BlockBefore

Nomination for Russian Cemetery

The case file that argued this property on to the National Register: 6,614 words across 28 pages, filed in 2005. Reproduced in full, word for word.

Source document Held by the National Archives in Record Group 79 as reference 05001324, where it exists only as a scan with no text layer. The words below were read off that scan by machine, so the occasional stray character is the recogniser's and the typewriter's. Nothing is summarised, corrected or written by this site. See the catalogue record, or return to the property.

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

NPS Form 10-900 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 1. Name of Property historic name RUSSIAN CEMETERY other names/site number_ RUSSIAN ORTHODOX NATIONAL BROTHERHOOD CEMETERY 2. Location street & number. PATTEN ROAD -_ not for publication city or town WESTFORD state_MASSACHUSETTS _ code_MA county MIDDLESEX - vicinity _ code_017 _ zip code 01886 3.

State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1986, as amended, I hereby certity that this L nomination Bussa Simon Signature of certifying official/Title Brona Simon Massachusetts Historical Commission, Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer October 11,2005 Date State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property - meets - does not meet the National Register criteria. (- See continuation sheet for additional Comments.) Signature of certifying official/Title Date State orfederal agency and bureau 4. National Park Service Certification 1, hereby certity that this property is: L entered in the National Register - See continuation sheet. - determined eligible for the National Register - See continuation sheet.

- determined not eligible for the National Register - removed from the National Register - other (explain): Vrebien x. Ball 1i50s Russian Cemetery Name of Property 5. Classification Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply) xprivate _public-local _ public-State _ public-Federal Middlesex, MA County and State (Check only one box) _building(s) -district Xsite _ structure _ object Name of related multiple property listing (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) Number of Resources within Property (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) Contributing Noncontributing 1 1 3 11 4 15 5 _building sites _ structures _ objects Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register 6.

Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions) EUNERARY: cemetery Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) FUNERARY: cemetery Z. Description Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions) N/A Materials (Enter categories from instructions) foundation_ walls roof other Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number I Page 1 OMB No. 1024-0018 Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts 7.

NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION Introduction The landscape layout, appearance, and gravestone art of Westford's Russian Cemetery derive from design characteristics of the Early Modern Period with a Russian Orthodox religious influence. These characteristics consist of the flat, utilitarian landscape, and more importantly, the markers that are made primarily of granite, approximately 15 of which have freestanding crosses on top carved from stone. Many others are inscribed with distinctive Russian Orthodox crosses. Land for the cemetery was privately owned until 1918. Being denied access to any further interment in another cemetery, the Russian Brotherhood Cemetery sought a cemetery for their community. The Grodno Co-op, which was formed to support the cultural and social needs of the community, provided the manpower for the Russian Brotherhood Cemetery.

A small number of interments are of immigrant laborers of Polish and other origins. Many of the approximately 300 Westford residents interred here were recruited as teenagers and young adults at their Russian and European villages by traveling company operatives for work in Westford's mill villages. Approximately 50 stones bear death dates between 1918 and 1960. The immigrants influenced the town's history and appearance and continue to do so by virtue of their artfully carved gravestones. The burial ground is located on the north side of Patten Road. Markers are made almost exclusively from grey, pink, and black granite with one cast-concrete example. The earliest markers are from the Early Modern Period and appear in the form of nearly square tablets on a square plinth, occasionally with crosses mounted on top.

Many inscriptions, including those on the earliest and largest markers, are in the Cyrillic alphabet. Other markers have English language inscriptions with simpler stone designs in the form of rectangular tablets that lack the freestanding cross. Grave markers are arranged in rows oriented approximately north to south, with inscriptions typically facing west. Landscape Land comprising the Russian Cemetery belonged in the 19" century to the Blood family and later to the Read family. The flat, nearly square parcel likely used as farmland when obtained by the Russian Brotherhood was wooded but cleared on the weekends by the founding members of the cemetery. Entrance to the cemetery is through two gateways in the stone wall along the Patten Road (south) side. Gateways along the southerly edge are flanked by a pair of stout, low ashlar piers with cast-stone pyramidal caps.

(Photo #2) The three-foot-high stone wall is split granite ashlar with a capstone. Plot-defining features inside the cemetery, such as granite curbs or plot cornerstones, do not exist. Circulation among graves is via a U-shaped asphalt driveway that enters and exits from Patten Road. (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number I Page 2 OMB No. 1024-0018 Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Markers The Russian Cemetery is characterized mainly by its granite tablets, the most ornamental of which are topped by a freestanding Latin cross cut from granite. Ranging in height from three feet to approximately six feet, this ype of marker is articulated in approximately 15 cases with a Cyrillic alphabet inscription.

Those written ir inglish are simple in language and basic in detail. Typical inscriptions have names and dates rendered in: simple style of script. The earliest marker has a square plinth with nearly square black granite tablet on top, which bears the Cyrillic inscription and the death date of 1918. (Photo #1) Ornamentation consists of the freestanding Latin cross inscribed with the letters "IHS." Other markers have the square tablet on the plinth with no freestanding cross. More recent markers are simple rectangular tablets with low arched tops. Two gravestones with Cyrillic inscriptions have been translated into English.

The first, located near the entrance and featured on the right side in Photo #3, reads "Lies a Child of God / Anton Antonovich Pozniak / Province and region of Grodno / Dubnovski District, Village Suhinichi / was born November 5, 1919 / Died November 26, 1928 / Eternal memory of dear son Anton." A second stone, pictured in the center of Photo #1, reads "In memory of dear husband / Semen from Pavlina Bilida / Here lies a peasant / Province and region of Grodno / Dubnovski District, Village Suhinichi / Semen Bilida / Was born May 27, 1897 / Died October 2, 1918 / A son was born February 2, 1919 / Died in the same year February 18 / Eternal memory of dear husband and my son." Examples of grave markers with the freestanding cross include that of George (1887-1946) and Annie (1896- 1991) Butko.

The cross on this grey granite example is inscribed with letters "HIS," which stand for "Jesus" or "In His Service" or "He Is Risen." Matrona (1890-1933) and Andrew (1882-1956) Prowker and their child Antonia (1912-1927) have a grey granite tablet with freestanding cross inscribed in the same way. Some black granite examples exist. Most others are grey and blond in color. A number of markers lack the freestanding Latin Cross but bear the Russian Orthodox Cross as part of the inscription. The Russian Orthodox Cross is unusual because it has three bars instead of the more common single bar seen in the Latin Cross. The top bar is narrower than the others and bears the title board in detailed versions. The middle bar is the widest of the three and is the one on which Christ's hands are nailed.

The bottom bar is not only narrower than the middle but is oriented at an angle to the central stem. This is the bar on which Christ's feet are at rest. Markers in the Westford Russian Cemetery with the Russian Orthodox Cross inscribed in the low arched top of the tablet include the pink granite marker of Matthew Sudak (1896-1951), the grey granite stone of Luke (1893-1974) and Mary (1891-1945) Archinski, the wider, pink granite, arch- topped marker of Peter (1886-1956) and Alexandra (1896-1953) Talanetz, as well as many other similar examples. The Latin Cross also appears as the main ornamental component in the inscription on some stones. (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET OMB No.

1024-0018 Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Section number I Page 3 Military and Commemorative Markers Twentieth-century military markers exist in the Russian Cemetery. A small rectangular bronze marker mounted flush with the ground marks the resting place of Alexander Belida (d. 2001), who served in the U. S. Army/ Air Force as a sergeant in World War II. A granite example of the flush military marker is that of Nicholas Sudak Jr. (1917-1984), who served in World War II as a staff sergeant. The stone is ornamented with a cross inscribed in a circle. Approximately a half-dozen similar examples exist. Gravestone Carvers and Manufacturers Gravestone manufacturers identified their work in some cases by attaching metal tags to markers.

Pre-1960 stones with identifying tags include the 1933 example of Matrona and Antoni Prowker which bears a bronze tag stamped "Lowell Monument Co., manufacturers, Lowell, Mass". Mary and Steve Belida's 1951 stone has a tag stamped "Luz Brothers, 1022 Gorham St., Lowell, Mass." This stone is also etched with the "Barre Guild" seal, signifying the monument as a product of the Barre Granite Association of Barre, Vermont. Locally made markers include that of Demitry and Vera Belida, made in 1960 by the Barretto Monument Company of Groton Road in Westford. Peter and Mary Worobey's 1941 marker was sold by A. G. Lundberg of Westford. This refers to Axel G. Lundberg, Cemetery Commissioner in the 1930s and 1940s, who had a granite shop on Brookside Road. Other stones were purchased from University Monumental Works on Berkshire Street in Cambridge.

Stones from this period appear to be pre-manufactured stones with stock designs created prior to purchase. Existing Conditions Most stones remain in good to excellent condition. Very little vandalism appears to have taken place. The single cast-concrete grave marker has no inscription, and it is impossible to discern whether or not it had one that is now lost. Boundaries of the cemetery are marked by modern chain link fence on the east and west sides with a wire fence supported by stakes on the cleared north or rear edge of that portion. A modern flagpole rises from the northern section. Few changes have occurred in the Russian Cemetery since its inception in 1918.

The large number of remaining markers with Cyrillic alphabet inscriptions and the proximate birth dates of the interred, many of whom arrived during a short span of time in the early 20"* century, make it possible to get a clear sense of local trends in immigration and factory employees' ethnicity in Westford. Modern grave markers often have a plain rectangular or arched rectangular form with polished finish, not seen in earlier stones. This is the only historic cemetery in the town dedicated to a group with particular national affiliation. A Catholic cemetery exists on Pine Ridge Road. (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number I Page 4 OMB No.

1024-0018 Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Archaeological Description While no ancient Native American sites are known on the cemetery property or in the general area (within one nile), sites may be present. Environmental characteristics of the parcel represent locational criteria (slope, so1 Irainage, proximity to wetlands) that are favorable for the presence of ancient sites. The cemetery is located or a well-drained, level to moderately sloping glacial outwash land surface in close proximity to wetlands. Beaver Brook/Forge Pond-related swamplands are located less than 1,000 feet south of the cemetery. The cemetery is located within the Merrimack River drainage.

Given the above information, the size of the cemetery (1.33 acres), and the excavation of more than 300 graves, a moderate to low potential exists for locating significant ancient Native American resources on the property. A moderate potential exists for locating historic archaeological resources in the cemetery. Nineteenth and early 20" century agricultural-related resources may exist in the cemetery area, though none have been identified to date. Unmarked graves and artifacts related to memorial offerings and cemetery maintenance may also exist. (end) Russian Cemetery Name of Property 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property for National Register listing.) XA Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. - B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant in our past. X C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. - D Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Criteria Considerations (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply.) Property is: -A owned by religious institution or used for religious purposes. - B removed from its original location.

_ C a birthplace or grave. XD a cemetery. _ E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. _F a commemorative property. -G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the past 50 years. Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) Middlesex, MA County and State Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions) COMMUNITY PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT ART SOCIAL HISTORY Period of Significance 1918-1955 Significant Dates n/a Significant Person (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) n/a Cultural Affiliation n/a Architect/Builder 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS): Primary location of additional data: - preliminary determination of individual listing (36 x State Historic Preservation Office CFR 67) has been requested - Other State agency - previously listed in the National Register - Federal agency - previously determined eligible by the National x Local government Register - University - designated a National Historic Landmark - Other - recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey Name of repository: #. Westford Historical Commission - recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Section number & Page 1 8. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The Russian Cemetery, Westford, MA, retains integrity of materials, design, location, workmanship, setting, feeling, and association. It is eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places under criteria A and C at the local level, and meets Criteria Consideration D as a cemetery that derives its significance from distinctive features and association with historic events. The cemetery meets criterion A for its association with events in the community that have made a contribution to broad patterns of local history.

The Russian Cemetery has functioned as a place of burial to one of Westford's resident immigrant groups since the early 20t* century. Abbot Worsted company operatives were sent to Belarus and elsewhere in the early 20thh century to recruit young employees. Their success is documented by the Cyrillic inscriptions and Russian names on the stones in the cemetery. Since that time, it has become the final resting place for many of the town's former mill employees. Members of the Brotherhood and their descendants may be buried in the cemetery upon payment of dues and with membership in the Brotherhood. The cemetery is significant under criterion C for its embodiment of the Russian Orthodox influence on the grave markers' designs. Well-preserved granite tablets with ornamental freestanding Latin Crosses and inscribed Russian Orthodox Crosses are present.

Cyrillic language inscriptions exist on approximately 15 markers. Also, due to the unusual nature of the crosses and inscriptions and to the strong association of the cemetery to the development of the town's industrial base and immigrant population, the Russian Cemetery satisfies National Register Criteria Consideration D. The period of significance for the cemetery begins at its establishment in 1918 and extends to 1955. It has been in continuous use. Introduction Westford's Russian Cemetery first came into use in 1918, primarily to accommodate burials of immigrant mill workers from that country. Significant numbers of Russian immigrants began to arrive in Westford during the first decade of the 20** century as the result of recruiting efforts by mill company agents in Belarus, as well as other regions of Europe.

Russian immigrants were primarily from the villages of Dubna and Shushinsky, both of which are forty kilometers from the city of Grodno and are located in the county of Grodno. The city was a train ride away. In the village near the church can be seen the graves of the parents of immigrants, as well as those of siblings. The Russian Brotherhood Cemetery remains in use today, largely by descendants of mill recruits. Some Polish immigrants accompanied the Russians to Westford's mill villages and are interred here as well. The history of Westford's mill villages includes periodic trends in immigration of several ethnic and national groups, starting with the Irish in the 1840s. French Canadians also arrived in large numbers as did residents of Sweden, Italy, Scotland, England, and other nations.

While Catholics of many nationalities did choose to create a cemetery of their own in the town, no other ethnic or national group in Westford has as (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Section number 8 Page 2 important and distinct a resource as the Russian Cemetery to symbolize their history in the town. The cemetery provides information concerning not only names and dates of individuals interred therein, but also contextual documentation of the typical immigrant in terms of age and marital status. The cemetery itself stands as a testament to the solidarity of Westford's Russian immigrant population.

Local Industrial History Westford's settlement was initially carried out in the 17" century by farmers from Chelmsford, the town from which Westford was later formed in 1729. While agriculture was the predominant activity at the time, some small industry such as iron forging also occurred, particularly along the banks of Stony Brook. During the 19th century, the forges were joined by woolen and machinery mills in Forge Village and in Graniteville. Corporate growth necessitated an increased work force, which mill owners sought to achieve by recruiting laborers from mill towns in Europe and Canada. Among those brought to Westford to work the mills were many residents of the Russian Republic of Belarus and the county and city of Grodno.

The immigrants were primarily from the villages of Dubna and Shushinsky, both of which are forty kilometers from the city of Grodno and are located in the county of Grodno. The city was a train ride away. In the village near the church can be seen the graves of the parents of immigrants as well as those of siblings. It is these immigrants and their descendants who occupy the Russian Cemetery. 1918-1960 Ethnicity and national origins of residents of the town underwent changes during the mid-late 19"h century, from a mainly native-born group to one of significant foreign-born population. Residents were almost entirely of English descent until 1850, when census records show the first Canadian and Irish immigrants. In the 1865 state census, approximately 20% of the residents were foreign-born.

By the end of the century the percentage of foreign-born residents was more than half, according to Annual Town Reports. Federal census figures from 1910 confirm the dramatic increase in the number of foreign-born Westford residents around the turn of the century. Groups of nationalities with representatives numbering in the hundreds include Canadians, Russians, Italians, and Irish. Smaller groups were Swedish, Scottish, Austrians, and English. In 1907 Russians begin to appear on lists of Westford residents and in marriage records. In 1912 agents of the Abbot Worsted Company traveled to the Russian region of Belarus and the county of Grodno with its villages and the city of Grodno in order to recruit additional laborers with the promise of steady work, good housing and prepaid travel expenses.

The agents' success and a sudden increase in Russian residents is reflected in census information and is confirmed in reminiscences of former Abbot Worsted employees. Census information reveals that Russians were most likely to be listed as woolen mill employees, as opposed to Italians in Westford, who were most commonly described simply as laborers. Every resident in the 1920-1921 resident directory with a Russian surname was employed by either the Abbot or the Sargent mills in (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Section number 8 Page 3 Forge Village or Graniteville, although it is suggested by current residents that some members of the group also worked in stone quarries in the north part of town. The Abbot Worsted Company manufactured woolen yarns in Forge Village and Graniteville (NRDIS 5/2/02, NRDIS 1/17/02) with machinery made in Graniteville by the C. G. Sargent & Sons machinery manufacturing company. Based on gravestone inscriptions, it is apparent that the immigrants were between 16 and 31 years of age at the time of embarkation to America. Grodno is located in northwest Belarus, bordered on the north by Lithuania and on the west by Poland.

The population was largely Byelorussian, Lithuanian, and Polish, some of whom immigrated along with their Russian neighbors. Industrial products in Grodno were diverse and included textiles. According to a Grodno municipal website, there were in 1897 more than 100 residents involved in manufacture of textile fabrics, a factor that may have influenced the Westford mill company agents' selection of the region for labor recruits. Since working conditions in the Russian factories were distasteful and included long hours and poor pay, Abbot Company employees achieved success in their efforts to swell the ranks of mill hands in Westford's modern, well-managed facilities. The Abbot Worsted Company also mounted successful efforts to entice Canadian emigrants from Trois Rivieres in Quebec and English workers from the city of Keighley in Yorkshire.

Russian Cemetery occupants appear to have been married before they arrived in America or to have married fellow immigrants judging by the ethnic tone of the given names of many couples in the Russian Cemetery. It is noteworthy that nearly all were married one time. Residents whose spouses died earlier than themselves tended not to remarry, unlike members of many other groups. One of the many benefits for immigrants was the availability of English-language classes held in the Abbot Worsted Company-built social halls, two of which were located in Graniteville on Cross Street and on North Main Street. Other company social halls were in Forge Village on Bradford Street and in the Brookside Village (NRDIS 1/23/03) on Brookside Road.

Immigrants occupied the rented single and multiple dwelling houses in mill neighborhoods in increasing numbers until the mid 20" century when the wool industry in New England entered decline. During that time, residential subdivisions had been built on Abbot, Palermo, Orchard, Pine, Lincoln, Elm, Smith and Pershing Streets in Forge Village and River, First, Second, Third and Fourth Streets in Graniteville, among others. All these residential streets were home to Russian mill employees.

Russian immigrants who are buried in the cemetery and whose names can be matched to residents on voting lists and resident directories from the 1920s and 1930s include Forge Village residents Peter Britko (1894-1977) and his wife Alexandria (1894-1957), at 7 Canal Street from 1924-1928; Peter Talanetz (1886-1956) and his wife Alexandra (1896-1953) at 8 Canal Street in 1924 and 6 Palermo Street in 1928; Peter Worobey (1891- 1991) and his wife Mary (1893-1941), at 2 Canal Street in 1920-1928; Michael (also Mika) Salaliko (1881- 1956) and his wife Marcella (1885-1934), at 6 Canal Street in 1924; Stephen Harachko (also Harachka, 1884- 1976) and his wife Dominika (1890-1969), at 21 Chestnut Street in 1924 and 25 Chestnut Street in 1928; Jacob (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service OMB No.

1024-0018 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Section number 8 Page 4 Tereshko (1896-1987) and his wife Axzenia (1893-1965), at 15 Oak Street in 1924 and 1928. Wasil Beskalo (1890-1969) and his wife Fedora (1895-1980) lived in Graniteville at 17 First Street from 1921 to 1928. There are no confirmed paupers, unknown persons, or plots for the indigent in the Russian Cemetery. Conclusion The Russian Cemetery evokes the heritage and cemetery design practices of a major group of immigrants to the town. The Russian immigrants' group history can be related by observing the gravestones with their proximate birth dates and names that are unusual compared to those of English descent in other cemeteries in the town.

The unusual appearance of the gravestones with the freestanding crosses on top combined with the Cyrillic letters, altogether unusual in Westford, further distinguish the cemetery from others in the town. These differences are a reflection of part of the broad spectrum of the community's history and culture. Survival of the cemetery is the most significant reminder of this important element of local culture. Archaeological Significance Since patterns of ancient Native American settlement in Westford are poorly understood, any surviving sites could be significant. Although numerous ancient sites have been identified for the neighboring Concord, Sudbury and Assabet River drainages, fewer sites have been recorded in the Beaver Brook and Stony Brook drainages, possibly reflecting underreporting in this area or environmental differences in the drainages.

Ancient Native American sites in the cemetery may contain information that identifies the range of functional and temporal variability between sites in the Beaver Brook and Stony Brook drainage and their relationship to Native settlements along the main corridor of the Merrimack River. Information may also be present that clarifies the relationship and regional importance of sites and resources along the Beaver Brook drainage to other tributaries of the Merrimack River such as the Concord, Sudbury, and Assabet River drainages. Ancient sites in the cemetery and Beaver Brook drainage may represent a seasonal /functional aspect of a settlement system that focuses on larger sites along the Merrimack River drainage and other tributaries listed above.

Sites in this area can also contain evidence of exchange between more interior portions of the Merrimack River drainage and downstream coastal areas. Historic archaeological resources in the cemetery locale may contribute information related to the general agricultural landuse of this area in the 19" and early 20" centuries. Specific activities have yet to be identified; however, the area was known to be farmland during that period. Identification and mapping of unmarked graves after 1918 may help to accurately define the cemetery boundaries and patterning of grave excavations. Identification and mapping of artifact distributions may help identify social, cultural, and economic aspects of (continued) NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) OMB No.

1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Section number & Page 5 the Russian immigrant community and memorial activities associated with individual and groups of graves. Artifact distributions may also contribute information relating to maintenance activities that occurred in the cemetery. (end) NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Section number 9 Page 1 9. BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbot Worsted Company Handbook. Westford, MA: Published by the Abbot Worsted Company, 1950. Cemetery Records, 1835-1950. Levi Snow, Samuel M. Hutchins, A. P. Richardson, et al.

Available at the office of the superintendent, Fairview Cemetery. Chase, Theodore and Laurel K. Gabel. Gravestone Chronicles. Two Volumes. Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1997 Jackson, Kenneth T. and Camilio Jose Vergara. Silent Cities. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1989. Meek, Henry. Ihe Lowell Suburban Directory. Salem, MA: 1896, 1910-11, 1920-21, 1930-31. Town Records. Annual Town Reports, 1840-1995; Voting Lists, 1920, 1924, 1928 Communication with Pat Beskalo Walsh, Russian Brotherhood Cemetery, 1/6/05 (end) Russian Cemetery Name of Property Middlesex, MA County and State 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property 1.33 acres UTM References See continuation sheet. (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) 120ng 297180 Easting 4716700 Northing *Zone Easting Northing 3. Zone 4.

Zone Easting Northing Easting - See continuation sheet Northing Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet.) Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected on a continuation sheet.) 11. Form Prepared By name/title Sanford Johnson, Consultant, with Betsy Friedberg, NR Director, MHC organizationMassachusetts Historical Commission date September 2005 street & number220 Morrissey Boulevard telephone617-727-8470 city or town. Boston _ state_MA _ zip code_02125 Additional Documentation Submit the following items with the completed form: Continuation Sheets Maps A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. A sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Photographs Representative black and white photographs of the property.

Additional items (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items) Property Owner (Complete thisitem atthe request of the SHPO or FPO.) name _Russian Cemetery Association c/o Patricia Beskalo Walsh street & number. 37-G Hollis Street _ telephone city or town Pepperell _state_MA _ zip code 01463 Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.).

Estimated Burden Statement:Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 18.1hours per response including the time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Chief,Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.0. Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503.NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Section number 10 Page 1 10.

GEOGRAPHICAL DATA Verbal Boundary Description: The Russian Cemetery comprises all of the land within the boundaries of the cemetery. It is bounded by Patten Road on the south. The cemetery encompasses approximately 3 acres according to the Russian Brotherhood Cemetery but is described by the assessor's office as 1.33 acres marked as parcel 27 on map 54. Boundary Justification: Boundaries of the cemetery were determined by the Westford Historical Commission and by the consultant. Boundaries include all gravestones, structures and circulation paths. Stone walls encircle the cemetery and mark all boundaries. (end) PHOTOGRAPHS Photographer: Sanford Johnson Date: September, 2002 Negatives on file with Westford Historical Commission 1. Semen Bilida marker, view to N 2. Entrance gates, view to N 3.

Anton Antonovich Pozniak marker, view to E NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 10 Page 2 SKETCH MAP RUSSINN CEMEIERY Middlezex Curnty Westfrd, MA O = Resource Number 1= Phots Nunber OMB No. 1024-0018 Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts NORTH TOWARD TOP 18 North (7 DB8 3 20K PATTEN ROND NPS Form 10-900-a (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section number 10 Page 3 SKETCH MAP OMB No.

1024-0018 Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts NORTH TOWARD TOP Rumbing St: ORGE LAGE IWAY GLEMO23 Robinse Sch Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Data Sheet Map # Name Resource Tvpe 1 Russian Cemetery Cemetery 2 Wall Stone walls 3 Gateways 4 Circulation Path Stone gate piers Asphalt path 5 Russian Alphabet Marker Gravestone 6 Russian Alphabet Marker Gravestone 7 Matrona and Andrew Prowker Gravestone Marker 8 Worobey Marker Gravestone 9 Luke and Mary Archinski Gravestone Marker 10 George and Annie Butko Gravestone Marker 11 Matthew Sudak Marker Gravestone 12 Peter and Alexandra Talanetz Gravestone Marker 13 Mary and Steve Belida 14 Demitry and Vera Belida Gravestone Gravestone Dates 1918 c. 1918 c. 1918 c.

1940 1918 1923 1927 1941 1945 1946 1951 1953 Material Status N/A Uncut stone Uncut stone Asphalt paving Granite Granite Granite Granite Granite Granite Pink Granite Pink Granite 1951 1960 Granite Granite Si/C St/C St/C St/C O/C O/C O/C O/C O/C O/C O/C O/C O/C O/NC 1 C = Contributing NC = Non Contributing B = Building O= Object Si = Site St = Structure Russian Cemetery Westford (Middlesex Co.), Massachusetts Data Sheet Map # Name 15 Peter and Mary Worobey 16 Concrete grave marker 17 Chain link fence 18 Flag pole 19 Stephen Beskalo Marker 20 Modern Shed Resource Tvpe Dates Material Status Gravestone Gravestone Fence Flag pole Gravestone Shed 1941 c. 1960 C. 1960 2000 c. 2000 Granite Cast Concrete Metal Metal Bronze Wood O/C O/C O/NC O/NC O/NC B/NC NOTE: Resources selected for description in the text and inclusion in the data sheet are representative (i.e.

lack of inclusion on the data sheet does not imply a non-contributing resource) 2 C = Contributing NC = Non Contributing B = Building O= Object Si = Site St = Structure UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET REQUESTED ACTION: NOMINATION PROPERTY NAME: Russian Cemetary MULTIPLE NAME: STATE & COUNTY: MASSACHUSETTS, Middlesex DATE RECEIVED: DATE OF 16TH DAY: DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: 10/14/05 11/24/05 DATE OF PENDING LIST: 11/09/05 DATE OF 45TH DAY: 11/27/05 REFERENCE NUMBER: 05001324 REASONS FOR REVIEW: APPEAL: N DATA PROBLEM: N LANDSCAPE: N LESS THAN 50 YEARS: PERIOD: PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: REQUEST: N COMMENT WAIVER: N SAMPLE : N SLR DRAFT: N NATIONAL: LACCEPT RETURN ABSTRACT / SUMMARY COMMENTS : REJECT 11-25-05 DATE Entered in the "acional Befistes RECOM./CRITERIA REVIEWER DISCIPLINE TELEPHONE - DATE DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR I/N If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the nomination is no longer under consideration by the NPS.

AS 880-0 15tg EHY UI RASAAHE ( CEMEH 27 1897 1918 (SI9 C YMEP He IB WORO ZAHARIE J ROSKO 887 1918 sussian lemeten westford middesex Cs. Mass photo: S. JoLnsoN 9/02 wegs on file w westford Nat. Comm. Wew to North Photo / Sener Bilide Morker Russinu Ceretem Westford, Middleser Cs. Mass. ploto: 5. JohNso~ 9/02 Negs on file w/ westford Nut. CoMM. view to north photo 2 Entrance ques RussiaN Cereten westford, moblesex Co. Moss Proto: S. Johuson 9/02 was on file w/ westford Nust. comm New to exot photo 3 Auton Anionovich Pozniok Morker RUSSIAN BROTHERHOOD CEMETERY Pattern Road Westford, MA 01886 RECEIVED JAN 27 2005 MASS.HIST. COMM December 15,2004 Ms.

Betsy Freidberg Massachusetts Historical Commission Massachusetts Archives Building 220 Morrissey Boulevard Boston, MA 02125 Dear Ms. Friedberg, On behalf of the Russian Brotherhood Cemetery, we are writing to express support for the Westford Historical Commission's efforts to list the Russian Brotherhood Cemetery in the National Register of Historic Places. Sincerely, As members and representatives of the Russian Brotherhood Cemetery: ana/acpss - Doris Jackson tatua Sukaro Weal Patricia Beskalo Walsh Scott C. Walsh Gregory 6. Beskal 2. 14 Eva N. Brown Evan Brown Steven Jackson Stpr - PLACIDAN The Commonwealth of Massachusetts William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth Massachusetts Historical Commission 12005 October 11, 2005 Mr.

John Roberts, Acting Chief National Register of Historic Places Department of the Interior National Park Service 1201 Eye Street, NW 8" floor Washington, DC 20005 Dear Mr. Roberts: Enclosed please find the following nomination form: Russian Cemetery, Patten Road, Westford (Middlesex County), MA The nomination has been voted eligible by the State Review Board and has been signed by the State Historic Preservation Officer. The owners of the property were notified of pending State Review Board consideration 30 to 45 days before the meeting and were afforded the opportunity to comment.

Sincerely, Betey Fuedweig Betsy Friedberg National Register Director Massachusetts Historical Commission Enclosure CC: Sanford Johnson, consultant Pat Beskalo Walsh, Russian Cemetery Kenneth Tebbets, Westford Historical Commission Dini Healy-Coffin, Westford Board of Selectmen Timothy Greenhill, Westford Town Planner 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 (617) 727-8470 - Fax: (617) 727-5128 www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc Patrick Andrus/WASO/NPS 11/22/2011 08:38 AM To "Friedberg, Betsy (SEC)" <betsy.friedberg@state.ma.us> CC bcc Subject Re: Russian Cemetery, Middlesex CountyD Betsy: As long as you are just correcting spelling/grammar, then there is no need to treat this as additional documentation. Just send it to my attention and I will switch the pages. You can have a new signature page but date it the same date as the original.

The only problem I see is that when our secretary opens the mail she date stamps it. So put a message in LARGE TYPE asking Octavia to not date stamp the incoming, but to just give it to me. Happy Thanksgiving. Patrick Patrick W. Andrus Historian National Register of Historic Places Patrick_Andrus@nps.gov "Friedberg, Betsy (SEC)" <betsy.friedberg@state.ma.us> "Friedberg, Betsy (SEC)" <betsy.friedberg@state.ma.u S> 11/21/2011 05:13 PM To "Patrick_Andrus@nps.gov" <Patrick_Andrus@nps.gov> CC Subject Russian Cemetery, Middlesex County Hi Patrick, This property was listed in the NR in late 2005. I was looking at the file last week and realized that we apparently sent to NPS a version of the nomination that had not been copy edited. We would like to resubmit the nomination.

The copy editing would correct some misspellings and punctuation, but would have no effect on the substance of the nomination. There are tiny corrections on almost every page, I'm embarassed to say. How should we do this? Is it considered additional documentation? To my chagrin, one of the errors is on the cover page ("cemetery" is misspelled). So l am wondering whether a new. SHPO signature is needed. Please advise. Many thanks, Betsy Betsy Friedberg National Register Director Massachusetts Historical Commission 220 Morrissey Blvd. Boston, MA 02125 Ph: 617-727-8470 fax: 617-727-5128 1172002 The Commonwealth of Massachusetts William Francis Galvin, Secretary of the Commonwealth Massachusetts Historical Commission January 23, 2012 Mr. Patrick W.

Andrus Historian National Register of Historic Places National Park Service 1201 Eye Street NW 8* floor Washington, Dc 20005 Re: Westford (Middlesex), MA; Russian Cemetery Listed November 25, 2005 Dear Patrick: We are sending you a corrected version of the Russian Cemetery nomination, in reference to your email of November 22 (attached). The only changes to the nomination are related to spelling and grammar. It has been signed and dated by our SHPO to reflect the original submission. Please substitute this version, including one corrected photo caption, for the existing nomination. Betaytridleng Betsy Friedberg NR Director Massachusetts Historical Commission 220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 (617) 727-8470 - Fax: (617) 727-5128 www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc