Nomination for Gnadenhutten Massacre Site

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR X State (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Tus carawas INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM (Type all entries - complete applicable sections) AND/ OR HISTORIC: APR 13 1971 (Check One) - In Process - Preservation work - Comments - Other (Specify) OWNER'S NAME: LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: 1982 Velma Avenue REPRESENTATION IN EXIST ING SURVEYS TITLE OF SURVEY: DATE OF SURVEY: February, - Local DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: 039 157 Site NATIONAL Commercial LOCATION REGISTER Religious OWNERSHIP Private Government Educational Both District Columbus DATE ACCESSIBLE Entertainment CATEGORY Agricultural CLASSIFICATION Park Unoccupied Restricted Being Considered Structure CODE Museum Gnadenhutten Massacre Site STATUS NAME Scientific Transportation Public Building Industrial Ohio COMMON: Private Residence Yes: County Road Object South of Gnadenhutten The Ohio Historical Society ENTRY NUMBER NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Form 10-300 Public Acquisition: Military STREET AND NUMBER: OWNER OF PROPERTY (State Memorial) TO THE PUBLIC CITY OR TOWN: FOR NPS USE ONLY State of Ohio - Federal - Unaltered - Moved X Original Site DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (if known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

Description of the property

Nothing remains of the Moravian Mission of Gnadenhutten, founded in site, now is marked by a simple obelisk. The site also contains the APR 13 1971 CONDITION REGISTER DESCRIPTION NATIONAL is operated by the Gnadenhutten Historical Society. graves of the martyred Indians. (Check One) - Deteriorated - Unexposed October, 1772. The massacre site, which coincided with the mission Excellent Ruins State Memorial by The Ohio Historical Society.A museum on the grounds RECEIVED Fair tion to the State of Ohio in 193l.The site is administered asa PERIOD (Check One or More as Appropriate) - Pre-Columbian) - 20th Century - Urban Planning - Prehistoric Other (Specify) APR 13-1971 - Music STATEMENT OF

Statement of significance

The Delaware Indians, after moving to eastern Ohio about 1750, took Zeisberger, who founded a successful Moravian Mission, Schoenbrunn, The militiamen, blinded by their hatred of Indians, held a council brought charges against the Moravians, accusing them of fighting the Americans, assisting British Indians and plundering American missionaries wished to re-establish their Tuscarawas towns, but the later efforts were not so successful as the initial ones.

Architecture losophy Engineering Conservation Communications Commerce Science SIGNIFICANCE Aboriginal Theater Education Agriculture Literature Landscape Sculpture Industry Political Invention manner toward the Indians long enough to disarm then.Next they itarian for the new American nation.The American states also ceded their hostilities.The Treaty of 1783 secured the Northwest Territory another militia was sent to destroy the remaining Tuscarawas towns, During the Revolutionary War, the Moravians and their Indian converts Social/Hum Christians sang and prayed, their members were taken two by two frontiersmen began to believe rumors that the Moravian Indians were readily to Christianity.As early as mid-century there were Moravian helping the British as were other Indians in Ohio.After a series sold the dress to the Christian Indians and then moved on.

and then the Sandusky settlement, most of the Moravians were gone. who had been killed in one of the Indian raids.The Shawnees had also helped to found a mission 12 miles down the Tuscarawas River of Shawnee Indian raids in Pennsylvania,150 mounted militia from White Eyes and Killbuck. Gnadenhutten to death. The militiamen pretended to act in friendly Religion/Phi- SPEÇIFIC DATEIS) (If Applicable and Known) March 8, Missions in Pennsylvania converting Delawares. In 1772, David one for the men, the other for women and children. While the on the Sandusky River and warned their people to flee. By the time western claims to the federal government. Meanwhile, the Moravian Transportation settlements.

Pennsylvania, although the mission records show that ninety were were neutral and would not help either side.However, the American killed.Two young boys escaped and rejoined the Christian Indians Two cabins were selected for the scenes of the massacre, at which there was an overwhelming vote to put all the Indians at Art In the fall of 1782,England signed a preliminary treaty ending

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Published by the Gnadenhutten Historical Society, 1963. Columbus, Ohio, vol. 4, 1908. pp. 306-310. 3rd ed. 1968.

GEOGRAPHICAL DATA LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINA TES DEFINING THE CENTER POINT OF A PROPERTY DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY OF LESS THAN TEN ACRES W 81° 1982 Velma Avenue CITY OR TOWN: STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERTIFICATION NATIONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na- I hereby certify that this property is included in the tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set Chief, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation 039 3/15/71 LATITUDE Seconds DATE National Name COUNTY LONGITUDE ORGANIZATION Local STATE The Ohio Historical Society CODE Ohio CORNER Judith Kitchen Degrees Minutes Seconds National Register.

ATTEST: STREET AND NUMBER: NAME AND TITLE: level of significance of this nomination is: FORM PREPARED BY Columbus,Ohio: 5-28-7/ Rodabaugh, James H. and Mary Jane. Columbus, Ohio: The Ohio Historical Society. First pub. 1945, APPROXIMA TE ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY: LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES REGISTER forth by the National Park Service. The recommended Martin, Harry Edwin. "The Tragedy of Gnadenhutten." In Ohio Magazine, N 40° Degrees Minutes Title 463050 "Massacre at Gnadenhutten: Blackest Page in History of Northwest Territory. Schoenbrunn and the Moravian Missions 70.11,39.0026 "10/70 REGISTER NATIONAL APR 13 1971 Tuscarawas 526.70.21 5-21-7/ 1110170 5/28171 6111 GNADENHUTTEN.

HERE CHRISTIAN INDIANS UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Tus carawas ENTRY NUMBER NAME AND/OR HISTORIC: LOCA TION STREET AND NUMBER: CITY OR TOWN: PHOTO CREDIT: DATE OF PHOTO: NEGATIVE FILED AT:The Ohio Historical Society 1982 Velma Avenue Columbus, Ohio DESCRIBE VIEW, DIRECTION, ETC. 1965 157 039 DATE IDENTIFICATION Ohio Title: County Road CODE COMMON: STATE REGISTER The Ohio Historical Society NATIONAL Monument, Gnadenhutten Massacre Site. PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM South of Gnadenhutten NPS Number NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES (Type all entries - attach to or enclose with photograph) PHOTO REFERENCE FOR NPS USE ONLY 1139.0026 APR 18 1971 LOc.

RECEIVED Sete - State Route GNADENHUTTEN, OHIO Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GNADENHUTTEN QUADRANGLE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY MAP FORM County Road 3MAP REFERENCE Tuscaraxas SMarusin: naf GEORGE B. HARTZOG, JR. Mr. Melvin 10/27/70 NOV 1 0 1970 Hashington, D. C. BASIC FILE Duplicate letter sent to: Hon. William B.Saxbe United States Senate Dear Senator Youngi Morgan County, Ohio Jackson County, Ohio Meigs County, Ohio Franklin County, Ohio Washington County, Ohio Licking County, Ohio Auglaize County, Ohio Highland County, Ohio Darke County, Ohio Tuscarawas County, Ohio Mercer County, Ohio Fort St.

Clair Site Preble County, Ohio Fxiends (Quaker) Meeting House Jefferson County, Ohio Warren County, Ohio Hamilton County, Ohio Wyandot County, Ohio Stark County, Ohio Montgomery County, Ohio Gallia County, Ohio Faixfield County, Ohio Indian Mill Putnam House Flint Ridge Buckeye Furnace Properties added to the National Register of Historic Places Stowe House Buffington Island OHIO William McKinley Tomb Adena Leo Petroglyph Glendower Hanby House Big Bottom William H. Harrison Tomb Miamisburg Mound Rankin House Seip Mound Fort Jefferson Site Tarlton Cross Mound Gnadenhutten Massacre Site Campbell Mound McCook House Fort Recovery site Ohio Co.Land Office Fort Amanda Site Schoenbrunn site Fort Laurens Site Carroll County, ohio Brown County, Ohio Ross County, ohio v. P. Snyder, Jr. Steamboat Fort Hill NOV 1 0 1970 Washington, D. C. GEORGE B. HARTZOG, JR. Mr.

Melvin Historical Center, Colunbus, Ohio 43211 10/27/70 SMarusininaf Director cc: Mr. Daniel R. Porter, Director, The Ohio Historical Society, Ohio RETAINED BASIC FILE Friends (Quaker) Meeting House Jefferson County, Ohio Carroll County, Ohio Properties added to the National Register of Historical Places Gnadenhutten Massacre Site McCook House Schoenbrunn Site Fort Laurens Site Tuscarawas County, Ohio OHIO historical society/ohio historical center/columbus, ohio 432l/telephone (614) 469-4663 Aprii 8, 1971 Dr. William J. Murtagh, Keeper 801 - 19th Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006 National Register.of Historic Places forms and attachments for 31 state/Ohio - Glendower APR 13 1971 CHarrison, William H., Tomb Neo Petroglyph McKinley, William, Tomb VW. B.

Snyder, Jr., steamboat REGISTER Director Big Bottom Sincerely, NATIONAL McCook House Miamisburg Mound DRP/eg Buckeye Furnace Putnam House Buffington Island Fort Recovery site Flint Ridge National Register Seip Mound Indian Mill Historical Society-owned prehistoric and historic landmarks, which State Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation Fort Laurens site Campbell Mound Gnadenhutten Massacre site Fort St. Clair site Fort Jefferson site Rankin House Interstate 7l and 17th Avenue Stowe House Fort Amanda site Daniel R. Porter Schoanbrunn site UFriends (Quaker) Meeting House Dear Dr. Bill: LHanby House Parlton Cross Mound Fort Hill Memorials were provisionally added to the National Register November 10,1970. VAdena Ohio Company Land office Our House