Carroll County, Missouri - The whole text, 1881 (part 10 of 19)

Wabash, St Louis & Pacific, was freely and fully discussed. Notwithstanding the disturbed condition of afiairs, unsettled values, and other distracting causes, the people seemed to have faith that all would be well in the end; and so they favored this enterprise because of the aid they believed it would render in establishing their material prosperity which they expected to live to enjoy. Several meetings were held in this part of the State in aid of the project and bills relating thereto were introduced and discussed in the Legislature. The "Missouri Valley" was designed to be a part of^the Old North Missouri, (which afterwards became the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern, and then the Wabash) and was designed to leave the main line near where Moberly now stands and run thence to the Missouri river and up the valley to Kansas City, substantially over the same line where now runs the Kansas City divison of the Wabash. Hon. Geo. Pattison, then the Representative from this county in the Legislature, did very efiective work in aid of the "Missouri Valley."

Early in January the thieves and marauders began getting in their work. On the night of the 19th the houses of Mrs. Hill and Messrs. John Winfrey, R. H. Courts, Knister, Johnson, Cox, Frank Hill, Capt. Baker, Hoover, and Staflbrd, and others in the vicinity of Hill's landing, were ransacked and the inmates robbed of sums of money ranging from ten cents to IpllO, amounting in all to $4:90, gold and silver watches, etc. The robbers also stripped the rings from ladies' fingers, and the ear-rings from their ears, carried away bed clothing, men's, women's, and children's wearing apparel, and started ofi'with four horses, but were unable to get them across the river. The villains were bushwhackers and thieves from Lafayette county. The river was frozen over and easily crossed on foot. The militia at Carrollton were notified and were in the neighborhood within an hour after the robbers had left. They tracked them to the river, about two miles below the Landing, where they crossed about 3 o'clock the next morning, as stated by'^ Mr. Rankin, who saw them cro.ss. The militia crossed the river and followed the trail five or six miles, first traveling up the river and then turning south. About a mile south of the river the trail was lost, so the militia averred and they returned. Some persons charged that the militia were afraid of an ambuscade or a "rebel trap" of some kind.

We often hear it said that any' man who comes out of our present troubles without anything sticking to his fingers will prove himself to be, beyond doubt, an honest man - as if honesty were different now from what it has been since the commandment was given, "Thou sh.alt not steal," or as if the embarassments of society furnished an excuse for ^undering. * * * (.j.y jj. same all over the country.

who have become so numerous that every one that has property to lose is interested in protectinpr himself. We still hope that our citizens will be able to-put down this system, and that there are enough honest men left to take hold of the thing and provide a remedy. A few examples of a stem character will work wonders. We can strike terror into some of the marauders by dealing out to those who are caught the extreme penalty of outraged society. This must be done, and t}ie community purged of the scoundrels preying upon it.

About the 1st of Febuary, Capt. Wakefield Standley. left "the county with a company of about 40 men for the 12th Mo. Vol. Cavalry. Recruiting was quiet active for the Federal service. To encourage it the county decided to appropriate $40 as bounty to every white citizen mustered into the service of the United States between the 1st of February and the 1st of March.' The recruiting was not all on the Federal side, however. A few plucky spirits contrived to join the Confederate service, notwithstanding the- care with which they were watched, and the fact that it was in the midst of a cold winter.

The price of every species of property had advanced largely save two. These exceptions were land and slave property, (if it be lawful now to speak of slaves as property) the latter of which had greatly depreciated in value, owing to the almost absolute certainty that all slaves would shortly be freed. In the monthof January in this year several negro women were sold for from $200 to $250, and two or three children thrown in. The undivided half of over 3000 acres of land belonging to the estate of A. J. Buffington ^old under a deed of trust for $500. About the 1st of Fe^ ruary 240 acres of land belonging to Robt. O. Turner's estate, was sold for $55. In some parts of the county, however, farms brought $10 or $15 per acre.

About the last of January the house of a Mr. Glover, near Bogard's Mound, was burned by three bushwhackers. Mr. Glover was a member of the 2d Missouri cavalry, (Merrill's Horse,) and was in the service at the time. His wife was at home. She states that a little after dark three men came to her house and demanded her money. They ransacked the house, set it on fire and left. The militia went out and scoured the country, but found no trace of the bushwhackers.

About the 1st of March Capt. Wm. M. Eads, who had been appointed commissary of exemptions for Carroll county, went to Jefferson City to Ascertain the number of men that Carroll county had furnished for the federal service in order to determine whether or not the county would have to stand the draft then contemplated by the federal administration. T'he captain found that the county had already furnished 741 men, as follows:

Taking into consideration the population it was learned that Carroll county had furnished more men for the union army than any otlier county in the district, and would not be subject to the draft, provided she obtained her proper credits. Indeed the county could have said to President Lincoln, in the words of Gov. Bramlette, of Kentucky: " Come on with your draft; our quota is full on both sides P''

By the efforts of Mr. L. B. Ely and others the sum of $500 was raised in the county in aid of the United States Sanitary Commission, and sent to the Mississippi Valley sanitary fair, held at St. Louis. The njoney was all raised by voluntary contributions, and was designed for the aid and comfort of sick and wounded federal soldiers.

With the putting out of the leaves the confederate guerrillas began again to swarm. About the 1st of May Quantrell's, Todd's, and Anderson's commands were all back from northern Texas, where, they had spent the winter, and were on the war path in this part of the state on both sides of the river. Jackman, with a force half regular confederates and half bushwhackers and guerrillas, was down in Howard. Thraillkill was in Clay, Platte, Clinton, and Caldwell, as necessity demanded, and soon had a considerable force. Jim Rider and Charley Turpin (who called himself Burton then) were ranging through the woods in the northeastern part of the county, each with half a dozen followers.

About 15,000 pounds of cotton raised in the county was ginned by Messrs. Musser & Winfrey, who had put up a cotton gin in connection with their woolen factory at Carrollton. It was estimated that 20,000 pounds of a very good article of cotton were raised in the county in the y^ear 1863.

On the night of the 2d of June the factory establishment mentioned in the preceding paragraph was totally destroyed by' fire at Carrollton. The lo.ss was about $20,000, nearly one-half of which was on the cotton and wool stored in the building, belonging to the patrons of the factory. A sad incident connected with this catastrophe was the' burning to death of a lad about 15 years of age, named William Vickery, who was employed in the factory and who was in the building when the fire broke out. His charred remains were found the next morning near where the engine stood.

On the 6th of June the Democrats of the county held a convention and appointed delegates to the State convention which in turn was to select delegates to the national convention. Col. Hale called the meeting to order. R, W. Dickinson presided and H. H. Brand acted as secretary. Delegates were appointed to the State convention as follows: Mr. H. Pate, John Calvert, R. W. Dickinson, R. W. Ridgel, W. M. Eads, and J. W. Montgomery. On motion of Col. Hale Gen. George B. McClellan was declared to be the first choice of the meeting for the Presidency.

There was quite a spirit of controversy between the two wings of the Union party - the conservatives or Democrats and the radicals or Republicans. (And the same exists to this day!) Sometimes this controversy assumed a bitter and malevolent character. The radicals sometimes called their opponents "rebel sympathizers" and " copnerheads." The conservatives retorted in what they deemed proper language, suited to the occasion, and matters were warm at times. The Confederates or " rebels " proper, not being allowed to vote, sat back and looked on at the quarrel, it being one in which they v.'here not especially interested.

The fourth of July was observed by a dinner at Deigle's hotel, and the reading of the Declaration of Independence by Col. Hale. There was a great deal of excitement in the county just then, owing to the presence in the country of numerous bands of bushwackers and guerrillas. Saline and Lafayette were infested with them, and 100 of them under Clift*. Holtzclaw raided Keytesville, destroying county records, robbing citizens, etc. Frankford, a German village on the river in Saline county, was also raided; nine houses and a church burned and one citizen killed. About 100 of them appeared at Miami and at other points opposite this county and seemed desirous of crossing. Fourteen citizens of Union proclivities were murdered in Chariton County in two weeks. Two guerrillas induced the ferryman at Brunswick to cross them and on arriving at the north bank put spurs to their horses and galloped through the town firing at everything that wore a blue coat.

In the early morning of July 7, about 15 guerrillas, under one Silas Gordon made a raid on Miles' Point, and sacked the place. The stores of hir. Lutz, Mr. Barbee, Mr. Hill, and the residences of other citizens were robbed of money and goods. About the time they left town a part ofCapt. Francis' company of Enrolled Militia and some citizens that had been collected the evening before as a guard or watch rode up and fired ing to cross a slough near by five of there horses mired down and the riders took to their heels and escaped. The horses were captured, together with some of the stolen property, and brought back to the Point. In making arrangements to pursue the guerrilla.s, soon after, a gun was accidentally discharged, killing Mr. F. J. Francis and wounding Peter Burchet and Samuel Kratcer.

Murder Of George Schmitt

On the morning of the 5th, at about 1 o'clock, three guerrillas went to the residence of Mr. George Schmitt, a discharged soldier from the 3d M. S. M., living near the bluffs 12 miles west of Carrollton, and after entering the house demanded his money, which he gave them to the amount of about $130. They then took some of his clothing. After questioning him as to his being in the Federal service they informed him that they meant to kill him. His family entreated the guerrillas not to kill him, especially after they had robbed him and he had not resisted, and as he had never harmed will kill him, and if you inform the militia before to-morrow we will come back and kill all of you." Notwithstanding the entreaties of Schmitt's wife and sister the guerrillas carried him about 100 yards from the house where he was found next morning dead, shot through the head. A detachment of militia under Lt. Hudson was sent out from Carrollton upon receipt of the news, but no trace was found of the miscreants, who* were Sfiid to be Thraillkill's men.

Bill Anderson was at Waverly a few days prior to this, and attacked the steamboat "Live Oak," which escaped by pulling out into the river, and it is said by some that Schmitt's murderers were not Thrailkill's men, but Anderson's .

On the 28th of Junej Gen. Rosecrans then in command in Missouri, with headquarters in St. Louis, in view of the situation in this and other parts of the State, called upon the people to co-operate with the military in securing protection. He requested them to hold meetings in every township, and say whether or not they were in favor of co-operation, and if so to organize and officer companies, irrespective of party, and apply to the nearest military post for as.sistance.

In Carroll county, these meetings were generally held, and the sentiment was overwhelmingly in favor of doing everything possible to keep the guerrillas from entering the county, or drive them out, should they succeed in coming in. The meeting at Adkins' school-house was broken up by the presence of the guerrillas themselves.

About 5 o'clock, (some say 3 o'clock,) Tuesday afternoon, July 11, 1861, the famous guerrilla chieftain Wm. T. Anderson, with 22 men crossed the Missouri into Carroll county about 8 miles above Miami, and near the residence of Mr. George Adkins. But one skiff was used in crossing, and to obtain this cost Anderson one of his best men, a guerrilla named Thomas Bell. Anderson had followed the river down from Waverly, looking along both shores for a boat. At the point named he saw one, a skiff, on this side of the river. He called for volunteers to swim over and bring it, and two men, Jesse Hamlet and the man Bell stepped out and took the water. Bell was either seized with cramp or became exhausted, and about the middle of the stream sank and was drowned. Hamlet, (now a citizen of Lexington), from whom the writer obtained these particulars, reached the north bank and brought the skiff to Anderson very soon and in safety. Into this the men stepped, a boat-load at a time, and, holding them by the bridles and swimming them the entire distance, the horses were crossed* without the loss of one.

Riding rapidly on, Anderson and his men, near Daniel H. Cary's, came upon and killed in detail, Alexander Skaggs, John T. Arterburn, Jr., and Richard Wilson. The latter was killed in a field where he was plowing. An old man, named Hiram Griffith, was caught, and a wretch named Archibald Clements threw him down upon the ground, and cut his throat from ear to ear with a bowie-knife, and left him weltering in his own blood. All of the men killed were robbed of their money, and of the best of their clothing, especially if any of it chanced to be blue. Other citizens* houses were visited, and the women inmates terrorized and commanded to reveal the whereabouts of their husbands, some of whom had had barely time to escape. The ladies invariably refused or prevaricated.

Anderson landed in that portion of the county called "the Gourd," now in Eugene township. Many union men and federal sympathizers were citizens of " the Gourd," and the locality was in very ill favor with the confederates. In about an hour after landing, Andbrson and his men met with John L. Neet, of company L., 6th cavalry, M. S. M., home on furlough and newly married, and Bennet Hartgrove, Wm. Allen and Henry Manning, all of whom lived in the neighborhood and were going to the Adkins school house to organize to protect themselves against guerrillas, pursuant to Gen. Rosecrans' order. Anderson and his men were all dressed in federal uniform, and Neet and his companions thought them federal militia. Very soon they detected their real character, for the guerrillas began firing, and Bennet Hartgrove fell dead. Neet, Allen, and Manning made all haste to escape and were closely pressed b}^ the guerrillas. Neet received a ball through his hat, and his left shoulder was slightly cut. Getting a favorable opportunity he abandoned his horse and took to the brush, losing horse, saddle and bridle, but saving his life. Manning and Allen also escaped.

After cutting and slashing about the neighborhood an hour or so (not more), Anderson rode rapidly for the Rock' Ford on Grand' river,' where he expected to cross into Chariton county. He picked up a Mr. McDavid and John Riffe, whom he forced to accompany him as guides as far as Big creek, where others were procured. At Baum's mill, on Big creek, the guerrillas caught a young man, 18 years of age, named Solomon, a brother of Joseph Baum, of Carrollton, and a confederate sympathizer. Young Baum's residence was Carrollton, but he chanced to be at the mill that day on business. Anderson asked him if he was a union man, and Baum, thinking Anderson to be a ruffianly federal who would mistreat him if his answer was not favorable, replied that he was. Thereupon, preparations were made to hang him. A rope was taken from McDavid's horse and a limb selected for a gallows. The unfortunate man now realized the true situation, and began to plead for his life,. averring that he was not a union man, but a sympathizer with the south, and that but for circumstances over which he had no control, he would have been a confederate soldier long ago. His entreaties and his explanations were listened to with indifference soul, he's a Dutchman anyway." Thereupon, he wms " strung up," and left to swing and sway in the evening summer breeze, while Anderson and his band passed on.

Not far from Baum's mill lived Cyrus Lyons, and with him was Edwin Matthews. A neighbor named John Henry chanced to be present. Lyons was engaged in digging a well. His wife was lying dangerously sick at the time. Anderson called Lyons out to the fence and asked him:

Lyons, supposing he was talking to federals, answered that iie had not been informed that his services were needed; that he had belonged to Capt. Calvert's company, of Moberly's regiment, and while in service always tried to do his duty, and was ready to do it again.

Two or three of the gperrillas leaped their horses over the fence,, and shot down and killed Matthews and Henry. Then they went through the pockets of their victims and with a great deal of laughter and merriment at the sly trick they had played on the "three d d milish," they

The guerrillas then went to the residences of the Messrs. Humes, both of whom they robbed, one of money and clothing and the other, L. F. Hume, of a fine horse and revolver. They threatened Mrs. Hume with instant death and that of her. husband, if she did not produce such things as they asked for. Near the Rock Ford they arrested John Jenkins, whom they carried off with them across Grand river. It was now dark and the guerrillas were in Chariton county, but the people in Carroll were greatly alarmed.

Capt. Calvert's company from Carrollton, as soon as the alarm was given started after Anderson, struck his trail, followed it to Grand river, at the Rock Ford, and then turned back, having gone quite as far as was desirable or prudent, and soon returned to Carrollton.

Bennet Hartgrove, the first man killed by Anderson, was a native of Carroll county, about 36 years of age, and was a descendent of the pioneer Hartgrove, who settled " in- the Forks," of Wakanda. He left a wife and four children. He had been a member of Capt. Mayo's company, of the 3d M. S. M., but had been discharged for a wound in the hand which nearly disabled him.

John T. Arterburn was a son of Nevil Arterburn, and also a native of Carroll county. He left a wife and two children. He had been a member of Capt. Love's company, 7th Missouri volunteer cavalry, from which he had been discharged for ph^'sical disability.

Alexander Skaggs had also belonged to Love's company, but had been discharged for physical disability, occasioned by wounds received at the Hurricane fight, when Ballew bushwhacked the company. He left a wife and two children.

Richard Wilson was a native of New York, and aged about thirty years. He left a wife and three children. He had been -a member of Capt. Cary's company of the enrolled militia, but was not considered a very decided union man. H j was a quiet man and never rendered himself conspicuous during the troubles. He was universally respected and his death greatly deplored. One of the guerrillas has stated to the writer |hat he thinks it was Wilson who was killed because he refused to give information relative to the politics of his neighbors, and not especially because he had been in the militia.

Cyrus Lyons was a native of Madison county. New York, but had in Missouri for forty years. He had been in Capt. Calvert's company of the E. M. M., but was not in the service at the time he was

He left a wife and three children, and it is said that all who knew him greatly regretted the fact and were horrified at the manner of his death.

Edward Matthews was born on the Yadkin river, North Carolina, and was about thirty years of. age. He had married a relative of Mrs. Lyons. He was a religious man and generally respected. He had been orderly sergeant of the same company in which Lyons had served.

John Henry left a wife and family. He was extensively known through the country and is said to have been a good citizen. He also had belonged to the militia.

Solomon Baum, as has been said, was a young man and his home was in Carrollton. If he had decided politicah views they were, that the confederate cai^se was right. He had been very quiet, however, and for some time had been in the employ of his brother, Joseph Baum, the merchant, now the senior partner of the firm- of Baum, David & Co., of Carrollton. The only reason why young Baum was hanged was that given by Anderson, - he was "a Dutchman, anyway," and " Dutchmen," as the Germans were called, were all deemed to be federals."

Before the excitement occasioned by Bill Anderson's raid had passed away, the county was greatly stirred up by the report that John Thrailkill, at the head of a band of guerrillas numbering from 300 to 500, was moving into Carroll county, with Carrollton as his chief objective point, bn the evening of the 18th of July word w-as brought to Carrollton that Thrailkill and Thornton were coming, having been seen near Tinney's Grove, moving upon the county and the county seat. Scouts were immediately di.spatched to reconnoiter and report the movements of the enemy, while the citizens of the county who lived near Carrollton, without distinction of party, old and young, repaired to town and organized to the number of probably 600, Col. Hale in command, to defend themselves and the place.

There was, to be sure, the most intense excitement, and everything had to be done in a hurry, and it is not much wonder that very many ludicrous scenes transpired, and many things were done which viewed afterward were very funny. Anderson had murdered so horribly his victims, and it was said that Thrailkill was another Anderson with ten times as many men. Two or three false alarms were given that "they are coming! they are coming!" and the hurrying and skurrying about to meet the foe {or as it is said, to keep from meeting him yourself, but to have every other man meet him) were very entertaining. On one occasion the pickets on the Virginia street road fired "at a noise," and some of the newly organized military in Carrollton nearly burst blood vessels in their efiforts to get into line and out of range at the same time. In a short time the pickets southw'est of town, across the Wakanda, fired on one of the scouting parties sent out to reconnoiter the movements of the guerrillas, returning late at night, having been in the saddle all day without having eaten anything, and the consequent confusion was something long to be remembered. Some of the defenders of the town were old confederates, or rather ex-members of Claib. Jackson's Missouri state guard, and more of them were confederate^ but not guerrilla sympathizers.

Thrailkill, Thornton and their men passed through the Turkey Creek settlement to near the residence of J. W. Smith, Esq., southeast of Mandeville, where they pitched camp. At this camp Thornton made the men a speech. Between nine and ten o'clock at night they broke camp, moving first in a westerly direction, and afterward going into camp on Muddy creek, near Tinney's Grove. The next evening numbers of them were scouting about on Turkey, creek again, near Mandeville. Of these and the subsequent movements of Thrailkill's men, Campbell's Gazetteer of Missouri, p. 89, "Caldwell County," says:

In July, 1864, the confederates, under Maj. Thrailkill, entered the southwestern part of the county, capturing Peyton Davis, whom they compelled to act as guide. The home guards were at Daniel Michael's, awaiting their commander, Capt. Fortune. They were surprised by the confederates, who, on their march thither, had killed John Phillips and Joseph Kain, and severely wounded Daniel Toomey. A part of the home guard escaped, and those captured were soon released through the representations of Judge S. D. Davis and others. Thrailkill marched to Tinney's Grove, thence into Carroll county, and two days later returned to Kingston. Th»* home guards, finding themselves outnumbered, withdrew to Hamilton, and many of the citizens took to the brush. The confederates broke open the court house vault and safe, taking therefrom about $8,000 belonging to the school fund. They burned all papers relating to the enrollment of the militia, but did not harm the other records. They broke open and rifled the store of Northup & Lewis. From Kingston they proceeded to Mirabile, breaking open the .stores and scattering the goods in the streets, and took from Dr. Crawford's safe a large sum of money. The next day they passed on to Plattsburg.

About the 1st of August, another alarm was given at Carrollton. About ten o'clock at night the pickets got frightened, fired, and ran in. The militia, of cqurse, speedily fell in and stood on their arms for some time. When the alarm was first given, John Anderson, a member of ^apt. Calvert's company, ran to his tent, and getting hold of his gun, the cap exploded, discharging the whole load through his body, causing instant death. He left a wife and one child.

On Monday morning, July 31, Bill Anderson with ten men entered the county on his way from Howard and Chariton to Clay county, to form a junction with another guerrilla chieftain, Fletcher Taylor, then operating in Clay county. Anderson crossed Grand river at a ford near the mouth of Grand river, and proceeded in a westerly direction to the Underwood farm, near which place he caught up Mr. Wm. Z. Darr, now a citizen of Carrollton, whom he forced to accompany him as a guide. The ten men with Anderson were Arch. Clements, John Maupin, Tuck Hill, Wool. Hill, Hiram Guess, Jesse Hamlet, Polk Helms, Wm. Reynolds, Cave Wyatt, and Ben Broomfield, the latter a half Indian.

From the Underwood place the march was continued westerly to Geo. W. Dean's. Soon after leaving Dean's the guerrillas met Isaac W. Dugan, who was on horseback, and on his way to a neighbor's to grind his ax. Dugan was an ex-militiaman. They forced him to turn about and accompany them. As Anderson's men were all dressed in federal blue but one, it is presumed that Dugan thought them federals at hrst, but he was soon undeceived. The guerrillas manifested quite a frankish disposition, and began diverting themselves with teasing Dugan in various ways. Discovering that Dugan's horse was somewhat fractious, they had a great deal of sport by thrusting sticks under the horse's tail, causing it to kick immoderately and violently. This was repeated from time to time, as fun was wanted. At last the residence of Mrs. Mitchell, in the western part of Ridge township, was reached, a double house with a covered porch between the rooms. Here Dugan was sent in to order dinner, Anderson opening the gate, and Dugan's horse, provoked by the exasperating sticks, entering the yard kicking wildly.

There were four ladies at the house, Mrs. Mitchell, Miss Susan Mitchell, Mrs. Stephen Mitchell, and Mrs. Jabez Calvert, the latter with her infant child. The horses were turned loose in the yard, and fed with oats which Mr. Dugan was compelled to bring and supply to the animals, and dinner was prepared and eaten. After dinner, some of the men amused themselves by playing on a violin; others, by chafing and talking to the ladies, and still others, tired out by their hard ride, were lying in the yard asleep, for a guerrilla could fall asleep in a minute, and awaken in an instant at the command, "saddle up!"

In the meantime, about a dozen citizens had collected at Capt. J. W. Hudson's, a few miles east from Mrs. Mitchell's, and started in pursuit of the guerrillas, determined to attack them at the first opportunity, and rescue, if possible, Messrs. Darr and Dugan, whom it was supposed would be taken into Ray county and killed. Accidentally, the guerrillas were discovered at Mrs. Mitchell's, and Hudson and his men left their horses in charge of one man, and proceeded through a corn field, which came up - within a few yards of the back of tl\p house. The citizens, or " home guards," were indifferently armed, and the guerrillas carried from two to four navy revolvers in their belts, with two or three extra loaded cylinders in their pockets, and consequently they - the citizens - were in some'trepidation as they reached the fence, within twenty steps of the house. At a signal a portion of the men fired into the entry, riddling chairs and other furniture, and causing a general stampede. Mrs. Calvert was in the entry, and one of the guerrillas was playing with her child. She was slightly wounded across the breast, and the infant was also wounded on the chin and hand. Miss Susan Mitchell was also wounded in the hand. As soon as the firing began, Mr. Dugan attempted to escape, and running towards his friends was shot dead by one of them, who was too much excited to distinguish him from a guerrilla. Mr. Darr took advantage of the confusion, and made good his escape in safety on foot.

As soon as Hudson's men opened fire, the guerrillas, used to all kinds of warfare, rallied, and drawing their revolvers returned the shots. Only one of their number, Hiram Guess, was scratched. A few rounds were interchanged, some of the guerrillas knocking out the chinking of one of. the rooms, and using the openings as port holes. Alarmed at the firing, some of the horses of the citizens broke away, and the citizens themselves, seeing what a miserable failure their attack had proved, retreated. It was but the work of a few moments for Anderson and his men to nfount and pursue, and once in the saddle they were at home. Some of them started around the field to where Hudson's horses were, and prevented some of the citizens from mdunting. A- guerrilla, named John Maupin, pursued Mr. John Kirker, whose horse fell. Maupin came upon him, shot him, and, springing from his horse, scalped. him, and then with his bowie knife cut off his head, mutilating the body in a shocking manner. Mr. James Walker was slightly wounded on the throat. Mr. John Warnock was slightly wounded on the middle finger ot the left hand; a shot at the same time struck the barrel of his gun, as he was in the act of shooting lefthanded, between the thumb and finger of the right hand, and he actually caught this ball in his hand without further injury than a slight scratch. Mr. Alex. Hayward was shot through the -calf of the right leg, while being pursued, and before he got to the brush. Mrs. Stephen Mitchell, at the first firing, attempted to make her escape to a neighbor's. Ander- ' son himself, and Arch. Clements, followed her, and she not obeying the command to "stop," Anderson brought her down with a pistol ball, which took effect in the top of the right shoulder, and came out under the left shoulder blade. When afterward reproached, by some of his men, for shooting a woman, Anderson said, "Well, it haS got to come to that before J long anyhow." Mrs. M. recovered, and is still living, the wife of the county surveyor. Edwards' "Noted Guerrillas" says that Anderson ^''accidentally shot a lady during the melee;" but, like many other statements made in that volume, this one is incorrect.

After dispersing the home guards Anderson's men passed on to the house of Mr. Stephen Mitchell, (whose wife they had shot), which they first plundered and then burned. Then they went to Mrs. John Nance's house, which they also sacked and burned; thence to Mr. John Hays's residence which they robbed but did not burn. Fortunately for Mr. Hays he had left the house but a few moments before his guerrilla visitors arrived. After leaving Mrs. Mitchell's the guerrillas took a Mr. Latham prisoner and compelled him to guide them. Leaving Hays's they passed through the fields to San Francisco, where they released Mr. Latham and took Mr. Henderson and Mr. Baker as prisoners and guides. Next they went to the house of Thos. C. Mathews and took him and Wm. H. Graham prisoners. , It was now about dark.

Capt. Calvert's company and Capt. Cary's men were here within twenty minutes of the guerrillas, but owing to the darkness and the absence of Mrs. Mathew's family, who left when the guerrillas did, they could not tell the course or discover the track Anderson had taken for some hours. Meanwhile the guerrillas passed by A. Grow's westward on the prairie, where they camped from about midnight until daylight. A part of the militia camped at Mr. Brown's.

In the morning Lieut. Wm. Beatty, Jr., with a part of his company was on the look-out near Turkey creek bridge, and espied the guerrillas. He soon communicated with Capts. Cary's and Calvert'S and one other company of Ray county militia and the whole force, about 125 men, were soon in hot pursuit of the eleven guerrillas. Beatty and his men were often in sight of them. In the borders of Ray county, at a place called Russellville, they came upon Mr. Russell and his son, the latter a young Federal officer home on leave of absence. After talking pleasantly with them fora few minutes the guerrillas suddenly shot down the unsuspecting Federals, jumped from their horses and stripped and robbed them, and rode away with the wailings of the murdered men's family in their ears. Soon after they met a young man named Oliphant, whom they halted and Anderson inquired, " What are you? " "-! am a union man," replied Oliphant. "Can you kill a bushwhacker?" interrogated Anderson. "Yes, I can." "Well, d - n you, you'll never have a better chance, for we're all bushwackers. " Then they began abusing him. First they stripped him. Then they whipped him with switches until he was well nigh dead. Then they made a noose of the bridle reins of his mule, put it about his neck, and fastened the other end to the mule's neck. Then they tied his saddle, a shabby affair, to the mule's tail and turned the animal loose, expecting it would run away and drag its owner to death. The mule, being gentle, did not run. It went but a few feet and stopped. The guerrillas followed it and urged it into a run, being determined that it should drag Mr. Oliphant to death.

The Carroll militia followed Anderson well into Ray county, and there turned over the pursuit to the militia of that county. Three of the guerrillas were dismounted in a skirmish that day, but none of them were killed, wounded or captured. Messrs. Henderson, Baker, Graham* and Matthews were not hurt, but were released north of Richmond and all returned home in safety.

While riding with Anderson in this county Mr. Wm. Z. Darr states the guerrilla ehieftain delivered him a long lecture on the shortcomings of professed " southern " men in Missouri who, he said, were rendering great service to the Federals by keeping on friendly terms with them and who ought to all go to bushwhacking and neither ask or give mercy. At times he characterized these recalcitrant southerners as " no better than Yankees." He also asked Mr. Darr where there were any members of the militia living not in service. Being informed that some of them lived on Hurricane and Big criieks, and were 'at home with their families, he expressed a strong desire to go among them. " By G - d, " he said, " I'd like nothing better than to go over there and clean them up." Mr. Darr had some difficulty in persuading him to forego his pleasurable mission.

To say that the county was thoroughly excited by these sanguinary incursions of but a handful of desperate men, would give a very inadequate idea of the situation. The name of Bill Anderson was on every tongue, and extraordinary as were his deeds they were greatly magnified and exaggerated. It is but the truth to say that, while among the militia there were many men of undoubted great personal courage, the most of them did not court an encounter with the ferocious guerrillas, of whose fighting qualities they had heard such wonderful accounts, and whose horrible work some of them had seen. One reason for this was that the militia were poorly armed, the most of them having but a musket apiece, while each guerrilla carried from twenty-four to thirty-six shots and was a proficient in revolver fighting, a spcies of warfare which they uniformly forced. Yet the militia companies constantly scoured the country in search of the guerrillas and a light with them. At last they found them and it.

On the 13th of August, 1864, Bill Anderson, at the head of about 75 n^en, some say 100, again entered Carroll county, this time from the west, snd coming in at Miles' Point. After leaving the Point, the next place

At Hill's Landing, the same evening, Anderson found James Warren, a citizen of Carrollton, and a member of Company M., Seventh M. S. M., Col. Phillips' regiment, who had been at his home on furlough and was on his way back to his command, and waiting the arrival of a steamboat to take him to Boonville. He was killed outright and robbed. His remains were brought to Carrollton and buried. Warren was thirty-three years of age and left a wife and three children. '

Not far below the Landing Anderson went into camp for the night. Some of his men scouted about the country that night and rfjjproached the federal pickets at Carrollton, where the garrison was on the qtii vivc and greatly exercised at the news that had been reported. The next morning Anderson moved off toward the east leisurely and apparently inviting an attack. He had at least 75 men, nearly all of whom had seen a great deal of guerrilla service and were heavily armed and well mounted and were accurate shots in conflict. He wished nothing more than that tvvice his number of militia men would come upon him.

The news that Anderson had passed through ^Ray county on his way to this was communicated by Capt. Tiffin, of Ray, to the garrison at Carrollton on the evening of the 13th. Preparations were instantly made to receive him should he attack Carrollton, as it was thought he would, or to pursue him if he did not. The militia in the coutry' were called in and armed as well as possible. Tiffin himself came up with his company of fifty men. Everything was gotten ready for a fight the next day.

One of the militia warned out was an Irishman named Kelly, living north or Carrollton. He was met on his way to the rendezvous, his gun on his shoulder and a lugubrious expression on his countenance. He was accosted:

The next day was Sunday. In the forenoon the companies of Capts. Calvert and Tiffin moved out after the guerrillas, and were soon on the trail. The militia numbered probably 150 men, as stated By Col. J. B. Hale, to whom Tiffin and Calvert reported. Anderson and his men were in camp, near the Wakanda, near the center of section 11, township 52, range 22. They had pickets out, who discovered the approach of the federals and fired. As soon as Capt. Tiffin, who was in the advance, saw the bushwhackers, he opened fire and ordered a charge.

Anderson and his men were soon in their saddles, and were but little disconcerted at the suddenness of the attack. They had a prisoner with them named Fox, whom they killed when the fighting began, and then turned their attention to the foe. Fox was a citizen of this county.

The militia were soon repulsed. Numbers of them were not in the fight at all. Only about fifty men followed Tiffin, and some of those that stayed back, it is said, fired into their own men. - Tiffin passed clearthrough the guerrillas, and then back to the main force in the rear. Had all of the militia fought with equal courage the result would have been different.

The yelling and shouting of the guerrillas, the rapid firing from pistols, carbines and muskets, the confusion incident to a fight of the kind, made a very exciting scene, taken all together. The affair was a deadly one, too. About eight or nine militia men were killed or ^mortally wounded. Two members of Calvert's company, Wm. Young and Robert Hudson, were killed, and one, James Kenton, was mortally wourfded, dying the next day. James Howell, 6f Co. C, 4th provisional militia, was wounded in the knee. The wound itself was slight, but he had just recovered from the measles, and the severe exercise and exposure, together with his hurt, caused a relapse, and he died on the 26th. Several of the Carroll men were wounded.

Ml Young was 33 years of age. He left a wife and children. - He was a member of the M. E. church, south, and a religionist. In the fight he received several wounds. James Kenton was 22 years old and unmarried. He was also a member of the Methodist church, and was a citizen of Carrollton. Howell was a young man from Ray county.

and James A. Hess. The latter was a recruit belonging to Co. B, 44th Missouri volunteers, and, like many others, had volunteered to go on the expedition after the guerrillas, and was only a militiaman teni. Neither the names of all the killed or of all the wounded can now be ascertained. It is asserted by some that only ten of the militia were killed or' died, but the ijiajority of the statements place the number at about 15.

Not all the casualti^'s were on one side. Anderson lost one man killed, 2 young guerrilla, 18 years old, named Dock Rupe. Among the wounded Were Anderson himself. Cave Wyatt, Arch Clements, Sandy McMacane, Peyton Long, Wm. Reynolds, Hiram Guess, Theo. Castle, Frank James 3nd Jesse James. The two latter have since become notorious by reason quite severely injured. , He was but 18 at the time, and a revolver ball hit him fair in the breast. He was taken to the residence of John Rudd, on the old Pritchard farm, near DeWitt, and nursed by Mrs. Rudd and Mr. and Mrs. S. Neale. Rudd was in the confederate army at the time. As nurses there accompanied Jesse James his brother Frank, and three other guerrillas named Gooly Robertson, Nat. Tigue and Ol. Shepherd. The other badly wounded guerrillas found asylums at other points in this county and in Chariton. Some were cared for in houses; others lay in the thick brush, without' shelter and with but the rudest medical treatment.

After re-forming their ranks, Capts. Calvert and Tiffin decided to press on after the guerrillas and fight them again. The latter had gone on after the fight, and were hiding their wounded and preparing to cross into Chariton. Taking »the road to the Rock Ford they passed Grand river at that point, and soon were well on their way to Howard county- The militia followed them only to Rock Ford, at first. Afterwards, on the following Tuesday, a company of the 1st Iowa cavalry and some Livingston county militia joined in the pursuit, which was kept up into Chariton county.

Before reaching the locality where the fight occurred and at the crossing of Sambo Slough Anderson's men met an old man named Chapman, whom they shot several times and killed. They also plundered some houses in the neighborhood, notably one belonging to Mr. Allen, at home then on furlough from his regiment, the 7th Mo. Vol. Cavalry. Mr. Allen barely made his escape. The guerrillas sacked his house, taking his

This fight, as before stated occurred in section 11, township 52, range 22, on land then belonging to a Mr. McElree. It is sometimes called the " McElree's ford fight," the "Simpson's ford fight," and "the fight at Sambo Slough," although the locality is a mile from the slough. " Edwards' Noted Guerrillas" attempts a description of the fight, locating it "beyond the FlatJ?.ock Ford;" putting the number of Federals killed at 76, and giving a very wild and altogether inaccurate account of the affair-

Following the Sambo Slough fight, there was the most intense apprehension and alarm felt throughout the county. Every stranger, or a man on horseback at a distance, was thought to be a bushwhacker. People secreted their valuables, their horses and themselves on many occasions. Southern sympathizers fared hardly. Whether they endorsed the acts of the bushwackers or not - and it is quite certain that the majority of them did not - some of the militia wanted to believe and profes.sed to know that they did, and in the language of that day, "made it hot for them." Be-

On the 29th of August Col. J. H. Shanklin, who, on the retirement of Col. Hale from the service, had been placed in command- of the district, s sued the following order:

I. George Deigel, David Gilbert, Jonathan Hill, Harrison Graham and J. F. Calvert, composing the Committee of Public Safety of Carroll County, appointed in pursuance of general orders from headquarters Department 01 the Missouri, or any two or more of them, will proceed without delay to investigate any and all acts of lawlessness, robbery, or wanton destruction of property that they may have reason to believe have been committed-in Carroll County since the first day of the present month.

II. To the end that the investigation may be thorough, they will cause to come before them all persons supposed to have any knowledge of the commission of any acts as aforesaid and give their testimony under oath.

III. Capt. Thos. S. Cary, in command'of the E. M. M. forces, whose headquarters are at Carrollton, will detail a sufficient force to bring witnesses before the committee. The Sheriff of Carroll County and his deputies will also assist the committee in bringing witnesses before it.

IV. The testimony taken before the committee will be reduced to writing, and with the report of the committee thereon will be forwarded to these headquarters with the least possible delay.

About the 1st of September, Calvert's company of the Provisional Militia, which had been on duty at Carrollton, was relieved, and Capt. Thos. Cary's Company took its place. Capt. Kelley's company, of the I7th Illinois, also appeared in the county, and remained for some weeks, leaving unpleasant reminiscences of themselves in the memories of many people by reason of their propensities for horsefleshf. They carried away several good horses, which some of their owners had great difficulty in getting restored.

On the 30th of August' a Mrs. McKinney of Miles' Point, was taken violently ill immediately after dinner. A physician pronounced her case poisoned by strychnine. She died in an hour or so. A negro girl, her servant, was suspected, and the Committee of Safety ordered her arrest. The girl, hearing that the militia were coming to arrest her, said to her colored friends, " I will save them the trouble," and when the militia arrived they found her dead. It was believed that she took a fatal dose of the same poison that she had given to her mistress.

About this time the militia arrested two horsemen who alleged that they were stock and grain buyers. One of them gave his name as Madtiox, and said he lived near Breckinridge; the other gave his name as ^Vork, and claimed to live in Pike county, Illinois. Some citizens who had seen Anderson's men when they last passed through the county, claimed to recognize them as members of the band, and they were started to Chillicothe for examination. In the north part'of the county the guards claimed that Work tried to escape and was shot. Many believed that he was wantonly killed.

Near the same time, a man whose name is best remembered as Wash. Minear was arrested near Baum's Mill, charged with being a bushwhacker, and was brought to Carrollton. The next morning he was also started to Chillicothe. The guards returned and reported that this prisoner also tried to escape, when over near Grand River, was shot several times and soon died. There were many who believed that this prisoner was killed wilfully in retaliation for the murder of citizens in " the Gourd" by Anderson. Many of the militia were neighbors and relatives of Anderson's victims. The exact truth in reference to the matter can probably never be ascertained. The militia may have done their duty in the premises and they may not. Many a Confederate prisoner made plucky attempts to escape and lost his life, and many a prisoner was maliciously shot and the excuse given that " he tried to get away."

Several detachments of militia passed through the county now from week to week "hunting bushwhackers." Major King, with a considerable force, including some Carroll county detachments, went over into Chariton and Howard and defeated Clif. Holtzclaw's band of bushwhackers about the 10th of September. But yet, bushwhackers got into the county in spite of the efforts made to keep them out. Squads of them were in nearly every part of the county at times. They wore blue clothing, and were often taken for the militia and allowed to ride through unmolested. It is said that John Thrailkill passed through from west to east, goin^ within a mile of Carrollton, and with only five men.

About the 18th of September, another band of guerrillas .led by Geo. Todd and John Thrailkill entered the county near. Mills''Point from the west and going eastward. They numbered about 150 men. Silas Gordon was also with them, but what position he held does not appear. Near the residence of Col. Austin - or as some say, near Shanghai, - an ex-militia-man named Sibert was encountered and killed. When the band reached Col. Austin's, a young guerrilla, not more than eighteen years of age, was heard by L. K. Kinsey, Esq., and others, to boast that it was he who killed Sibert. As related by the youthful desperado, Sibert had crawled into a fence comer, among some high weeds, where he thought he was secure. He was seen by this boy, who crept stealthily up and poured the contents of a single-barrelled shot-gun into him as he lay prone and trembling in his weedy covert.

Col. Austin argued with, them against the attempt. He told them that doubtless they could take the place, but in doing so, men would be killed on both sides, "and after you have gone," said he, "the federal militia will take fearful vengeance upon all southern sympathizers, and many an innocent man will suffer for what you have done. " The colonel's expostulations seemingly had some effect, for Todd seemed to conclude that after all it would not be best, especially after he was informed that the county funds had been removed by the treasurer to Chillicothe.

After leaving Austin's, Todd and Thrailkill passed down the bottom, and came near Carrollton, having determined to attack the place, notwithstanding the remonstrances of Col. Austin. They were deterred by a humorous circumstance. The militia and citizens had been apprised that a guerrilla force was in the neighborhood, threatening the town, and were on the alert. Pickets were put out and nearly every able-bodied man was under arms. Todd and some of his men came up about where south Carrollton now stands, to reconnoiter. Their intention was to surprise the place. Suddenly they heard a trampling as of a body of horsemen crossing the Wakanda bridge, and seemingly coming towards them. They concluded that their object had been discovered, and that the militia were coming out to meet them. It was some time after night had set in and they could not see. The truth was that the tramping was made by the harmless "town cows" of Carrollton, wandering down to their resting place at the little lake south of the town! The cackling of the' silly geese saved ancient Rome on one occasion, and the tramping of a herd of innocent old cows saved Carrollton. If the town ever adopts a coat of arms, a cow rampant (or trampant) ought to have a conspicuous place thereon.

When they passed the residence of A. C. Blackwell, on their way east, the guerrillas told him that they found Carrollton not only alert and watching for them, but heard distinctly the cavalry coming out to fight them.

The poor cows frightened not only the guerrillas but the militia as well. The latter heard the fearful rumbling, and many a heart stood still at the sound, are coming! They are coming! " was the alarm passed along the line. Not until a reconnoitering squad was sent out and had returned, did the apprehension that the town was destined to attack, " to rapine and slaughter dire " pass away. The reconnoitering force found instead of a band of blood-thirsty, bushwhackers, bristling with weapons and bent on slaughter, the harmless cows calmly and peacefully slumbering or ruminating beside the placid little lake or the still -waters of the Wakanda.

Todd took his men out of the county and into Chariton, crossing Grand river at the Rock Ford. The next day, or the next thereafter, these same guerrillas captured Keytesville, and sacked the town, and on the 26th were in the fight at Centralia, where, in conjunction with the forces of Bill Anderson and Dave Pool, they met 130 men of the 39th Missouri Infantry, under Maj. A. V. E. Johnson, and killed every man but four. The total force of the guerrillas was about 300.

The Killing Ok Capt. Peery And Lieut. Williams

In the first week of October, Capt. Peery (or Col. Peery, - his rank is questioned) of the confederate army under Gen. Price, then in Missouri, Lieut. Monroe Williams and another man, left the army on leave of absence to visit their homes, in Livingston county, and empowered to recruit for the confederate service. . They crossed the Missouri at Waverly, and made their way through this county. One morning they appeared at the residence of Mr. R. A. Miller, who then lived in Morris township. They demanded that breakfast be brought out to them where they sat on their horses. Mr. M. states that he furnished them with what he could take from the breakfast table, as they would not wait to have a square meal prepared. As they were dressed in blue clothing. Miller thought they were federal militia, and when they asked him certain questions, especiall}' some relative to the whereabouts and numbers of the militia in the county, he thought they were "Grundy county militia" and were testing his loyalty.

Being informed that there were no militia in Coloma, Peery and his comrades rode through that place, and about a mile north of the town, in the timber on 'Tater Hill Creek, lay down to re^t and sleep. Peery was well acquainted with the country where he then was, and doubtless thought himself safe. It was he who had the first fight with the federals this county, at Perry Todd's, in September, 1861.

Capt. Wm. Beatty, of the militia, at the head of about fifteen men, learning of the presence of the three confederates, made pursuit and soon got on their trail. He found them in their retreat in the 'Tater Hill timber. His men wanted to fire on them, but, as the captain afterward stated to Maj. Deigel, he restrained them, for he said he saw that they could easily be captured. Suddenly Peery discovered his enemies, and raising, he fired one shot. Then the militia fired, and rushed upon them. Peery and Williams were both killed. It has been stated that Peery was killed by one of the militia after he had been cruelly wounded, and it is also charged' that Williams was similarly served. The other man was unhurt and made his escape.

killed in retaliation, (an account of which is to be found on a subsequent page of this history), this affair has been much commented upon, and there are two versions thereof, one of which is that the men were murdered, and the other that there was warrant for the killing. Capt. Beatty himself stated that Williams and Peery could have been taken prisoners, as after Peery fired, all three threw up their hands in token of surrender, but that his men shot them in spite of his efforts to restrain them. Many think they were wilfully killed, without excuse. Col. Peery's boots were taken from his feet and worn by a militiaman, and other articles of his clothing and that of Williams, it is claimed, were also taken. On the other hand the militiamen claimed that the f^ict that the confederates were dressed in federal uniform w'as a sufficient warrant for their death; that they had every appearance of and behaved- themselves as bushwhackers and not as regular confederate soldiers, which they were; that it was believed they belonged to Bill Anderson's or Thrailkill's gang, whose atrocities had filled the people of the county of all parties with horror; and that Peery himself fired the first shot. Of course they deny that they were killed while begging for their lives. What the truth was cannot now be ascertained. If the killing was not a bad business at the start, it proved to be, for six other men, two of whom it is certain were innocent, lost their lives in consequence. It is as hard for one side to excuse the robbing of the*bodies as it is for the other to justify the wearing of blue uniform, and the matter will probably never be settled to the entire satisfaction of everybody.

On the 30th of August, 1864, Gen. Price began his famous raid into Missouri, which was so full of promise, but which terminated so disastrously. On the ]0th of October, a considerable force of Price's army under Gens. John B. Clark and Jo. O. Shelby, captured Glasgow with its garrison and all its stores. The town was defended by a part 'of the 43d Missouri, detachments of the 9th M. S. M., two companies of the 17th Illinois cavalry, 20 men of the 13th Missouri cavalry from this county, under Capt. John E. Mayo, and 60 Ray and Clay county militia, the whole under command of Col. Chester Harding, of the 43d Missouri. The Carroll county men received honorable mention for their conduct in defending a certain bridge against the assaults of the confederates.

After the surrender of Glasgow, advance couriers from Price's army made their appearance in this county on furlough and recruiting service. Part of Titworth's company of Gordon's regiment, Shelby's division, were from this county, as were many members of John B. Clark's brigade. These men, or nearly all of them, made their way to their old homes. Capt. John L..Mirick was in the bottom, and had recruited a company.

Capt. Cottingham was in the northeastern part of the county with another company. He was just recovering from two severe wounds which he had received but a short time before. The captain and seven of his men made a night raid on the premises of Berry Jones, a union man living near DeWitt, for the purpose, as Capt. C. states, of securing some arms which were supposed to be at Jones' (and which were). Jones shot four of the party, all of them badly, and one of them a young boy named Perry Callaway, who, according to Cottingham, had belonged at one. time to Bill Anderson, was killed or mortally wounded. The captain was shot twice, once in the head and once in the thigh. The particulars of this incident are to be found on another page of this volume.

As before stated, the country was swarming with confederates, and new recruits, hating federal rule, were taking the opportunity, long sought, to enlist under the stars and bars. Capt. D. A. Williams, of Thompson's old regiment, Shelby's brigade, left Gen. Price at Boonville, with orders to come over into this county and Livingston, and recruit. He was a brother of the Lieut. Monroe Williams, killed by the militia with Capt. Peery. Capt. Williams had a company of his old soldiers with him, and with these and all of the confederates in the county, old soldiers and new recruits, Hbltzclaw's company, 60 men from Cottingham's, etc., making a force estimated from 300 to 800 men, he appeared before Carrollton on the 17th of October, and demanded its surrender. The town was then garrisoned by Maj. George Deigel, with about 150 members of the militia, and at this time probably 50 citizens were under arms. Slight breastworks had been thro-wn up at the corners of the public square, and south of town.

The confederates had determined on the capture of the place, since they found there was but a ^yeak force and the thing could be accomplished with but little difficulty. The command of the entire force was given to Capt. Williams, who approached the town on the norfh and west. The night before,the pickets of both sides were within 20 or 30 yards of each other. The next morning Capt. Williams sent in a demand for surrender, saying that he had 1500 men, a battery of artillery, etc., and was abundantly able to take the town, and would do so by bombardment if necessary. Maj. Diegel met Capt. Williams in person on Main street, near where the Bap*. tist church now gtands, and the terms of surrender were agreed upon. By these terms the garrison were all to be surrendered as prisoners of war, but to be immediately released on parole and allowed to return to their homes. The militia formed along the north side of the square and stacked their arms, and the confederates came pouring in.

Not a great deal of lawlessness was committed by the confederates during the forty-eight hours they held possession of Carrollton. Not a person was killed, not a house was burned. The stores were plundered, it is true, of several thousand dollars' worth of goods, and many titizens were robbed of th^ir purses and pocket books; some horses were also "pressed" into service. Some of the troopers broke into the ribbon cases of l^ainter & Minnis's store and carried off large quantities of ribbon, with which they decorated themselves, their horses, saddles, etc., very gaudily and profusely. The merchants who lost heaviest were Painter & Minnis, Best Bros., R. G. Martin, Baum & David, and another firm or two. Every safe in town* except the county safe, was broken open and robbed of what money it contained. The county court had ordered Treasurer Minnis to take the money of the county, $40,000, to Chillicothe, and express it from there to the state bank of Missouri, at St. Louis, for safe keeping, which he had done, making the trip to Chillicothe across the countrj' escorted by Capt. Cary and fifteen or twenty of his company of militia.

The prisoners were not released according to promise. They were kept under close guard that night, and many of them were very apprehensive that they wCTild be murdered, as Holtzclaw's guerrillas were in the place, and some of Jo. Shelby's most desperate men were among the captors. The next morning the officers were paroled and released, but the men were all marched away. Maj. Diegel, by permission, accompanied them. They were marched to Brunswick, where they crossed the river. From here they marched to the headquarters of Gen. Price, in the Grand Pass, Saline county.

The rriofning after the arrival of the Carrollton prisoners at the Grand Pass, six of them were called* out of the ranks by name, taken out to a ravine, and all of them shot dead. This was done by order of Cap. Williams in retaliation for the killing of his brother. Lieutenant Monroe Williams, and Capt. Peery, before mentioned ; but it is said that he had the approval of his senior officers. The men were all members of Beatty's company, and on the scout that killed Peery and Williams, although two of them were not present when the killing was done. The names of the men were Joel Trotter, Alexander Stanley', John Street, James Street, William Silkey and John F. Addison. Two ladies of Saline county, Mrs. Mary Meadows and Mrs. A. M. Creel, heard the firing when these men were shot, and as the army left in a short time, they went out and found them all dead. Dr. G. W. Hereford and Mr. A. M. Creel, of the neighborhood, had them temporarily buried, but their relatives in this county afterward brought their remains home and re-interred them in this county with military', honors.

]oel Trotter was a member of Beatty's company, but not present when ^cery and Williams were killed. He was a man universally esteemed, "nd his memory is respected to this day. At one time he had been county surveyor and at another county assessor. He was in the prime of and left a wife and small family.

Alexander Stanley was aged nineteen. He was a' son of Hon. James Stanley, and a young man of rnuch promise. The fact and manner of his death were greatly deplored. Like Trotter, young Stanley was not pres* ent at the killing of Peery and Williams.

John F. Addison was r. native of Kentucky. It is said that he shot Capt. Peery after he Had been wounded, and that he had the dead man's boots on when captured. He left a wife.

John and James Street were sons of John M. Street, now a citizen of Leslie township, and both of them were born in this county. They seem to have been regarded as estimable young men, but were present when Peery and Williams were killed. - What part they took in that affair is not known.

After the six men named had been killed, the rest of the Carrollton prisoners, accompanied by' Maj. Diegel, were sent to Waverly, where it was expected a steam ferry would be in waiting, to cross them to the Carroll county side, but when they arrived there was no boat. The men stayed in Waverly that night. Maj. Diegel procured them some provisions, and the citizens of Waverly, nearly all of whom were ardent confederate sy'mpathizers, showed them many favors and assisted in making them as comfortable as possible. The next morning»they made rafts and crossed over and were soon at their homes, glad that they hdd" escaped with their own lives, but sad at the thought of the fate of their six comrades. The commissioned officers had all been left in Carrollton, with the exception of Maj. Diegel, and in a day or two they went to Chillicothe for safety.

About the 25th of October, Bill Anderson made his last raid through Carroll county*. This time he passed up the bottom from east to west, from Glasgow on his way up into Ray county. In Miami township he killed a union man named Etter, and took an old man named Isenhour (or Eisenhour), prisoner and forced him to accompany him as a guide. Anderson . told Isenhour that he (Anderson) belonged to Jim Lane's Kansas jayhawkers. Isenhour fell into the trap and said that he himself was a strong federal sy'mpathizer.

Near Col. Austin's residence Anderson detailed three of his men, one of whom was Arch Clements, " to take the guide to the rear and parole him." The three men took Isenhour into a patch of brush near the road, threw him on the ground, and cut off' his head. They then folded the arms of the corpse across the breast, in such a manner as to embrace the bleeding head, rifled the dead man's pockets, and rode away. Meantime, another guide, Mr. Wm. Penn, had been impressed by the guerrillas, but a mile or two above, was released. Penn returned to Austin's and informed the Col. and Mr. L. K. Kinsey that he believed the guerrillas had killed the other guide. Austjn and Kinsey started out to investigate, and an old negro woman told them that there was a dead man out in the brush, for she had heard him strugling when he was killed. The body was found, as heretofore described, and conveyed to Austin's by Kinsey and the Colonel who made a coffin and placed it therein, and then sent word of the affair down into " the Gourd," where it was believed Isenhour had lived. In a day or two a preacher was engaged to take the body to the eastern part of the county, and this was done.

Anderson at this time had about 150 men. The next day he was Joined by about the same number of confederate recruits under Col. Thornton and Capt. Asbury, and this force was attacked near Albany, Ray county, on the 27th of October, by a force of militia under Maj. John Grimes and Maj. Samuel P. Cox, and Anderson was killed. He had two gold watches, a considerble sum of money in gold and greenbacks and six revolvers on his person, and dangling from his horse's bridle were several human scalps.* The body was taken to Richmond and photographed, after which it was buried in the Richmond cemetery, where it now lies. There was also found on the noted guerrilla's body the following order:

Capt. Anderson, with his command, will at once proceed to the north side of the Missouri river, and permanently destroy the North Missouri railroad, going as far east as practicable. He will report his operations at least every two da^s.

Shirley

After Bill Anderson was killed in Ray county, October 27, his first lieutenant, Arch Clements, assumed command of the entire force of some 300 confederates and guerrillas, and pledged himself to cross the Missouri in 48 hours. He refused to consider the rank of Col. Thornton or recognize the authority of any of the other confederate officers as superior to his. "This is bushwhacking, gentlemen," said he; "you men uiay be my superiors in the regular service, but, by G - d, no man is my superior as a bushwhacker. Fall inF Clements at this time was only about twenty years of age. Enforcing explicit obedience to his every command, Clements swung his entire force north of Richmond, safely away from Cox's l^^ia, and then started east for Brunswick. Reaching the western part of this county he sent out a scouting party in the direction of Carrollton, This party came to the residence of Capt. Wm. Beaty, west of town. Beaty was eating dinner. At his house was a member of his company, Caleb W. Shirley. Both Beaty and Shirley had -been taken prisoners at the surrender of Carrollton, had been paroled and their paroles were in their pockets. But no sooner did they see the guerrillas than they knew their lives were in danger, and springing fjom their seats they sought to make their escape. The guerrillas shot Shirley in the hip as he left the door, bringing him tp the ground. Then they pursued Beaty, and just as he was climbing a fence shot and killed him. Returning to the house where Shirley lay, the wounded man begged for his life, saying, "I am a paroled prisoner, aud have my parole in my pocket if you wish to see it." "What do you suppose we care for your d - d parole?" was the reply. Two or three pistol shots rang out, and Shirley lay a corpse. Then to the distracted wife of Beaty one of the guerrillas said: "That maft of yours that ran out the back way fell off the fence out yonder and broke his neck; you had better go and see about him." The guerrillas then left.

Beaty had just returned from Chillicothe, whither he and his brother militia officers had gone for safety after being paroled. He intended going back after he had arranged some business. It was he who commanded the scout that caught and killed Peery and Williams, but by all who knew him he was accounted guiltless, of their blood. Both he and Shirley were men ot good character, and their death was greatly deplored - and, it may be said, caused other men, some of them perhaps innocent, to be killed "in retaliation."

Clements passed rapidly through the county, crossed Grand river at the Rock Ford, and went on to Brunswick, where he seized a boat and crossed his entire command in safety. No sooner was his force safely in Saline county than Thornton and his confederates withdrew their forces from him, saying they did not want to be in the company of bushwhackers.*-

The months of November and December were full of tragic episodes and distressing events to the people of Carroll county. The confederate sympathizers were greatly harrassed and many of them left the county. It was painfully evident that a great mistake had been made in engaging in civil war. The people were convinced that the war could have been avoided, and should have been, and this conviction remains to this day. Animosities had been engendered that required years of time and the calm of peace to remove.

was killed in the streets of Lexington, in December, 1867, by a man named Turley, an ex- federal and then a member of Bacon Montgomery's "Tom Fletcher" militia.

the federal authority was ever after maintained. The guerrilla bands had left the country or been broken up. Anderson had been killed; Todd had been killed at the battle of Independence; Dave Pool, Arch. Clements, Thrailkill, Si. Gordon and Holtzclaw had gone to Texas; Fletcher Taylor had his arm shot olf in Platte county. No regular confederates were nearer than Arkansas.

One thing remarkable in the history of the county during the civil war is to be noted. Public business was never entirely suspended. The county court met, the other county officers transacted their business, the circuit courts were held, taxes were collected, and the revenues honestly applied, and the county records preserved intact. These things were done with some difficulty at times, but they were done.

Enlisted Men

Capt. Queen enlisted as a private, was promoted to corporal, orderly sergeant, lieutenant and acting adjutant of the regiment, and in 1864 was elected captain of the company, serving as captain until the company's discharge in the spring of 1865.

Richard Brown, Richard Waters, Captains; W. S. Shirley, 1st Lieut., promoted from the ranks after the battles around Atlanta; Warfield Walter, Sergeant.

Benj. Grigsby and P. Hudson were killed, Leonard Oster and J. W. Anderson wounded and F. Albright and Jas. Murray taken prisoners at Shiloh. John C. Dorsey, died in prison. H. Calvert was discharged at Alton. Dock and Levi Wharton died at Chillicothe. B. Brock and J. W. Standley died. S. C. Caskey died in prison. Hugh Anderson deserted at Festerville, Tennessee.

Wm. Ogle, company F. 23d M. S. M., enlisted 1861, discharged 1864. Taken prisoner at Shiloh and exchanged. Was at battle of Big Shanty McMinville, and Atlanta, Georgia.

Morton M. Pitts, company C, Capt. Mayo, enlisted in 1862, discharged 1864. Was at Newtonia, Springfield, Jefferson City, Boonville and Big Blue.

Jas. G. Jones, company F, 44th Missouri Infantry, enlisted August 1864, discharged August 1865. Was at Franklin and Nashville, Tennessee and at Mobile, Alabama.

N. G. Benson, company L, 7th cavalry Missouri volunteers, enlisted August 10th 1861, discharged 1st December 1864, flag bearer. Was at Prairie Grove, Moro Bottom and Gaines Landing.

B. Hannavan, Sr. company L, 18th Missouri cavalry, enlisted October, 1861, was at Lone Jack, Pea Ridge and captured at Prairie Grove, Arkansas. Discharged 1864.

Berry J. Jones, company F, 44th Missouri volunteer-infantry, enlisted August, 1864, was at Franklin and Nashville, Tennessee and Mobile, Alabama, discharged August loth, 1865.

James L. McWilliams, company L, 49lh Missouri infantry. Col. Pat Dyer's regiment; enlisted August, 1864. Was at Franklin, Tennessee; Mobile, Alabama, where he was wounded in the thigh.

Benj. T. Wells, private in Capt. Henderson's company, state militia; enlisted in 1862. Was at the capture of Carrollton, but made his escape.

Elias Perry, 2d lieutenant of company F, 18th Missouri infantry; enlisted August 20, 1861. Was at Shiloh, Resaca, Ga., and with Sherman on his march to the sea; discharged in June, 1865.

Jacob E. Armitage, 1st lieutenant of company F, 5th Missouri cavalry; enlisted April 13, 1862. Was at Prairie Grove, Jefferson City, Osage, Hartsville, and Springfield; discharged April 13, 1865.

Benj. F. Wheeler, 1st sergeant, company F, 18th Missouri veterans; enlisted in September, 1861. Was wounded at Shiloh, in left arm and twice in right leg below the knee;. Chattanooga, Atlanta, Savannah, and Johnson's surrender.

David Mathis, private, company F, 18th Missouri infantry'; enlisted September 22, .1861. Was wounded at Shiloh slightly; was also at Atlanta; discharged in 1865.

James Leonard, private, company D, Merrill's horse; enlisted in October, 1861; wounded at Helena in the hand; was also at Little Rock, Ark. Died June 1, 1863.

Robert Cary, private, company L, 7th Missouri cavalry; enlisted January 23, 1862. Was taken prisoner at Prairie Grove, and exchanged; was also at Branchville, Princeton, and Little Rock,- Ark.; discharged 3d sergeant, in 1865, at St. Louis.

James H. Storm, private, company K, 6th regiment, Missouri cavalry; enlisted in January, 1862. Was at Springfield, and taken prisoner at Neosho and paroled; discharged in January, 1865.

Arthur Storm, private, company D, 3d Missouri cavalry; enlisted in February, 1862. Was at Springfield and Newtonia, taken prisoner at Neosho, escaped, captured again, and paroled.

1863. Duck River, Eastport, Miss.; Franklin, Tenn.; taken prisoner by Hood, escaped and returned to lines; was at Nashville, Tenn.; Lee's surrender.

Harvey C. Dennison, color-bearer, company H, 44th Missouri infantry ; enlisted in August, 1864;. Was captured at Franklin, Tenn., November 30, 1864, and sent to Andersonville, where he remained until May, 1865.

G. W. Craig, company D, 14th Missouri, Col. White, enlisted Aug., 1861, taken prisoner at Lexington Sept. 18, 1861, and discharged Oct. 1861. ,

Elias Perry, sergeant, Humphrey Perry, Edmund Perry, Milphin Gilbert, Sam'] Fisk, and George Baugh, privates, company Missouri, enlisted 1861 and 1864, and discharged 1865.

Thompson Edwards, private, company D, 35th Missouri infantry, enlisted, 1862, was at Helena, Arkansas, and Lone Jack, Missouri, died at Helena, Arkansas, 1864.

George Deigel, major, 65th regiment, Missouri militia, Gen. Craig, commanding, enlisted, 1862, captured at Carrolltori} Oct., 1864, by Price's men, and paroled, discharged, 1865.

James W. McFall, captain company C. 21st Missouri infantry, enlisted, 1861, was at Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, Mississippi, Vicksburg, Memphis, Tennessee, and Athens and Vassar Hill, Missouri, discharged, 1863.

W. E. Buchanan, first corporal, company F, 23d Missouri infantry, enlisted, Aug. 25, 1861, was at Shiloh, Atlanta, Jonesboro, and Savannah, a prisoner at Tuscaloosa, Alabama, three months, discharged, Dec. 31,

Fred. Miller, private, 12th Wisconsin battery, formerly battery I, 1st Missouri, Lieut. Imnell temporary commander, enlisted Sept., 1862, was at luka, second fight at Corinth, Thompson's Hill, Jackson, Champion Hills, Vicksburg, Mission Ridge, Allatoona, Savannah, Georgia, Columbia, South Carolina, and Bentonville, North Carolina, discharged. May,

Dan R. Brand, private, 12th Wisconsin battery, afterward clerk artillery brigade, 15th army corps, Gen. John A. Logan, commanding, enlisted Sept., 1862, was at luka, second fight at Corinth, Mississippi, Thompson's Hill, Jackson, Champion Hills, siege of Vicksburg, Missionary Ridge, Allatoona, Savannah, Georgia, Columbia, South Carolina, and Bentonville, North Carolina, last fight of the war; discharged May, 1865, at Newbern, North Carolina.

Jos. H. Turner, private, company F, 29th Iowa infantry, enlisted, 1862, promoted to sergeant major and captain, and A. A. A., Gen. Salamon s brigade. Rice's division; was at Vicksburg, Fort Pemberton, Helena, Little Rock, Arkadelphia, Toigon Springs, Little Missouri, Camden, Jenkins Ferry, Mobile, Whistler Station, and the Rio Grande, discharged Aug. 25, 1865.

Thos. J. Whiteihan, private, company B, 130th Illinois volunteer infantry,- enlisted Aug., 1862, served at headquarters of Gen. McClernand, and on staff of Gen. Cameron, was engaged at Port Gibson, Cham-

F. F. Audsley, second lieutenant, company F, 44th Missouri, afterward in company A, enlisted Aug. 21, 1864, was at Franklin, Tennessee, Nashville, and Spanish Fort, Mobile, Alabama.

The company reported at Jefferson City for service, and Gen. Price claiming a truce wjth Col. Harney, Price ordered the company to return home, but to maintain their organization.

In a short time orders were received to report for duty, and the company left for the seat of war.. On their way, Capt. C. M. Morrison resigned the captaincy, and C. E. Blackwell was elected to fill the vacancy.

Lieutenant Hiram Ferrill, while the company was engaged at Wilson's Creek, was wounded in the head and sent to the hospital. The company was also engaged at Carthage, and other important points south.

William Callaway, William Cox, Elsey Creel, D. A. Cunningham, A. J* Dean, Owen Glaze, Isaac Hill, Benton Hill, T. B. Hill, A. J. Lewis, Geo. Newsom, W m. Rippetoe, Wm. Sugg, Jas. Sugg, - Smith, Knott White.

All the above enlisted January 15th 1862. They were engaged at Elk Horn, Ark., Farmington, Tenn., luka, second fight at Corinth, Port Gibson, Grand Gulf, Champion Hill, Black River, Vicksburg, Kennesaw Mountain, New Hope, Chattahoochie River, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Allatoona Mountain, Fort Blakey, Columbia, Nashville and Snake Creek Gap.

Alphonso Fuller, captain. Company A, 7th Missouri, General Slack, enlisted May 16, 1861. Was at Pittsburg Landing, Helena, Lexington, and Centreville.

William A. Lane, private, Captain C. B. Morris, enlisted in May, 1861. Was at Carthage, Wilson's'Creek and Lexington; discharged October, 1861.

C. Casner, private. Company E, Colonel Hughes, Slack commanding, enlisted 1861. Was at Lexington, Westport, Blue Springs, and captured at Blackwater; discharged 1865.

Peter C. Wilson, private, enlisted in slate guard and after with Shelby and Gordon's command. Was at Carthage, Lone Jack, Newtonia, Cane Hill, Elkhorn, and wounded at Wilson's Creek in left elbow.

Joseph Oatman, private, company E, M. S. G., enlisted September, 1861. Was at Blue Mill Landing, Hartsville, Arkansas, captured at Lexington, paroled, and discharged 1865.

George W. Brooker, private, company H, Goodwin's regiment, afterward in company I, enlisted in 1863. Was at Lexington, Independence, Westport, and Newtonia.

May W. Burton, 1st lieutenant, company A, 10th Missouri volunteers, enlisted in August, 1861. Was at Drywood, Lexington, Pea Ridge, Prairie Grove, and captured at Helena, and held two years at Alton, Johnson's Island, and Fort Delaware; discharged in June, 1865.

Henry L. Wheeler, private, company C, 5th Missoiu-i infantry, enlisted January 31, 1862. Was at Lexington, Elk Horn, luka, first and second fights at Corinth, Magnolia Grove, Big Black Bridge, Champion Hills, Vicksburg, Atlanta, and Mobile; captured at the second fight of Corinth, held thirty days, recaptured at Vicksbug and paroled at the end of seven months.

William B. Traughber, private company C, 9th Missouri infantry enlisted July 31, 1862. Was at Cyprus Bend and Gaines Landing; captured and held five months,. and exchanged at Vicksburg.

Burvadus C. Woods, private, company E, Williams' regiment, enlisted in 1863. Was at Lexington, Little Blue, Big Blue, Westport, and Newtonia; discharged in 1865.

James H. Berry, private, company C, Capt. Leftwich, enlisted 1861. Was at Carthage, Wilson's Creek, Fort Scott, and Lexingtdh; discharged at Osceola in 1862.

Robert Lane, private, Gen. Slack's command, enlisted in May, 1861. Was at Springfield, Carthage, Lexington, and taken prisoner at Blackwater.

Benj. Humphries, private, company B, Brig. Gen. Price, commander, enlisted 1861, was at Lexington, Westport, and captured at Blackwater and sent to McDowell's College, St. Louis.

John W. Vaughn, private, afterward surgeon of Cockerel's regiment, enlisted, 1861, taken at Pea Ridge and escaped, afterward taken at Vicksburg and exchanged, paroled at close of the war.

Stephen K. Hancock, sergeant of ordnance stores, company G, 9th, Missouri infantry, enlisted, December 17, 1861, captured at Blackwater December 19, 1861, was at Mansfield, La. and Pleasant, La., Jenkins' Ferry, Ark., paroled, July 5, 1865.

Wm. M. Darr, private, company B, Col. J. T. Hughes, was at Carthage, Wilson's Creek* and Lexington, enlisted, June, 1861, discharged, November, 1861.

O. S. Russell, corporal, company B, 1st Missouri brigade, Slack's command, enlisted, 1861, was at Carthage, Wilson's Creek, Drywood and Lexington, discharged at Osceola, 186 -

Clay Thomas, private, company B, 4th division, enlisted, 1861, was at Carthage, Wilson's Creek, Drywood and Lexington, wounded at the latter place and sent home.

John Walden, private. Col. Pritchard's regiment, enlisted, 1862, was at Carthage, Wilson's Creek, Lexington, captured at Blackwater, paroled and returned home.

Richard Dunkle, private, company H, Letsworth's company, Shelby's regiment, enlisted, 1862, was in all Shelby's fights, wounded at burning of bridge near St. Louis and died.

Geo. W. Deatherage, 8th corporal, Capt. Merrick's company, Shelby's command, enlisted, 1863, was at Osage, Big Blue, Newtonia, Fort Lincoln, and Lexington.

A failure to secure a complete and thorough record of the military history of the county is no fault of ours. Every effort that was possible was made to this end, and every resource adopted to make it full. Not satisfied with the many matters of interest in connection with the war that we gathered here, we were determined to exhaust every clue, and to this end we applied repeatedly by letter to Adj. Gen. Wooddell for information that could not be had elsewhere. From some unaccountable cause, whether from carelessness or ignorance, indifference or want of accommodation, he not only failed to give us the desired knowledge, but failed to treat our request with the ordinary courtesy due from one gentleman to another.

The incomplete military history of the county, a matter of gr^''^ importance, is therefore due, not to the company who have written up this history, but to those who, in authority, with the records among the archives of the state, to which they have access at any time, failed to

Many facts and 'figures could have been gleaned from the records in the City of Jefferson that would have aided very materially in perfecting this history, and been a source of deep interest to the people - facts that are indispensable in reconciling differences, etc., and making a chain that connects the various circumstances and dates in one single and unbroken thread.

Newspapers, being the moulders of public opinion, should have a chapter devoted, to them especially, and everything in connection with the starting or the suspension of a newspaper should be of vital interest to every resident of the county. A newspaper is of itself a history of things past, and as events transpire, they are chronicled by the faithful editor and historian, and are, from that moment, past and present of the local history of the community. This being the case, it is of importance that the chronicler of events that make history should be a part of that history. Hence to them exclusively, is devoted this chapter of the history of the county wherein themselves become part.

Cottage Visitor

The first paper issued in Carroll county, was at Carrollton, by Messrs. Hendley & Guinn, in 1856, and was published about one year. Hendley having got the whole in his control, sold to Adolphus Musser. The Visitor was non-partisain politically, and devoted exclusively to local affairs.

Carrollton Democrat

Adolphus Musser having bought the old Cottage Visitor^ in 1857, changed the name of the paper to the Carrollton Democrat^ and continued It under that name as a democratic paper, having received a bonus for establishing it as a political paper. It passed into different hands under the samername. In 1863, it again changed hands, passing into possession of 0. J. Kerby, who continued its publication until 1874, under the name of the Carroll journal. Passing out of the control of Mr. Kerby, in 1874, its name was changed to the Carrollton yournal^ which it still retains, under its present owner and proprietor, Mr.j. J. Farley.

Carroll Record

The Record was first issued on the 12th day of January, 1868, by Turner & Clark. It is the first and only republican paper ever issued in the county. Twice it was wholly destroyed by fire, and barely escaped a third time from being consumed. In 1869, it passed by purchase into the hands of Dan. R. Brand, who, in the following April, sold to Capt.

M. T. C. Williams. During the year Capt. Williams sold out to Jos. H. Turner, the original founder, who associated with him John Brand, and together they conducted the paper until January, 1878, when it was destroyed by fire. In August following, Capt. Turner secured by purchase the whole interest of the concern and has been editor and proprietor ever since.

Missouri Valley Yeoman

The Yeoman was started at DeWitt, sometime during the year 1868, by Hawkins & Hunter. It was neutral in politics and survived only about one year. Its suspension was no fault of the patrons of the paper, and had it been managed properly, would have been a fixture of DeWitt. I.

N. Hawkins was a practical printer and the best editor Carroll county ever had. Hunter was also a practical printer, a thoroughly well-read gentleman, and a nephew of Caleb Cushing, of Mass.

The Democrat was founded by Alf. S. Kierolf in the spring of 1875 and remained under his control until the fall of that year. Some misunderstanding having occurred between Kierolf and I. N. Hawkins, in the office of the Democrat^ Kierolf shot and killed Hawkins. Kierolf was prostrated with heart disease over the matter, and died soon after Hawkins. The paper then came into possession of J. N. Tuley, present owner, who associated with him as editor J. B. Jewell, and it has been conducted under the name of Tuley & Jewell ever since.

Triple Link

In connection with the Carrollton Democrat^ Messrs. Tuley & Jewell issue, semi-monthly, an Odd Fellows' journal called the Trifle Link. It is the only^ Odd Fellows' journal in the state, and is well liked by' the fraternity.

Norborne Independent

The Independent was founded by Col. Jacob Childs, of Richmond, Ray county, Missouri, a veteran newspaper man, sometime during the summer of 1865. It is conducted on the independent basis, politically, and is well patronized by the community in which it is located. Col. Childs sold hi? interest to Thos. Irish, who in turn sold out his interest to A. E. McCoubrie, who conducted it with ability for over two years. McCoubrie's health failing, he sold to J. T. Craig, present owner and proprietor, by whom it is now conducted.

Weekly News

success is concerned financially. Should it prove a failure it will not be for want of patronage, as no part of the county, in proportion to its population, is more liberal in encouraging projects of this kind. ,The News . is independent, politically, and if run in the local interest of the community in which it is published, it will not only prove a success, but be a public benefactor.

Prominent Criminal Cases

To give a history in detail of^ the cases of murder committed in Carroll county since its organization would fill a volume of itself larger than this. A synopsis of the most infamous of the many infamous, cold-blooded murders that have taken place in late years in this county, is as much a part of the history^ as its early settlements and improvements, and we propose to refer briefly to such of these as created the most intense excitement and interest at the time of their commission.

Geo. W. Thomas

In 1846, Jack Harmon shot Geo. W. Thomas with a rifle. Harmon met Thomas and said, "What were you doing on my doorstep last night?" at the same time raising his rifle and fired. Thomas lived about twelve hours. The excitement over the murder ran high. At first, no motive being found for the killing, it was presumed that Harmon was insane. When the trial came on, owing to the excitement that was manifest, Harmon's lawyers asked a change of venue and got it. The case was taken to the Ray county court, Harmon was found guilty, and received a life sentence to state's prison, where he died a short time afterward. This W2S perhaps the first murder committed in the county after its organization.