapers but a year later sold his adopted journalistic twins to Hobart & Hotaling, Two years later he became associated with his old paper, the Leader, a position he occupied at the time this book was published. For two years in the eighties he was assistant secretary of the Minnesota state senate, has been secretary of the McLeod county Agricultural Society, treasurer and director of the Hutchinson school district and interested actively in the welfare of "his own home town." His children - all living - are three daughters, Leona, (Mrs. Al. J. Fournier, of Granite Falls), Majel R. Day and Doris C. Day, of Hutchinson, and a son, Ward G. Day, of Fairmont, Minn. He attends church but don't belong. He has been a member of the Masonic order for thirty years. His favorite prose writers are Mark Twain and Elbert Hubbard; his favorite poets Kipling and Bret Harte; his favorite editors Henry Watterson and Charles A. Dana; his favorite songs "Ben Bolt" and Gottschalk's "Last Hope"; his favorite associates, lawyers and labor'- ers; his favorite beverages - but space forbids.

Herbert G. Heneman, banker and financier, was born in Lester Prairie, April 1, 1888, son of H. J. and Alice B, (Burf§eld) Heneman. He attended the public schools of his neighborhood, graduated from Stevens Seminary at Glencoe in 1906, and took courses for a year and a half in the University © Minnesota. With this preparation he entered the State Bank of Lester Prairie May 1, 1908, and by diligence and ability merited his promotion March 28, 1910, to cashier, and Jan. 20, 1914, to vice-president. In addition to this he is president of the First National Bank of Balaton, Minn., vice-president of the First National Bank of Viroqua, Wis., president of the Community Investor Company, which was incorporated in March, 1915, for the purpose of dealing in mortgages and other securities. The interest which Mr, Heneman has shown in public affairs is shown by his excellent service on the school hoard for the past Six years, His fraternal relations are with the Masonic order in which he is a member of the Blue lodge, Chapter and Commandery, Also a member of Zurah Temple A. A. O. N, M.S., in Minneapolis. Mr. Heneman was married Sept. 24, 1913, to Alta Beise, daughter of William C. and Ida (Volkemant) Beise, the former of whom is an implement dealer in Lester Prairie, Mr, and Mrs. Heneman have one son Herbert G., Jr,

Hl. J. Heneman, former state Senator, and now one of the best known and highly respected residents of Lester Prairie, was born in Germany, Oct. 19, 1861, and at about eight years of age was brought to Garver county, this state, where the father engaged in farming. The subject of this sketch attended school at Young America near his home, and began industrial life as a clerk in Norwood, not far away. After working for a while, he went to St. Paul, and took a commercial course in a business college with a view to more thoroughly preparing himself for a mercantile career. Thus equipped he returned to Norwood and again took up his duties as a clerk in a store, With the practical experience in business methods thus acquired he determined to engage in business for himself. Accordingly in 1884 with D, Bergman as a partner the firm name of Heneman & Bergman, he opened a general store at Plato, in this county. In 1887 the firm opened a store at Lester Prairie, and Mr, Heneman came here to manage it, Mr. Bergman remaining at Plato. A year later the partnership was dissolved, r, Heneman taking the Lester Prairie store, to which he has Since given his attention. Founded more than 29 years ago, the business has expanded under his shrewd management, and the Place is known far and wide for its established integrity and fair dealing. The original store has been replaced by a large and sightly structure, equipped in modern style, and supplied th a large and varied line of goods in popular demand. For 4 time Mr, Heneman was interested in the grain business and built the elevator now owned and operated by the Farmers Co- °perative Elevator Co, He has also been interested in the

Umber business, conducting a yard of his own for a while, and then associating himself with TH. Engler and QO. W. Lundsten mn the Lester Prairie Lumber Company. He was vice-president of the State Bank of Lester Prairie for some years and is now 4 director in that institution. Busy as he has been with his many business holdings, Mr. Heneman has found time for considerable public service. Interested in everything that has for its object the betterment and progress of the community he

1894 was elected to the state senate, doing most distinguished service to the commonwealth and to his constituents during his four year term. Under Harrison's administration he was the efficient village postmaster. Mr, Heneman was married near Plato, June 12, 1887, to Alice B. Burfield, and they have five children: H. G., Blanche, Fred C., Mabel D., and Harlow J. Herbert G., vice-president of the First National Bank of Viroqua, Wisconsin, married Alta Beise, and has one child, (Herbert G., Jr. Blanche is the wife of J. R. Sweitzer of St, Paul. Fred C. is vice-president of the First National Bank of Balaton, Minn. He married Hazel Lockwood, and they have one child, Harold J. Mabel D. is a student at Hamline University. Harlow J. is attending the graded schools in Lester Prairie.

James Ezra Chesley. The name of Chesley is one intimately associated with the early history of MeLeod county, the subject of this sketch having been one of the proprietors of the townsite of Hutchinson, and for many years one of its leading and most highly esteemed citizens. He was born in Lee, N. EL, March 18, 1827, one of the seven children of Thomas and Joanna Weeks (Folsom) Chesley, and belonged to the seventh generation of Chesleys in this country. Probably the earliest record of the family in America was a deed of land sold at Vover Neck, N. H., in 1642. During the next hundred years many Chesleys were killed by the Indians in New Hampshire. The members of the family in general were active in the life of the community and were men and women of sterling character, steadfast upholders of law and order, education and religion, James Ezra Chesley attended private schools in Lee and fitted for college at the academy in Durham, N. H., where the State College is now located. His aspiration was to enter college, but at the age of twenty, in 1847, he commenced teaching school winters. By the accumulation of land and atock, with other business, it became necessary for him to work on the farm during the summer. As a teacher he was very suce cessful, following that vocation in New Hampshire, Massachusetts and New Jersey. In 1855, having a desire to go west and continue teaching there, he decided to visit an old schoolmate, W.W. Pendergast, then living at Milwaukee, Wis. Upon arriving there he found Mr, R. H. Pendergast and the Hutchinson just starting for Minnesota, where they laid out the townsite of Hutchinson. It was on December 6th that he thus found himself associated in this enterprise and from that time on to the end of his life he was closely and prominently identified with the development and progress of the village. He was 4 this early date a man of considerable means, and besides owning considerable property within the village limits, he had 320 acres just across the river in Hassan Valley township. On this Jand he erected the finest residence in the county, which, however, was destroyed by the Indians in the uprising of 1862. As time went on he became a more extensive land owner, haying in addition to his Hassan Valley land, 320 acres near Lake Hook, and a fine residence in Hutchinson. His position in the community was a commanding one, and was due, not to his Wealth, but to his sterling character 4s aman. He was always among the foremost in supporting a worthy cause, whether having as its object the material, moral or religious advancement of the village or county, and spared neither his time nor his means in advancing, or initiating such beneficial enter. prises. His ability in business matters was above the ordinary, and his word once given was never broken. Charitable without ostentation, he did good wherever he saw an opportunity, Was never hasty in his judgments but sought for the best in everybody with whom he came in contact, not withdrawing his friendship except when he found it had been unworthily bestowed. His unexpected death, June 4, 1881, came with a shock to his family and friends, and he was sincerely mourned, not only by them, but by the entire community. Mr, Chesley was a fine horseman and a great admirer of fine horses, taking Pride in his stable containing some excellent specimens of the noble animal, ineluding an imported, full-blood sire. It was he Who brought the first full-blooded horses into this community and his Hamiltonian road horses were the admiration of all Competent judges. He was a man of few words but his deeds will not be forgotten by those familiar with the history of the "ity he had helped to found and build up. Mr. Chesley was Married, May 19, 1864, to Frances Ann, daughter of Jewett and Louisa (Woodbery) Tasker, of Newmarket, N. H. Miss Task- £", who had received a good education, taught school in Durham, N. H., where a son, George Edward, was born March 19, 1866. .A few months later the family removed to Hutchinson, Minn., to make this place their permanent home. Their other children were as follows: Thomas Jewett, born June 11, 1869; Georgianna, born October 20, 1872, and Evelyn Augusta, born August 9, 1878. After Mr, Chesley's death his family moved to New Hampshire, The eldest son, George Edward, married Annette Brewster, of Malden, Mass., Dec. 23, 1896, and settled 'n Malden, They have two sons, James Calvin, born Sept. 26, 1897, and Elmer Brewster, born July 5, 1899. Thomas Jewett Married Cora M. Farmer, of Manchester, N. H., Sept, 11, 1911, And lives in Dover, N. H., having been engaged in the whole- Sale and retail undertaking business there since 1897. Georg- 'anna, who ig unmarried, is a teacher and social settlement Worker jn Haverhill, Mass. Evelyn married George FH. Bixby, of Haverhill, Mass., a shoe manufacturer, Aug. 20, 1899. They have two sons, Chesley Tasker, born April 11, 1901, and George Henry, Jy., born May 23, 1905. Their home is in Haverhill, Mass, Frances (Mrs. Chesley) died in Haverhill, Mass., Nov. 26, 1905.

Axel Hayford Reed, the son of Sampson Reed, a Maine farmer and stock drover, was among the first settlers of Gleneoe and McLeod county, making his advent into Glencoe, April 26, 1856. April 4, 1854, when nineteen years of age he left his home in Hartford, Oxford county, Maine, to seek a home in the west among entire strangers. He first made a stop at Brighton, New York, where he worked two seasons for the Rochester Brick and Tile Co., passing the winter at school at Shelby Basin, Orleans, New York, on the Erie Canal which was being enlarged at that time and he spent several weeks in the spring of 1855 at work on same running a wheelbarrow among a crew of Irishmen. Having his mind on Minnesota as his future home, he proceeded from Rochester, N. Y., to Rockford, IIl,, in September, 1855, and was employed with Joel S. Sherman, proprietor of the Northwestern Nursery, where he imbibed a great liking for horticulture and farming which followed him into Minnesota and McLeod county. He was so anxious to reach Minnesota before the Mississippi river froze up that he left his employer's service against his protest, caught the last boat up that river which landed him in St. Paul, Minnesota, where lived not a soul that ever knew or heard of him. He made his way to St. Anthony, where he tried to hire out to go into the pineries with other Maine lumbermen, but, being a slim red-headed boy, they only offered him about half pay to the others which he refused. He went up to St. Cloud, then just started, and up the Sauk river where he helped build claim shanties, and then to Clearwater where he hired for the winter cutting and splitting oak rails.

In the spring he boarded a steam boat named Governor Alexander, which run between St, Paul and Minneapolis, newly laid out at that time. Here he sought a job in Minneapolis of a brick maker who informed him that a new town by the name of Glencoe had been laid out some fifty miles west and that he had a contract with a Glencoe townsite company to make 200,000 brick for them at Glencoe, and continued to say, "T will turn that contract over to you and if you can can make enough on it to give me a hundred dollars, do so, if not, nothing." Young Reed acted in short order and with a letter from the brick maker to Andrew Jackson Bell, chief Glencoe townsite operator, with a hand grip which held all of his affects, he picked his way on foot through the "Big Woods," so called, when only a blazed road had been marked out most of the way

Mr. Bell and the townsite company received him very cordially and offered him all the assistance possible in fulfilling the contract of manufacturing two hundred thousand of brick. He selected for that purpose a location on block 6 where he found an abundance of clay, just east of where the company Was building a saw mill. He soon took in a partner by the name of David Davis, who had lately arrived from Maine. A log house was soon built on the same block and cottonwood lumber hauled from Henderson, the nearest and only limber to be obtained at that time as that could be hauled over a Prairie road most of the way by wading several creeks, A brick yard was made, brick moulded, dried and placed in a kiln and given a hard burn and it seemed a success to the joy of all Glencoe people until a hard shower of rain took place Which slacked the lime stone that was in the clay and each brick crumbled to pieces and all was a total loss. Reed made & Settlement with his partner by giving him the house, land, yards and fixtures, to assume all indebtedness except $27 due 4 school mate of his that had come west to work at brick making, which Reed assumed.

He expressed himself as feeling happy the moment that Settlement was made and afterwards said: "I knew jast how I stood financially, I owed $27 and had just $1.20 in my pocket," is money, all he possessed, he expended for corn meal and molasses, borrowed a few cooking utensils and some boards to Cover his sleeping apartment in a claim shanty in a pre-emption claim he had taken about one mile southeast of town Where he "bached it" the rest of the fall, completing his log

Ouse and clearing land and later going to work for the Glen- Coe Mill Company at a dollar a day, cutting oak logs on government land to be hauled to mill where lumber was sawed to build Glencoe's first hotel, the Pioneer House, on the corner of

'8 preemption claim on which he set out a thousand apple root-grafts in the spring of 1857, made brick with which he made a fire place and chimney in his comfortable log house, Which furnished a home and shelter for friends coming from he Worked as forernan of brick yards at Carver and Belle Plaine, Hard times came on in 1857, when all the banks in the Country went bankrupt, even the Exchange Bank of Glencoe, and nearly ail good money went out of existence and he rerived but little money for his entire three summer's work, which were not paid for several years and after the close of the Civil War. During most of this time furs were about the only thing that would bring money and the subject of this sketch bought a mass of traps and struck out into the wilds of the northwest during the cold bleak winters of 1859 and 1861. Indians robbed his camp and once he came near starving on account of the failure of a man to bring him provision. The man had made his way to his camp to buy his furs and made a sacred promise if he would let him have the furs he would bring him a load of provision "if man or beast can get there," but nevertheless he returned not. The spring after trapping time was over he returned, May 1861, with a good amount of furs which brought ready money. The last season of his venture trapping he got back to Glencoe late in May, 1861, and first hearing of the war and President Lincoln's call, he at once joined a militia company that was being drilled by Captain A. H. Rouse, and learned what he could of military tactics and then began to talk with the young men to induce them to go to Fort Snelling with him in time to enlist in the Second Minnesota.

He received a letter from Captain L, L. Baxter, of Carver, proposing that he take what men he could raise and join his proposed company A of the Third regiment, being raised, of which he himself was to be captain and Reed to be first lieutenant. Reed's answer to Captain Baxter was characteristic of himself in after life for he answered him in part as follows: "I'm not fit for a private, much less an officer. Besides, we Glencoe boys want to get into a regiment that will be called to do some fighting. We do not think that a later regiment will be called South."

He called on Governor Ramsey at St. Paul to learn what he could of the regiments being called out and went back to Fort Snelling and joined Company K, of the Second Infantry. This company was soon taken to Kentucky and participated in the battle of Mill Springs, fought January 19, 1862. Mr. Reed was promoted to orderly sergeant to fill the place of the wounded orderly, in which position he served with his company. He participated in every march, seige and engagement the regiment engaged in up to the time of his being wounded, Novembre 25, 1863. This included the seige and capture of Corinth, Tennessee, and Kentucky after Confederate General Bragg'§ ber 25, 1863. This included the seige and capture of Corinth, Miss., the march through Northern Alabama, to East Tennessee, thence north through Tenesee and Kentucky after Confederate General Brage's army, the battle of Perryville, and several minor engagements, and the two-days' battle of Chickamauga, Georgia.

After the defeat of Bragg's army at Perryville and Tullahoma, Tennessee, many of the soldiers of the army of the Cumberland were put on one-half rations. Some of Reed's comrades went to division headquarters to find out the cause and came back and reported that they saw rations being given out to rebel deserters and citizens. This made Orderly Sergeant, Reed indignant whose duty it was as orderly sergeant to see that his company comrades got their full rations and to correct 8uch an outrage as he thought best. Therefore he concluded to call the higher officer's attention to it by writing a letter to the Nashville Union, a daily paper that circulated freely through the camp, and in part indicated as follows: "We have been marching night and day in mud and rain for two weeks to capture Tullahoma, and as our reward they have put us on half rations and are feeding the balance to rebel deserters and citizens. We think they ought to seek their grub, where they do their rights, within the rebel lines, and by knowing whether the order was given by General Brannan, Thomas or Rosecrans would oblige many soldiers,"

The letter was published and was hailed with joy by the hungry soldiers. Sergeant Reed had not let his own bunk mate know he had written the letter, yet the secret police that belonged to the army of Gen. Rosencranz was not long in supplying the name of the writer of the letter to Gen, Brannon, Commanding the division. The general immediately issued the following order: "To Col. James George, commanding 2nd, Minn. - Place first sergeant A. H. Reed, of Co. K, 2d. Minn., in Close confinement until further orders." This order deprived im of gun and accoutrements and confined him most of the time in the guard house. His regimental oflicers signed a request to General Thomas, commanding the 14th Army Corps, requesting his release, stating that it was through inadvert- that he wrote what he did. But when Sergeant Reed learned about it he protested, saying that he knew what he Was writing, had nothing to take back and would prove it if ey would give him a fair trial. He demanded an immediate trial and copy of charges and specifications which eould not be obtained. He also charged General Brannan, of opposing a Court martial fearing, he, himself, would be proved as the officer who took rations belonging to his division soldiers and Save them to rebels.

4nd mountains and the Tennessee river, the Racoon mountains into Lookout Valley, and again climbed over the lofty Lookout range of mountains, some twenty-five miles south of Chat- "Noogo, where the Chickamatiga river breaks out from the base of Lookout mountain and winds its way northeasterly and northwesterly through the plains of Chickamauga, Georgia. It was near this place the army of the Cumberland met the rebel army, one thousand strong, under General Bragg. The latter was said to be there to fight the battle of his life. On arriving near the battle field, through the intercession of Lieut. Col. Bishop, Sergeant Reed was released from the order of close confinement, but under arrest and without arms. About six o'clock on Saturday morning of September 19, 1863, after an all night's hard march, the regiment was called to arms, while partaking a hasty cup of coffee and hard tack. They were hurried to the front and extreme left. Reed finished drinking his coffee and then followed on after his regiment. He found where they had piled their knapsacks preparatory for action- On arrival, he, with other soldiers under arrest, was placed under guard of one of their company comrades, an old Prussian soldier. Sergt. Reed thought he could, without doubt, obtain the guard's gun and went up to take it, telling him that he needed no gun to guard the knapsacks. But the Prussian said, "Sergeant Reed, I keeps my own gun." One of the soldiers under arrest spoke up and said, "If the damn-fool officer put me under arrest I will stay out of the fight." "Our country is not to blame for what our fool officers do. We have been mustered, drilled, clothed and fed for an occasion like this and {am going to help the boys," said Sergeant Reed, and started for the front following the ambulances which was following the sound of cannon and musketry. He finally came to a section of battery that belonged to his brigade, and recognizing Lieut. Smith, commanding that section, he asked where the Second Minnesota was and he pointed to their flag some distance to the left oblique, and knowing that his company was color company just at the right of the flag he was not long in getting there and hugging the ground like the rest of the boys, as the rebel bullets were flying promiscuously. It was but a minute before he heard a man cry out and he knew a man was wounded and he run to the right of the regiment and got it, returning to his place with his company, then under fire of the enemy. His lieutenant soon fell wounded which left but one commissioned officer with the company. Instead of assuming any command, he rer loaded and fired his Springfield rifle as fast as possible, passing through the battle of Chickamauga, one of the great battles of the war, in which his regiment was under fire ten hours. His conduct was so highly appreciated by all of his regimental officers that General Thomas issued an order releasing him from arrest and returning him to duty for meritorious conduct at Chickamauga. Here he again showed his independence by his refusal to accept his release, saying, "Tf I have committed

4 breach of military discipline I want to know it and take my punishment." After three days by the advice of certain officers he accepted. Assuming the duties of orderly sergeant of his company he passed through the two months beseiged period in Chattanooga, Tennessee, made so by the close following of General Bragg's rebel army that occupied Missionary Ridge, Lookout mountain and surrounding hills, on half rations and less, some of the time, Then General Grant came and put new lite into affairs. He spread the army of the Cumberland out, now under command of General Thomas, who succeeded General Rosencranz, by corps, divisions and brigades, in front of Chattanooga, about half way between the city and the enemy, Covering Bragg's army from right to left,

After three days maneuvering to get General Sherman in on the right flank of the rebel army, and General Hooker in on Bragg's left flank, General Grant, General Thomas and General ranger, viewing the important and interesting scenery from Orchard Knob, concluded about three o'clock on November 25th, 1863, that it was about time to strike. Baird's division 4nd Van Deever's brigade in which the Second Minnesota was Serving was placed on the extreme left of the army of the Curnberland facing a strong promontory extending out from the crest of Missionary Ridge where the flower of the rebel ost were stationed with shot and shell to keep back the gocalled invaders of southern soil, Looking up into the mouths of those rebel cannons was not an inviting job. The only remaining commissioned officer with Sergeant Reed's company eigned sickness and the Colonel commanding the regiment ordered him to camp and his next words were "Sergeant Reed, You take command of Company K." The signal to go came, 2nd Minn. was placed in the front line covering the brigade, The soldiers of that regiment having been hardened by three years experience in battling a foe knew just what to do Without an order from an officer and hurried musket in hand ° reach the enemy's works at the crest of the ridge. Sergeant eed had his eye on the cannon at the top of the ridge that was belching forth every few minutes until the few who had Withstood the storm jumped the rebel works near that cannon. ac" Only order Sergeant Reed gave during the charge was: ~4rn the cannon on them, boys," to the few that was with im and the moment the cannon was turned, one of Company H boys Jumped astride the gun and went to hugging it while the blood Was running over his face. No ammunition could be found to work the gun, so it was abandoned for an onward Move jy following up the charge. t was at this juncture that Sergeant Reed received the Wound which caused the amputation of his right arm. He was one of a very few that recovered from an amputation of a limb wounded in the storming of Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863. He was offered his discharge but remarked, "I think I am good for a few rebs yet," and rejoined his regiment on their return to Chattanooga from a veteran furlough and served as orderly sergeant and sergeant major of the regiment to which he was promoted at Kennesaw mountain in which position he served his three years enlistment out. Then he was mustered in on a second lieutenant commission to which position he had been promoted, Rejoining his company he participated in '"Sherman's march to the sea," and through the Carolinas, at Goldsboro, North Carolina, he received his first furlough from the regiment, for thirty days and was ordered to report to Fort Snelling, to bring back recruits. He used his furlough in visiting his old home in Hartford, Oxford county, in Maine and relatives throughout Maine, Massachusetts and New York, joining his regiment at Washington, D. Cc. The war was over but he was detailed to command a company in the 23rd Missouri for about a month when he rejoined his regiment and by cars and steam boat was taken to Fort Snelling, Minnesota, where he was mustered out July 18, 1865, after three years, 11 months and eighteen days' military service.

On being mustered out he returned to his adopted home, at Glencoe, from which he had enlisted, to consider his future action. The Sioux Indians had devastated the country about, had killed one of his friends and former school mates, had caused his sister and family to abandon their home here and return east, his log house he had built, with brick chimney and fire place on his pre-empted home near the townsite had been torn down and nothing to encourage him was in sight. He made application to the government to be transferred to the Veteran-Reserve Corps. His relatives in the East were appealing to him to come and make his home with them. "Shall I lay down and become a ward because I have but one arm," he asked himself. "No, not if the Lord is willing," he replied in his own mind and took on new courage.

Having a comrade with him who had served in the same regiment and who had had some experience in store keeping, they agreed to buy out one of the two stores then existing in tow? which the owner was anxious to sell and the mercantile firm of "Reed & Thoeny" commenced business August 16, 1865.

After four years of trade in which Reed had mostly attended to outside business, Captain Thoeny desired to retire to farming and offered to sell out on such terms that Reed accepted and for twenty-six years longer and until 1895, the firm of A. H, Reed & Co. was the leading mercantile firm for a large surrounding country dealing in general merchandise and grain. For twenty years this firm consisting of A. H. Reed and Joseph Richardson, a brother-in-law, was the largest Shippers of wheat of any then west of the so-called Big Woods, having built a 30,000 bushel block grain elevator soon after the Hastings & Dakota railroad was built into Glencoe, in 1872. During his thirty years of mercantile life in which he had purchased nearly all the goods, he was the financier of the firm, making all the collections and paying all the bills besides doing all the corresponding.

In those busy years of trade and traflic he took time to "play politics" and engage in many other enterprises, In 1868 and 1869 he served as deputy collector of Internal Revenue,

Snongahala, now Kandiyohi county, During the legislative Sessions of the Minnesota legislature of 1868 and 1869 he Served as its Sergeant at Arms and in the fall of 1869 was elected a representative and served as such during its 1870 Session,

His main interest in being in the legislature was to compel the old Hastings & Dakota railroad company to locate and build their road to the village of Glencoe, when the company Was threatening to build their road several miles south. He Was also instrumental in organizing the "Stevens Seminary

Usiness, so much so that he conceived the idea of starting "nother mercantile business at a new railroad station that its Progress was sure to make after it had passed into the owner- Ship of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul, In 1879 Reed Joined with several others and bought and secured options on Several hundred acres of land in the central part of Renville "ounty, laid out the townsite of Bird Island, and prevailed on

* Reed & Co. until 1884, when by a business deal, the Glen- Coe Partner, Joseph Richardson, succeeded to the business and. berated under the firm name of "J. Richardson & Co," interest in the Glencoe business having been assigned to

- Reed; whose business push generally made him a bor- Tower of funds to carry on his business at a high rate of inter- Sib Which the: wrancanesd too high and struck to give all bor- ToWerg g lower rate, He made application to the Comptrolles of the Currency for a National Bank and upon its being granted he proceeded and organized the First National Bank of Glencoe, his business friends in St. Paul and Minneapolis, as elsewhere taking the required amount of bank stock. He remained at its head as president for some ten years when he resigned as its president wishing to be relieved from so many responsibile business cares as he had then to look after. On the organization of the bank and commencement of business by the bank, interest was put at ten per cent., much lower than the ruling rate.

In 1875 he was elected one of the county commissioners, and was instrumental in building the present brick court house in 1876, without issuing bonds. As he succeeded to the chairmanship of the board and had accomplished his greatest desire in building county buildings worthy of the county he was glad to retire from the board.

In 1878 he founded the Glencoe Enterprise, having been as he thought unjustly attacked by the Glencoe Register, the leading Republican paper of the county. He was publisher of the Enterprise until 1889, and the Register had been vanquished by months and years of hard fought newspaper battles, which became state renowned,

Retiring from the mercantile business in 1895, he accepted the position of superintendent of the House Folding room at Washington, D. C., that was offered him where he served in the 54th and 55th Congresses through a portion of President McKinley's administration, but resigned the position in 1898 and returned home. Captain Reed was a strong candidate for the Republican nomination to Congress, supported largely by the rank and file of the Republican party, but the trained politicians were always working his defeat. He was defeated in the third district Republican convention held at Northfield in 1886 by five lacking votes after forty ballots and again defeated at Red Wing in 1888, by only three votes. In 1894 the actions of the office holding politicians were so corrupt in choosing delegates by the old caucus system that he obtained the nomination by petition as the law required and filed same in the eleven counties composing the Third district.

The then governor of the state appealed to Mr. Reed to withdraw his candidacy representing that it was jeopardising the whole state Republican ticket, and for harmony's sake he withdrew his petitions and gave loyal support to the whole Republican ticket. Many of the Republican papers were indignant at the action of the ruling party politicians and published articles as follows and similar to it: .

convention by the tricky workings of the politicians who had Control of the party machinery. At Red Wing in 1888 he came within three votes of securing the nomination on the first ballot and was by far the strongest man in the convention, but his strength availed him nothing as against the unprincipled measures of enemies. They immediately forced a recess against an opposing majority, fixed up a slate and an avreement and earried the day by a majority. The bosses of the party could not use Captain Reed. They knew that if elected he would not: be subservient to their wishes so they turned him down. He was too honest, too fearless, too honorable, to aggressive, too independent to be of use to them. They knew that Captain Reed was a fighter; that he was blunt, outspoken, firm courageous soldier, who would yield to no method or Plan not consistent with honor and justice."

Captain Reed was a great admirer of agricultural pursuits, believing that McLeod county could be made one of the richest in their state. He managed one or more farms in McLeod 4nd Renville counties. He has made it a rule to produce from the goil a part or more than enough to support: his family, He admits that he never made the success at farming that he Sught, owing to having so "many irons in the fire" but he hopes he has encouraged others to follow agricultural pursuits, Planting his first garden in Glencoe, in 1856, up to 1917, by his Personal efforts he had tilled the soil forty seasons in succes- Sion with some success. From 1872 to 1890 he was among the largest wheat raisers in McLeod county if not west of the Big

© seeded down to red clover and timothy sixty acres with Wheat as a cover crop with excellent success and the red clover Proved to be the first ever produced in the county. He hecame 4n active member of the Minnesota Horticultural society, in the early days of its organization and after years of interest in its behalf, his associates considered him valuable enough to Vote him a "life membership" and made him superintendent of the "Glencoe Trial Station" established for the purpose of im- Proving fruit. he Subject of this sketch was for years a vigorous pro- Moter of those things that went towards building up and increasing wealth and population in the community. He was @lWays anxious that Glencoe should have a north and south railroad line, passing through Glencoe from Mankato to St. Cloud, and about the year 1900, he organized the "Duluth t, Cloud, Glencoe & Mankato Railway Co." From 1900 to 1906, he put in five years of strenuous work to accomplish his ideal Project. He had disposed of his grain elevator and merfantile business, at which he had been at the head of thirty years and two months; of the Glencoe Enterprise, which he had fathered for ten years, and had sold his First National Bank stock and resigned its presidency, a position he had held from its organization, all of which left him a free hand in trying to build a railroad, He made several trips to Chicago, New York and Philadelphia. In New York City he secured the name of William Vanderbilt, as one of the incorporaters of his proposed road, thinking it would aid in financing the undertaking. In New York he secured an interview with Chauncey Depew, then president of the New York Central railroad, and Stuyvesant Fish, then president of the Illinois Central railroad as well as Mr. Harriman, vice-president, with whom he hoped to secure co-operation of the Illinois Central, by making connection with their northern terminal at Albert Lea, with the south end of his proposed line of road.

He organized and employed a corps of engineers or surveying party, went with them, climbed trees, waded swamps and streams, and personally assisted in locating some two hundred miles of the road from the Mississippi river north of St. Cloud via that city, Fair Haven, South Haven, Smith Lake, Winsted, Glencoe, Arlington, Mankato, St. Clair and Freeborn to Albert Lea. A contract was let to Eastern parties to build and equip fifty-two and one-half miles, from Alebrt Lea to Mankato, and completed to turn over by January 1, 1906. Stock and bonds were voted to be issued and $1,040,000, face value were issued and were to be certified by the "Royal Trust Co.," of Chicago, who had been selected as trustee, and turn them back to company as earned.

The road was being built on from Albert Lea towards Mankato, near forty miles when the officials of the Milwaukee and St. Paul got very busy as a road was being built which was five miles shorter than theirs from Albert Lea to Mankato, while they had been interfering the whole season, but now induced the contractor, to ask a surrender of his contract on # false pretex that the company had not furnished him right of way, owned in fee and had forbidden the Royal Trust Company from turning over any certified bonds when there were $85,000, par value, that had been earned and was due. Some of Captain Reed's associates in the enterprise who had been of great help to him got the building of the road on its feet, got weak kneed and wanted to give up, notwithstanding that the contractor had furnished a surety bond for $50,000 as a for feiture if the contract was not complied with, After protest ing for weeks against surrendering of the contract Mr. Ree was compelled to give in, but not until the contractor was foreed to put up money enough to reimburse every fully p@ stockholder of the association.

Axel H. Reed, Jr

April 15, 1869, Captain Reed married Hannah Antoinette Morrison, daughter of Moses Morrison and Mary Cressey Morrison, of Bradford, New Hampshire, and who came to Minnesota with her parents in 1855.

Four children were born to this union, viz: Cora, Lydia, Nelly Antoinette, Axel Hayford, and Frank Elisha. Cora graduated from Stevens Seminary. After a course at Hamline University, she spent five years studying music with Prof, Zoch, a noted German teacher and now teaches musie and lives at home. Axel Hayford, Jr., attended school in his home town and after taking a business course at a business college in Washington, D. C., returned to Glencoe, and a successful business man. He married Wilhelmina Wadel, daughter of Mr, and Mrs. Edward Wadell, of Glencoe, November 25, 1901, Three boys have been born, Axel Hayford (third), Edward William and Carl Bradford. The family reside in Glencoe,

Frank Elisha graduated from Stevens Seminary in 1898, after taking a term of schooling at Columbia Academy, of Washington, D. C. He graduated from the University of Minnesota, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1902, and with the degree of Bachelor of Law in 1904. He was graduate Manager of athletics of the University, from 1904 to 1907 inelusive, He entered the practice of law at Minneapolis, Min- Nesota, in 1904 and became associated with S. A. Reed under the firm name of Reed & Reed, which continued until the death of 8. A. Reed in 1908. In addition to belonging to many Societies he is a member of the military order of the Loyal Legion, and has taken great interest in militia matters, joining Company A of the First Minnesota National Guards, as a Drivate upon their organization, being awarded well earned Promotion through all the grades up to Captain and Adjutant of the regiment during near a six months service with them on the Mexican border, in Texas. November 7, 1916, he was elected by the Republicans, of Minneapolis, as a member of nneapolis Dec, 27, 1916. Nelly Antoinette, a very promising child, died of scarlet fever at Bradford, N. H., in November, 5, when 22 months old, while visiting with her parents at

Axel Hayford Reed, Jr., a prominent business man of Glen- Coe, Minn., eldest son of the late Capt. A. H. Reed, a memoir °l Whom may be found elsewhere in this volume, was born in

'lencoe, Minn., April 12, 1876. He received a thorough education in the excellent public schools of Glencoe, it being supplemented by a course at the Spencerian Business College at

Washington, D.C. For the next four years he was engaged in the livery business in Glencoe, after which he took up state highway contracting, at the same time conducting his father's two farms of 160 acres each. In 1908 Mr. Reed purchased a dvay line in Glencoe, which he has conducted successfully for the past nine years, together with his farming and contracting. He is now proprietor of the Meadow Brook Stock Farm, on which he is making a specialty of breeding Durham cattle. For the past 22 years Mr. Reed has been a member of the Glencoe Fire Department - one of the best departments in the atate for towns the size of Glencoe - and, like his father, he has always been interested in whatever was for the good and betterment of his town and county and is a staunch Republican. Mr. Reed was married on Thanksgiving day, Nov. 28, 1901, to Albertine W. Wadel, who was born in Finley Park, Cook county, LL, in 1879, daughter of Edward and Mary (Miller) Wadel. He and his wife are the parents of three sons: Axel Hayford, horn Sept. 19, 1902; Edward William, born Sept. 29, 1909; and Carl Bradford, born May 25, 1915.

Captain Frank E. Reed was born at Glencoe, MeLeod county, Minn., June 19, 1880, son of Captain Axel Hayford and Antoinette (Morrison) Reed. His grandparents on the paternal side were Sampson and Huldah (Bisbee) Reed, the grandfather, Sampson, being a farmer and drover of Hartford, Oxford county, Me., whose father was from Groton, Mass, A great great grandfather of our subject, on the maternal side, was Elisha Bisbee, Sr., Who was lieutenant of a corps of blacksmiths in the Revolutionary war; while Charles Bisbee of East Bridgewater, Mass., was direct ancestor of Huldah Bisbee, Mr. Reed's grandmother. Frank E,. Reed was given his early education in the public schools of Glencoe, following which he became a student at Stevens Seminary and was graduated there in 1898. He then entered the University of Minnesota, where he completed the academic course in 1902 with the degree of bachelor of arts, and following this entered the law department of the game institution, being graduated in 1904 with the degree of Bachelor of Law. In 1904 Capt. Reed was elected graduate manager of athletics at the University and continued in that position until January 1, 1908. He commenced the practice of law in June, 1904, with the firm of Reed and Dunn - Sampson A. Reed, a cousin, and James Dunn - and later was admitted to partnership, the firm becoming Reed, Dunn and Reed. This continued until Mr. Dunn went to Seattle, Washington, at which Lime the firm became Reed and Reed. This style was used until the death of Sampson A. Reed, March 31, 1908, since which date Capt. Reed has been engaged alone in practice, In oil Capt, Reed served as assistant clerk of the Judiciary Committee in the House of Representatives and in 1913 was chief clerk, In 1916 he was elected to the House of Representatives from the Thirty-first Legislative District, Hennepin county, Minn. Capt, Reed comes by his title as a member of the First Minnesota Infantry, He entered as a private of Company B, May 26, 1905. On June 21, 1910, he was elected first lieutenant of that company and on J uly 27, 1911, was commissioned captain and regimental adjutant. On June 19, 1916, he answered the President's call for troops for the Mexican border service and went with the First Minnesota Infantry to the Mexican border, July 12, 1916, remaining there until Dec. 19, 1916, when he was granted a leave of absence to serve his term in the legislature as representative. March 14, 1917, he was mustered out of the United States' service and on March 25, 1917, arain answered the President's call for troops, being given a leave of absence of the House of Representatives of the Minnesota legislature for the purpose of serving with the First Minnesota Infantry, Capt. Reed holds membership in two fraternities of the University of Minnesota - the Alpha Delta Phi and the Phi Delta Phi. He is also a member of Minnesota Commardery, Modern Woodmen of America; Lodge No. 44 of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; Minnesota Lodge, No, 224, A. F, & A. M.; Ark Chapter No. 53, R. A. M.; Mounted Commandery, No, 23, Minneapolis, Minn., and the Zurah Temple, A. A. O..N. -S. He has taken a prominent part in movements of general Welfare and has repeatedly demonstrated his good citizenship 48 a member of the Minneapolis Civic and Commerce Association, He was married to Gladys N. Cooper, Dee, 27, 1916, Edward Wadel, and his wife. Mary (Miller) Wadel, parents of Mrs. Axel H. Reed, Jr., were born in Germany and as young People came to America. They were married in 1864 at Blue Island, Cook county, Ill., and in the year 1883 came to Minne- S0ta und settled on a farm in Glencoe township, McLeod county, Where Mr, Wadel followed agricultural pursuits until the year 1887, He and his wife then retired to Glencoe, where they now tide and are numbered among the respected and representa- Ve citizens, They have been the parents of six children; Fee Sons and three daughters: William, of St. Paul, Minn., Who ig Vice-president of the Van-Tilberg Oil Company; Kath- Wife of W, G. Gould, one of the representative citizens of Jencoe; August, who is deceased; Henry, a resident of lencoe, Where he is engaged in business as a paper-hanger and decorator; Albertine, now Mrs. Axel H, Reed, Jr., of Glenoe; and Helena, wife of Loren Butler, who is a rural mail 48ent, connected with the Glencoe post office. »E, Hubbard, secretary and treasurer of the Auto Pull Company, Incorporated, and one of the leading business men of McLeod county, was born in Dryden township, Sibley county, Minn., Sept. 21, 1878. His parents were Norman and Frances J. (Dresser) Hubbard, natives of New York state. The father, Norman Hubbard, born in Wales, Erie county, N. Y., March 21, 1832, came west to Illinois in 1855, and to Minnesota in 1857. He was married to Frances J. Dresser, July 15, 1858. She was born in Dansville, Livingston county, N. Y., July 15, 1841, and removed to Illinois in 1845 and to Minnesota in 1857. Here, a few years later, she passed through the Indian outbreak, when everyone's life was in peril, and during which she witnessed many exciting events. There were seven children born to Norman and Frances J. (Dresser) Hubbard, as follows: James E., born Feb, 28, 1860, who died Sept. 28, 1863; A. A. Hubbard, born March 27, 1862; Edith May, born Sept. 20, 1864, who died May 19, 1866; Paulina J., born Sept. 16, 1866; Hattie F., born Feb. 28, 1871; Lucy F., born Oct. 9, 1872; Roy E., born Sept. 21, 1878. Norman Hubbard died Aug. 14, 1898, and his wite is now a resident of New Auburn, Sibley county, Minn. R. E. Hubbard was educated in the public schools of New Auburn, after which he engaged in the ditching and drainage contracting business, which he has since followed very successfully in various states, where he has become well and favorably known. Besides owning a caterpillar ditching outfit, he is interested in four other outfits of a similar kind, which have proved profitable investments. He has at different times been financially interested in farm lands, formerly owning 620 acres in Renville county, Minn., and now being the owner of land in North Dakota. Aside from his connection with the Auto Pull Manufacturing Company above mentioned, Mr. Hubbard is vicepresident of the Glencoe Ditching Company, a stockholder of the Arlington Cement Stone Works, of Arlington, Minn., and president of the Glencoe Foundry and Machine Company, in whose plant the auto pull tractor is now being manufactured. The Auto Pull Company, Inc., was organized in Minneapolis, July 26, 1916, and on Dec. 9, 1916, was taken over by the present company and the factory removed to Glencoe, they taking over the old foundry there in which to establish their plant. This gives them a floor space of about 20,000 square | feet and they have a daily capacity of about 25 machines, The auto pull attachment, or tractor, which is rapidly coming into favor with farmers wherever it has been introduced, is a simple device to attach to a Ford car, which converts it into a tractor by decreasing the speed and proportionally increasing the pulling power. It is easily and quickly attached and detached and does not injure or disfigure the car. Neither does it injure the motor or working parts of the car, as the car does not do the pulling, but simply furnishes the motive power; the attachment, in fact, pushes the car along, the combination doing the work of four or five good horses. A wide range of work can be done with it, such as pulling breakers, seeding and discing machines, binders, loaded wagons, road graders, ete., or it can be used to operate circular saws and other farm machinery, having been thoroughly tested in all these various capacities. The officers of the company are: George McAllister, president; C. L. Olmstead, vice-president; R. E. Hubbard, Secretary and treasurer. The directors include the above mentioned officers, together with H. L. Simons. Mr. Hubbard is a member of Hope Lodge, No. 42, A. F, & A. M., of Glencoe, also of Glencoe Chapter No. 38, R. A. M. and of the Camp of Modern Woodmen of America at New Auburn. His favorite recreations are hunting, fishing and automobiling. Dee, 24, 1904, he Was united in marriage with Cecil B. Woodbeck, of Hoopeston, lll., and has two children: Ua C., born March 28, 1906, and Edith L., born May 4, 1908. He and his family are affiliated religiously with the Congregational church. In politics he is a epublican,

George Oliva, proprietor of "Good View Farm," consisting of 119 acres in section 22, Hutchinson township, was born in this 8eetion and township October 15, 1884. His parents were John and Annie (Limbersky) Oliva, the former of whom, a native of Austria, came to the United States in 1872. After living three years in Racine, Wis., he came to Hutchinson township, cLeod county, buying 80 acres in section 22, where he resided 30 years. He is now 88 years old and lives with his son, the Subject of this sketch. His wife died January 6, 1909, at the 4ge of 66 years. George Oliva was the ninth born of ten child. ren, the first three of whom were born in Austria. He remain. ed and worked on the home farm until reaching the age of 21, at Which time he came to his present farm. Here he has made Some notable improvements, in 1914 building his present resi- "ence, which is an 8-room, two story, frame building, with full basement, supplied with furnace heat and acetylene lighting: System. His barn was built in 1910 and measures 50 x 76 x 16 fect, a frame building with acetylene lighting facilities. Mr.

va keeps 28 head of graded Guernsey cattle, milking 23 °f them. One acre of his farm is set, out with fruit trees, His Place presents a prosperous and up-to-date appearance and Marks him as #% man of industry and enterprise, and it is P leasing to say that he is meeting with a well deserved succegs.

tr - Oliva was united in marriage, May 5, 1908, with Rose : Iska, of Rich Valley township, who was born in Hutchinson township, December 25, 1886, daughter of James and Josephine lihal) Miska. Her father, a native of Austria, came to erica with hig parents in 1872 and went to farming in Rich

Valley township, where he is now residing at the age of 58 years, his wife being 49, They had 12 children, of whom Mrs. Oliva was the eldest. Mr. Oliva is a member of the Z. C. B. J. at Bohemian Hall, Hutchinson township. He and his wife have one child, Doris Fay, who was born February 7, 1909.

John Oliva, a well known farmer and dairyman of Hutchingon township, proprietor of "Fairview Farm" of 141 acres in section 22, was born in Austria, April 23, 1863, and came to America with his parents, John and Annie (Limbersky) in 1872. They located first in Racine, Wis., remaining there three years, and then coming to Hutchinson township, McLeod county, Minn. John Oliva remained on the parental homestead until he was 28 years old. Then, in 1891, he purchased hig present farm and has since been engaged in operating it. He has made some valuable improvements on the property, building the present residence in 1913. It is a brick veneer, two-story, 8-room house, with full basement and heated by furnace. He uses acetylene lights in the house and outbuildings and also for cooking. In 1906 he built a substantial frame barn, 80 x 80 x 14 feet, with basement, and which is furnished with a litter carrier. He also has a silo, 16 by 32 feet. Mr. Oliva keeps 48 head of shorthorn cattle, all being full bloods and 16 milkers. He feeds seven head per year of Poland China hogs and has 400 buff leghorn chickens, from which he gets about 15 dozen eggs per day. Wight acres of his farm is sown with alfalfa, which is the only grass he uses for hay. His enterprise is shown by the fact that he does much of his farm work with a tractor, He is a stockholder in the creamery and elevator at Hutchinson and a member of the Z. C, B. J. He was married in March, 1891, to Annie Mikulecky, of Hutchinson, who was born in McLeod county, a daughter of Joseph and Sophia (Stritecky) Oliva, her father being a farmer by occupation. He and his wife have two children: Edward, residing at home, and Libby, who died in 1912 at the age of 18 years-

William J. Martens, proprietor of a well improved farm of 240 acres in section 29, Lynn township, was born in Carver county, Minn., October 5, 1866, son of George, Sr., and Wilhelmina (Wendt) Martens. The father was born in Brandenburg, West Prussia, October 30, 1839, his parents being Joseph and Mary (Wienke) Martens. When George was six months old his father died and he was reared by his mother, who lived antil 1856. George Martens learned the trade of mason, which he followed in his native land. He came to America in 1864, residing one year in Chicago. From there he came to Minnesota, renting a farm for two years in Carver county. He then settled in Lynn township, McLeod county, buying 200 acres in section 27, for which he paid $3.00 an acre, On this farm he has since resided - a period of 49 years, At one time, about 1894, he owned 500 acres. He passed through all the experiences of a Pioneer settler. His first house was built of slough grass, thatched and with a clay floor, the inside walls being plastered With clay; it was also provided with a clay chimney, In this he lived for three years, beginning his farming operations with the help of an ox team. His next house was built of logs, 20 x 30, with thatched roof, and it served for his residence until 1881, at which time he built a frame house of the same size, The population of Lynn township then numbered six families and they were obliged to do their trading at Carver and Chaska, it taking a week to make the trip with an ox team. Wheat brought 35 cts, a bushel at Chaska and oats. 15 ets., and of Course it had to be hauled. Wood was hauled from a point six miles north of Hutchison, The first year Mr. Martens raised Potatoes, the second year he had seven acres of wheat, which he cut with a cradle, He cut 80 loads of hay with a scythe, bis wife helping him by raking it. George Marten's marriage to Wilhelmina Wendt was solemnized September 13, 1864, She Was born in Brandenburg, West Prussia, Germany, May 2, 1843, being a daughter of John and Mary (Krey) Wendt. Her ather, a German farmer, came to America in 1865 and resided With his son-in-law, George Martens, until his death in 1878. Mrs, Mary (Krey) Wendt died in Germany in 1855. George, r., and Wilhelmina Martens were the parents of six children: William J., subject of this memoir; Mary, wife of Karl Plath, a farmer of Lynn township; Simon, who is also farming in this township; John, who died in infancy; George J., Jv., who is farming on the homestead; and Anna, wife of Julia Zipf, a farmer of Yynn township. William J. Martens resided on the ©me farm until his marriage in 1890, and then bought 160 acres, N. B, quarter, sec, 29, in Lynn township, where he is still located. In 1906 he bought 80 acres more, the north 14 and 80utheast 4, of the same section. In 1904 he rebuilt the house, Which is a commodious frame structure of 10 rooms. The barn, @ Stone structure, 30 x 72 feet, he rebuilt in 1901. It is provided With a good basement and holds 40 cattle and eight horses. Mr.

artens cuts 100 tons of hay and has one acre in fruit. His erd of graded Guernsey cattle consists of 35 head, of which Je milks 21, He also raises Duroc-Jersey swine. It is interestane to note that Mr, Martens harvests his grain with a binder, "<" Years old, which he bought when he commenced farming, 4nd which owing to his intelligent handling is still as good as new, In August, 1916, he bought a four cylinder, 40-horse PoWer engine. He was married June 11, 1890, to Mary Plath, who was born September 18, 1868, a daughter of Fred and B rederika (Wollert) Plath. Her father, a native of Germany, came to America in 1863, he and his wife being married near Elgin, Ill., where they lived until 1886. They then came to Mc- Leod county and bought land in Lynn township, which they farmed until 1904. They then retired to Hutchinson, where he died Jan. 24, 1917, since which time he has lived with his son, Carl. Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Martens have four children: Emma, born March 19, 1891; Annie, born Nov. 28, 1892; Albert, born March 21, 1895; and Carl, born March 3, 1898. The family are members of the German Evangelical church. Emma, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs, W. J. Martens, was married June 29, 1916, to Louis Goetzka, son of Frank and Emma (Sitz) Goetzka, the marriage taking place at the German Evangelical church in Lynn township, of which both had been faithful members since childhood. Mr, and Mrs. Louis Goetzka now live on the Goetzka farm in Lynn township, and make a home for his parents, the original owners of the place.

Edward Frederick Sitz, pioneer, and for many years a substantial citizen of Lynn township, was born in Bromberg, Germany, Dec. 27, 1837, son of August and Eva (Zinn) Sitz, who immigrated to this country in 1858, and lived in Kenosha, Wis., until 1863 when they came to McLeod county, and here spent the remainder of their lives. Soon after the arrival of the family, Edward F. Sitz started out for himself and secured 160 acres of land in Lynn township, where he started agricultural operations. On this place he built a log house and there established his bride. Together they toiled to improye their place, and with joys and hardships and privations combined, they passed the years until their efforts had been crowned with guecess, and they became known as leading people in the com~- munity. The original tract was increased to 300 acres, the wild prairie gave place to well tilled fields, the log house was replaced by a sightly frame dwelling, and the straw shed was replaced with a large barn and commodious out-buildings. While never seeking public office, Mr. Sitz was interested in the progress and betterment of the community and did excellent service as clerk of his school district. He was a stockholder in the creamery at Lynn, and helped in their success. His death, April 18, 1900, was sincerely mourned, His widow now makes her home in Hutchinson. Mr. Sitz was married May 4, 1863, to Augusta Heller, who was born in Chieffelbein, Germany, Jan, 7, 1845, and came to America in 1854 with her parents, Carl and Carolina (Prust) Heller, who lived a while in Burlington, Wis,, and in 1862 came to McLeod county and located in Acoma township. Mrs. Sitz has most vivid memories of the stirring days of the Indian Massacre when the family took shelter in the Stockade at Hutchinson. Mr. and Mrs. Sitz had nine children: Helen, Frederick, Emma, Louise, Alvina,

Edward F., Martha, Alma and Bernard. Helen is the wife of Herman Dittman, of Alberta, Minn., and they have one child, Hattie, who is now Mrs. Louis Bethke. Frederick died in infancy. Emma is the wife of Frank Goetzka, of Heatwold, Minn. and they have one child, Louis. Louise is the wife of Louis Retzlaff, of Cedar Mills, Minn., and they have three children, Martha, Lydia and Walter. Alvina is now Mrs. August Steffen, of Hutchinson, Edward F. lives in Lynn township. He married Edith M. Todd, and has two children, Edward Frederick and Edith Marjorie. Martha lives in Hutchinson. Alma is the wife of Walter Bonniwell of Lynn township, and they have one child, Clifford. Bernard married Beulah Baldwin and lives in San Francisco, Cal, The family faith is that of the Evangelical Lutheran church,

Julius Sitz, a well to do farmer, proprietor of 'Grand View Farm," of 240 acres in section 8, Lynn township, was born on this farm March 11, 1878, His father, Wm. Sitz, was born in Prussia, Germany, and came to this country in 1857. He Went first to Kenosha, Wis., where he remained seven years, engaged in farming. Then coming to McLeod county, he home- Steaded the land on which the subject of this sketch now lives and resided on it until 1906. He then retired and moved to Hutchinson, where he is now living at the age of 76 years. His Wife, whose maiden name was Albertine Mallow, is living at the age of 64, Julius Sitz worked for his father until 1897. At that time, being 24 years old, he decided to start in for himself and accordingly purchased the southwest quarter of Section 8, which he farmed until 1906. He then sold that Property and bought the old homestead in which he now Tesides, the place being now well improved. He keeps 38 head of graded short horn cattle, milking 14, and also raises a good many horses and Plymouth Rock chickens. He is actively Connected with the creamery at West Lynn and is a stockholder Mm the Bank of Hutchinson. His religious affiliations are with the Lutheran church, May 20, 1897, Mr. Sitz married Helen Streich, who was born in Wright county, June 19, 1876, a daughter of Ernest and Ottilia (Mielke) Streich, Her father Was a native of Germany who came to America when three years old, with his parents. He became a pioneer of Wright County and died in 1901 at the age of 48 years. His wife sur- Vived him about 10 years, dying in 1911, at the age of 56. Mr. and Mrs, Sitz have four children: Arthur, born May 19, 1898; Lydia, born November 9, 1899; Herbert and Hubert (twins),

7, 1859, only son of George and Frederika (Ehlert) Damlow. The father, who was born in 1823 and died in 1896, was a shepherd. His wife, whose maiden name was Frederika Rackow, was born in 1826 and died in 1899. Wilhelm Damlow was married in Germany October 29, 1882, to Carolina Kempfert, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Theodore Kemfert. Wilhelm Damlow came to the United States in 1883. He first spent four years in the vicinity of Huntley, Ill, and then coming to Minnesota, rented farms in McLeod county till 1900, In 1900 he purchased his present farm home. He purchased his farm entirely on his credit, has a good dairy herd, and raises hogs to help lift the mortgage. From 1901 to 1915 he was a director in the West Lynn Co-operative Creamery and rendered public service for three years, as treasurer of school district No. 20. Mr. and Mrs. Damlow have been blessed with six children, two of whom are now deceased. Albert died in Nov., 1889, at the age of five years. A day later Fred died at the age of three years. Both were buried in the same grave on the same day. The living are: Wilhelm H,, Johann, Minnie, and Carl, all residing at home. Wilhelm H. was enumerator of the thirteenth census of the United States, April 15, 1910, for Lynn township, including a part of Hutchinson City. He was vice-president of the MeLeod Gounty Union A. S. of E. during 1916, has been road overseer for his district since 1915, and has also been president of the West Lynn Local Union American Society of Equity since its organization February 12, 1914. He considers it the greatest society of all, standing for equal rights and justice to all. The family are members of the German Evangelical church in the township of Lynn.

Mads C. Madsen, president and manager of the Hutchinson Brick and Tile Company, incorporated, was born in Denmark, December 29, 1860, son of Nels and Christina (Christiansen) Madsen. He acquired a good education in the schools of his native land and there grew to manhood, after leaving school serying an apprenticeship to the bricklayer's trade, which he thoroughly learned. In 1882, with the view of bettering his condition, he came to the United States, locating in Hutchinson, Minn., where for two years he worked at his trade. He then engaged in contracting, which business he followed until 1914. For the past 25 years, however, he had been studying the process of tile manufacture, with the view of improving it, and his efforts in this direction finally bore fruit in the establishment of the Hutchinson Brick & Tile Co. As founder of this important industry he has conferred a distinct benefit upon the city, My. Madsen has served on both the city council and the board of education. Since 1884 he has been greatly interested in, and a hard worker for, the cause of prohibition, and in 1906 was the candidate of that party for the legislature in this district. He was first married in 1884 to Christine Thompson, a native of Denmark. She died February 3, 1915, at the age of 48 years, after having borne her husband eleven children: Viggo, a contractor in Minneapolis; Nettie, now deceased, who was the wife of J. R. Julian, a real estate dealer of Phoenix, Arizona; Walter, secretary and treasurer of the Hutchinson Brick & Tile Company; Leon, who is sales manager for the Twin City Pressed Brick Company, of St. Paul; Alta, now Mrs. F. O. Brigham, of Stanley, N. D.; Alma, now Mrs. Joseph Zavoral, of Hutchinson; George, a bricklayer and contractor; and Marie, Matthew, Orville anl Wilbur, who are the younger Members of the family. Mr. Madsen, June 24, 1916, married for his second wife, Mrs. Laura Madson, whose first husband, Christian Madson, died March 23, 1902.