Major Bibliographical References (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Primary location of additional data: - preliminary determination of individual listing (36 * State Historic Preservation Office CFR 67) has been requested - Other State agency - previously listed in the National Register - Federal agency X previously determined eligible by the National - Local government L University - designated a National Historic Landmark - Other - recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey - recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # Significant Dates 1912 Name of repository: Bibilography religious purposes. Register Architecture of a type, period, or method of construction or Architect/Builder see continuation sheet Criteria Considerations Significant Person individual distinction. our history.
B Property is associated with the lives of persons D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, A owned by a religious institution or used for Property is: Period of Significance (Enter categories from instructions) A Property is associated with events that have made Areas of Significance distinguishable entity whose components lack G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance Cultural Affiliation Previous documentation on file (NPS): not known C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics United States Department of the Interlor Continuation Sheet Bellaire, Belmont Co., OH The Zweig Building is a handsome early 20th century commercial building located on a corner lot along Belmont Street, the major commercial thoroughfare in the downtown area of Bellaire, Ohio.
The building is located at the north end of the central business district; smaller-scale commercial buildings and residential structures extend to the north of the building, and continuous commercial facades extend to the south. Union Park, a large public square, is located diagonally across the street from the Zweig Building. Built in 1912, the Zweig Building is a large four-story commercial structure designed to house retail space on the first floor, with offices above. The building clearly reflects an early 20th century preference for straightforward and utilitarian design, with its materials and attention to details, the Zweig Building is an excellent example of commercial architecture from the period. The building, which measures 8 by 16 bays, has two principal facades -- those facing Belmont and 34th streets (photo #1).
These elevations have yellow pressed brick wall surfaces; pilasters separating every pair of windows; and contrasting orange brick, decorative tile, and patterned brickwork ornamentation is linear in form and reinforces the ordered nature of the facades. The Belmont Street (west) facade features two storefronts, with recessed entrances and a separate recessed entrance leading to the upper floors. The storefronts have brick bulkheads, large display windows, and prism glass transoms. (photo #2). The storefronts are separated by a brick pier with a tooled stone base. Although the storefronts have been partially rebuilt in recent years, they retain the three elements of storefronts of the period - - bulkhead, display window, and transom. A recent signboard extends across the building above the storefronts. A recessed entrance, with double wooden doors, leads into a small storefronts.
A stone beltcourse separates the first and second floor levels, and stone sills are used throughout the building. Decorative square clay tile panels are located on the pilasters on the second floor level on this facade. Another feature found only on this facade is the row of small rectangular windows, with clay tile ornamentation located above the fourth floor windows and beneath the parapet (photo #3). The 34th Street (north) facade is nearly identical to that facing Belmont Street, although it Description ornamentation, all of which create a visually interesting composition.
Nearly all of the symmetrical facades;ornamentation integrated into the wall surfaces; simple double-hung Zweig Building lobby and to the staircase leading upstairs.This entrance is located between the two one-over-one windows; and restrained parapet design:Through the use of contrasting National Register of Historic Places National Park Service Page - has large display windows rather than storefronts along its length (photo #4). These large Section number _ 7 United States Department of the Interior National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Bellaire, Belmont Co., OH Description (continued) windows have prism glass transoms and two of the windows have balconies above. The orange brick banding and other ornamentation is continued on this elevation, including the raised brick panels in the parapet. There are several entrances to the building's basement on this elevation.
The accesswell leading to them is separated from the sidewalk by an 6). Several doors are located on the rear elevation and one large opening has been infilled with brick. This is the only elevation that does not have a parapet, since the roof slopes to drain along the rear of the building. The side elevation has four small chimneys and an The interior of the building consists of two large commercial spaces on the first floor, with stamped metal ceiling, five panel wood doors and wood floors. The northern space also has its original pendant light fixtures. An entry hall is located between the commercial spaces, in the front of the building (photo #11). This entry hall, the elevator core, and the staircase between the first and second floors were rebuilt in the mid 1980s.
The second and third floors consist of L-shaped hallways with two staircases -- one in located near the front stairway, also connects all the floor levels. The staircases on the newel posts, and all the hallways have their original stamped metal ceilings. A series of rooms, of varying sizes, opens off the hallways (photos #18, 19). Nearly all retain their original pressed metal ceilings, five- panel doors, doorways with transoms, and window and door trim. A few of the hallways and individual rooms also have "schoolhouse" pendant light fixtures. Wood floors and plaster walls exist throughout the building. The only real change on these floors has been the addition of newer bathrooms, located adjacent to the elevator core, off the hallways; and the creation of a modern apartment in the northwest corner of the second floor.
The fourth floor is one large open space with the elevator core as the only enclosure in the space. The pressed metal ceiling is intact throughout and the two staircases terminate with simple Craftsman-inspired railings (photos # 20-25). iron railing. unadorned parapet. Zweig Building and segmental arched window openings with double-hung one-over-one sash (photos #5, The rear (east) and side (south) elevations are red brick, with a combination of rectangular second floor and above have not been altered;they have simple square balustrades and several openings connecting them (photos # 7-10, 12,13). Each space has its original front and one in back--that connect all of the floors (photos #14-17).An elevator core, National Park Service Page 2 Section number 7 National Park Service Bellaire, Belmont Co., OH Section number , 8 Page .
The Zweig Building retains an exceptionally high level of integrity, with nearly all of its original architectural features and finishes intact. With its highly-visible location on a corner lot across from Union Park, it maintains a significant presence in the Bellaire Statement of Significance The Zweig Building is eligible for the National Register under Criterion C as an excellent and well-preserved example of an early 20th century downtown commercial structure in Bellaire, Ohio. Built in 1912, the building retains its distinctive architectural features, including the use of contrasting brickwork on the major elevations; storefront and display staircase railings, doors and woodwork, and wood floors. The building was designed and its prominent corner location at the northern edge of downtown. It was built during the coal, steel and glass boom in the Upper Ohio Valley.
Bellaire is located along the Ohio River, less than 10 miles south of Wheeling, West Virginia, in Belmont County, Ohio. Throughout most of the 19th and the first half of the Limestone and sandstone quarries were also important at the turn of the century. The first shipment of coal left Bellaire, by river, in 1832. The rich coal deposits in the vicinity led to the rapid development of railroads in the city, beginning with the Baltimore & Ohio in 1848. It was followed by the Columbus, Newark & Zanesville Railroad (1854), the Cleveland & Pittsburgh Railroad (1856), the Cleveland, Lorain & Wheeling Railroad (1876) and the Bellaire, Zanesville & Cincinnati Railroad (1882). By the 1880s, Bellaire was able to ship coal by rail and river to a vast network of markets. The Belmont Glass Company was established in 1861 and was the first of many glassworks to be established in Bellaire.
By 1901, when Imperial Glass Company was established, there were 18 "glassmaking houses" in the city, giving Bellaire the name of "Glass City". Imperial Glass grew rapidly and became one of the major glass manufacturers in the nation. Historical Context 20th centuries, Bellaire's economy was largely dependent on the coal and glass industries. windows; upper floor windows; and interior finishes including pressed metal ceilings, Zweig Building commercial streetscape.
Description (continued) built with quality materials, attention to detail, and to make an architectural statement with Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places United States Department of the Interior United States Department of the Interlor National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Bellaire, Belmont Co., OH Statement of Significance (continued) Along with the industrial growth and generation of wealth in Bellaire came the development of the downtown commercial district.
A 1901 history stated, "The City of Bellaire is the commercial and manufacturing metropolis of Belmont County and has entered upon an era of prosperity unsurpassed in its history." At the time, the population was slightly under 10,000 people; the Empire Coal Company owned 30,000 acres south and west of the city; and the city boasted a steel mill, foundries, nail works, brick and glass The first quarter of the twentieth century marked a period of tremendous industrial growth in the upper Ohio Valley extending from Bellaire north to East Liverpool (Columbiana County). The communities located in this 50 mile stretch along the Ohio River were population in these Ohio Valley communities continued to grow as the expanding followed and many of the downtowns in this area also saw considerable construction during this period.
In addition to Bellaire, Mingo Junction, Steubenville, Bridgeport, and East Liverpool have examples of brick commercial blocks with similar characteristics -- other communities have been altered over the years, it is still clear from visiting these The central business district of Bellaire developed along Belmont Street, a north-south street which parallels the Ohio River, south of the Public Square (later renamed Union confectionery was added to the residence in 1908. John Zweig, who was a prominent 1902 but waited 10 years to build the Zweig Building (also known as the Zweig Block). Zweig's House Furnishings business was located in the building, with a number of doctors and other small office occupants on the upper floors. A clothing store was listed as the tenant of the south storefront on the 1915 Sanborn map. The mixed retail-office uses continued well into the 1960s.
The property remained in the Zweig family until 1934. Mary Hack purchased the building in 1934 and sold it in 1971 to Kuchinka Chevrolet. The Kuchinka family continued to maintain the building and Ann Kuchinka began to companies. Building on the 1888Sanborn map, with a small millinery shop added by 1890.A industries offered jobs and economic opportunity.Other commercial development flat facades with glazed brick or terracotta ornamentation and parapets with company Zweig Building known nationally for their production of coal, steel, china, pottery, and glass. The names. Although many of these early 2o" century commercial buildings in Bellaire and communities, that the early 2o" century was a boom period for this region of the state.
local hardware and furniture dealer in the late 19th century, purchased this property in Park).A small commercial building and a residence occupied the site of the Zweig Section number8Page National Park Service Page _ 4 National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Bellaire, Belmont Co., OH Statement of Significance (continued) renovate it in the late 1980s and early 1990s. In doing so, she retained important architectural features and finishes. The building has been unoccupied for at least 10 As in many industrial communities, Bellaire's economy has changed radically in the second half of the 20th century. The coal mining industry employs a small fraction of the people it once did, and most of the other industries from the early 20th century are gone.
The widening of State Route 7 along the Ohio River in the 1980s resulted in the demolition of is not the only early 20th century commercial structure in downtown Bellaire, but it is the one that has the highest degree of architectural integrity. Other buildings have had The Zweig Building represents the commercial development of Bellaire during its period of greatest prosperity. It remains today an excellent visual reminder of the community's The Ohio SHPO and the National Park Service approved a Part 1 application for this Register criteria. Belmont County History 1988. Ohio Extension Homemakers, Belmont County, 1989. Bellaire City Directories.various years McKelvey, Hon. A.T., ed. Centennial History of Belmont County, Ohio. Chicago: Biographical Publishing Company, 1901. Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps of Bellaire, Ohio. New York: The Sanborn Insurance Company, 1888, 1890, 1908, 1915.
Bibliography years. property on March 21, 1999 indicating that the property appears to meet the National past and an outstanding example of early 2o" century commercial architecture. however, the downtown area still serves the needs of local residents. The Zweig Building in downtown Bellaire is the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Bridge, a cut-stone viaduct, dating storefronts and/or upper floors altered, and in one case, the entire facade ofa four story from 1871. Zweig Building National Park Service building was covered in a shingled material. Currently, the only National Register listing a large number of significant homes and other buildings.Even with these changes, United Statee Dopartment of the Interior Section number 8, 9 Page Belmont Co., Ohio 10.
Geographical Data UTM References - See continuation sheet Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By name/title _ Nancy Recchie/consultant Benjamin D. Rickey & Co. _ date 9/7/99 city or town _ - state - zip code Additional Documentation Continuation Sheets A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. Representative black and white photographs of the property. (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) Property Owner street & number 184 W. Main St. telephone 740-983-4566 .
zip code_43206 Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.). Photographs name Maps Easting Zone telephone_614-221-0358 Columbus Northing organization (Complete this item at the request of SHPO or FPO.) Additional items Submit the following items with the completed form: Zweig Building (Place additional UTMreferences ona continuation sheet.) Acreage of Property - les6 than 1 acre street & number 593 S. Fifth St. properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings.
Response to this request is required to obtain Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimatedto average 18.1hours per response including time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Projects (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. Bellaire Housing Partners, Ltd., c/o Mark Leatherwood Ashville National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Bellaire, Belmont Co., OH Lots #11 and 12 in Block #4 of the Original Plat of the City of Bellaire, Ohio. constitutes all of the land associated with the property during its period of significance. 1. Property Name 3. Photographer Jeffrey Darbee 4. Location of Negatives Benjamin D. Rickey & Co. 593 South Fifth Street Columbus, Ohio 43206 5.
Date of Photos Photo Numbers and Views 34" Street. Photo taken from Union Park. 2. Detail of storefronts on west elevation. Detail of decorative treatment on upper floors of west elevation. Photographs Page 2. County, State Verbal Boundary Description Photographs (continued) Verbal Boundary Justification Zweig Building View of main (west) and side (north) elevations, facing Belmont Street and Belmont County, Ohio August, 1999 The following information applies to all photos: The nominated property is the parcel on which the Zweig Building is located and National Park Service Section number _ 10 United States Department of the Interlor National Register of Historic Places Bellaire, Belmont Co., OH 6. View of side (south) elevation. Detail of interior of northern commercial storefront window, facing Belmont 8. View of northern commercial space, looking toward rear of building.
Detail of freight elevator between basement and first floor at rear of northern 13. View of southern commercial space, looking toward Belmont Street. 15. View of front staircase, looking west toward front of building., on second floor. 17. View of rear staircase, looking west toward front of building, on second floor. 18. View of large space in southeast corner of building, looking east, on second floor. floor. Photographs (continued) Street. Section number View of northern commercial space, looking toward front of building, showing Entrance lobby to upper floors looking from entrance toward elevator. commercial space. Zweig Building View of rear (east) elevation. View of hallway, looking east from front staircase, on second floor.
Photo Numbers and Views Photos Page Continuation Sheet View of second floor hallway, looking east from midpoint in hallway, on second row of windows on the 34"h Street elevation. National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Bellaire, Belmont Co., OH Photo Numbers and Views View of fourth floor, looking east, from northwest corner of building. View of fourth floor front staircase and elevator core from northwest corner of View of fourth floor rear staircase, looking north, from southeast corner of 25. Fourth floor staircase detail. building. Photographs (continued) Photos Zweig Building View of typical smaller space in building, looking north, on third floor. Section number View of fourth floor, looking south, from northwest corner of building. View of fourth floor, looking southeast, from northwest corner of building.
National Park Service United States Department of the Interior Page - COMMERCIAL DISTRICT BELMONTCO, OHI OHIO RIVER WEIG DUILDING 28TH UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET NAME : DATE OF 16TH DAY: DATE OF 45TH DAY: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: APPEAL: N N PERIOD: PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: COMMENT WAIVER: N V ACCEPT ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS : DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N TELEPHONE DATE RETURN DISCIPLINE REJECT MULTIPLE 2/12/00 OTHER: REVIEWER 1/27/00 12/29/99 RECOM./CRITERIA PDIL: DATE RECEIVED: REASONS FOR REVIEW: DATE OF PENDING LIST: 1- 28@OATE 1/11/00 LESS THAN 5O YEARS: BELLAIRE BELMONT Co, OH1O BELLAIRE, BELMONT Co, OH10 BELLAIRE, BELMONT CO., OHIO CWEI BUILDING ZWEI6 BUILDING BELLAIRE, BELMONT CO, OHIO ZWEI6 BUILDING BELLAIRE, BELMONTCO, OHIO ZWEl6 BUILDING ZWEIG BUILDING WHEELING, W.
VA.- OHIO UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) WEST VIRGINIA -OHIO 1994 WHEELING QUADRANGLE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BELLAIRE Ohio Historic Preservation Office 567 East Hudson Street Columbus, Ohio 43211-1030 614/ 297-2470 Fax: 614/ 297-2496 Visit us at www.ohiohistory.org/resource/histpres/ SINCE 1885 December 20, 1999 National Park Service National Register, History & Education Programs Mail Stop 2280, Suite 400 1849 C. Street, NW Washington, D. C. 20240 Dear Ms. Shull: Enclosed please find one (1) new National Register nomination. All appropriate notification procedures have been followed for this new submission. NEW SUBMISSION If you have questions or comments about these documents, please contact this office. Amos J. Loveday, Jr. State Historic Preservation Officer COUNTY SOCIETY Sincerely, enclosures HISTORICAL Belmont Zweig Building Ms.
Carol Shull, Chief of Registration
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