Nomination for South Burying Ground

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 1256 OCT 1 4 2004 This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in How to Complete the National terms on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Property historic name South Burying Ground other names/site number Winchester Street Burying Ground (Newton MRA) 2. Location street & number Winchester Street N/A not for publication city or town _ Newton N/A _ vicinity state_ Massachusetts _code_MA county Middlesex code 017zip code_02461 3.

State/Federal Agency Certification As, the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1986, as amended, I hereby certify that this nomination request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion the property meets - does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant - nationally - statewide ocally.

([See continuation sheet for additional comments.) feetay Fredleerg, hationel Register Auech pao 10/12/04 Massachusetts Historical Commission, State Historic Preservation Officer In my opinion the property meets [ does not meet the National Register Criteria.([See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature of certifying official/Title Date State or Federal Agency and bureau Date 4. National Park Service Certification 1, hereby certify that this property is: rentered in the National Register - see continuation sheet - determined eligible for the National Register - see continuation sheet - determined not eligible for the National Register - removed from the National Register Bonaturegr ine Keper Edsor Beall Date of Action 11/27/04 - other (explain): South Burying Ground Name of Property 3.

Classification Ownership of Property _private X public-local -public-State public-Federal Category of Property building(s) district site structure object Name of related multiple property listing (enter N/A if property is not part of a multiple property listing) Newton MA (MRA), 1986 6. Function or Use Historic Functions Funerary: Cemetery 7. Description Architectural Classification Narrative Description See continuation sheets. Middlesex County, Massachusetts County and State Number of Resources within Property Contributing Non contributing buildings sites structures objects Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register N/A Current Functions Funerary: Cemetery Materials Granite, Marble, Slate NPS Form 10-900-a United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 Newton MRA South Burying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA Section number 1 _Page 1 7. NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION South Burying Ground, the third burial place established in Newton, is a small municipal cemetery that retains strong historical associations and distinctive burial markers associated with residents of the Upper Falls and Oak Hill neighborhoods. There are 357 recorded burials that occurred here between 1803 and 1938, primarily in the first part of the 19" century. These are represented by approximately 165 standing headstones, six small monuments, and nine tombs. The city of Newton lies immediately to the west of Boston and Brookline. The Charles River forms the municipal boundary on the north, west and south. Newton is unusually decentralized for an eastern Massachusetts community, consisting of 12 villages, each with its own distinct identity.

The varied topography, composed of glacial outwash with seven glacial drumlins and low swampy areas, adds to the physical diversity of the community. While Newton was settled in the 17* century, its present character was largely shaped by 19" and 20" century development. South Burying Ground is a rectangular 1.37-acre site that lies in the southwestern part of Newton near the intersection of Winchester and Needham Streets, between the villages of Newton Upper Falls and Newton Highlands. It is a few hundred yards south of Boylston Street (Route 9), a major east/west regional route. Winchester Street, which abuts the burying ground on the east, is a busy two-lane street that is occupied primarily by late 20# century commercial, industrial and office buildings, including a large lumberyard that abuts the burying ground on the south and west.

The MBTA mass transit tracks run a short distance to the west. The most prominent topographic features of the burying ground are two knolls, one on either side of the main entrance. The south knoll, with the tombs located along its western edge, occupies most of the southeast quadrant of the cemetery. It is the highest point in the burying ground, rising about 12' above the surrounding landscape, which is relatively level. The east-facing slope, which abuts Winchester Street, is extremely steep while the other sides slope more gradually. The north knoll is both smaller and lower, rising only about 5' above the adjacent areas, with gentle slopes. A dry-laid fieldstone retaining wall (NR #1) marks the east (Winchester Street) boundary of the burying ground and portions of the north and south boundaries as well.

It is approximately 24" tall, is composed primarily of local puddingstone and was probably built in the 19* century. There is a break (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Newton MRA South Burying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA Section number_7 _Page 2 in the wall near the center for the entrance to the burying ground, which is marked by dressed granite posts approximately 3'tall. A 6-8' tall chain link fence surrounds the entire burying ground, which is secured by a 6' tall double-leaf chain link gate. Along Winchester Street it is set on top of the stone wall. The Winchester Street gate, which is the sole access point, is kept locked except for maintenance or special requests.

There is no paved circulation system, but the 1901 map of the burying ground (copy attached) shows a system of narrow rectilinear roads and paths that create and define the spatial organization. These are turf and rarely used, but their pattern is still partially visible on the ground, defined in part by a partial row of ash trees. A second entrance, shown on the map at the southern end of burying ground, is no longer in use. Vegetation consists of scattered mature trees, mostly ash and maple, some evergreen trees (pine and cedar), and a few shrubs (lilac and arborvitae). The ashes are generally in decline and there has already been some loss of limbs. There is also extensive volunteer growth that is impacting gravestones, particularly along the west wall of the burying ground, with fallen limbs and low branching pines obscuring some headstones.

Vegetation contributes significantly to the character of the site but also represents a potential hazard to the burial markers, particularly if it is not pruned regularly. The rectilinear spatial organization of South Burying Ground reflects the transitional style of the early 19"' century. It consists of a combination of single graves and family lots running north/south. The mounded eastern section of the burial ground contains primarily single graves, arranged in rough rows, as well as tombs. The level middle section contains the largest number of family lots, interspersed with some single graves, especially at the southern end. Narrow strips of land at the western and northern edges of the burying ground, which were added in 1833, contain primarily single graves with a few family lots.

The spatial organization is most clearly evident on the 1901 map, which shows all recorded burials, including those not marked by headstones, monuments, or corner posts. Today the spatial organization is less clear because there is no visible evidence of many of the graves. Most of the headstones face west away from Winchester Street. There are 27 family lots shown on the 1901 map, some of which are still marked by low granite corner posts. There are also nine mound tombs (NR #2), all located in the southeast quadrant of the burying ground. Eight of these (A-H) are attached tombs with brick facing on their west façade, with the brick partially collapsed in some sections and in need of repair. A single tomb is located on top of the knoll behind Tomb C. (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Newton MRA South Burying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA Section number _1 . Page 3 The 1901 map shows approximately 244 headstones, 150 footstones, and 6 monuments. Today there are approximately 165 standing headstones and six monuments. There are also at least a dozen fallen and partially buried headstones and numerous fragments throughout the burying ground. It is difficult to get an accurate count of footstones because many are no longer upright and lie buried in the ground. The various types of burial markers display a range of styles that were popular during the 19* century and clearly illustrate evolving funerary styles during this period. Approximately 55 of the headstones are slate, which is primarily dark gray.

Most of these are of relatively modest size and fairly simple with little decorative carving. The willow and urn motif popular during the mid-19* century is fairly well represented at South Burying Ground. The earlier slate headstones, located primarily in the southeastern quadrant of the burying ground, have a rounded tympanum on a shouldered main block. There are also a number of rectangular slate headstones and some with a pointed Gothic-arch tympanum on a shouldered main block. The Gothic arched headstones are an unusual form that is also found at Newton's two other early burying grounds. There are also 110 upright marble headstones that vary in size and style. Most are fairly simple and are 3-4' tall, except for those of children, which are typically smaller. Many are surprisingly clean but also eroded with most of the original design softened by years of weathering.

A few retain some of their original detail. There is one small marble pillar about 4' tall commemorating Charlotte and Leonard Hurd. There are also five marble obelisks, which vary in size from 4' to 8' tall and typically commemorate multiple family members. The largest is the Boyden monument, prominently located near the northern edge of the burying ground. Most are mounted on a separate base and pedestal, reflecting the popularity of using prefabricated component parts to create a distinctive monument. There are also a few miscellaneous graves and burial markers. One grave in the northeastern section of the burying ground is slightly raised above the surrounding area and is enclosed by curbing. There is one polished black granite monument which commemorates members of the Esty family and another small granite stone, probably a replacement for an earlier stone.

Several stones were identified during a 1990 inventory as being signed by their makers. They include: Stanton Farnu(m) (#1125); E. W. Houghton, Harvard (#332/333, #381, #659/660); Jepson, Newton Corner (#174, #1) (whose work is also represented at East and West Parish Burying Grounds); A. H. Lord, Dedham (#282); and Runnels, Waltham (#131, #1499). (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Newton MRA South Burying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA Section number_7 Page 4 The earliest burial at South Burying Ground was Enoch Davenport (d. 1803); the most recent was Samuel Bacon (d. 1938). The family best represented at South Burying Ground is the Halls with 16 family members.

Other family names include Alden, Bacon, Barney, Bixby, Boyden, Cheney, Davenport, Everett, Fogg, Giles, Hurd, Pettee, Rand, Richardson, Scott, Stone, Taylor, and Wiswall, each with between six and nine family members buried here. The unusually high rate of infant mortality is evident throughout the burying ground. Of the 357 recorded burials, 77or 22% were under five years old. Henry and Sally Boyden were particularly hard hit, losing five children under the age of five. Childbirth and motherhood also seemed to be hazardous, with mothers frequently dying around the same time as their children. On the other hand, many of those who survived lived remarkably long lives. There are 24 people who lived into their 80s, four who lived into their 90s, and Fannie Winchester Fogg (d. 1932) lived to be 100 years, 11 months and 1 day old.

Names of those buried here are almost entirely of Anglo Saxon origin. Epitaphs indicate that several people came from England. Members of the community also served in the military. Revolutionary War veterans included: General Ebenezer Cheney (d.1853); Captain Thomas Pettee (d. 1822); Captain Jeremiah Wiswall (no dates); Lieutenant Solomon Richards (d. 1845); Lieutenant Samuel Richardson (no dates); Jonathan Bixby (d.1835); Samuel Hall (d. 1828); Elisha and Thaddeus Hyde (no dates); Benjamin Parker (d. 1836); and Aaron Richards (d. 1823). Many of these men were buried in the tombs, which are still marked by veterans markers and American flags. There are also two veterans of the Civil War buried at South Burying Ground: Sgt. C. S. Brown (no dates) and C.H. Duvall (no dates). The burying ground has become overgrown with dead limbs and invasive vegetation posing a threat to burial markers.

There are approximately 244 headstones shown on the 1901 plan. Only about 165 headstones remain, a loss of one third of the headstones over the past century. The loss of footstones is even greater. A 1990 master plan identified 112 stones as being in need of repair. Many of these have been lying on the ground for more than a decade and have suffered additional damage in the intervening years. Other stones have been damaged since that time. (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Newton MRA South Burying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA Section number_7 .Page 5 Archaeological Description While no ancient Native American sites are recorded in the burying ground, sites may be present. Three sites are recorded in the general area (within one mile).

Environmental characteristics of the property indicate some locational criteria (slope, soil drainage, proximity to wetlands) that are favorable for the presence of Native American sites. Undisturbed soils are well drained and found on level to moderately sloping topography. Two knolls, the most prominent topographic features on the property and frequently favored for site locations, are also found in the burial ground. The nominated property is, however, located over 1,000 feet from the nearest wetlands. South Meadow Brook is located south of the burial ground. The town of Newton lies entirely within the Charles River drainage.

Given the above information, the small size of the burial ground (1.37 acres), and the presence of 357 recorded burials, a low to moderate potential exists for locating significant ancient Native American resources at the South Burial Ground A high potential exists for the recovery of historic archaeological resources at the South Burying Ground. Additional documentary research combined with archaeological survey and testing may locate evidence of walls, post holes, and other boundary markers within and around the burying ground area. Similar research may also locate structural evidence of outbuildings, unmarked graves and funerary related artifacts. Unmarked graves may represent the most common historic archaeological resource at the burying ground.

Unmarked graves may result from burials with lost or misplaced markers, biodegradable markers, and the intentionally unmarked graves of slaves, unknown persons, paupers, other indigent persons, and body parts. Unmarked graves may contain stratigraphic evidence of a burial shaft, a casket, skeletal remains, and artifacts. Some graves may contain multiple sets of remains, partial remains, or no remains at all. The latter two examples can refer to graves that have been partially or completely removed or reburied - END - South Burying Ground Name of Property Middlesex County, Massachusetts County and State 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Applicable National Register Criteria X A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. _B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. X C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or that represent the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction.

- D Property has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history, Criteria Considerations (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply) N/A Property is: A owned by religious institution or used for religious purposes - B removed from its original location _ C a birthplace or grave X D a cemetery _E a reconstructed building, object, or structure - F a commemorative property G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50years Narrative Statement of Significance See continuation sheets 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographic References See continuation sheets Previous documentation on file (NPS) - preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) has been requested - previously listed in the National Register previously determined eligible by the National Register designated a National Historic Landmark recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey # Areas of Significance Art Social History Community Planning and Development Period of Significance 1802 - 1938 Significant Dates 1833 burying ground transferred to town Significant Person Cultural Affiliation Architects/Builders Farnu(m), Stanton Houghton, E. W. (Harvard, MA) Jepson (Newton Corner, MA) Lord, A. H.

(Dedham, MA) Runnels (Waltham, MA) Primary location of additional data State Historic Preservation Office - Other State agency Federal Agency Local Government University x Other Name of Repository: Jackson Homestead, Newton NPS Form 10-900-a United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Newton MRA South Burying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA Section number 8 Page 1 8. NARRATIVE STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE South Burying Ground is a historically significant property located on Winchester Street in the southwestern part of Newton. The site possesses integrity of location, design, materials, workmanship, feeling and association, and meets National Register Criteria A and C on the local level with a period of significance extending from 1802 to 1938.

South Burying Ground meets Criterion A due to its strong association with the history of Newton, particularly the early expansion of the community and the development of the Upper Falls neighborhood. It was the third burying ground established in Newton and the first that was not associated with a specific parish. It contains the graves of approximately 357 of the town's early citizens, including 11 Revolutionary War veterans, and two Civil War veterans. One of the town's early surviving cultural resources, it is a constant element around which the surrounding neighborhoods have developed. South Burying Ground meets Criterion C as an early 19* century New England burial ground that illustrates evolving ideas of death and commemoration. The spatial organization reflects the transition from single graves to family lots.

About 55 of the approximately 165 headstones are of dark gray slate and some have an unusual Gothic-arched tympanum, which is also found at Newton's other two early burying grounds. The roughly 110 marble headstones represent a variety of forms and motifs. Most of the headstones are fairly modest in size and ornamentation, and many of the marbles have become eroded over time. The six small monuments (one pillar and five obelisks) serve as focal points in the landscape and reflect the transition from individual headstones to monuments commemorating multiple family members. Some of the headstones have been attributed to carvers such as: Stanton Farnu(m); E. W. Houghton of Harvard; Jepson of Newton Corner; A. H. Lord of Dedham; and Runnels of Waltham.

South Burying Ground meets Criteria Exception D because it contains graves of persons of importance to the early settlement and development of Newton, as well as its age, its spatial organization and the variety of burial markers. Newton, formerly a part of Cambridge and Watertown, was settled by 1660 when the community's first burying ground, known as the East Parish Burial Ground (NR IND 01/23/1983), was established near the meeting house at the corner of present day Centre and Cotton Streets. Newton became a separate town in 1688 and a city in 1873. (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 Newton MRA South Burying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA Section number 8 _ Page 2 Upper Falls, located along the Charles River, was the site of a sawmill established in 1688 by John Clark. Newton remained a sparsely population area through the 18" century, with five small villages and dispersed agricultural settlement in outlying areas. In the early 19" century Newton began to assume its distinctive village form, with industrial nodes at Upper and Lower Falls, and civic functions at Newton Center. Construction of the Worcester Turnpike, now known as Boylston Street or Route 9, in 1808 provided the first convenient east/west access through the southern part of Newton, facilitating industrial development at Upper Falls. In June 1802, residents of Upper Falls and nearby Oak Hill met to establish a neighborhood burying ground.

Edward Mitchell, Ebenezer Cheney, and Jeremiah Wiswall were appointed to purchase the land. They acquired a lot at the corner of the Dedham and Sherborn roads consisting of about 3/4 acre from Captain David Richardson. The new burying ground was divided into 29 family lots for the original proprietors. Tombs A-H were built in 1806 and many of the Revolutionary war veterans are buried in them. In 1833 the proprietors sold the burying ground to the town but reserved the right to bury in their respective family lots. About the same time Amasa Winchester gave the town an additional 3/4 acre for the purpose of enlarging the burying ground. This was a strip about 60' wide on the west side and 20' wide on the north. The 1831 map of Newton shows a small village at Upper Falls, with scattered development in outlying areas.

The burying ground is located nearly a mile east of the village and a short distance south of the Worcester Turnpike. By 1848 the village of Upper Falls had expanded considerably but the road system was much the same and outlying areas remained sparsely settled. Construction of the Charles River Railroad (later the Hartford and Erie and now the MBTA Riverside line), which opened in 1852 to haul soil for the filling of Boston's Back Bay, brought changes to the neighborhood including a greatly expanded road system and many more houses. South Burying Ground was transferred to the municipality in 1833, but continued to be used primarily by residents of the Upper Falls and Newton Highlands neighborhoods. In 1855 Newton Cemetery, a large cemetery in the rural cemetery style, was established, effectively ending use of the older burying grounds.

Although there were a few more interments, South Burying Ground was no longer considered active. The last burial, that of Samuel Bacon, occurred in 1938. Historian Francis Smith, writing about the burying ground in 1880, described it as "beautifully shaded with evergreens." (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Newton MRA South Burying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA Section number 8 Page 3 The 1901 map of the burying ground (copy attached), drawn by the Office of the Newton Street Commissioner, is an unusually thorough plan showing lots, graves, headstones, footstones, roads, paths and plantings.

This very detailed record provides an important look at what existed at that point in time and contains information about unmarked graves that is not readily apparent on the ground. Also noteworthy is the row of evenly spaced trees planted along the center of the burying ground, only remnants of which still exist. These may have been part of a late 19"h century beautification effort undertaken by the city. There is also evidence of a few scattered volunteer trees and one lot at the north end which is enclosed by a hedge. The circulation system within the burying ground shows a narrow road running through the center with entrances near the center and at the southern end. There is also a path system that runs near the northern and western edge providing access to the newer sections of the burying ground.

South Burying Ground remains an important cultural resource for the Upper Falls neighborhood and for the city as a whole. The careful burial records, which have been transcribed and are posted on the internet, as well as the 1901 map, provide unusually thorough documentation regarding genealogy and the appearance of the burying ground. Despite deterioration of headstones, footstones, monuments and tombs, the burying ground evokes its past and provides a unique historical record of the early years of the neighborhood. Recent efforts to preserve and maintain Newton's older burial grounds began with a 1990 Master Plan that documented existing conditions and identified key preservation issues.

In 2002 Newton received funds from the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management's Historic Landscape Preservation Grant Program to update the master plan and to prepare this National Register nomination. Archaeological Significance Since patterns of ancient Native American settlement in Newton are poorly understood, any surviving sites could be significant. Native American sites in the burying ground area may contribute important information that helps to define the role of interior sites within the overall Native American settlement of the Boston and Charles River Basins. Sites in this area may contain information that documents the importance of interior wooded upland areas to regional settlement and subsistence patterns that appear to focus on floodplain areas of major drainages.

Site inventories and the efforts of local collectors have traditionally been biased in favor of the latter areas. (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 Newton MRA South Burying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA Section number 8 Page 4 Historic archaeological resources described above may contribute important information that identifies its earliest use and patterns of development from a neighborhood burying ground to municipally-owned cemetery during the 19" and 20" centuries.

Additional documentary research combined with archaeological survey, testing, and careful mapping may locate post-hole patterns, remnants of walls and other boundary markers that can help define accurate boundaries for the burying ground and its internal subdivisions based on race, ethnicity, religion, socio-economic status, or other social/cultural criteria. Similar research methodologies may also locate approximately 200 or more unmarked graves known to exist in the burying ground. At least 357 burials are recorded in the burying ground while only 165 standing headstones, 6 monuments and 9 tombs remain. Most burials date to the first part of the 19" century. In 1901, a plan of the burying ground shows approximately 244 headstones among which only 165 remain.

Archaeological testing and documentary research may identify which unmarked graves are the result of lost or removed headstones or were intentionally unmarked. Some burials, especially those of slaves, unknown persons, paupers, other indigent persons and body parts may not have been marked or documented. As a result, unmarked burials may add significant numbers to the total number of individuals buried in the burial ground. Much of the above information could add important social/cultural information to the communities evolving ideas about death and commemoration. The identification of unmarked graves may also add important information that helps define the overall boundaries of the burial ground and its internal subdivisions based on kinship, race, ethnicity, religion and socio-economic status.

The detailed archaeological and osteological analysis of the contents of marked and unmarked graves may contribute a wealth of information relating to the overall health, physical stature, and pathologies that characterized the Upper Falls and Oak Hill neighborhood populations. Comparative studies with other neighborhood burial grounds in Newton may contribute important information that can be used to characterize Newton's 19" century population as a whole and the role that neighborhoods played in that development. Osteological studies may contribute important information that defines the physical characteristics and pathologies of neighborhood populations based on the social, cultural, and economic characteristics identified above.

Detailed studies of the contents of burials and artifacts found in the burial ground may also help to identify the social, cultural, and economic characteristics of individuals, groups and evolving ideas about death and commemoration. Gravestone fragments, personal items found with individuals and artifacts related to memorial services can help identify the social, cultural, and economic characteristics associated with specific individuals and groups. The same information may also help to identify and understand evolving ideas about death and commemoration in the community. - END - South Burying Ground Name of Property 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property 1.37_ acres UTM References 1.19 Zone 317900 4687200 Easting Northing 2.19 Zone 317900 4687080 Easting Northing Verbal Boundary Description See continuation sheets Boundary Justification See continuation sheets 3.

19 Zone 4.19 Zone Middlesex County, Massachusetts County and State Easting Northing Easting Northing 11. Form Prepared By name/title _Shary Page Berg, preservation consultant, with Betsy Friedberg, NR Director, MHC organization Massachusetts Historical Commission date October, 2004 street & number 220 Morrissey Boulevard telephone_617-727-8470 city or town Boston state MA zip code 02125 Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: Continuation Sheets A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. A sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Photographs Representative black and white photographs of the property.

Additional Items (check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) Property Owner nameCity of Newton street and number 1000 Commonwealth Avenue telephone 617-796-1129 city or town Newton state MA zip code_02459 NPS Form 10-900-a United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 South Buying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA Section number 9-10 Page 1 9. BIBLIOGRAPHY Abele, Susan. Jackson Homestead. Personal communication, June 2003. Fleischman, Thelma. Newton Historical Society. Personal communication, June 2003. Jenkins, Candace et al. "Historic Resources of the City of Newton, Massachusetts, Partial Inventory, Architectural Resources, 1636 - 1907." (National Register Nomination for Newton Multiple Resource Area.) Newton, MA: Newton Historical Commission, 1986. Newcomb, Kenneth W.

"Makers of the Mold, a History of Newton Upper Falls, Massachusetts." Unpublished manuscript on file at Newton Historical Commission, 1999. Pressley, William & Associates. Master Plan for the Newton Burying Grounds. Newton, MA: Newton Historical Commission, 1990. Sloane, David Charles. The Last Great Necessity: Cemeteries in American History. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991. Smith, Samuel Francis. History of Newton, Massachusetts, 1630-1880. Boston: The American Logotype Company, 1880. http://www.interment.net/data/us/ma/middlesex/winchesterstreet.htm (list of interments) Maps 1794. "A Plan of the Township of Newton .. ." Jonathan Kingsbury (1905 copy by E. H. Harvey at Jackson Homestead) 1831. "Map of the Town of Newton, Mass." E.E. Woodward and W. F. Ward. (at Jackson Homestead) 1848. "Map of the Town of Newton." E.E. Woodward and W. F. Ward.

(at Jackson Homestead) 1855. "Map of the Town of Newton." H.F. Walling. (at Jackson Homestead) 1901. [Plan of Winchester Street Cemetery]. Newton, MA: Office of Street Commissioner. NPS Form 10-900-a United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB Approval No. 1024-0018 South Buying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA Section number 9-10 . Page 2 10. GEOGRAPHICAL DATA Verbal Boundary Description South Burying Ground lies between the Upper Falls and Newton Highlands neighborhoods of Newton, Massachusetts. It is bounded on the east by Winchester Street and on the north, west and south by rivate property.

The city-owned cemetery consists of a single 1.37 acre parcel (51-28-29) tha orresponds with the proposed National Register boundar Boundary Justification The boundary encompasses a single parcel that includes the entire burial ground developed between 1802 and 1938. (end) LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS NR Photo # Location/Description 2 4 Date View south along Winchester Street showing front wall of burying ground. Entrance is at far left. View looking south from center of burying ground with front of tombs at far right. 4/2003 4/2003 View looking northeast from near center of burying ground. 4/2003 View looking west toward tombs, which have partially collapsed. 4/2003 Photo by Shary Page Berg Shary Page Berg Shary Page Berg Shary Page Berg NPS Form 10-900-a United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet OMB Approval No.

1024-0018 South Buying Ground Newton, Middlesex County, MA ewton Faits Canningham Rii? - TüsIrall AUcr. rhooH. IMeetiné! SchoolE ¡FA I IL S Pettiv "petle. Chattina to resteltingtnonee 80 Gcoanough Winchester. -Wittiams Buryin8 Ground Iurpik Parke". stone StITE -stone Detail of 1831 map with burying ground near center and Upper Falls at left Ja Stone Turnpike /0g T.Rondall.- setai. - Slem IStm- JAToaate- Detail of 1855 map with burying ground near center and Upper Falls at left bourth Buron, Grolese NGiunal Register Notination District Data Sheets 6/27/2003 Architect (Contractor/Builder) Style NR Map # [Photo MHC|Feature Name # 1 2 1 4 South Burying Ground Fieldstone Wall Tombs Constr. Date 1802 19' century N/A 1806 (tombs A-H) N/A Listings include representative major elements of the Burying Ground.

CB NC B CSt NC St CSi 1 NC N/A N/A 9 Resource Count Contributing Noncontributin Total g 10 - 11 - 10 buildings sites structures objects TOTAL Estimated Acreage Assessors Map #s 60,018 sq. ft.

or 1.37 acres Map 128 NW, parcel 51-28-29 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET REQUESTED ACTION: NOMINATION PROPERTY South Burying Ground NAME: MULTIPLE Newton MRA NAME: STATE & COUNTY: MASSACHUSETTS, Middlesex DATE RECEIVED: 10/14/04 DATE OF 16TH DAY: 12/04/04 DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: DATE OF PENDING LIST: 11/19/04 DATE OF 45TH DAY: 11/27/04 REFERENCE NUMBER: 04001256 REASONS FOR REVIEW: APPEAL: N DATA PROBLEM: N LANDSCAPE: N REQUEST: N SAMPLE: V SLR DRAFT: N COMMENT WAIVER: N VACCEPT RETURN ABSTRACT/SUMMARY COMMENTS: REJECT LESS THAN 50 YEARS: PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: NATIONAL: 11/27/04 DATE Entered in the National Repistes RECOM./CRITERIA REVIEWER - DISCIPLINE TELEPHONE DATE - DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the nomination is no longer under consideration by the NPS.

Southi Burging ground, Newtin, MiddlesexCo, MA Ploto ( ZONA PHOTOC 0009 3 2087**NNN4 07 2(038) y1aval A 2003 South Burjikg ground, Newton, Mrodllesex CS, MA 4|2003 Photo 2- Vlew south from couter of buring ground, tombsatrighit South Burying ground, Nautan Miodlesex Co, MA 4|2003 Photo 3 - Urew lookng NE frm center of bunjing ground. Photo 4 South buryins ground, Newton Moldlosex do, MA dak do ZONA PHOTO< S00 32087** NNN-3072(038JG Kodak Kodak Kodak 2003 City of Newton, Massachusetts Office of the Mayor NFn4 Telephone 230021M2 (67796-1100 Telefax [072t (617) 796-1113 E-mail NASS. HIST. COMfenBrinewron.mas David B. Cohen Mayor September 2, 2004 Betsy Friedberg National Register Director Mass Historical Commission 220 Morrisey Boulevard Boston, MA 02125 RE: National Register Nominations for West Parish and South Burying Grounds, Newton Dear Ms.

Friedberg, On behalf of the City of Newton, I wish to express our enthusiastic support for the nominations of Newton's West Parish and South Burying Grounds to the National Register of Historic Places. These valuable landscapes are some of the City's most unique and important historic resources, and their inclusion on the National Register will help to increase their visibility within our community and to aid in their continued preservation. The research involved in completing these nominations has significantly increased our knowledge of their unique place in Newton's history and has aided in the completion of several grants which will ensure that the sites are restored and preserved for future generations.

The City of Newton has maintained a long-standing commitment to historic preservation and continues to expand its understanding of the historically and architecturally significant resources found throughout our community. The City's first burying ground, East Parish, was added to the National Register in the 1980s, and the present nominations will ensure that all of the City's early burying grounds are recognized for their importance to the history of the City. With this in mind, I am pleased to support the Newton Historical Commission's nominations of the West Parish and South Burying Grounds to the National Register of Historic Places and hope that the Massachusetts Historical Commission will do the same. Sincerely, Dan. af David B.

Cohen, Mayor 1000 Commonwealth Avenue .lewton, Massachusetts 02÷59 www.ci.newton.ma.us * DEDICATED TO COMMUNITY EXCELLENCE RECEIVEN COND PETT CRACIDA ANE LERIATO CFTE NAT RE The Commonwealth of Massachusetts William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth Massachusetts Historical Commission October 14, 2004 Ms. Carol Shull National Register of Historic Places Department of the Interior National Park Service 1201 Eye Street, NW 8th floor Washington, DC 20005 Dear Ms. Shull: Enclosed please find the following nomination form: South Burying Ground, Winchester Street, Newton (Middlesex), MA Newton MRA The nomination has been voted eligible by the State Review Board and has been signed by the State Historic Preservation Officer.

The owners of the property in the Certified Local Government community of Newton were notified of pending State Review Board consideration 60 to 90 days before the meeting and were afforded the opportunity to comment. One letter of support has been received. Sincerely, Betey tredherg Betsy Friedbers National Register Director Massachusetts Historical Commission enclosure CC: Shary Page Berg, consultant Lara Kritzer, Newton CLG coordinator David Cohen, Mayor, City of Newton David Olson, Newton History Museum Michael Kruse, Planning and Development Director John Rodman, Newton Historical Commission Fran Towle, Newton Parks & Recreation Commissioner 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 (617) 727-8470 - Fax: (617) 727-5128 www.state.ma.us/sec/mhc