Washington County, Minnesota - Chapter with an unread heading (no. 52 of those read), 1881

Graphical

VILLAGE OF MARINE - FIRST CLAIM - MARINE LUMBER COMPANY - STORES - POST-OFFCES - TOWN RECORDS - VILLAGE CHARTER - ARCOLA MILLS - VASA - SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES - TOPOGRAPHY OF MARINE TOWNSHIP - BIO¬ GRAPHICAL.

The village of Marine is located on high ground overlooking the St. Croix river, about twelve miles above Stillwater. It is particularly de¬ scribed as on sections six and seven, township thirty-one, range nineteen, and sections one and twelve, township thirty-one. range twenty J In addition to the St. Croix, which sweeps along forming its eastern limit, a brook which affords power to the mills, flows through and determined the location of the village. This brook takes its rise in, and is furnished with its crystal waters by large springs. Two smaller brooks, taking their rise in these springs, have their confluence within the limits of the village as now platted. The little brook is here stopped in its gambols and made to perform duty in turning the wheels of a flouring mill, and just below is caught again and conveyed to the saw-mill, whose wheels it also turns.

Let us now look back a little more than forty years to the time when this little brook was al¬ lowed to run as it would, and see the condition of things at that time, following the changes up to the present.

in the winter of 1837, and the Bteamer Palmyra was chartered at St. Louis to take up men, sup¬ plies and mill machinery for the enterprise. This steamer, the first on the St. Croix river, landed at St. Croix, July 16th, 1838, and as it brought the pioneer party no improvements were visible at any point on the St. Croix; indeed the same could be said at that date from Prairie du Chien north. One of the party by the Palmyra, L. W. Stratton, took opportunity during the winter fol¬ lowing to make a claim for himself, and, accord¬ ingly, stuck the first stake at Marine, December 12th, 1838, which was the first claim. Stratton cleared a portion of his land and put up twentyfive cords of wood for the use of the steamboats, ^he first work of the kind done, it is said, above Prairie du Chien.

In the fall of 1838, Lewis S. Judd and David Hone of Marine, Illinois, selected this place for their operations, and returning home by the same boat on which they came up, formed a company in their native town, consisting of Orange Walker, Hiram Berkey, A. C. S. Parker, Lewis Judd, George B. Judd, Albert Judd, Dr. Green, Lucius Green, William B. Dibble, David Hone, Joseph Cotrell, Samuel Burkleo and James M. Parker, for the purpose of lumbering. During the fol¬ lowing winter arrangements were perfected and the company set out in the early spring for the St. Croix. They reached Marine on the 13th of May, 1839, and simply providing a temporary shelter or shanty, began operations on the mill. They were provided with suplies for a year, and the machinery for a new mill, brought with them. Fall found them with the frame of the mill up, one muley saw and. flutter wheel in position and some lumber was manufactured. By this means lumber manufacturing in the valley was begun; the fall of 1839 is the date of its beginning and Marine has the honor of inaugurating the busi¬ ness.

The company were accompanied by McKnight, a competent mill- wright, and Joseph McElroy, blacksmith. During the winter following, '39- '40, two thousand logs or 800,000 feet were cut. Only four men were employed in the woods, all members of the company, Parker, Berkey, Dib- ble and Lucius Green. In the general manage¬ ment of the business, the work was thus divided; Parker superintended the logging, Berkey the mill, and Walker the store. It should be mentioned here that Marine led the van in St. Croix Valley not alone in the manufacture of lumber, but in trade, for, as above intimated, the company es¬ tablished a store immediately and sold the first goods, aside from the Indian traders, In the valley of the St. Croix.

During the second season, an overshot wheel was put in, also an additional saw, making the capacity of the mill, 1,000,000 feet per annum. No permanent buildings were erected here until after the government survey in 1847-'48. The first frame building was built by the company on the point as a residence for Samuel Burkleo. This house remodeled to its present style, is owned and occujiled by Hiram Berkey. After the building of this house, others soon followed.

The first house, excluding the shanty built on the arrival of the company, was a log house, since demolished, built in the spring of 1840 for a boarding house for men employed by the company. This was 40x28 feet, and was located south of the presentjlocation of Walker, Judd and Veazie's store. The first marriages were; William B. Dib¬ ble and Eliza McCauslin in the winter of 1842; in 1844, Samuel Burkleo and Susan McCauslin; in April, 1848, B. T. Otis and Mrs. Jane Ann Church. Rev. W. T. Boutwell officiated in ail of these occasions.

The first birth at Marine, was that of a son, Orange to Samuel Burkleo, date not ascertained; the second, Henry to the same parents, February, 1847; the third, a child of Mr. Waterman, bom May, 1847; the fourth, Flora Ann Otis, now Mrs. McDonald, of Marine township, a daughter of B. T. Otis by his first wife, a half-breed, bom in the fall of 1847; the fifth, a daughter of J. K. Meredith, bom February 2d, 1848, named Mar¬ tha Jane.

The first death was a child of William Noble, about 1843, in the fall; the body was subse¬ quently removed to St. Paul; the second, the wife of B. T. Otis, in the winter of 1847. The circum¬ stances of this death were peculiarly trying. Mr. Otis went to the woods, leaving his wife with James Brown and wife (both women were halfbreeds!. During his absence Mrs. Otis was sick with ague and sent by Brown for calomel. On his return he brought two packages resembling each other, but one containing strychnine and the other the medicine required. He put them in separate pockets, changing his memory with their contents. Unfortunately his memory proved treacherous, and the woman received the wrong package and died from the dose taken before re¬ lief could be obtained. The third death was that of George Leapler, an employe of the company.

Some of the original company died; Lucius Green, about 1845, in the summer; Lewis S. Judd, in December, 1848. Both died at Marine, Illi¬ nois. Samuel Judd, of the firm Walker, Judd and Veazie, is a son of the last named deceased.

A law suit, said to be the first held in Wiscon¬ sin territory, west of the St. Croix, was held at Marine; Joseph R. Brown, justice; jury impanneled: S. Burkleo, Orange Walker, H. Berkey, David Hone, Joseph Haskell, James Norris, Francis Nason, Alexander McIIattie, Andrew Mackey, Hiram Sweezy, and two others. The case was one of claim jumping between Philan¬ der Prescott and Charles D. Foote; the land in dispute was at Prescott but the case was brought to Marine for trial because a jury could there be obtained. The jury would make no decision without viewing the premises, and for this pur¬ pose embarked in canoes for Prescott in company with the parties to the suit. At Stillwater the boats were abandoned in consequence of ice in the lake, and the remainder of .the journey was accomplished on land. A further inconvenience was encountered on their return, for the birch bark canoes had disappeared and only a little ashes re¬ mained to indicate their fate.

The first road was the old government road leading from Point Douglas, via Stillwater, Mar¬ ine and Taylor's Falls, to Superior City on Lake Superior.

The first farming was done by the Marine Lum¬ ber Company. They broke five or six acres the first season, 1839, and raised com and potatoes. The second season increased the acreage to about twenty.

on section 10, township 31, range 19, where he made some improvements and built a house. Mr. Otis was the first, aside from the company, to try farming. After the death of his wife, he sold in the spring of 1848, to one Blake, who in turn sold to a man named Harvey. In April of that year, Otis married again, and settled July, 1849, on section 30, township 32, range 19. Here he broke fen acres in 1849, and put in a crop; after an absence in the woods, accompanied by his wife, he returned and put in a second crop in 1851

Cartwell, a German, also began farming in 1849, on the farm now owned by Abe. Johnson, section 81, township 32, range 19; he remained about five years, after which he returned to his former home at Dubuque.

Edward Von Kuster settled in the spring of 1850 on section 26, where he remained about ten years and sold to Fred. W. Lammers, who still resides on the place. The old house is still standing, though used for other purposes than a residence.

Three Swedes, August Sandahl, O. ltoos and Charles Farnstrom followed in farming enter¬ prise: they settled in section 27, in the spring of 1851, but made small improvements. In the fall of the same year, Daniel Nelson and Magnus Englund opened a farm on section 21. They were married men and made valuable improve¬ ments on their farm.

John Peterson in 1853 appears to be the next. He settled on section 15, township 32, range 19, and brought a family of eight children with him. The first wheat was raised in 1854 by Hugh Camp¬ bell on section 31, township 81, range 19. S. V. Anderson is credited with being the second man to raise wheat. His field was on section 85, township 32. range 20. Rye had been produced early by the Swedes, who ground it for use by hand in large coffee mills. The mill, the incipi¬ ent steps of which were previously stated, con¬ tinued in the shape in which we left it at 1840 until 1862, when it was torn down and a mill erected, 60x80 feet, by Judd, Walker and Com¬ pany. The old company had been dissolved and this new one formed. The power of the new mill was derived from a forty foot overshot wheel. Two sash saws, one rotary saw and a lath machine were put in operation. The capacity of the mill as remodeled was 2,000,000 feet of lumber per annum, and 400,000 lath; twenty men were em¬ ployed. It was operated by this company unlil 1863, when Orange Walker became sole proprie¬ tor. Soon after this change in ownership, the mill was destroyed by fire, and Marine was for a few years without a mill. In 1866 a new com¬ pany was organized, consisting of Walker, Judd and Veazie, and the mill at once rebuilt; a little lumber was sawed in the fall of 1806.

The new mill was 70x30 feet, furnished with one double circular saw, one bolter, one lath ma¬ chine, one shingle machine and one edger. The wheel for the new mill was of the same dimen¬ sions as that of the former. Its capacity when complete was 3,000,000 feet per annum.

In the winter of 1872-73 the company de¬ termined to enlarge their mill and business. Ac¬ cordingly this mill was torn down and a new one constructed 102x56 feet, two stories. A seven¬ teen and one-half inch Leffel wheel furnishes the power; and a forty-two foot head was secured. An engine was also introduced by which addi¬ tional power can be furnished. The combined power of water and steam is rated at one hundred and eight horse-power. To the saws employed in the old mill were added a gang-edger and trimmer. A planer and siding machine have since been added, and also a run of stone for a feed mill. The present capacity of the mill is about 75,000 feet per day, or about 9,000,000 per annum.

The mill is under the same management as at the time of its construction - Walker, Judd and Veazie. This company have also a boom at Marine with a capacity of 12,000,000 feet.

The company usually have cut about 9,000,000 feet of logs in the pineries, but during the winter of 1880-'81 it amounted to nearly double the usual amount. Walker, Judd and Veazie have other branches, such as a store, stage, steamboat and telephone. The history of the store may be given briefly in this place.

The original Marine lumber company, as pre¬ viously intimated, brought some goods with them. They were not, however, well furnished for this branch of business and sold little. In 1842 or 1843 they built the little store now used by C. G. Lindquist, about 14x16 feet, and in¬ creased their small stock. In 1847 they built a larger building, two stories, and used the lower floor for a store and the upper part for sleeping rooms. In 1850 this gave place to one still larger, 24x40 feet, and two stories, with a warehouse 80x30. In 1862 George B. Judd, Orange Walker and Com¬ pany became proprietors, continuing in the same store on the south-west comer of block seven. This company dissolved in 1862, Walker forming a partnership with Samuel Judd; George B. Judd and Gaskill then occupied the former store.

Walker and Judd opened a store on the south¬ east corner of block three. In 1866 they took in a Mr. Veazie as partner, and the firm was styled Walker, Judd and Veazie. In 1870, this last named firm built a new store, the largest at this time in Marine. It is 30x70 feet, two stories and basement, and does a large business in general merchandise and lumbermen's supplies. The company have another store at station Veazie on the Nimikogin river and Northern Wisconsin rail¬ road, opened in 1871; this is a one and a half story building, 24x30. They also have a hotel at Vea¬ zie station, 30x30, with an L 20x40 feet, and stable room for two hundred horses. Veazie is their distributing point for the lumber camps. The hotel though twice burned has been promptly rebuilt. In 1875 this company bought a half in¬ terest in the steamboat G. B. Knapp, and are now joint owners with Smith Ellison, of Taylor's Falls. This boat makes daily trips from Prescott to Tay¬ lor's Falls.

Stages. Walker, Judd and Veazie run a daily stage from Marine to Stillwater. Abe Johnson, proprietor of the livery stable, also runs a daily stage between the same points.

Other stores. Judd and Gaskill, as previously stated, began in 1862. They continued business in company until January 9tli, 1864, when the building occupied was consumed by fire, though a large part of their goods were saved. After this, Gaskill joined the army while Judd prepared to build again on the same location, occupying what is now the St. Croix house as a store while his building was progressing. He occupied the new store until his death in 1872, when it passed into the hands of his two daughters, under the management of George F. Sabin. The business was closed out in the spring of 1875.

II. F. Boock, after the erection of the building which subsequently became the St. Croix house, in 1857, entered into partnership with Axel Youngrein, in general merchandise, in the new building. The concern failed after about two years.

Marine flour and grist mill was commenced in the summer of 1856 by Gaskill and Company; the company being Judd, Walker and Company. In September, 1857, manufacture of flour was begun. In 1859 the company was styled Judd, Walker and Gaskill ; in 1862 it was Judd and Gaskill, and in 1864 George B. Judd became sole proprietor. In 1872 in consequence of the death of Mr. Judd the mill was carried on by his executors until 1878, when his son, George F. Judd became of age and assumed the business. The mill is 51x56 feet, four stories. As first built, it contained two buhrs but a third was afterward introduced by the orignal company. Its power was obtained from an overshot wheel, and the mill when built was acknowledged to be the best in the state. The mill has been repaired and remodeled by the present owner, receiving one new run of stone, two purifiers, one set of rollers and a thirteen and one quarter inch Leffel turbine wheel, which replaced the old overshot. The fall was increased from forty to sixty feet by conveying the water through a race one thousand feet. This improvement was made in 1879 and from that date high grinding

The establishment of Rose, Magnusen and Com¬ pany, general merchandise, is one of the live in¬ stitutions of the place. Opened by Schmidt and Graf in the spring of 1870, it continued thus to 1879, when Graf removed. In July, 1880, Schmidt sold two-thirds interest to Swen Magnusen and John G. Rose, and the firm continues under the above name. They are increasing their business by the addition of a building 26x46 feet for farm machinery.

Livery is kept by Abe Johnson. The business was begun in 1870 by S. D. Gaskill and Adam Amos, who built the stable. It went into the hands of McKusick and Wagner, and afterward Wagner and McNeal before it was purchased by Johnson, the present owner, lie runs a stage, carrying the mail between Marine and Stillwater.

The Marine brewery was started about 1856 by Kaufman, a German from Hudson, on the lot now owned by George F. Sabin. lie sold to J. J. Groff and Son, who in 1865 built larger buildings on the present site. They sold in 1870 to Wichman and Gartner, and in 1880, on the death of Gartner, John F. Wichman became sole proprie¬ tor. He manufactures three hundred barrels of beer annually, using nine hundred bushels of bar¬ ley, employing two men. A saloon in connection is kept by Wichman.

Blacksmithing was begun in Marine by Joseph McElroy, in 1839, under the original lumber com¬ pany. Ilis tragic end and the banging of the In¬ dian murderer, has been previously recorded. In 1845, Zebulon Griffin succeeded McElroy, but in 1848, he went to Areola, and thence to California. Edward Keefe followed to 1853, Joseph Solle to 1857, assisted in 1855-7 by Ole Westergren. In 1857, the latter formed a partnership with Walker Judd and Veazie, in the management of this shop, and in 1860, bought the entire business. Mr. AY estergren has several times enlarged the shop, until at present he gives employment to three men in a shop forty feet square with four forges.

Boots and Shoes. Two shops, one carried on by C. G. Lindquist, and another by Andrew Requist, for manufacture and repair. Each car¬ ries a stock of harness hardware.

The first physician was Dr. AVright, in 1849. He died suddenly of cholera after two years, at the time of the attack stricken with grief from the death of his sister. Dr. J. K. Reiner came in 1853, and united book-keeping for Judd, AValker and Company with his practice, remain¬ ing until 1862, with an interim of two years. Dr. E. Cooley practiced from 1857 to 1864. Dr. J. R. M. Gaskill, now practicing at Marine came in 1855, and engaged in milling. After the war, in which he served honorably, he gave him¬ self to the practice of his profession, and since 1873, has conducted a small drug store in connec¬ tion with his practice.

AVlien travelers first visited Marine, they were entertained at the log boarding-house of the com¬ pany, located just south of where the store now stands. This old boarding-house was kept by Mr. and Mrs. David Ilone. Mrs. Hone was the first white woman in the town. She came with the pioneers of 1839, bringing two children.

The Marine house was the first hotel. This was built by the Marine Lumber Company, in 1840, and was opened in the fall of that year un¬ der the charge of Adam Lightner. He was suc¬ ceeded by Cornelius Lyman, in 1851, AVilliam Johnson in 1852, and then Adam Lightner re¬ sumed. In 1857, M. AVelshons bought, but per¬ mitted it to fall back to AValker, Judd and A'eazie, in 1866. AVilliam Lowell rented until 1871, when Hiram Berkey bought the property. He sold to S. D. Gaskill, and S. D. Gaskill deeded to Mrs. M. M. Judd; it has since reverted to the estate of S. D. Gaskill. Since 1879, it lias been closed as a public house.

The St. Croix house was built in 1857 by II. F. Boock, and afforded rooms at first for two stores and a dwelling. In the spring .of 1808, M. Welhons increased the building, adding suitable conveniences and opened a hotel. Subsequent additions were made, and the house has twentyfive chambers; parlor, sitting room, office, sample room and other conveniences.

Fort Snelling was the nearest post-office until about 1846, when an office was established at Marine, called Marine Mills post-office. Previous to this, Philip Aldrich carried the mail monthly between the fort and Marine. The first postoffice was in the mill company store, Orange Walker post-master. Adam Lightner succeeded Mr. Walker, and A. C. Lull followed. Mr. Walker then received the appointment again, and in 1869 Samuel Judd succeeded him, and has since held the office. The town-house of Marine was built in 1872, of cut stone, quarried near the place. The lot was generously given by Orange Walker. It contains a lock-up, clerk's office and assembly room.

Town Records

The town of Marine was organized October 20th, 1858, and the first meeting held at the gun shop of A. C. Lull, when the following officers were elected: J. It. M. Gaskill, John E. Mower and B. F. Allen, supervisors; A. II. Wilke, town clerk; A. C. Lull and T. P. Cheney, justices of the peace ; Hiram Berkey, assessor ; Orange Walker, overseer of poor; S. B. Clark and Jona¬ than Lawton, constables; John L. Ilill, collector; John E. Mower and M. Weis lions, overseer of roads.

1801. N. C. Draper, A. Tonngren. C. Ekdahl, supervisors; voted two and one-fourth mills on the dollar for all expenses, and three-fourths of a mill for town expenses.

1863. Robert Rich, H. F. Boock and Charles Ekdahl, supervisors; voted two mills on the dol¬ lar for roads and one and a half for town pur¬ poses.

March 1st, 1864, the town supervisors ordered bonds issued for $1,000, payable in one, two and three years, with interest at ten per cent, pay¬ able annually, for the purpose of creating a vol¬ unteer bounty fund. August 6th, 1864, another tax of one per cent, was levied, also it was de¬ termined to issue bonds in sets of three, each $100, payable in one, two and three years, with interest payable annually at seven per cent., and that one set be issued to each volunteer credited to Marine.

1805. Robert Rich, F. W. Lammers and II. Campbell, supervisors; voted one and one-half millB for highway tax and one and one-half mills for town expenses.

Resolved, that a town house be built of stone or brick for the amount of $2,000, and that bonds shall be issued for said amount, payable at ten per cent, and a sinking fund of $200, provided; voted a tax of two mills to cover first payment and interest. P. E. Walker, II. F. Boock and

The charter for Marine village was drafted by Dr. J. R. M. Gaskill, Porter E. Walker and Emil Graf. The limits embrace all that part of the south half of section 31, township 32, and section 6, 7, and the north half of the north half of sec¬ tion 12, township 31, range 19, lying west of the St. Croix river, also the south half of section 36, township 31, and section 1, 12 and the north half of the north half of section 13.

The first election was held at the town house, March 81st, 1875. Orange Walker, president; J. R. M. Gaskill, Ole Westergren and Asa S. Parker, councilmen; P. E. Walker, justice and recorder; P. N. Leveen, marshal ; J. II. Simon¬ son, treasurer. First meeting of the council was held April 1st, 1875, at the store of Walker, Judd and Veazie.

At the time of the Indian massacre of 1862, a company of about forty men was formed at Ma¬ rine, Robert Rich, captain. Fifty stands of arms were furnished by the government but the volun¬ teers preferred their own guns for fighting In¬ dians. The company was not called into service, but were under marching orders sixteen days.

Aucola Mills

Martin Mower; W. II. C. Folsom, John Brews¬ ter and D. B. Lewis formed a company in 1846, for the erection of a mill at this point, which was completed, and sawing began in July. 1847. The mill was 40x60, with one sash saw and an edger. The power was obtained by a water¬ wheel, thirty-four feet in diameter, enclosed in a wheel-house, and the water was brought from a spring about one hundred rods distant. Brewster and Folsom remained but one year, and Loomis withdrew after five years. This mill has a ca¬ pacity of 1,000,000 feet per annum.

In 1856, Martin Mower built a steam saw-mill with a capacity of 2,000,000 feet. In 1869, this was greatly enlarged and improved by the addition of a new engine and machinery, giv¬ ing a capacity of 5,000,000 feet. This mill has not been operated for some years. At one time a village was platted at Areola, but no record has ever been made.

Vasa

Curious stories are current in regard to Colum¬ bus, who entered this land at an early day. One is that before his death he requested his friends to bury him beside a favorite dog and that his body be covered with twenty feet of earth.

A steam mill was built here in 1867, by James Russell, James Silly and Frank Register. The company became bankrupt. Silly sold their logs and took French leave with the money, lurching his partners, and the would-be town is now among the things of the past.

Here were once stores, post-office and the inev¬ itable saloon. John Columbus and John Copas built a log store in September, 1864, carrying a general stock of goods, besides liquors. In 1857 they erected a house, which as remodeled is now the residence of John Copas.

A post-office was established in 1866, in a little house since removed; Frank Register, postr mas¬ ter. After the building of his store, Mr. Register kept the office in connection with his business. N. Ileavenstreet was post-master subsequently, and the office returned to its former quarters, where it remained until discontinued after the annexation of the town to Marine.

B. T. Otis kept a travelers' hotel at his house from his first settlement here in 1849 until the Vasa house was built in 1850, by James Russell. The Vasa house was torn down and rebuilt at Marine.

Several Indian mounds here are worthy of mention. Some have been removed, but two still remain. One is directly in the rearof the schoolhouse, in which are buried Caroline Reid, a sister of Mrs. B. T. Otis, and Hiram Otis, a son of the latter. John Columbus was buried in a mound on the farm of John Copas, cleared by him just before his death with a view to preparing it for his last resting place. His last injunctions are

Townships 82, ranges 19, 20 and 21 , was organ¬ ized about 1868 into a town first called Vasa, but ' afterward Otis; the change in name was made at a meeting held June 8th, 1859, in accordance with an order from the state auditor notifying the ^commissioners of the existence of another town of the same name. September 7th, 1800, Otis was formally made a part of Marine, in conse¬ quence of a petition for re-annexation from its citizens, and an election held in October, 1859.

A post-office was established May 1st, 1878, known as Scandia, on section fourteen, near the Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Church; John M Jonasson, post-master.

The I. O. O. F. was organized at Marine April 6th, 1878. Its officers were installed by Jo¬ seph Lewis, C. P. of the state of Minnesota, as¬ sisted by George B. Kidder, 1). D. G. M. of the state of Wisconsin. Officers: George F. Sabin,

N. G.; Andrew Gunderson; V. G.; Theodore E. Ward, recording secretary; Emil Graf, treasurer; nine charter members. Meetings every Saturday evening.

School number three. The first school was held in the summer of 1849 in the old hewed log house built in thtNsummer of 1840, which had served for lodging, store or any convenience, as is customary in new settlements. M iss Sarah Judd , now Mrs. Eldridge of Stillwater, was teacher, and eight or ten children were gathered for her instruction. Miss Godfrey tnught next.

This W88 designated district number two, and was so known until 1862, when it was changed to number three by act of legislature. This first school-house was consumed by fire in 1866, and it was voted at a meeting held December 15th of the same year to build again. The new building was two stories, and cost $2,437.

thirty-one, but was moved in 1809 to section thirty-two, on the lower road, and burned shortly after. The first teacher is said to have been Miss Leybold. Schools were then held in Martin Mower's store and other buildings until 1868, when the present house was built on section thirty.

First regular school was held at the house of W. C. Johnson on section thirty-four, township thirty-two, range twenty, taught by Mrs. Sally Johnson. Previous to this ltev. Argrelius had gratuitously taught a school one term.

The old log Lutheran church was purchased in I860 for a school-house. In 1860 the old house was tom down and set up again on section twentysix, and is still used.

It was bandied about from house to house until 1868; when the district erected a house on section eleven, near Goose lake. Magnus iloganson, John Peterson and Charles Ekdahl were elected trustees and A. P. Johnson, clerk.

School number thirty-eight was organized in the summer of 1862, and the first school held by Miss Emma Walker, now Mrs. Veazie, in the house of N. John Nelson in the spring of 1863, with about seven scholars. Schools were held at private houses until 1867, when a school-house was built on section five. Peter Danielson, John Olsen and Carl Carlson, trustees; N. John Nel¬ son, clerk.

School number forty was organized in 1864 and a school-house erected on section thirty-one. The first school was opened in the fall of 1865 with twenty-five scholars, by Miss Kate Maloy. The building was ipysteriously burned in 1869, and rebuilt the same year on about the same location. First officers: William Goggin, clerk; Enos Wood, treasurer; J. L. Buckley, director.

School number fifty was organized in February, 1871, and the first school held at the house of Andrew' Carlson, on section 8, township 31 , range 20, with about thirteen scholars; Jennie N.

School number fifty-seven was organized in the fall of 1874, and the house built in the summer of 1875. The first school numbered about twenty-live, and was taught by Andrew Holm. Andrew Stury, clerk; Erick Magnuson, treasurer; and A. W. Johnson, director.

School number sixty-one. The first school was held in the summer of 1875, at the house of John Swenson. This at that time belonged to the district east, consequently two schools were sus¬ tained by the same district.

The Swedish Evangelical Lutheran church was organized as early as 1856. A log church was built in 1866, on section 27, which subsequently became a school-house. Nine members composed the church at first; Daniel Nelson, John Abrihamson, Peter Erickson, John Magnuson, S. D. Anderson, Carl Carlson Jonas Istberg, Andrew Linn and Andrew Larson; Rev. John Pearson, pastor.

Nineteen new settlers in the northern part of town soon united, and by their influence secured the erection of the church on section 14. This church, 82x48 feet in dimension, was begun in 1858, finished and dedicated in 1860. Services were held in the church June 24th, 1858, before its completion.

This became a flourishing church, and in 1874 a new and more commodious building was begun on section 23, completed in 1875, and dedicated in 1876. The new building is 50x80 with a steeple eighty feet high, and a bell weighing one thousand pounds. In the gallery is a pipe organ with nine stops and one and a half octaves ped¬ als; John Linwal, maker. Rev. E. Iledeen is now pastor. Connected with the church is a commodious parsonage, with forty acres of land.

The First Congregational society of Marine was organized September 14th, 1867. "The ob¬ ject of this society shall be to co-operate with the

First Congregational church of Marine, in pro¬ viding for and maintaining the public worship of God in accordance with the faith and order thereof."

The First Congregational church of Marine was organized in December, 1858; E. J. Burgess and P. E. Walker, deacons; Rev. Geo. Spaulding, pastor and clerk; eleven members, Mr. and Mrs. E. G. Burgess, Mr. and Mrs. P. E. Walker and daughter, Mrs. Barton, Mr. and Mrs. George Spaulding, Mrs. Lehmicke, and two others. The church was erected and dedicated in 1859,40x60, 20 foot ceiling, with steeple and bell.

The Swedish Methodist Episcopal church was built in 1856 on section 27, south side of Long lake. C. P. Argrelius, first pastor; Magnus Englund, Adolph Seobibolm, Nels Rosengren, John Rosenquist, Monson and Carlson, members. In 1864 the first church was tom down and the church built on section 26, between Hay and Sand lakes. B. Bergosan, pastor.

The Second Congregational church took its be¬ ginning in a preliminary meeting held January, 1878, and was organized during the following month with the following members: Andrew Richmond and wife, James Alcorn and wife, Jonathan Huntley and wife, George Hinds and wife, Dennis Huntley and wife, Mrs. Henry Otis, Mrs. B. T. Otis, Mrs. John Alcorn, William Al¬ corn, Mrs. II. Wilcox, Mrs. J. McDonald, Lydia P. Huntley, Edna M. Huntley and Nellie Went¬ worth; F. A. Wolcott, pastor, who still continues. The church, 24x36 feet, with a vestibule in front, is located on section 24. First officers: Andrew Richmond and James Alcorn, deacons; George P. Hinds, treasurer; Jonathan Huntley, clerk.

The Swedish Lutheran church was organized March 16th, 1872, and building begun. In 1875 the church, 30x48 feet, with eighteen foot ceiling and steeple, was ready for dedication. A bell was added in 1880. First officers: Nels Falk, Ole Westergren and Andrew Carlson, deacons; F. N. Peterson and P. N. Leveen, trustees; John Lund, clerk; L. O. Lindh, first pastor; Rev. E. Hedeen, present pastor.

Oakland Cemetery was organized April 10th, 1872, and belongs to the village of Marine. April 20th, 1878, the bodies deposited in Nason Hill cemetery, which had been organized and used for burial since February 16th, 1856, were removed

The town of Marine is quite broken in topog¬ raphy. In the south-west the surface is more level, and the lands of the south, and especially the south-wept, are by far the best in the town. The banks of the river are quite abrupt and ter¬ races are quite frequent The modem residences of the village are situated on the bluffs, and have a commanding view of the river and picturesque ) Wisconsin bluffs.

The country was originally covered with a dense growth of timber, though not usually large, except in the north-west, and consisted of black and white oak, birch, poplar and small burr oak.

Several small creeks intersect the town. Silver creek, on section seven, township thirty- two, range nineteen, has within half a mile a fall of seventy-four feet, and volume enough to run a mill. The creek which furnishes the power for the mills at Marine boasts no name, but might be called "Busy" creek. Harvey creek is the outlet of Big lake.

Among the lakes the most noteworthy are Big, Bony, Square and Camelian. Besides these are Terrapin, Fish, Long, Hay and others. These lakes are very beautiful, and abound in fish.