Johnson County, Missouri - - Biographical, 1918 (part 6 of 19)

Wyatt H. Hammond enlisted in the Confederate service in 1861 and served under various commander.';. He remained in the service until the close of tlie war and took ])art in many engagements (hiring the course of iiis military career. He was discharged from the service at Shreveport, Louisiana. He was once wounded in the riglit arm. hut was never taken prisoner. Among tlic hard-fought battles, in which he took an active part, were: Jenkins Ferry. Louisiana; Pleasant Hill; and Helena. At the battle of Helena. Arkansas, he was hut a short distance from his brother when he was killed during the heat of the engagement. After the war ended, he returned home and settled on one hundred twenty acres of land which he proceeded to develop and create into a fine farming property and then later moved to the Murray place, which served as his home until 1896. He came to Holden in that year and established the mule buying business, whicli now l^ears his name, which business has made him widely and favoral:)ly known throughout this section of Missouri. The business is conducted under the firm name of Hammond & Son, the father being assisted by his son, A. J. Hammond.

i\Ir. Hammond was married in 1866 to Penelope .\. Murray, now an invalid, a daughter of David J. Murray, who was killed while in the Confederate service. Her mother was Mary Evelyn (Bradley) Murray. Mr. and Mrs. Hammond have three children, namely: May. wife of J. B. McDonald. Independence, ^Missouri; Lizzie, a public school teacher, who resides with her parents; A. ].. who makes his home with his father and is associated with him in the mule business.

Mr. Hammond is a member of the Presbyterian cliurch and contributes of his means to religious and all worthy enterprises. During his long residence in Johnson county, he lias always been prominently identified with the Democratic party and is recognized as one of the "wheel-horses" of his party. He has ever taken a keen and influential interest in the activities of the same and has assisted materially in its successes. He has filled tlie important post of chairman of the Democratic central committee. Mr. Hammond has ever been ready to assist a friend who is seeking political preferment. The city of Holden and Johnson county consider this sturdy, old pioneer as a most valued and

Isaac Kauffman, of VVarrensburg, Missouri, is a citizen of Johnson county who is universally respected and esteemed. He was born in 1842 in Stark county, Ohio, the son of Abraham and Anna (Leib) Kauffman, the former a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. Abraham and Anna Kauffman were the parents of the following children : Anna, married Daniel Harley, of Indiana, and is now deceased ; Henry, who died in early boyhood ; two children died in infancy ; Isaac, the subject of this review; Mrs. Elizabeth Longenecker, Otsego, Michigan; .\ndrew, who enlisted in the Civil War in the Nineteenth Ohio Infantry and died in a hospital at Evansville. Indiana, and was buried in Ohio; Mrs. Mary Kamerer, who resides in Starke county, Ohio; Jacob, who was drowned at the age of eighteen years; Mrs. Sarah Witsaman, who died in Michigan: and Mrs. Ellen Eox, who resides in Branch county, Michigan. Mr. Fox is a member of the state Legislature of Michigan. Both the father and mother died in Starke county, Ohio.

Isaac Kauffman was born March 2, 1842 and was reared in Starke county, Ohio. He attended the district schools of Starke county and later worked at making shoes to earn money to attend Greensburg Seminary in Summit county. At the age of eighteen years he had learned the shoemaker's trade, working nights when the only lights were tallow candles. For his first two years of work he received thirty dollars in money. In those days the shoemaker made the shoes as well as repaired them. After leaving the seminary, Mr. Kauffman taught school two terms, one term at Lhiiontown, Ohio, and then for about sixteen years followed his trade of shoemaker. In 1866 Mr. Kauffman became interested in the mercantile business in Hartville. Ohio, conducting a store at that place for a short time. From Hart\'ille he mo\'ed to Randolph, Ohio, in Portage county and from there came to W'arrensburg, Missouri, in the fall of the year 1868.

For five years after coming to \Varrensl)urg. Isaac Kauffman worked at his trade of shoemaker in the employ of Mr. Heberling. tiie veteran shoemaker of W'arrensburg. \\'liilc he was working for Mr. Heberling, Mr. Kauffman spent the early mornings and late evenings caring for a small garden. Later, lie was a member of the firm. Smith, Scott & Kauffman, afterward Smith & Kauffman. He was employed in the grocery store of both Stewart & Redford and Kelly & Robinson and engaged in the real estate business with Ray Hill. Air. Kautinian was appointed administrator of his father-in-law's estate upon his demise and in 1890 he left the store in order to settle this estate. Before the estate was settled it became necessary for Mr. Kauffman to return to Ohio in order to care for his aged father and he remained in Ohio nearly six years, until August, 1896. He has settled a number of estates as administrator or executor. The Kauttmans resided near Canton, Ohio, the home of President McKinley, and were personally acquainted with the president. Isaac Kauffman returned to Warrensburg in 1896 and since that time has resided on the small tract of land he purchased in January. 1869, from W. K. .Morrow. 'I'iiis land comprises one and one-fourth acres, which for eight years after he bought it lay outside the city limits, but are now witliin the corporation at 422 South Holden street.

In April. 1866. Isaac Kauffman was united in marriage witii Lucy A. Brown in Canton, Ohio. Lucy A. ( Brown I Kauft'man was born in January, 1837, in Stark county. Ohio. To Air. and Airs. Kauiifman was born one child: Octavia A., who is the wife of Richard Al. Robertson, a prominent and an able attorney of Warrensliurg, Missouri.

Air. Kauffman has always been a great lover of music, probably inheriting his keen rhythmic sense from his father, Abraham Kauft'man, who was a gifted musician and a writer of manuscript music. Isaac Kauffman has in his possession a volume of music written by his father. The work shows that the elder Kauff'man was an artist in the preparation of his music manuscript as well as a skilled musician. There are several pieces in this \oIume which is carefully bound, neatly written and in an excellent state of preservation. Air. Kauffman lias taught vocal music and at one time was the director of music at the Warrensburg Alethodist Episcopal church. For many years he was the unly male meml)er of the music conmiittee of that church and is now. Before coming to Al^issouri. he was a member of a band in Oliio and after coming to AVarrensburg became a meml:)er of the band here. He relates an amusing incident, which occurred when he was a member of the Warrensljurg band. When Francis Al. Cockrell was elected United States Senator the first time. \\'arrensburg gave liim a rousing reception at Empire Hall, to which place he was escorted by his home town band. Colonel Elliott introduced the new senator and Senator Cockrell responded in a memorable speech. When returning from the residence of Mr. Cockrell, where the band had escorted the senator, Mr. Kauffman, who played the bass horn in the band, opposite the Methodist church, stepped accidentally upon a loose board in the old wooden sidewalk and the opposite end of the board flew up, tripping Lon West and causing him to fall forward several paces, his instrument going several feet in advance of him. Mr. West was an adept at swearing with whom few could compete and none equal, and Mr. KaufTman states that he outdid himself that e\'ening as he gathered himself together and began to search for his horn.

When Mr. Kauffman came to Warrensburg, November 19, 186S, he brought with him a box of one hundred trees, which were mostly apple trees, l3ut there was one of them an Austrian pine. He planted tliis evergreen tree, then about two feet higli, in the front yard of his home and it is now one of the most beautiful trees in Warrensburg and the prettiest on his place. The original orchard of forty-four trees is now dead. Isaac Kauffman was owner of the first registered Poland China hog in Johnson county. He registered this hog as "King of Johnson" and for a number of years was engaged in raising and shipping pedigreed hogs to various parts of this state and other states. Mr. Kauffman received a number of prizes and premiums on the hogs he exhibited at the Johnson County Fair, held at Holden, Missouri.

Mr. Kauffman is a valued and highly regarded member of the Warrensburg Methodist Episcopal church, of which he has been treasurer for nearly sixteen years and a member for more than thirty-five years. Mrs. Kauffman died in October, 1903, and he is now living alone on his place on South Holden street. Mr. Kauffman's place now comprises two and a half acres and there Mr. Kauffman is quietly spending his days, enjoying the shade of the trees he planted, working in his garden, and making friends with the birds, that have no dif^culty in learning to know and love him. His little farm is now a part of the city of Warrensburg, Init in the summer the shady retreats suggest the quiet of the country.

J. W. Greenwood, justice of the peace and police judge of Holden, Missouri, is a native of Kentucky. He was liorn in Perry\-ille, that state, December 18. 1844. He was a son of .Armstead and F.lizalieth (Boiling) Greenwood. l)oth of whom were liorn and reared in Kentucky and came of Virginia pioneer stock. Armstead Greenwood was a son of John Greenwood, a native of Culpepper county. Virginia, who served as a captain in the Revohitionary War. RHzai)etli (BolHng) Greenwood, mother of the subject of this review, was a daughter of Dred Boiling, who fought in the War of 1812 and held the rank of major. She was born in Kentucky in 1792 and was a cousin of Mrs. Woodrow Wilson's father. The Greenwood family is of English extraction and was founded in this country by John Greenwood, a native of England who settled in \'irginia during the era of history prior to the Revolutionary War. He was a stanch opponent of monarchical government and favored the independence of the American colonies during his entire life and was outspoken in his convictions.

A. Greenwood, father of J. \\'. Greenwood, spent his entire life in Kentucky and died there in 1S96. at the adwinced age of eightvnine years, in the city of Louisville and in that citv his remains were interred. J. W. Greenwood is one of three children who were reared to maturity by his parents. The others were: James, who entered the Confederate service shortly after the beginning of the Civil War, prior to which time he had entered government land in Kansas near Fort Scott and during the border days and internal troubles in Kansas was driven out with other Southern sympathizers and returned to \\'arrensburg, Missouri, and in this city he enlisted and served in General Cockrell's brigade and was killed during the battle of Fort Gibson. Mississippi; and Eleanor, who is now deceased.

J. W. Greenwood received his education at Danville. Kentucky. When the Civil War began, he enlisted in Company .\. Third Kentucky Infantry, in the "Army of the Cumberland." He saw much active service in Kentuckj'. Tennessee, and Alabama and fought at the battles of Stone River. Shiloh, and Mill Springs. He was once injured by being struck in the left leg by a spent Iiall. He was discharged from the ser^-ice at Louis\ille. Kentucky at the close of the conflict. He then returned home and resided in Lincoln county. I\entucky until 1882 when he came to Holden. Missouri and for a number of \ears was engaged in the mercantile business. He event>iall\- disposed of his business interests and in 1896 was elected justice of the peace and is now serving his sixth term in this official position. At several different times, he has served as police judge. Judge Greenwood has also served as assessor and had charge of the city's finances for several years while the town was governed under the old city charter.

Judge Greenwood was married in 1865 to Miss Mattie Cooper of Lincoln county, Kentucky and to this union liave been born twelve children, seven of whom are living, namely: J. C Dumont. Texas; Ella H., Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; James A., Bolivia, Missouri; Charles H., Holden, Missouri; Ernest, of Oklahoma; Percy, Holden, Missouri; and Mattie, wife of Fred Craft, an artist of Kansas City.

Judge Greenwood has always been allied with the Republican party and stands high in the councils of the same. He is a member of the Presbyterian church and has tried to live according to the precepts of his religion. His long life has been a useful one, devoted in great part to the service of his fellowmen. He is recognized as one of the leading and best respected citizens of Holden and Johnson county. Mr. and Mrs. Greenwood have many warm and steadfast friends.

J. W. Adams, proprietor and founder of the Adams Poultry and Egg Company, of Holden, Missouri, was born in Owingsville, Bath county, Kentucky, July 19, 1864. a son of Hiram and Elizabeth (Markland) Adams, both of whom were natives of Kentucky. The Adams family, of which J. W. Adams is a worthy and capable descendant, is one of the oldest and most prominent in America and traces its origin to the same progenitors who produced the two great presidents, John Adams and John Quincy Adams. The founders of the family in America came from Scotland.

Hiram Adams migrated with his family from Kentucky to Pilot Grove, Missouri, Cooper county, in 1868. In this county both parents spent the remainder of their lives and died at Bunceton, Missouri. Both parents are interred in the Masonic cemetery at that place. They were the parents of five children, as follow: J. W., with whom this review is directly concerned; Lillian, who is associated with her brother in the poultry and egg business; J. M., who is also assisting his brother in conducting the business at Holden; Effie M., who is another very capable assistant in the management of this very extensive concern; and Joseph G., now residing in California, a veteran of tlie Spanish American War. who served several years in the regular army of the United States.

J. W. Adams was reared and educated in Cooper county, Missouri and taught school for several years prior to locating in Johnson county. Every member of the Adams family has taught school, forming onesixteenth part of the entire teaching force of eighty teachers in Cooper

Seventeen years ago, in 1901. J. W. Adams came lo Ilolden, Missouri. During that period, he has made one of the most conspicuous business successes in the West. He began in the poultry and egg I)usiness on salary, but in 1909 he engaged in business for himself on an ordinary scale. For a period of twenty-three months he was in partnership with another man, and the firm was doing a business of about fifty thousand dollars annually. Since that time, the Adams establishment has made wonderful strides and its growth has been phenomenal. The concern handles poultry, butter, and eggs in carload and traininad lots, and the products are shipped to Chicago and New York. mainK. The produce is purchased from the local trade, and through branch houses at Paola and Harrisonville, the Paola branch having been established in 1915 and the Harrisonville branch being placed in operation in 1913, with local managers at each point. I. S. Oliver has charge of the Harrisonville business and Lysle Snow is in charge at Paola. This large establishment operates extensively in eastern Kansas and this section of Missouri. The goods are shipped in carload lots to Chicago and New York accompanied by a capable caretaker who goes with the shipment to its destination. Some idea of the magnitude of the Adams business can be obtained by the following figures:

From March 1, 1916 to March 1, 1917 there were shipped by this concern one million four hundred forty-four thousand five hundred forty-five pounds of poultry; one million two hundred eighty-si.x thousand one hundred and ninety dozen of eggs ; and fifty-one thousand seven hundred sixty-two pounds of country butter; and twenty-four thousand six hundred and one pounds of green hides. The total amount paid for produce during that period was six hundred three thousand two hundred forty-five dollars and seventy cents. The payroll during the year amounted to twenty-five thousand forty-eight dollars and fortythree cents, for an average of seventy people employed in every department of the business. The feed bill for the poultry alone amounted to over fourteen thousand dollars. The Adams concern is unquestionably the largest of its kind in Johnson county and one of the largest and most successful in this section of Missouri. The packing houses and offices of the company in Johnson county are located on the corner of Main and McKisson streets convenient to the Missouri Pacific and

Mr. Adams was married July 15, 1903 to Miss Pearl Oliver, of Greencastle, Indiana, who was reared and educated in Warrensburg, Missouri. Three children have been born to J. W. and Pearl Adams, namely: Hiram M., William P., and Katherine Elizabeth.

:Mr. Adams activities during his residence in Holden have not been exclusively confined to the development of his own business but he has taken a keen and influential interest in organizing and developing public utilities which have been of decided benefit to his home city. He organized and placed in operation the Holden Ice and Fuel Company and is now president of the company. His primary object in the organization of this industry, was to enable him to get refrigeration for his own plant and he succeeded in raising the necessary capital for the building of the former plant in three weeks, and it has grown to be an important local enterprise, which benefits the entire city. Mr. Adams is also vice-president of the Home Telephone Company.

Mr. Adams is affiliated fraternally with the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. While residing in Cooper county, he served as clerk of the House of Representatives under Joseph Tall, at that time chief clerk of the House. In 1899, he was chief clerk of the Senate Journal. The success of the Adams Poultry and Egg Company is a striking illustration of what can be accomplished by an individual who has the power and initiative to develop a business to its greatest capacity. The history of this important industry is a history of the man himself. Its success is the direct outcome of the injection into it of the energy and virility of its creator whose ambition has known no bounds and who possesses an inherent ability to do things on a broad and ever-widening scale.

L. C. Merritt, of the L. C. & A. Merritt Furniture Company of Holden, Missouri, is one of the well-known and leading merchants of Johnson county. Mr. Merritt is a native of Indiana and the only child born to his parents, William C. and Sarah fCullum) Merritt, of Lafayette. Indiana. He was born in 1852 in Lafayette, an old, historical place, the scene of the famous defeat of the renowned Indian chief, Tecumseh, by William Henry Harrison in 1811, and a college town since 1874, when Purdue University was opened there. William C. Merritt was born in Pennsylvania. His parents lioth died when he was a little child and the orphan boy was reared in Cincinnati, OlTio, Ijy a neiglibor, a well-to-do shipowner who operated a line of steamboats. The elder Merritt learned the brickmason's trade and in later years became a very successful contractor. In early manhood, he moved from Ohio to Indiana and settled in Lafayette. Jane (Cullum) Merritt was a daughter of Harvey Cullum, a prominent pioneer of Cincinnati, Ohio. The Cnllums moved from Ohio to Indiana in 1829 and settled on a farm in Tippecanoe county near Lafayette. The first year they failed to raise any crops and were obliged to rely upon the uncertain friendliness of the treacherous Indians of the vicinity to obtain food. William C. Merritt and Jane Cullum were united in marriage and to tlieni was born one child, a son, L. C. the subject of this review. The father spent his mature life in Lafayette, Indiana. His death occurred in 1874. in the s;ime vear that Purdue L'niversity was founded at Lafayette.

In the public schools of Lafayette, Indiana. L. C. Merritt obtained his preliminary education. Early in life, Mr. Merritt received a most thorough course in business training in actual work in a mercantile establishment in Lafayette. Septeml)er 15, 1900, he came from Lafayette to Holden, Missouri, and entered at once tiie furniture business in this city engaged in business with Ste])hen Ball, a former Lafayette man, who had opened liis furniture establisliment at Holflen in 1882. Mr. Rail was Ijorn and reared on a farm in Tippecanoe county, Indiana, and when a young man learned the work of a telegraph operator and was employed in that capacity at Fort Scott, Kansas, for several years prior to his coming to Holden. Missouri. L. C. Merritt and Stephen Ball were associated in business until 1903, when upon the death of Mr. Ball the business was left to Mr. and Mrs. Merritt. The firm was the first in the furniture business to be established in Holden. Recently. Mr. Merritt has renewed and increased the sjilendid line of stock carried b\- the company and in addition to furniture tliey are fully ef|uipped with -a complete stock of supplies needed in the undertaker's work.

October 17, 1880, L. C. Merritt an<l .Mice McXeal, of Lafayette, Indiana, were united in marriage. To this union has been born one child, a daughter, Mrs. Myrtle Eldredge, who resides on a farm located one and a half miles west of Holden, Missouri. Mr. Merritt's mother came with Mr. and Mrs. Merritt to Holden in 1900 and. in June of the following year, her death occurred here. Mrs. "William C. Merritt's remains were taken back to Indiana for bm-ial and she was laid to rest beside her husband in the burial ground at Lafayette.

Politically, Mr. Merritt has always been a stanch Republican. For many years, he has been a member of the Odd Fellows, with which lodge he altliated at Lafayette. Mr. Merritt is also a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. He is widely known and highly respected in the business circles of this part of Missouri and during their residence of seventeen years in Holden both he and Mrs. Merritt have made a host of friends, not solely in their immediate community but in all Johnson county.

Frank Behm, a prominent farmer and stockman of Chilhowee township, is the owner of one of the beautiful country places in this section of Missouri. He is a native of Illinois, born in Chicago in 1858, a son of Henry and Lena Behm. Henry Behm was a skilled cabinet maker and for twenty-one years followed his trade in the city of Chicago. In 1870, he moved with his family to Nebraska, where he homesteaded one hundred sixty acres. Here the Behm family endured countless hardships and misfortunes. During the grasshopper visitation, 1874 and 1875, their entire crops were destroyed and the Behms were left in destitute circumstances. They wore tow sacks for clothing and the father made wooden shoes for each member of the family. Supplies could be obtained at a place thirty-six miles distant from their dugout, provided, of course, that one had the money, for no one sold on credit. The family, in consequence, really suffered from lack of food many, many tiines in the new Western home. The father and mother died there and later, their son, Frank, left Nebraska and moved to Iowa, where he engaged in farming for twenty-eight years.

. In 1881, Frank Behm and Phoebe Schwertley, a native of Harrison county, Iowa, born in 1860. and a daughter of Fred and Mrs. Schwertley, of Iowa, were united in marriage. To this union have been born eleven children; Fred, Modale, Iowa; Clara, at home, Denton, Missouri; Henry, Modale, Iowa; Louis, Los Angeles, California; Frank, Jr., Modale, Iowa; Leo. at home; Frances, at home; Salome, the wife of Mr. Laudbender, Glencoe, Iowa; Paul, John B., and Marie, at home with their parents at Denton. Tiiree of the Behm boys are engaged in farming in Harrison county, Iowa, on their father's farm of five hundred sixty acres.

prises six hundred forty acres of land, well watered, splendidly equipped for handling a large number of stock, and conveniently located. Four hundred acres of the Behm farm are in grass and pasture land and last season Mr. Behm had forty acres in oats and forty acres in wheat. He annually harvests about one hundred titty tons of hay. Mr. Behm is not a graduate of a school of agriculture, but he has learned much in the hard school of experience and there is no more capable, intelligent, progressive farmer in this state than he. He is a strong advocate of crop rotation and of the manure spreader. At the present time, Air. Behm has one hundred fifty head of Red Polled cattle and the same number of Duroc Jersey hogs. He was milking thirteen cows at the time of this writing, in 1917. In 1911, Mr. Behm built a handsome residence, a structure of nine rooms, which is generally considered to be the finest home in Johnson county. It is well constructed, conveniently arranged, and nicely lighted. The owner said, at the time the residence was in the process of construction, that after spending nine years of his life in a dugout in Nebraska, he l)elieved he deserved a "real, sureenough house" in which to live, and it is the concensus of opinion that for many other reasons Mr. Behm richly deserves his beautiful home.

Mr. and Mrs. Frank Behm are worthy and consistent members of the Catholic church. Politically, Mr. Behm is affiliated with the Democratic party. The Behms are numbered among Johnson county's most substantial citizens.

D. B. Swift, the widely-known and popular proprietor of the Talmage Hotel at Holden, Missouri, is one of the county's most successful and influential citizens. Mr. Swift is a native of Ohio, but for more than fifty years has been a resident of Missouri so that he seems to be one of this state's native sons. He was born in February, 1858, in Cleveland, Ohio, a son of Dr. and Mrs. S. P. Swift. When he was a child, seven years of age, he came with his parents to Missouri and they settled in Shelbina, Shelby county, in December, 1865. Dr. S. P. Swift was a well-trained and skilled physician and in Cleveland, the metropolis of northern Ohio, he was one of the leading practitioners, a prominent lecturer in the Cleveland Homeopathic College. To Dr. S. P. Swift and Mrs. Swift were born three children: D. B., the subject of this review: Flora, deceased: and Byron L., Shelbina, Missouri. Dr. Swift continued in the practice of his profession at Shelbina. He was a man of exceptional ability and intellectual powers and for eleven years, from 1898 until his death in 1909, was in charge of the Hospital for the Insane of northeastern Missouri. The mother died at Shelbina in 1886 and twenty-three years later the doctor joined her in death, April 27. 1909.

At the early age of sixteen years, D. B. Swift left school and began life for himself. His first vocation was that of teaching music and dancing. After his marriage in 1876, Mr. Swift located on the farm, one mile north of Shelbina, which is known as the "Oakland Stock Farm." and became interested in breeding and raising standard-bred trotting horses, pure-bred White Durham cattle, and I. O. C. Chester White hogs. Within a very short time, Mr. Swift's interest in standardbred trotters developed into an enthusiasm for breeding fine roadsters and speed horses and for thirty years he was closely and prominently allied with the world of horsemen, owners of high-class racing animals. Among the best of the horses from the Swift stables were: "Spirah S," pacer, 2.\2yi, by "Almont Wilkes" son, "Aspirant," 2.18, and "Dollie S.", 2.26, by "Bay Wilkes"; "Lou S.", trotter, 2.I314, by "Rene Russell," 2.20J4, and "Dollie S.", daughter of "Bay Wilkes," 2.26; "Tommy S.", pacer, 2.06J4, by "Electrotype" and "Salina Medium," daughter of "Great Happy Medium," the best and most renowned dam of the Mediums and the son, "Tommy S.", the colt holding the record for the greatest speed; and "Rena S.", 2.12J4, by "Rene Russell" and "Ona S.", dam of "Lord Brilliant," the highest priced horse ever bred in Missouri, valued at seventy thousand dollars, an international show horse. These and several other splendid animals bred by Mr. Swift have gained local fame and some of them a national reputation. "Tommy S." was sold by Mr. Swift for five thousand dollars and he was a bargain at that.

In 1913, D. B. Swift left Shelbina and moved to Garden City, Missouri. He there entered the hotel business and for two years and three months conducted the Commercial Hotel of that city. Mr. Swift then came to Holden and purchased the Talmage Hotel, of which he is still proprietor, at the time of this writing. In addition to the work of managing this hotel, he is the overseer of a large wheat farm in Oklahoma. His daughter, an only child, Mrs. D. E. Smock, is associated in the hotel business with her father. The Talmage Hotel is one of the best and most capably managed of the small hotels in Missouri.

Shelbina. Missouri, and to this union was born one child, Mrs. D. E. Smock, of whom mention has been made. Mrs. Smock is the mother of one child, a daughter, Luella. Mr. Swift is a member of the Knights of Pythias. Politically, he is independent. Much like his father before him. Mr. Swift is distinctively one of the leading men of his county, a man of versatile abilities, who has "made good" at everything he has undertaken, whether it be teaching, farming, stock raising, horse racing, or hotel keeping, a citizen of more than local repute. The Swift name has long been synonymous with all that constitutes rectitude and honor and today no man in this part of the state of Missouri can boast more or stronger ties of close personal friendship than D. B. Swift.

Joseph M. Miller, a prominent citizen of Madison township, is one of Johnson county's most valued and public-spirited men. He was born September 29, 1855. in Macon county. Missouri, a son of John D. Miller, who was a native of Kentucky and one of the earlv settlers of Missouri. John D. Miller was born August 6. 182(S. in Cumberland county. Kentucky, son of Hezekiah Miller, a native of Virginia. The paternal greatgrandfather was a native Englishman and he emigrated from Great Britain in his youth and came to Virginia among the early colonists. Later, he moved to Kentucky, probably about 1800, with his family and in that state spent the remainder of his life. Hezekiah Miller, grandfather of Joseph M. Miller, the subject of this review, was a young man when he moved with his parents from Virginia to Kentucky, and he remained in that state until sometime early in 1840. when he came with his wife and children to Missouri and settled on a farm located northeast of Huntsville in Randolph county. On this place, he and Mrs. Miller lived the remainder of their lives. Their son. John D.. left Macon county, where he had located first after leaving the homestead in Randolph county, and moved with his family to Putnam county. Missouri, and thence to Colorado, in the year which marked the close of the Civil \\'ar. 1865, and two years later came to Johnson county, locating on a farm near Pittsville, where he resided until 1883. He moved then to Holden and in this city spent the close of his life in quiet retirement. To Mr. and Mrs. John D. Miller were born the following children: Joseph M.. the subject of this review: S. P., a well-known dentist of Macon, Missouri : Dr. ^A". H., a leading physician of Alacon, Missouri: Mrs. Mary Martin, who resides in Oklahoma: Mrs. Julia Whitsett, wife of Archie Whitsett, Holden. ^Missouri ; and John, who is postmaster at Boulder, Colorado. John D. Miller was one of the substantial farmers of his township and well merited the reputation he bore of a good man and enterprising citizen. He died in December, 1907. Mrs. Miller died in March, 1897. The wife of John D. Miller was Margaret Ann Scrutchfield, born in Macon county, Missouri, a daughter of Samuel Scrutchfield, an early Missouri pioneer.

In the public schools of Johnson county, Missouri, Joseph M. Miller obtained a good education. He entered the teaching profession and taught school for several terms in the meantime attended the Warrensburg State Normal School, after which he continued to teach school in addition to farming near Pittsville, Missouri. At the age of twenty-one years, Mr. Miller began to be self-supporting. September 17, 1915, he came to Holden, Missouri, and is now residing in a handsome, modern country home located a short distance from this city.

In 1879, Joseph M. Miller and Laura Alice Lundy, daughter of Hezekiah Lundy, one of the well-known, early pioneers of Johnson county, were united in marriage and to this union have been born nine children, three of whom are living: Fred, a successful farmer residing near Pittsville, Missouri; Elsie May, wife of Arch Henderson; and Edwin Lundy, who is at home with his parents and a student in Holden High School. Mr. and Mrs. Miller are worthy and consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal church. South. Mr. Miller is affiliated with the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He has erected a beautiful mausoleum to be occupied in the years to come by his immediate family and their descendants. This tomb is well constructed of cement and stone, perfectly reinforced with three or four tons of steel, and it is surrounded by a park. This tomb and surroundings will be perpetually endowed by Mr. Miller with a substantial fund. This endowment will provide for the perpetual maintenance of the mausoleum and park and assist in the upkeep of any similar building which in the future might be erected on the Miller tract set aside for mausoleum purposes.

A product of a long line of ancestors, whose livelihood and wealth were derived from the soil, Joseph M. Miller early decided to choose the ancient and honorable vocation of farming as his life work. He has attained an enviable standing in agricultural circles and his soundess of judgment and clearness of foresight have won for him the highest regard of the leading business men of this county. Mr. Miller takes a broad and comprehensive view of affairs and keeps himself well posted relative to business, public, and political matters. He is numbered among the representative citizens of Johnson county.

James C. Long, a prominent citizen of Simpson township, is distinctively one of the leading farmers and stockmen of Johnson county. Mr. Long was born June 29, 1852, in Platte county, Missouri, a member of a well-known and highly respected pioneer family. He is a son of Dr. Benjamin S. and Louisa (Basey) Long, both of whom were natives of Kentucky. Doctor Long came to Missouri in 1830. James C. Long, the subject of this review, is now the oldest surviving male member of his father's family of eight children.

September 28. 1881, the marriage of James C. Long and Fannie Barnes, daughter of Doctor Barnes, of Virginia, was solemnized and to this union have been born five children, all of whom are now living: Dr. Frank B., who was born July 18, 1882. and is now engaged in the practice of medicine at Sedalia. ^Missouri ; Cliff C, who was born September 22, 1883; James R., who was born March 26. 1886; W. Hatcher, who was born June 27, 1889; and Lutie V. Four children. Cliff C, James R.. W. Hatcher, and Lutie V.. are at home with their parents.

In the autumn of 1902, James C. Long purchased a tract of land comprising four hundred forty acres, located in Simpson township and for this farm paid ten thousand dollars. The Longs mo\-ed to Johnson county in 1903. Mr. Long had spent about thirty-four years of his life engaged in farming on bottom land of the Missouri river valley in Carroll county. He managed to raise one good crop in about every three or four years in Carroll county. Mr. Long disposed of his land there before coming to Johnson county and for his farm obtained fifty-five dollars an acre, which netted him a good profit, and the place has since been sold for more than one hundred dollars an acre. Probably two hundred eighty acres of his Simpson township farm were in timber and brush when he bought it and the only impro\ements on it were an old log cabin and a shack, unworthy the name of barn. Mr. Long has built a handsome residence, a ten-room structure, which is comfortably and conveniently arranged and modern throughout ; a horse and hay barn 34 x 50 feet; cow stable, 30 x 30 feet; and an implement shed, in addition to several other needed farm buildings. The Long place is well fenced and four hundred acres are in grass and under cultivation. Mr. Long is interested both in general farming and stock raising, his farm being admirably adapted for both pursuits. He has followed the rule of feeding all the hay and grain he harvests to his stock and he annually plants nearly one hundred acres of the plare in corn, thirty acres in oats, and twenty-five acres in wheat.

Since he was a young man, eighteen years of age. and his father gave him a small farm of eighty acres. Mr. Long has followed the ancient and dignified vocation of farming. He is perhaps as widely known as any man in this county and. though a comparatively recent comer, he has in the past fourteen years established an enviable reputation in financial and social circles. His extensive business interests bring him in contact with a large number of the county's best citizens and tlieir unanimous opinion of James C. Long is that he is a valuable citizen, a man of rare business ability, keen foresight, unerring judgment, and the possessor of a liberal endowment of good, common sense.

Though not a professional partisan. Mr. Long is a firm Democrat and he does all in his power to win success for his party. He earnestly believes in the creed of the Christian church, of which he has been a worthy and consistent member for the past forty years. He is also affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America. He and Mrs. Long have attained a high standing in Simpson township and because of their eminent worth are accorded the respect and esteem of the entire community.

A. M. Craig, public administrator of Johnson county and manager of the Johnson County Home Telephone Company of Knob Noster, Missouri, was born in 1858 in Jefferson county, Iventucky, the son of Reuben and Mary Jane (Guthrie) Craig, both members of prominent Colonial families. Reuben Craig was the son of Twyman Craig, a prosperous and influential farmer, who was a native of Kentucky and of Scotch descent. The Craig family has long been a distinguished and leading one in the historical annals of this country. Several different members of the family served in the Revolutionary War. The history, which at the present time is being used as a text in the pulilic schools of Missouri, contains an illustration of early colonial life, a picture of Bryant Station, showing a stockade during a siege. The men were obliged to remain inside and the women are carrying the water. There are twenty-one women pictured and it is said that eighteen of these were Craigs. The governor of Virginia granted the Craig family vast tracts of land near Lexington. Kentucky, where they were one of the first and most eminent families of the early days. Two widely known and distinguished men of our day are descendants of the Craig family of Kentucky: Governor Shirley of Kentucky, and Edward Eggleston. the poet and historian, author of "True Stories of American Life and Adventure," "A First Book in American History," "A History of the United States and Its People." "Stories of Great Americans for Little Americans," and many historical novels. Mary Jane (Guthrie) Craig was the daughter of Livingston M. Guthrie, who was also a native of Kentucky and of Scotch descent. Reuben Craig and Mary Jane Guthrie were united in marriage in Kentucky and in 1867 came to Missouri, where they located in Callaway county. They remained in that count)- seven years and in 1874 mo\ed to Johnson county, where thev settled on a farm in Grover township. To Reuben and Marx- Craig were born three children: Leonval T.. Knob Noster. Missouri; Mrs. Lucy Snell. who died in 1896: and A. ]\L, the subject of this review. Reuben Craig was well known and highly respected in Johnson county. Mrs. Craig died in 1884 on the farm in Grover township and three years later she was followed in death by her husband, the death of Reuben Craig occurring in 1887.

A. M. Craig was a boy nine }"ears of age. when he came to Missouri with his parents. He attended school in Callaway and Johnson counties. He was sixteen years old when the Craig family moved in 1874 to the farm in Grover township, near Knob Xoster, and he attended school in Knob Noster. Marion Bigley taught the school and Mr. Craig recalls among his classmates. \\'. F. Denton, C. W. Weidman. T. E. Rigg, and S. J. Dudley. From earliest boyhood, A. M. Craig assisted his father with the work of the farm. He now owns a splendid farm in Washington township, Johnson county.

In 1883, A. M. Craig was united in marriage with Fannie E. Souther, the daughter of Simeon and ]\Iahala Souther, who were honored pioneers of Johnson county, coming from Kentucky at an earl\- da\'. To .\. M. Craig and Fannie E. (Souther) Craig have been born four children: Mary M., Gladys L., George M., and Francis A.

Mr. Craig entered the real estate business in Knob Noster in 1896, in which he has since been successfully engaged. Land in Missouri has increased in value threefold since that time. Farmers in Johnson county are engaging more and more in the dairy business, which, in a large measure, accounts for part of the increase in land valuation.

Besides his farm in Washington township, Mr. Craig is owner of his real estate office in Knob Noster, his handsome residence, a modern structure of nine rooms, and several store buildings in Knob Noster. For the past fourteen years, he has been public administrator and for fifteen years, he has been manager of the Home Telephone Company. Mr. and Mrs. Craig take active interest in church work, both being valued members of the Knob Noster Christian church. Mr. Craig has been superintendent of the Christian Sunday school for many years and an elder in the church. He is also a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, the Knights of Pythias, and the Modern Woodmen of America.

Mrs. Belle A. (Post) Hunter, widow of the late Samuel F. Hunter, one of Johnson county's bravest and noblest women, owner of "The Pines," a beautiful country home five miles southeast of Warrensburg, is a native of Pennsylvania. She was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Clark Post, who was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania. Clark Post is the son of William and Margaret (Lindley) Post, of Pennsylvania. Margaret (Lindley) Post was the daughter of Benjamin and Sarah (Morgan) Lindley, one of the best of the old colonial families of Revolutionary ancestry. Of the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Clark Post, the following are now living: Etta M., who is the wife of Charles Post, of Spencerville. Ohio; Frank S., of Portland, Oregon; John L., who resides on the homestead near Claysviile. Pennsylvania, and who represented his home county, Washington county, in the state Legislature in 1913 and 1914: and Mrs. Belle A. Hunter, the subject of this review.

The Post family moved from Pennsylvania in 1870 to a farm located in Pottawatomie county, near Manhattan, Kansas, where they resided for thirteen years, when they moved to Johnson county, Missouri, where Clark Post purchased the present home of Mrs. Hunter. About ten years after the daughter, Belle A., was married, Mr. and Mrs. Hunter purchased the farm in \\'arrensl)urg township and her father and motlier returned to their old home in Washington county, Pennsylvania, wliere they are now residing. Mr. and Mrs. Clark Post celebrated their golden wedding anniversary December 16. 1916, at the old homestead in Pennsylvania and their four children were all present, with thirteen of tlie fourteen grandchildren. Three of the Post children were graduates of the Warrensburg State Normal School.

Samuel F. Htxtkr

November 10. 1S86, Samuel F. Hunter and Belle A. Post were united in marriage. Samuel F. Hunter was born October 14, 1860, in Hawkins county, Tennessee. He was the son of Calvin C. and Martha J. (Eidson) Hunter, the former, a native of South Carolina and the latter, a native of Tennessee. Calvin C. Hunter was born in 1835 and Martha J. (Eidson) Hunter in 1832. They were united in marriage in Tennessee and to them were born the following children: John \V., of Knob Noster, Missouri; William E., who resides at Missoula, Montana; Samuel F., the deceased husband of the subject of this review; Hillery G., of Knob Noster, Missouri; R. W'., who resides at Poison, Montana; Charles S.. of Ivnob Noster, Missouri; and Mary Magdalene, who is the wife of P. A. Riggle, of New Rockford, North Dakota. Calvin C. Hunter enlisted in the Civil \\ar. serving with the Confederate ami}- for four years. He enlisted in Tennessee as a private and at the battle of Vicksburg was promoted to the position of first lieutenant as reward for \alor in battle. After the Civil War had ended, Calvin C. Hunter moved with his family in 1870 to Missouri, where they settled on a farm northeast of Knob Noster in Johnson county. His death occurred at the home of his son, William, in Missoula, Montana, in 1913. His wife had preceded her husband in death six years before, her death occurring in 1907, and the remains of both parents of Samuel F. Hunter are interred in the cemetery at Warrensburg.

Samuel F. Hunter was educated in the public schools of Johnson county. He remained at home with his parents until the time of his marriage. In 1886, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel F. Hunter moved on the farm six miles northeast of Knob Noster, where they resided for seven years. They moved to the present home of Mrs. Hunter in 1893. which they purchased from her parents. The farm comprises one hundred sixty acres of valuable land, well located and supplied with an abundance of water. Spring branch flows through the place, which is chiefly <levoted to stock raising, practically all the farm being in pasture land. Mrs. Hunter has at the present time fourteen cows at "The Pines" and is conducting a very profitable business in selling cream to the Warrensburg Creamery Company. The farm was named "The Pines" because of the fine, old pine trees, which shade the lawn, trees which are probably the oldest, having been planted seventy-five years ago, and undoubtedly the largest and most splendid in the township. "The Pines" is nicely improved and kept. In 1907, the barn, 40 x .^6 feet

To Samuel F. and Belle A. (Post) Hunter were born six children: Naomi Belle, who is now the wife of Otto F. Greim, the prosperous young proprietor of "Hillcrest Farnl" in Warrensburg township, and to them has been born a son, Otto F., Jr., born March 27, 1917, the first and only grandchild; Edna Lucile, a teacher; Clark Calvin; Nana Lois Post, a student in Warrensburg State Normal; John Dale, and Glenn Samuel. Five children are at home at "Tiie Pines" with their mother. There are no better trained, more interesting children in this state than the Hunter children. The father died September 13, 1916, and burial was made in the cemetery at Warrensburg. Mrs. Hunter is keeping their little family together on the farm, which place she is managing remarkably well.

In 1906, Samuel F. Hunter was elected road commissioner for Warrensburg township and he served in this position with great satisfaction to all his constituents for two terms. Mr. Hunter was highly intellectual man, broad minded, capable, and progressive, one who possessed many qualities worthy of the greatest respect and esteem. His loss to the citizenship of Johnson county has been deeply felt and mourned. He was a meml^er and active worker in Alt. Zion Cumberland Presbyterian church. For a number of years he was superintendent of the Sunday School, for some years he also had charge of the Valley school house Sunday School. For twenty years prior to his death he was active in Sunday School work and until his health failed him he continued in the Lord's work. Mr. Hunter was one of the ruling elders of Mt. Zion Cumberland church.

G. B. Bozarth, who has long been recognized as one of Johnson county's leading citizens, is a worthy representative of an honored and respected pioneer family of Johnson county. Mr. Bozarth was born February 6, 1862, near Jacksonville in Morgan county. Illinois, a son of Abram Johnson and Olive (Ticknor) Bozarth, Ixith of whom were natives of Illinois. The Bozarths are of French and the Ticknors of English descent. The maternal grandmother of G. P>. Bozarth was a direct descendant of the Richardsons, who were among the one hundred two Pilgrims that set sail in the "Mayflower" from Plymouth. England, on September 6, 1620. The Richardsons in England have for centuries been a noted familv. Samuel Riciiardson (1689-1761), was the discoverer of a new literary form, the modern novel, and the author of many well-known books, among which are, "Pamela," "Clarissa Marlowe,"' and "Sir Charles Grandison." Sir John Richardson (1787-1865), a distinguished naturalist, was a surgeon in the English navy and an Arctic explorer, whose works on Arctic zoology have been widely studied. He was knighted in 1846. The Richardsons who came to the New World in the "Mayflower" were closely connected with the families that produced the author and the explorer.

Olive (Ticknor) Bozarth died in Illinois in 1864. She left three children motherless: Arthur, who died in October, 1880; Dr. Charles Walter, who is now a prominent physician of I.os Angeles, California; and G. B., the subject of this review. The father remarried and to the second union was born one child, a son: Dr. J. R. Bozarth. a well-known physician of Centerview, Missouri.

In the spring of 1866, Abram Bozarth came with his family to Johnson county, Missouri, and they settled near Kirkpatrick's Mill, now the site of Valley City, on a tract of land comprising five hundred acres, which he purchased for about fifteen dollars an acre. The farm was all "raw land," three hundred sixty acres of which were open prairie lying to the southeast and the remainder was in timber. By much hard labor, Abram Bozarth cleared and reduced to a good state of cultivation his vast acres and in a few years was one of the prosperous and successful farmers of his community.

During the Civil War. Abram Bozarth enlisted with the Union army, serving with the Twenty-seventh Illinois Infantry as captain under Logan. Grant, and Sherman for nearly three years. Though he had been a Federal soldier. ]Mr. Bozarth was not iml)ittered by the conflict and in after years spent countless days and nights cheerfully giving assistance to some ex-Confederate friend or neighbor in times of trouble or grief. As in war. so in peace. Abram Bozarth was a leader of men. It will be remembered that it was he who killed the "Marshall Branch Railroad Bond" proposition in Simpson and Grover townships, which was as crooked a business deal as has ever been promulgated in Johnson county. Innocent of its true import. Aliram Bozarth was originally a "booster" for the proposition, but when he was approached with a counter-proposition to accept a secret share of the "hush fund," he was highly indignant, promptly turned down the offer, and used his influence, which was by no means small, to defeat the bonds and he accomplished his purpose.

Although a busy man, deeply immersed in his private business interests, Abram Bozarth unselfishly gave much of his time to the advancement of education and the church. He was one of the founders of Valley City Christian church and of this religious institution was an elder for many years. As a citizen, neighbor, and friend, no man in this county occupied a larger place in the respect and esteem of his fellow-men than did Abram Bozarth. In the social circles of his community, he was a favorite. He lived wisely and well, discharging in the fear of his Master all the duties of citizenship, and leaving a record as an honorable, honest, courteous gentleman, a name of which his descendants may be justly proud. Captain Bozarth died May 1, 1906 and his remains were laid to rest in the cemetery at Knob Noster. His widow survives and she is now residing in Warrensburg.

December 30, 1880, the marriage of G. B. Bozarth and Mary S. Foster was solemnized. Mary S. (Foster) Bozarth was born November 16, 1858, on her father's farm in Johnson county. She is a member of a prominent pioneer family of this county, a family that was among the first settlers of Missouri. Mrs. Bozarth is a daughter of Sanford Foster, who was born in Kentucky on January 17, 1829, a son of James Foster, who came to Missouri from Kentucky bringing his family and a vanguard of slaves as early as 1840. The Fosters were wealthy plantation owners in the South and they cleared and cultivated as much as a section of land in Johnson county, Missouri. Tliey were dominant factors in the growth, development, and upbuilding of the county. James Foster died on his farm in Johnson county May 7, 1867. To G. B. and Mary S. (Foster) Bozarth have been born the following children: Bessie Lee, who was born March 8, 1882, married Charles E. McNary, of Barton county, Missouri, on December 23, 1902, and died August 8. 1913; Hattie May, who was born May 2, 1885, married Milton A. Boone on September 22, 1907, and they are now residing on a farm in Simpson township; Olive Ann, who was born September 3, 1888, married B. W. Bracken on April 5, 1906. and they reside on a farm in Hazel Hill township: Frank Foster, who was born July 25, 1890; Beulah T.., who was born August 1. 1894, married J. C. Erdweiss on May 22, 1913. and they now reside in Lafayette county; Charles A., who was born May 16, 1898; and Willie S.. who was born January 5, 1900. Frank Foster, Charles A., and Willie S. are now at home with their parents. Mr. and Mrs. Bozarth have resided in Simpson township, with the exception of six years, all their married li\es. Thev own one luindred twenty acres of the Sanford Foster place ami tiieir residence is located on the site of an old. Indian camping ground. The first white man to locate hero was "Uncle George" Angel, who settleti in Johnson county in a very early day. Sanford Foster was the next owner of this farm and since 1852 the title to the land has never once passed out of the ownership of some member of the Foster family. Mr. and Mrs. Bozarth are highly respected members of the Valley City Christian church. Mr. Bozarth is a firm adherent to the principles of the Republican party. The Bozarth home is well known to the best people of Johnson county and the influence of the Bozarths has long been exerted in behalf of all that conduces to kindness, benevolence, and right living.

Edwin P. Minor, a successful and enterprising farmer and stockman of Simpson township, is a member of one of the first families of Missouri and a son of one the first settlers of Marion county. Mr. Minor was born April 9, 1858, in Adams county, Illinois, a son of Thomas and Nancy C. (Collier) Minor, both of whom were natives of Kentucky.

When Thomas Minor was a youth, fifteen years of age, he came with his parents from Kentucky to Missouri and they settled on a farm in Marion county near Hannibal, about 1837. On this farm he grew to manhood and in Marion county, Missouri, was united in marriage with Nancy C. Collier. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Minor left Missouri shortly after their marriage and went to Illinois and in tliat state resided until after the Civil A\'ar, when they returned to Missouri. To Thomas and Nancy C. Minor were born eleven children, five of whom died in infancy or in childhood, six were reared to maturity, and four are now living, at the time of this writing, in 1917: Mrs. Martha J. Fry. who died in August, 1868; Thomas Henry, wlio died in August, 1874; William R. ; Mrs. William Foster, who owns the Minor liomestead in Simpson township: Mrs. C. O. Bales: and Edwin P., the subject of this review. During the Ci\'il W'ar, Tiiomas Minor enlisted in the Federal army and served tlirougiiout tlie war with Company F, Tliirty-sixtli Illinois Infantry under General Thomas, wlio was known as tlie "Rock of Chickamauga." Mr. Minor took an active and effective part in the battles of Franklin and Nashville and in numerous other engagements.

In 1869, the Minors returned from Illinois to Missouri and this time they settled in Johnson county in 1870 on a tract of land, comprising twenty acres, in Simpson township and on this little farm Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Minor spent the remainder of tlieir lives. The father died September 11, 1904. The mother had preceded her husband in death about six years. It is a pleasure to commemorate, inadequate though the memoir may be, the life of one who, though engaged in the manifold duties of an active agriculturist and upon whom rested the grave responsibility of providing and caring for a large family, proved himself an upright, courageous, patriotic citizen and when the call of his country became imperative did not shirk but went bravely forth in its defense, to suffer and to die - if need be - for "Old Glory." Measured by the true standard of value, which is not that of dollars and cents, the lives of Mr. and Mrs. Minor were decidedly successful.

The early life of Edwin P. Minor was spent on his father's farm in Simpson township. He was a lad, twelve years of age. when his parents moved back to Missouri from Illinois. He attended the district school near his home when opportunity was so given, but he did not complete the prescribed course of study on account of his services being required at home. Mr. Minor has worked hard ever since he has been large enough to manage a plow and other farm implements of labor. He left school at the early age of sixteen years and when he had reached the age at which young men are supposed to sever home ties and begin life for themselves, Mr. Minor was self-supporting. He labored as a "hired hand" for several years and then with his savings purchased a team of horses and the needed farm implements, rented a tract of land in Illinois, and for eleven years was engaged in farming in that state. He returned to Johnson county, Missouri, in 1894 and rented a farm, comprising ninety-two acres, in Simpson township, which place he purchased the ensuing year, paying seventeen hundred dollars for the land. Since acquiring the ownership of this farm, Mr. Minor has improved it, adding the residence, barn, chicken-house, and other farm buildings. He has cleared twenty-five acres and now has the entire farm under a high state of cultivation. As a producer of grain, Edwin P. Minor has few equals and he has also achieved splendid success as a breeder of cattle, hogs and horses.

March 25, 1885, Edwin P. Minor and Nettie Jones were united in marriage in Stillwell, Hancock county. Illinois. To this union were born six children: Carl Thomas, born October 19, 1886. married Kate Gibson, and they reside in Warrensburg, Missouri : Ralph, born March 27, 1888, married Stella Pollock, and they reside in Centerview township, Johnson county; Floy Viola, born March 14, 1890, married Charles Horn, and they reside in Warrensburg, Missouri ; Zola C, born October 9, 1892; George, born February 28, 1894: and Nettie May, born June 18,

1902, and died August 10, 1902. The mother died a few days after tlie birth of Nettie May, on June 29, 1902. Septemljer 6. 1905, the marriage of Mr. Minor and Mrs. Nellie M. (Medis) South, daughter of Isaac Medis, of Warrensburg, Missouri, and widow of Arthur B. South, was solemnized. To Mr. and Mrs. IMinor have been born two children: Ruth Leone, born July 31, 1906 and Edwin Paul, Jr., born January 30, 1908. By her first husband, Mrs. Nellie M. South Minor is the mother of three children: Frank D., born December 27. 1895; Nellie Marie, born March 29, 1900: and Ora Gertrude, born August 10, 1902.

Some idea of the magnitude of the labor performed by Edwin P. Minor since he came to Simpson township more than a score of years ago may be had when one thinks how long a time and how much work is involved in clearing one acre of ground and then know that he has cleared twenty-five, an undertaking from which the \-oung men of today would shrink, quite probably. From early morn until late at night the strokes of his ax might be heard echoing and re-echoing through the silent wood. Endowed by nature with superb physical powers and blessed with splendid health, Mr. Minor has made rapid progress iinproving his tract of land and now the timber and brush are supplanted by cultivated fields and a substantial residence stands where once stood a rude, log cabin home. Mr. ^Nlinor takes an active interest in politics and he votes the Democratic ticket, but has ne\'er aspired to official position. He has always been deeply interested in tlie material prosperity of his community and has freely contributed his influence and support to all movements having for their object the moral uplift of his fellow-men.

Henry Park, M. D., a prominent and highly valued physician of Knob Noster, ^Missouri, was born in Johnson county in 1858. He is the son of John and Letitia fBigham) Park, the former a son of William Park, who lived and died in Kentucky, and the latter, a daughter of Mr. Bigham, of Alabama. John Park was born in Kentucky in 1818. He left Kentucky in early manhood and came to Missouri in 1845, locating in Pettis county, where he remained twelve years. In 1857, he moved to Johnson county, where he purchased four hundred forty acres of land and engaged in farming and stock raising. John Park was well known throughout Johnson county and was highly esteemed and respected. Perhaps few men in this section of the state have as many friends and acquaintances as had he. and his death in 1894 was the source of deepest regret to scores of men and women in this community.

He was a citizen possessing many qualities commanding respect and worthy of the greatest honor and esteem. Mrs. Park made her home with her son. Dr. Henry Park, until her death in 1916.

Henry Park attended the public schools of Johnson county and the Warrensburg State Normal School. He is a graduate of Barnes' University in the class of 1893. For ten years he was engaged in the teaching profession, four years of which were spent in Kansas, before he entered the medical school. Doctor Park began the practice of medicine at Dunksburg, Missouri. In 1893 and in 1909 he entered the medical profession at Knob Noster where he now has a very large practice, a patronage which encompasses a circuit of ten miles in practically all directions from Knob Noster. Dr. Park drives a car and is thus enabled to reach his most distant patient within thirty minutes of receiving the call.

Dr. Henry Park was united in marriage with Susan Swope in 1882. Susan (Swope) Park is the daughter of Milton Swope, a native of Kentucky. To Dr. and Mrs. Park have been born two children: Mrs. Bertha Winston, Lamonte, Missouri; and Pinkney F., who is attending the Bennett Medical College at Chicago, Illinois. Dr. and Mrs. Park are members of the Christian church, of which Dr. Park is a highly regarded elder. The Park home, which is located in Knob Noster, is a large, modern structure, built of brick, containing ten spacious rooms and a splendid basement. Dr. Park's ofifice is located at his residence.

Politically, Dr. Park is affiliated with the Democratic party. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and is local registrar and a member of the Johnson county and State Medical Societies.

Judge T. L. Kimzey, judge of the county court of Johnson county, Missouri, is one of the prosperous sons of the earliest pioneers of Missouri and Johnson county. He was born in Johnson county in 1849, the son of S. P. and Cynthia (Wood) Kimzey. His paternal grandfather, Benjamin E. Kimzey, came to Missouri from Tennessee early in the nineteentli century, about 1820. When just a mere boy, S. P. Kimzey located, with his brothers, in Saline county, Missouri. Tliey witli their father were engaged in the manufacture of salt at a salt-lick in Saline county and trading with the Indians, peddling their salt, from wigwam to wigwam, in wagons drawn by oxen. There were no roads in those days and the Kimzey brothers followed the trails made by tlie Indians. Early in the thirties, S. P. Kimzey came with his father.

Benjamin I£. Kinizey, to Johnson county, where they entered land in Jeft'erson township and engaged in the pursuits of agriculture. S. P. Kinizey became very successful and prosperous in this vocation, owning at one time more than eight hundred acres of land in Johnson county. He was a natural leader of men and prior to the Civil War was captain of the Home Guards for many years. He enlisted in the Civil War and served with the Southern army thruughout the war, as did also his two brothers. After the war had ended, he returned to Johnson county, where he lived until 1882, when he moved to Eldorado Springs, Missouri, and there his death occurred four years later. Airs. Kimzey followed him in death ten years later, her death occurring in 1896.

T. L. Kinizey attended a "subscription school" of the early days. School was held in a log house, having a puncheon floor and benches. The seats were placed around the three sides of the room and the tireplace was on the fourth side. The "master" ur "schoolma'am" sat in the center of the room and called the chiklren up to "say their lessons."' On one side of the room was a sort of shelf made of a split board and high enough to write upon antl in front of this was a puncheon bench, which was for the older boys and girls. When they wished to write, they turned their backs toward the teacher and wrote upon the shelf. The little children could not reach the siielf, but that was not necessary, for of course they could not write. They sat on the puncheon benches and studied their "a-])-c's" all day long. Spelling was the principal subject and frequently "spelling bees" were held, wiiich occasioned much interest, for the men and women could spell in those days, if they did not know how to draw or paint pictures. The pupils sometimes grew very tired in the old-fashioned school, but the "master" always kept a number of large switches in sight to urge the laggard on the road of learning. The ciiildren had many happy times, however, at school and they had the whole prairie for their playground. Two of the early teachers were Elza Ray and Sue Herrington. The only road was the state road and the children followed a trail to the school house. This trail was made by dragging a log back and forth across the tail prairie grass, using a yoke of oxen to do so.

In the early history of Johnson county, there were no churches and Sunday School was a thing unheard of in this part of the state. Relio-ious meetings were held in the cabins of the settlers or out under the trees. Later, little log churches were built like the houses and people from miles and miles away would come on horseback to hear the pioneer preachers, of whom Judge Kimzey recalls several, among them: Reverend William Caldwell, Reverend Frank Goodwin, Reverend "Jacky'" Whitsett, and Reverend "Jim'" Houx. The preacher was a pioneer and hunter like the rest of the settlers. It was no easy task for him to go from place to place throug^h the wide, open prairie and muddy swamps, but he was always brave and cheerful and might be heard singing hymns at the top of his voice as he went on his lonely way. The preachers were welcomed in the homes of the poorest settler and people came by families in wagons, drawn by oxen, to listen to their preaching with the greatest respect and attention. Judge Kimzey's father always led the singing at church and at gatherings held in the homes. His mother was a splendid singer and enjoyed the music immensely, always taking an important part at all musical gatherings.

Wild gaine was plentiful, deer, wild turkeys, and prairie chickens being in abundance and to be had for the hunting. Supplies were hauled from Boonville, Warsaw, and Lexington. Mr. Kimzey remembers how his father frequently hauled choice cuts of bacon to Lexington, where he sold them for two cents a pound. Stock raising was not very profitable in the early days. Dried venison was the staple article of food and with plenty of that, cornbread and hominy the settlers considered themselves very well provisioned. Prairie fires were constantly feared and one of the evils, which had to be fought with great skill, for they were exceedingly destructive. Judge Kimzey often aided his father fight the oncoming flames by a system of back-firing. Their home was a log cabin, 16 x 16 feet in dimensions, constructed with a "loft" above and a "lean to" on the side, but it was all they had and they would fight hard to keep it.

In early manhood. Judge Kimzey went to California and remained in that state a short time. He was at that time twenty-six years of age, in 1875. Later he returned to Johnson county and engaged in farming and stock raising. He is now the owner of four hundred twenty acres of land, most of which is in meadow and devoted to stock growing.

Judge T. L. Kimzey and Ollie McQuerry were united in marriage in 1898. Ollie (McQuerry) Ivimzey is the daughter of C. W. McQuerry. of Warrens1nu-g. ]\Iissouri. Prior to her marriage. Mrs. Kimzey was engaged in teaching school, having taught two terms of school at Flordonia. To Judge and Mrs. Kimzey have been born two sons: Samuel W. and Charles Lee, both of whom are at home with their parents. Judge Kimzey is a member of the Democratic party and in 1916 was elected judge of the county court in Johnson county and he is now serving his first term of office with great satisfaction to the entire county.

Harlowe A. Saults, M. D., a well-known and successful physician of Valley City, Missouri, is one of the leading professional men of Johnson county. Dr. Saults was born June 13, 1879. at East Lynne in Cass county, Missouri, a son of D. N. and Alice B. (Graham) Saults. D. N. Saults came to Missouri from Tennessee in 1876 and located at Knob Noster. He was at that time a young, unmarried man, twentv-two years of age. Mr. Saults was a blacksmith by tratle and for thirty years was associated in partnership with Robert Ford in the blacksmithing business at Knob Noster. He retired from that vocation in 1910 and has since been engaged in the mercantile business at Knob Noster, associated with his son, Charles L. The father is now probably sixtyeight years of age and he is still active and alert botii physically and mentally and assumes the full control of all his business afifairs and extensive financial interests, which in Knob Noster alone amount in \alue to a considerable sum, in addition to a \-aluable farm, comprising one hundred forty acres, located south of Knob Noster. D. N. Saults has long been considered one of the most important promoters of business and builders of Knob Noster. As a business man and financier, Mr. Saults holds precedence in his community and possebsing a strong mentality, invincible perseverance, and a marked individuality, he is looked upon as a natural leader of men, a director of opinion in matters relating to financial and industrial afYairs. Fraternally, D. N. Saults has been a Mason of the Third Degree for many years. Politically, he is a stanch Democrat. To D. N. and Alice B. Saults were born two children: Dr. Harlowe A., the subject of this sketch: and Lena Alice, who resides at home with her father. Charles L.. who is associated in the mercantile business at Knob Noster with his father, and Fannie, who died in infancy, were born of a second marriage of D. N. Saults to Miss Rucker.

schools of Knob Noster, Missouri. He is a graduate of the Knob Noster High School, in the class of 1899, and of the Marion Sims Beaumont Medical College at St. Louis, Missouri, in the class of 1903. After completing the high school course, Doctor Saults attended Missouri State University one year and in 1902 successfully passed the examination of the Missouri State Board of Health. After three years' work in medical school, he began the practice of his profession at Warrenton, Missouri, and one year later, in 1904, came to \'alley City, where he opened his office and has since been actively engaged in the medical practice, which has been steadily growing for the past thirteen years and now Doctor Saults has numerous patients within a circuit of ten and thirteen miles in the country. Within the past three years, he has traveled in his Ford car thirty-four thousand miles. Dr. Saults is the owner of his residence and otifice, which are located on a small tract of two and a half acres of laud within the city limits of Valley City, and of a splendid farm, embracing one hundred sixty acres of land, three miles south of Knob Noster, a fine, valuable country place.

December 25, 1902, the marriage of Dr. Harlowe Saults and Alma L. Sprague, daughter of W. T. Sprague, of Warrensburg, was solemnized and to this union have been born three children: Vera Fay. born August 1, 1904; Luther Lee, born December 26. 1909; and Marian Virginia, born November 19, 1913.

Doctor Saults has attained a conspicuous place in the public esteem not solely because of his professional success but also on account of the honorable, straightforward policy he has invariably followed in all his business relations. He always has at heart the best interests of his fellow-men. For his chosen calling. Doctor Saults is admirably fitted. He is a man of tireless energy, quick of perception, quiet and calm in manner, and of well-trained intellect. The success which has already crowned his efforts bespeaks for him a long and eminently useful career. Doctor Saults is the official registrar of vital statistics for Simpson township. Politically, he is a Democrat.

J. E. Porter, M. D., a prominent and capable physician and surgeon of Knob Noster. Missouri, was born in 1867 in Pettis county, Missouri, the son of Reverend James S. Porter, the widely known and beloved Methodist Episcopal minister, a pioneer preacher, who came to Missouri in 1849 and for more than a half century has devoted his life to the cause of Christianity in this section of the stale and is nowresiding in Rich Hill, Missouri. Reverentl James S. Porter is ninetytwo years of age. The mother of Dr. J. E. Porter was the daughter of William Bigham, a resident of Johnson county. To Reverend James S. and Mrs. Porter were born two sons: Dr. J. E., the subject of this review; and J. B., who resides at Stuttgart. Arkansas. By a former marriage. Reverend Porter was the father of eight children.

Dr. J. E. Porter is a graduate of Lewis College, Glasgow. Missouri in the class of 1889 and of the Marion Sims Medical College. St. Louis, Missouri in the class of 1897. After one year of practice in the medical profession in St. Louis. Missouri, Dr. Porter came to Knob Nostcr and began the practice of medicine and surgery. He enjoys a verv extensive practice, covering a territory wliicii extends from ten to twelve miles into the country in all directions from the city of Ixiio!) Noster. Dr. Porter lias been remarkably successful in his cliosen profession and is highly esteemed by the different members of his \-ocation, not only in this county, but in the state. He is a \aiued member of the Johnson County Medical Society and of the Missouri State and the American Medical Associations.

In 1904. Dr. J. E. Porter was united in marriage with {-".lizabctli Senior, the daughter of Judge J. G. and Josephine ( Honey ) Senior, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this \olnme. To Dr. and Mrs. Porter has been born one child, a daugliter, Rutii Elizabeth. The Porter home in Knob Noster is one of the most lieautiful liomes in the county, a handsome structure, wliich is modern tliroughout and well located.

Politically, Dr. Porter is affiliated with the Republican party. He is a member of the Ancient Eree and Accepted ]\Lasons and of the Odd Fellows. Both he and Mrs. Porter are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, with the ministry of which Dr. Porter's father has so long been connected. Dr. Porter is a man of pleasing personality and measures up fully to the high standard demanded of his calling.

Joseph H. Rothwell, a highly respected pioneer of Johnson county and the well-known notary public and insurance man of Knol) Xoster. Missouri, was born in 18.^.^ in a log cal)in on his father's farm in Johnson county. He is the son of J. C. and Mary S. (Ramsey) Rothwell, natives of Virginia. J. C. Rothwell was the son of "Buck" Rothwell, a typical Virginian. J. C. Rothwell and Mary S. Ramsey were united in marriage in Virginia and in 1839 came to Missouri from Virginia and settled on a farm in Johnson count}', comprising three hundred twent)' acres, which J. C. Rothvvell entered from the government. He was a prosperous and influential farmer and stockman of pioneer days, capable, industrious, and generous-hearted, a man whom all respected and honored. His death occurred in 1893. The following children were born to J. C. and Mary S. Rothwell: C. W., who resides in Warrensburg, Missouri; Mrs. Mattie D. Mayes, Warrensburg, Missouri; Mrs. Nettie D. Gossett, who resides in Oklahoma; and J. H., the subject of this review.

T. H. Rotliwell attended the "subscription schools" of the early pioneer days. Mr. Buckmaster and George Couch were two of his first teachers, whom he recalls. Mr. Rothwell often attended and took part in the old fashioned "spelling bees," and "debating societies," where all sorts of topics were vehemently discussed and the leading issues of the day settled forever, and the primitive "singing schools," where those who could sing wouldn't and those who couldn't sing would, and where all had a happy, social time. Mr. Rothwell is of the opinion, which is held by the majority of people, that in the early days the settlers were more friendly, more socialiie, and more interested in the welfare of others than the people of the present day. J. H. Rothwell completed his education in the Warrensburg State Normal School and after leaving school, engaged in farming' and stock raising, in which vocation he was employed until 1906, when he moved from the farm to Knob Noster, on account of the better school facilities, desiring to give his children the advantages of a high school education. Mr. Rothwell is the owner of a splendid farm in Grover township, a well improved place, comprising four hundred acres of the best farm land in this county, a beautiful, country home. He has the general supervision of his farm in addition to his business interests in Knob Noster. He was in partnership with his son, C. F., in the mercantile business in Knob Noster, where C. F. Rothwell conducted a general dry goods store, carrying a stock of goods valued at twelve thousand dollars, until tliey disposed of the business in June. 1917. J. H. Rotliwell also is a notary public and insurance man. his office being located in the Shy building.

Methodist Episcopal church, South, wlio came to Missouri from Kentucky and for many years was engaoed in niissimiary work among the Cherokee Indians. Reverend Scruggs purcliased a farm in Johnson county and in addition to the work of the f;irm continued to l)e the "local preacher." Mrs. Rothwell renieml)ers having witnessed many marriage ceremonies performed hy her father. To ]. H. and Allena (Scruggs) Rothwell have been born the follow ing cliildren: Claybourne F., who was engaged in the mercantile Imsiness in partnership with his father and conducted a general store in Knob Xoster until June, 1917: J. E.. who resides in XeJ^-aska with his wife, who was Claretta Guihen, and child, Erneeta; Allena E., who resides at home; and Mary M.. who resides at home. ^Ir. and Mrs. Rothwell reside in Knob Noster. where tliey have a nice, well-kept home. Both are interested in church work, being active members of the Presbyterian church. Mrs. Rothwell is treasurer of the Presbyterian Missionary Society. Mr. Rothwell is an elder of his church and superintendent of the Presbyterian Sunda\' School and recently attended as delegate the Johnson County Sunday- School .\ssociation at Chilhowee, Missouri.

For sixty-two years, Mr. Rothwell has lived in Johnson county and he has literally "grown u]) with the country." He recalls how he was want to drive his father's cows home from the open range and frecpiently saw on those occasions herds of wild deer and flocks of wild turkeys. He used to kill the prairie chickens which came to feed on the corn husks in his father's field. Mr. Rothwell vividly remembers the days when the mail was received but once a week. The old log house in which he was born stood until recent years on the homeplace and he still has in his possession the "land patents" his father received when he homesteaded the farm. \\'Iien J. H. Rothwell was a youth, roads were unheard of in this section of the state and one found his way home across the open prairie liy relying solely on his sense of direction. Afr. Rothwell relates that his first investment was in calves, which he kept for three years, selling them at a good price and realizing a large profit. He has lieen interested in the stock business ever since.

J. H. Rothwell has always taken an active and interested part in civic aiifairs as well as in religious matters. He was a member of the school board of his district for twenty-one years and for many years served as district clerk. He is afinliated with the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons and the Odd Fellows.

E. C. Littlefield, the prominent attorney of Knob Noster, Missouri, was born in 1868 in Knob Noster, the son of Lyman C. and Ellen Z. Littlefield. Lyman C. Littlefield was the son of William Littlefield, a. native of Weld, Maine. The Littlefield family is of English descent. Two brothers emigrated from England to America in the earliest colonial days and from them the Littlefields in America have descended. Lyman C. Littlefield was a teacher in Knob Noster before the Civil War and one of the town's first merchants. He also was the owner and manager of the first lumber yard in the old town of Knob Noster. During the Civil War, he was at one time a prisoner of war. Escaping from the Southern army, he returned to his old home in Maine and for many years was engaged in the manufacture of shingles in that state. Later in life, Lyman C. Littlefield returned to Johnson county. Missouri, where he became an extensive landowner, engaging in stock raising on a large scale. He was president of the Bank of Knob Noster for several years and it was he who placed this bank on its present firm, financial basis and secured for it the sound rating and prosperity it now enjoys. Mr. Littlefield dieil Januar\- 5. 1901. His wife had preceded him in death many years before, her death occurring in 1879. Seven children were born to Lyman C. and Ellen Z. Littlefield, six of whom are now living: Charles B., Claremore. Oklahoma: WiUiani ^^'., Kendrick, Oklahoma; Mrs. Lillian May Shumaker, Colorado Springs, Colorado; E. C, the subject of this review; Mrs. Nora E. Thompson, Erie, Kansas; and Lyman M., Lamonte, Missouri.

The early education of E. C. Littlefield was obtained in the public schools of Knob Noster, Missouri. He later attended the \\'entworth Military Academy at Lexington, Missouri and completed his education at the Missouri State University, where he was a student in the law school, graduating in the class of 1890. After completing college. Mr. Littlefield was for six years a member of the law firm, Waddill & Brown, having an ofifice in the New York Life building in Kansas City, Missouri. In 1896, E. C. Littlefield came to Knob Noster and opened his law ofifice and he has ever since been engaged in the practice of law in this city. He has been city attorney for the past twenty years, which is sufificient evidence of the high esteem in which he is held. Mr. Littlefield states that he is no politician but has made it an invariable rule to "vote for the man."

(Hope) Lewis, the daugliter of Colonel John C. Hope, the well-known and influential politician of Missouri. Mr. and Airs. Liltletield are numbered among Johnson county's best families.

E. F. Kendrick, one of the pioneers of Johnson county, a son of one of the most prominent families of early settlers of Pettis county, was born in 1856 in Johnson county. He is the son of E. R. and Elizabeth (Robinson) Kendrick. E. R. Kendrick was the son of J. T. Kendrick, a resident of Pettis county, Missouri. E. R. Kendrick, the father of the subject of this review, came to jt.dnison county in 1850 and settled on a farm near Knob Noster. 1^. E. Kendrick has living two brothers and one half-brother: J. M. Kendrick, E. L. Kendrick, and W. R. Clark, all of whom reside at Knob Xoster, Missouri.

Mr. Kendrick attended the primitive country schools of Johnson county. He recalls how he enjoyed swinging his feet, which dangled from the high puncheon seats, while listening to Reverend Tigg, a Hardshell Baptist minister, teach. Mr. Kendrick also attended "spelling bees" and "singing schools." He remend^ers, among his schoolmates, Alex Glass and John Lay. There were no roads in those early days and when the first school house was built on tlie open prairie, a log was dragged over the long, tall grass to make a trail for the children to follow to the school house. E. E. Kendrick early in life began working for himself on his father's farm in Johnson county. In 1885 he purchased nearly two hundred sixty acres of land and later increased his holdings by purchasing two hundred acres more. He is the present owner of this farm, which lies eight miles southeast of Knob Noster. The Kendrick place is well-improved, having a -fine farm residence of nine rooms, and several large, well-constructed barns in keeping with the rest of the improvements. Three hundred fifty acres are devoted to bluegrass and Mr. Kendrick is largely interested in stock raising. He has the general super\ision of his farm in addition to his business interests in Knob Noster.

In 1887, E. E. Kendrick was united in marriage with Letha Shawhn, of Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Kendrick has been born one child, a son. R. E. Kendrick, who resides at home with his parents. Both Mr. and Mrs. Kendrick are members of the Baptist church, of which E. F. Kendrick is deacon. They reside on a little farm of twenty acres, located just outside of the city limits of Knob Noster, where they have a beautiful home.

In 1915, E. F. Kendrick erected a large, two story, brick garage in Knob Noster. the second floor of which is used for the city hall. This property is valued at ten thousand dollars. Mr. Kendrick is engaged in the general auto repair business and he also has the Ford agency for this district. Politically, he is afSliated with the Democratic party and he has always taken a keen interest in civic afifairs and has done his part nobly in bettering conditions and in the upbuilding of his county and state. He is one of Johnson county's most highly valued citizens.

Mrs. Lorretta (Warren) Reavis, one of Johnson county's most highlv esteemed pioneer women, was born in Lafayette county, Missouri in 1826 and when a mere child came to Johnson county with her parents, Martin and Nancy ( Hul)bard ) Warren, of \^irginia. They settled on a farm near the flourishing city of W'arrensburg. Mrs. Reavis recalls seeing the group of men looking for a location for the town, which has since developed into one of the best cities of its size in the state of Missouri. The town was named in honor of her grandfather. IMartin A\'arren.

Lorretta (\\'arren) Reavis receixed her education in the primitive schools of Johnson county, which were known as "sul^scription schools." The school lasted only a few months in the year and the older boys and girls could not always go when the school was open, for there was much work to be done at home. They could go on rainy days and when there was no work. The teacher, or "master" as he was called, sat in the middle of the room and on one side was a puncheon shelf, which was used by the larger scholars when called upon to write. Little children sat on puncheon benches and began to learn to read by saying their "a-b-c's" and the only rest from study was when the "master" called them to him to "say their lessons." The children alwavs enjoved the recess time, wandering as far as they liked just so thev kept within hearing distance, when the teacher called. "Books."

In the pioneer homes the clothing was provided as well as the food by the work of the women in the home. Mrs. Reavis, in her youth, has often watched the making of clothing from the time the flax was gathered and the wool was cut from the sheep until the garments were ready to wear. It was not always easy to provide shoes for all the family and often the little children were obliged to remain in the house in cold weather. Frequently a young lady would go to church

Among the pioneer preachers, whom Mrs. Reavis recalls, were Reverend Thomas Mulkey and Reverend Thomas McBride. There were no churches in the early days and religious services were held in the log cabin homes. Sometimes a traveling preacher would visit the settlement and then the settlers would come miles and miles to hear him preach. The pioneer preacher was a settler just like the rest. He was always welcome and even the poorest settler was glad to share all he had with him.

It was a great thing for the oUl town of Warrensburg when the early settlers began to get their mail regularly. At first, the mail was brought about twice a month by men on horseback. Sometimes the mail carriers were delayed several days on account of high water and many times the postmaster had to spread the mail out in the sun to dry. At first there were no roads on the open prairie and deer, wild turkeys, and prairie chickens abounded, but little by little life in the new country began to change.

Lorretta \\'arren was united in marriage with Jt>hn Rea\is, the son of James Reavis, an early pioneer of Missouri, who came from Kentucky. To John and Lorretta ( Warren ) Rea\is were l)orn the following children: Mrs. Mary Box. Mrs. Anna Kreb, Mrs. Etta Adams, Mrs. Alice Hunter, and Mrs. Martha Hull, with whom Mrs. Reavis now makes her home. Mr. Reavis died in 1910 and for the past seven years his widow has resided with her dauglUer. Mrs. Hull on the farm in Montserrat township.

The brave, true li\'es of the hardy. n(^ble men and women like Mr. and Mrs. Reavis have made this beautiful county possible. We could not now be enjoying the good things we think so absolutely essential had not thev lived before, worked hard, and done without much and it is a pleasure to have the white-haired pioneers still with us. There is no better thing to do in this world than to live so that other people will be happier because one has lived.

J. P. McCann, M. D., a successful physician and surgeon of Warrensburg, Missouri, was born in 1880 in Russellville, Missouri, a son of James and Mariah (Fowler) McCann, the former, a pioneer of Missouri, a native of Kentucky, who came to this state in boyhood and the latter, a daughter of James Fowler. James McCann engaged in