Nomination for Jones, Elam, Public House

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 10024-0018 (Oct. 1990) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service RECEIVED items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Property Jones, Elam, Public House other names/site number Location street & number 3365 State Route 7 N/A - not for publication city or town N/A - vicinity OH county - 3. State/Federal Agency Certification determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set for in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property meets - does not meet the National Signature of certifying official/Title State or Federal agency and bureau 4.

National Park Service Certification - See continuation sheet - determined not eligible for the - removed from the National - other (explain:) code Date 44404-9757 state Ohio historic Register. Hartford Trumbull name: National Register TRU-2134-15 additional comments.) entered in the National Register Date of Action National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 155 zip code As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this nomination request for I hereby certify that the property is: This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in Howto Complete the National Register of Historic Places registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A).

Complete each item by marking X° In the appropriate box or by entering the classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative 1.8-03 Jones, Elam, Public House Name of Property 5. Classification Ownership of Property Number of Resources within Property Name of related multiple property listing Number of Contributing resources previously listed 6. Function or Use COMMERCE/TRADE: Tavern DOMESTIC: Single Dwelling SOCIAL: Meeting Hall GOVERNMENT: Post Office 7.

Description foundation _ STONE: Sandstone EARLY REPUBLIC: Federal WOOD: Weatherboard METAL: Tin roof public-local other structure object district public-State private Total site Narrative Description Materials walls public-Federal Architectural Classification Historic Functions in the National Register County and State Current Functions building(s) Trumbull County, Ohio Noncontributing (Enter categories from instructions) Category of Property (Do not include previously listed resources in count) (Check as many boxes as apply) (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) (Check only one box) NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number_7 Page 1 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION Constructed in 1828, the Elam Jones Public House is sited on one-and-a-quarter acres on the northeast corner of the intersection of State Route 7 and State Route 305 at the center of Hartford Township in nearby dwellings, including the Salmon Hart House (1844) and the Alva Hart House (1829) to the northwest and the Elam Jones House (1847) to the south. Additionally, the early nineteenth century township cemetery, Although a few of the nineteenth century buildings have been removed from the township's landscape over the second half of the twentieth century, little new development within the township has occurred outside of Elam Jones Public House is two stories tall with a flat wood frieze and molded, boxed cornice spanning three sides.

Clad in wood weatherboard, the post-and-beam structural system sits on a coursed ashlar sandstone foundation. The gabled roof of the building is clad in standing-seam tin, and an interior stretcher- bond brick chimney rises through the center of the roof ridge. Originally a separate building, the 1822 post- sills. Located to the east of the public house and in close proximity to it is an 1829 barn. To the north of the boundaries and enclose a portion of the north yard. PUBLIC HOUSE Because of its location at the intersection of two main thoroughfares, the Elam Jones Public House presents formal facades on both the west and south elevations (Photo 3).! The west elevation provides the primary light fixed-sash fanlight is centrally located in the pediment. The south elevation, or second formal façade, is five bays wide with a central entry (Photo 4).

Above the six-paneled double-leaf wood door is a six-light fixed-sash transom, both of which are contained within a Exterior Description Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places transitional Federal/Geek Revival door surround composed of flat wood pilasters and molded the occasional construction of a modern dwelling.The original five-bay-wide, double-pile main block of the cladding.A second central interior, stretcher-bond brick chimney projects from the roof of the one-and-a- Trumbull County, Ohio.Providing an early to mid-nineteenth century setting for the property are several surround composed of wood pilasters supporting a wide molded wood entablature.The two window located in and around the township center.A circa1925 school presently occupies the township square.

Presbyterian Church (1845),and several additional dwellings that date to the period of significance are and-beam framed wing was attached to the east elevation of the main block circa 1865. The wing has a coursed ashlar sandstone foundation, side gable roof covered in standing-seam tin, and weatherboard entrance into the historic public/tavern room of the building. The side entrance through the three-bay-wide JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, OHIO elevation features a six-paneled single-leaf wood door with a transitional Federal/Greek Revival door (8-86) half-story wing.

All window sashes are wood, and all window openings feature molded wood surrounds and barn is a non-contributing circa 1925chicken house.Anon-contributing circa 1960garage is situated between the house and the barn.Late twentieth century stone walls border the south and west property openings on the first story contain 12/12 sashes.Three 12/8windows pierce the second story. An eight- NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number7 Page _ cornice.supported by molded wood consoles. Four 12/12 windows flank the entry. Five 12/8 windows On the south end of the main block's east elevation (Photo 5) is one 12/12 window on the first story and one 12/8 window on the second story. A 9/6 window pierces the gable field. The north elevation of the first story of the main block features four window openings with 12/12 lights.

An additional 12/12 window is situated between the central and west windows of the first story. Three 12/8 windows are located in the second story (Photo 6). Added to the east elevation of the public house circa 1865, the one-and-a-half story 1822 wing is recessed from the south elevation of the main block by roughly ten feet. One six-paneled single-leaf wood door with a molded wood surround pierces the south elevation near its intersection with the main block. Additionally, entry is one 12/8 window. Two 6/6 windows are located in the gable peak. The north elevation features two 12/8 and two 8/8 windows on the first story. One eight-light fixed-sash window is located in the half story of the north elevation. Interior Description The first floor of the Elam Jones Public House features a post-and-beam-framed saltbox floor plan?

composed of two large rooms flanking a central chimney with three smaller rooms spanning the space behind secondary straight-rise enclosed stair ascends laterally on the interior of the building behind the summer beam. The walls and ceiling are clad in beaded and flush board of varying widths. Window casements, sills, and door casements in the Tavern Room, Parlor/Office, Parlor/Dining Room, Kitchen, and Meeting Room floor, have flush four-paneled single-leaf doors. rounded handrail, all of which are curly maple. The handrail descends from the second story and terminates is located to the west of the chimney and stair hall. The mantle in this room is composed of molded pilasters that rise to the two-tiered tripartite molded frieze and mantle shelf. Located to the east of the chimney and Section 8, Page 26 of this nomination for a description of this plan.

Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places pierce the second story. quarter-hipped roof shelters the doorway and one window.Directly above the entry and porch is one four- the chimney Figure 1). The primary stair position is in the small space directly in front of the chimney.A light fixed-sash window.The first story of the wing's east elevation features a central, flush six-paneled are molded.The door openings in the first floor formal rooms of the building feature flush six-paneled wood door with a Federal style door surround of flat pilasters supporting a tripartite entablature.Beside the stair hall, the original kitchen (Photo 10) also features a tall molded mantle shelf supported by pilasters.

The single-leaf doors, while those of the rest of the house, including the kitchen, pantry, and the entire second The dogleg open-string stair Photo 7) in the small entry hall features rectangular wood balusters and a ornamented with a repeating raised quarter-sunburst motif. The original public-tavern room (Photos 8 & 9) there are two 12/8windows on the first story.A porch composed of narrow Tuscan columns supporting a (8-86) NPS FORM10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 National Park Service Section number7 Page 3 surrounds the room. A molded mantle shelf and paneled wood overmantle that rises to the ceiling surmounts the fireplace hearth. The Elam Jones Public House are as follows: A=Tavern Room; B=Parlor/Office; presence of wallpaper. To the east of the parlor/dining room is the historic pantry, a section of which has been subdivided to serve as a bathroom.

The second floor of the main block is dominated by one large meeting room that spans the depth of the smaller rooms occupy the space to the north of this bedroom. Presently, these rooms serve as a bathroom sawn rafters, which are mortised into the hewn ridgepole and secured to the plate with Below the first story, the basement floor is finished with concrete, and the framing of the basement ceiling/first story floor is exposed Figure 2: Second Floor Plan. The rooms on the second floor of the Elam elevation of the main block, provides entry into the original kitchen and pantry of the 1828 public house. The chimney breast projects into this room, and the fireplace surround and mantle are molded. The east Continuation Sheet secondary straight-rise enclosed stair is sited undivided space. revealing the framing members.

Hewn purlins National Register of Historic Places and jacks provide mid-span support for the J=Current Laundry Room;K=Southeast Chamber.Rooms L and M are located rows of nail holes, indicating the historic below the current standing-seam tin. by a single course of dressed ashlar sandstone. Paneled wainscot with a molded dado cap United States Department of the Interior the wainscot in both rooms display vertical and a laundry room (Figure 2). and are currently used as a Dining Room (F) and Kitchen(G).

this stair and parallel toit is a straight-rise flight in the1822 wing that was added to the building in the1860s and are currently room to the west of the dining room displays The west half of the attic remains exposed, Jones Public House are as follows:H=Meeting Room;I= Current Bathroom; The coursed rubble sandstone walls are capped The first story of the 1822wing is divided into two rooms.The west room (Photo 13),attached to the east used as a Den (L) and Chamber (M). located directly north of the chimney is the behind the north wall of the kitchen. Below Figure 1: First Floor Plan, 2001 The rooms that occupy the first floor of the and G are located in the 1822 wing that was added to the building in the 1860s similar finishes.

The flush board walls above (8-86) birdsmouth and pin.The early nineteenth building on the west side of the chimney Photo 12).To the east of the chimney is one bedroom. Two The basement is composed of continual, NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number7 Page _ room, which currently serves as the kitchen, features an enclosed winder stair in the southeast corner. The Late Nineteenth Century Renovation and Late Twentieth Century Restorative Alterations In the late nineteenth century, the building was altered to conform to the changing tastes of the Victorian era. flanked the hall replaced the earlier central chimney, and the dogleg stair was removed and replaced with a aluminum siding (Figures 3 through 6).

Since 1979, the public house has undergone restoration of its original floor plan and materials, resulting in its removed, revealing rotted sills and weatherboard that was unsalvageable. The weatherboard was replaced been removed during the circa 1865 renovation were never documented and have been replaced with early nineteenth century Federal style mantles from similar buildings in the area.? All are physically and historically sympathetic to the design, materials, workmanship, and feeling of the extant native fabric of the Elam Jones The most significant change of the late twentieth century came with the restoration of the original floor plan placement of steel beams to reassert the strength of the building's frame. After the central chimney plan was restored, replication of the historic placement of the stair was necessary.

The historic stair no longer extant, a design, materials, workmanship, and feeling of the Elam Jones Public House. 3 The mantles introduced during the circa 1865 renovation were removed circa 1950 when the Elam Jones Public House was converted to apartments. the first floor and attic girts on the east side of the hallway had been reduced in dimension such that they no longer provided support. The second floor girt on the east side was severed in the 1860s to provide clearance for the straight-rise stair.

The two halves of this severed beam thus referred (8-86) Continuation Sheet straight-rise stair.Roughly ten to twenty years later, the window openings were lowered by nearly twelve returned to their 1828 fenestration pattern.All window sashes duplicate the original construction with and was salvaged from the 2/2 windows that were removed during restoration.Original mantles that had National Register of Historic Places the building's central chimney to accommodate a central passage. Accomplishing the latter change required mortise-and-tenon joints that are secured with pegs. Fifty percent of the glass dates to the nineteenth century inches. No new molding had been introduced into the building fabric until this alteration of the windows.

original position and was near collapse.The reestablishment of the central chimney allowed for the The greatest change came circa 1865with the addition of the one-and-a-half-story wing and the removal of The mid-twentieth century saw the building's conversion into apartments and its subsequent cladding in the reduction or elimination of the chimney girts to accommodate the wider hall.Two smaller chimneys that straight-rise stair from a nearby early nineteenth century dwelling was laterally bisected and placed in the half story of the wing is similarly divided;however, the chimney does not open into hearths in either room. incorporating a central chimney.4 By the 1970s, the center of the building had greatly shifted from its with radially sawn pine boards ot the same width. The window size, glazing pattern, and ornament were Public House. position of the original flight.

Again, the replacement stair is physically and historically sympathetic to the return to an early nineteenth century form and thus to its period of significance.The aluminum siding was NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number7 Page 5 Colonial Revival style. The lengthened windows contained 2/2 sashes that were added to the removal of the two chimneys visible in Figure 10. elevation dates to the early twentieth century, as evident by the two turned wood posts that support the corners of the roof. Although the windows on this elevation were also converted to the late nineteenth century 2/2 glazing pattern, the fanlight in the tympanum remained extant through the circa 1865 and circa 1950 phases of Figure 5 (Left): Parlor/Dining Room, 1979.

Although the 1828 mantles were removed from the interior during the late nineteenth and mid-twentieth century renovations, the vast Room and Parlor/Office were retained during both periods of alteration. They remain in situ and were not disturbed during the late twentieth century restoration. Figure 6 (Right): Second Floor Landing, 1979. Like the paneled dado that adorns two rooms on the first floor, the beaded and flush board walls and ceilings are also intact to their conversion to apartments did not disturb the board walls and ceiling that finish all of the rooms. Rather, they were encapsulated by the application of sheetrock in the mid-twentieth renovation. Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places (8-86) majority of the interior finishes were preserved.

The paneled dado in the Parlor/Dining Jones Public House after it was converted for use as apartments circa 1950.The small gabled entry roof was added in the mid-twentieth century as a tie to the then-popular Figure 4(Right):West Elevation,1979. The half-hipped porch roof on the west the building in the late nineteenth century.Perhaps the most notable exterior change was Figure 3(Left):South Elevation,1979.This image displays the exterior of the Elam century, which preserved their early nineteenth century appearance and integrity.

National Park Service Section number7 EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC HOUSE FLOOR PLANS, 1828-2001 1979 1828 Page6 (8-86) Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places United States Department of the Interior Second Floor First Floor NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No.1024-0018 1865 National Park Service Section number7_ First Floor Second Floor RESTORATION ANALYSIS BY ROOM Stair Hall The exterior door casing and the south beaded board wall remained intact after the circa 1865 phase of accommodate a 36" wide stair beside a t2" wide passage. During the late twentieth century restoration, the encapsulation of the remaining historic materials in situ.

100% circa 1865 floorboards5 100% 1828 beaded board (with a small patch below the second floor window) West wall Drywall over 1990 frame, plastered Drywall over circa 1865 beaded board 5 Unless otherwise noted in the text, the "circa 1865" date indicates materials introduced to the Elam Jones Public House at that time. Additionally, the "1828" date refers to extant original materials. 2001 Floor Door Page7 Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places United States Department of the Interior North wall East wall Circa 1990 double-leaf door (to replace a circa 1890 single-leaf door) NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, OHIO This application of a modem material enabled the (8-86) NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number7 Page 8 25% 1828 ash floorboards flooring was re-used from the perimeter of the room where foot traffic was reduced.) 100% circa 1990 flush poplar board with quirked bead to replace the 1828 baseboard removed during the circa 1950 renovation. The height is exact to the original, but no definite record of the original cap existed.

100% 1828 beaded board (with small patches below the window 1979-2001) West wall 75% 1828 beaded board (with 8 courses of salvaged beaded board used to patch a circa 90% 1828 beaded board (removed during structural stabilization of the building and the reconstruction of the central chimney and then reapplied over the 1979-2001 wood and 100%1828 beaded board 100% 1828 frame and molding, door salvaged from a circa 1825 building in southwest West Door North Door 100% 1828 frame, molding and door East Door 100% 1828 frame and molding with a circa 1865 door. second floor meeting room. The mantle, which dates to circa 1842, was salvaged from the circa 1829 Alva Hart House, located to the northwest of the Elam Jones Public House. Shared framing and construction elements indicate a single building for both structures.

The space beneath the staircase is accessed by a small, circa 1850 paneled door salvaged Floor Windows Baseboard Miscellaneous Mantle Trumbull County Hartford Center. Tavern Room Continuation Sheet South wall 1993) of the original and replicate size, material, and method of construction.The National Register of Historic Places Ceiling steel frame structural system) 100%1828 casements and sills. All sashes and frames are exact reproductions (circa 1950 doorway) from a house in north-central Trumbull County.A storage closet in this position was applied perimeter molding is a reproduction (circa 1993) of the extant molding on the East wall FIRST FLOOR 75% circa 1865 (replacement was necessary due to excessive wear, though original 1828 also found at the Beach House (now demolished),three-and-a-half miles north of (8-86) NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number_7 Page 9 100% 1828 flush board with a cove-and-bead cap to patch a circa 1950 doorway, now hidden by built-in bookcases) West wall East wall 100% 1828 paneled dado below flush board 100%1828 flush board The 100% 1828 door, casement and trim were returned to their original location circa 1990. They had been moved circa 1865 to a doorway in the south wall of the original and replicate size, material, and method of construction. This is one of two rooms that featured a stepped, molded casing rather than flat boards.

When the circa 1865 windows were installed, the original casements from this room were shortened and The flush board walls have never been painted, indicating that they were immediately Door Floor Windows Miscellaneous Baseboard Ceiling Parlor/Office Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places (1979-2001) unsuitable for replacement in their original location. The original profiles were instead North wall Parlor/Dining Room that accessed the central hallway. re-used in the southeast bedroom on the second floor.Their altered size made them papered upon construction. FIRST FLOOR 100%1828ash floorboards(with a small patch1979-2001 to cover plumbing installed 100% 1828paneled dado below flush board (with small patches below the windows 75%1828paneled dado below flush board (with8 coursesof salvaged flush board used 100% 1828 sills.

All sashes and frames are exact reproductions (circa 1993)of the JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, OHIO (8-86) replicated. NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number7 FIRST FLOOR 100% 1828 paneled dado below flush board flanking the fireplace and over mantle West wall 100%1828 paneled dado below flush board 100%1828 paneled dado below flush board (with top rail replaced circa 1990) East wall 100% 1828 flush board 100% 1828 doors, casements and trim. The west door was relocated from the south wall to its original position in the west wall circa 1990. replicate size, material and method of construction. This is one of the two rooms that featured a stepped, molded casing rather than flat boards. When the circa 1865 windows replacement in their original locations.

The original profiles were replicated Although the 1828 mantle was removed during the circa 1865 renovation, the boards on each side of the mantle remained in place, providing evidence of the height and width of replicate a period mantle so as not to provide a false record of the earlier detail. evidence in the floor) with the 1980-1990 re-establishment of the central chimney. Doors Floor Windows Page Mantle Paint Continuation Sheet Parlor/Dining Room Miscellaneous southeast chamber on the second floor.Their altered size made them unsuitable for the dado have never been painted, indicating that they were immediately wallpapered.

installed circa 1950) South wall National Register of Historic Places All sashes, frames and casements are exact reproductions (circa 1993) of the original and Linseed oil paint from 1828 was reproduced on the dado.The flush board walls above were installed, the original casements from this room were shortened and re-used in the The 1828 hearthstone had been dropped into the basement when the center chimney was 100% 1828ash floorboards (with two small patches 1979-2001 to cover plumbing the original mantle.The current mantle is new.It intentionally does not attempt to Ceiling removed circa 1865.Ithas been returned to its 1828 position (based on physical (8-86) NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior Section number_7 FIRST FLOOR 100% 1828 ash floorboards (with small patches 1979-2001) 100% 1828 beaded board (with 1979-2001 salvaged beaded board patches over two circa 1950 doorways) West wall 100% 1828 beaded board East wall the circa 1865 renovation, and the boards that were cut out to create the new opening original position in the 1980s. size, material and method of construction. The top board of the casement dates to 1828. no edge molding was used in the 1828 construction. based minium, an early nineteenth century red-orange, was used in the late twentieth in the floor to accommodate plumbing, all alterations to accommodate the change are length, was recovered from the yard and returned to the room neat its original position. Doors Floor Windows Ceiling Pantry Page11 Paint Continuation Sheet reversible.

The remaining two thirds of the room have been treated as a pantry/scullery, Miscellaneous century restoration. National Register of Historic Places South wall Paint lines indicate the original presence of a wood water pump on the north wall to renovation.The west doorway on the south wall was shifted four feet to the east during All sashes and frames are exact reproductions (circa 1993) of the original and replicate National Park Service were used to fill the original opening.The location of the door was returned to its draw water from the exterior cistern. The original stone sink, measuring five feet in with shelves and cabinets that are historically sympathetic yet fully reversible. The 1828 sill was raised to its original position. Paint histories in this room indicate that One third of the room has been partitioned for use as a bathroom.

Other than openings The door on the east end of the south wall was removed during the circa 1865 100% 1828 beaded board (with a small patch below the window 1979-2001) (8-86) Paint analysis indicates that the original paint color was Spanish brown.A linseed oil NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number_7 Page 12 FIRST FLOOR 100% 1828 maple floorboards (with patches in the location of the original hearth apron and a slightly larger patch that covers the hearth apron of the circa 1865 fireplace) 100% 1828 beaded board (with small patches below window 1979-2001). West wall amount of salvaged beaded board was used to fill in the gap left by the fireplace chimney that was removed circa 1950). East wall the circa 1865 chimney, and one register grate that dates from 1900 to 1950).

undisturbed door is located in the wall between the parlor/dining room and the kitchen. The other door that remained in its original position is between the kitchen and the wing, a position that would have been an exterior door prior to the circa 1865 renovation. 1993) of the original and replicate size, material, and method of construction. No evidence of a perimeter molding existed at the time of restoration. The 1828 mantle was removed during the circa 1865 renovation. The current mantel was salvaged from the circa 1824 Asahel Brainard House located approximately one-half considerable similarities in height and molding profiles exist between this mantle and paint line profiles for the original kitchen mantle in the Elam Jones Public House. been reproduced using a linseed oil-based paint.

In keeping with local examples, all wood surfaces except the floor are painted a single color, with the mantel finished in a Doors Floor Windows Kitchen materials). Mantle Paint Continuation Sheet The room originally had seven doors.Five were repositioned during the circa 1865 Ceiling renovation.All but one have been returned to their original positions.The only National Register of Historic Places Paint analysis indicates that the original color was light Prussian blue.This color has 100% 1828 casements and sills. All sashes and frames are exact reproductions (circa South wall 100%1828beaded board (reapplied over a new frame with internal steel posts.A small 100%1828beaded board(with small patches of salvaged board in the location of darker shade of the same color. JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, OHIO (8-86) NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number_7 Meeting Room 90° % 1828 ash floorboards (with a large patch in the middle to repair a hole cut through to accommodate kitchen plumbing during the circa 1950 renoration). 100°. 1828 flush board with a core-and-bead cap. 100°- 1828 (with small patches below the window 1979-2001) West wall 75"» 1828 beaded board. The central section of the wall has been altered br the addition of a fireplace and cupboard in place of a circa 1865 store chimney and doorvar. The 100-1828 beaded board. 100°- 1828 doors. Both doors are located in the east wall. The south door is in its 1865 renoration. It was replaced in its original location circa 1990. (circa 1993) of the original and replicate size, material and method of construction. The sills were returned to their original height with the restoration of the windows.

The applied edge molding is modem and duplicates the original profile found in this room. Paint lines on the casing boards indicated the presence of the molding molded edge approsimate the door casements used in the parlor/office. Design of the northeastern Trumbull Countr. with local examples, all wood surfaces except the floor are painted a single color. One original piece of fumiture - a low bench - remains with the public house. Fully ten feet in length, the bench would have been one of many that lined the walls of the room.

Floor Doors Windows Baseboard Ceiling Page13 Miscellaneous Mantle Paint Continuation Sheet SECOND FLOOR National Register of Historic Places East wall South wall 100°1828 casements,sills,and chair rail.All sashes and frames are exact reproductions The origin of the mantle is not known.The modest stepped surface and the applied material for the cupboard ismoden (1993),while the short sectionsof beaded wallboards were salraged from a house in nearbr Temon Township. original location.

The north door was mored a few feet to the south during the circa mantle derives from the same western Connecticut traditions that are evident throughout Paint analysis indicates that the original color was light Prussian blue tinted with JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, OHIO (8-86) NPS FORM10-900-A National Park Service Section number_7 100% circa 1950 yellow pine 100% circa 1850 beaded board salvaged from a circa 1850 shop in Fowler Township West wall 80% 1828 beaded board East wall 100% 1828 poplar floorboards 100% 1828 flush board Floor Page14 restoration). Current Laundry Room Current Bathroom South wall Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places SECOND FLOOR Ceiling 20%circa 1865 beaded board from the stair hall during the 1979-2001 United States Department of the Interior OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 (8-86) NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 National Park Service Section number 7 SECOND FLOOR the circa 1865 fireplace apron) 100% 1828 flush board with a cove-and-bead cap West wall 90% 1828 beaded board over a reconstructed wall with 10% salvaged beaded board 100% 1828 beaded board window 1979-2001) Board patch to cover window removed in circa 1865 remodel 100% 1828 doors size, material, and method of construction. The sills were returned to their original as are two of the three molded window sills. The circa 1990 applied edge molding fragments of the window casements indicated the historic presence of this molding). Additional door hardware in this room, slide bolts and an exterior box lock, indicates that this room served as the owner's chamber.

Doors Windows Miscellaneous Baseboard Ceiling Page Continuation Sheet (8-86) Southeast Chamber National Register of Historic Places East wall South wall windows 1979-2001) duplicates the profile of the window molding in the Meeting Room paint lines on the United States Department of the Interior All sashes and frames are exact reproductions (circa 1993) of the original and replicate height with the restoration of the windows. The top board of each casement is original, 100%1828 ash floorboards (with a small patch to repair the gap left by the removal of 100% 1828 beaded board (with small patches of salvaged beaded board below the Floor NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number 7 Page 16 The outbuildings are all sited to the east of the Elam Jones Public House and in close proximity to it (Figure stone wall encloses a portion of the yard between the Elam Jones Public House and the garage. constructed in 1829 to the east of the Elam Jones Public House. The wood frame structure, clad in flush vertical board siding, has a side gable roof clad in standing-seam tin. One wide door opening covered by flush-vertical-board double-leaf sliding barn doors centrally pierces the façade, or south elevation. The east elevation of the two-story structure is pierced at the first story by four six-light fixed wood sash windows The interior of the barn is divided into three sections.

Animal stalls that are fifteen feet wide by thirty feet deep flank the central wood-floored aisle, which is ten feet wide (Photo 15). Above the first story is a concrete block foundation. The south elevation of the late nineteenth century addition is also pierced by one central opening with flush-vertical-board double-leaf sliding barn doors. foundation. The structure, which is clad in flush vertical board siding, has an overhanging shed roof clad in leaf wood door. East of the door are three six-light fixed-sash wood windows. All façade openings have square-edged wood surrounds and sills. central and east bays feature wide vehicular door openings with glass-and-paneled roll-up wood doors, while the west bay is pierced by one glass-and-paneled single-leaf wood door.

OUTBUILDINGS Garage (Non-contributing) Continuation Sheet Distinguishing part of the south and west boundaries of the property are low stone walls. A slightly higher Stone Walls (Non-contributing) tripartite loft with a raised central section.The exposed framing members include sawn rafters supported at barn was extended by twenty feet to the west circa 1890.Roughly thirty years later, it was raised on a with square-edged wood surrounds and sills.An additional window opening is located in the gable peak. Chicken House (Non-contributing) 7).Immediately east of the main building is an asphalt-paved driveway that extends north from State Route Barn (Contributing) National Register of Historic Places concrete slab foundation.The side gable roof of the circa 1960 structure is clad in standing-seam tin.

The The cinderblock walls of the three-bay-wide garage (Photo 18)are clad in vinyl siding above the poured Constructed circa 1925,the rectangular wood frame chicken house Photo 17) sits on a poured concrete slab The original forty-foot wide by thirty-foot deep portion of the three-bay English hay barn (Photo 14) was standing-seam tin. The façade (south elevation) is pierced at the west end by a flush-vertical-board single- (8-86) mid-span by a purlin-and-jack truss system (Photo 16).The rafters are mortised into a hewn ridgepole. The 305 to the garage. To the east of the driveway is the barn.The chicken house is located north of the barn. NPS FORM 10-900-A National Park Service Section number7 chisel marks typical of nineteenth century masonry dressing and has been assembled from salvaged materials that date from the early to mid-1800s.

State Route 7 the intersection of State Route 7 contributing 1829 barn (B) sits to that were constructed in 1983 line the south and west sides of the State Route 305 Page (8-86) Continuation Sheet property. The north yard is contributing twentieth century Figure 7: Current Site Plan A second random rubble stone wall that is nearly four feet tall encloses a portion of the north yard. This stone wall. partially enclosed by another Defining the south and west property boundaries is a dry-laid coursed ashlar stone wall that rises National Register of Historic Places approximately two feet from the ground. The wall, which ranges from one to two courses, was initially chicken house (C) and the circa outbuildings are the circa 1925 dominates the northeast corner of 1960 garage (D).

Stone walls (E) the west of the driveway opposite United States Department of the Interior established in1985,and additional stones have been added to it since that time.The sandstone displays the public house. The non- and State Route 305. The The Elam Jones Public House (A) OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Jones, Elam, Public House Name of Property Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Applicable National Register Criteria Areas of Significance (Mark "X" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses nigh artistic values, or represents a significant and Period of Significance distinguishable entity who's components lack D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield information important in prehistory or history. (Mark "X" in all boxes that apply.) 1828, 1844, 1846, 1862 Property is: A owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes.

Significant Person (complete if Criterion B is marked) B removed from its original location. C a birthplace or grave. D a cemetery. E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. F a commemorative property Linus Parker, Builder (Barn) within the past 50 years.

Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Primary location of additional data: preliminary determination of individual listing (36 State Historic Preservation Office CFR 67) has been requested Other State Agency previously listed in the National Register Previously determined eligible by the National designated a National Historic Landmark recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey Personal Collection of Chris & Diane Klingemier recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # 1828-1862 Register Commerce Other Politics/Government Exploration/Settlement University Criteria Considerations N/A individual distinction.

Bibliography (See Continuation Sheet) Local Government Federal Agency Architect/Builder County and State Social History (Enter categories from instructions) Significant Dates 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References Name of repository: Cultural Affiliation N/A for National Register listing.) Trumbull County, Ohio Previous documentation on file (NPs): G less than 50 year of age or achieved significance Jones, Elam, Public House 10. Geographical Data 1.25 Acres UTM References USGS Quadrangle: Hartford (place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet.) (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By Annie McDonald & Chris Klingemier, Architectural Historians 3 November 2002 street & number C/o 3365 State Route 7 city or town submit the following items with the completed form: A USGS map (7.5 Or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location Representative black and white photographs of the property.

(Check with the SHPO) or FPO for any additional items Property Owner (Complete this item at the request of SHPO or FPO.) Chris & Diane Klingemier Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listing. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.) of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P. O.Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Projects (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20303.

date name Photographs state 330.772.3582 Northing Ohio Maps 44404-9757 telephone County and State Continuation Sheets Boundary Justification Trumbull County, Ohio Verbal Boundary Description Additional Documentation zip code organization See continuation sheet Additional items Acreage of Property Burghill Name of Property name/title A Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect Zone Easting NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number _ STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Owned and operated by Elam and Sarah Jones from its 1828 construction until 1846, the Elam Jones into a single-family residence.

The building is significant under Criterion A for its local contributions to the broad patterns of Hartford Township's history during the second quarter of the nineteenth century. National Register listing. It was during this thirty-four-year span that the building was most significant in the history of Hartford Township. Its central chimney form embodies the distinctive traits of Connecticut Western Reserve. As a public house, the establishment served a variety of functions during served as a stagecoach stop, post office and Masonic meeting hall. The roles played by the Elam Jones Public House diminished after the 1850s when its importance as a stop along the stage route from Erie web of rail lines that connected Warren, Youngstown and Erie had encircled Hartford Township and Jones Public House ceased to be of importance as a center for communication and commerce and as a center.

The 1829 barn to the east of the house contributes to the historic significance of the property. located on the one-and-a-quarter acres at the intersection of State Route 7 and State Route 305. HISTORIC CONTEXT At the turn of the nineteenth century, settlers from Hartland, Barkhamsted and other western Township Five, Range One of the Connecticut Western Reserve. Title to the land within the township boundaries was initially granted to Urial Holmes and Ephraim Root, both of whom were from western purchased the first three thousand acres in September 1799, and later that year traveled westward with community, creating a homogeneous settlement that mirrored the religious makeup of Hartland, Connecticut. Indeed, nearly all of these families were interrelated through blood or marriage. Interests Volume II (Chicago: The Lewis Publishing Company, 1909), 484.

Page Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places Hartford's early to mid-nineteenth century development.In keeping with its titled use, the building to Pittsburgh was reduced as rail lines were introduced throughout northeastern Ohio.By 1862,the Public House was then maintained under different ownership until circa 1890,when it was converted rendered obsolete the use of stage lines for transportation and communication.Asa result,the Elam interested in moving to the newly established Connecticut Western Reserve.Edward Brockway Connecticut.It was Holmes and Root who were responsible for the sale of these lands to parties and during the year 1804 alone roughly one hundred residents of Connecticut flooded into the From 1828until 1862,the Elam Jones Public House attained the characteristics that qualify it for (8-86) Isaac Jones and Asahel Brainard from Hartford, Connecticut to the Western Reserve to establish Connecticut to Hartford Township.

Migration into Hartford increased dramatically from 1803 to 1806, JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, traditional Connecticut methods of building design and construction as transplanted into the Hartford Township and the only remaining nineteenth century commercial building at the township Two non-contributing outbuildings - a circa 1925 chicken house and a circa 1960 garage - are also Connecticut towns settled Hartford Township, the twenty-five square mile parcel of land known as traveler's resting place. The Elam Jones Public House is the earliest remaining public house in NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number_ Page_ The state of Connecticut had maintained its theocratic government through the early nineteenth century.

to move from New England to the Connecticut Western Reserve in the early 1800s. Nevertheless, it was the Connecticut Congregationalist Church, in partnership with the Presbyterian Church, that barns of some members and eventually in the local schoolhouse, which was constructed in 1805 on the settlement would later come into conflict with the religious beliefs and cultural mores introduced into the homogeneous community through the influence of travel and commerce, much of which centered on the Elam Jones Public House. Elam Jones, a former schoolteacher and descendant of Captain Israel Jones of Barkhamstead, arrived in east of Hartford center for $600.10 He was elected township clerk in 1811 and remained in that position for nearly twenty years.

In addition to being politically active, Jones remained socially prominent in the library with books that he brought from Connecticut.!2 After the first ten years of active settlement throughout the township, Hartford appeared slated for continued growth through the second decade of the nineteenth century. Unexpectedly, however, new settlement in Hartford decreased during the War of 1812,13 and migration into the township did not record-low temperatures throughout the summer season. Additionally, Connecticut dissolved its also Upton, 488. " History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties, 250; see also Parker, 53. 12 Upton, 486.

(8-86) Connecticut, schooled in both Congregationalist and Presbyterian doctrine, ministered to the small Continuation Sheet of Hartford and neighboring Vernon Township; however, no meetinghouse was constructed for the National Register of Historic Places resume to any extent until after 1816.That year, climactic extremes along the east coast resulted in congregation until 1819. The first nineteen years of services were held alternately in the houses and theocracy in 1816,thus rendering Connecticut Congregationalists less politically influential in that state.

Western Reserve.8 By September 1803,a Congregationalist church was formally organized by residents November 1800,when the Reverend Joseph Badger came from Connecticut as a missionary to the Hartford Township in 1805 and purchased three hundred acres on the south side of State Route 305 local community throughout his life.ll For example,it was he who established the community's first It is partially a result of the political actions of this theocracy that so great a number of its citizens chose Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio. Photocopy), 6-9. 1 History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties, 255. JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, township green.

The strong Congregationalist background that was established in the earliest days of population.7 The first organized religious services in this Congregationalist community occurred in eventually answered the religious needs of Hartford Township's early settlers.Missionaries from township.Thus,Upton's account is understood tobe a later romanticizing of the early history of the community. NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number_8 Page townships in which their faith maintained political and social prominence. Masons, resulted from relationships that transcended daily life. The organization formed in 1812 after the Grand Lodge of Ohio granted the members a dispensation on 15 February of that year.

A formal nearby locations." was to be constructed had previously been set aside by Urial Holmes and Ephraim Root for the purpose In 1820, Jones and his wife Sarah bought thirty acres of unimproved land at the northeast corner of the dwelling on this parcel at Hartford Center, they remained on their 300-acre farm until 1822, when Elam Jones sold twenty of the family's three hundred acres to his brother-in-law Thomas Dutcher. Based on occupied by Elam and Sarah Jones until the 1822 completion of their next house. Located immediately northeast of the meetinghouse, this one-and-a-half story, two-bay-wide dwelling had a structural system of post-and-beam framing. After the sale of their first farmhouse, the Jones family moved into their newly completed house at the center of Hartford.

Commercial interests in Hartford Township's barter society did not begin to thrive until the late 1820s and early 1830s. Prior to that time, commerce was scattered throughout the township.. The first store 1820s, other stores were erected or operated out of dwellings in the south and west parts of the 14 Ibid, 267-268. (8-86) Continuation Sheet As immigration by Connecticut Congregationalists increased through the latter 1810s, there arose a need National Register of Historic Places for a Congregational meetinghouse to serve the growing community.With a contract signed in deed research, at appears as though the sale of this acreage included the cabin and outbuildings Residents of Hartford Township were initially connected by their faith.Later, social organizations township.The first purpose-built store at the township center was not erected until 1829.In that year, 16 Ibid, 255.

December 1818,work on the church began the following year.The public land on which the church of building a meetinghouse for the township's Congregationalist residents.15 The structure,a wood years of its existence, the Masonic lodge met at a tavern in Burg Hill operated by David Lane and other opened in 1814 to the north of the township center in Burg Hill.Through the late 1810sand early the building, which was centrally located at the hub of Hartford Center.16 JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, These factors led to a large migration of Congregationalists to Hartford and other Western Reserve population of over six hundred.

Elam Jones was among the largest contributors for the construction of frame building forty-five feet square, was completed in 1820,when the township had reached a charter signed by prominent members of Hartford was granted two years later. For the first seventeen strengthened the community.The formation of the Jerusalem Lodge Number 19,Free and Accepted NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number8 Page Alva and Gad Hart built a commercial building near the northeast corner of the township center. The first public house to be located at the township center was constructed for Elam Jones in 1828.18 The post-and-beam-framed building was located on the thirty-acre parcel of land at the intersection of house, although one of the largest buildings located at the center of the community, had the same Western Reserve.

The building made use of the four-bent form, which required four vertical posts two bents and provided a strong central support for the entire structural system.19 1822 while they newspaper declared the expansion of a stage and mail line from Cleveland to Pittsburgh. In addition to its connection of metropolitan centers, State Rdiute 305 G. C. Reed Public House : State Route 7 Prior to the Elam Jones Public House, there had Township. The G. C. Reed Public House, located south of the township center, was constructed in 1841.

At the northern end of the township is the Western the first to be located in the heart of this identified within a 200-mile area that includes the townships of Brookfield, 1 Although no information currently exists to link a local builder with the construction of the Elam Jones Public House, the building techniques are similar to those employed in other buildings in the township, including the 1818 meetinghouse. 19 Related central-chimney framing systems include the three-bent frame and the four-bent frame with offset. River. House National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet In that same year, an announcement in the local office, collecting mail and hosting weary travelers The public announcement noted overall form and appearance as many of the surrounding dwellings.Builders of the Elam Jones Public (bents) spaced along the eaves-end of the building.

The chimney was positioned between the cetnral House used a central-chimney house frame common throughout New England and the Connecticut by its strategic placement along this route. constructed in Burg Hill between 1802 Elam Jones Public House specifically that Hartford was a stop along the placement between Lake Erie and the Ohio the importance of this stage line also lay in its commenced operation of the new public house. been but one tavern in the township, Elam Jones Public House served as the local post In 1829,the Jones family lived in the modest 17 Ibid, 264. completed in and 1803.21 House, although the second tavern to be constructed in Hartford Township, what public house constructed in the township. Five additional taverns were positively Fowler, Gustavus, Hartford, Johnson, Kinsman, Vernon and Vienna. 3 Tramp of Fame, 17 September 1829.

JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, (8-86) dwelling Figure 8:Extant 19 Century Taverns in Hartford Township.The Elam structure was located. Western Reserve State Routes 7 and 305,but just south of the Jones family's one-and-a-half story house.The public Jones public House is the earliest of the three extant taverns in Hartford The Elam Jones Public NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number8 growing commercial district (Figure 8). In 1829, Elam's son-in-law Linus Parker, helped Jones enabled Elam Jones to better serve his clientele.

Not only could local travelers arriving from nearby townships stable their horses inside, but the barn could also provide overnight shelter for horses serving The establishment of this line for mail delivery, trade and traveling that connected metropolitan centers to the north and south of Hartford Township resulted in a cultural split between township residents. The increasingly cosmopolitan attitudes and mores of newcomers to the area and native-born members 1830s. In 1829, after gathering at locations throughout the townships of Vernon and Hartford, the Route 7 north of Hartford Center.24 1830s and early 1840s as a result of the panic of 1837. After 1841, however, local commerce and trade experienced a resurgence. In that year, a second tavern was constructed south of the Elam Jones Public House but still near the township center. This building, operated by G. C.

Reed, remained in use as a public house through the mid-nineteenth century. A Figure 9: Elam Jones House, circa 1910. Several important things are depicted Hill between 1846 and 1853.25 in this historic image. Abner Mc Dermotis here photographed in front of the 1847 Elam Jones House, the dwelling to which Jones moved after retiring as proprietor of his tavern. In the early twentieth century, Daniel Parsons owned and resided in the Elam Jones Public House, which is located in the background * Ibid, 268. 25 Ibid, 263. Both the G. C. Reed Public House, which dates to 1841, and the 1846-1853 Western Reserve House are extant; however neither and is located outside of the township center, thus rendering its importance more directly to the community of Burg Hill rather than to Page Continuation Sheet the stage line.

form a Presbyterian congregation in the community.23 third tavern, historically known as the National Register of Historic Places Western Reserve House, opened in Burg of the township's second generation challenged the standards of Hartford's older residents who had the beginning of a religious divide between the older Congregationalists and those who would later of the circa 1910 photograph. have diminished slightly during the late The Masonic organization in Hartford continued to thrive despite the anti-Masonic fervor of the early Jerusalem Lodge Number Nineteen established the Elam Jones Public House as its official meeting migrated to the Western Reserve from Connecticut in the early nineteenth century.This agitation was construct the three-bay English hay barn to the east of the tavern.2The construction of the barn Hartford Center and the overall settlement pattern of the township.

Commerce in the township appears to 2 Linus Parker, Personal Daybook (Local History and Genealogy Division, Warren Public Library, Warren, Ohio), np. 23 History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties, 266. buildingis listed onthe National Register of Historic Places. The Reed building does not retain sufficient architectural and historic integrity to qualify for nomination, and the Western Reserve House, although relatively intact architecturally, falls too late within the period of significance JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, (8-86) NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 National Park Service Section number 8 tavern.2 While Lucien Jones retained ownership of the property through the 1850s, it was J. L. Pearce The 1856 atlas of the county is the last, on the composition of the township as it line.

By 1856, the population of and northern part of the township, was the Atlantic and Great Western Railway north of Hartford, was the final link in the web of rail lines that resulted in the Figure 10: Hartford Center, from the 1856 County Atlas. This mid-nineteenth trade centers such as Erie, Cleveland - completion of this local rail link ends the Elam Jones Public House. The station located at the intersection of the railroad and State Route 7 was given the name Burg Hill, and the older settlement of the same name was then reterred to as Old Burg Over the next two decades, owners of the Elam Jones Public House updated the building to conform to Victorian tastes.

To begin, the one-and-a-half-story 1822 dwelling in which the Jones family resided was moved from its location just north of the public house and attached to the east elevation of the kitchen space, which enabled the owner to convert the original kitchen into a parlor. The floor plan of % Ibid, 263. Page Continuation Sheet the main block changed significantly during this period.The massive central chimney was removed and commerce in Hartford Township had connected Hartford to metropolitan Hill.Historic maps from the mid-1870s show little change from 1856,indicating that Hartford house at the township center.

larger building.This placement of a wing on the building provided the public house with additional United States Department of the Interior period of historic significance for the existed within the context of the stage National Register of Historic Places and perhaps only definitive information who then maintained the daily functions of the establishment through the mid-1800s (Figure10). obsolescence of the stage lines that In 1846,Elam Jones retired as postmaster and proprietor of his tavern and moved toa newly in its place a central hall with a straight-rise stair was established.Replacing the central chimney were property transferred to his son Lucien Curtis Jones, it was actually Cornelius Silliman who followed Elam Jones as proprietor of the establishment.

By 1851, however, Lucien Jones was the community s settlement.27 In 1862, the extension of century image of the township center reveals that Hartford had developed a strong commercial core that was densely built with dwellings, stores, shops, churches and operated by J. L. Pearce, continued to thrive as the post office and largest public Township had reached its zenith in the mid-nineteenth century and had begun a commercial decline.28 JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, reached unprecedented levels. Llclones small community of Burg Hill, in the The township center was thriving, and the (8-86) postmaster,indicating that he was not entirely removed from the daily or weekly operations of the NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number_ 8 Page 24 preferred during the 1880s and 1890s, and the sashes were replaced with 2/2 windows. (Figure 11) replacement of the interior finishes materials into the overall fabric of the building. Rather, the owners New materials vertical board on the interior walls patches were covered only by the of the windows, which contain 2/2 sashes. The attached wing is visible to the right of the second floor. Once the windows were enlarged, the window frame was simply placed upon the existing been an inexpensive attempt to stylistically update the early nineteenth century public house. commercial strength of the community. By the turn of the twentieth century, Daniel Parsons, the last proprietor of the tavern, converted the Elam Jones Public House into a single-family residence.

The building continued to serve as a single-family dwelling until the middle of the twentieth century, when it was altered to accommodate apartments. Like the first period of renovation, this second phase of alterations did not result in the extensive casements.

(8-86) Continuation Sheet two smaller chimneys that flanked this hall.Later, the windows were lengthened to proportions National Register of Historic Places introduced during this period of diminished as other towns in the surrounding area grew up around Hartford Township, decreasing the placement of the openings and the original wall materials.Detailed trim that lined the historic perimeter of the interior window alterations included only beaded Parlor/Dining Room and Parlor/Office was removed and re-used in the southeast bedroom on the Although the building remained a tavern through the latter half of the nineteenth century, the importance of the Elam Jones Public House as a stagecoach stop, meeting hall and post office renovation did not result in the or the extensive use of new Figure 11: Elam Jones Public House, circa 1900.

Evident in this sole identified historic or the image of the Elam Jones public House is the conversion of the central chimney to two interior chimneys that flank a central hall. Additionally, the image reveals the lengthening application of wallpaper to the main block behind the tree (looking north-northeast from State Route 305) walls, thus preserving the JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, doorways casements. Rather than replacing the interior window sills, the historic sills were instead placed in a lower position. Overall, the renovation of the structure in the late-nineteenth century appears to have of the central hallway and an NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number 8 Page 1828 beaded and flush board walls and paneled dado were retained, although most were covered with sheetrock. Atthis time, aluminum siding was applied to the exterior. THE 19TH CENTURY TAVERN: FROM MEETINGHOUSE TO TOWN HALL The placement and form of the Elam Jones Public House are characteristic of early nineteenth century community's meetinghouse. Often, one or across the street from the green, or at the throughout New England and therefore in Elam Jones Public House importance, as it was then convenient to the Elam Jones Public House made it best State Route 7 from 1829 through the 1850s. Township.

The Elam Jones Public House is one of nine extant buildings in the township that feature a framing technique that was common in Connecticut and introduced in the Connecticut Western Reserve in the early 1800s. Each building eighteenth century public houses, those of incorporates a central chimney within a three-bent or four-bent post-and-beam frame structure. Each building is depicted in black. century are well documented. Taverns in roads.30 Exploration/Settlement Continuation Sheet (8-86) National Register of Historic Places travelersalong north-south and east-west the architecture of seventeenth and early Although little information exists about able to serve the Hartford community the later eighteenth century and nineteenth very least within a short walking distance from it. This siting of the public house in such close proximity to the community's Reserve.?

The location of a public house For this reason, the tavern Figure 12: Barkhamsted, Conn.: Today and Yesterday in the History of the Town (Hartford, Connecticut: Case, Lockwood & Brainard, 930), 58. "' Kym Rice, Early American Tarerns: For the Entertainment of Friends and Strangers (Chicago: Fraunces Tavern Museum, 1983), 21. JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, New England town planning. The platting of New England towns, especially those in Connecticut and continued to be the "center for the century."31 Indeed, the central location of more taverns were constructed directly meetinghouse was a common practice townships of the Connecticut Western State Route 3051 NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number_ 8 Page.

New England that date to this period most often resemble domestic structures.32 The form of domestic buildings was exceptionally adaptable, and proved to be a good pattern from which to construct public form are presently located in the township (Figure 12). Three that are contemporary to the Elam Jones Public House include the 1829 Alva Hart House (TRU-2135-15) on State Route 7 at Hartford Center, the 1820-1825 Ariel Chapman House (TRU-2144-15) on State Route 7 in Old Burghill and the 1835- 1838 Eli Bushnell House on State Route 305 south of Hartford Center. All three dwellings represent Western Reserve interpretations of the central chimney form.

Although making reference in name to the domestic origin of their form, public houses did not necessarily adhere to the same room arrangement or use as their private counterparts.3 Whereas the kitchen in most central chimney dwellings was sited behind the chimney, that of the Elam Jones Public between the publicly accessible rooms on the first story. If the kitchen had been sited in the normal location, it would have cut off the flow of traffic to the rooms flanking it. Placing the kitchen beside the chimney rather than behind it made three first floor rooms - rather than only two - accessible to amounted to many people. Taverns served meals not only to travelers along the stage route, but also to local residents who would be gathering for meetings or to obtain the latest political or social news. The rooms, would also be present.

In the Elam Jones Public House, this room is sited to the north of the chimney (Photo 11).+ In this example, the room is surrounded by paneled wainscot and originally Room/Parlor in the Elam Jones Public House may have also served this function. The second story of through the Connecticut Western Reserve during the first half of the nineteenth century.35 1700-1900 (Concord, New Hampshire: New Hampshire Historical Society, 1988), 17. 34 Morrison, 20-22. (8-86) Continuation Sheet House was located beside the chimney and the entry hall (Photo 10).

This change in room function was National Register of Historic Places Public House make it representative of New England taverns as they were established in settlements Township during the first half of the nineteenth century.Nine extant buildings with a central-chimney featured wallpaper that adorned the flush board walls.A room located to the west of the Dining patrons.The kitchen also had to beof adequate size for the preparation of large meals for what often necessary to meet the varied needs of the tavernspatrons.It also enabled a better flow of traffic the meeting room (Photo12) spans the full depth of the building.These features of the Elam Jones Additionally, a parlor/dining room, which usually featured a higher grade of decoration than the other 32 Morrison, 92. detailing of taverns throughout the Barkhamsted area.

The Flam Jones Public House most resembles the circa 1800 George Webster Merrill Tavern (depicted on pages 147 and 159). Although broader and deeper than the Jones building, the Merrill tavern shares several fcatures with the Elam Jones Public House, including 12/12 double-hung windows on the first story, 12/8 double-hung windows on the second story, and a pedimented tympanum in one gable end with only cornice returns on the opposite gable end. In addition, lap siding, instead of the more JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, the public house features the largest room in the building. Roughly fifteen feet wide by thirty feet long, common flush siding, is used as wall cladding in the tympanum.

Although the Elam Jones Public House differs in its placement of a fanlight in but also the tables and chairs that occupied the space.The tavern room of the Elam Jones Public House (Photos 8 & 9) is located opposite the kitchen on the west side of the central chimney. NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number8 Page - The Elam Jones Public House is one ofthefew extant early nineteenth century taverns positively townships of Johnson, Kinsman, Gustavus, Vernon, Fowler, Hartford, Vienna, and Burghill, only eight taverns that date to the first half of the 1800s are known to exist. The use of domestic forms in the construction of taverns makes their late twentieth century identification difficult. Two hundred years of dwellings.

In addition to the Elam Jones Public House, the earliest extant tavern in Hartford, two additional taverns are located on State Route 7 in the township (Figure 8). Other taverns within these (circa 1820), and Vienna (circa 1825), the last of which was completely gutted in the 1880s and then moved in the 1980s. The Elam Jones Public House was indispensable to the commercial needs of the Hartford community. Not only did the establishment represent a specialized aspect of commerce and trade in the township, but it also served as the location of other commercial transactions. The Elam Jones Public House which were commonly held in taverns throughout New England, were held in the public houses of the Western Reserve.

The meeting room, in addition to its use for private gatherings, could also function as an action hall for the sale of lands, estates, and other publicly available goods and services. As early as 1830, the Elam Jones Public House, one of the only buildings of suitable size in Hartford Township, served as the venue for a public sales of land by Titus Brockway.3 Its direct and indirect relationship to the commercial needs of the community made the Elam Jones Public House an anchor along the township green.

purpose because of the usual presence of a large meeting room.3 Beginning in 1829, the local Masonic Lodge, which had previously met at various public houses and residences in Hartford, Vienna, and Vernon townships, established its meetings at the public house operated by Elam Jones and remained active at that venue until 1844.38 Meetings of local militia brigades, whether for the purpose of drill departed Barkhamsted for Hartford Township, and is most likely the source for the design and construction of the later building. 36 "Notice of Sale," Trump of Fame, 18 March 1830. 3 History of Tramball and Mahoning Counties, 267-268.

Commerce (8-86) Social History identified within an area of two hundred square miles in northeastern Trumbull County.In the use and alterations often result in the inability to distinguish taverns from early nineteenth century Taverns routinely served as gathering places for large numbers of people and were well suited to this practice or for administrative purposes, also met in public houses in the early to mid-nineteenth century. would have served drinks and meals to travelers and local patrons alike.Public sales and auctions, The Western Reserve Chronicle,advertising for such a meeting,indicated in October1837 that a"court of eight townships include buildings at the center of Fowler (circa 1850), Kinsman (circa 1835), Brookfield pediment was most likely pierced by a fanlight. The George Webster Merrill Tavern was constructed only a few years before Elam Jones 57 Rice, 121.

OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 National Park Service Section number 8 Page _ enquiry will be held...at the public house of Elam Jones, in Hartford, for the assessment of fines, &c. as church. Indeed, it is likely that after public gatherings on the town square, such as the officer muster for the first brigade, fourth division in August 1837, the Elam Jones Public House would experience a rush of patrons. + Its contribution to the social history of the township did not end with large gatherings of patrons in the story. Like taverns throughout New England, the Elam Jones Public House would have served as a dispensary for political and social news of local, state, and national importance.

In addition, it was not uncommon for taverns to keep a small library for patrons, and Elam Jones, who had brought with him a collection of books from his home in Barkhamsted, is credited with establishing Hartford's first library.* Additionally, the placement of the Elam Jones Public House along the stage route from Cleveland and changing social composition and outlook of the Hartford community. The use of the public house as a post office was common throughout New England and, hence, the service in small communities.42 The Elam Jones Public House, located at the main crossroads in the center of Hartford Township, reflects this trend. Elam Jones, formerly township clerk from 1811 through the late 1820s or early 1830s, was also postmaster from 1829 through 1844. He held the proprietorship of the public house that bears his name.

39 "Brigade Notice," Western Reserve Chronicle, 10 October 1837. *l Rice, 78; see also Upton, 486. 2 Rice, 81. Politics/Government food, refreshments and a large meeting room made them ideal gathering spaces outside of the local National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet half of the nineteenth century.It was a position that he maintained for the duration of his Lake Erie to Pittsburgh and the Ohio River elevated its importance to the social history of he intersections were the ones most likely to be the designated collection and distribution points for mail United States Department of the Interior demographics of surrounding communities, the Elam Jones Public House played a vital role in the required by law.All brigade staff offices are required to attend said court...39 That taverns provided NPS FORM10-900-A meeting room and on the grounds.

Instead, it continued in the smaller rooms of the building's first 40 "Muster," Western Reserve Chronicle, 1 August 1837. JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, appointment for a greater length of time than any other postmaster in Hartford Township in the first (8-86) Connecticut Western Reserve.These buildings were usually sited along primary roads and those at NPS FORM10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 National Park Service Section number Page - Brown, P.J. Map of Trumbull County, Ohio. Philadelphia: Gillette, Matthews, & Company, 1856. Everts, L.H. Combination Atlas Map of Trumbull County, Obio. Chicago: Duval & Hunter, Publishers, 1874. Parker, Linus. Personal Daybook. Local History and Genealogy Division, Warren Public Library, Warren, Trump of Fame (18 March 1830).

Western Reserve Chronicle (13 August 1829) Western Reserve Chronicle (17 September 1829) Western Reserve Chronicle (8 January 1837). Western Reserve Chronicle (10 October 1837). Western Reserve Cbronicle (2 May 1851). TMs (photocopy). Collection of the Form Preparer. Garvin, Donna-Belle and James L. Garvin. On the Road North of Boston: New Hampshire Taverns and Turnpikes, 1700-1900. Concord, New Hampshire: New Hampshire Historical Society, 1988. Griffith, Gregory. Ohio Historic Inventory TRU-2134-15. Trumbull County Planning Commission, 1982. Ohio. Primary Sources BIBLIOGRAPHY Secondary Sources (8-86) Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places Trump of Fame (17 September 1829). United States Department of the Interior Haas, Irvin.America's Historic Inns and Taverns.New York:Arco Publishing Company, Incorporated,1977.

Baker, Nancy T."Some Notes on Taverns in Annapolis, Maryland During the Colonial Period (1981)." NPS FORM 10-900-A OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Section number_9 Page 30 History of Trumbull and Mahoning Counties, with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches, 2 volumes. Cleveland: H.Z. Williams & Brothers, 1882. Ashland, Ohio: Privately printed, 1937. Larkin, Jack. Tbe New England Country Tavern. Sturbridge, Massachusetts: Old Sturbridge, Incorporated, Lathrop, Elise. Early American Inns and Taverns. New York: Benjamin Blom, Incorporated, 1968. Historical Quarterly 26 (January 1917): 1-42. Morrison, Hugh. Early American Architecture: From the First Colonial Settlements to the National Period. New York: Dover Publications, 1987. Farm Structures. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1995. Parker, L. Newton.

History and Genealogy of the Ancestors and Descendants of Captain Israel Jones, W ho Removed fram Enfield to Barkhamsted, Conn. in the Year 1759. Norwalk, Ohio: The Laning Company, 1902. Ripley, Orville. Sesqui-centennial of Barkhamsted, Connecticut, 1779-1929: Today and Yesterday in the History of the Town. Hartford, Connecticut: Case, Lockwood & Brainard, 1930. Upton, Harriet Taylor. A Twentieth Century History of Trumbull County, Ohio: A Narrative Account of Its Historical Progress, Its People, and Its Principal Interests, Volume II. Chicago: The Lewis Publishing Company, 1909. Visser, Thomas Durant. Field Guide to New England Barns and Farm Buildings. Hanover, New Hampshire: University Press of New England, 1997. Wheeler, Richard G. and George Hilton, editors. Barkbamsted Heritage: Culture and Industry in a Rural Connecticut Town.

Barkhamsted, Connecticut: Barkhamsted Historical Society, 1975. 2000. Photocopy. 1983. Continuation Sheet National Register of Historic Places Long,Byron R."Joseph Badger, the First Missionary to the Western Reserve."Obio Archaeological and Noble,Allen G.and Richard K.Cleek.The Old Barn Book:A Field Guide to North American Barns and Other Knittle, Rhea Mansfield. Early Ohio Taverns: Tavern-sign, Stage-coach, Barge, Banner, Chair and Settee Painters. JONES, ELAM, PUBLIC HOUSE, 3365 STATE ROUTE 7, HARTFORD, TRUMBULL COUNTY, OHIO Through 1830." Department of History, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio. (8-86) NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 11-90) OMB No. 10024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Section number_Photo log Page_31 County, Ohio.

The photographer is Annie McDonald, and all negatives are in the possession of property owners Chris and Diane Klingemier. The photograph numbers correspond to those on the DESCRIPTION OF PHOTOGRAPH and CAMERA DIRECTION View northwest, showing the Salmon Hart House (1844) in the background View west/northwest, showing the Hartford Elementary School (c.

1925) in the West and south façades, camera facing northeast South façade, camera facing north Barn: Southeast corner, camera facing northwest Northwest corner, camera facing southeast First floor: Stair hall, camera facing northeast First floor: Public/tavern room, camera facing southwest First floor: Public/tavern room, camera facing northeast First floor: Kitchen, camera facing northwest First floor: Parlor/dining room, camera facing southeast Second floor: Meeting room, camera facing south First floor: West room of the wing, camera facing northwest Barn interior: Central aisle, camera facing south Barn interior: Framing timbers in loft, camera facing northwest Chicken house: Southwest corner, camera facing northeast Garage: North elevation, camera facing south background EXTERIOR INTERIOR STREET- OUTBUILDINGS SCAPES Continuation Sheet Continuation Sheets 6 through 8).All photographs were taken on 27 December2000.

All photographs depict the Elam Jones Public House at 3365 State Route 7 in Hartford, Trumbull back of each individual photograph and the exterior site plan and interior floor plans (see NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 11-90) OMB No. 10024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CURRENT SITE PLAN (photo views keyed to the photo log continuation sheet 36) State Route 7 State Route 305 Continuation Sheet Section number_Photo log Page 32 _ 177 NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 11-90) OMB No. 10024-0018 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES SECOND FLOOR PLAN (photo views keyed to the photo log on continuation sheet 36) Continuation Sheet National Park Service United States Department of the Interior FIRST FLOOR PLAN (photo views keyed to the photo log on continuation sheet36) Section number Photo log Page_ NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 11-90) OMB No.

10024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Continuation Sheet FIRST FLOOR BARN PLAN (photo views keyed to photo log on continuation sheet 36) Circa 1890 Addition SECOND FLOOR BARN PLAN (photo views keyed to photo log on continuation sheet 36) Section number_Photo log Page_34 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET NAME : DATE OF 16TH DAY: DATE OF 45TH DAY: N PDIL: N PERIOD: PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: N COMMENT WAIVER: N JAN " 8 2003 DATE ABSTRACT/ SUMMARY COMMENTS : TELEPHONE REJECT 1/11/03 DISCIPLINE 1/08/03 11/27/02 RETURN DATE MULTIPLE REVIEWER ACCEPT RECOM./CRITERIA DATE RECEIVED: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OTHER: REASONS FOR REVIEW: DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: Jones, Elam, Public House N SLR DRAFT: N PROPERTY NATIONAL: Bntered n the 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 TRUMBULL COUNTY HARTFORD ELAM JONES PUBLIC HOUSE 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 TRUMBULL COUNTY PHOTO 2 OF 18 HARTFORD ELAM JONES PUBLIC HOUSE 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 PHOTO 3 OF18 TRUMBULL COUNTY ELAM JONES PUBLC HOUSE TRUMBULL COUNTY HARTFORD OHIO PHOTO 4 OF 18 ELAM JONES PUBLIC HOUSE 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 PHOTO 5 OF 18 HARTFORD OHIO ELAM JONES PUBUC HOUSE 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 PHOTO 6 OF 18 HARTFORD OHIO 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 TRUMBULL COUNTY PHOTO 7 OF 18 HARTFORD OHIO ELAM JONES PUBLC HOUSE 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 PHOTO 8 OF 18 ELAM JONES PUBLIC HOUSE 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 PHOTO 9 OF 18 OHIO 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 TRUMBULL COUNTY HARTFORD ELAM JONES PUBLIC HOUSE HART FORD OHIO TRUMBULL COUNTY ELAM JONES PUBLIC HOUSE 3365 STATE ROUTE T HARTFORD ELAMJONES PUBLIC HOUSE TRUMBULL COUNTY PHOTO 13 OF 18 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 ELAM JONES PUBLIC HOUSE 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 TRUMBULL COUNTY HARTFORD MISIN BRAN ELAM JONES PUBLIC HOUSE 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 TRUMBULL COUNTY PHOTO 15 OF 18 OHIO ELAM JONES PUBLIC HOUSE 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 TRUMBULL COUNTY HARTFORD ELAM JONES PUBLC HOUSE HARTFORD OHIO ELAM JONES PUBLIC HOUSE 3365 STATE ROUTE 7 TRUMBULL COUNTY PHOTO 18 OF 18 OHIO HARTFORD ORANGEVILLE QUADRANGLE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OHIO-PENNSYLVANIA UNITED STATES ROAD CLASSIFICATION OHIO STATE OF OHIO ORANGEVILLE, OHIO -PA.

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