Washington County, Minnesota - Chapter with an unread heading (no. 61 of those read), 1881

Chapter with an unread heading (no. 61 of those read)

Alexander Adams, son of Robert and Elizabeth Adams, was bom in Wakefield, Yorkshire county, England. Lived there until eighteen years of age; then came with his parents to America, and settled at Ripon, Wisconsin. Here his parents resided twenty-two years, when the mother died, March 19th, 1879, and his father removed to Olm¬ sted county, Minnesota, and died October 13th, the same year. In 1858, Alexander engaged in farming, and in 1860 went to Racine and spent two years in the foundry department of Thomas Falva's reaper works. At the end of that time he went to Chicago and worked at his trade until

1867, when he was elected president of the co¬ operative foundry of Chicago, and held the office until 1868. Next going to St. Louis, he stayed there a short time, and returned to Chicago to take charge of the Caledonia machine shops. In May, 1870, went to Michigan City, Indiana, and took charge of the foundries of the Ilaschal and Barker Car Company. Remaining until Decem¬ ber, 1871, he again went to Chicago; in 1 872, came to St. Paul and took charge of Parker, Bailey, Ilowson and Company's foundries. Came to Stillwater in 1877, and started Seymour, Sabin and Company's iron foundries, which he has since conducted. May 29th, 1871, he married Amelia E., daughter of Henry C. and Maria lloesch, of Michigan City, Indiana. His chil¬ dren are Carrie E., Charles L., Ellen M. and Alice.

Dr. John Nicholas Ahl, deceased, was born in Strasbourg, on the Rhine, October 7th, 1807. He lived with his parents, John and Elizabeth Ahl until eighteen years of age, when he entered the Strasbourg Medical College, and after seven years thorough study of medicine, graduated in 1839, emigrated to America, settled in Galena, Illinois, practiced seven years, then in 1850, came to Stillwater, and in 1852, built the Washington hotel. In 1858, the name was changed to the Liberty house, and Mr. Ahl kept it as such until his death, meanwhile attending to a large practice as a physician. After his death, the family kept the house until 1873. Dr. Ahl married Lucretia Hartman, of Galena, Illinois, in 1846; the chil¬ dren are: John N., Henrietta, Amelia, William, Louis, Henry, Lucia, Elizabeth and Amanda.

Louis Albenberg was born in Bingen-on-the- Rldne, January 2d, 1852. Came to America in 1870, acquired a common school education, then came to Stillwater in 1871, and for five years did a small business in the vicinity. Next opened a large and complete dry-goods establishment which he still conducts.

J. S. Anderson was born at Marshalltown, Marshall county, West Virginia, February 3d, 1826. In the fall of 1836, his parents John and Susan Ward Anderson removed to Burlington, Iowa, and engaged in pork packing and farming. Young Anderson assisted his father on the farm until 1846. On the first of Nov. of that year, he came to Stillwater on a visit, but remained work- ing four years in the woods; lie accumulated enough to commence business for himself, and has since been identified with the lumber inter¬ ests of this city. lie formed a partnership with McComb, Simpson and Company, which lasted until the financial crisis of 1857. During this time he built the stone block now occupied by Staples' store, when he lost everything. lie next followed rafting until 1864, again accumulating enough to engage in logging, continuing this un¬ til 1868, the firm of McKusick and Anderson was formed. He was married in 1852 to Hannah T. McDonald. Ilis children are: Robert M., Sybilla S., William L. and Etta 1*.

John Anderson, foreman of *D. M. Swain's irou works, was born in Yonkopeng, Sweden, April 16th, 1846. When John was eleven years old his father died, and four years later he began to learn the machinist's trade at his birth place, working at it until twenty years of age. Next went to Stockholm and worked as machinist in the gov¬ ernment railroad works. On the 15tli of April, 1871, he started for America, arriving in May. Then came to Stillwater, worked for two years at carpentering for Isaac Staples, and in April, 1873, commenced work as machinist for D. M. Swain and'in July, 1877, was made foreman of the shops, and has since held the position. In 1873 he married Ellen Carlson^ of Sweden. They have one child, Anna.

Charles A. Appleton, carpenter, Minneapolis, was born in Orange, Texas, October 8d, 1848. At the age of fourteen he went on the sea, re¬ maining fourteen years. During the rebellion, he held the rank of first lieutenant in the Sixth Texas Cavalry, Confederate States of America. In the fall of 1865 he went to Michigan and lived four years at Salzburgh. In 1877 removed to Minneapolis, and has since lived there. November 20th, 1869, he married Carrie A. Stata, of New York. She died September 4th, 1874, leaving one son, Frederick Eugene.

D. W. Armstrong was boru in Yates county, New York, March, 1819. In 1853, he entered the employ of the Fremont and Indiana railroad company, then was financial agent and was en¬ gaged in various mercantile pursuits until he came west on account of health. Until the financial crash of 1857, he was cashier of the St. Croix Valley Rank, when it passed into the hands of eastern capitalists, who continued Mr. Arm¬ strong in his position as cashier until 1861, when it was removed to Hudson, Wisconsin. Next turned his attention to various occupations until appointed wheat inspector for the mills and board of trade in 1878. Was married in July, 1841, to Lucy Hale, who bore him four children, but one of whom is now living, Harry D. His wife having died, he married Lucy C. Loder, of Cleveland, Ohio, November, 1863. Flora E., Belle and Alma Maud are their children.

Edward M. Barrett, moulder for Seymour, Sabin and Company, was bom in Miramichi, New Brunswick, October 80th, 1868. In 1868 his parents, Patrick and Margaret Barrett, removed to Stillwater. At the age of eleven years Ed¬ ward began to learn the harness trade, but find¬ ing that his health was failing, abandoned it and began work with his present employers. In 1877 he entered the moulding department, and has since continued. Married on the 21st of October, 1879, Miss Maggie Casey of Stillwater. Resides at the comer of Martha and Mulberry streets.

Richard Barron deceased was bom in New Brunswick, Canada, January 18th, 1833. Has been fora long time identified with lumbering in the St. Croix valley, having come to this place in 1860. For a number of years past he was engaged in company with Patrick Sullivan in cutting logs by contract for Scbulenburg, Boeckeler and Com¬ pany, L. E. Torinus and Bronson and Company. His death occurred October 16th, 1880. Mr. Barron was married February 2d, 1859, at Still¬ water to Miss Lizzie Mathews who was bom in New Brunswick, May 8tli, 1829. Her father, James Mathews, was a lumberman in that country. After the death of her father and mother, Mrs. Barron, with her six brothers and two sisters, came to Stillwater where she has since resided. She is the mother of four sons and one daughter.

Joseph Becker, of the firm of Heitmnn and Becker, was bom at Kreis, Warrendorf, Germany, December 5th, 1849. Came to America in 1866, and after following the sea two years, visited St. Louis, Missouri, Sacramento and Los Angelos, California, Colorado, Texas and New Orleans. Remaining there a short time he went to St. Louis and in 1878 came to St. Paul. Came to Stillwater in 1879 and engaged in his present business with Charles Ileitman.

Clifton A. Bennett was born September 7th, 1841 , in Shnlersviile, l'ortage county, Ohio. When ten years old, removed with his parents to Cleve¬ land, remaining four years, and then to Freedom, Portage county, attending school at Hiram Col¬ lege, President Garfield being his teacher. En¬ listed April 24th, 1861, in Company I), Twentythird Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was pro¬ moted to the staff of General W. D. Hazen, and honorably discharged at Columbus, Ohio, in October, 1865. After the war he came west to Morrison, Illinois, read law, was admitted to the bar in 1867, in the spring of 1868 came to Still¬ water, and for ten years was in the office of the surveyor general of logs and lumber. In 1878 he was elected clerk of court, and now occupies that office.

Louis N. Bergeron was born at Quebec, Feb¬ ruary 5th, 1844. When about ten years old, he moved with his parents to a farm near Quebec, lived six years, then returned to the city and was employed in the lx>om works about five years. Then went to Battle, Maine, remaining in the shingle trade two years. lie next came to St. Paul, remained one year and to Stillwater to work for the Selnilenburg and Boeckeler Lumber Company. In January, 1880, was appointed foreman of the mill. Mr. Bergeron was married August 9th, 1871 to Miss Emma Kreuger, of Germany. They have one child: Amelia.

Charles Boo was l>orn October 3d, 1847, in Sweden. Came to America in 1868, located in Stillwater and followed lumbering until 1876, when he opened a boarding house and saloon, which he still conducts. Ilis mother, aged sixtyone years lives with him. Was married Septem¬ ber 19th, 1874, in Marine, Minnesota, to Matilda Limlbloom. They have two children: Lyda A. and Carl A.

August Booren, a native of Sweden, was born March 6th, 1850. Came to America in 1866, with his brothers Peter and Joseph, located in this city, followed laboring and farming a while, then attended school at Red Wing. In 1872, in com¬ pany with C. P. Ilolcomb, leased and conducted the St. Croix house. The winter of 1878-'9, he spent in Sweden, and in the spring of '79, pur¬ chased the site and erected the Central house, which he leased to his brother, he himself being engaged in the saloon business. Married Carrie

George Borrowman, harness-maker, a native of Canada, was bom January 9th, 1850. Came to Minneapolis at the age of fifteen years, completed his trade of harness-maker, thence to this city in 1876. He commenced business at the comer of Stimson alley and Chestnut street. Ilis shop and sales-room is now located in Green's block, where he employs three men, and does an annual busi¬ ness .amounting to al>out $12,000. lie was mar¬ ried at Waterford, Wisconsin, November 18tli, 1871 to Miss Maggie Kelly, they have three chil¬ dren living; one has died.

Rev. W. T. Boutwell, one of the pioneer mis¬ sionaries of Minnesota, and one who has proved faithful to his trust in fighting the good fight, is a native of Lyndeborough, Hillsborough county, New Hampshire, born February 4th, 1803. Ilis practical education and preparation for college was acquired at Exeter, New Hamp¬ shire. In 1828, he graduated from Dartmouth college, and three years later from Andover Theo¬ logical Seminary, being ordained as a missionary, in company with Mr. Sherman Hall, who accom¬ panied him on his missionary labors, at Woburn, Massachusetts, June 7th, 1831, under the direc¬ tion of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. Rev. Milton Badger preached the ordination sermon. Mr. Boutwell with Mr. and Mis. Hall left Boston, June 13th, for Mackinaw, with the exi»ectation of establish¬ ing missions among the Chippewa Indians, arriving after a tedious journey of one month. It was thought .advisable for Mr. Boutwell to remain at that point some time for the purpose of acquiring the language of the Ojibways. Giv¬ ing his attention and untiring zeal to the study of this language he soon became familiar enough to understand and make himself understood by the natives. Subsequently he received an invita¬ tion from Mr. Schoolcraft, United States agent for Indian affaire in that quarter, to accompany him on an extensive tour among the north-west¬ ern Indians, for the purpose of exploring the field, noting the condition of the aborigines and establishing if possible, mission stations. He accordingly left Mackinaw, June 7th, 1832, arriv¬ ing at Fon du Lac the 23d, Mr. Schoolcraft hav¬ ing dispatched a canoe and other necessaries for his comfort. In a letter to the board he says: "On arriving here I was not a little surprised to find four hundred souls. French, half-breeds and white men. The scene at our landing was such as I never before witnessed, and enough to fill one, unaccustomed to the like as myself, with wonder, if not with fear. The yelling of Indians, barking of dogs, crying of children, running of the multitude, discharge of musketry, and flourish of flags, was noise in the extreme. But my feelings were indescribable, when I came to my senses and felt that on myself devolved the duty of preaching to this motley group, the only salvation, by Jesus Christ. And what depressed me more than all, the majority neither under¬ stood my language, nor I theirs, sufllciently to address them except through an interpreter. The Lord, however, opened a wide and effectual door, and gave me utterance. At ten o'clock I preached to about forty in English, the first sermon ever preached here; and at four p. m., I addressed, through Mr. Johnson, more than twice that number, French, half-breeds and In¬ dians. Many of the latter of whom, for the first time, listened to the word of life. All listened with attention and interest. My interpreter sat on my right, while a chief occupied a seat at my left, around and below me, on the fioor, sat his men, women and children, in a state of almost entire nudity, many of whom had no more than a cloth about the loins, and blanket, but some of the children not even a blanket. All with their pil>ea and tobacco pouches, painted with all the variety of figures that can be imagined."

From thence he proceeded to the sources of the Mississippi river, and after traveling nearly 2,400 miles in the short space of sixty days, arrived, on his return, at La I'ointe, where Mr. Ilall was re¬ siding. La I'ointe is on an island in a large bay near the south-west portion of Lake Superior, about four hundred miles west of Mackinaw, and was a place of frequent resort for a large number of Indians, liesides about two hundred who lived there. Here he began his labors in establishing a mission, and found more to be done than there was time or strength for. However, a school was established; the number of pupils varied, owing to the unsettled state of the Indians and their indifference on the subject of their education from twelve to fifteen or twenty. As there were no books in the Ojibwa language, it was neces¬ sary to instruct them orally and in elementary books in English, the progress being quite slow. Mr. Boutwell, after a faithful prosecution of his duties for more than a year, at La Points, gave this work into other hands, and proceeded, in September, 1833, to Leech lake, to commence a mission station in that quarter for the Ojibwas. In giving an account of his reception by the Indi¬ ans, he says: "When I arrived, the men, with few exceptions, were making their fall hunts, while their families remained at the lake and its vicinity, to gather their com and make rice. A few lodges were encamped quite near. These I began to visit, for the purpose of reading, singing, etc., in order to interest the children and awaken in them the desire for instruction. I told them about the children at Mackinaw, the Sault, and at La Pointe, who could rend, write and sing. To this they would listen attentively, while the motherwould often reply, 'My children are poor and ignorant.' To a person unaccustomed to In¬ dian manners and Indian wildness it would have been amusing to have seen the little ones, as I approached their lodge, running and screaming, more terrified, if possible, than if they had met a bear robbed of her whelps. It was not long, however, before most of them overcame their feare; and in a few days my dwelling, a lodge which I occupied for three or four weeks, was frequented from morning till evening, by an in¬ teresting group of boys, all desirous to learn to read, sing, etc. To have seen them hanging, some on one knee, others on my shoulder, reading and singing, while others, whether from shame or fear, I know not, who dared not venture with¬ in, were peeping in through the sides of the cottage, or lying flat upon the ground, and looking under the bottom, might have provoked a smile; especially to have seen them as they caught a glance of my eye, springing upon their feet and running like so many wild asses colts. The rain, cold, and snow were alike to them, in which they would come, day after day, many of them clad merely with a blanket and a narrow strip of cloth about the loins. The men at length returned, and an opportunity was presented me for reading to them. The greater part listened attentively. Some would come back and ask me to read more. Others laughed and aimed to make sport of both me and my book. I heeded as if I understood not. I had been laughed at and called a fool be¬ fore. Besides, I remembered to have read the "servant is not above his master." Here he en¬ dured the privatious and hardships of that lonely, desolate place inhabited only by the dark-hued tribes, with still darker souls striving by the help of God to instruct and enlighten their minds. In 1834, he made a trip to Fond du Lac, where he married an interesting and well eductated Anglo-Ojibwa lady, Miss Hester Crooks, who was a teacher at Yellow Lake mission. Returning they commenced house-keeping in a bark lodge. Send¬ ing his men to the lake for the winter's supply of fish, which was their principal means of suste¬ nance, he proceeded to build a house. This hab¬ itation when completed was a rude hut, the tim¬ bers of which he assisted in cutting and carrying on his shoulders; the walls were of mud, the window of deer skins and the only articles of furniture, a box which served for both chair and table and an Indian mat for a bed. Continuing his labors in that locality till 1837, he was then compelled to leave his post in consequence of the hostilities of the Leech Lake Ojibwas, .who were threatening to drive him away and had already cruelly murdered Mr. Alfred Aitkin, the trader in charge of the American Fur Company's post. Later he was connected with the mission at Lake Pokegaraa some time. In 1847, he came to Still¬ water and officiated ns pastor at St. Croix Falls, Marine Mills and Cottage Grove. He was re¬ lieved of his cares at Stillwater in 1848, by Rev. J. C. Whitney, retiring then to St. Croix Falls and Point Douglas, where he pursued his pastoral labors until 1853. The Home Missionary society then assigned to him, the charge at Point Doug¬ las and Marine, where he still does duty as pastor. He assisted Rev. Whitney in establishing the first church in Stillwater in 1849, which was of Pres¬ byterian belief. His first wife was bom May 30th, 1817, on Drummond Island, Lake Huron. When seven years old, she was placed in the mission school at Mackinaw, and when seventeen accompanied Mr. Ayer and wife as teacher and interpreter at Yellow Lake. The next year, 1834, she married Mr. Boutwell and assisted him 1 in opening the mission at Leech Lake. Being familiar with English, French and Indian, she met with much success in interesting and teach¬ ing both men and women, and in her energy and untiring zeal in her good work proved her¬ self to be worthy of her work. She passed to her reward October 15th, 1853, at Stillwater. She bore him five sons and four daughters; the living are: Elizabeth A., Ramsey C., William T., Rodney C., Catherine A., Hester E. and Corne¬ lius L. His second wife was Mary Ann Bergin, of Lancaster, New Hampshire, who was born May 17th, 1809, and married September 26th, 1854. She came to Iowa as a teacher under the patronage of Governor Slade, of Vermont. Feb¬ ruary 5th, 1868, she departed to her rest.

Clark Boughton was bom in Litchfield county, Connecticut, April 2d, 1831. When he was three years old his parents removed to Loraine county, Ohio. At the age of seventeen he commenced learning milling, and one year later came west to Galena, Illinois. Worked at his trade till 1850, then went to California, across the plains, and for two years engaged in mining. Next, coming to Hastings, he engaged in milling, but lost everything by high water after three years, and then went to Colorado, remained a while, came back to Minneapolis, and in 1877 took charge of the St. Croix mills of this city. Was married in August, 1854, to Anna Hanson, who has borne him three boys and two girls, all of whom are living.

Dennis Boyle was bom in New York city, May 21st, 1849. Ilis parents removed to Green Lake county, Wisconsin, where he received his educa¬ tion. In 1865 he came to Stillwater and com¬ menced lumbering. This he has since been con¬ tinuously engaged in, and at present is foreman for the C. N. Nelson Lumber Company. Also has a valuable farm in Nobles county. In 1875 Mr. Boyle, was married to Miss Katie Whalen of Baytown, Wisconsin. They have two children, Mamie J. and William II.

C. A. Bromley was bom in Plattsburg, New York, October 31st, 1829. At the age of nine¬ teen he removed to Kenosha, Wisconsin; thence removed to Richmond, where he remained until he came to Minnesota, arriving at St. Paul in 1851 and at Stillwater in 1853. Previous to the war, he was captain of the Stillwater guards, and at the beginning of the rebellion enlisted in the First Minnesota Volunteers, as captain of Com¬ pany B. After three months resigned and re- cruited Company I, Sixth Minnesota, served nine months, then again resigned and returned home and resumed his old business, livery. Served one term as alderman. Was married here.

Elisha Brown, contractor and builder, was bom In the town of Knox, Waldo county, Maine, April 7th, 1821. Lived in his birth-place until eighteen years of age. Having learned the car¬ penter trade at the age of twenty-one, he went to Boston, Massachusetts, remained there about three years working in the city and vicinity. Then lie returned to Maine, contracting and building until 1854, then removed to Stillwater, where he has since been engaged in contracting. In 1802, he enlisted in the Eighth Minnesota Volunteer Infantry, and served until July, 1865, when he was mustered out at Fort Snelling. Next went to Fort ltidgely, remained eight months, then returned to Stillwater and resumed his business. Mr. Brown married Jannette LStephens, daughter of John and Hulda Irish, in April, 1840. They have had four children, one of whom survives, Flora II., who was married to F. W. Getchell, of this place, in 1864.

Edward Scott Brown was bom in Orono, Maine, February 8, 1830. Received his education in the common schools and academy at Foxcraft, Maine. Learned the trade of mill-wright and built the first gang saw -mill on the Kenncl>ec. In 1852 he went to Puget Sound, crossing the isthmus of Panama, where he was compelled to wait twenty-one days for a steamer. Took pas¬ sage on the steamer Cortez, to San Francisco thence embarked in a sailing vessel for Puget Sound. Built and operated for one year the saw¬ mills of the Puget Sound Lumber Company, erecting the first gang saw-mill on the Pacific coast. Returned to Orono in 1854, and in 1855 came to St. Anthony for Franklin Steele. In 1873 removed to this city and represented this district m the state senate one term.

George S. Brown was bom in Orono, Maine, March 23d, 1845. At the age of ten years he re¬ moved with his parents to Lewiston, where he lived until sixteen years old, then came to St Anthony, and in the fall of 1863 enlisted in Com¬ pany B, Brackett's Independent Battalion, and served against the Indians. In the spring of 1866 he was honorably discharged at Fort Snell¬ ing, returned to St. Anthony and conducted a lumber yard until 1870. Next ran a lumberyard in Wells two years and in 1872 came to Stillwater and went to work for Ilersey, Bean and Brown, as foreman of yards, and has since held that po¬ sition. Married, in 1870, Miss Ida F. Rogers, of St. Anthony. They have three children.

Jolm Brown was bom in Cork, Ireland, April 17th, 1820, where he lived until he was twentysix ye^rs of age. Ilis father having died when he was eighteen months old, he was reared by his mother, Josie Brown. In 1846 came to America, settled in New York, and for ten years was en¬ gaged in railroading. In 1856 came to Stillwater and worked for Ilersey, Staples and Ilall until that firm dissolved, then went to work for Ilersey, Staples and Doe, continuing until 1878. In 1863 he purchased one hundred acres of land in Still¬ water township, and in 1880, forty acres adjoin¬ ing. Married, May 3d, 1847, Miss Anna Leary, of New York city. They have had ten children, five of whom ate living, William II., James L., Mary M., Josie A. and Francis L.

Joseph Renshaw Brown, deceased, an ex-editor and publisher of Minnesota, one of the most widely known public men of the state, and at his death the oldest white settler, was bom Jan¬ uary 5th, 1805, in Hartford county, Maryland. When about fourteen years of age his father apprenticed him to a printer in Lancaster, Penn¬ sylvania. Doing treated with great harshness and injustice by his employer, he soon after ran away, came to what is now Minnesota, with the detachment of troops that built Fort Snelling in 1819, and remained a resident of Minnesota, en¬ gaged in public and private business, until his death, in New York, November 9th, 1870. Leav¬ ing the army about 1825, he resided at Mendota, Stillwater, Saint Croix, and other points in the state, engaging in the Indian trade, luml>ering, and other occupations. He acquired a perfect acquaintance with the Dakota tongue, and at¬ tained an influence among that nation (being allied to them by marriage) which continued unabated while he lived. lie was elected mem¬ ber of the Wisconsin legislature from St. Croix county in 1840, 1841, and 1842, taking a promi¬ nent part in those sessions. He was a leading member of the Stillwater convention of citizens held in August, 1848, to take steps to secure a territorial organization of what is now Minne- sota. He was secretary of the territorial council of 1849 aiul 1851, and chief clerk of the house of representatives in 1853, a member of the council in 1854 and 1855, and of the house in 1857; was territorial printer in 1853 and 1854. He was also a member from Sibley county in the constitu¬ tional convention of 1857. In August, 1852, he purchased the Minnesota Pioneer, and edited and published it under his own name, for nearly two years. In 1857 he established at Henderson, a town founded and laid out by him, a short time before, a journal called the Henderson Democrat, which soon became a prominent po¬ litical organ, and was continued with much success until about 1861. In the Indian war, which broke out in 1862, Major Brown took active part. He figured somewhat as an inventor. He had force, originality and genius of invention - in him; which was always impelling him in new paths. It was a favorite project of his to build a wagon propelled by steam, which would travel at w'ill over the dry hard roads of our prairies. While perfecting this invention he died in New York, November 9th, 1870.

Julius F. Brunswick, deceased, a son of John G. and Ragula Brunswick, was bom in Hauptweil, Canton Thurgau, Switzerland, May 12th, 1826. He lived here until he was twenty years of age. Having learned the Italian and French languages in Italy and Paris, in 1840 he came to America and lived a short time in Illinois; then came to the St. Croix valley. lie at lirst was en¬ gaged in the lumber regions working for other parties, but as soon as he accumulated enough started in n small building in mercantile busi¬ ness, ceasing to work for others. By close econ¬ omy and perseverance, he gradually accumulated property, and in 1857 opened a general merchan¬ dise store in a room of Charles Scheffer's old bank building. This he carried on for two years with considerable success. lie then bought a stock belonging to one Forstahal, paying $2,000, and added it to his business. In connection with his store, he also ran a warehouse, handling grain and farm machinery. After conducting this a time, he bough t a lot adjoining the store and built a large warehouse. He has also dealt largely in pine lands and farming. February 29th, 1869, he married Miss Margaret Darms of this city. They have had seven children, all of whom are

George M. Brush was born March 9th, 1850, at Fairfax, Vermont. Came with his parents to Illinois in 1857, and attended school until 1860, when he left home and clerked in a dry-goods store until 1865, then came to Minnesota and worked on the Winona and St. Peter railway. At one time was chief clerk in the general office, and -afterwards supply agent. During the year 1872, was agent for the Chicago and Northwestern Rail¬ way Company at Sparta, Wisconsin. Came to Stillwater in 1874 to take the position he now holds, agent for the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneaplis and Omaha Railway Company.

Anthony II. Bryan, mechanical engineer, was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, September, 29th, 1850. Lived in that place with his parents, John W., and Margaret Bryan until he was twenty-one years of age, then went to Cincinnati, Ohio, and entered the steamboat works of Ar¬ thur Moore and Sons. After remaining two years, he went on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers as assistant engineer of the Charles Bodman and other steamers of the Cincinnati and New Orleans Packet Company. At the end of two years re¬ ceived a license as second engineer, and was for two years engaged as such on various boats. Then receiving license of first engineer, ran in that capacity on the Mississippi and its tributaties until 1879. That year he came to northern Minnesota and worked for the Winnepeg and Western Transportation Company, then settled in this city, working in the winter in the machine shops of I). M. Swain. Married Miss Mary Colby, of Taylor's Falls, December 4th, 1879.

William Buchanan was -bom in Glasgow, Scotland, March 4th, 1837. When quite young his parents both died, and at the age of twelve, he was apprenticed for five years to learn the machinist's trade in Todd and McGregor's Ma¬ rine Iron Works, in Glasgow, Scotlandj then held for two years the position of foreman of that in¬ stitution. Afterwards went to Liverpool and was foreman for Nicholas and Duncan in their great printing establishment. From 1867 until 1808, he was engaged as engineer on various ocean steamers on the Atlantic. Then came to Indianapolis, Indiana, and remained eighteen months with Greenleaf and Company. Moved to

City Of Stillwater-Biographical

St. Louis, thence to Chicago, working at machin¬ ist's work. Next worked in various points in Wisconsin, and was at St. Paul three years. In October, 1879, came to Stillwater and engaged in the mechanical department of Seymour, Sabin and Company's works. He was married in Chi¬ cago to Miss Margery McDonald, of West Can¬ ada.

J. M. Burbridge was bom in Bass county, Ken¬ tucky. At the age of six years, he came with his father to Illinois, where he was reared. Having learned carpentering, he came to McGregor, Iowa, in 1860, and engaged in carpentering and build¬ ing. Next removed to Decorah, working at his trade until October, 1879, then came to Stillwa¬ ter. Mr. Burbridge was married to Miss Eliza¬ beth Wood, of Jo Davies county, Illinois. Of their eight children, but two, Mattie and Wil¬ liam II. are now living. Mrs. Burbridge died in November, 1869.

Benjamin F. Bums was bom in Whitehall, Baltimore county, Maryland, July 16th, 1843. Lived in the vicinity of his birth-place, engaged in farming, until 18G9; then came to St. Paul and afterwards to Stillwater. For about two years he was in the employ of the Lake Superior and Mississippi llailway Company as baggage- master. In 1871 he was appointed guard at the Minnesota state prison, which position he now holds. Mar¬ ried Miss Emma Oben, of Prairie duChien, Wis¬ consin, December 28th, 1874. They have three children: Mary V., John II. and Charles B.

August Buth was bom in Europe, August 18th, 1847. Learned the trade of boot and shoe maker in his native country. Came to America and located at Stillwater in 1865. After working for different firms for a time, he accumulated su - cient capital to start a shop of his own in 1870, and soon began to employ labor. In 1872 he added a retail boot and shoe store. His business has steadily increased, and now amounts to about $12,000 per year. Was married in 1872 to Augusta Slyres. Harry, Lillie and Alma are their children.

Dr. W. II. Caine was bom at Ravenna, Ohio, May 10th, 1854. Came with his parents to St. Paul in 1858, attended the graded schools and graduated from the high school of that city in 1869; then took a course in the Bryant and Strat¬ ton Commercial college. For two years follow- , mg he was engaged at clerking in St. Paul; then commenced the study of medicine, spending two years in preliminary study at home, next taking a partial course in Hahnemann Medical College of Chicago, then completing it at the Cook county, Mercy and Hahnemann hospitals. After finishing his medical studies he came to Still¬ water in April, 1877. In 1880 he was elected county physician. September 4th, 1880, he per¬ formed the first successful operation in trache¬ otomy in the county. He is a member of the American Institute of Homoeopathy, the West¬ ern Academy of Homoeopathy, the Minnesota State Institute of Homoeopathy, the Hahnemann Med¬ ical Institute of Hahnemann college, the Ramsey County Ilomoepathic Medical Society and a licenciate of the Illinois State Board of Health. Was married at St. Paul, October 23d, 1873, to Mary II. Ten Eyck of that city. Their children are Arthur and William A.

Albert Caplazi was bora in Canton of Greschon, Switzerland, January 13th, 1824. Wns educated by his parents, his father being a miller. At the age of ten years, went with his parents to the province of Wurtemberg, Germany, where he learned the trade of carpenter; then at the ago of twenty-two years returned to his birth¬ place. Came to America in 1854 with three brothers and one sister. Stopt>ed two years in Oluo, and, in 1866, came to Stillwater. Worked at his trade until the spring of 1861, when he enlisted in Company B, First Minnesota Volun¬ teers, received several severe wounds, and was honorably discharged at Fort Snelling in May, 1864. Re-enlisted as a substitute in April, 1865, but his services were not needed, and he se¬ cured his discharge the same summer. Was married January 13th, 1867, in St. Louis, to Christiana Deichlar, who was bora in Germany March 12th, 1842. They have one son and two daughters: Peter P., Rose and Otelia.

Joseph N. Caplazi was bora in Switzerland, December 18th, 18S2. Lived with his parents until twenty-two years old. At the age of twen¬ ty learned the carpenter's trade. Came to Amer¬ ica in 1864, was at Piqua, Ohio, one summer, at Chicago two years, came to Stillwater, remained four months, returned to Chicago, and in 1868 came back to this city. In 1862 enlisted in Com¬ pany C, Eighth Minnesota Volunteer Infantry.

Mr. Caplizi is one of the oldest and best known carpenters of this city. Married Barbara Johe, of Germany, November 6th, 1859. They have three children, Clara, Leo and William A.

William M. Capron was born in Stamford, Con¬ necticut, June 19th, 1836. When he was twelve years of age he moved with his parents to New York city. II is father was a gas fitter and plumber, and engaged in the manufacture of tin¬ ware, and he learned the trade before reaching manhood. In 1855 came to Stillwater, and at once engaged in business with his brother, Alon¬ zo A., who had proceeded him one year. His father and mother, now aged residents of this -city, accompanied him. Mr. Capron has been in the hardware business ever since.

Joseph Cardwell was born in the county of Gray, Canada, April 18th, 1852: attended the common schools until eighteen years of age, when he went to Marquette, Michigan. Then was engaged in government employ for several years, and for three years run a saloon at Clayton, Wisconsin. Next came to Stillwater in June, 1880, and en¬ tered, in company with Charles Dyson, into saloon business on Main street. Married Miss Clara Thomns, of Clayton, Wisconsin, February 28th, 1879. They have one daughter, Grace.

Henry W. Cannon was horn in Delhi, New York, September 25th, 1850. lie is the sen of George B., amt A. IS. Cannon, who educated him at the Delaware Literary Institute. At the ago of fifteen years he was appointed deputy post¬ master at Delhi. After holding this position two years he was pay ing teller in the First National bank of Delhi. In 1870 he came to St. Paul; in March, 1871, came to Stillwater and lias since been prominently identified with its busi¬ ness interests. Is cashier of the Lumbermen's National bank, and holds important positions in the water-i>ower and gas light companies, and the Union elevator company.

Jeremiah E. Cary was Itorn in New York city, December 9th, 1848. Lived with his mother until he was twelve years old, his father having died when Jeremiah was quite young. Then went to Jefferson, Wisconsin, where he remained until twenty years of age, then for two yeara was at Neenah. Spent the next six years at De Pere, handling pumps and wind-mills. Next, was eighteen months at ltiver Falls. In 1870 came to Stillwater, and has since resided here. July 14th, 1873, he married Miss Katie Jones, who was bom in Peshtigo, Wisconsin, December 1st, 1853. They have three children.

Christopher Carii, M. D. The subject of this sketch, who is the oldest living male settler in what is now the city of Stillwater, is the son of an Italian merchant, and was bom in Frankforton-the-Main, Germany, December 7th, 1811. Ilis youth was entirely devoted to study; at sixteen he went to Heidelberg and liecame a student in the Gymnasium, and afterwards in the Univer¬ sity, giving the best years of his life to literary and medical studies. In the fall of 1831, he sailed in the Constitution for America, and ar¬ rived in New York, February 8th, 1832, after a voyage of eighty-eight days. The same spring he went to Buffalo, New York, where he was en¬ gaged in the practice of medicine till December, 1835, when he returned to ICuroi>e,and was absent nearly two years. After his return in 1837, he practiced medicine in Chicago one season, then visited the south and returned to Chicago in 1839. In the spring of 1841, he set out for the point then called Dahkotah, now Stillwater, in company with his brother's wife and three children, and her half-brother, Joseph It. Brown, who had previ¬ ously made a claim here and had a house partially erected. He arrived at Gray Cloud Is¬ land, on the Mississippi river, Juno 18th, 1841, then moved to the head of the St. Croix Lake, and in company with J. It. Brown, built the house that became famous as the Old Tamarack house, which was the first built in Stillwater. In this building Dr. Carii opened the Inst drug-store in Stillwater. He also opened the first hank, and was a memlier of the first council. Was ap¬ pointed in 1859, by Governor Sibley, surgeon of a brigade of the state militia. He married Mrs. Lydia Ann Carii, widow of Paul J. Carii.

Mrs. Lydia Ann Carii. This lady, the first to make a home in what is now Stillwater, was l>orn near Lancaster, Pennsylvania, March 13th, 1818. When seven years of age, her parents moved to Erie county, where her father died and her mother again married. In the company of some friends, in the spring of 1834, this young girl set out for Chicago, where she arrived safely, and in the fall of the same year, married Paul J. Carii, at that time a well to do German residing in that city. No event of special importance occurred until the spiingof 1841; her husband having gone south for his health, Mrs. Carli, accompanied by her half brother, Joseph It. lhown, her husband's brother, Christopher Carli, and her three children, set out for her brother's claim, at the head of Lake St. Croix, in the then territory of Wiscon¬ sin. On the 20th of June, 1841, Mrs. Carli landed at Dahkotah, now Stillwater, much sur¬ prised to find much of the badinage of her brother on tho way regarding wilderness, half-roofed dwelling, etc., literally true. It is difllcult to imagine the feelings of this intellectual and cul¬ tured woman, thus placed alone with her babes, far from home, scores of miles from the nearest white woman, and her every-day companions, necessarily, the savage, or the adventurous fron¬ tiersman. In about a year and a half her hus¬ band arrived, but the family continued to occupy the "Tamarack house" until 1844, when Mr. Carli determined to make a new home for him¬ self, and accordingly selected a site at St. Mary's, about ten miles below Stillwater, where the fam¬ ily removed. Here Mr. Carli was drowned while sporting on Lake St. Croix. Soon afterward she married I)r. Carli, and has since resided in Still¬ water.

Ira Wallace Castle was born at Shefford, Shefford county, Caiuula, December 18th, 1848. Un¬ til he was sixteen years of age, he remained on his father's farm, receiving a common school education. In 1807 came to Stillwater, and the next five years attended the University of Minne¬ sota, at Minneai>olis. Next studied law with his brother, J. N. Castle, and at Michigan Univer¬ sity, graduating in 1877, was admitted to the bar in this city the same year, and has since been junior member of the firm of J. N. and Ira W. Castle: Married Miss Emma M. Lanpher of Stillwater, in October, 1880.

James N. Castle was bom in Shefford, Shef¬ ford county, Canada. Received his education in the common schools. After reading law four years he came to Minnesota in 1802, and taught school at Afton, studying law with Smith and Gilman, of St. Paul, until 1805. He then was elected county attorney of Washington county. In 1808 he was elected to the state senate serv¬ ing two years. Was elected again in 1878 for four years. Is unmarried.

Luke B. Castle was born in Waterloo, ShcfTonl county, Canada, January 10th, 1844. Lived with his parents until eighteen years of age. Then went to Massachusetts to learn a trade. In 18G3, to Grand Rapids, Michigan, remaining until 1804, .and then enlisted in company B, Sixteenth Mich¬ igan Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the rebellion, and was mustered out at Detroit, Michigan, July, 1805; then returned to ShelTonl county, Canada. In tho fall of 18G7 camo to Stillwater; during tho winter took a com¬ mercial course at St. Paul, and for the next two summers was engaged in building in this city. He was then several yearn interested in a planing mill. In February, 1870, he took his present position, foreman of Staples' planing mill. He married Miss Nannie Getchell, of Stillwater, May 21st, 1873. They have had three children, one now living, Shirley.

Benjamin Cayon was born in St. Louis, Mis¬ souri, January 30th, 1845. His father dying, his mother married Samuel Mercier, and when Ben¬ jamin was six years old they came to Stillwater, and have since resided here. Enlisted at tho beginning of the rebellion in company K, Second Minnesota Sharpshooters. Went to St. Louis, and in August, 1802, came back to Stillwater. Re-enlisted in Company C, Eighth Minnesota Volunteer Infantry, serving to the end of tho war. Came home and spent three years farming at White Bear lake, then was five years at Litch¬ field, and the next six months at Morris. In the fall of 1873 he returned to Stillwater, and has sinco been a guard at the prison. Married April 27th, 18G8, Susan, daughter of Dillon and Eliza¬ beth O'Brien of St. Paul. They have four child¬ ren: Lizzie, Josie, O'Brien and Thomas.

W. A. Chambers, a native of Muscatine, Iowa, was born March 9th, 1854. Attended the graded schools until sixteen years old, then for three years clerked for the lumber firm of Chambers Brothers, of Atlantic, Cass county. In the fall of 1877 came to Minnesota and spent the winter in the woods, coming down on the "drive" in July, 1878. Concluding to remain in this city, he en¬ tered the office of Durant and Wheeler, as second book-keeper, and in 1879 was given entire charge of their office as cashier and book-keeper.

at Trinity college, Hartford, graduated in theol¬ ogy, and was ordained by Bishop Kemper, at Nashotali, Wisconsin, in 1862. Then went to California and had charge of several parishes there. Was the first rector of St. Peter's church, San Francisco, for several years edited the Pacific Churchman, and was connected editorially with the Churchman of New York city. In 1878 he came to Stillwater, from New York city, and took charge of his present parish.

Aaron II. Chase, prison guard, a native of East Machias, Maine, was born July 25th, 1829. At the age of fourteen he began lumbering, and was chieily occupied in that line until 1861. At the beginning of the war he enlisted in Company II, Ninth Maine Volunteer Infantry, served until January 1st, 1864, then re-enlisted in the same regiment as a veteran. Was mustered out at ltaleigh, North Carolina, with the rank of first lieutenant. In 1876 he came to this city, was appointed prison guard and has held the position since. Married, May 6th, 1852, Miss Lucy II. Ellsemore. Their children are, Elisha C., Bertie L., William L., Ilattie V. and Edna.

Z. W. Chase, son of Ezra and Hannah Chase, of Dennysville, Maine, was born July 4th, 1831. Received his education at the common schools, attending winters. In 1854 came west to La Crosse, Wisconsin, and went into the lumber business for C. C. Washburn. At the end of two years came to the St. Croix valley and entered into business with his brother, A. M. Chase, un¬ der the firm name of A. M. and Z. W. Chase. This firm cut and rafted the first logs, from the Totogatic river to the market below. In 1868 spent a few months in Colorado, prospecting for silver, but returned to this city and has been in business here since. Mr. Chase was married to Miss Lydia M. Jordan, June 4th, 1859. They have five sons, Albert M., Elmer E., William E., Ernest M. and George O.

W. A. Clay was bom at Gardiner, Kennebec county, Maine, April 4th, 1818. Went to school until eighteen years of age, then began lumber¬ ing for his father in the mills. In 1850, visited Stillwater, but remained only a short time. The winter of 1851-'52, he was in North Carolina, en¬ gaged in lumbering, but returned to Maine and spent the summer. In 1855, came to Black River, Wisconsin, and to Stillwater the following win¬ ter; until 1867, he owned an interest in the Clay mills. In 1871, Mr. Clay entered the employ of the Lake Superior and Mississippi Railway Cornway in the land department. After remaining with them four years, he began surveying logs and has since been in that business. Mr. Clay was married in 1837 to Miss Sarah Douglas, of Gardiner, Maine. She has borne him six children, but one of whom is living.

C. L. Clegg, a native of Louisville, Kentucky, bom May 4tli, 1844, is a sou of Wm. C.and Ellen Clegg. At the age of twenty-one years, he went to St. Louis, Missouri, and remained about three years, then came to Dubuque, Iowa, and worked for the Illinois Central Railway Company two years. On April 14th, 1868, he came to this city, and for four years was with the Schulenburg, Boeckeler Lumber Company, then, about five years worked on the St. Croix river, lumbering. In 1877, he opened the well-known California fruit store on Third street. Mr. Clegg was mar¬ ried June 24th, 1870 to Miss Amelia Etzel of this city.

John Cogswell was bom September 24th, 1834, in Enfield, Grafton county, New Hampshire. Lived with his parents until he was eighteen years old, then commenced railroading as fireman on the Northern New Hampshire railroad. At the breaking out of the war of the rebellion he enlisted in the United States navy, serving under Commodore Porter until July 2d, 1862, at that time receiving his discharge at Point Lookout, Maryland. After spending four years railroad¬ ing in Iowa, he came to Minnesota and was en¬ gaged in the same business until January, 1878, when he came to this city, was appointed prison guard, and has since held that position. Married Miss Jane M. Reed, of Cedar Falls, Iowa, June 17th, 1866. Of their three children, Frank E. and Mary 1\, are living.

Robert M. Coles, real estate dealer is a native of Massachusetts, born at Hopkins in 1845. At Worcester, he learned the trade of shoemaking, and coming to Stillwater in 1871, opened a shoeshop, which he run until 1874, then began specu¬ lating in lands. His wife was Miss Margeret Bums, of this city, who has borne him two chil¬ dren: Robert M. and Otho.

seventeen years of age, he lived on a farm, at that age he went to Missouri, then came to Still¬ water in August, 1872. After attending school in Portage, Wisconsin, he commenced studying law with his brother, O. II. Comfort, and then with II. R. Murdock. Was admitted to practice in Washington county, February 4th, 1878, and com¬ menced practice in this city with his brother. In 1880, he was admitted to practice in the United States circuit court.

Neil Conklin, conductor on the St. Paul and Duluth railway, was born in Geneva, Walworth county, Wisconsin, January 16th, 1856. When but a child removed to Winona with his parents. Commenced railroading as brakesman on the Southern Minnesota railway in 1869, worked in that capacity oil several railroads in the state, and in 1878 was made passenger conductor on the St. Paul and Duluth road. Mr. Conklin re¬ sides with his parents on the comer of North II ill and Second streets.

James Connors, bom April 6th, 1831, is a native of Pictou, Nova Scotia. Learned blacksmithing with his father in Restigouche, New Brunswick, and came with him to Wisconsin in 1866. In 1873 came to Stillwater and worked at his trade for Isaac Staples until 1877, then started for himself, and has enlarged his business until he now employs six men, doing an aiuiual business of $17,000. Married Miss Annie Clark, of Res¬ tigouche, New Brunswick, in October, 1858. They have three children.

W. S. Conrad was l>om in Richmond, Virginia, in August, 1845. Grew up and received his ed¬ ucation at Richmond college. Came to this city in 1865, and was two years clerk in the dry goods store of Levy and Daniels, then in the surveyor general's office one year, and in the winter of 1867-'68 was chopping in the woods. In the fall of 1869 commenced business for himself as wholesale and retail dealer in cigavs and tobacco. Mr. Conrad married Miss Eliza C.McKusick of this city, on the 27th of September, 1869. They have had two children, one of whom, Edwin M., is living.

John Covell, a native of Upper Canada, was born December 3d, 1826. His education was re¬ ceived in three-months' terms in winter schools until he was fourteen years old; was then ap¬ prenticed to leam carpentering, afterward learn¬ ing the mill-wright trade. After acquiring a trade came west in 1850 and stopped at Milwaukee; in 1866 removed to Anoka, in 1868 came to Still¬ water and has been in the employ of Seymour, Sabin and Company since. lie was married at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, in 1859, to Miss Abbie M. Burr. They have two daughters, An¬ gelica M. and Edith P.

Charles W. Crowell was born at Gardiner, Maine, August 6th, 1842. At the age of twenty he began to leam the trade of miller, and worked five years with Esquire Gardiner, founder of the town of Gardiner. Then went to Lawrence, Massachusetts, and was in Taylor and Davis' great flouring-mills eight years. He next came to Minneapolis and was eighteen months in the Washburn A mill, then came to Stillwater and has since been engaged as superintendent of the Stillwater Mills. Mr. Crowell married Miss Ida J. Madison, of Minneapolis, July 29th, 1880.

William E. Cummings was bom in the town of Williamsburg, Stormont county, Canada, January 28th, 1843. When twelve years old he began learning the mill-wright trade. After working four years in Lindsay, then went to the town of Finch, where he spent eight years work¬ ing for J. R. Chregsler and Sons. Removed to Minneapolis in 1876, shortly afterward went to Clayton, Wisconsin, where he built a mill, and resided in that town one year. In 1877 came to Stillwater and engaged with Seymour, Sabin and Company as mill-wright, and has been with them since. lie married Miss Sarah J. Green, of Bedcaygeon, Canada, on the 30thof June, 1869. They have had five children; but three, Albert, Olive and Minnie, are living.

Gold T. Curtis, deceased, was a native of Morrisville, Madison county, New York, bom Aug¬ ust 16th, 1821. When but fourteen years of age, he passed the preliminary examination at Yale college, but the faculty were unwilling to admit him on account of his youth. His father then took him to Hamilton college, New York, whence he graduated in 1840, at the age of eighteen years. Was admitted to practice when twenty-one years of age. In 1850 he married Miss Mary A. Ander¬ son, of Belleville, Illinois, and for four years practiced in that place. In 1854 he came to Still¬ water, and at once entered into a lucrative prac¬ tice, for a time holding the offices of district attorney and judge of probate. Was a member of the constitutional convention of 1857. At the breaking out of the rebellion lie enlisted as a pri¬ vate in the Fifth Minnesota Volunteers; was pro¬ moted to first lieutenant and afterwards to captain. When about to be transferred to Genemi Ilalleck's staff, was taken ill and died July 24th, 1802. Ilis remains were brought to Still¬ water and buried with military and Masonic honors.

Joseph Diihm, a native of Germany, was bom December 11th, 1835. Attended schools until the age of twelve yeais, then learned the baker's trade, and in 1857, came to America, locating at Stillwater and engaged in cooking, in lumlier camps and on the drives until 1802, when ho opened a saloon, to which was added in 1869, a slock of groceries, [n 1870, he leased the saloon and devoted himself entirely to groceries. Is as¬ sisted by John Dernier, and his own son Leonard. In 1802, he married Mrs. F. Deniler, widow of S. Dernier, who built the building now occupied by Dahm.

Lawson M. Dailey is a native of St. Lawrence county, New York, l>orn March 10th, 1852. Lived with parents until he was fifteen years old, then learned a trade, spent two years in the barge lumber mills of Lovelace, Funday and Company at Norwood, then was in machine shops at Pots¬ dam, St. Lawrence county. Returning to Nor¬ wood, he remained in charge of Lovelace, Cool and Company's planing mill until 1873. March 24th, came to Stillwater, and has since been su¬ perintendent of Ilersey, Bean and Brown's plan¬ ing mill. Was married at St. Paul, January 10th, 1874 to Miss Ilattie M. Dailey, of Watertown, New York. She has borne him two chil¬ dren: Russie L. and Bertrand.

George Davis, county auditor, a native of Massachusetts, bom at Lancaster, September 22d, 1832. Received his education at common school and at Berlin and Lancaster Academies. Ilis father dying when George was only eleven years old, he was compelled from that time to make his own living. Came west to St. Louis in 1852, and, in 1853, to Stillwater. Until 1858, was engaged as clerk for various firms, then was appointed deputy sheriff, and in 1801, elected sheriff, holding the office ten years. W as next de¬ puty clerk, then clerk of district court, and in 1876, was elected county auditor holding that office since. Married Georgia Stanchfleld in 1865, and has five children: Harry W., Orris C., Warren W., Adella and John II.

James B. Davis was bom in Old Town, Penob¬ scot county, Maine, January 1st, 1830. When twenty-two years of age, he started west, and the next seven years were spent traveling through Csilifomia, Nevada and Montana. At Fort Ben¬ ton in 1867, he, with fifteen others built a Mack¬ inaw boat and went down the Missouri to Sioux City. On the trip which required forty days, four of the crew were wounded in skirmishing with Sioux Indians, though no lives were lost. In March 1808, he came here and has since been lunilH'ring, its foreman for Isiuic Staples. Mr. Davis married December 2d, 1850, Miss Martha A. Bradford, of Old Town, Maine. They have three children: James. K., Nora L. and Gert¬ rude May.

Richard Daw, a native of England, was bom March. 31st, 1845. Came to America with his parents in 1847, and lived there until 1850, the family then removing to Stevenson county, Illi¬ nois. Learned the trade of carriage-making with a Mr. Bass of Freeport. In 1871 removed to St. Paul and worked at his trade until March, 1872, then came to Stillwater and commenced business for himself, continuing to reside here since.

Silas S. Denton, born November 28th, 1810, is a native of Jefferson county, New York. In May, 1854, he came to the St. Croix valley and bought a tract of land bordering on Cornelian lake, and in September brought his family to their new home. Soon after he came to the city where he has since resided. Bought an interest in the livery business with C. A. Bromley, run it two years, sold out, and was engaged in that business in various localities until 1879, when he sold the stock, but retains the buildings and grounds. Married Miss Sophronia Cowles, of Durham, Greene county, New York, December 21st, 1842. Of three children bom to them but one survives, Carrie E., now the wife of James Pennington, Jr., who lives in tliis city.

Alexander Donald was bom in Hancock county, Illinois, March 17th, 1847. His parents dying when he was but eight years old, he was left in the care of an uncle who was a farmer. Worked on the farm in the summer and attended district school winters until eighteen years old. Then entered the state normal school at Bloomington, Illinois, and spent two and one-lmlf years there. Was engaged teaching, in insurance business, and steamboating until 1876. Then commenced studying medicine. Graduated at Hahnemann medical college, Chicago, and practiced a while in that city. June 19th, 1880, came to Stillwater and has since practlcted here. Dr. Donald married Mary Ferguson, of Illinois. They have had two children, both deceased.

Jacob A. Deragisch was bom in Switzerland, February 2d, 1844. In 1854 he came to Toledo, Ohio, with an uncle, remaining a short time. Came to this city, and for several years attended the city schools in the winter and in the summer worked in the mills. In August, 1857, he met with an accident by which he lost the thumb and two first fingers of the right hand. lie then at¬ tended school about eighteen months, and March 10th, 1859, entered the store of the Sclmlenburg and Bocckeler Lumber Company, where he has since remained. During the past seven years he has been alderman from the third ward. Was married in 1871 to Josephine McLean, and lias two children.

P. S. Deragisch is a native of Switzerland, bom July 11th, 1847. When thirteen years old he came with his parents to America, arriving at Stillwater in the spring of 1861. At first worked on a farm at four dollars per month, then in a cigar and tobacco establishment at eight dollars per month. Was next in the employ of the Schulenburg and Boeckeler Lumber Company until 1871. Then engaged for himself in the New Idea sample rooms. Married in this city to Miss Elizabeth McLean, who has borne him three children, two of whom are now living, Jerome B. and Emily.

Conrad Drechsler was bom in Germany, Octo¬ ber 23d, 1836. Came to America in 1855, and to Stillwater in 1858, and followed lumbering for several years. In 1870, erected his present build¬ ing, and has since run his saloon in it. Mr. Drechsler is the oldest saloon-keeper in Stillwater. Was married in tills city to Miss Mena Lustig, in 1862. Six children have been bom to them, four of whom are now living: Amel, Emma, Willie and Clara.

Scliermuly, publishers of the St Croix Post, was bom July 16tli, 1858, in Mecklenburg, Germany. Soon after, his parents removed to Prussian Ger¬ many, where he received his German education. At the age of nine years he had attained the fourth seat in a school of one hundred and twen¬ ty-five scholars, in Germany, scholars being seated according to scholarship. When about ten years of age his parents emigrated to the United States. In 1871 he attended the higher school , in Lake¬ land, and in 1872 his parents removed to St: Croix county, Wisconsin. In 1873 he attended the academy at Afton, three months, then entered the Stillwater high school. His father desired him to settle on the farm, but wishing to pursue his studies, he sought a place to work for his board, and while thus engaged became acquainted with Mr. Easton, of the Gazette, for whom he took care of a horse for his board, attending school through the winter. In the spring of 1876 he entered the Gazette office as apprentice, work¬ ing three years in that capacity, then became as¬ sociated with the St. Croix Post, a German paper. On the 11th of December, 1879, he was married to Miss Emma Scliermuly, oldest daughter of his partner.

Edward White Durant, is a native of Roxbury, Massachusetts, bom April 8th, 1829. He is of Huguenot descent, and about the sixth genera¬ tion from Captain Edward Durant, who moved from Boston to Newton (Cambridge), Massachu¬ setts, in 1732, and who two years later, was re¬ fused the privilege of building a pew in the meet¬ ing-house. His son Edward Junior, was one of the leading patriots of Newton, strongly opposing the arbitrary measures of the British government for several years before the revolution. lie was chairman of the committee on commercial corre¬ spondence and delegate to the provincial congress of 1774 and 1775. William W. Durant, the father of our subject, removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, when Edward was about nine years old. Here he at¬ tended a boys' academy one year, the family then going to Whitesides county, Illinois. After spending four years on a farm, they removed into the little village of Albany, in 1844. When nine¬ teen years of age, Edward left home and came to Stillwater, for three years being engaged in raft¬ ing on the river. Next, was pilot on the river from Stillwater and St. Paid to St. Louis, during fifteen years. Then the next fourteen years was general manager along the river for Hersey, Staples and Company. In 1872 became a mem¬ ber of the firm of Durant, Wheeler and Company, being engaged in buying and selling lumber. Mr. Durant is grand master of the Masons of Minne¬ sota. He married Miss Henrietta Pease, of Al¬ bany, Illinois, December 29th, 1853. They have had three children, two of whom are living.

Albert C. Dutton was bom in Warren county, New York, in October, 1849. Came with his parents to Stillwater when four years of age. Worked on a farm until fifteen years of age, then began learning the trade of machinist, and until 1875, worked at that trade. Since then has been engineer for the Schulenburg and Bocckeler Lum¬ ber Company,

Henry Dyer, a native of England, was born in Gloucestershire, November 24th, 1854. When Henry was five years old his parents, Edmund and Ann Dyer, removed to Canada. After learn¬ ing a trade, he came to the United States, spent one year in the Globe marine iron works, at Cleveland, Ohio, two years as engineer on the lakes, two years in the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern railway machine shops, and two years in the Northern Ohio Insane Asylum, as engi¬ neer. In 1879 came to Stillwater and entered the machine shops of D. M. Swain, remaining there since. Mr. Dyer married April 10th, 1870, Miss Kate Collat'd of Canada. They have one child, Sydney.

Charles Dyson was born in Dutchess county, New York, October 20th, 1840. At the age of fourteen removed to Sauk county, Wisconsin, with his parents, and worked on a farm until he came to Stillwater, in 1809. Was engaged in Gaslin's mill as sawyer for five years, then for five years in Hersey, Bean and Brown's, in the same capacity. In 1880 began business for him¬ self in company with Joseph Cardwell in their present location, known as Jo's and Charley's saloon.

A. B. Easton was born at Mesopotamia, Trum¬ bull county, Ohio, March 1st, 1828. llis parents were natives of Massachusetts, tracing their lin¬ eage to the Pilgrim Fathers. At the age of fourteen years he was clerk in a store, but obey¬ ing the regards of his parents, left the stove and attended school, finishing his studies by a course at the high school. Soon after he again assumed the position of clerk, in which he continued two years, when, in 1855, took charge of his father's hotel. Two years subsequently he came to Still¬ water, beginning work as compositor for the Stillwater Messenger, A. J. Yan Vorhes, proprie¬ tor. During the absence of the proprietor, Mr. Easton was manager. Finally in 1803, he and A. B. Stickney rented the paper, which they op¬ erated one year, then carried it on alone until 1865. During this time Mr. Van Vorhes had been filling the position of quarter-master, and on his return, made Mr. Easton foreman, where he continued until 1808. The St. Paul Dispatch had just merged into existence, and he was con¬ nected with the interests of this pai>er until re¬ turning to Stillwater in 1869. August 0th, 1870, he issued the first number of the Stillwater Ga¬ zette. From that time his paper has steadily grown; using at first a hand press, now having a steam-power press with the modem improve¬ ments. His son, William E., was taken as a partner in 1870. October 14th, 1849, Mr. Easton and Miss Julia Burke were married. She has borne bin three daughters and four sons.

William E. Easton, oldest son of A. B. Easton was born at Mesopotamia, Ohio, 1850. He ac¬ companied his parents to Stillwater and was much of the time about his father's printing of¬ fice, working as typo; when so small as to be unable to reach the case without standing on a chair, he would set more type than any boy of his age in the state. In 1808, he was promoted to compositor, and two yea is later identified him¬ self with the Gazette, being made a partner in 1870, holding the position of foreman. Ilis wife was Josephine McGowan, married in 1878.

L. W. Eldred, bom at Elyria, Ohio, July 19th, 1832. During early years, he studied architec¬ ture, then engaged as a clerk in a hotel. On at¬ taining majority, he came westward and located at Dubuque, Iowa; until 1868, he followed clerk¬ ing on boats on the Mississippi, then returned to his former home, where he remained until 1880, engaged in building. Returning to Stillwater, he took charge of the construction of the opera house. His marriage with Miss S. M. Conger, of Canton, New York, took place in 1854. Hattie, their only daughter is now the wife of Albert Pennington.

A. Eldridge, a native of Hartford, Vermont, bom June 10th, 1815. At the age of nine years, he was placed under the guardianship of his uncle at Cambridge, New York, where he learned the trade of comb making, and remained nine years; then went to New York city and worked one year at his trade, and five years in New Jer¬ sey as carpenter. In 1844, he removed to Platteville, Wisconsin, working in the lead mines four years, then came to Stillwater where he pursued his trade a few years. He contracted the carpen¬ ter work of the state prison in 1868, afterward, until 1862, he continued in his trade, then pur¬ chased the book-store he how occupies, of Martin Johnson. Mr. Eldridge married in 1849, Miss Sarah L. Judd. He has held the office of justice of the peace, county commissioner, and in the city council.

Daniel Elliott, a native of the Emerald Isle, bom August 16th, 1832, and when a small child his parents crossed with their family to Fred¬ erick ton, New Brunswick, then to Stanley, about twenty-five miles distant. Here Daniel grew to manhood and acquired an education, also was en¬ gaged in black-smithing and lumbering. During July, 1866, he came to the St. Croix valley, and has since been a resident of the now thriving city of Stillwater. Much of his time has been passed in lumbering, and in 1875, abandoned this business, being unable to undergo so much ex¬ posure, and opened a boarding house at his resi¬ dence near the lower depot. For three years he has been a member of the city council. In 1861, he married Miss Mary A. McDermott, of New Brunswick, who has borne him three children: James E., Mary E. and Thomas F.

John II. Elward was born at Providence, Rhode Island, February 22d: 1839. He was left an orphan when six years of age, and as many other boys, living near the sea, had a great desire to l>e a sailor. He made four voyages to the West India Islands, visiting esicli time Ilayti. After returning from his last trip, he learned the trade of machinist, at what was then the Corliss and Nightingale Steam Engine Works, in which he continued two years. The sea having so great a fascination for him, he decided to make a trip to California with his brother, who was second mate of a brig. On their outward passage the brig was wrecked near Cape Hatteras, he, his brother, and a portion of the crew succeeded in reaching the shore. He then forsook the sea, and after visiting different cities, he, in 1855, en¬ tered the employ of Samuel Talcott, at Rocktbn, Winnebago county, Illiuois, beginning also his career as inventor, having made some profitable suggestions in regard to improvements in a hand corn-planter, which he manufactured. During the winter of 1856- '67, he took part on the freestate side, in which was known as the Border Ruffian war, and while so doing, contracted a fever which prostrated him for some time. In 1858, he returned to Illinois, locating near Ottawa and there invented and operated what was known as the Elward Under-ground Ditching Machine or Mole Plow, receiving a patent in fall of I860. He also in 1858, built his first harvester, and con¬ tinued making improvements on it. April, 1861, he enlisted in his country's cause, assisting in raising the company, and was the third man to enroll his name as volunteer from Ottawa, Illi¬ nois. lie was promoted to second lieutenant of the Fifty-third Illinois Volunteer Infantry, for meritorious conduct at the battle of Pittsburg Landing. Being injured in 1863 by his horse falling with him, he obtained a leave of absence, but in 1864, rejoined his company and was pro¬ moted to first lieutenant of One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Regiment Illinois Volunteers, and served until promoted to major; was mustered out during the summer of 1865. Returning to Ottawa, iu 1870, perfected and put into use the Elward Harvester, which is now manufac¬ tured by the St. Paul Harvester Works of that city. In 1876, he invented the principal parts of the Minnesota Chief, threshing machine, Sey¬ mour, Sabin and Company, furnishing material for the first machine. That firm makes the man¬ ufacture of this machine their principal business. Mr. Elward has also since then patented the El¬ ward Equalizing Horse-power, the Elward Straw¬ burning Boiler and Engine, and the Friction Traction Engine, all of which are manufactured by Seymour, Sabin and Company. In 1866, Mr. Elward was united in marriage with Miss Mary Brand. They have two children: W. A. R. and Mary D.

years' apprenticeship as a carriage blacksmith, with S. S. Stevens, West Amesbnry, now Memmac, Massachusetts. After finishing his trade he worked at it as a journeyman nine years, then opened a shop of his own in which he continued until coming to Stillwater in 1878. Here he en¬ gaged with Seymour, Sabin mid Company, and assumed charge of their blacksmithing depart¬ ment. At West Amesbury, Massachusetts, in 1868, he married Miss Eunices. Stevens, who has borne him two children, Nellie E. and Addie II.

Ignatius Fazendin, a native of Switzerland, was bom Decemlier 28d, 1851. lie came to America in 1873, accompanied by his brother, Christopher, and arrived at Stillwater the same year. Until 1876 he was a day laborer, then en¬ gaged with Air. Wolf, brewer, in whose employ he has since remained, having charge of the ofllce since January, 1879. September 2, 1879, lie mar¬ ried Miss Mary Wolf; they reside with her parents.

Andrew Fee was bom in Indiana county, Penn- ! sylvania, September 7tli, 1832. He grew to man¬ hood on his father's farm, and in the meantime acquired a practical education at the district school. In 1854, he came westward to Marine, Washington county, mid two years later pur¬ chased a farm of one hundred and twenty acres in Polk county, Wisconsin. He engaged in agri¬ cultural pursuits until opening his present meat market in 1880 at Stillwater. Mr. Fee enlisted in the Fourth Wisconsin Volunteer Cavalry in the spring of 1865, and was ordered soulli where he was taken sick and was unable for service; was mustered out in July, 1865. He has been twice married; his present wife, was Miss Albertine Enk, married 1862. They have had two daugh¬ ters, Matilda and Emma, both deceased. His son William, by his first wife, is now interested with him in the market.

Ferguson Brothers are natives of New Bruns¬ wick, and there grew to manhood. After acquir¬ ing a common school education, Frazier, the elder, came to Stillwater in 1867, and engaged in lumbering. Thomas M., accompanied by his pa¬ rents, came to Stillwater in 1869, where he com¬ pleted his education in the high school, then clerked in clothing houses in this city mid St. Paul. These brothers succeeded in accumulating enough capital to establish a boot and shoe trade for themselves, which they did in 1878. Their first capital was two thousand dollars, and they now do an annual business of twenty-two thou¬ sand dollars. This firm, though young, rank among the leading boot and shoe firms of the city.

James P. Fitzgerald is a native of New Bruns¬ wick, bom June 30th, 1846. Here he passed his youth, mid learned the blacksmith's trade. In 1868 he located at Stillwater and was in the em¬ ploy of Z. II. Foss, until 1871, then opened mi establishment for himself. Four years later, his shop mid all the fixtures were totally destroyed by fire; his loss included all his accumulations since his first start. In company with J. C. Rhine leased and run a shop one year; disposing of his interest he removed to Morris, Stevens county, turning his attention to agriculture, but on account of grasshoppers was obliged to return and continue his trade. After returning in 1879, he leased as a shop the old Episcopal church, a relic of early days, the first in the city, mjd said to be the second in the state. Here he still remains, running two forges. He and Miss Mary E. McCarthy were united in marriage October 6 tli, 1876. Alice E., Emma B., mid Charles It., are their children.

Richard Fitzgerald was born in Maine, Janu¬ ary lltli, 1852. At the age of five years, re¬ moved with his parents to Stillwater, where he received a good practical education. He worked as a day laborer until 1879 then opened his > present sample room in business for himself. September 8th, 1879, he married Miss Louise Foley. Louise is their only child.

James G. Foley, a native of Washington county, Maine, was born March 15th, 1843. He accom¬ panied his parents to Stillwater in 1854, and here acquired his education; then engaged in lumber¬ ing until war was declared. In 1862 he enlisted in Company K, Fifth Minnesota Infantry, and participated in many of the leading battles. After the battle of Vicksburg he was prostrated by a sunstroke mul conveyed to the hospital, and honorably discharged in 1865. Returning to Stillwater, he again embarked in the lumber trade, continuing until 1875, when ho entered the ofllce of the county auditor and clerked. Was elected auditor in 1880, which office he now fills. His wife was Miss Elizabeth A. Colsen, whom he married in 1 877. They have one daughter and one son.

Colonel Edwin A. Folsom was bom at Exeter, New Hampshire, June 30th, 1833. At the age of seven, the family removed to Bangor, Maine, where he was educated at the graded schools. He afterward engaged as clerk in a store in that city. During the spring of 1856 he came to Still¬ water and was book-keeper for Hersey, Staples and Company six years. In 1862 he raised a company and enlisted in the Eighth Minnesota Volunteers as captain of Company C, serving two years against the Indians; then to the south. He was promoted to major, lieutenant-colonel and brevet colonel. After returning to civil life he was elected treasurer of Washington county, serving six years. Then engaged in mercantile business in company with David Bronson. His marriage with Miss Frances E. Staples occurred October 12tli, 1862. They have two children living.

James Fowler, Jr., was bom at Ogdensburgh, St Lawrence county, New York, in 1859, and at the age of sixteen commenced the study of med¬ icine at Saginaw, Michigan. At the end of three years he gave up the study on account of the failure of his eyesight. He, however, continued the study of chemistry and drugs until 1880. One year previous he located at Stillwater, and at the time mentioned became successor to the oldest furniture dealer in the city, Mr. S. Will¬ ard. His building has a frontage of thirty feet, three stories and two basements, and contains everything in the furniture line. In March, 1878, he married Miss Eliza L. Lord. They have one son, James.

Thomas Francis is a native of Fuma, Austria, born November 25th, 1840. When thirteen years old he went to sea, visiting nearly every port of importance, and made the entire voyage around the world. In 1856 he landed at New Orleans, and soon after joined the Morgan steam¬ ship line between New Orleans and Mobile, serv¬ ing until I860, then returned to sea life. IIo voyaged until 1864 then, for some time, sailed on lakes Michigan, Huron and Erie. Two years subsequently his sea-faring life ended and he began business at Chicago. In 1870 he came to St. Paul, Minnesota, thence to Stillwater, and lias since been engaged in the manufacture of confectionery.

vember 2od, 1848. He attended school until fifteen years old, then served five years appren¬ ticeship at the carpenter's trade, acquiring a thorough knowledge of the trade, after which he worked at Copenhagen. In 1871 he began the life of a sailor, visiting many ports on the east¬ ern continent, then crossing the Atlantic, landed at Baltimore. After visiting the West Indies he returned and forsook the sea in 1873. Pro¬ ceeding to Chicago, he remained only a brief time, and the next year became a resident of Stillwater, where he has since followed his trade. June 29th, 1870, he married Miss Mary Lawson, a native of Denmark. One daughter has been bom to them, Annie.

Edwin P. Frost, A. M., was bom at Charles¬ town, New Hampshire, May 4th, 1839, and is of Scotcli-Iri8h descent He attended the school and worked on his father's farm until the age of eighteen then went to the New London Literary and Scientific Institute, graduating in 1861. During his attendance he taught school winters. The next fall he entered Amherst College, from which he graduated in 1865, then took charge of the central district of Virginia freedmen's schools, maintaining this one year, also one yoar in charge of the academy at Winchester, New Hampshire. The Aubumdale boy's select boarding school was established by A. B. Darling of New York city, of which he was principal. Coming west to Peoria, Illinois, he was for six years principal of the high school, but on account of the failing health of his wife, came farther north to Glencoe. Minnesota, residing on a farm until the fall of 1880. He came to Stillwater at that time as principal of the high school. In September, 1865, he married Kate Whipple, a graduate from Kimble Union Academy at Meri¬ den, New Hampshire. Alice M., Bertha, Mabel B., and Edwin C. are their children.

Bert D. Fuller, a resident of Stillwater, was bom at Lawrenceburg, Itipley county, Indiana, April 3d, 1854. When six years old his parents removed to Kankakee, Illinois, where he acquired a common school education, and grew to man¬ hood. Emigrated to western Iowa in 1875, and for three years engaged in farming, then removed to Stillwater; was employed in the store of Isaac Staples two years. In 1880 lie engaged with his present firm, Bronson and Folsom.