BlockBefore
Decorative drawing: an ornate nineteenth-century American house. Not a photograph of this place.

Nomination for Thomas Manufacturing Company Warehouse

The case file that argued this property on to the National Register: 8,306 words across 48 pages, filed in 2001. Read by 4 independent recognisers, of which at least 3 had to agree before a line was published.

Source document Held by the National Archives in Record Group 79 as reference 01000055, where it exists only as a scan with no text layer. The words below were read off that scan by 4 independent recognisers at two resolutions. Only lines that at least 3 of them returned identically appear below; where they disagreed, the line is withheld rather than guessed, so some of the form's furniture is missing. Spelling is never corrected, so a stray character that all the readers agreed on is the recogniser's and the typewriter's.. Nothing is summarised, corrected or written by this site. See the catalogue record, or return to the property.

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 10024-0018 (Oct. 1990) This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in How to Complete the architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Property Historic other names/site number _ 2. Location 360 South Limestone Street street & number - vicinity city or town 3.

State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this LX nomination -request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of December 13,2000 Signature of certifying official/Title State of Federal agency and bureau 4. National Park Service Certification - See continuation sheet. - determined not eligible for the _ removed from the National other, (explain:) 023 Date Springfield code comments.) state National Register Register. Thomas Manufacturing Company Warehouse Registration Form National Register of Historic Places National Park Service United States Department of the Interior entered in the National Register.

The Ice House Ohio Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property Date of Action - not for publication county Clark by entering the information requested.lf an item does not apply to the property being documented,enter N/A"for not applicable.For functions, Thomas Mfg. Co. Warehouse Clark, OH 5. Classification (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) LX private X building(s) L public-local - district - public-State - public-Federal - structure -object Name of related multiple property listing 6. Function or Use Commerce/Specialty Store, Offices 7.

Description foundation roof Architectural Classification site Total other Noncontributing Current Functions Narrative Description Industry/Manufacturing Facility walls Materials Brick bearing in the National Register Other/Vernacular Industrial Number of Resources within Property categories from instructions) Historic Functions Number of contributing resources previously listed Category of Property Other/roll roofing County and State Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply) Name of Property Stone (Check only one box) (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 Thomas Manufacturing Company Springfield, Clark Co., OH The Thomas Manufacturing Company Warehouse is the only remaining building of a firm that once was a major producer of agricultural implements in Springfield, Ohio. In the latter part of the 19th century, Springfield exceeded even Chicago as the nation's primary producer of agricultural implements, and the Thomas building is one of the few structures that represents both that era of the city's history and the heavy mill-type construction that typically housed these firms' The building is located just south of the commercial core of downtown Springfield, in a corridor several hundred feet wide that in the past was primarily industrial in character.

The former New York Central Railroad/Conrail Cleveland-Columbus-Cincinnati main line, still very active, passes through the area just at the northern edge of the industrial corridor. The Thomas warehouse is located along the southern edge of the industrial corridor. The area surrounding the building has changed dramatically since the peak of industrial production in the was located, is a recently-constructed YWCA building (photo 14); all traces of the Thomas feet east of the nominated building (photo 13), and a church and residential buildings are located to the south and west (photo 15). The building is set back from South Limestone Street behind a concrete parking area where the company's office building once stood (photos 1,2, 16). The Thomas building measures 92 by 148 feet, with the east and west elevations having the longer. dimension.

It is four stories high and was constructed of brick on a cut limestone foundation (photos 1-6, 13, 14). It was built in two phases, the original western portion about 1890 and the eastern portion about 1905. In its original form the building was three stories tall, had stepped gables, and measured four by fifteen bays, with its axis oriented north and south. It was set some distance back from Limestone Street, with its primary elevation facing west, toward the rear of the firm's office building, which fronted on Limestone and was surrounded by landscaped grounds. The warehouse's brick walls were laid in common bond and lacked ornamentation 15 bays was constructed to the east; this addition was four stories high, so the original building lost its stepped gables and received an additional story to match the height of the addition. The operations. Warehouse (photos 1-6).

Continuation Sheet The c1905 expansion completely changed the building's character. An addition measuring six by National Register of Historic Places National Park Service Manufacturing Company facilities on this site are gone.A highway overpass is several hundred United States Department of the Interior early 20th century. Immediately to the north, where the company's main manufacturing facility (8-86) Page Section number 7 NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Springfield, Clark Co., OH roof structure was also altered, creating an extremely shallow, almost flat, gabled roof on an east-west axis. All of the window and door openings in the original building and the addition were segmental southwest corner, where a two-story wing, which dated from some time prior to 1910, once stood (photo 2).

This wing, demolished some time after 1983, at one time housed ice-making machinery. The entire building and the wing were known locally as the Ice House, a name which window openings have been covered with metal panels. The first two floors had nine-over-nine wood double-hung sash windows and the two upper floors had six-over-six; however, nearly all window framing remains in place in most of the window openings. floors. This was the location of a bridge that linked the nominated building to the other Thomas facilities across Monroe Street. The demolition date of the bridge is not currently known. The interior of the building is utilitarian in design, without any historic ornamentation (photos 7-12). With the exception of one part of the basement, the entire interior structure consists of wood posts and beams, with some variations between the two sections of the building.

In the basement, chamfered wood posts support the horizontal beams in the original section, while in floors, the beams in the original section are placed on wood plinths at the tops of the posts, while about 19 feet east and west and ten feet north and south; in the addition, the maximum east-west span is about 16 feet and the north-south is about 15 feet. section, posts on the first and second floors measure eight by eight inches; beams consist of four eight inches and the beams are solid members measuring eight by 12 inches. In the addition, posts Warehouse Continuation Sheet for the next level of posts. On the fourth floor, there are only wood plinths, and no cast iron caps, Thomas Manufacturing Company National Register of Historic Places The structural members are larger in the addition than in the original section.In the original atop the posts.All posts have chamfered corners.

The maximum span in the original section is the addition this support is provided by stone piers (photo 7). From the first through the third arches.Although several first floor openings have been infilled with newer doors and windows, the sash have been removed, and the remaining windows are extensively deteriorated. The wood persists today even though the wing and the ice-making functions are long gone.Most of the laminated two-by-tens (full-dimension). On the third and fourth floors, the posts are eight by On the north elevation there are two enlarged openings (currently infilled) on the second and third their segmental arches are still apparent. Several openings have been infilled at the building's Section number - Page . (8-86) in the addition there are cast iron caps on the posts which provide support for the beam ends and NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 National Park Service Thomas Manufacturing Company Springfield, Clark Co., OH on the first and second floors measure 13 by 13 inches and the beams consist of two laminated eight-by-13 members. On the third and fourth floors, the posts measure 11 by 11 inches and the beams are made up of two laminated six-by-14 members. Joists typically measure two by 12 On the building's interior, its industrial character survives largely intact (photos 8-12). The first floor is in regular use, housing a retail fastener store in the south end and a social organization's entire eastern portion on the first floor is in use as a warehouse for the fastener retailer (photo 10). The retail and office spaces have been finished with lowered ceilings, lighting fixtures, and wall and floor treatments, but the structural posts are still evident.

The warehouse space has been On the upper floors, the exposed structural system and unfinished brick walls remain intact (photos 11 and 12). The original east wall of the c1890 building forms an intermediate wall on the second and third floors, but the fourth floor is a single large space. Various partitions, rises from an entry door on the south elevation. The first run, from ground level to the second floor, appears to be original but is utilitarian in character and lacks any kind of ornamental treatment. Above the second floor, portions of the stairway appear to be replacements of fairly The tall brick walls, utilitarian design, low-pitched roof, and wood timber mill construction of the Warehouse Continuation Sheet floor joists. offices in the north end of the original western portion of the structure (photos 8 and 9). The National Register of Historic Places recent date.

United States Department of the Interior it an excellent example of Springfield's argicultural implement industry. inches(full-dimension) and are spaced between 16 and 18 inches on center. ductwork, and other leavings from past uses occupy some of the spaces.There is a stairway that Thomas Manufacturing Company Warehouse give the building a high level of integrity and make Page fitted with bins, racks, and other storage equipment, but it still has exposed posts, beams, and Section number 7 (8-86) NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior Thomas Manufacturing Company Springfield, Clark Co., OH Section number - Page Warehouse Continuation Sheet (8-86) National Register of Historic Places National Park Service City Maps of Ohio) E- Thomas & Mast Co./P.P. Mast & Co.; F- O.S. Kelly Co.; G - Mast, Foos & Co.

(Source: The Complete NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Thomas Manufacturing Company Springfield, Clark Co., OH SULKY Sam? Shattior COAL YARO 910 : 911 This 1882 atlas map shows the Thomas Manufacturing Company's plant east of Limestone Street and north of Monroe. At this time the facility was just a few years old, and it would be about another eight years before the firm's office (Source: Robinson, Atlas of the City of Springfield) Page MONROE Warehouse Continuation Sheet (8-86) LUMBER National Park Service 888 National Register of Historic Places United States Department of the Interior building and the first portion of the nominated building would be in place just south of the main plant on a site that this map shows as a lumber yard. FREICHT Section number 7 WIGQAL YARD BORAL YARD RAKE MANFY Kinma neand 936 RA.KE 889 DEPOT 890 OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 Springfield, Clark Co., OH Section number - right of the main building a few years later. The lower image, from 1903, original form. (Sources: upper - Austin, History of the Manufactories of Springfield, Ohio; lower - An Illustrated Souvenir Edition of Springfield, Ohio) Page Warehouse Thomas Manufacturing Company Continuation Sheet (8-86) National Register of Historic Places United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Two views of the Thomas facilities.The upper image dates from 1884 and The office building and the nominated building would be built just to the looks from southwest to northeast and shows the nominated building in its NPS Form 10-900-a looks from northwest to southeast at the north and west sides of the plant. Springfield, Clark Co., OH SPRINGFIELD, OHIO. - LOADERS, .

occupied land on both sides of Monroe Street, east of depicted in its original form, at the right behind the (Source: Industries of Springfield, O. and Environs) Page Warehouse Section number The Thomas Manufacturing Co. National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Thomas Manufacturing Company Limestone Street. The nominated building is here separate illustration) in another promotional publication. By 1894 the Thomas Manufacturing Company plant United States Department of the Interior to northeast. This image was used again in 1903 (see firm's office building. The view looks from southwest DISC HARROWS: Lawn MDowers, Iron IPumps, NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 RAKES (8-86) National Park Service Springfield, Clark Co., OH plant north of Monroe Street has reached its maximum size.

South of Monroe, the office building lower map, published in 1891, the first portion of the nominated building is in place. Page Warehouse Continuation Sheet Thomas Manufacturing Company United States Department of the Interior National Register of Historic Places This series of four Sanborn maps shows the evolution of the Thomas Manufacturing Company Section number about 1885. The nominated building had not yet been built when this map was published. On the NPS Form 10-900-a is in place.It did not appear in an1884 image (see separate illustration) and thus would date from (8-86) REPORT. plant and of the nominated building.

The upper map dates from 1886,and at this time the main NPS Form 10-90U-a National Park Service Springfield, Clark Co., OH Section number - By 1910 (upper map), the nominated building had assumed its full form, and additions had Agricultural equipment was no longer produced, and the firm's only product now, as Page Warehouse (8-86) Continuation Sheet Thomas Manufacturing Company United States Department of the Interior been built at its southwest corner. The firm was still producing agricultural equipment at National Register of Historic Places of the building's additions, indicating that other uses were beginning to occupy the plant. indicated by the map, was lawn mowers. (Source: Sanborn Map.

Co.Fire Insurance maps) the only activity shown in the nominated building."Foot material factory"is shown in one this map) the foundry had closed,and"painting"on the fourth floor is S. LIMESTONE NO NPSForm 10-900-a National Park Service Springfield, Clark Co., OH Section number - the first decade of the 20th century, when the firm employed as many as 350 people. (Source: Rathbone, The History of Old Time Farm Implement Page Warehouse (8-86) National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Thomas Manufacturing Company Examples of some of the Thomas Manufacturing Company's products from United States Department of the Interior Companies and the Wrenches They Issued) The "Thomas" Plain Shoe Drill The "Thomas" Crown Mower-.. Chanceabie Speed Clark, OH Thomas Mfg. Co. Warehouse Name of Property County and State 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Areas of Significance *A Property is associated with events that have made our history. B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. - C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type,period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and c1890, c1905 D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply.) -A owned by a religious institution or used for - B removed from its original location. (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) - C a birthplace or grave. - D a cemetery. - E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. - F a commemorative property. within the past 50 years.

(Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) * preliminary determination of individual listing (36 EX State Historic Preservation Office CFR 67) has been requested - Other State agency - previously listed in the National Register - Federal agency X previousiy determined eligible by the National J Local government - University - designated a National Historic Landmark - Other - recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey - recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # Industry Register Bibilography religious purposes. Architect/Builder Significant Person Cultural Affiliation Ohio Historic Inventory individual distinction. Significant Dates Property is: Criteria Considerations Period of Significance 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References Narrative Statement of Significance for National Register listing.) (Enter categories from instructions) distinguishable entity whose components lack Applicable National Register Criteria Name of repository: Primary location of additional data: Previous documentation on file (NPS): a significant contribution to the broad patterns of G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance NPS Form 10-900-a National Park Service Springfield, Clark Co., OH The Thomas Manufacturing Company Warehouse is qualified for listing in the National Register under Criterion A.

It is one of a dwindling number of historic manufacturing structures linked to Springfield's industrial past, and it is particularly significant because it is directly linked to the manufacture of farm implements, the industry that put Springfield "on the map." At one time Springfield was the nation's largest producer of mechanized farm equipment, and the Thomas Manufacturing Company building is a significant and well-preserved link to that major part of Springfield's history. In fact, very few industrial structures from the late 19th century and the early 20th century survive. It is interesting to note that to date, despite its rich industrial history, none of Springfield's historic industrial structures has been listed in the National Register.

Springfield: Background History and Industrial Development Springfield was platted in 1801 along Lagonda (today Buck) Creek, a westward-flowing stream that empties into the Mad River west of town. By 1804 the new village had several homes, a post office, a distillery, and a grist mill that drew power from the creek. The mill, built by village founder James Demint, was soon followed by others, including a mill built in 1807 by Simon Kenton, the famous Ohio Country frontiersman. The start of Springfield's stunning industrial growth in the 19th century can be traced to 1841, would have been like most others but for its power source. In 1840, James Leffel had opened a foundry on Buck Creek near where it emptied into the Mad River, about two miles west of the center of Springfield.

Finding the water power at this point inadequate, Leffel joined with the Barnetts in construction of a millrace almost 8,000 feet long that drew water from Buck Creek and provided a head of 24 feet. In 1845 Leffel and a partner constructed a foundry just east of Barnett's mill and began production of the water turbine for which Leffel would become internationally famous. The Barnett mill was powered by one of the first Leffel turbines. The power offered by the millrace attracted other manufacturers, and along Buck Creek in the period prior to the Civil War there developed the first of Springfield's four major industrial districts. The Barnett mill, first of the enterprises along the race, expanded throughout the rest of elevator and feed mill at least into the 1950s.

Other manufacturers that located along the millrace Warehouse Introduction Thomas Manufacturing Company Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places United States Department of the Interior when Samuel Barnett and his brother James built another grist mill along Buck Creek.This mill OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Page (8-86) the century and into the 2oth century as a grain storage and milling plant;it operated as an Section number 8 NPS Form10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Thomas Manufacturing Company Springfield, Clark Co., OH included an oil mill, a woolen mill, and a flooring mill, all in the late 1840s. In 1848 John A.

Pitts, inventor of grain separators, saws, and other farm implements, constructed a machine shop on the millrace; Pitts would later build threshing machines, and the firm eventually evolved into O.S. Kelly Co., at one time the world's largest manufacturer of piano frames (the Kelly firm remains in operation in an older but much-altered brick factory building on North Street). In 1861 John Foos purchased an oil mill from James Barnett, who had built the mill, and operated it along the millrace until moving it to a site somewhat farther west in 1871. Mast, Foos & Co. would eventually occupy a site on the city's west side on Isabella Street; the firm was known for producing wind turbines (windmills), pumps, and cast iron fences and gates. Nothing from this plant today remains at the site. In late 1856, P.P. Mast and John H.

Thomas organized what would become the dominant firm along the Buck Creek millrace. Thomas & Mast Co. made agricultural implements, their chief the firm's plant included cider mills and amounted to some 100 grain drills and 600 to 800 cider mills in the first year. Rapid expansion followed, however, once rail transportation came to Springfield in the mid-1850s, and between 1856 and 1869 Thomas & Mast produced over 25,000 grain drills. The manufacturing facility expanded with the increase in production, and the firm absorbed adjacent earlier mill buildings as well as building new ones of its own. Thomas left the Agricultural Works. The firm thrived and continued its physical expansion, dominating the north side of Buck Creek east of Limestone Street. The 1880s were the peak years for P.P. Mast & Co. and for other Springfield firms manufacturing agricultural implements.

That industry represented 78% of the city's industrial production in 1880, having grown from only 12% of production in 1860. Until it was surpassed by Chicago in 1890, Springfield was the national leader in the production of farm machinery. After 1890 that Buckeye Division, and in the late 1920s the firm became the Buckeye Manufacturing Company. It was entirely out of the farm machinery business and instead made furniture and radio cabinets. All the buildings south of Warder Street were demolished around this time, and by the mid-1950s the plant was used for storage and warehousing by various firms and by the Clark County Creek was once one of the most important manufacturing centers in the nation.

Page Warehouse Continuation Sheet Highway Department.Today there are no extant structures to show that this stretch of Buck National Register of Historic Places product being the popular Buckeye Grain Drill and Grass Seed Sower.Initial production at business began a gradual decline.P.P.Mast & Co.became the American Seeding Machine Co., firm in 1872,after which it was reorganized asP.P.Mast& Co.and was known as the Buckeye Section number . (8-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 National Park Service Springfield, Clark Co., OH The arrival of the railroad in Springfield in the 1850s gave the access to distant markets that enabled enterprises such as Thomas & Mast and P.P. Mast & Co. to grow.

The Mad River & Lake Erie, which connected Sandusky and Springfield and connected with the Little Miami Railroad to Cincinnati, was in operation by 1850, and the Columbus & Springfield connected the city to the state capital by1854; there was also a connection to Cleveland over the Cleveland, Mt. Vernon & Pittsburgh by about the same time. (In later years, the Little Miami would become part of the Pennsylvania Railroad and all the others part of the New York Central System.) The city's rail network was completed in the 1870s, when the Ohio Southern, later the Detroit, Toledo & Ironton, was built through Springfield. The Ohio Southern entered the city's northwest side and followed the south bank of Buck Creek on an east-west alignment just north of downtown Springfield.

The other lines, however, converged upon and diverged from a railroad "corridor" immediately south of the downtown area along Washington Street. This made the land immediately adjacent to the railroad ideal for industrial enterprises, since there was easy rail access to nearly all points of the compass. Messrs. Thomas and Mast were not the only farm machinery manufacturers in Springfield in the pre-Civil War period; several other individuals and firms.played a major role. In 1850 Benjamin Warder, Bushnell & Glessner. Warder's plant was located in Lagonda, a village just northeast of Springfield located along the rail route to Cleveland. William N. Whiteley developed a workable mower in 1855 and joined with Jerome Fassler and Oliver Kelly to manufacture the new machine.

In the period just after the Civil War, Whiteley, Fassler & Kelly were having difficulty keeping up with orders and decided to build a new plant in downtown Springfield, along the main rail route. Organized as the Champion Machine Company, the firm's plant was built in the mid-1870s north of Monroe Street and on both sides of Linden Avenue just southeast of Springfield's downtown core. The company was advertised as "Manufacturers for Champion Reapers and Mowers. B.H. Warder, President, A. Whiteley, Secretary, Jerome Fassler Vice President and Superintendent." By the late 1870s the site had and subsidiaries such as the Champion Bar and Knife Company and the Champion Malleable Iron instead of its own line. One 19th century industrial structure from this complex survives today, having been used for many years by the Champion Chemical Company.

Though somewhat Warehouse Continuation Sheet Thomas Manufacturing Company Company.The firm also contracted with Warder's company to produce Champion machines National Register of Historic Places Warder began producing farm machinery, operating as Warder, Mitchell & Co. and later as United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900-a Section number . been fully built up, with brick production buildings occupied by the Champion Machine Company Page (8-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 National Park Service Springfield, Clark Co., OH altered from its original design, it is of equal importance to the nominated building in At this time, John H. Thomas again entered the farm machinery business. He had retired from his business with P.P. Mast in 1872 to pursue other interests, but in 1874 he joined with his two sons to form the Thomas Manufacturing Company.

The company built its plant west of the Champion Works, on the east side of South Limestone Street and north of Monroe. By the mid-1880s, the plant filled two entire blocks between Monroe and Spring, with an office building at the southeast corner of Monroe and Limestone. To the north side of the plant were rail spurs that served it and the Champion plant just to the east, and north of these spurs was the Pennsylvania Railroad's About 1890 the company built the western portion of the building that is the subject of this nomination. This was a three-story structure, oriented north-south, located just east of the office building. It was used as a warehouse, and the entire Thomas plant was noted as being a factory for producing sulkies, hay rakes, and iron pumps.

By about 1905, the main plant still occupied the full two blocks north of Monroe, and the nominated building had been expanded to its current form and increased to four stories in height. By 1910, additional wings had been added to its southwest corner, and the entire structure was The Champion Works and the Thomas Manufacturing Company, then, formed the core of the second major industrial district in Springfield, which was located along and primarily south of the foundries, a brewery, and a casket company, and there were several large warehouses and Springfield's third major industrial district was on its east side and developed because William Whiteley was convinced he could retain Springfield's lead over Chicago as the nation's center of Street Shops, located at the southeast corner of East Street and the New York Central Railroad tracks.

Here, between 1882 and 1887, rose an industrial plant of a scale not seen anywhere else in Warehouse freight house. Continuation Sheet wholesale companies. National Register of Historic Places and the only ones engaged in farm machinery production. Other firms included machine shops, Section number Thomas Manufacturing Company communicating a sense Springfield's importance in agricultural implement manufacturing in the late 19th century. rail lines that passed just south of the city's heart. They were the largest enterprises in this district United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900-a used for a machine shop, storage and warehousing, grinding, assembly, and painting. farm equipment production by a huge expansion program.

To do this, he built the massive East (8-86) Page NPS Form 10-900-a National Park Service Springfield, Clark Co., OH the world, with just over a million square feet under a single roof. With a six-story main block along East Street and five long wings extending eastward from the main block, the plant formed a giant multi-legged "E" shape, and here the production of the Champion line was consolidated (production also continued at the older downtown location). Whiteley would not, however, achieve his goal of keeping Springfield ahead of Chicago. In 1887, as a result of co-signing a loan to an associate who was attempting to corner the Chicago wheat market, Whiteley was forced into bankruptcy. He managed to have himself appointed as receiver and incorporated the William N. Whiteley Company, which in 1888 bought the East Street Shops at a bargain price.

Whiteley attempted to revive the farm machinery business, but he went out of business in 1891. Warder, Bushnell & Glessner, which had been producing Champion machines for Whiteley at their Lagonda plant, bought rights to the Champion line and continued to produce those products until the firm was absorbed by International Harvester Company in 1902. The East Street shops, in the meantime, were again sold and were converted to leased space housing several different manufacturing firms. In 1902 most of the building was destroyed by fire. Portions of some of the wings survived and were later incorporated into various industrial enterprises, and the James Leffel Company appears to have re-used part of the building's foundation in 1924 to build a plant for production of turbines, steam engines, and boilers.

The fourth of Springfield's major industrial districts was located well to the northeast of the others and of the city's downtown core. This was the location of the Lagonda Works, the agricultural machinery plant developed by Benjamin Warder in 1850, and it continued in operation there Whiteley's firm during the last quarter of the 19th century and, after Whiteley's failure, on its own until 1902. In that year the International Harvester Company purchased the Warder firm and the Lagonda site. Over the years, IH continued to use Warder's buildings and built more of its own, outside Springfield on Route 68 North in the 1960s, and in the early 1980s most of the oldest and largest buildings at the Lagonda site were demolished by IH.

(The works' office building and a three-story brick factory building survive in somewhat altered form.) Having sold its line of farm equipment and its name to another manufacturer, IH became known as Navistar International and concentrated solely on heavy truck production. (8-86) Page Warehouse Continuation Sheet Thomas Manufacturing Company through the balance of the century; as noted, the plant produced Champion products for National Register of Historic Places United States Department of the Interior The importance of the Lagonda plant was greatly reduced due to construction of a new plant Section number 8 OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 National Park Service Springfield, Clark Co., OH Springfield: Historic Industrial Buildings Today There are few physical industrial remnants to tell the story of Springfield's once-proud role as the center of farm machinery manufacture in the United States. As the discussion above has shown, all four of the city's major industrial districts were the locations of major farm equipment factories from the mid-19th century well into the 20th century. At three of them -- along Buck Creek, at the East Street Shops site, and at the Lagonda site -- little or nothing remains from the 19th century to tell the story. Along Buck Creek, the P.P. Mast site has been entirely cleared; the Mast, Foos & Co. site on the city's west side has been cleared; and the O.S. Kelly Co. plant has been altered.

Elements such as the re-used wings of the East Street facility or structures at the Lagonda site are fragmentary and have a low level of integrity due to alterations. The downtown industrial district has survived in a more intact state, though it, too, has suffered significant losses. East of the Spring Street viaduct, a portion of the Champion works survives. is currently occupied by the Champion Company, formerly the Champion Chemical Company, a long-time manufacturer of embalming fluids and undertakers' supplies. This firm appears to have occupied the building just after the failure of the Whiteley firm and removal of Champion farm equipment production to Warder's Lagonda plant. Other Champion farm implement facilities, including the Champion Malleable Iron Company and Champion Bar and Knife plants, were located nearby to the north but were demolished in the mid-1980s.

West of Linden, extending to the Spring Street viaduct, three more buildings survive, all dating from about 1905. They were part of the American Seeding Machine Company, which made grain drills, planters, rakes, and used for warehousing and other purposes. A Champion Historic District National Register nomination has been proposed for this area but has not gone forward. West of the Spring Street viaduct, the Thomas Manufacturing Company building stands as the sole reminder of that firm's contribution to Springfield's industrial history. The firm was active in farm machinery production into the 1920s, making it and the American Seeding Machine plants among the last in Springfield in that line of business. By the 1940s, the building was shown as a "loft building," obviously no longer in use as a factory.

To the north, on the main plant site, two portions of the plant appear to have been standing in 1946, one directly north of the nominated building, and one at the site's east end, up against the Spring Street viaduct. The demolition date for the first building is unknown, but the one adjacent to the viaduct came down in the spring of Warehouse Page Continuation Sheet Thomas Manufacturing Company National Register of Historic Places As was noted earlier,one five-story 19th century structure, on the east side of Linden at Monroe, United States Department of the Interior other farm equipment.The firm was active here until at least 1930,but the site has long been Section number (8-86) NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Continuation Sheet Thomas Manufacturing Company Springfield, Clark Co., OH Section number 1983.

At the time of its demolition this building still had a painted sign on its east elevation that stood in 1946 just west of the nominated building. It was in use as an American Legion hall at that time; its demolition date is unknown. Elsewhere in the former downtown industrial district, two additional industrial buildings survive. One, at the southeast corner of Wittenberg and Jefferson, is a former wholesale grocery warehouse dating from the early 20th century. The other, at the southeast corner of Center and Jefferson, is a multi-story factory building built in 1915.

It was known as the Shuey Factories Building, but its product(s) are currently not known; neither of these structures was involved in The sole remaining building of the Thomas Manufacturing Company is one of only two structures in the downtown industrial district -- the other is the Champion building east of Linden Avenue -- with a link to the peak 19th century years of Springfield's farm machinery industry. The Thomas building is from the period when the industry had begun its decline but still was important in the Springfield economy. The Thomas firm never achieved the size or scale of the Warder, Mast, or Whiteley firms, but in its own niche -- it was best known for its hay rakes and tedders (which side. The building is very plain and utilitarian, with only the barest hint at architectural ornamentation, but it is an excellent example of late 19th century industrial building design.

Its well-preserved brick bearing walls and wood post-and-beam interior structure are excellent representatives of a type of building once common in Springfield but now almost extinct. In connection with a proposed HUD housing project, the Thomas Manufacturing Company building was determined eligible for the National Register by the Keeper of the Register on February 12, 1980. The Keeper noted that "The Thomas Manufacturing Company was a significant Springfield industry and one of the major producers of agricultural implements in the United States following the Civil War. It is also a good example of 19th century industrial architecture." Page Warehouse the farm machinery industry.

spread out grass or hay for drying) -- it was well known and thrived for many years; in addition, National Register of Historic Places its founder had a direct link with P.P.Mast and his massive agricultural works on the city's north read, in part, "Thomas Mfg. Co., Drills, Rakes, Tedders..."The company's office building still (8-86) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 National Park Service Austin, W.F. History of the Manufactories of Springfield, Ohio. Springfield, Ohio: W.F. Austin, 1884. Gray & Pape. Springfield Historic Archaeological Survey. 1986. An Illustrated Souvenir Edition of Springfield, Ohio. n.p., 1903. Industries of Springfield, O. and Environs. n.p., 1894. California: Northridge Publications, Inc., 1985. McCall-Widener Architects. City of Springfield, Review and Update of1986 Preservation Plan/ Minority History Architecture Survey. 1993. Prince, Benjamin F., ed.

Centennial Celebration of Springfield, Ohio, August 4-10, 1901. Springfield, Ohio: Springfield Publishing Co., 1901. Rathbone, Pembroke Thom. The History of Old Time Farm Implement Companies and the Wrenches They Issued. n.p., n.d. E. Robinson, 1882. Representative Citizens. Chicago: Biographical Publishing Co., 1908. Bibliography Page Warehouse Places files. Thomas Manufacturing Company The Complete City Maps of Ohio. Traverse City, Michigan: C.M. Publications, 1991. Continuation Sheet Section number Benjamin D. Rickey & Co. City of Springfield Historic Preservation Plan.1983, updated 1986. National Register of Historic Places Springfield, Clark Co., OH Robinson, E., and R.H. Pidgeon. Atlas of the City of Springfield, Ohio.

New York City: United States Department of the Interior Ohio Historic Preservation Office.Ohio Historic Inventory and National Register of Historic Kinnison, William A. Springfield and Clark County, an Illustrated History. Northridge, NPS Form 10-900-a Rockel, William, ed. 20th Century History of Springfield and Clark County, Ohio, and (8-86) NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Springfield, Clark Co., OH Section number - Sanborn Map Company. Insurance Maps of Springfield, Ohio. New York City: Sanborn Map Company, 1886, 1891, 1910, 1928, 1946. Springfield Chamber of Commerce. Springfield, Ohio. Springfield, Ohio: The Ralph Printing U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1890 Census. Works Progress Administration, Writers' Guide Series. Springfield and Clark County, Ohio. Page Company, n.d.

Continuation Sheet (8-86) Warehouse National Register of Historic Places Thomas Manufacturing Company United States Department of the Interior Springfield, Ohio: Springfield Tribune Printing Company, 1941. National Park Service Clark, OH Thomas Mfg. Co. Warehouse Name of Property 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property - See continuation sheet (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By name/title - Benjamin D. Rickey & Co. street & number 593 S. Fifth Street . telephone city or town - _ state . zip code A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. Representative black and white photographs of the property. (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) .

zip code 43103 Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seg.). instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.O.

Box37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of 43206 Zone date Photographs organization Easting Ashville Maps Northing name UTM References Springfield Housing Partners II Continuation Sheets Property Owner Less than one Additional items Additional Documentation Verbal Boundary Description County and State Jeffrey Darbee, Historic Preservation Consultant (740)983-4566 (614)221-0358 Boundary Justification additional UTM references on a continuation sheet.) (Complete this item at the request of SHPO or FPO.) Submit the following items with the completed form: October7 2000 A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. 184 W.

Main Street street & number Estimated Burden Statement:Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1 hours per response including time for reviewing properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Projects (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. Columbus NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Springfield, Clark Co., OH Section number Situated in the State of Ohio, County of Clark, City of Springfield, and described as follows: Being part of Lots 909, 910, and 911, as the same are numbered and designated on the plat of Letitia Eaker's Addition, recorded in Volume 4, Page 28, Plat Records of Clark County, Ohio.

Beginning at a point in the north line of Mulberry Street at the southeast corner of a four-story intersection of the north line of Mulberry Street with the east line of Limestone Street; thence with the west wall of said brick building, north 0 degrees 36 minutes east, 31.0 feet; thence parallel to Mulberry Street, north 88 degrees 50 minutes west, 37.3 feet to a steel bar; thence parallel to Limestone Street, north 0 degrees 36 minutes east, 43.25 feet to a steel bar; thence south 88 degrees 50 minutes east 17.0 feet to a bolt; thence north 0 degrees 36 minutes east 74.25 feet to a cross cut in a stone marginal curb on the south line of Monroe Street, said cross being 37.0 feet east of the intersection of the south lineof Monroe Street with the east line of Limestone Street; thence with the south line of Monroe Street, south 88 degrees 50 minutes east, 112.0 feet to the northeast corner of the stone foundation of said four-story brick building; thence with the east wall of said building and the west line of a 16.5-foot alley, south 0 degrees 36 minutes west, 148.5 feet to a steel bar at the intersection of the westline of said 16.5-foot alley with the north line of Mulberry Street; thence with the north line of Mulberry Street, north 88 degrees 50 Warehouse Page Boundary Justification brick building, said beginning being 107.3 feet east of a cross in the concrete walk at the Continuation Sheet Boundary Description Thomas Manufacturing Company minutes west, 91.7 feet to the place of beginning.

The nominated property contains only land associated with the Thomas Manufacturing Company National Register of Historic Places building during the period of significance. (8-86) NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior Springfield, Clark Co., OH Section number - The following information is the same for all photos: Photographer: Nancy Recchie Benjamin D. Rickey & Co. 593 South Fifth Street Columbus, OH 43206 May, 2000 2. Looking east at west elevation. 6. Looking south at north side. 7. Basement view showing typical condition. 8. First floor interior, view of retail space. 9. First floor interior, view of office space. 10. First floor interior, looking north in warehouse area in east half of building. 12. Typical upper floor interior view: third floor in eastern half of building, looking north along east wall.

Address: Date: Page Warehouse Photo Log Continuation Sheet (8-86) 1. Looking southeast at north side (on left) and main west elevation (on right). National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Thomas Manufacturing Company 4.Looking west at east elevation; north side is on right. 11.View of second floor stair landing in western portion of building. 3.Looking northwest at south end(on left) and east elevation(on right). 5.Looking north at south side;main west elevation is on left. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Springfield, Clark Co., OH Section number_Log 13. Contextual view, looking east along Monroe Street, with Thomas building's north wall at right. Other Thomas buildings, now entirely demolished, lined the edge of this street on 14. Contextual view, looking west, with Thomas building on left.

Other Thomas buildings once stood on right side of street but have all been removed. 15. Contextual view, looking east along Mulberry Street. Southwest corner and south end of Thomas building are at left. 16. Contextual view, looking north from Thomas building parking lot toward downtown Manufacturing Company once stood at left center, in front of low shrubs. Warehouse Page Continuation Sheet Photo Thomas Manufacturing Company National Register of Historic Places National Park Service Photo Log, cont. the left.At upper right is opening to former second floor bridge over Monroe Street.

United States Department of the Interior Springfield.West elevation of Thomas building is at right;office building of Thomas (8-86) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET NAME : DATE OF 16TH DAY: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: N PDIL: N PERIOD: PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: COMMENT WAIVER: N ABSTRACT/ SUMMARY COMMENTS : RECOM. /CRITERIA REJECT DATE TELEPHONE RETURN 1/04/01 MULTIPLE 2/02/01 DISCIPLINE 2/19/01 REVIEWER OTHER: DATE RECEIVED: REASONS FOR REVIEW: DATE OF 45TH DAY: National Regiater Entered in the DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR PROPERTY Thomas Manufacturing Company Warehouse LACCEPT Springfiela, Spring Co. Building Photo Photo Photo # 5 Photo Photo #> Thomas Mfg Co. Building ,Clark Co, Ohio Photo Photo # 9 Thomas Photo Co.

Building Photo Building SPRINGFIELD QUADRANGLE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OHIO-CLARK CO C.S MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR PRINGFI /259970/4422460 43416NE 221 Senate Building Columbus, Ohio 43215 Finance & Financial Institutions Health, Human Services & Aging - Vice Chair 614/644-5466 FAX Human Services & Aging, Sub Committee - Chair Rules & LSC JCARR - Chair Ohio Children's Trust Fund - Chair November 14, 2000 10th District Mr. Amos Loveday State Historic Preservation Officer Ohio Historic Preservation Office 567 East Hudson Street I write in strong support of the nomination of the Ice House Building in Springfield, Ohio to the National Register of Historic Places. This building is a long standing landmark in Springfield and has historic and architectural significance.

Being rich in history, the building is linked to Springfield's industrial past and particularly significant because it is directly linked to the manufacturing of farm The Ice House Building involves the rehabilitation of an historic building into 45 units of housing for elderly residents in Clark County. It is my understanding that this historic building will be converted into 2 and 3 bedroom apartments with air conditioning and including endorsement from the City of Springfield. Again, I strongly advocate the nomination of the Ice House Building to the National Register of Historic Places. 1-800-282-0253 614/466-3780 Madison Committees: Greene Counties: Sincerely, Clark Ohio Senate Education Dear Mr.

Loveday: Majority Whip Merle Grace Kearns the nation's largest producer of mechanized farm equipment; the Ice House Building is a appliances, as well as on-site laundry facilities and an elevator.This will be a much- implements, the industry that put Springfield "on the map." At one time Springfield was needed asset to the whole community. In addition, this project has numerous supporters REC'D BY OHPO NOV 1 6 2000 significant and well-preserved link to that major part of Springfield's history. THE CITY OF SPRINGFIELD INCORPORATED SINCE 1850 Office of the City Commission 76 EAST HIGH STREET SPRINGFIELD, OHIO 45502 FAX 937-328-3478 VOICE/TTY 937-324-7343 November 16, 2000 Mr. Amos Loveday State Historic Preservation Officer Ohio Historic Preservation Office 567 East Hudson Street Columbus, OH 43211-1030 Dear Mr.

Loveday: I urge you to give favorable consideration to the Ice House Building in Springfield when the National Register Nomination for this property comes before the Ohio Historic Site Preservation Advisory Board. This building has long been historic and architectural significance. Warren R. Copeland pc Mr. Mark Leatherwood Mr. William Craig ASSISTANT MAYOR MARTIN K. MAHONEY DANIEL J. MARTIN JOYCE A. BEVERLY CASEY CLERK OF COMMISSION CONNIE J. CHAPPELL Sincerely, Mayor 937-324-7340 COMMISSIONERS KEVIN ONEILL a landmark in Springfield and deserves National Register recognition for its REC'D BY OHPO NOV 1 7 2000 DAVID L. HOBSON COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS 7TH DISTRICT, OHIO WASHINGTON OFFICE 1514 Longworth HOB DEFENSE ( Washington, DC 20515 VA, HUD, AND INDEPENDENT AGENCIES CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES ASSISTANT MAJORITY WHIP (202) 225-4324 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES November 20, 2000 Mr.

Amos Loveday Ohio Historic Preservation Office 567 E Hudson St Columbus, OH 43211-1030 As the Representative of Ohio's 7th Congressional District, I am writing in support of the The Ice House Building represents a critical, industrial period in Springfield, Ohio and and is a significant piece of Springfield's industrial past. At one time, Springfield led the nation in the production of farm implements. Again, I want to offer my support to the application to admit the Ice House Building to the National Historic Register, thus preserving a unique part of Springfield's heritage. If I may be of further assistance, please don't hesitate to contact me. 5 W. North St., Ste. 200 212 S. Broad St. P.O. Box 269 Room 55 Springfield, OH 45501-0269 Lancaster, OH 43130-4389 (937) 325-0474 THIS STATIONERY PRINTED ON PAPER MADE OF RECYCLED FIBERS (740) 654-5149 Register.

Sincerely, DLH/mah CHAIRMAN SUBCOMMITTEES: SPRINGFIELD OFFICE LANCASTER OFFICE Member of Congress MILITARY CONSTRUCTION Ice House Building in Springfield, Ohio application to be nominated to the National Historic should be preserved for future generations.The building has long been a landmark in Springfield Dear Mr. Loveday: RECD BY OPON