Springfield Weekly Republican, 1855-04-07

COTTON PLANTING AND TIIK COT COTTON - TON COTTON PLANTER. Alabama, March 94,1855. Correspondence of the Republican. Massachusetts ' makes more by granite and ice than we do by cotton and rice.' There is a good deal of truth in this remark of the Carolina sena senator. - tor. senator. Growing cotton - to say nothing of rice, which is not a product of importance in this state - is not now so profitable a species of agriculture as is generally supposed at the North, where the ' cotton planter ' is too often associated with the ' cotton lord.' It is true many of the planters are very wealthy; but they have become so by dint of early settlement when the land was new and rich, yielding luxuriant crops of cotton, and by that more prolific source of accumulation, slavery. In cotton planting, to have a decent income, a large investment in lands and negroes is essential. The small planters are poor - barely live - and of course are deprived of all those educational and other privileges which the northern farmer, with ' a little farm well tilled,' always enjoys. Those having large plantations, and working a large ' force ' - as the body of field negroes is called - calledderive derive calledderive a considerable income from their cotton alone, but not in proportion to the capital em employed - ployed employed in the production. Indeed I was surprised on hearing stated the incomes of certain planters, whose magnificent scale of farming operations - operationsthe the operationsthe thousands of acres cultivated, and hundreds of negroes employed - quite astonished me. I was forcibly reminded of the laboring mountain of Horace, and the ridiculously small result. A plantation in Alabama well stocked with ne negroes, - groes, negroes, however, has been esteemed a veiy desira desirable - ble desirable possession. Well, if anywhere, it is in Alaba Alabama. - ma. Alabama. Let us see then whether there is anything Irish in the estimate. We will not stop to descant on the ' humanities ' and 1 divinities ' of slavery, as connected with our topic. Anthony Burns - whom * you Yankees ' are so lionizing, thinking of us ' away down Sous ' as so many Algerines - he will demonstrate the former more satisfactori satisfactorily. - ly. satisfactorily. And as for the latter, see the divines, espe especially - cially especially President Lord and Dr Adams. Meantime I will give - currenta calamo - a south side view of planting, hoping it may not be unacceptable to the practical, matter-of-fact reader. The theme is ' powerfully ' suggested just now, by the more frequent sight of the overseer with his full ' force ' of toiling slaves in the fields, of which some are as boundless as the prairie. It is not a very at attractive - tractive attractive scene to the unaccustomed - that of ne negro - gro negro men and women with the plow, the ' shubble and de hoe ' I It don't inspire any very lofty sen sentiments - timents sentiments on the dignity of agricultural labor, which I could give by way of preface. Yet ' venerate the plow,' says Thomson. Alabama it may be premised is the greatest cotton growing state in the Union. As an export exporting - ing exporting state it ranks the fourth, and the whole amount of its exports may be regarded as of home production, and also as almost exclusively of cotton. The value of the annual exportation is 816,780,913, about 8100,000 less than that of Massachusetts, which must give neighboring states credit for a good portion of the given esti estimate. - mate. estimate. This is quite a large cash income for a state with the population of Alabama. But if we regard the number of acres under contribution it is a receipt of only ten or twelve dollars on the acre cultivated. lint to be more particular. The manner of estimating here the amount of cotton made on plantations, is by the ' hand ' - the chief investment being in the negroes and not in the acres. The number of bales, of 500 pounds each, made per hand ranges from two and a half to five. The average may be considered as four, for a term of years. A bale at 8 centner pound is worth S4O, - making $l6O the product of one negro's la labor, - bor, labor, everything found. According to a southern agricultural paper before me, twenty-five acres of cultivated land is allowed each hand, and from this the planter realises only 8160 worth of cotton, besides the other products for home consumption. Now a man making 100 bales of cotton has a tol tolerable - erable tolerable income - s4,ooo. But the investment! A plantation producing that number would contain about 800 acres, which at the average value of land would be worth about S-5,000. Twenty-five available hands are required. The above-men above-mentioned - tioned above-mentioned paper announces that the 'average value of a full hand is 8900, and that the unavailable negro property in the shape of young and old ne negroes, - groes, negroes, amounts to 33} per cent upon this.' Hence the capital invested in negroes is nearly $30,000. Add to this all the various appurtenances of a plantation which it is needless to specify, and we have a principal which would yield as large an in income - come income on interest at the southern rates. In fine - to quote again - * taking the average production of the country to be 2000 pounds of ginned cot cotton, - ton, cotton, or four bales, to the hand - and estimating that by prudent economy the planter produces all his own supplies, it actually costs him eight cents for every pound of cotton he makes' - which is all he gets. This is a fair estimate of a planter's income from cotton, upon which he de depends - pends depends solely for his cash. Pecuniarily, then, a plantation is not very' enticing - not a very great lure - unless to an expatriated and homeless Irishman. And as for ' looking after ' forty or fifty * niggers' - * servants ' I mean - it seems to me what a Yankee would call in his more softened form of assertion - * an endless botheration I ' But I forget, and the honorable senator didn't men. tion, that concomitant profit of cotton planting! Slavery itself yields a very excellent income, esti estimated - mated estimated at fourteen per cent on the capital invested. This is a practical view of the planter's life. But notwithstandirtt? the extent of his fanning operations, and the multiplicity of his cares, by dint of method and an overseer, reserving only a general supervision to himself, he manages to live with comparative ease and k isure. He is most always ready to entertain his guests, which he docs with an ample board, a generous bearing, and with the appearance of a genuine hospitality. In the current news of the day he is well read. In politics he is quite well versed, especially as bearing upon the ' peculiar institution,' and knows ; al! about ' fanaticism,' and the issues between the j North and South, though unfortunately don't ' rightly understand them. He is very conversa conversable, - ble, conversable, sociable. To the civilities and courtesies of life he gives a large importance - larger than does the New Englander who scarcely ever has time ' for personal attention to the ' trivialities ' of life. This eternal haste of the Yankees I - it irritates our easy, pleasure loving southerner exceedingly. [ He goes north on the proceeds of his last cotton crop, expecting a luxurious season. His friends and acquaintances, likely as not, are ' head, eats and shoulders ' in business, and * no time ' to wait upon him, though their doors are wide open. In the cars, on the steamboats, at the hotels, all

constantly before his eyes, and that ho might contemplate it secretly and undisturbed, hid him himself - self himself one night at the hour of closing the church. The next morning he was found a lifeless corpse, his arms clasping the object of his infatuated love. These may have been the " circumstances," which the guide book says occurred, making it necessary to drape the statue in bronze. The singing at vespers on Fridays and Sundays is fine, attracting many strangers to bear it. I may as well mention here, the imposing cere ceremonies - monies ceremonies which I witnessed in this church on Can Candlemas - dlemas Candlemas day, on Which occasion the I'ope blessed candles enough to light up all the dark corners of the earth. Long lines of soldiers, muskets in hand, are formed down the nave to the transept, where the balconies built up for the ladies, keep out the crowd. Preceded by a great number of cardinals and prelates in rich costumes and sur surrounded - rounded surrounded by his Swiss guard, the Pope is home slowly in upon a sort of palanquin, with a flutter fluttering - ing fluttering crimson canopy held over his head. As one man, the soldiers and others of the faithful, drop on their knees, while a silent blessing falls from his extended hand on their heads. A great deal of ceremony is made, which it would be of no in interest - terest interest to describe, before the order of the day is arrived at. The manner of blessing the candles is a little complicated. As the Pope sits in his chair, a man on one side thrusts a candle some five feet long, in front of him, the otherend being supported by a man on the opposite side; them as the Pope lays his right hand on the candle, a prelate in crimson or purple, steps to the foot of the dais, bows, walks up, kisses the Pope's hand and takes the candle, then kneeling kisses his toe and backs away to give place to the next man. This goes on for a long time, but if the observer grows tired, he has only to wander into some chapel, where he can become entirely unconscious of the crowd, amid the abundant objects of inter interest - est interest which lie in every part of this great church. In order to obtain a place on the balconies, the ladies are obliged to wear solemn black, and a veil over the head, instead of a bonnet. Gentle Gentlemen - men Gentlemen cannot be admitted within the cordon of sol soldiers - diers soldiers unless in full dress. Frequently a Swiss guard might be seen, politely conducting some nice young man outside, whose radiant cravat, so potent under other circumstances, was here an insurmountable disability. Amid the entire degeneracy and change all around it, the Tiber alone retains its time-honored customs and overflows its banks, carrying its yel yellow - low yellow mud into houses and streets. Ages ago these inundations were a terror to the Romans, being very destractive in their consequences, but the moderns, having room enough beside, have built mostly out of their reach. A respectable inunda inundation - tion inundation occurred lately, overflowing several streets and covering the pavement of the Pantheon with water and mud. From one of the seven hills, the fields for miles around could be seen covered with its yellow waters. As it is some weeks ere the Carnival begins, and as during it every body is expected to give himself up to its gaiety, I am diligently trying to see all the sights of Rome, a common ambition of strangers, but never achieved. Many objects oc. copying space in the guide book are dull and un uninteresting - interesting uninteresting to auy one but an antiquary, while others, such as frescoes, artists'studios and views, please so highly as to induce a second and third observation. After peering into every church and examining every post, pillar and dirty ruin, the steps turn often to the grand old Coliseum and its stately neighbors, the arches of Titus and Constantine, or to the Vatican, that elysium of art, where it is easy to forget that there exists anything beyond its vast halls. A confused mass of brick-work and rubbish, moss-grown anil black with age, claim your notice as being the remains of the palaces of the Caesars; but its claim is eas easily - ily easily forgotten while standing before the picture called the Transfiguration by Raphael, or while basking in the delicious sunlight of a landscape by Claude Lorraine. Every one should see the Coliseum by moonlight if possible, aS many of its great wounds - the work of time and the dc dcspoiler - are - spoiler - are dcspoiler - are concealed by the faint light or hid hidden - den hidden amid shadows, and the imagination more easily supplies what is wanting. Though it has been plundered of all its bronze and material to build several palaces; partly buried amid its own rubbish and earth from the neighboring hills, and, worst of all, once converted into a saltpeter man manufactory, - ufactory, manufactory, it survives all its vicissitudes to mock its enemies and to command the admiration of the world. A rude cross now stands in the cen center - ter center of the arena, and fourteen representations of the Passion of onr Saviour are placed at regular intervals around the sides. The cross is painted pea-green, not to appear gaudy I suppose, and a little board tacked to it promises 200 days indul indulgence - gence indulgence for every kiss bestowed upon it. As to pass through the arena is a shorter path than around the great pile, many people may be scon kneeling before and reverentially kissing this cross, and then pursuing their way with a lighter step. On Sundays a monk preaches from a rude pulpit in the arena, but whether he derives any inspiration from the scene of martyrdom of the early Christians, lam not informed; at any rate he does not attract so many modem Romans to the spot as did the gladiators of the ancient. Many strangers are flocking here to be present at the Carnival. The streets, usually dull and desolate, bustle with people of every land, and Rome, once the capital of the world, is "the drawing-room of the world," as Madame de Stael called it. Nearly every well dressed person not a priest or a soldier, has a red covered book in his hand, the badge of a modern traveler on the con continent. - tinent. continent. Although many French troops have late lately - ly lately been ordered from hero to the seat of war, many remain to remind the republicans of their misfortunes in 1849. They may be seen any pleasant day in the open space around the Colise Coliseum, - um, Coliseum, or on the piazza of St Peters, performing im imaginary - aginary imaginary charges and repulses, which if equalled on the battle-field I am sure will be the most bril brilliant - liant brilliant ever made. Their precision and regularity of action, without music to guide it, is remarkable. The approaching Carnival is the one theme of interest among strangers and shopkeepers; the latter producing costumes and curiosities, and the former discussing them. Flowers, beautiful and curious, are exposed for sale at the street corners, and red, white and blue dominos flutter profitably gay over shop doors. In my next, I hope to give you some account of this great frolic. Yours, Fbbrb.

LETTERS OF TRAVEL. A Yeung American in Rome. Correspondence of the Republican. [letter v.] Rome, February 3,1855. Though looking forward to Rome with many pleasant anticipations, not the least of which was the rest its quietness affords, I found it a hard matter to disengage myself from the allurements of Naples. Its delicious sunshine, its wide clean streets, teeming with life, its delightful environs, abounding in beautiful scenery and curious ruins, and its fascinating whirl of gaiety altogether throw a charm over life there that is difficult to resist and get away from. In good weather no day need be heavy or unprofited on the hands of a stranger, such an infinite variety of attractions does the city and neighborhood present. Among a number of sympathizing countrymen, all fer fervently - vently fervently hoping that they should return at some fu future - ture future time, I left Naples with many regrets. Un Unquestionably, - questionably, Unquestionably, the most interesting route from Na Naples - ples Naples to Rome, is by land, and what is called the upper route, but the treachery of Italian Vetturi Vetturini - ni Vetturini and the liability to bo stopped by brigands, make it one of anxiety and discomfort. It is by no means a bugbear, this story of brigands, for a case came to my knowledge of a diligence being stopped, a short time since, and the money and jewelry of its passengers taken from them. Eighteen hours steaming brought me to Civita Vecchia, a dismal sea-port, of bad renown for its beggars and dreariness. I thought it had not been libelled on that account, and therefore took the quickest method to get clear of it. Altliod^h it was dark, before the baggage of the large num number - ber number of travelers going to Rome escaped out of the hands of the custom house officers, the Americans with true energy determined to push on to Rome the same night, and to this end a large carriage was engaged, which was soon rolling over the dark, bleak moors, with its load of mortals, who were quite as willing to trust themselves to the tender mercies of some successor of Fra Diavolo on the road, as to remain among the harpies in the town behind. Many of the horses necessary for our relays, had been sent on to Rome to be blessed at the feast of St Anthony on the morrow, but notwithstanding the delay this caused, soon after midnight a loud knocking made us aware that we were at the gates of Rome. The gates are all closed regularly about nine o'clock. Not until after a good deal of thumping by the driver, were the wide portals thrown open, and then after be being - ing being well looked at by a French officer, who took our passports, we were permitted to enter. Fora long way the carriage rolled through the dark streets, many of them covered with water from the overflowing Tiber, to the quarter of the city in which the hotels are all situated. It is natural for the traveler on approaching this renowned city, called the Eternal, his mind occu occupied - pied occupied in contemplating its former power and its remaining splendor, to feel a sense of awe and reverence, which, though the heart never entirely loses it, is like the mouse's fear of the lion, in a measure dispelled on second sight. A sort of be bewilderment - wilderment bewilderment confuses the mind on nearing the wonders, whose names he has heard pronounced from childhood with reverence, which prevents all appreciation or judgment. Once fairly con confronted - fronted confronted and familiarized by calm observation, their true greatness is seen and their beauty, con continually - tinually continually increasing, is recognized. The next day being Sunday, offered a good op opportunity - portunity opportunity to see St Peters, the first objeetto which the stranger hurries on arriving in Rome. On the way, the Tiber is crossed, which I was pleased to find just as swift and yellow as it was in the days of the Cassars. The grandeur of this great temple has never been exaggerated; the broad piazza, the beautiful fountains so fresh and lively, the lofty obelisk and stately collonades, and be beyond - yond beyond all, and to which all are the adornments, is the front with its pillars, balconies, statues and dome. Tite dome is not seen to advantage from the piazza, It is so much hidden by the high, massive front. A few persons were moving up and down its spreading steps and across the wide piazza, looking not much larger than those in the pictures which represent the scene, one of whose number I soon made, feeling more dwarfish thau I ever did before in my life. Hurrying across the grand vestibule, as large ns two or three of your churches, and blind to its splendor, I laid out my best strength to raise the heavy leathern curtains, and in a moment, stood amid the profusion of art which forms the glory of the interior. The fra fragrant, - grant, fragrant, soft atmosphere, the thousand pictures and statues, bending, looking and beckoning to mo, the swarm of golden lights were there, overwhelm overwhelming - ing overwhelming the eye with all their irresistable claims to its notice.

The State Alm. Heuwa. The legislature has just published the reports of the state alms houses at Bridgewater, Monson and Tewksbury, which, though strangely frag fragmentary, - mentary, fragmentary, present many interesting frets relative to our new system of supporting paupers. The average number last year at Bridgewater was 382, at Monson 334, and 'Bewksbury 705; and there were in the house at Bridgewater, Dec. Ist, 503, and at Monson, Dec. 28th, 615 persons. Of these who attended schools, there were 370 in the three alms houses, 150 st Monson, 120 at Tewksbury and 100 at Bridgewater. Of the 219«5 who have entered the Tewksbury house, 1090 were foreign foreigners, - ers, foreigners, 600 natives of this state an! 390 birthplace unknown. Of 581 at Bridgewater, there were 270 born abroad, and of 429 at Monson, 232 are for foreign, - eign, foreign, making a total of 1592 foreign, out of 3205 paupers. The current expenses at al! th<-se insti institutions - tutions institutions for the last year, amounted to about $77,- 929, which is larger than the sum ordinarily paid for the support of state paupers in local alms houses, rfbt the first rear's experience is no fair criterion, as there are many extra and incidental expanses which are expected on the establishment of these houses, and not likely to be repeated. The whole number at the Monson alms house from May Ist to Dec. Ist, 185-1, were 723, males 458, females 265, colored 30. Of these, 310 were in an unhealthy condition on entering the institu institution, - tion, institution, and 343 have been admitted to the hospital. The number of deaths from May 1 to December 1 were 40,and 14 births. The institution opened , under many disadvantages, among which may be . named the want of drains, keeping the cellar, in in, - , in, eluding the laundry and bakery, continually flood flood' - ' flood' cd with water; and the lack of sheds, fences, and many other fixtures, the supply of all of which coming among the last year's expenses makes the aggregate appear inordinately large. Regard Regardm-' - m-' Regardm-' the WHit-g-' a: M nom the pub!?' are -effi -efficiently - ciently -efficiently well informed. The liabilities of fire, and the almost necessary loss of life in such an event, ' are to be expected when it is considered that the , buildings are of wood, and heated by furnaces; and the subject should be immediately considered by the proper authorities. The whole number of in inmates - mates inmates under 15 years of age are 356, for which large class ample provision has been made in the form of day and Sunday schools, 150 attending the former and 175 the latter. The total expenses at Monson have been about $29,717, of which $5,799 was for proTisions, $3,- 246 for clothing and dry goods, $3,083 for farm stock and implements, $2,339 for fuel and oib $736 for medicine, $1,230 for groceries, and $362 for books. The inventory shows that the addi additions - tions additions to the buildings, their appurtenances, and the clothing, provisions, &c., on hand, which were included in the aggregate expenses named, are worth $19,078, which shows that only $10,469 have been necessary to support the inmates, mak - ing the average weekly board and clothing and care of each person cost only 99 7-10ths cents. The bill of fare at Monson, showing how cheaply ' and yet how well these poor people axe kept, is as } follows: for breakfast each morning, bread, cos- I fee and milk, or meat hash, pork and beans for i such as labor; dinner, Monday and Thursday, beef soup and potatoes; Tuesday and Friday, fish, potatoes and gravy; Wednesday and Satur Saturday, - day, Saturday, pork, beans and potatoes; dinner and supper . on Sunday, cold pork, beans and tea; supperoth supperother - er supperother days, bread, chocolate and milk; diet fornurs - ery children, bread and milk and sometimes meat I and fish for the older ones; for infants milk and I crackers.

A Picture of Life* A maiden of some forty years standing, entered complaint before Esquire Rowecamp, last Satur Saturday, - day, Saturday, against a young man of eighteen summers, for an assault with intent to maim. The sub substance - stance substance of the lady's evidence was that the young man had been waiting upon her for "some seve several - ral several weeks," and when, after she thought he had been coming quite long enough to arrive at " the point," she intimated that his ultimate wishes ought to be made known, he became aggravated, and beside other ungendemanly acts, endeavored to bite her ear. The attorney for the accused, who, like many others of his profession, never allows gallantry to interfere with the rights of his client, brushed np his hair and assumed a position which plainly told that he intended to put the witness through | a scorching examination. ' Miss,' said he, with an impudent, brazen look, so becoming lawyers of a ^ower degree - ' Miss, look at me. I have a few interrogatories to put to you.' ' Well, sir,' replied the witness, unawed by his terrible appearance. ' You said this young man waited on you: ' I did, sir.' ' Did he ever say, or even intimate, that he wished to marry you?' 'That is my business,'remarked the witness with a haughty air. 'Yes, and it is mine, too. You must answer. Please the Court, we wish that question answer answered.' - ed.' answered.' The lady can do as she chooses,' replied the 'Squire. .... ' As the Court please,'remarked the lawyer, not a whit discomfitted. * Now, Miss, you said that my client committed many ungendemanly acts toward you. State particularly what he did?' ' Must I answer that question?' ask.d the lady of the magistrate. ' Yes,' was the reply. ' Weil, sir, he put his arm around my waist. ' Was that ail ?' ' No, sir; he pressed me.' ' Tightly ?' ' Pretty tight.' ' Sufficient to hurt you?' ' I cannot say, sir, that he actually hurt me, but it was an immodest act, to say the least.' ' And so it was, but did you never press him? ' That is none of your business, sir/ ' Hasn't he often pressed you ? * I shall not answer such impertinent questions, sir-' ' Very well,' replied the attorney, - then we wdl leave that point.' 'Are you sure he attempted to bite your ear? 'Yes, sir.' 'Did he not merely attempt to kiss it? 'Kiss my ear? The lips are to be kissed, not the ear, sir.' 'I am aware of that fact, Miss; but what I want to get at is this: whether yon have not been in the habit of kissing each other, and if you didnottell him on this occasion that no one but an engaged beau could ever kiss you again; and that, in en endeavoring - deavoring endeavoring to kiss you, he accidentally got your ear in his mouth?' 'Sir, your impertinence is intolerable, replied the lady, the color rushing to her cheeks. 'I insist, Miss, on the question being answered. 'Well, sir, you won't get a reply from me. 'Does the court hear that?' asked the attorney in triumph. The magistrate insisted that the question was a proper one. The lady h#itated, but her passion being aroused by repeated appeals, she approach approached - ed approached her late beau, gave him a terrible slap in the face, told him she would not 'have him for his weight in gold,'and then left the office. Though [ jealous of the dignity of his court, the magistrate ; thought it best to let her go; and with rhe remark i that he supjxised the complaint was made from i disappointed love, discharged the accused, and \ entered the costs against the disappointed old maid. The sc ne caused considerable merriment j in court. - Cincinnati Times.

A Boa rd ins School Advenlure*»A 'Cousin* Done For. [From a letter from a boarding school Miss.) I must tell you about an affair of Emms H.'s, that happened last Saturday. A young man, who had been paying some attention to her, had agreed to come and pass off as her cousin and take her out carriage-riding, under the pretence that he was taking her to his father's, a few miles in the country: but his father does not live with within - in within a hundred miles of this. Well, he came ac according - cording according to appointment, introduced himself as Emma's cou<in, and asked to take her home with him to spend the afternoon. Miss W. said she had not the slightest objection, asked how far it was and in what direction, and told Emma to get ; ready and go. But when Emma was ready to start, Miss W. also came down ready dressed, and said that, as their carriage was large enough for three, she would go along with them part of the way and stop at a friend's, who lived a short 1 distance from the uncle that Emma was going to and they might stop for her as they eame i back in the evening. Of course they could do no i Ix-tter than tell her they would be glad to have her go with them, although they would have a : dull time with her along; but they thought they could make up for it by having a nice social ride after Miss W. stopped at the friend's. So off they started in fine spirits, and when they had gone three or four miles they began to expect that every house they came to would be the one that Miss W. would stop at; but she did'nt stop at any. Finally, when they bad gone some five or six miles. Miss W. said she must have passed the house by some mistake, for they had certainly traveled twice as far as it was from town; but since they had passed it, she would not trouble them to turn back with her, but would go on with Emma to her uncle's and stop just a minute at her friend's as they came back. There was what vou might call 'a fix,' and Emma and her beau could do nothing but drive on. So on they drove and on they drove; but driving on did not drive awav their troubles. At last, when they had gone eight or ten miles, he said that the road mu-t have been changed in some way, for be had undoubtedly gone astray, and, as they had gone so far, and it was drawing late, they would not have time to find the right way. So they came back to town, and when Miss W. got out of the carriage she told Em's beau that when he ascertained how the road had been changed she would be very hoppy to go along with Emma anv Saturday to spend an afternoon at her uncle's. ' Since that we have sc- n nothing of Em's cousin; but it will be a long time before she hears of the last of her visit to her uncle's.

©lje ^epnbiiran. Printed, both Daily anil Weakly, at the Republican Printing Establishment, corner of Sanford and Mar Market - ket Market atrocto, SrßtxarißLD, Massachusktts, by SAMUEL BOWLES A COMPANY. Daily Paver go a year, or 10 cents a week. Weekly Paver 81,50 a year. No paper is sent without the cash In advance; and tt is invariably stopped when the time of payment ex expires. - pires. expires. Every Saturday the Daily Republican is printed on a double sheet, with several pages of extra read reading, - ing, reading, embracing editorials, stories, sketches, poetry, and carefully chosen miscellany. The Weekly Republican is the largest newspaper in New England, and is printed in the quarto form, with eight pages of six columns each, and but a limit limited - ed limited space devoted to advertisements. It is published on Saturdays. A supplementary edition is published on Wednesdays. The circulation of the Daily Republican is 3600, of the Weekly 1200; which is superior to any other Journal In New England out of Boston, and surpassed by only a portion of the press in that city. SAMUEL BOWLES. J. O. HOLLAND. CLARK W. BRYAN. POLITICS. A large number of the old whigs of Hartford published a card before the election, protesting against the nomination of the know-nothing can candidate - didate candidate for Congress by the Whig convention, and repudiating the nomination and the nominee. - Among them were Wm. H. Imley, Henry C. Deming, (the mayor), George P. Bissell, Charles H. Northam, John L. Bunce, Chauncey Howard, James M. Goodwin, W. H. D. Callender, George Beach, Jr., Isaac W. Stuart, C. H. Sigourney, J. M. B. McNary, D. W. Clark, James M. Bunce, D. F. Robinson, and Alfred Watkinson, - the whole a very capital list - at the bank. Many of them we presume voted for the administration candi candidate - date candidate in order to show 'proper resentment.' There was a grand congratulatory meeting at Portsmouth, N. H., last Friday evening, over the recent victory of anti-Nebraskaism in the Granite state. The freedom leaven worked out gener generously - ously generously in the speeches, which were numerous and inspiriting. Of the orators were Icabod Good Goodwin - win Goodwin of Portsmouth, ex-Governor Anthony Colby, Amos Tuck of Exeter, Anson Burlingame of this state, Daniel Clark of Manchester, and Charles W. Slack, and other lights of the anti slavery and American party of Boston. A correspondent of the Boston Boe, who ap pears to be the inspector himself, corrects the

delegation in the lower Congressional branch 'are earnestly in favor of the removal of Judge Loring.' We suspect not - quite. They have all been consulted, and there is at least one except exception - ion exception to the general response in favor of the pro proposed - posed proposed removal. National councils of the know-nothing order are matters of almost every day occurrence; and their labors and conclusions ooze out to the world, like struggling springs, distant from the original scene of the secret throes. Thus we have this divulgement from the Louisville, Ky., Journal: - "Wo have been informed, on what we regard as wholly unquestionable authority, that a nation national - al national council of the American or know nothing par party - ty party was held a few days ago in the city of New York; that it consisted of numerous delegates from all parts of the union; that a motion was made by one of its members to engraft free soil soilism - ism soilism upon the party creed; and that the resolution was voted down unanimously. We do not know that the American party will fully succeed in na nationalizing - tionalizing nationalizing itself in regard to the slavery ques question, - tion, question, but we believe that it is making a sincere and earnest effort to do so in despite of the exer exertions - tions exertions of some influential men in its organization; and we hope, trust, andbelievethatit will be suc successful." - cessful." successful." the work of 'crushing-out' free soilism from the elements of the American organization is perfected and the slavery papers signed, scaled and delivered, let us have the news this way as early as possible. School won't keep that day in Massachusetts. Joseph H. Bradley, a criminal lawyer of much ability, and a Pierce democrat of the hardest shell, Nebraskaism and all, has been appointed by the governor and council, district attorney for Boston, in place of George W. Cooley, whig, re removed. - moved. removed. The salary of this office has been raised to $3,000. This won't do: one of the deputies of the new sheriff of Boston bears the name of Francis-O. Irish ! At the adjourned representative election in Meredith, N. H., last week, the know nothings elected their ticket by 100 majority. But three persons have died in consequence of the breaking through of the floor of the town hall at the first meeting.