Major Bibliographical References (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS) -State Historic Preservation Office -preliminary determination of individual listing (36 DOther State agency CFR 67) has been requested. - previously listed in the National Register -Local government - previously determined eligible by the National X Other -designated a National Historic Landmark Ohio Historical Society Drecorded by Historic American Buildings Survey Drecorded by Historic American Engineering Record Primary location of additional data Property is: Register Bibliography Architecture Federal agency University Architect/Builder religious purposes. patterns of our history.
for National Register listing) Name of repository: (Enter categories from instructions) (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) Ca birthplace ora grave. A owned by a religious institution or used for (Mark *X* in all the boxes that apply.) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH Statement of Significance historic association with the Underground Railroad in northern Ohio and also under Criterion C as a locally rare and early Ohio example of a modified Continental plan house in the Federal Underground Railroad as specified in the Underground Railroad Resources in Ohio (MPDF, draft, 1999) and the Underground Railroad Resources in the United States Theme Study (NPS, 1998).
architectural integrity and has been recognized locally for well over a century for its involvement on the Underground Railroad. Alum Creek, the first Quaker settlement in Morrow County, settled ca. contemporary and secondary literature. Historical Background Alum Creek was among the first Euro-American settlements in Morrow County, and is the oldest side of Alum Creek. Around this time fifteen families, including the Reuben and Aaron Benedicts, the Osborns and Keenes moved to Alum Creek, erected cabins and established what would Society of Friends was established, and in 1821 the Alum Creek Monthly Meeting became part of the new Still Water Quarter, later becoming part of the Indiana Yearly Meeting (Historical Records Survey, 7 October 1940).
also served on the committee "to regulate prices for labor and materials for a new meeting house." A monument of "boulder cone," presently unaccounted for, was subsequently placed on the site of this pioneer church (Minutes, 29 March 1821; History Morrow County, p. 431). A brick meeting house was built in 1822. The present frame building located on SR 229 was erected in 1854 and remodeled in 1944 and 1962 (Alum Creek Meeting, p. 6). Township, Clinton County, New York, came to Ohio and settled along the banks of Alum Creek Worthington-New Haven Road, the first dedicated road along the west bank of Alum Creek, was Section number _ Page 1 vernacular style.
The Benedict House meets the registration requirements for "stations" on the Although altered after the period of significance, the house retains a relatively high degree of 1812, was a strategic safe haven on the Underground Railroad and is widely documented in Quaker meeting in the county. In 1812 Cyrus and Hannah Benedict purchased land on the east become known as the "Quaker Settlement." In 1817 a permanent monthly meeting, the Peru In 1817, land for a new meeting house and cemetery was purchased from Reuben Benedict, who Reuben Benedict was born in Connecticut in 1768, married Anna Stephens and moved to New York state. In 1812 several Benedict families, part of a contingent of 67 people from Peru Built ca. 1828, the Reuben Benedict House (MRW-261-16) is significant under Criterion A for its one mile south of South Woodbury.
This group was known locally as the "New Yorkers." The United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH surveyed by Colonel Kilbourne and opened in 1825 (History Morrow County, pp. 428-429; 438). Baskin's history of Morrow County claims "Reuben Benedict's brick house was the first of that Reuben Benedict was the first recorded miller in the township, operating a saw and gristmill on the east side of Alum Creek as early as 1818. (Remnants of a millrace were observed during a site Gaylord. The 1835 and 1836 tax duplicate records for Peru Twp. indicate Reuben Benedict then owned 150 acres with a total assessed value of $433. While one history states Reuben and Anna Benedict had 12 children, census records suggest none resided at home by 1850 (Memorial Record, p.
158; population census, 1850). Although a house was not enumerated, Adam Benedict, believed to be one of Reuben Benedict's 12 children, appears as the owner of a "House" and 30 acres valued at $129. Benedict and Whipple also owned a saw and grist mill valued at $343 (Tax Duplicates 1835-1836). In May 1848 the then 80 year-old Reuben Benedict sold his 78 acre farm to William Oliver (Deed William Oliver and his family. Oliver sold the grist mill in 1853 to Harvey Benedict and it was subsequently operated by Bunker & Hance. Reuben Benedict died in 1854 and Catherine maintained a right of dower "in the premises" until her death in 1872 (Deed Book 8, Page 113). William Oliver is listed in the 1860 census as a fifty year-old farmer from Virginia. Living with him, his wife and three children was Catherine Benedict.
The value of Oliver's real estate was $8,800 and personal property $2,300 (manuscript population census, 1860). Some local informants have indicated William Oliver operated a roadhouse known as the Temperance Hotel, but this has not been corroborated (Repogle). Although their marked headstones have not been found, it is believed Reuben and Catherine Benedict are buried in the Alum Creek Friends Cemetery (many headstones are illegible). The Oliver family sold the house and farm in 1877 to C. C. Smith and Historic Context and the Underground Railroad Network in Ohio: between the slave-holding South and British North America, Ohio from ca. 1815-1865 played an integral role in the secretive network of escaped slave routes and trails known as the Underground houses [Peru Twp.] were erected" (Baughman, p. 436). kind in the[Peru] township"(p.
429).Baughman's 1911history notes"ln 1828 the first two brick Section number _ visit in 1999). Anna Stephens Benedict died in 1831 and Reuben Benedict then married Catharine 1820s and 1860s, the majority crossing at border settlements along the eastern and western ends Book 1, Page 40). The 1850 census lists Reuben and Catharine as living in the same house as Given its lengthy common border with slave states Kentucky and Virginia, and its strategic location Railroad. It is currently estimated some 20,000 African Americans settled in Canada between the Page 2 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number _8 BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH of Lake Erie (Ricketts, "Commemorating the UGRR", 33).
Ohio's early involvement in the UGRR is largely attributed to "its geographical location between the slave states and Canada and the National estimates of the number of total fugitives range as high as 100,000, of which Ohio is estimated to have received no less than 40,000 (UGRR Handbook, p. 52; Gara, p. 191). John African American on the Toledo, Ohio, police force, recited portions of a song her mother used to dancing waves. I'm upon the Northern banks, and beneath the Lion's paw, And he'll growl if you Described by cultural geographers as an unincorporated hamlet, Alum Creek is a collection of settlement and Quaker meeting were named for Alum Creek, the principal watercourse that flows from Mt. Gilead south to Columbus. Given the presence of so many Quakers, Alum Creek was also known as "Quakertown," and as such became an important safe haven on the UGRR.
Alum Creek was located along one of two principal routes in north-central Ohio on the Underground Railroad (Alum Creek Meeting, p. 13). The route linking Worthington to Greenwich in Huron County roughly connected Ozem Gardner's farm north of Worthington to Alum Creek, Mt. Gilead Friends settlement, Iberia and Plymouth, while the route from Westerville north linked Sunbury, Fredericktown, Mansfield and Greenwich (Figure 4; Siebert, Box 109). Underground Railroad stations usually resulted from a number of influences, including a sizeable fugitive and free black population and an active Quaker fellowship, as well as locally strong convictions about the injustice of slavery (UGRR Handbook, p. 59). As early as 1840 an anti-slavery constitution was south, Columbus abolitionists were outspoken about assisting fugitive slaves.
In 1852 one William Mathews, a former slave, recalled in 1937, "When slavery was going on there was the sing, "I was advertised for sale, and I would have been in jail, If I had not crossed the deep, Page 3 character of the early settlers from New England and the Quaker settlements of North Carolina 'underground railway' in Ohio." Another former slave, Julia King, widow of Albert King, the first come near the shore" (Mathews, Slave Narrative, 72; King, Slave Narrative, 59). farms and houses clustered along Alum Creek and the Worthington-New Haven Road. Both the signed by members of the Presbyterian Church in Mt.Gilead (Howe, p. 316).
Thirty miles to the Columbus newspaper carried a letter stating the "underground railroad, and especially the express train, is doing a good business just now," having "good and competent conductors." Another Columbus abolitionist told the story that Ohio's Underground Railroad had been "in successful Underground Railroad probably served more fugitives than any other in the North." Significantly, Ohio had a boundary extending nearly 400 miles along the two slave states of Virginia and who found people of their own race would house them during passage (Gara, p.54). As early as 1817 leading Kentuckians protested the numbers of blacks escaping into Ohio (Blockson, p. 206). Kentucky (Blockson, pp. 83-84).
Ohio's black communities also attracted many escaping runaways United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH station." (History of Franklin and Pickaway Counties, p. 424). Henry Howe, Ohio's leading nineteenth century chronicler, wrote in 1891, "A branch of the 'underground railroad' which passed Peru and Washington Townships" (Howe, p. 316). Antebellum Quakers in Morrow County held a particularly important role in the Underground Railroad.
"The Society of Friends," stated Baskin's 1880 history of Morrow County, has been long noted for its Antislavery principles, and the fugitive slave found no warmer or therefore, was the signal for the coming of these fugitives, and the underground railroad Several properties in and around the Alum Creek community hold important historical associations Alum Creek settlement (see Underground Railroad Handbook, NPS, 1998, inside front cover). To date only two pages of this remarkable journal [April - September 1844] are known to exist. The Daniel Osborn House, built ca. 1828, was one of a number of UGRR stops in Peru Township. While the house still exists, it has been substantially altered and no longer retains historic integrity from the period of significance. On the west bank of Alum Creek and one mile south of SR 229 is the Aaron Benedict House (MRW-260-16; see Figure 5). Built ca.
1857 by Aaron L. Benedict, Alum Creek's most active Aaron Benedict's biography, son Griffith Benedict recalled: Every effort in his power was put forth to relieve the sufferings of the race, and relieve them from cruel bondage. His house was one of the principal depots on the through line of the "underground rail road, from the Ohio River to Canada. Hundreds of poor fugitives have been fed and lodged beneath his roof, and when the curse of slavery was wiped from our 144-146). operation for several years," and that stations were typically located "ten miles apart"(Gara, pp.
Section number _ Page The earliest published reference to Alum Creek the form preparer could find appeared in 1880 in a county history that said of Ozem Gardner, "He used to conduct them [fugitives] to Eden, in Delaware County, or to the Quaker settlement; sometimes up Alum Creek, to another friendly through the township [Gilead], did a considerable business, though the principal depots were in was soon an established institution in the early community settled here (Baskin, p. 331). with the Quakers and the Underground Railroad. Perhaps the most revealing primary document is taken from Friend Daniel Osborn's 1844 diary entries listing fugitive slaves passing through the conductor, the house reputedly sheltered 60 fugitives during a single month in 1855.
In writing land, by that glorious and crowning act of the immortal Lincoln - the emancipation United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number _ Page BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH proclamation-he did not fold his hands, but redoubled his efforts in relieving the wants of the suffering freedmen (Benedict Family Book). Despite its documented UGRR associations, the house has recently been altered both on the evaluation of this significant property is warranted.
Underground Railroad and the Society of Friends (Criterion A): The Reuben Benedict House is a physical manifestation of the Underground Railroad in Ohio and as such represents an important property type, the "station," described in Underground Railroad attracted considerable numbers from each of these groups and their sects, and in areas where they overlapped, such as in Logan and Jefferson Counties [Mt. Pleasant], the UGRR was approved of the Underground Railroad, and as one historian notes, their role in the UGRR is Distressed many Quakers, not only because it was a violation of the Fugitive Slave Law (after 1850), but because it necessitated lying when questioned by the authorities - and Quakers prided themselves on maintaining a reputation for strict honesty (Burke and Bensch, p. 245).
individual actions were manifested by the Quaker's belief in truth and honesty, and the notion that "concerns" for matters such as peace and the abolition of slavery went hand in hand with action the steady migration of farmers, merchants and craftsman to Ohio and Indiana (Brown, p.2). In 1844, the Indiana Yearly Meeting, which for many years encompassed the Alum Creek Monthly known Cincinnati printer (Minutes Indiana Yearly Meeting, 1844). Resources in Ohio. The Society of Friends, along with abolitionist Presbyterians and increasingly denounced the institution of slavery (Burke and Bensch, p.244). Yet not all Quakers Yet we know many Friends participated in the Underground Railroad. In large measure their interior and exterior and does not appear to meet the National Register integrity criteria.
Further Meeting, authorized the re-printing of an important anti-slavery treatise entitled, An Appeal on the Inequity of Slavery and the Slave-Trade, which was first printed in London by the Society of United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH Throughout the antebellum period, Quaker meetings regularly posed questions, or queries, meeting. For example, during numerous meetings of the Alum Creek Meeting Friends were encouraged to avoid using articles or goods produced by slaves. Aaron Benedict's obituary, published ca. 1867 said, "So conscientious was he in regard to slavery, that he would neither use slave" (Aaron Benedict obituary).
In October 1838 the Alum Creek Meeting responded to the query on slavery with these words: We believe friends generally are careful to bear a testimony against slavery, and to provide During the period from the mid-1830s until Emancipation, Alum Creek Meeting raised considerable Creek established a Committee on the Concerns of People of Color. In 1835 the minutes indicated "the sum of $49.10 has been raised and been forwarded for the benefit of friends in North Carolina From 1851 through 1858 the Alum Creek Meeting donated over $400 to assist in the emancipation, relocation and education of slaves from Virginia and North Carolina to Ohio. "Most limits by John Warwick of Virginia, by John Newlin and George C. Mendenhall and others of North and die, slaves or exiles" (Minutes, June 1858).
The Committee on the Concerns of People of Color was a large body, numbering 41 members, and included Aaron Benedict and Livius Benedict. Funds were also used to assist in the education of freed black children (Minutes, June woman belonging to our society."The minutes of the Alum Creek Meeting show an extended and deeply held concern for the welfare of emancipated slaves. Asa Williams, chairman of the Committee reported to the Meeting in 1859: in industry, intelligence and moral worth to their white neighbors around them (Minutes, June 1859). September 1835, p.8). Carolina.The laws of these statesprohibited emancipation on their soil-the enslaved must live Section number Page poor and slavery. These queries were read, discussed and recorded in the minutes at each in a suitable manner for the free coloured [sic] people under their care.
And they have been who claimed our aid,"wrote Asa Williams in 1858, "were slaves, emancipated and removed to our With regard to the character of our colored population, we think we can safely say that considering the disadvantages and disabilities under which they labor, they are fully equal instructed in useful learning (Minutes, 1 October 1838). to aid them in removing the people of colour [sic] under their care to free government (Minutes, 28 1858;March 1859).These children were taught by"competent colored teachers"and"a young United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH blacks, at least as safe as any place in antebellum Ohio could be. Black freeholders were reported and placed under our [Alum Creek] direction" by George C.
Mendenhall of North Carolina "settled in the neighborhood of Alum Creek" (Minutes, September 1855; September 1856; December 1857). Mendenhall, a Quaker who owned a large plantation in Guilford County, was a prominent to be, to set them free by removing them to a free state or country in your own lifetime for you cannot let them free here in this State, either by deed or will, because the Laws will not allow thereof" ("Jamestown Historic District," National Register of Historic Places Nomination). At the Former slaves such as Stephen Cook were inspired to settle in South Woodbury just north of Alum Creek (Burke and Bensch, p. 248; Sentinel, 5 November 1925). While it cannot be stated with any certainty what local attitudes were toward runaway slaves, times, presumably, covertly.
"Conceived in secrecy, conducted in silence, it has few records to tell Researching the UGRR is also difficult because it involved marginal Americans (Scherman, p. 26). The Minutes of the Alum Creek Meeting contain no specific mention of the Underground Railroad Green Plains Meeting in Clark County, located 50 miles southwest of Alum Creek, passed a resolution stating, Not only do we feel ourselves exonerated from all allegiance to this infamous law...We will aid and assist the fugitives to liberty hereafter as we have been proud to do in the past....the Bugle, 13 November 1850). Between 1850 and 1860 freed blacks living in the Alum Creek area likely played a strategic role in the UGRR (Blockson, p. 4). In 1850, only three blacks, including a mulatto residing on the Levering farm, were listed in the population census for Peru Township.
Yet there is evidence blacks lived in the vicinity of Alum Creek during the 1840s. In 1844 the Minutes state "there were and relocation to other states. In a letter written in 1825 Mendenhall advised, "the only way seems Section number by local Quakers as "living comfortably." Between 1853 and 1857 as many as 50 slaves "liberated lawyer and leader of the North Carolina Manumission Society. He advocated the freeing of slaves activity. Yet some Meetings did take a more proactive position on the Fugitive Slave Act. The close of the Civil War assisting freedmen became an important social concern for many Friends.
evidence suggests any assistance provided to them was conducted quietly, discreetly and at or encourage fellow friends to participate in what was largely, at least after 1850, a clandestine about forty-five colored [children] within our limits" whose parents are unable to educate them Township, and they had very real recollections of slave life (Population Census, 1850; 1860). Most slave has a right to liberty, and we invite him and tender him our assistance." (Anti-Slavery its story -and probably too many places credited as being associated with it" (Kammen, p. 11). Page 7 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number _ BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH blacks, though, probably lacked confidence in Ohio's social and legal systems, opting to move to Canada's free and open society.
There is a convincing body of documentation that strongly suggests Alum Creek and the Benedicts, Leverings and Osborns were sympathetic to the plight of runaway slaves. Daniel Asbury Parker recalled his escape from Virginia to Ohio in 1857: I got in there [Columbus] that night about 11 o'clock and gave a boy ten cents to take me to the house of colored people. I told him I had kin there but couldn't find them till morning...The family's name was Smith. I stopped there a couple of days and rested. From there I went out to the Benedict settlement. There I found another colored man a resting - had been there a day or two. We were directed to Jim McKibben's - the other side of Mt. There is strong reason to believe Daniel Osborn did not act alone, indeed the UGRR was a network of like-minded conductors.
The Reuben Benedict House is cited in numerous Underground Railroad references and accounts. An 1897 history of Peru Township noted, "Reuben Benedict's House is now Harry Green's and was on the Underground Railroad." An interview with an unidentified source in Siebert claimed William and Reuben Benedict "were the first to receive fugitives" in Alum Creek (Siebert, Box 109). According to an 1893 article in the the trial of Anderson, also known as "Black Bill," a group of Virginians attempted to remove him from neighboring Marion County, Ohio. Since Bill was considered a free man by the court, and the Quaker settlement at Fredericktown, then on to Greenwich and Oberlin (Siebert, Mysteries of UGRR, p. 185; Purtee, UGRR in Northwestern Ohio, p. 21).
Another source notes "Bill escaped 'clear' the country, which he did most effectually, as he got on the underground railroad for Gilead, about a couple of miles, then up to Iberia...(Siebert, Box 108). Page Osborn's journal entries for 1844 provide a rare contemporary glimpse of the role an active local Quaker played in shepherding slaves north to freedom. When interviewed in 1894 former slave Morrow Sentinel, the house played a role in the locally famous Bill Anderson case of 1839. During him, a group of local Quakers spirited Anderson away to safety.
"Thence he was conducted to the Benedict Settlement on Alum Creek, reviving in Reuben Benedict's attic." Bill's next stop was the history cites this case in considerable detail but only mentians "Billy then saw his opportunity to United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH Accounts left by both agents and fugitives involved with the Underground Railroad indicate there frequently was not an excessive preoccupation with secrecy and little concern to build special is a good case in point. Mordecai Benedict recalled in the 1890s that fugitives "sometimes were house generally, spreading beds for them on the floor. Often we had to get up and cook a meal for them in the night" (Siebert, Box 109).
In the final analysis, agents rarely constructed secret chambers or escape tunnels, rather fugitive slaves were generally quartered in common places such as an attic, upstairs bedrooms, a cellar, a black, there were no bright horizons or sodium lights to illuminate the barnyard or the roads. An established, yet informal system of like-minded farmers and conductors probably could evade even the best trackers and slave owners. Property owners were familiar with the terrain, the creeks, the snags and the potential whereabouts of approaching captors. Indeed, more important and their skill at maintaining a low, inconspicuous profile. local residents to believe every antebellum house sheltered runaway slaves. The danger here is folklore should not be confused with history.
In the case of the Reuben Benedict House and the Alum Creek community, the historical evidence presented in support of their association with the Underground Railroad seems compelling. Architectural Context (Criterion C): The Reuben Benedict House is architecturally significant as it embodies a distinctive house form associated with antebellum Quaker settlement in Ohio. Of the surviving Quaker and Underground Railroad-related houses still extant in Alum Creek, the Reuben Benedict House retains a high degree of historic integrity. The modified three-room, Continental plan and exterior fenestration convey much of the original plan and design. Reconnaissance surveys of the Alum Creek area indicate the Benedict House is among the few examples of the Federal vernacular style extant, and certainly is one of the very earliest houses in Morrow County.
hideaways for the fugitives (Freuhling and Smith, p. 116). Aaron Benedict's house (MRW-260-16) put in the cellar, but there was no cellar arranged expressly for that purpose. We kept them in the dotted by pioneer families intimately familiar with one another.
Nighttime out of doors was pitch than any physical hiding places were the conductors themselves, their attitudes toward runaways, Yet a century and a half following the activities of the Underground Railroad, it is easy for many United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH In his seminal research on houses of the Mid-Atlantic region, geographer Henry Glassie observed an important form that he believed was a "merger" of the older, Germanic house form with the front is pierced by four rather than five openings in order to accommodate the three room plan inside.
One door still brings the visitor into a large, narrow room, but there is usually, though not always, another front door leading into the parlor...The large central chimney has been replaced Quaker Continental plan with enlarged hall accommodates a superficially symmetrically balanced aspect of this house is learning more about the builder. Who was he, where was he from and what influenced him to build a house in the three room plan? Perhaps the external emphasis on order and symmetry was a simply vernacular influence. Bernard Herman writes, (Herman, p. 165). In 1860 Ohio ranked third nationally in the states with the most Friends meeting houses and total Census, pp. 448, 498). Given such a large population of Quakers, Ohio has a significant collection of antebellum houses associated with the Society of Friends.
The greatest concentrations are clustered around Quaker settlements in southwestern Ohio (Clinton, Highland and Warren Counties) and in eastern Ohio (Belmont and Jefferson Counties). Several of these houses have documented UGRR associations, including the James Stanton House in Springboro (1826; NROHP 1982), the Benjamin Butterworth House in Warren County (ca. 1812), the Daniel Howard Hise House in Salem (1857; NROHP 1998), the William Hubbard House in Ashtabula (NROHP, include the Benjamin Satterthwaite House in Waynesville (1812; NROHP 1988) and the Joseph Stanton House in Springboro (ca. 1833; NROHP 1999). Period of Significance Justification: dwelling was built to the Emancipation.
The Reuben Benedict House's significance encompasses the period from when the original brick late eighteenth and nineteenth century formal conceptions in American vernacular building Pleasant (c.1820; NHL, 1974). Quaker houses in Ohio featuring the distinctive three-room plan by chimneys in the gables."(Glassie,407). In the case of the Benedict House, the modified accommodations. Of the 92 meetings in Ohio, three were located in Morrow County (Eighth 1973), the Halsey Hulbert House in Seville (NROHP, 1988) and the Benjamin Lundy House in Mt. against an enlarged hall/kitchen that measures a symmetrically balanced 18' x 18'.
The mysterious ceases to be as strikingly continental in origin and represents instead ethnically anonymous United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH The Benedict House meets the integrity requirements for Associated Property Type: Station, Underground Railroad Resources in Ohio MPDF. The house retains much of its historic rural setting. The 1926 photo indicates the house also maintains a relatively high level of its historic integrity. Pre-1850 Quaker houses are rarely seen on the central Ohio cultural landscape, and of the few that remain, historic integrity is a central issue. By virtue of their age, natural attrition and integrity of location, design and plan. Page Historic Integrity: changes over time have diminished the remaining survivors.
The Reuben Benedict House conveys United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number _ BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH JOHN WILSON- ATTICÀ - GRANVILLE - - SHELBY GOLDEN CORNERSA - ASHLAND - SMITHVILLI WOOSTER 9 LEESVILLE - - ONTARIO GALION - - MILLBROCK BLCOMING GROVE - LEXINGTON - KENTON - NASHVILLE CLARIDON LA RUE - MT.GILEAD - MILLERSBURG OWL CREEK - CAF DINGTON - MT. VERNON QUAKER SETL'MT - KEENE - DELAWARE : OSTRANDER - W.CARLISLE CHESHIRE - FREEDONIA - - TRINWAY - MECHANICSBURG J. BO CENITRAL COLLEGE ROBT. SPEER - - SOLOMON STURGES NEW CONCORD - REYNOLDSBURG FAIRMOUNT FARM - THORNVILLE - WRIGHTSVILLE - STOVERTOWN S. CHARLESTON OHIO'S UNDERGROUND TRAILS Railroads, 1951.
FIGURE GRAFTON GRANGER NIGGER HOLLOW WESTERVILLE MEDINA STATION UPPER W.JEFFERSON DOVER BYERS BAGDA WELLINGTON TIFFIN PUTNAM MILAN MARSEILLES Page GEORGESVILLE CONDON MARTINSBURG SETTLEMENT NEW MOSES N.LEWISBURG MIDDLEBURG HOLMSVILLE PERU NEWCASTLE E.UNIO HAYESVILLE BUCYRUS VICTORY JSHYLVANIA FITCHVILL QUAKER IBERIA FREDERICKTOWN PATTERSON'S LANESFIELD MCKAY MOHICANVILLE APPLECRI HOMERO MARYSVILLE WM.CRATTYS ODSTOCKO OUTICA -FRIENDS SETL'MT -ALUM CREEK - ROSCOE JOHN CRC BELLVILLE SAVANNAH DUBLIN HAVEN RUGGLES SANDUSKY WORTHINGTON HINCKLEY WAKEMAH JOS.MORRIS COLUMBUEO SUNSURY TIRQO United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH Photo ca.
1926 FIGURE Page Section number CONTINUATION SHEET United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH Alum Creek Friends Church. Historical Records Survey. WPA Church Survey Forms of Ohio. Ohio Historical Society, Series 1160, Box 16. Alum Creek Friends Meeting: Sesquicentennial Observance, 1967. Anti-Slavery Bugle (Salem, Ohio). 13 November 1850. Blockson, Charles L. The Underground Railroad: First-Person Narratives of Escapes to Freedom in the North. New York: Prentice Hall Press, 1987. Brown, E. Leonard. "Quaker Migration to the Miami Country, 1798-1861." Ph.D. dissertation, Michigan State University, 1974. Burke, James L. and Bensch, Donald E. "Mount Pleasant and the Early Quakers of Ohio." Ohio Freuhling, Byron D. and Smith, Robert.
"Subterranean Hideaways of the Underground Railroad in Ohio: An Architectural, Archeological and Historical Critique of Local Tradition." Ohio History 102 (Summer-Autumn 1993): 98-117. Gara, Larry. The Liberty Line: The Legend of the Underground Railroad. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1961, revised 1996. Bibliography: GR2454. 1988): 18-31. Gara, Larry."The Underground Railroad: Legend and Reality" Timeline (August-September History 83 (Autumn 1974): 220-255). Aaron L. Benedict Obituary, ca. 1867. Benedict Family Book, Morrow County Library. Delaware County. Peru Township. Tax Duplicates, 1835-1836. Ohio Historical Society, Roll Baughman, A.J., History of Morrow County, Ohio. Vol. 1 Chicago: Lewis Publishing Co., 1911.
Page Section number _9 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Page BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH Glassie, Henry. "Eighteenth-Century Cultural Process in Delaware Valley Folk Building." Common Places: Readings in American Vernacular Architecture. Upton, Dell and Vlach, John Michael, eds. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1986 (394-425). Farmhouse in Middle North Carolina. "Carolina Dwelling. Doug Swaim, ed. Raleigh: North Carolina State University School of Design, 1978. History of Franklin and Pickaway Counties, Ohio. Williams Brothers, 1880. Howe, Henry. Historical Collections of Ohio. II Columbus: Henry Howe & Son, 1891. Office of Archives and History, January, 1973. Johnson, Maura.
Underground Railroad Resources in Ohio, Multiple Property Documentation Memorial and Biographical Record of Delaware, Union and Morrow Counties, Ohio. Chicago: The Lewis Publishing Co., 1895. Minutes of the Alum Creek Monthly Meeting, March 1835-May 1864. Minutes of the Indiana Yearly Meeting of Friends, 1821-1860. Mt. Gilead Sentinel. 5 November 1925. Section number 9 Kammen, Carol."The UGRR and Local History." CRM: Slavery and Resistance 21 (1998): 11-13. Form (MPDF). Draft, 1999. Herman, Bernard,"Continuity and Change in Traditional Architecture: The Continental Plan. History of Peru Township, Morrow County, Ohio, Mt. Gilead: Sentinel Printing Co.,1897. History of Marion County, Ohio, Chicago: Leggett, Conoway & Co., 1883. Lake, D.J. Atlas of Morrow County, Ohio.Philadelphia: C.O. Titus, 1871. History of Morrow County and Ohio. Chicago: O.L. Baskin & Co., 1880.
Jamestown Historic District National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form. North Carolina United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH Nelson, Cathy. Ohio Underground Railroad Association, 1999. Ohio Slave Narratives. XII. Federal Writer's Project of the WPA for the State of Ohio, 1937. Purtec, Edward O. The Underground Railroad in Northwest Ohio. Ohio State University, Ph.D. Rawick, George, ed. Ohio Narratives. XII. Prepared by the Federal Writers' Project of the WPA for the State of Ohio. Repogle, William. Personal Communication. September, 1999. Ricketts, Shannon. "Commemorating the Underground Railroad in Canada." CRM Vol. 22 No. 5 Scherman, Tony. "Uncovering the Underground Railroad." American Legacy (Summer Book Co., 1951. Tyler-McGraw, Marie and Bodamo, Kira.
"Underground Railroad Resources in the United States Theme Study. National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form. "The Underground Railroad." The Sentinel August 3,1893; August 17,1893. "Underground Railroad." Ohio Historical Society, SC 1338. United States Dept. of Interior, Bureau of the Census. Seventh Census of the United States, 1850: 1860: Churches in the United States. Dissertation, 1932. 1999):22-34. 1999 (pp. 33-34). Population. Manuscript Schedules, Ohio Historical Society. United States Dept.of the Interior, Bureau of the Census.Eighth Census of the United States, Section number 9 Page 3 Siebert, Wilbur Henry. "A Quaker Section of the Underground Railroad in Northern Ohio." Ohio Archaeological and Historical Quarterly 39 (January 1930): 479-502.
Siebert, Wilbur Henry The Mysteries of Ohio's Underground Railroad.Columbus: Long's College Benedict, Reuben House Alum Creek, Morrow County, OH 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property 1.25 acres UTM References (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) - See continuation sheet. Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By name/title Stephen Gordon organization Ohio Historical Society date May 1999 street & number 567 E. Hudson Street telephone (614) 297-2470 city or town Columbus _ state_Ohio zip code 43211 Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: Continuation Sheets A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location.
A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Additional items (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) Property Owner (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) name James and Erika Landman street & number 1463 CR24 _ telephone 419-864-9772 city or town Marengo _ state _OH zip code 43334 Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.). of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.0.Box37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. NPS Form 10-900 (Rev.
10-90) Maps Photographs Zone Easting Northing OMB No. 1024-0018 1. 17 341880 4474510 Representative black and white photographs of the property. Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1 hours per response including the time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number _10 BENEDICT, REUBEN HOUSE MORROW CO., OH Verbal Boundary Description Township 6 North, Range 17 West, Quarter 1, described in Volume 327, Page 384, Morrow County Auditor's office.
Verbal Boundary Justification The nominated property includes that portion of the parcel historically associated with the Benedict House, and excludes three noncontributing structures outside the period of significance. PROPERTY LOCATED IN 2.273 ACRES FLOOD ZONE "C" PER DATED: 4/1/92 Page The nominated property is a trapezoidal parcel (see below), located on Lot 13, Parcel 65, COMMUNITY PANEL NUMBRF 1.25ac. % INSURANCE RATE MAR N 35°37:00 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number_Photos Page - Reuben Benedict House Morrow County, OH For all photos the following information is the same: David Barker 20 December 1999 Ohio Historic Preservation Office 567 E. Hudson Street Columbus, OH 43211 View Description South elevation, looking north - NE. South and east elevations, looking northwest.
East and north (rear) elevations, looking southwest. North (rear) and west elevations, looking southeast. Interior: hall/kitchen room, looking north at rear door and staircase. Chimney piece detail: carved sunburst, dentils and tulip. Front parlor, corner fireplace and mantel, looking west. Photo by: Date: Chimney piece in hall/kitchen, looking east.
Location of Negatives NATIONAL PARK SERVICE JATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACE EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET Benedict, Reuben, House DATE OF 16TH DAY: OTHER : PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: COMMENT WAIVER: N ABSTRACT/ SUMMARY COMMENTS: REJECT TELEPHONE 5/11/00 DATE RETURN REVIEWER MULTIPLE 4/23/00 PROPERTY ACCEPT 3/27/00 PERIOD: DATE RECEIVED: REASONS FOR REVIEW: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: DATE OF 45TH DAY: NAME : UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DATE OF PENDING LIST: REFERENCE NUMBER: N PDIL: SLR DRAFT: N 00000419 4/07/00 RECOM./CRITERIA NATIONAL: LESS THAN 5O YEARS: Morrow Co.,OH Reuben Benedict Hs. Photo# L Photo # 2 Reuben Benedict Hs. Morrow Co., 04 Morrow Co., OH Photo #3 Reuben Benedict Hs. Morrow Co., OH Reuben Benedict H5. Photo *4 Morrow Co., OH Photo # 5 Reuben Benedict Hs. Reuben Benedict Hs. Morrow Co., OH Reuben Benedict Hs.
Morrow Co., OH Reuben Benedict House Photo # 8 Alum Creek, Morrow Co., 04 Morrow Co., OH Photo #9 Reuben Benedict Hs. Morrow Co., OM Photo #10 Reuben Benedict Hs. UNITED STATES MARENGO QUADRANGLE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MARENGO, OHIO UTM References OHIO_MORROW CO MORROW CO., OH ROAD CLASSIFICATION /341880/4474510
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