Nomination for Bellville Cemetery Chapel

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior -MAY 2 7 2010 NAT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in National Register Bulletin, How "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional certification comments, entries, and narrative items on continuation sheets if needed (NPS Form 10-900a). 1. Name of Property historic name Bellville Cemetery Chapel 2. Location street & number Bellville Cemetery, State Route 97 not for publication -statewide 3.

State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. Signature of certifying official/Title Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government Signature of commenting official 4.

Nationál Park Service Certification I hereby certify that this property is: entered in the National Register - determined not eligible for the National Register -removed from the National Register Date of Action 139 vicinity Society Date Registration Form county Richland National Register of Historic Places zip code be considered significant at the following level(s) of significance: _national Title NATIONAL PARK SERVICE to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form. If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for I hereby certify that this X nomination _ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for _does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property X local other (explain:) N.

Beall 44813 Ohio In my opinion,the property_Xmeets United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 Richland County, Ohio 5. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property (Do not include previously listed resources in the count.) public - Local public - State public - Federal Name of related multiple property listing Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register 6. Function or Use RELIGION/ Religious facility VACANT/NOT IN USE 7.

Description LATE VICTORIAN/ Queen Anne walls: Wood private site other: object district structure Architectural Classification Total building(s) Materials Current Functions Asphalt shingle (Enter categories from instructions.) Historic Functions County and State (Check only one box.) Bellville Cemetery Chapel Name of Property (Expires 5/31/2012) (Check as many boxes as apply.) foundation: Sandstone United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 Bellville Cemetery Chapel Richland County, Ohio Name of Property County and State property, such as its location, setting, size, and significant features.) Summary Paragraph Ohio. Constructed ca.1877-1880 the diminutive Queen Anne style chapel is situated amidst a grove of mature Norway scale) wood siding.

(Photo 2) A 6 by 15 foot wood porch on the south side protects the original wood paneled main entrance door. (Photo 3) Another 4- paneled wood door on the north side provides access to the first floor stairway. (Photo 4) A double wood door in the north elevation was added in 1947 and opens into the Chapel room. (Photo 5) Five 27-inch wide by 60-inch high, one-over-one double-hung windows are featured on the first floor. The attic space has two one-panel, fixed sash windows 19 inch wide by 34 inches high on the east and west elevations. (Photo's 6, 7)The north and south sides each have a 3-window fixed sash windows in a modified, Palladian window arrangement. There are two paneled wood doors, each 30-inch wide ornamentation and beaded spindles in a half-round configuration.

(Photo's 8, 9) The spindle work near the ridgeline on Doric pilasters of fluted wood on the exterior corners provide termination for the wood clapboard siding. (Photo 10) wood joists. (Photo 17) storage facility. room. OMB No. 1024-0018 Narrative Description original building. (Expires 5/31/2012) area are included in the nomination. building consists of 1 by 6 inch wood floor boards over 2 by 6 inch wood joists on both the first and attic floors. The roof structure is 2 by 6 inch rafters with asphalt shingles. The exterior wall finish is wood clapboard siding and imbricate (fish grouping consistingof a28-inch wide by 49-inch high double-hung window flanked by two 19-inch wide by 34-inch high the south elevation has experienced some deterioration. Architectural elements that have become detached have been retained for repair or replacement.

A shed roof over the porch on the south side is supported by turned wood posts over The main entrance door on the south elevation opens from the porch into a 14 by 19 foot chapel room. (Photo 11) At the floor encloses a stairway to the attic area. (Photo 14) Wall and ceiling finishes are horsehair plaster over wood lath throughout this floor, and the wood baseboards, door, and window trim moldings are original. (Photo's 13, 15, 16) The character-defining features conveying the building's architectural significance. The interior appears to have always been (Describe the historic and current physical appearance of the property. Explain contributing and noncontributing located on the western edge of the village of Bellville off of State Route 97. The chapel and its immediate surrounding walls are 2 by 4 inch wood studs in a balloon frame over a wood frame atop a sandstone foundation.

The floor of the by 78-inches high in the interior spaces. A 16-inch square brick chimney provides a flue for a wood stove in the Chapel The exterior wood siding patterns are separated by modillion courses, vertical wood siding or curved, 6-inch wide trim square, beveled wood post bases. A wood spindle balustrade railing links the porch posts. The porch roof pediment has a southwest corner of the chapel is a 5-foot by 5-foot privy, a two-hole indoor "outhouse." (Photo 12) A third space on this with cresting) and the double door added to the north elevation in 1947, all construction components are part of the United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) Bellville Cemetery Chapel Richland County, Ohio Name of Property County and State 8. Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

Areas of Significance significant contribution to the broad patterns of our of a type,period, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, orpossesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack ca. 1877-1880 important in prehistory or history. (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply.) (Complete only if Criterion B is marked above.) Owned by a religious institution or used for religious removed from its original location. a birthplace or grave. a reconstructed building, object, or structure. less than50 years old orachieving significance within the past 50 years. Criteria Considerations (explanation, if necessary) locally important example of the Queen Anne style. purposes. Architecture Criteria Considerations Architect/Builder history. individual distinction.

Property embodies the distinctive characteristics Significant Dates Significant Person Applicable National Register Criteria Property is: a commemorative property. Period of Significance (justification) Period of Significance (Enter categories from instructions.) significant in our past. for National Register listing.) Cultural Affiliation Property is associated with events that have made a Property is associated with the lives of persons a cemetery. NPS Form 10-900 (Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information The period of significance reflects the date of construction of the property.

The Bellville Cemetery Chapel meets National Register Criteria Consideration A for its architectural significance as a United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 Bellville Cemetery Chapel Richland County, Ohio County and State details that exemplify the exuberant appearance of the Queen Anne style. The exterior woodwork, siding patterns, 1880 Queen Anne/Eastlake style cemetery chapel, also with an unknown builder, listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. Both of these cemetery chapels display similar interiors with one main room, hardwood floors, and plaster walls, cast iron stove and simple doors and woodwork of the period. Bellville is a village characterized by its frame architecture.

The most distinctive example of historic architecture in the House (1885,RIC-00040-17) and the house at 174 Huron Street (RIC-00026-17) are two local examples of Queen Anne planing mill and lumber yardmanufacturing and dealers in lumber and ornamental wood products. its standardized construction techniques, mass production of machine cut lumber, and use of machine-produced, jig-sawn bargeboard, fish scale siding, carved brackets and turned spindles. The dominant style of domestic building during the late medieval models of Elizabethan and Jacobethan eras, the spindle work, modillions and Palladian windows are builders/carpenters and planing companies. The construction of the chapel also appears to coincide with a period of local growth and public building activities within the village including the Village Hall in 1877-78 and the Bandstand in 1879. incorporated as a village.

McAlester, Virginia & Lee. A Field Guide to American Houses. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Publisher, 1994) 263-265. 1877-1880. applicable criteria.) OMB No. 1024-0018 Name of Property (Expires 5/31/2012) bargeboard, scroll-sawn fascia boards, medallion courses, pendant drops, beaded spindles and window treatment are all trademarks of this style that was popular from 1876 to the early 1900s. The Bellville Cemetery Chapel was built circa and the use of wall surfaces as primary decorative elements. While the halftimbering and wall texturing can be traced to purchased landin the northeast quarter of section 9 of the township. By 1815 Robert Bell, Sr., from Belmont County, laid records available. The Bellville Cemetery Chapel is significant under Criterion C as an intact example of Queen Anne style funerary architecture in Richland County, Ohio.

This style was a popular choice for residential, religious, and to a lesser extent village is the Bellville Bandstand, built in 1879. Listed in the National Register in 1973, it is a locally fine example of 1976) was built in 1879 displaying brackets and scrollwork attributed to the Otis Howard and Son Mill, a Bellville based with emphasis on the decorative details and variety of archetypical wooden features likely associated with local Developmental history/additional historic context information (if appropriate) Bellville, was the first village established in Jefferson Township in Richland County. In 1808-09 James McClure out the first plat giving the village its appearance of streets and Public Square still evident today. The first internment in 1 There is no record of a builder.

Construction date taken from information given by interviewing some of the oldest United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form OMB No. 1024-0018 Bellville Cemetery Chapel Richland County, Ohio Name of Property County and State country of rich farming land...[It] has a grist mill, several mills of other description, five or six stores, two taverns and sundry merchandise shops." village developed as a trading area, first as a stagecoach stop and then by the railroad in 1852 when the Sandusky, Township est. in 1819 (1809), situated on Clearfork of the Mohican River and on the Sandusky, Mansfield, Newark 1000." By this time there were six builders, a lumber yard, sawmills, and a planing mill operating in Bellville.

Otis Howard and Son Planing Milland Lumber Yard manufactured and were dealers in lumber and ornamental wood products and the Zent Brothers also ran a large lumber yard By 1879the population had increased to1,100 and this period saw the construction of the Village Hall and the Bandstand constructed during this period in the village. issued booklets to aid in the identification of aircraft. More recently, the Bellville Cemetery Trustees used the building for 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References Beers, Larry Alan. "Bellville Village Hall." National Register of Historic Places nomination. 1973. Bellville Richland Star, September 11, 1879. Carley, Rachel. The Visual Dictionary of American Domestic Architecture. New York: Henry Holt & Co. Publishers, 1994. Graham, A.A. History of Richland County, Ohio, Its past and present, 1807-1880. Mansfield, OH: A. A. Graham & Co. Publishers, 1880. Architecture, 1975. Hauck. "Gurney-Kochheiser House." National Register of Historic Places nomination. 1974. Mansfield Herald, September 14, 1879. (Expires 5/31/2012) NPS Form 10-900 utilizing the building. builders. A story in the local paper, the Richland Star, on September 11, 1879 describes how the local lumber companies and local carpenters donated their materials and time to design and erect the public bandstand.

The Bellville Cemetery Chapel reflects similar design characteristics, materials and workmanship as the bandstand and as a public building equipment storage until the construction of a new maintenance shed, when they vacated the Chapel. The Chapel is Hauck, Thomas R. Bellville, defining an architectural identity in Ohio. Columbus: The Ohio State University, Department of In 1860, The Ohio Gazetteer described the village, "Bellville, a prominent post village in Richland County in Jefferson Railroad, 10 miles from Mansfield, 60 miles from Columbus. It contains 5 stores, 5 manufacturers... the population is spotter's base of operations.

Locally called the 'Ghost Post", the Chapelwas equipped with a telephone and federally owned by the Village of Bellville and is currently vacant, although the Bellville-Richland County Historical Society Bibliography (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form.) Davies, Sandra. "Plymouth Greenlawn Cemetery Chapel." National Register of Historic Places nomination. 1996. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) Bellville Cemetery Chapel Richland County, Ohio Name of Property McAlester, Virginia & Lee. A Field Guide to American Houses. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Publisher, 1994. Ohio Gazetteer and Traveler's Guide, 1841, 1860.

Previous documentation on file (NPS): preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67 has been X State Historic Preservation Office Other State agency previously listed in the National Register previously determined eligible by the National Register designated a National Historic Landmark recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey # X Other recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # Name of repository: Bellville-Jefferson Twp. Historical Society recorded by Historic American Landscape Survey # Historic Resources Survey Number (if assigned): _ 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property Less than one acre (Do not include previously listed resource acreage.) Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property.) the east wall and runs parallel to it.The northern boundary line lies 10 feet north of the north wall and runs parallel to it.

The western boundary line lies 10 feet west of the west wall and runs parallel to it. The southern boundary line lies 50 feet south of the front wall of the Chapel and runs parallel to it. Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected.) The nominated property includes the Chapel and its immediate setting, including the mature, Norway spruce trees to the 11. Form Prepared By date March 2006 street & number 167 Main Street telephone 419-886-3680 city or town Bellville state Ohio 4497505 371526 RIC-00021-17 Northing Zone requested) University e-mail UTM References south of the building. County and State Federal agency Local government (Place additional UTMreferences ona continuation sheet.) zip code 44813 Primary location of additional data: Easting The nominated property is situated in the southwest corner of Bellville Cemetery (NE %,sec.

9,Jefferson It is bounded by a set of imaginary lines that form a rectangle around the Chapel. The eastern boundary line lies 4 feet east of organization Bellville-Jefferson Twp. Historical Society United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) Bellville Cemetery Chapel Richland County, Ohio Submit the following items with the completed form: - Maps: A USGS map (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's location. photographs to this map. - Continuation Sheets - Additional items: (Check with the SHPO or FPO for any additional items.) or larger. Key all photographs to the sketch map.

Name of Property: Bellville Cemetery Chapel City or Vicinity: Bellville Photographer: Susan Tietz, Ohio Historical Society Date Photographed: March 13, 2010 south and east elevations, view to northwest detail of clapboard and shingles on east elevation, view to west south elevation, view to north north elevation, view to south interior double door on north wall, view to north east elevation, view to west west elevation, view to east detail ornamentation in peak, east elevation, view to west north and west elevations, view to southeast detail porch, view to east interior south and west walls, view to southwest detail privy, view to southwest interior east wall, view to east interior stairway hall, view to north interior west wall, view to west interior door detail on west wall, view to west interior of attic, view to southeast adjoining cemetery view to northeast adjoining view to south Photographs: Additional Documentation County and State Description of Photograph(s) and number: Name of Property County: Richland State: Ohio Submit clear and descriptive photographs.

The size of each image must be 1600x1200 pixels at 300 ppi (pixels per inch) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 5/31/2012) Bellville Cemetery Chapel Richland County, Ohio (Complete this item at the request of the SHPO or FPO.) Village of Bellville telephone 419-886-2245 Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C.460 et seq.). instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Office of Planning and Performance Management. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1849 C.

Street, NW, Washington, DC. name Property Owner: County and State Name of Property zip code 44813 city or town Bellville state Ohio ATTIC FLOOR PLAN INDICATION (A) SHEET CHAPEL ATTIC FLUE SCALE C - PLAN PORCH SECTION STAIRS BARGEBOARD WITH SCROLL- PENDANT (DROP) BARGEBOARD W/TH SHINGLE ROOF IVERTICAL WOOD SIDING -MODILLION COURSE TYMPANUM WITH PILASTERS AT WOOD SPINDLE EAST ELEVATION CORNERS CHIMNEY BRICK ASPHALT DECORATION MOLDED PLASTER BALUSTRADE PLATE GLASS DORIC FLUTED WOOD SHINGLES SAWN FASCIA ASPHALT SIINGLE ROOF IMBRICATED ONE-OVER-ONE LLSEYE THE BELLVILLE CEMETERY CHAPEL - BELLVILLE, CH1O BEADED SPINDLES & DOUBLE- HUNG SASH SOUTH (FRONT) ELEVATION SHEET SCALE ASPHALT SHINGLE SHED RUOE WITH PEDIMENT OVER PORCH DORIC FLUTE G GLAPBORROS CUT SANDSTONE GRADE @ BLRE. LATTICE VENT WEST ELEVATION SCALE: 0 SHEET PILASTERSAT SIDING FASCIA BOARD.

CORNERS ROOF BRICK CHIMNEY BARGEBOARD WITN BEADED SPINDLES PENDANT (PROP) & (SCROLL-SAWN IMBRIAVED WOOD SHINGLES /FGUNDATION WALL.

NORTH RICHLAND COUNTY (PORCH ROOF J FIRST FLOOR PLAN CHAPEL ATTIC FLOOR PLAN 4:0° STAIRS BELLVILLE,OHIO SECTION SHEE -x 2:10".2:5" RAFTERS EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET NAME : DATE OF 16TH DAY: N PDIL: N PERIOD: N PROGRAM UNAPPROVED: COMMENT WAIVER: N ABSTRACT/ SUMMARY COMMENTS: If a nomination is returned to the nominating authority, the TELEPHONE MULTIPLE DATE RETURN DISCIPLINE REVIEWER REJECT 7/11/10 5/27/10 7/08/10 RECOM./CRITERIA Historic Places Entered in OTHER: The National Register UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES DATE RECEIVED: NATIONAL PARK SERVICE DATE OF WEEKLY LIST: REASONS FOR REVIEW: DOCUMENTATION see attached comments Y/N see attached SLR Y/N DATE OF 45TH DAY: DATE OF PENDING LIST: STATE & COUNTY: OHIO, Richland 6/23/10 nomination is no longer under consideration by the NPs. Bellville, Richland Co, O.

Brlluille Cemetery Chape BelluilleCemetery Chael Bellille, Richland lo, OH Belluile Cemetery Chapel Balluiile Cemetery Chapel Bellville Cemeteny Chapel Bell villç hichland Co,OH Blluille Cemetery Chapel Belluille Cemetery Chapel Belluill, Rich land Co, off Belluille Ceweteuy Chape Bell ville Cemetery Chapel Belluille, Richland Co. OH° Bellville, Richland Co, OH - Chapel Belluille Cemetery Bellv ille Pemetery Chapel Belluille, Richland Co. Olt Bellille Cemetery Chapel 1 1 Belluille, Richland Co, OH Beluile Cemetery Chapel 17371526 4497505 BELLVILLE, OHIO DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BELLVILLE QUADRANGLE Cemetery Chapel UNITED STATES MAY 2 7 2910 NAT. REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Ms. Carol D. Shull, Keeper of the 1201 Eye Street, NW (2280) Washington DC 20005 Enclosed please find four (4) new National Register nominations for Ohio.

All appropriate notification procedures have been followed for these new submissions. NEW NOMINATION East North Broadway Historic District Avon Isle If you have questions or comments about these documents, please contact the National Register staff in the Ohio Historic Preservation Office at (614) 298-2000. Executive Director and CEO State Historic Preservation Officer Ohio Historic Preservation Office 1982 Velma Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43211-2497 ph: 614.298.2000 fx: 614.298.2037 COUNTY www.ohiohistory.org Enclosures Richland Franklin Auglaize Lorain OHIO OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY Burt Logan National Register Bellville Cemetery Chapel Sincerely, Dear Ms. Shull: RECEIVED 2280 National Register of Historic Places Wintzer, Charles Building HISTORY July 7, 2010 JUL 19 RECO 71 S.

High /street Columbus, Ohio 43215-6111 I have a very special community project that I would like to have help with from a very Advisory Board in April, was approved at that level and is presently in Washington D.C. appreciated Max E. Stahl, Curator 4511 Rule Road Bellville, Ohio 44813 BJTHS Dear Representative Goyal, Most sincerely, Representative Jay Goyal House District 73 Twp.Historical Society and I am presently the Curator.The Chapel is located within the To date the Chapel request has successfully gone through the Columbus Ohio State it an arm of our Historical Society to preserve our Bellville history. Registry of Historic Places. My wife Loretta is the President of the Bellville-Jefferson recognition from the Ohio House of Representatives, especially from such a busy person. influential person such as you. The Bellville-Jefferson Twp.

Historical Society has been Bellville cemetery and first used in the late 1800's.We would like to restore it and make for final approval to be listed on the National Registry.

Any help would be very greatly My name is Max E.Stahl, I want to sincerely thank you for the surprise eightieth birthday trying for four years now to get the Chapel in our Bellville Cemetery put on the National 100 EAST MAIN CROSS STREET FOURTH DISTRICT, OHIO SUITE 201 FINDLAY, OH 45840-4861 (419) 423-3210 515 CANNON HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING WASHINGTON, DC 20515-3504 (202) 225-2676 3121 WEST ELM PLAZA LIMA, OH 45805-2516 - COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY (419) 999-6455 COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND 24 WEST THIRD STREET GOVERNMENT REFORM Room 314 MANSFIELD, OH 44902-1299 COMMITTEE ON SMALL BUSINESS (419) 522-5757 121 SOUTH OPERA STREET BELLEFONTAINE, OH 43311 (937) 292-4015 July 30, 2010 AUG - 9 2010 1201 Eye Street, NW (2280) Washington, DC 20005 RE: Bellville-Jefferson Twp. Historical Society Congressman Jordan has received the enclosed correspondence from Mr.

Max Stahl, Curator of the Bellville Jefferson Twp. Historical Society. According to Mr. Stahl, he submitted the proper nomination forms to the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) and was told it has been forwarded to Washington D.C. for We would appreciate any assistance you can provide as to the status of Mr. Stahl's nomination application. Please respond to Congressman Jordan's Mansfield District Office. Thank you for your cooperation. Staff Assistant/Caseworker Mansfield District Office Sincerely, Enc. http://jordan.house.gov PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER final approval. Bellville Cemetery Chapel Nomination status Kelly M. Rollins RECEIVED 2280 Congressman Jim Jordan National Park Service National Register of Historic Places JIM JORDAN To Whom it May Concern: House nf Repreaentatiues - AUG 1 1 2010 The Honorable Jim Jordan Washington, D.C. 20515 Dear Mr.

Jordan: Thank you for your letter of July 30, 2010, supporting the listing of the Bellville Cemetery Chapel in Bellville, Ohio, in the National Register of Historic Places. Register of Historic Places, administered by the National Park Service under the Secretary of the. Interior, is the official list of the Nation's historic places and includes districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that are significant in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering, and culture. additional information or assistance. Stephanie Toothman, Ph.D. Associate Director, Cultural Resources 2280 Loether Basic File Retained In 2280 FNP:PAndrus:OP: 08-11-2010:S://nr_correspondenceljordan 2285 H32(2280) Sincerely, Signed House of Representatives preservation programs of the National Park Service.

Please let me know if we may provide any We appreciate your support for the Bellville Cemetery Chapel and interest in the historic J. Paul Loether We are pleased to inform you that the Bellville Cemetery Chapel was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on July 8,2010,for its architectural importance.The National Nee P.Andun 81/10