Davis Township (part 2 of 3)

No sooner was the white flag seen to go up from the federal intrenchments than the Missourians manifested an anxious desire to cheer. " Wait fit is said that when Becker was told that all the other officers were disabled, and he was now in chief command, he replied, " Veil, den I shtops tnis tamm foolishness poorly gwick ! " a moment, boys," said Gen. Rains, " until we ascertain if they really want to surrender, and then you may halloo all you want to." In a few minutes the situation was understood, and then there was cheering to be remembered! The confederates poured over the breastworks to make the capture complete, but, not before many of Marshall's men killed their fine cavalry horses to prevent their falling into the hands of their captors. Some of the union troops cursed Becker most bitterly. " We have surrendered - there's a white flag up," said some of Peabody's men to Ridge's company. "Who put it up?" was asked. "Becker." "D - n Becker! kill him! shoot him!" and a volley was fired at him without effect. Yet, perhaps, after all, Becker did the sensible thing; and perhaps the men who denounced him were secretly satisfied.

At five p. m., the stars and stripes over the college building were taken down and the Irish flag of green, bearing thereon the harp and the shamrock, was captured from its bearers in Mulligan's regiment. Each company in the brigade had its own flag, presented to it by friends at home, and every flag was lost. A small confederate flag captured by the home guards, when the night assault was made, was among the trophies tha the federals concealed and took away with them.

At four o'clock, p. m., on Saturday, the federal forces having laid down their arms, were marched out of the entrenchments to the tune of " Dixie," played by the bands of the state guard, while great cheers went up from Price's soldiers and their friends. That same night the Illinois troops were sworn not to take up arms against the state of Missouri, or the confederate states and were sent across the river under an escort from Rains' division to Richmond. The next day they reached Hamilton, a station on the Hannibal & St. Joseph railroad, and then took the cars for Quincy, Illinois. The next day Peabody's regiment and the home guards were turned adrift, on parole, not to take up arms again until regularly exchanged. As some of the home guards lived in Lexington, they were soon at their homes. Gen. Price gave some of them up to their wives on the day of the surrender.

After The Surrender

After the surrender the union prisoners were uniformly well treated. Gen. Rains' men especially were kind to the men whom they escorted to Richmond, slaughtering a flock of sheep for them on the way. Gen. Price and his men were also courteous and generous to the prisoners. " Old Pap " admired the pluck of Mulligan and refused to take his sword. Some of the more unprincipled of the men of Price's army, however, acted outrageously. A doctor of Lexington, named Roberts, made an assault upon Col. Marshall with a bowie-knife, and announced his intention of killing that officer, while he was a wounded prisoner -at the

As Mulligan's men marched down street on their way across the river, many citizens and some soldiers called out to them arid hooted at them, and these persons had before made the same demonstrations, and this caused Gen. Price to issue an order that the troops of Gen. Mulligan, " having fought gallantly and heroically," were not to be disturbed " by act, word or deed."

"The visible fruits" of Gen. Prices victory were the prisoners, stated by the General himself, in the exhuberance of joy over his victory, at " about 3,500 men," but amounting really to less than 2,700 of all arms; five pieces of cannon, all six-pounders; two old ineffective mortars; about 3,000 stand of arms for infantry and cavalry; nearly 600 horses; a lot of equipments, wagons, etc.; a quantity of commissary stores and some other property. The moral effect was of inestimable value to the southern cause. The state had been pronounced out of the union by Gov. Jackson, but the legislature had not yet adopted a formal act of secession.* The result at Lexington prepared the minds of vast numbers of people for secession, strenghtened the weak and encouraged the faint-hearted in the cause, and made many a soldier for the confederate army. Many a man in this part of Missouri when he heard of Mullian's capture avowed himself a "secessionist all the time!" And many a man who had concluded to enroll himself as a union man, thought better of it, and became in a confederate.

The loss of Lexington was a very severe one for the federals. Fremont was greatly exercised over the matter. He had trusted to Gen. Jeff. C. Davis at Jefferson City, and to Gen. Pope and Sturgis to re-enforce Mulligan, and was totally surprised when ^he heard of the latter's surrender, two days after it occurred. He instantly put his troops in motion to try and retrieve the disaster.

The Hemp-Bale Strategy

The use of hemp-bales by Gen. Price's army for movable breastworks, at the battle of Lexington, is a matter that has been a source of dispute and controversy - first, as to who is entitled to the honor of first suggesting it; secondly, as to whether the bales were wetted or not; thirdly, as to whether they caused the final surrender or not. There are different claimants of the original idea or first suggestion of it, as we show hereafter. The official reports, which we have fished up out of dusty oblivion, show

*It was at Lexington, September 26, 1861, that Gov. Jackson issued his proclamation, calling the legislature to meet at Neosho, on the 21st of October; 39 representatives and 10 senators responded to the call, as officially stated by Col. Isaac N. Shambaugh of DeKalb county. And although having far short of a lawful quorum, an act of secession was formally passed by this body and members elected to the confederate congress at Richmond.

that the bales, or at least a considerable number of them, were wetted, and also that they were the immediate cause of the white flag being raised by Maj. Becker on the Federal earthworks, for their most formidable and overwhelming approach was in^front and to the right and left of his command.

Pollard in his history, "The Lost Cause," p. 165 says: "Gen. Price caused a number of hemp bales to be transported to the river heights, "etc.

Bevierin his history, " The Confederate First and Second Missouri Brigades," p. 306, says: " After much consultation, Gen. Harris hit upon a happy plan. * * A large quantity of hemp bales," etc.

"As to the hemp-bale strategy, I shall claim the honor of that until a better title is presented. Immediately after I was wounded,* when visited by Gen. McBride and Gov. Jackson, I told them both to use the hemp bales, and to suggest the use of them to Gen. Price. But as some one else might have thought of the same thing at the same time, and as the ball that tore my shoulder to pieces knocked all the love of military glory out of me, you have my permission to give this honor and glory to any one who claims it. E. T. Wingo,

Capt. J. C. Jamison, who commanded Co. D in Lieut.-Col. Hull's battalion, writes from Louisiana, Missouri, July 25, 1881: " My impression now is that Gen. Martin Greene was the originator of the hemp bale portable fortification."

Col. N. P. Minor, of same place and date as above, writes: " Of the hemp bale strategy I know nothing as to the author; but it was successful; and as Gen. Price was full of hard horse sense, I presume he originated it."

And now comes another claimant with strong backing. Col. C. W. Bell, who was adjutant of Gen. John B. Clark's third division, Missouri State guards [at that time in command of Col. Congreve Jackson] writes us from Brunswick, Missouri, August 4, 1881: "The night after the arrival of Gen. Price with his forces at Lexington, Col. M. G. Singleton, of Boone county, being then in command of a regiment in Gen. Clarke's brigade, informed me that he had with certainty learned of the warehouses at Lexington being full of hemp bales, and this fact had suggested to him the advantageous use of the hemp bales as portable breastworks in assaulting the fortifications of the enemy. At the request of Col. Singleton I that night gave his suggestions and plan for using the hemp bales to

*Col. Wingo was in Gen. J. H. McBride's brigade, and was shot through the shoulder in the first day's tight or preliminary skirmish, Sept. 12th, on the southeastern outskirts of Lexington City, near trie Macpelah cemetery. This was about seven days before any hemp bales were actually used. - Historian.

Gen. Price, who readily saw the value of the suggestions, and that night issued orders for the collection and preparation of the hemp bales. This was the first suggestion which was made to Gen. Price, as he then informed me. Severe illness of Col. S. prevented him from participating in the engagement at all; but his hemp bale portable strategy, under the immediate command of the gallant Gen. Harris, Col. Rives, and other brave and skillful officers and soldiers, was beyond doubt of incalculable advantage in winning the brilliant victory of Lexington. At the solicitation of the friends of Col. Singleton, and a desire on my part to vindicate the truth of history, this communication has been made to you. Whatever honor may attach to the originating of the hemp bale strategy, that honor is due to Col. Singleton, who in my presence received the thanks of that noble old hero, Gen. Price, for having made the suggestion.

C. W. Bell, Former Adjt.-Gen. of Gen. "jf. B. Clarke's Div. Mo. State Guards. In addition to the above, we have a letter written at St. Louis, August 24, 1881, by Capt. F. B. Fulem wider, who commanded a company in Col. Singleton's regiment, and to whom the letter is addressed, in which he says: " In reference to the hemp bale strategy, I will say I have a distinct remembrance that you told me at the time the fight at Lexington was going on, that you suggested it to Col. Bell, and he for you to Gen. Price. I have no doubt, from my remembrance of all the facts at the time of the fight, that you are justly entitled to the honor of the hemp bale movement."

Thus it will be seen that Col. Singleton's claim seems to be best authenticated, while Col. Wingo's, according to the dates given, was the first hemp-bale suggestion, in point of time, but does not appear to have ever reached Gen. Price at all. And the foregoing citations serve well to show how very difficult it is to obtain authentic and reliable information. A good historian has to be sheriff", prosecuting attorney, defendant's counsel, judge and jury, all within himself, before he can thoroughly gather and properly analyze the testimony and the facts, and sift out the bottom truth of the whole matter. And that is what we have done with regard to disputed points concerning the battle of Lexington.

In Gen. Harris' official report to Gen. Price, after the battle, he says: " I directed Capt. Geo. A. Turner, of my staff, to request of you 132 bales of hemp, which you promptly accorded. * * I directed the bales to be wet in the river to protect them against the casualties of fire of our troops and of the enemy. But it was soon found that the wetting so materially increased the weight as to prevent our men in their exhausted condition from rolling it to the crest of the hill; I then adopted the idea of wetting the hemp after it had been transported to its position. In the arduous and extremely trying duty of transporting the hemp, I cannot neglect to recognize the action and cordial co-operation of the commands of Colonels Rives and Hughs, Majors Winston and Thornton, Captains Mitchell, Grooms and Spratt, and- Adjutant Fleury, of Gen'l Stein's division, Major Peaches, of Gen. Clark's division, and Major Welton, and officers and men of Gen. McBride's division. * * At 8 o'clock a.m., on the 20th inst., I ordered up additional hemp bales to extend the defences at the position occupied by Col. Green and Lieut. Cols. Hull and Brace. I directed them to be used as portable breastworks, to be pushed forward towards the enemy's lines in parallel approaches. The disclosure of the htmp defences or approaches as they might be called, elicited the obstinate resentment of the enemy, who was profuse in his bestowals of round and grape shot, and was not at all economical of his minnie balls. But our men, gallantly led by their officers, continued to approach the enemy, pouring in upon him a most destructive fire until about 2 o'clock, p. m., when he surrendered."

" On the morning of the 19th, we rose from our 'bivouac' upon the hills to renew the attack. This day we continued the fighting vigorously all day, holding possession of the hospital buildings, and throwing large wings from both sides of the house, built up of bales of hemp saturated with water, to keep them from taking fire. These portable hemp bales were extended, like the wings of a partridge net, so as to cover and protect several hundred men at a time, and a most terrible and galling and deadly fire was kept up from them upon the works of the enemy by my men. I divided my forces into reliefs and kept some 300 of them pouring in a heavy fire incessantly upon the enemy, supplying the places of the weary with fresh troops. On the night of the 19th we enlarged and advanced our defensive works very near to- the enemy's entrenchments, and at day break opened upon their line with most fatal effect. During the night we captured several of the enemy who were seeking for water, outside the fortifications. Some thirty of the enemy were killed by the men under my command, in their effort to procure water at the hospital well and spring near by."

The Lexington Bank'S War Money

Upon the capture of Mulligan the coin and currency taken from the Lexington bank were anxiously inquired after. As before stated, the money had been buried under Col. Mulligan's tent in the fort. [See article headed "Federal Seizure of the Lexington Bank."] It was resurrected and every dollar of the gold delivered up to Gen. Price. Upon taking up the currency, which had been placed in tin boxes or cases and sealed, one of the boxes designated as "No. 3," was found to have been cut open, "as if a sword, or bowie-knife, or hatchet had been used," the report says, and $15,000 in notes of the bank was missing. A memorandum was made of the fact, now on file in the bank of Wentworth & Morrison. Upon representations of all the facts in the ease to Gov. Jackson and Gen. Price they ordered all the money, gold and paper, to be returned to the bank, but in a few days made a demand upon the bank for a portion of the gold themselves.

In the previous March the legislature of Missouri had passed an act for the relief of certain banks of the State, which was in effect to allow of their suspension, conditioned upon their loaning to the State on its bonds a certain portion of their funds. These bonds were to be issued by the treasurer and signed by the secretary of State and the governor. At the time of the capture of Lexington the State convention of Missouri had met at Jefferson City, deposed Gov Jackson, Lieut. Gov. Reynolds, and secretary Massey, and installed in their places, Hamilton R. Gamble, Willard P. Hall, and Mordecai Oliver.

Gentlemen: - From the inability of the treasurer of State (caused by his arrest by the troops of the Federal army in this State) to make the proper demand of your bank for the money due by the bank to the State, I, Claiborne F. Jackson, governor of the State of Missouri, do hereby demand of your bank the amount of money due by the bank to the State, for and on account of the State, and, if not granted, I am prepared to enforce the demand.

As the money so demanded was in gold amounting to $37,377, and as it seemed probable that none of it would ever be restored, the bank made the following protest:

* * * "To which said demand, and the compliance of this board therewith, this board do here -protest - as well against the compliance therewith as against the right of the said C. F.Jackson to demand the same; but, being satisfied that said demand will be enforced by military power, it is deemed advisable to comply with said demand. Thereupon it is ordered by the board that the cashier pay to said C. F. Jackson the sum of $37,377.20, the amount which the back is required to loan the State of Missouri, and that he take said Jackson's receipt therefor together with his agreement to furnish this bank the bonds of the State of Missouri therefor.

And so the sum named, $37, 377.20, in good gold dollars, passed from the bank into Gov. Jackson's State treasury, and, of course, not one dollar of it ever was returned. The bank charged the amount up to profit and loss (or to patriotism !) and so the account stands to this day.

A report gained much credence that the money stolen by Mulligan's men was in gold coin amounting to many thousands of dollars, and that it was buried in a certain portion of the fortifications, and not a dollar ever returned. This led to many secret searches for the hidden treasure by divers covetous and credulous persons, whose search and efforts were, it is needless to say, fruitless. Long after the war a man came all the way from Kentucky to dig for the buried "gold," which he had been informed had been buried so many feet from a certain hackberry tree.

Gen. Sturgis' March For Lexington

Gen. Fremont ordered Gen. Pope to re-inforce Mulligan at Lexington, and Pope telegraphed him from Palmyra on the 16th, that he had sent two full regiments of infantry, four pieces of artillery and 150 cavalry, which would reach Lexington Sept. 18th. (See article headed " The Blue Mills Rencontre.") Also that he had sent forward two Ohio regiments which would reach there on the 19th; this latter was Gen. Sturgis' command.

Sturgis was stationed at Macon City, on the Hannibal and St Joe railroad, where he received Gen. Pope's order on Monday, Sept. 16th, to take two regiments and march to the relief of Lexington. On Tuesday he arrived by rail at Utica, in Livingston county, about forty-five miles by w,agon road from Lexington. He had nine companies of the 27th Ohio volunteer infantry, under Col. Fuller, and five companies of the 39th Ohio - about eleven hundred men in all, but no artillery or cavalry. He had considerable difficulty in getting horses and wagons to carry their camp equippage, ammunition and rations, but succeeded in getting under way and camping ten miles south of Utica that night, while he sent a messenger forward with a note for Mulligan sewed inside of his coat lining. This messenger was captured Wednesday b}'" bushwhackers, as a suspicious character, and sent that night to Gen. Price, at Lexington, where he was rigidly searched, and the note to Mulligan being found, he was lodged in the jail. Thursday morning Gen. Price issued orders to meet the case, which are explained by Gen. Parsons' official report, wherein he says:

On the next morning, Thursday, Sept. 19th, I received your order to march with my whole division to the river. On arriving at the bank I ascertained that it was your desire that I should cross the river with a force of 3,000 men to repel the reinforcements of the enemy advancing from that quarter. After crossing over I ascertained that the enemy had heard of my approach and retired in confusion, leaving two hundred of their tents upon the road."

division, also crossed the river that morning, Sept. 19th, to "resist the advance of reinforcements for the enemy under command of Gen. Sturgis."

Let us now return to Gen. Sturgis. Wednesday morning he pushed on, and during the day frequently heard the cannonading at Lexington. His men were all new recruits, had never heard the whiz of a hostile bullet, and this was their first march; the day was extremely warm, and many of them fagged out, so that when night came they had only marched twenty miles, being now within fifteen miles of Lexington, where they could plainly hear the roar of cannon; and at the very moment when Sturgis was fondly dreaming that his messenger had reached Mulligan and given good cheer to the beseiged, Gen. Price was ripping open that messenger's coat and finding the tell-tale missive intended for his federal opponent. Thursday morning Sturgis' men were roused up at 1 o'clock to snatch their coffee and hard-tack, and prepare to march. He ordered the tents and all dispensible baggage to be left at a house on the roadside and the wagons thus released to be used for carrying those who could not march and carry their heavy musket and knapsacks, so that the whole command might push on as rapidly as possible toward Lexington. When he had got into Ray county and within about five miles of Lexington, he learned for the first time how matters stood there - that Mulligan was surrounded, his water supply cut off, his boats all captured, and 3000 troops thrown across the river to intercept and capture these 1,100 raw reinforcements. As soon as Sturgis could satisfy himself that he was correctly informed, at least as to the main facts, he immediately retreated by way of Richmond to Liberty Landing, thence by steamboat to Fort Leavenworth. Meanwhile Gen. Parsons re-crossed the river with his command in time to take part in the continuous fighting kept up that afternoon.

Battle Items

A careful reckoning of the killed and wounded mentioned in the official reports of nine different Confederate officers gives a total of 38 killed and 150 wounded.* This is supposed to have included only those who were enrolled as soldiers, and whose absences were thus accounted for at rollcall. The number of killed and wounded among the thousands who took part in this battle but were not enlisted soldiers, can never be ascertained; but there is no reason to doubt that the killed and wounded among this class were quite as many as among the enrolled men.

On the Federal side, of course they were broken up and scattered so that they never had a chance to made out any roll-call reports. Their loss is given in the histories at 40 killed, and 120 wounded, which is prob-

* Gen. Price's official report said 25 killed and 75 wounded; but additional reports of his officers came in after his report was written - and Mr. Allen printed them all at the old Lexington Exprets office.

ably not far from correct, as they knew just how many they had under Mulligan's command, and the Confederates kept a reckoning of the number of prisoners paroled. The Federal dead were buried within their earthworks; but the bodies were afterward dug up and removed to the National cemetery at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.

The number of cannon employed on each side has been a question of dispute. As nearly as we can make out from the various official reports, the Confederates had

Pinter's battery* with two iron six-pounders; one of these had been brought here from the U. S. arsenal at Liberty, by H. M. Bledsoe and Curtis Wallace. (See article headed " The First Troops Raised.") The other was one of the two six-pounders which had been cast at Morrison's foundry, its companion piece being at this time with Bledsoe's battery on the Confederate side. (See article headed " Lafayette Men's First Battle.") Pirner who also had two brass mortars, for throwing 6-inch spherical shells. For these he had forty shells, which were soon disposed of, and then the mortars were " played out."

All the cannon balls they had were what Lieut. McNulty, an iron moulder who was in Marshall's cavalry regiment, had made at Morrison's foundry .f The supply was short, and the men took pains every day to collect all the Confederate cannon balls which lodged anywhere within the earthworks, and the cannoneers would shoot them back again, for they had plenty of powder. Twenty-eight Confederate balls were thus collected and shot back during one day. The artillerymen made their own cartridges by hand at night.

E. Winsor, Esq., now has in his office a large, heavy iron safe which stood in the back part (north) of a business house on Main street during the battle; and a cannon ball from the Federal fort plunged through two walls of the safe, although its iron platings were f of an inch thick, inter-

*In his speech at Detroit, Nov. 29, Col. Mulligan said: "The men made cartridges in the cellar of the college building, and cast 150 rounds of shot for the guns at the foundries of Lexington ."

bedded with asbestos. And Mr. Winsor's residence was struck with a cannon ball, which passed through the back door and through the basement floor into the ground.

One of Mulligan's men wrote to a Chicago paper: " Of the ladies of Lexington it is to be said in their praise that they did everything in their power to relieve the sufferings of our wounded, many of whom, who were unabled to be moved, they received into their houses." He also writes that Gov. Jackson made a speech to the prisoners: "He said wre had no business in Missouri; that he would take care of that state, without our assistance, and that we had better go home and mind our own business." He says Gen. Price said to them, " you were the hardest troops to capture I have ever seen." Indeed, the Federal soldiers came to have a great admiration for "old Pap " Price, and his men did also for Mulligan. (See under Events of 1864. - " Ladies Union Aid Society.")

During the siege some of the Confederates went into the great beer vault known as " Baehr's Cave," on Franklin street, tapped some of the gigantic casks or tanks of beer stored away there in the cool darkness under ground to "ripen; " they drank all they wanted and then went out, leaving the beer still running. But one fellow, who hadn't got enough yet, lingered behind, and probably got obliviously drunk and laid down, for he was afterwards found lying in the bottom of the vault with beer a foot deep over him - drowned in the flood of beer.

Poetry On The Lexington Battle

A few weeks after the battle of Lexington the New York Evening- Post, edited by our great x\merican poet, Wm. Cullen Bryant, contained a literary effusion which we here quote :

" The following lines were written by a lady of Stockbridge, Conn., and commemorate an incident very touching and beautiful, which rests upon the best authority, and which ought to be known. Col. Mulligan refused his parole at Lexington, and his wife resolved to share his captivity. Accordingly she left her infant, fourteen months old, in the care of one of the strongest secessionist women in the town. That woman assumed the charge of the little child, and dressed it in the captured American flag. (?)

"Thy father yields his post and sword, But rebels shall not have his 'word'; In prison rather ling'ring lie, Than yield the right to fight and die.

" To pine in loathesome, poisoned air, To dwell in dungeon damp and bare, Oh ! better far for thee, my blest, Beneath the daisy turf to rest."

The words her lips are scarcely past When round her, arms are kindly cast; A foeman's wife with pitying face, The mother and the child embrace.

With glowing cheek, with brimming eyes, u Give me thy son ! " she earnest cries, " And haste thee! for the moments press - They spare thee but a brief caress! "

She's gone, and other care shall shield The all-unconcious, happy child; Who laughs when glittering foemen come, And shouts at roll of hostile drum.

But still his friend with instinct true Has robed him in his red and blue! And - mantle fit ! - has o'er him thrown The Jiag 'neath which the boy was born!

It seems a pity to spoil so much poetry and fine sentiment; but the fact is, that " fettered cherub, " " thee, my boy, " etc., wasn't a boy at all, but a nice little girl baby all the time; and she is now Miss Marion Mulligan, of Chicago, one of the staff writers for the Chicago Times. Mrs. Dr. Boulware says that " dressing it in the captured American flag " was not true ; but Mrs. Hunter did trim the child's dress so as to show red, white and blue colors. The little girl was then about two years old.

Col. Mulligan, after his release, reorganized his regiment and was sent east, where he took part in several battles or skirmishes in western and northern Virginia. July 24th, 1864, he was wounded at the battle of Kernstown, near Winchester, and died of his wounds two days thereafter. Mulligan was born in Utica, N. Y., June 26th, 1830. His wife's brother, Lieut. James H. Nugent, was killed while carrying him off the

When Gen. Price marched south with his army after the battle of Lexington he left a small force to hold the place and guard the prisoners. On the morning of October 16, (1861), a force of 220 union cavalry called, "First squadron prairie scouts," under command of Maj. Frank J. White, dashed into Lexington, and held possession of it thirty-six hours. They released Col. White, Col. Grover, and twelve other wounded union prisoners, and sent them on the steamboat "Sioux City" to St. Louis. [Another account says it was the steam boat "Florence" [?.)] Maj. White's official report says: "We made from sixty to seventy prisoners; took sixty stand of arms, twenty-five horses, two steam ferry boats, a quantity of flour and provisions, a large rebel flag, and other articles of less value. * * After administering the oath of allegiance to our prisoners we released them."

Some historical items of capture were, Gen. Price's ambulance, Col. Mulligan's saddle, and the old national flag which belonged to the state house at Jefferson City, but had been taken to Lexington by Gov. Jackson. These troops then left the place and went to Warrensburg, and the confederates again took possession of Lexington.

Before Gen. Price's arrival in the vicinity, [Oct. 1864J Lexington had been occupied by Capt. Geo. S. Rathbern, leading a large party of officers, sent by Gen. Shelby, from Sulphur Rock, Arkansas, on recruiting service. Capt. Rathbern took quiet possession, issued proclamation assuring to the citizens, protection, and during his administration of affairs used every exer- tion to quiet the people, and was earnest and strenuous in his efforts to preserve life and property. The advance of Lane's forces [federal] obliged him to retreat, and he rejoined his regiment to render as important services in the field as he had rendered to his fellow citizens of Lafayette county. Lexington held out many fair hands and offered many faces rarer than others are, inviting the army to linger about its hospitable mansions and its garnered delicacies; but a stronger power than love of pleasure urged Gen. Price forward - it was not physical but moral fear.

Again, page 423; "So close were the federals to the rear of Gen. Price's army after it left Lexington, about 12 o'clock the day following the night of its capture, that when some of Shelby's soldiers crossed there from the opposite side (absent on recruiting service) they were picked up by the advance of the enemy holding the city. Capt. W. Moorman, Tyler Floyd, and Ed. Stafford fell into their hands here. With Capt. Moorman's party were taken six other confederates who were dressed in blue clothing. Rosecrans' general order required their death, and they were taken out and instantly killed."

Edwards says on page 418, previous to the above: "Gen. Lane coming down from Leavenworth, had occupied Lexington in force, with every indication of giving battle." Gen. Pleasanton had organized a large force of federal cavalry to pursue Price, and in his official report* Pleasanton says: "I assumed the command of this army, and by forced marches (from Jefferson City), came to Lexington on the 21st of October, out of which place Price had driven Gen. Curtis' troops, under Gen. Blunt, that morning. I pushed on the next day to the Little Blue, engaged Price's troops, captured two pieces of cannon and drove them back to the Big Blue, through Independence."

Confederate Batteries And Other Troops

This was originally a Lafayette county organization, and therefore a sketch of its history properly belongs in this history of Lafayette county, The battery was organized at Lexington, about the middle of June, 18(51. in response to Gov. C. F. Jackson's proclamation calling out 50,000 state militia. The officers then were: Hiram M. Bledsoe, captain; Curtis O. Wallace, 1st lieutenant; Charles Higgins, 2d lieutenant; Frank S. Trigg, 3d lieutenant. The names of other members of the battery at this time, we have not been able to ascertain.

At first they only had two guns; one was " old Sacramento," the gun which Col. Doniphan had captured from the Mexicans at Sacramento in 1846, originally a nine-pounder, but now bored out to a twelve-pounder.

History Of Lafayette Count V.

(See article headed " Lafayette Men's First Battle.") The other one was an iron six-pounder, one of the two that had been cast at Morrison's foundry. A brass six-pounder from Independence was afterwards added to the battery. But during the course of the war Bledsoe's battery lost, captured, exploded and wore out guns, so that first and last it had in use every kind of gun known to modern artillery service - howitzers, parrotts, Rodmans, Napoleons, - brass, iron, steel amalgum ; rifled and smoothe bores.

The battery was engaged, under its original commander, Capt. Bledsoe, of Lexington, in the battles of Springfield or Wilson's Creek, Elkhorn, Dry Fork, Lexington, Carthage, Corinth, Iuka, Franklin, Nashville, Chicamauga, Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, Ringgold Gap, Resaca, Kenesaw Mountain, Chickasaw Bayou, Vicksburg, Port Hudson, Jackson, Mississippi; Atlantic, Columbia. Owing to the uniform success and skill with which this battery was managed, and the fact that it retained the same name and commander from the first battle in Missouri to the final close of the war, there was probably no artillery command on either side, which won so wide a fame as " Bledsoe's battery."

At Battle of Wilson's Creek it had 40 men engaged. David Morris was killed. Wm. Young, of Lexington, had left arm shot off at shoulder, and right hand, all except the thumb and forefinger. H. P. Anderson shot in face and breast. Horses nearly all killed.

At Carthage, Charles Wallace, Lieut. Higgins and Thomas Bratton were wounded, besides eight others, names not learned. Seven of the battery horses were killed.

At Dry Fork Capt. Bledsoe himself was severly wounded, but recovered sufficiently to reach Lexington and take command of his battery in the last day's fight there.

Several years ago a consecutive sketch of the different actions engaged in by this battery, was written by W. B. Steel, Esq., for six years past the efficient and popular county clerk. From this document, still in manuscript, we copy a few stirring incidents. In September, 1862, while the confederates were marching south from Iuka, and being pursued and annoyed by the federal cavalry, the narrative says:

Our guns [Bledsoe's battery], were placed in line by the side of the road; the 2d Texas regiment formed on us and in line between our guns; the balance of the brigade [Gen. Price's], were formed to our right and left, and to our rear. Our cavalry had formed on a ridge some 200 yards in our rear. The enemy were seen forming in our front about 200 yards off; they seemed to be observing our cavalry, and took no notice of us. We waited until about 500 or 600 had gotten in line, when we opened with our battery and that of the 2d Texas; we fired very rapidly for a few minutes, and greatly surprised the Texans by the rapidity with which we could fire, for we fired six rounds while they only got in two. This had a good effect; it stopped the enemy from any further annoyance and caused our trains to move up. See Gen. Maury's report of battle of Iuka, to Gen. Price. Also Bevier's "Confederate Brigades," page 135.

At the battle of Resaca, second day, the narrative says: When the sun was fairly up, the enemy made his appearance, and our battery was the first to welcome them. We had hardly fired the second round when the enemy's batteries to our left opened on us; we at once turned on them, when suddenly twenty or thirty rifled guns at long range poured their fire upon us, and it looked as if the whole earth would be torn up. We kept up our firing on those batteries that were within range until about 2 o'clock p. m., when one of the enemy's balls from a rifled gun struck the right wheel of our left gun about middle way, going through the tire and hub, which at once dismounted our gun and she fell to the ground; out of nine cannoneers seven were wounded, and but two left to mount the gun. It was hardly a minute, however, before she was remounted and again engaged with the enemy.

The enemy came out above Nashville on our left, in strong force, and succeeded in breaking our lines. Our division was ordered to reinforce the left, but the artillery was ordered to remain on the right to defend that part of the line, should the enemy advance. While the fight was progressing on the left, and we were on a high elevation anxiously gazing on the scene, some one called, "Look, look, here they come!" "To guns, "to guns!" was the order. We were at once ready for action, and Captain Bledsoe gave orders to hold fire - not to fire until the enemy were within twenty paces. Captain B. had his own battery, besides Capt. Goldthwait's and Capt. Beauregard's, making twelve Napoleon guns. Our guns were double charged with canister, awaiting the near approach of the enemy. Soon we discovered a line of battle - colored troops advancing on us through a blue grass pasture, and behind them a line of white soldiers. We held fire until they were close, when it seemed that every gun was fired at the same time, which created great confusion and panic with the enemy. We fired as fast as we could; the enemy were fleeing in the greatest disorder; we kept up the fire until they were out of sight. We found the field strewn with dead and wounded in our front; one of our men counted sixteen federal soldiers touching each other, so close were the dead lying.

The Second Missouri Artillery

originally known as "Clarke's"; af cerward as -' King's "and toward the close of the war as " Ferris' Battery," consisted originally of four guns - two six pounder field pieces, and two twelve pounder howitzers, organized by Capt. Clark, under the authority of Gen. Price, for the Missouri State Guard. In December, 1861, when the state guards disbanded, Clark, who held a captain's commission in the confederate army, recruited a company for "three years or the war," retaining the same guns. It was then known as " Clarke's Battery," or the " 2nd Missouri Artillery," and attached to the First Missouri Brigade. At the battle of Elkhorn, Capt. Clarke was killed while the battery was gallantly sustaining a heavy fire from the federal artillery. The officers and men were favorably mentioned by Gen. Little in his official report of the battle. At Memphis, Tenn., First Lieut. Houston King, was elected captain and the battery was afterwards known as "Kings Battery." It did good service at the battles of Iuka and Corinth. In 1863, it was ordered to report to Gen. Earl Van Dorn, commanding cavalry division, at Okolona, Miss. At this time the battery consisted of two twelve pounder howitzers, confederate make, and two three-inch brass rifles, federal trophies. Each carriage was drawn by eight horses and the cannnoneers were all mounted and drilled to maneuver with cavalry. At the battle of Thompson's Station, near Spring Hill, in Tenn., this battery was especially commended by Gen. Van Dorn in his official report, the following account of which is given by Capt. Jo. A. Wilson, who was then sergeant of the company:

"The fight lasted three or four hours, a portion of the time in a blinding snow storm. The enemy being strongly posted on a wooded hill, repulsed our cavalry several times, although the attack was made with vigor and determination. * * * Just when it seemed as if we would have to retire and give up the field, we heard the order, ' Limber to the front!' 'Cannoneers mount!' 'Forward, gallop, march!' Away we went up the turnpike through a shower of balls, right at the enemy's line. When within one hundred yards of the enemy, the guns were rapidly unlimbered and a destructive fire of cannister was poured into the dense mass of infantry, driving them back in disorder. The advantage gained was quickly followed up and the surrender of the entire force of federal infantry was the result."

In the federal account of this engagement, taken from Harper's Weekly of March 21, 1863, mention is made particularly of the " heavy fire " of this battery.

In the fall of 1803, twenty men and a ten pounder parrot gun from an Arkansas battery were attached to this company. The parrot gun took the place ot one of the howitzers which burst from overloading during a fight with federal gun-boats on the Tennessee river. Sergeant Tucker, chief of this piece was killed near Marietta, Ga., June 19, 1864. From this time until the close of the war, this battery was in almost constant service, engaged principally in harrassing Sherman on his march to the sea. In April, 1865, it surrendered to Gen. Canby at Gainesville, Alabama. In a little less than four years this company had marched over nine thousand miles, traveled by rail and steamer over twelve hundred miles, took part in over sixty engagements and fired about fifteen thousand rounds of ammunition. From first to last it had on its muster roll, about 150 men, the average number belonging being from 80 to 100. Following is a list of the members who went from this county, with a record of their present place of residence and occupation as far as can be ascertained: was organized in April, 1862, in Arkansas, and was made up largely of Lafayette county men. It became the especial pet of Gen. Joe Shelby and his cavalry brigade, and played an important part in some of the most dashing and brilliant exploits of that very remarkable command. It was this battery which made the celebrated capture of the federal iron-clad gunboat £>iieen City, and blew her up at Clarendon, Arkansas. The battery comprised four splendid guns, nearly or quite all trophies of their own capture; the organization had 87 men, rank and file, of whom 21 were killed and 29 wounded. One of its novel and romantic features was a pet black bear, which the men kept with them through many marches and battles. It is said that these guns were first commanded by Joseph Bledsoe, a brother of Hiram Bledsoe of battery fame; but the only list of officers we found which seemed to be authentic, was, Capt. R. A. Collins; Sen. lst-Lieut., J. D. Connor; Jr. 1st Lt., D. M. Harris; Sen. 2d Lt., C. T. Smith; Jr. 2d Lt., J. E. Inglehart. Lieut. Connor is the present county recorder. He made all reasonable effort to procure a full list of the Lafayette county men in this command, but could not obtain it. Their pet bear's name was " Postlewait."

This last man was killed by the enemy while on detached service with Col. Brook's cavalry. Except this, there are no other cases of either killing or wounding of a Lafayette county man in this battery.

Partly From Lexington

A portion of Company A., of Col. Bowman's regiment of Missouri State Guards was from Lafayette county. They served in Gen. Wightman's brigade, Raines' Division, under Gen. Price, and were in the battles of Carthage, Wilson's Creek, Lexington, Pea Ridge, and others. Lieut. Venable, of Lexington, has furnished us the following list of those from this county, and date of death of those now deceased as far as known: Capt. Joseph Moreland (died since the war), First Lieut. Yandell Blackwell (died in Mexico), Second Lieut. George P. Venable, Third Lieut. Charles H. Anderson. The enlisted men are: John N. Edwards, Charles Jones, Ezekiel Newman, William B. Hamlett, William Shepard, William Barnes, Paul Baker, James Baker (died since the war), Jerry Bair, Richard Janes, Bal. Crump, A. Persinger, Henry Clawson (died in California), John C. Campbell (died in St. Louis, 1866), A O. Persinger, Burris Carroll, H. Rice, Ike Persinger, James Crump, Harvey Persinger, Hunter Ben Jenkins, Robert Hunter (died 1862), Col. John P. Bowman, died after the battle of Pea Ridge, and was buried at Van Buren, Arkansas; Gen. Weightman died of wounds received at the battle of Wilson's Creek.

Confederate Soldiers' Record

The great majority of these personal records of soldier life were made one at a time, from all parts of the county, through a period of four months; and it has been impossible to arrange them in systematic order by regiments and companies. We print each record just as it was furnished by the man himself or some friend for him. There were so many of "Shelby's Men" that we have kept them in a body together as well as we could; also Col. Gordon's cavalry; the rest had to be thrown together haphazard, in order as received.

y. W. Bledsoe, Shelby's command, enlisted in 1863. Engaged in the battles of Mark's Mills, Camden, Little Rock, Westport, Newtonia, Ft. Scott, etc., of Price's last raid. Discharged 1865.

B. Corder, Shelby's command, enlisted August, 1862, as sergeant, engaged in the battle of Coon's Creek, and in all the battles of the command to the end of the war. Discharged in 1865.

Bush Hinson, private, Shelby's command; enlisted in 1862. In battles of Carthage and Wilson's Creek, and was killed, August, 1862, near Calhoun, in Henry county, Missouri, by federal soldiers stationed there.

E. B. Starke, private ; enlisted in Shelby's command, 1864, and engaged in all the battles of Price's raid - Lexington, Westport, etc. Discharged in June, 1865.

W. T. Starke, private, Shelby's command; enlisted in 1862. At Lexington, Pea Ridge, Wilson's Creek, Newtonia, and all the battles of the command.

C. H. P. Catron, corporal, afterward lieutenant, Shelby's command; enlisted June. 1862. In the battles of Carthage, Wilson's Creek, Lexington, Coon Creek, Springfield, Hartville, Cape Girardeau, Little Rock, etc., and in all the battles of Price's final raid. Discharged in 1865.

C. W. Cove, corporal, Shelby's command; enlisted in August, 1862. In the battles of Coon Creek, Newtonia, Prairie Grove, etc. He was lost between Van Buren and Clarksville, Arkansas - supposed to have died of yellow fever.

Thomas McCormack, private in Shelby's command; enlisted in 1861. In battles of Pea Ridge, Prairie Grove, Cape Girardeau, Lexington, etc. Wounded at Cape Girardeau. Discharged in 1863.

B. F. Wood, second lieutenant, Shelby's command; enlisted in 1862. In battles of Rock Creek, Lexington, Springfield, Hartsville, Cape Girardeau, Helena, Little Rock, Marshall, etc. Discharged in 1864.

Geo. A. Campbell, private, Shelby's command; enlisted in August, 1862. Was in the battles of Columbus, Prairie Grove, Gaines' Landing, Osage, Mine Creek, and Newtonia, where he was wounded and captured, 1864; and discharged at close of the war.

Sterling Powers, private, Shelby's command; enlisted in the fall of 1862. Battles: Ft. Scott, Newtonia, and all the battles of the Last Raid. Discharged in 1865.

yames P. Proctor, private, Shelby's command; enlisted in 1862. Battles: Newtonia, Oak Grove, Cape Girardeau, etc. Was taken prisoner while sick, near Lexington, and confined sixteen months. Paid $100 to Gov. King for his release, as did others.

yohn F. Eagan, private, Shelby's command; enlisted in 1862. Was in the battles of Lone Jack, Cane Hill, Little Rock, Prairie Grove, Cape Girardeau, Helena, Marshall, etc. Captured near Chapel Hill, but escaped.

yoe Hann, private, Shelby's command; enlisted in 1861. In the battles of Lone Jack, Newtonia, Springfield, and all the battles of the command. Discharged in 1865.

Alex. Wilkinson, commissary sergeant, Shelby's command; enlisted in August, 1862. In all the battles of the command, except Helena and Cape Girardeau. Discharged in 1865.

William T. Tracy, private; enlisted in 1862, in Gordon's regiment, company G. Was in nearly all of Shelby's battles and fights, and once bruised by a spent ball, in Arkansas. Was captured at home, in the night, and shot early the next morning, by the soldiers, five steps off; but the heavy padding of his coat saved his life - was only wounded. Surrendered in 1865.

yohn Tyler, yr., private; enlised in 1862, in Trent's company, Elliott's regiment. Taken prisoner at home, in the fall of 1862; kept eight weeks, and returned home.

H. T. Anderson, private; enlisted in 1861, in Capt. Collin's battery, under Shelby. Battles: Pea Ridge, Helena, Cape Girardeau, Prairie Grove, Newtonia, Newport, etc. Surrendered in 1865.

William H. Lewis, private, enlisted 1861. Was in most of Price's battles and those during Shelby's raid in 1863, and Prices raid in 1864, until his capture. He was taken prisoner at the house of Mr. Alferd Lewis, his father, in the fall of 1864, and died in December, 1864, from the measles.

Thomas. Porter, enlisted in August, 1862, in Shelby's regiment, Elliott's company. Company E, Thorp's. Was discharged June 2, 1865. Was engaged in battles at Little Blue and West Port. Returned to this county after his discharge.

Francis M. Ramey, private, Co. C, enlisted 1861, under Capt. Geo. P. Gordon. Fought at Carthage, Lexincton, Wilson's Creek, and Pea Ridge. He died during the battle at Pea Ridge from typhoid fever.

yohn S. Percival, first lieutenant Co. C, Shelby's regiment; Capt. Geo. P. Gordon; enlisted Aug. 1862. Fought at Coon Creek, Newtonia, under Gen. Cooper; Prairie Grove, Springfield, Hartsville, Cape Girardeau, Helena, and Bayou Metre. He was killed at the battle of Bayou Metre, by the exploding of a shell, while commanding a company.

Wm. Rome, private, enlisted 1861, in Capt. Joseph Barnett's company, under Col. Vard Cockdel. Engaged in the battles of Lexington, Independence, Blue, West Port, and Newtonia; was with Gen. Price and Shelby through the war; surrendered personally at Houston, Texas, 1865.

Hon. yames W. Harrison, first lieutenant, enlisted 1864, in Co. C, Hunter's regiment; also served in Gen. Jackson's regiment. Engaged in the battles of Independence, Blue, West Port, Dry wood and Newtonia; surrendered at Shreveport, being in charge of the regiment.

yohn E. Corder, first lieutenant, enlisted in Co. C, Gordon's regiment, August 2, 1862, aad participated in the battles of Newtonia, Prairie Grove, Helena, Prairie de Ann, Little Rock, West Port, Marshall, Jenkin's Ferry, and Shelby's raids.

Maurice G. yacobs, private, enlisted August 15, 1862, in Shelby's command, and discharged June 2, 1865. Was quarter- master in Col. D. A. Williams' regiment, Shelby's division, Jackman's brigade.

Dr. y. B. Wood, surgeon, enlisted 1861, as surgeon of Shelby's regiment. Engaged in the battles of Lexington, Newtonia, Prairie Grove, Springfield, Huntsville, Helena, Little Rock, Jenkins Ferry, and all the raids in Missouri. Was slightly wounded by a shell at Hollowood and taken prisoner; was discharged at Shreveport, June, 1865.

Thos. M. Elsca, private, enlisted /1861, under Gen. Jo. O. Shelby. Fought at Lexington and Pea Ridge. Was taken prisoner by the rebels at the Cowskin Prairie, in 1863, and by the federals on the Ozark Prairie the same year.

George Davis, private, enlisted 1862, in Co. A, Shelby's regiment; was in the battle of Pea Ridge, where he was wounded and died at Peach Orchard Gap, Ark.

Preston Atlebery, enlisted Aug. 5, 1862, under Gen. Shelby. Was scarcely in service one year till he died at Batesville, Ark., Aug. 10, 1863.

'Joseph W. Buttner, private, enlisted under Gen. Shelby, 1861, engaged in the battles of Lone Jack, Independence, Blue, West Port, Newtonia, Pine Bluffs; took the oath at Shreveport.

J. L. Wiley, captain and major, enlisted 1861, in Shelby's brigade, engaged in the battles of Prairis Grove, Helena, Springfield, and Hoatsville, was taken prisoner at Jacksonsport, Arkansas, escaped after three days imprisonment.

Perry Cooper, private, enlisted 1861, in Collins' battery, Boomer's company, Hoy's regiment, Shelby's command; discharged May 8, 1865. Engaged in the battles of Lone Jack, Helena, Cape Girardeau, Lexington, Independance, Prairie Grove, Newtonia, and numerous skirmishes.

Geo. P. Gordon, in 1861 was captain in the state guards, in 1862 in the confederate service, in 1863 he was promoted to the rank of major, at the suggestion of Shelby, by Gen. Hindman, and in 1865 was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel, by Shelby, as division commandant; was discharged from the state service in December, 1861. going into the confederate service the August following. Fought at Carthage, Wilson's creek, Prairie Grove, Arkansas, Springfield, Hartsville, Cape Girardeau, Helena, Bayou Metre, Shelby's raid, Dardanells, Neosho, Greenfield, Warsaw, Tipton, Marshall, and to the Arkansas line, Price's raid, Lexington, Westport, Newtonia. He surrendered in June, 1865, Shelbv's division, to Gen. Frank Herron.

Wm. W. Shroyer, private, enlisted 1861, in Percival's company, Shelby's brigade, was engaged in the battles of Carthage, Lexington, Prairie Grove, Springfield, and Hoatsville, was wounded January, 1862, at Hartsville by a musket ball, which struck just above the knee.

Lieut. Col. Benjamin F. Gordon, enlisted in the service in 1861, was lieutenant colonel of Shelby's regiment, afterwards colonel of the regiment, also commanded Shelby's brigade. Left the command at Texarkana, went to Old Mexico, in 1865, and returned in 1866. While in the confederate army was in the battles of Carthage, Springfield, Wilson's creek, Pea Ridge, Cane Hill, Newtonia, Prairie Grove, Little Rock, Bavou

W. Boon, major, first lieutenant, company G., Col. Elliott's regiment, Missouri state guards, enlisted in June, 1861. In 1862 enlisted in company I, Col. Shelby's regiment, and was orderly sergeant. In 1863 was quartermaster of Col. Elliott's regiment. Was engaged in battles at Coon Creek, Newtonian Hartsville, Springfield, Pine Bluff, Jenken's Ferry, Prairie du Anne, Duvall's Bluff, Clarendon, Helena, Cape Girardeau, first battle at Lexington, Jefferson City, Boonville, Potosi, Ironton, Pilot Knob, Chalk Bluff, Marshall,' Sedalia, Independence, Blues, West Port, Mines Creek, Fayetteville, Cain Hill, Bayou Metre, Stony Point, Carthage, Old Jackson, Fredricktown, Farmington, Patterson, Mt. Elby, Mark's Mills.

Dennis Payne, private, company C, 1862; fought in the battles of Coon Creek, Newtonia, Cane Hill, Springfield, Cape Girardeau, Jefferson City, Marshall, Helena, Hartsville, Batesville, Neosho, Duval's Bluff, Camden. Surrendered at Shreveport.

Samuel Biggerstaff, private, company B, April 14, 1862. Fought at Newtonia, and other minor engagements. Taken prisoner at Fayetteville and held until close of war. Discharged in spring of 1865.

Charles A. Graham, private Co. F, 1862. Battles of Cane Hill, Springfield, Hartsville, Prairie Grove, Cape Girardeau. Was wounded and captured in 1864, near Calhoun, Henry county. Was paroled.

Wm. F Lay, private, Co. B, July 1862. Fought at Lexington, Coon Creek, Prairie de Anne, Mulberry. Was captured twice; first at Elm Springs, in Sept. 1862; second at Prairie de Anne. Was paroled, July 1864.

y. G. Webb, private, Co. C, Aug. 1862. Fought at Prairie Grove, Springfield, Cane Hill, Hartsville. Taken prisoner at Cape Girardeau, and paroled, July 3, 1863.

G. W. Garr, private, Co. B, enlisted July, 1862. In battles of Carthage, Little Rock, Prairie Grove, Helena and other skirmishes. Was wounded at Helena, in the shoulder; at Clarindon, through the right arm; and at Westport. Was discharged July, 1865.

W. W. Doak, private, Co. A, enlisted, Aug., 1862. Fought at Lexington, Coon Creek, Edwina, Hartsville, Prairie Grove, and other skirmishes. Was taken prisoner in Ozark county Mo., in 1863, and held until 1865. Discharged in May, 1865.

J. A. yeffries, private, Co. A, enlisted, May, 1861. Fought at Carthage, Springfield, Newtonia, Marks Mills, Helena, Prairie de Anne, Little Rock, and others. Discharged, April 1865.

y. C. Butler, first lieutenant, Co. A, enlisted, spring of 1861. Fought at Lexington, Springfield, Prairie Grove, Cowskin Prairie, Shreveport, Helena, Corinth, Ballstown and others. Discharged, May, 1865.

yohn E. McDougall, lieutenant Co. B, enlisted, 1861. Fought at Lexington, Carthage, Springfield, Pea Ridge, and all other engagements participated in by his company. Discharged in spring of 1865. Was in Mexican war, under Doniphan.

y. £>. Plattenburg, private, Co. B, enlisted, 1861. Fought at Lexington, Newtonia, Springfield, Oak Grove, Hartsville, Cape Girardeau, Helena, Little Rock. Discharged in Spring of 1865.

I. N. Shelley, private, company H, enlisted June 17, 1861, in Gordon's regiment; fought at Lexington, Springfield, Carthage, Pea Ridge, and all other engagements of the regiment; was taken prisoner in Bates

L. E. White, private company B; enlisted August, 1862, discharged in March, 1863; fought at Prairie Grove, Springfield, Hartsville and in various skirmishes.

Dr. W. Webb, surgeon; enlisted August, 1862, discharged June, 1865; was at the battles of Helena, Girardeau, Little Rock, and other engagements on Price's raid.

Lucien M. Majors, captain company E, 1861, Col. Shelby's regiment; company L, August 18, 1862, Col. Elliott's regiment; then in company H, in 1864. Fought in the battles of Lexington, Springfield, ISTewtonia, Cane Hill, Coon Creek, Hartsville, Cape Girardeau, Jenkins' Ferry, Prairie Grove, Prairie De Ann, Duvalls Bluff, Pilot Knob, Ironton, Independence, Blues, Westport, Dry wood, and 2d Newtonia. At the battle of Newtonia he was shot in the left lung, and left on the battlefield, and was captured, and imprisoned at St. Louis.

Qregpn Roberts, private, enlisted in company G, 12th Missouri Cavalrv, Col. Hunter, October, 1861; was at the battles of Independence, Blues, Kansas City, Westport, Newtonia, and at Shreveport surrendered personally.

S. B. Whiting, captain company C; enlisted 1861; fought at Carthage, Wilson Creek, Dry wood, Lexington, Pea Ridge and others; was taken prisoner in 1862, and held at Leavenworth one year; discharged in 1865.

P. W. Gum, orderly sergeant company I; enlisted in 1861; transferred to John'B. Clarke's regiment in 1862; was at Lexington, "Newtonia, Prairie Grove, Jefferson City, Westport, Mine Creek; mustered out at Shreveport, 1865; taken prisoner at Helena, July 21, 1864; held until May, 1865.

Miscellaneous

Wash. Bardsley, sergeant, enlisted in 1861 in M. S. G., and in March 1862, in Company A, Fifth Missouri volunteers, C. S. A.; was in the battles Springfield, Oak Hill, Iuka, Baker's Creek, Pt. Gibson, and Vicksburg. Wounded slightly several times and captured at Vicksburg and exchanged January 1864, re-enlisted, and surrendered in 1865.

Charles R. Anderson, commissary department, enlisted in 1861 in M. S. G., under Gen. Green; was in the battles Carthage, Wilson's Creek, Lexington, Corinth, Baker's Creek, Big Black, and Iuka. Surrendered in 1865.

Noah P. Adams, private, enlisted in August 1861, in M. S. G., and in 1862 in Company E, Elliot's battalion; in the battles of Dry wood, Lexington, Lone Jack, Lexington again, and Westport. Captured in 1864 and imprisoned at Rock Island until the war closed.

yohn Perry, sergeant, enlisted in 1861 in M. S. G. ; at the battles of Carthage and Wilson's Creek. Taken prisoner at Lexington in March, 1862, sent to St. Louis and Alton, and exchanged at Vicksburg September, 1862, y. B. Carmichacl, corporal, enlisted in 1861, in Keith's company Ellliot's regiment M. S. G; in the battles of Lexington, Wilson's Creek, Lone Jack, etc. Captured in March, 1863, and kept in Alton three months, and afterwards arrested at home and held until 1864.

y. A. y. McCauley, private, enlisted in August, 1862, in Second regiment Missouri cavalry; in the battles of Lone Jack, Prairie Grove, Second Springfield, and many skirmishes, etc. Surrendered in 1865.

yohn S. Calloway, second sergeant, enlisted July 3, 1861, in Company I, Sixteenth regiment Missouri infantry of Price's division ; discharged at Shreveport, Louisiana, January 10, 1865; engaged in the battles of Carthage, Oak Hill, Pea Ridge, Corinth, Prairie Grove, Pleasant Hill, Mansfield, Jenkins' Ferry, Helena, Lexington, and Dry wood. Was wounded at Pleasant Hill in 1863, by a piece of shell.

Captain W. A. Redd, edjutant, enlisted in April, 1861, at Lexington in the First Missouri cavalry of State guards as first lieutenant of company B, afterwards in the Third Missouri cavalry Gordon's regiment; engaged in the battles of Wilson's Creek, Lexington, Cross Hollow, Prairie, Marksville, Springfield, and Jenkins Ferry; was taken prisoner near Fay- etteville, Arkansas, and imprisoned at Alton, and exchanged in 1862. Captured on Shelby's raid, taken to Johnson Island, and held thirteen months, when the war closed.

James Rollins, private, enlisted in 1861 in Taylor's company, Sixth Missouri regiment, and in Gordon's company, Grove's regiment; engaged in the battles of Carthage, Lexington, Pea Ridge, Corinth, Iuka, Jackson, Yazoo City, Thompson Station, and through the Georgia campaign and Forest's engagement with Smith in Alabama and Mississippi.

H. C. Francisco, private, enlisted Feb. 11, 1863, in Clark's battery Vandorn's division; engaged in the battles of Pea Ridge, Corinth, Iuka, Vicksburg Yazoo City, Thompson Station, with the Georgia campaign, and Forest's fight with Smith in Alabama and Mississippi.

Horace J. Galbraith, captain and quarter-master, enlisted in 1862 in G. B. Gordon's company, Gordon's regiment; was in the fights of Newtonia, Cape Girardeau, Helena, Bayou Metre, and in Price's raids.

"John Fitz^patrick, private, enlisted in October, 1864, in Company C, Gordon's regiment; was engaged in the battles of Lexington, West Port, and Newtonia. Discharged at Shreveport June 1865.

Uriah Hawkins, private, enlisted August 2, 1862, in Company C, Gordon's regiment, Shelby's brigade; engaged in the battles of Newtonia, Neosho, Coon Creek, and Cane Hill; after the last named battle was discharged and was living in the southern States, but suddenly disappeared and has never since been heard of.

Hugh Gautier, private, enlisted in Gen. Hurt's State guard in 1861 ; was at the battle of Springfield; killed by the federal soldiers in the yearl863.

Samuel J. Andrews, captain; enlisted in Co. B. 2d N. C. Cav. May, 1861; engaged in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancelorsville, Fleetwood or Brandy Station, where Jan. 9, 1873, he lost his right leg.

Dr. S fencer W. Brown, surgeon of Shelby's regiment, Bledsoe battery; engaged in the battles of Carthage, Lexington, Prairie Grove, Independence, Little Rock, Marshall, and all of Shelby's raids ; sent to prison by false charges of being colonel of the regiment from Marshall, Mo., and was confined for three months in St. Louis bastile.

John W. Lewis, private; enlisted May, 1861, in Co. C, Gordon's regiment; engaged in the battles of Blue Mills, Carthage, Wilson Creek, Prairie Grove, Little Rock, Helena, Marshall, Cape Girardeau, Springfield, Marshfield, Jenkins Ferry and Hartsville; wounded Feb. 6, 1863, near Pine Bluffs by a pistol shot and captured by Grove Young, of a Missouri regiment of federals; was confined in Little Rock, Ark.; when being transferred to Rock Island he made his escape by jumping from the train.

Ed. W. Lewis, private; enlisted 1862 in Co. A, Capt. Percival's company, Gordon's regiment; engaged in the battles of 2d Springfield, Harts- ville, Prairie Grove, Cane Hill and Neosho; went with a party on a raid near Cape Girardeau and never returned ; supposed to have been killed two days before the fight of Cape Girardeau.

W. D. Lewe, corporal; enlisted in the spring of 1861 in Co. A, Capt. Percival, Elliott's regiment of state guards; served one year, then enlisted in Groves' regiment in the regular service; was in the fights of Carthage, Wilson Creek, Lexington, Pea Ridge, Iuka, Port Gibson and Marshall; taken prisoner at Port Gibson May, 1863, was taken to Alton, remained one month and was then exchanged.

H. C. Corder, private; enlisted in 1861 in Co. D, Capt. Shendles, Gordon's regiment; engaged in the battles of Cape Girardeau, Little Rock, Big Blue, Independence, Shelby's last raid and West Port; was discharged in Texas in June, 1865.

T. A. Groves, private; enlisted in Co. A, 1st Regt., Col. Gates, February, 1862, and engaged in the battles of Prairie Grove, Corinth, Iuka, Big Blue and Vicksburg; received two slight wounds and was taken prisoner at Vicksburg; was discharged at Shreveport in 1865.

Capt. Edward F. Nicholson enlisted in the confederate army in 1863 in Co. E as its captain, under Col. Rathburn, Shelby's division, and engaged in the battles of Independence, West Port, Newtonia, Carthage, Fayetteville, and numerous skirmishes during the war, and left the army at the grand surrender in 1865.

W. H. Bellamy, corporal; enlisted May, 1861, in Percival's company, Groves' regiment, Rain's division; engaged in the battles of Carthage, Wilson's Creek, Newlonia, Cane Hill, Prairie Grove, Helena, Cape Girrardeau, Little Rock and Springfield; was wounded by a ball in the leg at Marshall, Mo.; returned from the service in 1863; taken .prisoner in Carroll county and carried to Macon; kept in prison one month, and then took the oath of loyalty.

Caft. yohn f. Gordon enlisted in February, 1862, in CockrelPs brigade, Col. Elisha Gates, which was transferred at the same time to the east Mississippi department; was in all the battles fought by Price east of the Mississippi, Corinth and Baker's Creek; was wounded at the battle of Baker's Creek, Miss., and captured; taken to Ft. Delaware, where he died from pneumonia in 1864.

G. W. Marquis, private; under the command of Gens. Price and McCullough, Co. G; enlisted May 17, 1861; fought at Wilson's Creek, Elkhorn, Corinth, and various other engagements of importance; was wounded at Collierviile, was shot in the right side, the ball striking a rib and glancing around and coming out on the left side; was taken prisoner at Moscow, Tenn., and brought to Alton, 111., and kept ten months.

y. O. Lockhart, first lieutenant; Gens. Homes, Price, etc., RufFner's battery; enlisted in state guards in the summer of 1861; fought at Lex- ington, Prairie Grove, Jenkins Ferry, and a number of skirmishes, Little Rock, etc.; was wounded at Jenkins Ferry in the arm, and was unfit for service about two months, and is still somewhat disabled from the wound; was captured at the same time, but made his escape the next day. Discharged in May, 1865.

A.Edgar Asbury, captain, enlisted May, 1861, aide decamp to Brig Gen. J. H. McBride, 11 months. Then Capt. Cornell's Missouri Cavalry, afterwards assigned to clothing bureau, Texas. Fought at Oak Hills, Lexington, Elk Horn, Pea Ridge, and several minor ones. Was in the fight near Camden or Albany, Mo., in which Bill Anderson was killed, commanding confederate recruits. Taken prisoner on the raid to Cape Girardeau, and was held prisoner of war thirteen months at Springfield, St. Louis, Fortress Monroe, Fort Delaware, Johnson's Island, and Point Lookout. Discharged June, 1865.

Joseph B. Major, private, in 1861, enlisted in State Guards, was assistant wagon boss, Gen. Clark's division. Re-enlisted in '1861, company F, Gen. Shelby's regiment. Parolled at Austin, 1865. Fought at Carthage, first and second battles at Springfield, Dry wood; first and second at Lexington, Newtonia; first and second, Hortsville, Cape Girardeau, Old Jackson, Little Rock, Duval's Bluff, Sursey, Coon Creek, Cain Hill, Brownsville, Stony Point, Clarendon, Pilot Knob, Patterson, Jefferson City, Boonville, Independence, Blues, West Port, and numerous others.

Federal Soldiers' Record

This was the Lexington Home Guard Battery, in charge of Capt. C. M. Pirner, and in what was then called the 14th Missouri Volunteers, under Col. White. The whole organization was broken up by the result of the battle of Lexington, and was never re-organized. The battery members were: C. M. Pirner, commanding; Henry Nagel, Gustavus Pirner, John Quandt, Clemens Ruesterer, Charles Probst, and Jerry Leame. These last two have since died. There were two other members, but their names could not be obtained. All of them were wounded but two, Nagel and Ruesterer. They were all taken prisoners and released on parol by Gen. Price, but they were not exchanged and released from their parole until some time in 1864. Nevertheless, Gus Pirner and Charley Probst went and enlisted in another battery; Probst died in Arkansas, probably from after effects of his wounds received in the Lexington battle; Gus Pirner lived through, and was finally in Gen. Sherman's army. (See underhead of "Battle Items," for armament of this battery.) They had two six-pounder cannon, and two six-inch mortars; these latter they buried before the surrender, but the confederates found them. Oue of these mortars was afterwards mounted on an ox-cart and used by " Dick Collins, Steve Fell, Jim Rudd, Will Fell, Jim Evans, and four or five others," under Joe Shelby, in a fight with Col. Merrill's Federal cavalry, at Waverly. " While firing the seventh shell, it exploded in the gun, and mortar and ox-cart went up together." So says Edward's history, pp. 47, 48. What became of the rest of Pirner's guns is not known.

The following are the names of the men from Lafayette county, who were with Capt. F. R. Neet, under Col. White at the battle of Lexihgton: Capt. F. R. Neet, 1st Lieutenant; Neal Bohanan, 2d Lieutenant; C. M. Neet, (wounded in the fight,) Michael Myers, John Mullens, Michael Lahey, and Quinn Morton. The latter was acting adjutant of Col. White's regiment.

The muster and pay-roll of company A, of the 7th regiment, enrolled Missouri militia, from August 4, 1862, to Dec. 10, 1862, shows the following list of officers and privates then in the government service:

Officers Discharged

Caleb W. Cole, private; drowned in the Missouri, August 15, 1862. Wm. Haggarty, private; killed at Wellington, by Bushwhackers. James L. Pointer, private; killed at Wellington, by bushwhackers. John H. Williams, private; killed at Wellington, by bushwhackers.

*Honorably discharged - some because they had enlisted in the regular service; some by reason of wounds or other disability, and some because they had been taken prisoner and paroled.

Company

discharged - some because they had enlisted in ihe regular service; some by reason of wounds or other disability, and some because they had been taken prisoner Dy the cenfederates and paroled.

discharged - Some because they had enlisted in the regular service; some because of wounds or other disability : and some because they had been taken prisoners by the Confederates and paroled.

fHonorably discharg: d - either on acccount of having enlisted in the regular service; because of wounds or other disability; or because of having been taken prisoner by Confederates and paroled.

Died or Killed in Action. - J. W. Barker, died of smallpox, Dec. 21, 1862; Cornelius Summers, killed in action at Wellington; Joseph Whitsitt, killed in action in Saline county, Oct. 11, 1862.

Frederick Meyer, private; enlisted 1862, in Capt. Brune's company. Was discharged in 1863, and afterwards, while belonging to the home guards was killed by the bushwhackers in 1864, in command of Captains Todd and Pool.

John B. Jones. In 1862 he enlisted in company B, enrolled militia, Col. NeilPs regiment. In 1»64 enlisted in company E, 45th Missouri volunteer infantry. Was engaged in a battle at Jefferson City. Served in the enrolled militia four months, and in 1863 was called out again. In 1862 was wounded slightly in the left wrist, but not seriously.

Oscar V. Perdue, enlisted first in 1862 in the enrolled militia, Capt. Taggart's company, Col. Neill's regiment, and in 1864 enlisted in company D, 45th Missouri volunteer infantry. Was discharged in 1865. Was corporal of company D and remained six months in the enrolled militia, and was called out again in 1863.

William H. Perdue, enlisted October, 1862 in the enrolled militia, Capt. Taggart's company, Col. Neill's regiment. In August, 1864, enlisted in company D, 45th Missouri volunteer infantry and ex-Col. Switzler. Was discharged in 1865. Private, and was engaged in a battle at Jefferson City.

August Brockman, corporal; was enlisted in company D under Col. Neill; was in the fight with bushwhackers at Wellington; served only two months actively.

J. R. Taggart, private, enlisted in Capt. Taggart's company, Col Neill's regiment, afterwards in Capt. Sumner's company, same regiment, in 1S63. Served twelve months and was cook for the company.

Jacob Worthington, enlisted in the Federal army m July, 1862, in Capt. Taggart's company in the enrolled militia under Col. Neill and was 2d lieutenant. Was in the fight with Pool and Anderson at Wellington.

Thomas Welsh, 2d sergeant, enlisted 1861, in Capt. Duncan's company Col. (Neill's regiment, afterwards in Capt. S. D. Foulk's companv, and served as orderly sergeant and was discharged in 1864.

George K. Smith, private, enlisted in the Federal army in Capt. Sumner's company of enrolled militia under Col. Neill; was engaged in several bushwhacking skirmishes. Was detailed as enrolling officer for Washington and Sniabar townships in Lafayette county.

Second Regiment Infantry, Missouri Volunteers

Emil Ninas, sergeant company D, enlisted May, 1861; transferred to company E, September, 1861. Fought at Pea Ridge, Corinth, Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, with Sherman to the sea, Franklin, Nashville; wounded at Chickamauga. Discharged September, 1865.

Fifth Infantry, Missouri Volunteers

Dr. E. A. Taylor, surgeon, company B, transferred from Col. StiefHe's regiment, company A, engaged in battle of Lexington; was captured there and paroled. Re-enlisted in 1862. Acted as hospital surgeon until discharged in 1865.

W. F. Walkenhorst, private, company B, enlisted 1861; fought in battles of Lexington, Blues, Independence, Westport, Mines Creek, Marshall. Discharged July 9, 1865.

Henry Fiene, private, company B, enlisted 1862; fought at Jefferson City, California, Blues, Westport, Mines Creek; taken prisoner in southwestern Missouri, and escaped. Mustered out 1865.

Harman Brand, private, enlisted in 1861, in Capt. Becker's company under Col. Mulligan. Was in the battle of Lexington; surrendered, was paroled, and then went home.

J. L. Youngs, Jr., second lieutenant, company K, Fourteenth Missouri, under Col. White, enlisted 1861; fought at Lexington with Mulligan, Mines Creek, Newtonia, Blues and Independence; was taken prisoner at the battle of Lexington; paroled and sent south.

W. K. Saunders, fourth sergeant, company C, Seventy-first regiment, enrolled militia, enlisted August 16, 1862, was in the fight at Wellington.

Mordecai M. Gladdish, first lieutenant, enlisted July, 1861, under Col. White, U. S. V., and was at the battle of Lexington, was taken prisoner, and paroled at the same place.

David McClure, private, enlisted July, 1863, first regiment, M. S. M., company G. Battles none; was stationed at Lexington. Discharged July, 1865;

Fritz Storberg, private, enlisted in 1861, company C, Twenty-sixth Missouri infantry. Battles, Springfield, Marks Mills, where he was captured and was prisoner for three months, and exchanged, re-enlisted company C, Seventh; afterwards consolidated with first M. S. M. Discharged, 1865.

Claus Halstien, private, enlisted 1862, in company K, Eighth regiment, M. S. M. Battles, Independence, Jefferson City, Blue Mills, Westport, Newtonia, and discharged 1865.

Prairie de Rone, Boonville, Jefferson City, Marshall, Blue Mills, Independence, Westport, Marias des Cygne, Warrensburg, Batesville. Wounded at Prairie de Rone; surrendered at Lexington.

Lewis W. Wernway, second lieutenant, company C, enlisted 1861, Graves regiment, was at Carthage, Oak Hills, Pea Ridge, Lexington, Corinth and others. Discharged in 1863.

Z. T. Alkire, private, enlisted March 1863, company B, Seventh regi ment, M. S. M. Battles, Big Blue, Little Rock. Springfield, Greenfield, and many others. Discharged 1865.

Wm. Boothman, private, enlisted September, 1861, in First Missouri cavalry volunteers, and in 1864, in Seventh Missouri, M. S. M. Battles, Lexington, Lone Jack, Prairie Grove, etc. Captured twice, Lexington and Prairie Grove.

H. J. Utt, private, enlisted in the federal army, in company F, 7th regiment Missouri volunteers under Col. Huston, Aug. 22, 1861. Participated in the battle of Lone Jack. Was discharged Dec. 1863, on surgeon's certificate.

Joseph Waring, corporal, enlisted, 1861, in company D, 7th regiment, M. S. M., was discharged 1865. Engaged in the battles of Lexington, Independence, Blue, Westport, and Drywood.

Davis township was formed May 3, 1830, and included the present Davis township, besides all of Freedom, and portions of Middleton and Dover townships. Its first boundaries were thus defined: "Beginning on the county line between Saline and .Lafayette counties, at the section corner between 2 and 3, township 50, of range 24, thence west to the middle of range 26, in township 50; thence south to the section corner of 12 and 13 in township 48; thence east to the range line between 25 and 26; thence south to the southern boundary of Lafayette county, which is the middle of the main channel of the osage river; thence down the middle of said river to the range line between 23 and 24; thence north with said line to the place of beginning."

These lines do not exactly correspond with any township lines now in the county, except the east line which now forms the boundary between Lafayette and Saline counties. It was estimated that there were fortyeight taxable families within the above defined territory at that time. The first township election was ordered to be held at the house of Benjamin Johnson; and Martin Warren, Sr., Axel H. Page, and John Smeltser, were appointed as judges.

But on July 4, 1848, the new township of Middleton was established, and also the boundaries of Dover township fixed in their present places. These two changes cut off some of the territory of Davis township, and its new boundaries were thus defined: "Commencing at the township line, between townships 49 and 50, where said line crosses the boundary line between the counties of Lafayette and Saline, thence with said township line west to where the same crosses the main branch of Tabo creek; thence with the main channel of said creek in a southern direction, to where said creek crosses the section line between section No. 9 and 10, in range No. 26, of township No. 49: thence with said section line south to where the same crosses the main branch of Davis creek; thence with the main channel of said Davis creek, to the boundary line between the counties of Saline and Lafayette; thence with said line north to the beginning." Thus Davis township received its final boundaries, which remain the same to this day.

Among the original settlers of the territory which constitutes the present Davis township, were Joseph Collins, who located at a place since called "Bear's Grove," situated near section 13, township 49, and range 26, sometime between the years of 1825 and 1830. Alexander P. Hogan,

Wm. Anderson and Uriah Gladdish, natives of Kentucky, who settled on sections 35 and 36, same township and range, and Captain William Beatty, Major S. G. Neal, Wm. Collins, Madison Taylor, Thomas and James Smith, Wm. and Menona Dyer, and William Hickman, who settled in that neighborhood previous to 1840. The first marriage ceremony was performed at the house of Mr. Anderson, the high contracting parties being his daughter and William Still. The first male child born in the township was Henry Anderson, son of Ira and Columbia Anderson, born in 1841. The first death on record is that of a Miss Davenport, who died in about 1843, and was buried at the Couch grave yard. Among the first physicians was Dr. W. W. Higgins, who now resides in Montana. The Rev. George Crawford, (new school Presbyterian) and Rev. Peter Williams (Baptist) were the first ministers reported. The first religious services, as far as can be ascertained, were held in Beatty school house, near "Bear's Grove," prior to 1840. In about 1841, the "Tebo Presbyterian church" was organized at the same place. The first school was taught in Beatty school house, built in about 1838. George Rhoades and Judge Lucien Cary, were among the first teachers. The school numbered from fifteen to twenty-five pupils, and teacher's salary ranged from $35 to $40 per month. This house was constructed of logs, and built out of funds raised by subscription. In about the year 1843, a log building for school purposes was erected by Elijah Gladdish, upon his farm on section 36. This school numbered from twelve to fifteen scholars, and was first taught by Miss Elizabeth Martin, (now disceased) at a salary of $10 and board per month. At this time the custom of teachers "boarding around" was in vogue - the teacher boarding with each patron a stated length of time for each pupil in attendance. This Bohemian proclivity, however, is among the relics of the past. Mrs. Elizabeth Gladdish is reported as the first weaver of cloth, she having brought the wool with her from Kentucky.

The settlers were obliged to go from twelve to eighteen miles to millr and frequently would be cut of from their homes by high water, and be obliged to camp out for several days, until the water had subsided. The trading point and post office up to 1846, was Lexington. At that date a post office was established at the residence of Major Neal, called the Hempland P. O.

Major Geo. P. Gordon, who lives on section 18, township 49, range 24, says that Simon Bradley and Jesse Cox came into that neighborhood as early as 1820, and settled on sections 17 and 18, respectively. He also says that Mesdames Bradley and Cox did the first weaving in that neighborhood.

In 1844, this township polled sixty-three votes, of which number, sixty were whig. A premium having been previously offered for the banner Whig township, Davis won the laurels.

The Osage, Kickapoo, and Kaw Indians came through until about 1848. They were peaceably disposed, but given to begging and pilfering. An Osage chief, 75 years of age, came to the residence of Harvey Higgins and endeavored to acquaint him by signs, with the number of scalps which he had taken, and begged for a shirt. Mr. H. responded liberally to the savage's desires, giving him not only the shirt he asked for, but a pair of pants as well, and the "noble red man" went on his way rejoicing.

Game of all kinds was abundant. In going a few rods from his house, Mr. Higgins would sometimes start four of five deer. Col. Mulky started four black bears within 150 yards of his house and succeeded in capturing two of them. In early days buffalo and elk were abuadant and catamounts were often killed. Panthers were not numerous.

This township is well watered. Its entire southern boundary, fifteen miles in length, borders on Davis Creek, which receives numerous brooks and rivulets that traverse its diversified surface.

Its population, according to the official report of the United States census, taken June 1, 1880, is 2,944. It has, however, increased considerably during the past year.

Wm. Collins, Senior, a soldier of the revolutionary war from Carolina, also his son and son-in-law and their families, amounting to eight persons, were among the first settlers of this township, settling here in 1825. The first marriage in the township was that of Martin D. Warren to Miss Dillingham. The first male child born »here was James Anderson, son of Wm. H. and D Anderson; the first female child was Nancy, daughter of Larkin and Sarah Graham. The first death occurred in the township in the latter part ot 1837, and was buried at Johnson's Grove, near Higginsville. The first Christian minister in this township was Rev. Thomas McBride, of the Christian church, in a log cabin south of where Higginsville now stands. "We had no roads in the early times of Davis township, but traveled by courses - our principal market place was Lexington. The boys would often have a big deer hunt, kill as many as eight deer, and get home to dinner."

The city of Higginsville is located at the junction of the Chicago & Alton and Missouri & Pacific railways on sections one and six and township forty-nine, ranges 25 and twenty-six, and was founded inr 1869 by Harvey J. Higgins, in whose honor it was named. A postoffice was established here in 1870, with A. B. E. Lehman as' postmaster, who also built the first house and kept, in partnership with his son, the first store in the town, the firm was styled "Lehman & Son." In 1876 the town was incorporated and Abram Wade was elected the first mayor. The first school-house was built in 1879, a frame building, at a cost of $1,200. The first school numbered about thirty-five pupils and was taught by Miss Anna Reese, at a compensation of fifty dollars per month. The first marriage reported is that of Lewis Henke, the name of his bride not being given, in the spring of 1870. The ceremony was peformed at the home of the bride, by George Osborne, a justice of the peace. It is asserted that Michael Kelley was the first male child born within the limits of the town, and

The first regular physician was Dr. C. W. Seeber, who still resides near the city engaged in a lucrative practice of his profession. The first religious services were held in the Evangelical church, conducted by the Rev. Henry Haefer. The Evangelical burial ground is located about one mile east of town and is tastefully laid out. The present city officers are as follows: Mayor, B. M. Hutcherson; councilmen, W. L. Smiley, M. A. Brady, H. Horstmann and H. G. Smith. Two years ago, when the Chicago & Alton road was built through, Higginsville was comparatively small. It now has a newspaper, a bank, two steam flouring mills, a steam elevator and grain warehouse, two freight and passenger depots, eight churches, a fine graded public school, a select school, flourishing civic societies, a large lumber yard, and about twenty business houses. According to the official report of the United States census, taken June 1, 1880, it has a population of 797. It, however, has grown quite rapidly during the past year, and now considerably exceeds that number.

The Coal Mines in the vicinity are closely allied with the business interests of the city, and should be mentioned in connection with it. There are seven shafts open within a radius of four miles, five of them being operated during the cold season, for the local demand, and the other two, near town, owned and operated by the Winsor Coal Company, which was incorporated in December, 1879, with Ed. Winsor, president, and H. W. Winsor, secretary and superintendent, in operation during the entire season. In these two latter mines coal is found forty-five feet below the surface and in a vein of from sixteen to eighteen inches in thickness. The daily product of these two mines, when in full operation, is 2000 bushels, all of which is sold to the Chicago and Alton and Kansas city dealers.

Churches Of Higginsville

The Higginsville Presbyterian Church (originally known as " Tabbo church") was organized June 19, 1842. The original members were Dandridge Morrow, Mrs. Elizabeth Morrow, Miss Mary A. Morrow, Wm. D. Lathim, Mrs. Elizabeth Lathim, Mrs. Mary Neal and Mrs. Elizabeth R. Crawford.

The church building is of brick, erected in 1874 at a cost of $3000. It was dedicated July 19, 1874, the Rev. F. R. Gray conducting the services.

The First German Baptist Church at Higginsville was organized May 24, 1868. The original trustees were Peter Brand, J. G. Huder and Aug. Erdman, the last named acting as clerk. The church building is a frame edifice, erected in 1874 at a cost of $15S5. When first organized the Rev. Anton Hausler was in charge as pastor, he being followed by Rev. C. Schumacher, who in turn was succeeded by Rev. F. W. Greife. Number of members at present, 78. Nothing further reported.

The German Lutheran Church at Higginsville, known as the "Evangelical SalemsChurch," was organized in 1870. The original members were Adolph Wehrman and wife, Herman Haefer and wife, W. Huenefeld and wife, C. Haefer and wife, H. Offel, Sen., and wife, H. Schmieder and wife, H. Farre and wife, Aug. Caulher and wife, A. Henker and wife, H. Offel, Jr., and wife.

'The building is a frame one, erected in 1871 at a cost of $1000. It was dedicated Oct. 29, 1871, the Rev. Henry Haefer, the present pastor, preaching the dedicatory sermon. Mr. Haefer has had charge of this church since its organization, with the exception of the time between 1873 and 1877, when the Rev. Frederick Drewel had it in charge. At present there are 75 members belonging. The pastor resides in a parsonage built by the congregation at a cost of $1800. The Sabbath school consists of 45 scholars and eight teachers. During the three months of March, April and May a private school is in progress in the church building, in charge of the pastor.

This church is a member of the German evangelical synod, of which there are five other members in the county. In 1879 the congregation purchased a bell, costing $387.

Wm. Liese, Elizabeth Liese, Frederick Liese, Louise Liese, Charles Liese, Gustav Liese, John Muller, Anna Muller, John Froeschle, Sr., Friederika Froeschle, Anna R. Froeschle, Jacob Froeschle, Mary Froeschle, Michael Waehr, Henry Meyerarend, Friedrick Senser, Heinrich Kripmeyer, Wm. Vieth, Wm. Heffen and others. The church is a frame building and was built in 1870, at a cost of $1,800; dedicated in December, same year, 1876, by Rev. Jacob Tanner. The names of the successive pastors were: Revs. Conrad Mardof, Peter Hehner, Julius Franz, John H. Asling and John Demand. It has now 37 members, and a flourishing Sunday school attached, of which the Rev. Simon Ritter is superintendent.

St. Mary's Churchy (Catholic) at Higginsville, was organized April 26, 1879. The original members were: Timothy Noonan, Martin Kelly, John O'Mally, Patrick Summers, Jeremiah Kelly, John P. Schurtz, Stephen Organ, Thomas Organ, Patrick Lillis, Patrick Machin, Daniel McDermott, Andrew Bomkoskei, Mark Brady, Prof. O. V. Thornton, James O. Gormon, Charles McGirl, and many others. The church edifice consists of a frame building, erected in July, 1881, at a cost of $1,600. It will be dedicated on the 9th of October, 1881, by the Right Rev. John I. Hogan, bishop of Kansas City and St. Joseph. Fathers Hoag, Brady, Cooney, John I. Lilly and F. Curran have been in charge since the organization of this church. The last named being the first and present resident pastor. Present number of members 180.

The Christian Church, of Higginsville, was organized January 18, 1880, with an original membership of 42. This church is properly a reorganization of the " Republican church," originally founded nearly forty years ago, and having a large membership. The church building was situated about two miles southeast of town. This old building was sold ancl a frame one erected in Higginsville, in 1879, at a cost of $1,500. It was dedicated on the third Sabbath in February, 1880, Elder Plattenburg, of Dover, conducting the dedicatory services. The following pastors have been in charge: C. A. Hedrick and Samuel McDaniels. The present membership is 70. The church is in a prosperous condition and has its new edifice nearly paid for.

The Baptist Church, of Higginsville, was Organized in January, 1880. The original members were: A. Edgar Asbury, Mrs. Ellen Asbury, John W. Edley and wife, A. H. Horn and wife, B. F. McElroy and wifef W. W. Preston, Miss Lelia Mason and others. The church edifice is a frame building, erected in 1881, at a cost of $2,000. The present membership is about 45, and the church is now in charge of the Rev. S. B. Whiting. No further particulars reported.

Civic Societies Of Higginsville

Mystic Lodge, No. 88., A. O. U. W. - Organized November 28, 1878, by W. R. Shern. The charter members were: J. H. Fuhr, G. Sharp, John Page, J. H. Stapp, Fred Shopenhoist, J. A. Field, M. A. Brady, W. H. Robnett, W. E. Ennis. D. S. Swacker.

Higginsville, Lodge No. J64, A. F. & A. M. - Organized in 1880t by W. W. Preston and A. E. Asbury. The charter members were: Grove Young, A. Wade, James Peddicord, G. W. Houx, B. Wilkinson, James Robason, S. T. RufFner, W. S. Ennis, A. Kensler, W. J. Fewell, Wm. Doblin, C. N. Engler, and H. G. Smith.

The present officers are the same as above, with the single exception of a change in the office of secretary; that position being now filled by H. G. Smith.

Prairie Grange. - The only particulars obtained in regard to this organization are, tha't it was organized by Lewis Neale, Jr., of Lafayette county, and that its present officers are: James M. Armentrout, W. M.; and Jackson Corder, secretary. Also that the hall in which it meets is a frame building, built in 1879, and located upon section 5, township 49, range 24.

Davis Creek Grange No. 133, was organized in the spring of 1873, with thirteen members. The present officers are: Isaac McVey, Master; F. M. Gladdish, Overseer; William Nois, Lecturer, and Frank Mills, Secretary. The number of members at the present time is between fifty and sixty. They meet in a two story frame building, built at a cost of from six to seven hundred dollars. No further particulars reported.

Cereals, Fruit, Bees, Etc

Christopher Ellmaker has an orchard consisting of about 200 apple trees, some of which 'have been planted over forty years. In 1880, he gathered 1000 bushels of apples from it.

His wheat crop during same year yielded an average of twenty-five bushels to the acre. In other parts of this township the average was from thirty to forty bushels.

Mr. George G. Elsea, has an orchard of about 150 apple trees, some of them over forty years of age, from which he gathered 200 bushels of fruit during the year 1880.

Alfred P. Lewis has an orchard of 100 apple trees, fifty of which were set out in 1845, and the remainder, at various times since. Of the different varieties raised, he says that the Ben Davis is the most salable and the Genitan, Winesap and the Missouri and Newtown Pippin, the best adapted to the climate. He raised about 400 bushels during the year 1880.

He also has twenty stands of bees of the Missouri Native variety. They get their honey from buds and blossoms during early spring and from white clover in its season. In 1879 he gathered 200 pounds of excellent honey from the product of these busy little insects.

Coal Mines

An excellent mine of bituminous coal is located upon the premises of Mr. Michael Summers, formerly owned by Elder Martin Corder, situated in section 6, township 49, range 24. Also on the farm of Patrick Mc- Bride, in section 11, same township and range, a vein of the same kind of coal has been found which, however, he has never mined.