Nomination for Putnam, Rufus, House

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR X State NATIONAL PARK SERVICE - County NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY (Type all entries - complete applicable sections) AND/ OR HISTORIC: Corner of Washington & Second Streets, in Campus Martius Museum TO THE PUBLIC - In Process PRESENT USE (Check One or More as Appropriate) - Comments OWNER OF PROPERTY OWNER'S NAME: State of Ohio LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION TITLE OF SURVEY: Ohio Historic Survey, Phase I: - Local DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: 039 167 Washington LOCATION Marietta Commercial Both Religious Government OWNERSHIP Structure ACCESSIBLE CLASSIFICATION Private CATEGORY Entertainment Military Restricted Site Unoccupied Educational Agricultural STATUS Columbus CODE NAME Transportation Museum February, Public District Private Residence Park Yes: Ohio Campus Martius COMMON: Industrial Preservation work Form 10-300 Object ENTRY NUMBER "Ohio Historic Landmarks Scientific The Ohio Historical Society Public Acquisition: REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS Being Considered STREET AND NUMBER: DATE OF SURVEY: CITY OR TOWN: 1982 Velma Avenue (Check One) (July 1969) | Building COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: - Federal 10.1139.00/5 (Check One) *Good -Fair - Deteriorated - Unaltered - Moved DESCRIBETHE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (if known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE "It consists of a regular square, having a blockhouse at each angle, eighteen feet square on the ground, and two stories are so constructed by high-roofs, ets, as to form one complete either sawed or hewed, four inches thick, so that the walls blockhouses are very handsome watch towers.

..." an open space inside of 144 feet. It was built in military fashion of four-inch thick planks laid horizontally and set into mortises in the size of the original part of the Putnam house is 18 feet (the standard curtain width) by 36 feet (the variable length). There is a basement and before his death in 1824, the house was doubled in size by the addition of a matching four-room section to the north of the original curtain-wall of these changes the house apparently always remained sided, but it is be restored as a post-Campus Martius house museum, for much of the timber other curtain houses torn down after 1796.

Unexposed CONDITION DESCRIPTION Excellent Ruins changed to 5-part.The interior of the house was further changed when are very smooth, and when the seams are pointed with mortar, will Original Site high; the upper story on the outside or face, jutting over and an attic, or garret. The original house had a basic four rooms, Martius is now taking place.Research is being carried out on all aspects not known when the original siding was installed. editor of the Massachusetts Spy: dwelling units from each other were, from all evidence, stud walls. The of the building.

The large north addition will not be torn down, but will are composed of dwelling houses two stories high;eighteen feet A complete restoration of the house as it appeared as a part of Campus in the center.Sometime following Putnam's purchase of his house in 1796 Rufus Putnam described Campus Martius in his October,1788 letter to the Campus Martius was approximately 180 feet square on the outside, with 2 to a floor, divided by a stairway: The facade was 3-bay, with entrance Campus Martius house. The roof was rebuilt to cover both sections, fire- wide, and of different lengths. The blockhouses and curtains be very warm and comfortable.

On the top of three of the used to build this section came, apparently, from the blockhouses and Fair places were altered and relocated.At one point the 3-part facade was SIGNIFICANCE PERIOD (Check One or More as Appropriate) - 16th Century SPECIFIC DATE(S) (If Applicable and Known) - Prehistoric On April 7, 1788, 47 New England men landed at the mouth of the Muskingum ment and seat of government to be established in the Northwest Territory 1788, families of the original pioneers and other adventurers floated down the Ohio River on flatboats to settle in the village. Ever-present was the fore planned a fortified village which was built on a bluff above the Mus- summer of 1788. On July 2 it was named "Campus Martius," after its counter- part in ancient Rome, the "Field of War." Rufus Putnam had been an officer in the Revolutionary War and became a at Marietta in 1788.

His Campus Martius residence was originally a part of in charge of surveying the vast Ohio Company tract, using as his office the small log building originally located just outside the walls of the fort and now known as the Ohio Company Land Office. In October, 1788 he side the Allegheny Mountains, and in a few days will be the strongest fortification in the territory of the United States. It stands on the margin of the elevated plain on which are the remains of the ancient works, mentioned in my letter of May last, thirty feet above the high bank of the Muskingum, The blockhouses are all up, the gates and a greater part of the When peace was brought to the frontier following the Treaty of GreeneVille in 1795, Campus Martius was abandoned and the lots and buildings sold to the house while other residents moved to new houses on land which had been granted to them as Ohio Company members.

Campus Martius Museum, which en- closes the Putnam House, was completed in 1931 as a pioneer museum honoring Commerce Engineering Architecture Conservation Communications losophy Transportation Science Aboriginal Military Theater Literature Education Religion/Phi itarian Music Agriculture Landscape Pre-Columbian Sculpture Invention Social/Human- Hildreth: Industry "Campus Martius is the handsomest pile of buildings on this Urban Planning Political after the passage of the Ordinance of 1787.During the spring and summer of superintendent of the Ohio Company.He was one of the 47 original settlers known dwelling in the state of Ohio. which had secured from the Continental Congress a 1,800,0o0-acre 1and grant STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

Statement of significance

little protection to the settlement. The leaders of the Ohio Company there- - . - , there will be seventy-two rooms of eighteen They were members and employees of the Ohio Company of Associates kingum 3/4 of a mile from its mouth. Work began on the fort early in the curtains, Art wrote a letter to the editor of the Massachusetts Spy, here quoted from individual residents.The Putnam family remained in Campus Martius in its River.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES In Ohio History, vol. 73 no. 3, summer, 1964. Pp. 183-187. GEOGRAPHICAL DATA LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY DEFINING THE CENTER POINT OF A PROPERTY OF LESS THAN TEN ACRES LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES CODE COUNTY FORM PREPARED BY 1982 Velma Avenue CITY OR TOWN: 12.

STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERTIFICATION As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na- I hereby certify that this property is included in the tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set level of significance of this nomination is: 039 LONGITUDE Local 3/15/71 DATE Seconds LATITUDE ORGANIZATION Columbus STATE CODE Name CORNER National ATTEST: Ohio NATIONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION Degrees Minutes Seconds Judith Kitchen STREET AND NUMBER: The Ohio Historical Society National Register. NAME AND TITLE: less than 1 lot) written for The Woman's Centennial Association, Marietta. N 39 W 81 forth by the National Park Service.

The recommended Zapil 1971 Degrees Minutes Register 436 Title Porter, Daniel R."The Rufus Putnam House at the Campus Martius Museum." Ohio:Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society,1938.(3rd ed). 7-29-71 Putnam/Rufus) Hause MAP ASST. KEEPER EDITORIAL PROCESSING, EDITOR DATE OE COMMENTS : REGISTER NUN NATIONAL LOGGED RESUBMIT ACKNOWLEDGE Card HISTORIAN Annual Edition Entry REVIEW MAP DESCRIPTION(S DATA PAGS CONGRESSTONAL DISTRICT APR 13 1971 Federal Regieter Entry CHIEF,OAHP 70.11.39.0015110/70 2+ plan XEEPER PHOTO ENTRY PHOTO DESCRIP (S 4/13/71 2-26- CD618171 -26-7 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR LOCA TION Corner of Washington & Second Sts, in Campus Martius Museum NEGATIVE FILED AT: The Ohio Historical Society DESCRIBE VIEW, DIRECTION, ETC.

Rufus Putnam House, southeast facade after removal of 039 167 1967 Washington Marietta NAME COUNTY CODE Ohio PHOTO REFERENCE siding, showing original plank wall of fort. COMMON: PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER STATE ENTRY NUMBER FOR NPS USE ONLY NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PHOTO CREDIT: (Type all entries -attach to or enclose with photograph) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Donald A. Hutslar Loc.

STREET AND NUMBER: PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM DATE OF PHOTO: NPS Number CITY OR TOWN: 70-11-39.0013 Putnam, Rufus, House 1982 Velma Avenue Columbus, Ohio DATE IDENTIFICATION Campus Martius AND/OR HISTORIC: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE (Type all entries -attach to or enclose with photograph) * Putnam, Rufus, House AND/OR HISTORIC: STREET AND NUMBER: Corner of Washington & Second Sts, in Campus Martius Museum CITY OR TOWN: PHOTO CREDIT: DATE OF PHOTO: about 1930 NEGATIVE FILED AT: The Ohio Historical Society Columbus.

Ohio Putnam House before enclosure, view of southeast facade 039 167 Washington Marietta COUNTY CODE DATE NAME IDENTIFICATION Title: STATE Ohio PHOTO REFERENCE The Ohio Historical Society PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER COMMON: with original section of Campus Martius Museum building Campus Martius ENTRY NUMBER Velma Avenue NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM in background to right. FOR NPS USE ONLY 2,11.39.0015 11/10/70 DESCRIBE VIEW, DIRECTION, ETC. Nt'S Number LOCA TION Columb Mag. P. Dwelling Houses. b. Watch Tower: TU. Belfry. Explanations. 1.Block Houses of He wed Logs. G.Gate ways O well. -Plan Scale, 40 feet to the Inch.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE FOR NPS USE ONLY (Type all entries - attach to or enclose with photograph) AND/OR HISTORIC: STREET AND NUMBER: Corner of Washington & Second Sts, in Campus Martius Museum CITY OR TOWN: PHOTO CREDIT: The Ohio Historical Society DATE OF PHOTO: Columbus, Ohio DESCRIBE VIEW, DIRECTION, ETC. Photograph made from a drawing of Campus Martius which Magazine, published in Philadelphia. 039 Washington 167 Marietta Ohio COUNTY NAME STATE CODE IDENTIFICATION DATE COMMON: PHOTO REFERENCE PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM Campus Martius NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES ENTRY NUMBER Putnam, Rufus, House NEGATIVE FILED AT:The Ohio Historical Society 1982 Velma Avenue LOCATION appeared in the November,1788 issue of the Columbian MARIETTA QUADRANGLE MARIETTA, OHIO - W. VA.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RUFUS PUTNAM HOUSE STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA UNITED STATES AND OTHER STATE AGENCIES 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) U.S. Route PROPERTY MAP FORM Mr. Daniel R. Porter Columbas, Ohio 43211 Dear Mr. Porter: appropriate Repcesentatives have also bean notified. A leaflet a carbon copy of the Congressional correspondence. Sincerely yours, 10/27/70 SMarusin:naf Enclosures BASIC FILE RETAINED IN HR Ernest Allen Connally explaining the National Register is enclosed for the property Chief, office of Archeology The Ohio Historical Society Ohio Historical Center and Historic preservation Butered in tho National Register NOV 1 0 1970 owner. Please withhold any publicity on this until you have received Places.

Senators Stephon M.Young and Willian B.Saxbe and the the enclosure have been placed on the lational Register of Historic Wa are pleased to inform you that the historie properties listed on Morgan County, Ohio Jackson County, Ohio Meigs County, Ohio Ohio Co. Land Office Licking County, Ohio Auglaize County, Ohio Highland County, Ohio Darke County, Ohio Mercer County, Ohio Fort St. Clair Site Preble County, Ohio Jefferson County, Ohio Warren County, Ohio Hanby House Hamilton County, Ohio Wyandot County, Ohio Carroll County, Ohio Montgomery County, Ohio Gallia County, Ohio Brown County, Ohio W. P. Snyder, Jr.

Steamboat Adena Glendower Buffington Island Stowe House Fort Hill Schoenbrunn Site Fort Recovery Site Big Bottom Tarlton Cross Mound Fort Amanda Site Miamisburg Mound Leo Petroglyph Buckeye Furnace Our House William McKinley Tomb McCook House Properties added to the National Register of Historic Places Campbell Mound Indian Mill William H. Harrison Tomb Fort Jefferson Site Putnam House Flint Ridge Washington County, Ohio Rankin House Franklin County, Ohio Fairfield County, Ohio Seip Mound Fort Laurens Site Tuscarawas County, Ohio Stark County,Ohio Friends (Quaker) Meeting House Ross County, ohio Gnadenhutton Massacre Site OHIO NOV 2 7 1970 GEORGE B. HARTZOG, JR. Mr. Melvin Director cc: Mr. Daniel R. Porter, Direetox, The Ohio Historical Society, Ohio 10/27/70 SMarusin:naf Sincerely yoars.

BASIC FILE RETAINED IN HR Buclosures Morgan County, Ohio Jackson County, Ohio Meigs County, Ohio Washington County, Ohio Ohio Co. Land Office Leo Petroglyph Our House Gallia County, Ohio W. P. Snyder, Jr. Steamboat Fairfield County, Ohio OHIO Putnam House Buckeye Furnace Buffington Island Tarlton Cross Mound Big Bottom Properties added to the National Register of Historical Places NOV 1 0 1970 SMarusin: naf GEORGE B. HARTZOG, JR. Lu: Mr. Melvin Ohio Historical: Center, Columbus, Ohio 43211 10/27/70 Mr.Daniel R.Porter,Director,The Ohio Historical Society United States Senate United Scaces Sonate Vashiagton, D. C Washington, D. C. Enclomirou Ross County, Ohio Morgan County, Ohio Buckeye Furnace Jackson County, Ohio Meigs County, Ohio Franklin County, Ohio Washington County, Ohio Ohio Co. Land Office Licking County, Ohio Fort St.

Clair Site Preble County, Ohio Jefferson County, Ohio Wyandot County, Ohio Carroll County, Ohio William Mekinley Tomb Stark County, Ohio Montgomery County, Ohio Brown County, Ohio W. P. Snyder, Jr. Steamboat Fairfield County, Ohio Tarlton Cross Mound Indian Mill Buffington Island Rankin House Adena Hanby House OHIO Flint Ridge Stowe House Miamisburg Mound Seip Mound Properties added to the National Register of Historic Places Fort Jefferson Site Fort Laurens Site William H.

Harrison Tomb Leo Petroglyph Highland County,Ohio Putnam House Big Bottom Glendowor Gnadenhutten Massacre Site Schoenbrunn Site Hamilton County, Ohio Our House Campbell Mound McCook House Gallia County, Ohio Fort Amanda Site Tuscarawas County, Ohio Auglaize County, Ohio Darke County, Ohio Fort Recovery Site Friends(Quaker)Meeting House Mercer County, Ohio Fort Hill Warren County, Ohio Interstate 71 and 17ch Avenue historical society/ohio historical center/columbus, ohio 432l1/telephone (614) 469-4663 April 8, 1971 Dr. William J. Murtagh, Keeper 801 - 19th Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006 Daniel R.

Porter LHärrison, William H., Tomb Neo Petroglyph® McKinley, William, Tomb DRP/eg Rankin House Putnam House Director Miamisburg Mound Adena Sincerely, Fort Jefferson site Fort Amanda site Hanby House Buckeye Furnace Stowe House Glendower National Register Encs.Completed National Register Forms for the following State Memoriais: Fort St.Clair site Fort Recovery site McCook House Historical Society-owned prehistoric and historic landmarks, which State Buffington Island Fort Laurens site IGnadenhutten Massacre site Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation Big Bottom Campbell Mound Seip Mound Tarlton Cross Mound Vw. P. Snyder, Jr., steamboat Our House Friends (Quaker) Meeting House Indian Mill Fort Hill Flint Ridge Ohio Company Land Office Dear Dr.

Bill: National Register of Historic Places forms and attachments for 3l state/ohio Schoanbrunn site Memorials were provisionally added to the National Register November 10,1970 COLUMBUS, OHIO 43210 - Endowment contribution: $100 per year. PARTICIPATE in the government of the Society OBTAIN books and pamphlets about Ohio her- Society, iting State Memorials without charge; Classifications carry equal privileges. Dues deductible for MEMBERSHIP Name Street and natural science. Harold Graham City, State, Zip Code Ohio and United States history. at business meetings; and Echoes, a monthly historical bulletin; BECOME a member of The Ohio Historical SHARE in the exploration of Ohio's past by vis- PARTICIPATE in its activities, THE OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY itage at a 20% discount.

SOCIETY MEMBERS Please enroll me as a member of The Ohio Historical Society in the classification checked: RECEIVE Ohio History, a quarterly magazine Supporting contribution: $30 per year - Life: $150 Participating annual: $5 - Supporting annual: $10 organization founded in 1885 to promote a knowledge of Ohio history, archaeology GAIN a deeper appreciation and knowledge of CAMPUS MARTIUS IN 1791 the town of Marietta, named for the French Queen, Marie Antoinette. This was the first permanent settlement and seat of government to be established During the following months, families of the pioneers and other adventurers floated down the Ohio River on flatboats to settle in the log houses con- A Plan little protection to Marietta in the event of a raid. The leaders of the words meaning literally "field of Mars." At each corner a two-story blockhouse crowned with a sentry tower was erected.

Homes of individual settlers were built on plots of land leased by course of pointed, thorny sticks and a log palisade completed the outer PLAN OF CAMPUS MARTIUS defenses. Explanations. Stalking the settlers, every hour of every day and night, was the cold in the Northwest Territory after the passage of the Ordinance of 1787. Work began on the fort early in the summer of 1788 and on July 2 of the Ohio Company of Associates which had secured from the Continental it was named Campus Martius, after its counterpart in ancient Rome, the the Company between the blockhouses.The walls of the houses were con- CAMPUS MARTIUS On April 7,1788,forty-seven New England men landed fear of Indian attack.Fort Harmar, across the Muskingum, could afford Congress a 1,800,000-acre land grant.

The pioneers set to work laying out bluff above the Muskingum River three-quarters of a mile from its junc- settlement met this problem by planning a fortified village to be built on a structed for them in the village. at the mouth of the Muskingum River.They were members and employees structed with four-inch thick planks to form the curtain of the fort.A tion with the Ohio. Marietta. THE RUFUS PUTNAM HOUSE and CAMPUS MARTIUS MUSEUM One of the houses which comprised Campus Martius It consisted of four small rooms: a kitchen where family life was centered, and three bedrooms. Late in 1790 Putnam moved his family into the little home. When peace was insured on the frontier following the Treaty of Greene Ville, the fort was abandoned.

The Putnam family re- doubled the size of the Putnam house by adding four new rooms In 1931 the Rufus Putnam house was enclosed on its original frame structure, oldest known home preserved in Ohio, has been furnished with items from pioneer families: the Devols, Hildreths, domestic life in the Old Northwest, Marietta and Ohio before the of early Marietta families. frontier necessity in Ohio. others.The house remains today as the most noteworthy architec- Civil War.Exhibits in the north wing were completely redesigned The Putnam house before enclosure in The Museum blockhouses which Putnam bought for $75,carpenters more than mained in their Campus Martius home while other residents foundation in one wing of the Campus Martius Museum.The moved to new houses.Using timber from one of the abandoned was built by Rufus Putnam, superintendent of the Ohio Company.

tural and historical combination of New England tradition and Other exhibits in the Campus Martius Museum complement across the front of the original structure.Here Putnam lived until furniture, textiles, glass, silver, pewter and china. There are new his death in 1824. Meigses, Nyes, Fearings, Blennerhassetts, Masons, Spragues and exhibits in the central gallery which portray the life and times The town's early commercial and cultural Snyder, Jr., one of the last sternwheeled tow boats to ply the of Ohio from the Crucible Steel Company of America. The vessel is complete in every detail and is open to the public daily except Marietta Rotary Club, is available near the boat. to the State of Ohio from the Colonial Dames of America.

Campus Martius Museum, the Putnam House, Land Office and River Museum are located on the corner of Washington and Second streets, and are open to the public without charge from 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M. Mondays through Saturdays, 1:00-5:00 P.M. Sundays. during inclement weather. A picnic shelter, provided by the THE W. P. SNYDER, JR. Docked on the Muskingum made on the Ohio-Mississippi waterways, settlers came by way of the Ohio River. portant phase of Ohio history, a River Ohio is restored and furnished for public appreciation on the operation with the Sons and Daughters of level of Campus Martius Museum in co- Museum has been established on the lower superintendent of the Ohio Company.The cabin isa 1953 gift River at Sacra Via near Front Street in Marietta is the W.P. of the Ohio River steam era.

OFCINCINNAT.OHIO GORDON C.GREENE contacts with the East and South often fitted for ocean trade. To present this im- wheels and whistles, models and mementos OHIO COMPANY LAND OFFICE The first office building in Pioneer Rivermen.Exhibited here are Campus Martius Museum grounds. The little clapboarded log inland waterways.Built in 1918, the boat was a gift to the State LISENBARTH building was constructed in 1788 for Rufus Putnam's use as ISHERD GREP Please enroll me as a member of The Ohio Historical BECOME a member of The Ohio Historical Participating annual: $5 - Supporting annual: $10 Supporting contribution: $30 per year - Life: $150 Classifications carry equal privileges.

Dues deductible for COLUMBUS, OHIO 43210 at business meetings; Society, Name MEMBERSHIP Street THE OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY is a private, educational, state-fostered, non-profit OBTAIN books and pamphlets about Ohio her- Ohio and United States history. and Echoes, a monthly historical bulletin; organization founded in 1885 to promote a knowledge of Ohio history, archaeology itage at a 20% discount. iting State Memorials without charge; SHARE in the exploration of Ohio's past by vis- City, State, Zip Code Harold Graham RECEIVE Ohio History, a quarterly magazine THE OHIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY SOCIETY MEMBERS PARTICIPATE in its activities, and natural science. Society in the classification checked: GAIN a deeper appreciation and knowledge of Endowment contribution: $100 per year. PARTICIPATE in the government of the Society