Nomination for Chelmsford Glass Works' Long House

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

Form 10-300 (July 1969) PH0016080 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF. THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE HB NO UTM STATE: Massachusetts COUNTY: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Middlesex INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM (Type all entries - complete applicable sections) NAME COMMON: Chelmsford Glass Works: Long House AND/ OR HISTORIC: Chelmsford Glass Works' Tenement House LOCATION STREET AND NUMBER: 139-141 Baldwin Street CITY OR TOWN: Lowe11 FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER JAN 2 5 1973 81 19 1Y RECENEN- OCT 30 1972 Cong.

Disteict 5 NATIONAL REGISTER BIE DATE STATE CODE COUNTY: CODE Massachusetts 025 Middlesex 017 CLASSIFICATION CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS (Check One) District Building Site Structure Object - Public X Private L Both Public Acquisition: In Process C Being Considered - Occupied Unoccupied - Preservation work in progress ACCESSIBLE TO THE PUBLIC Yes: Restricted Unrestricted No PRESENT USE (Check One or More as Appropriate) Agricultural Government Commercial Industrial Educational Military Entertainment Museum Park Private Residence Religious Scientific Transportation - Other (Specify) - Comments OWNER OF PROPERTY OWNER'S NAME: John J.

Connor STREET AND NUMBER: 139-141 Baldwin Street CITY OR TOWN: STATE: Lowe11 Mass- LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: Middlesex Registry of Deeds, Northern District STREET AND NUMBER: CODE 025 CITY OR TOWN: Lowe11 STATE Mass - CODE 025 REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE OF SURVEY: Historic American Buildings Survey DATE OF SURVEY: 1938 X Federal DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: Library of Congress STREET AND NUMBER: State County - Local CITY OR TOWN: Washington STATE: CODE D. C. STATE: Mass- COUNTY: Middlesex ENTRY NUMBER JAN 25 1973 DATE FOR NPS USE ONLY DESCRIPTION (Check One) Deteriorated Excellent CONDITION X Good (Check One) Fair x Altered - Unaltered DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (if known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

Description of the property

Ruins - Unexposed (Check One) Moved &] Original Site The Chelmsford Glass Works Long House is a long, low, pitched roof building, one and a half stories high, covered by clapboards on three walls and with shingles on the west wall. The house is comprised of three housing units, each of which contains a central chimney and has a centered door, flanked on each side by two windows. Iwo windows are located in each gable. Additions include a small one-storey covered entrance porch with shed roof which projects from the west end and a one story lean-to located at the rear of the east unit. 11I8I/19, RECENED OCT 30 1972 NATIONAL REGISTER (121 SEE INSTRUCTIONS

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

SIGNIFICANCE PERIOD (Check One or More as Appropriate) Pre-Columbian! 16th Century 15th Century 17th Century SPECIFIC DATE(s) (If Applicable and Known) C. 1802 AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One or More as Appropriate) Abor iginal Education Prehistoric Engineering Historic Industry Agriculture Invention Architecture Landscape Art Architecture Commerce Literature Communications Military Conservation Music 18th Century 19th Century - 20th Century Political Religion/Phi- losophy Science Sculpture Social/Human- itarian Theater Transportation Urban Planning Other (Specity) STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

Statement of significance

The Chelmsford Glass Works Iong House, built shortly after 1802, is the only remaining tenement of those erected by the company for its operatives. No earlier examples of this type of housing have been documented in the state, and early Rhode Island mill housing slightly post-dates this building. Therefore, it remains as the sole survivor of the "earliest American industrial housing development." Although this building may be identified with one of the projects appearing in a publication, A Series of Plans for Cottages, or Habit- ations of the Labourer, Either in Husbandry or the Mechanic Arts, by the English architect, John Woods, it is not a direct copy of Wood's design; the plan and style of each unit is typical of houses of the Colonial period.

However, it is unlikely that such a small company would have been the first in this country to construct such low cost housing; it is probable, therefore, that earlier American models of this type housing existed. The Chelmsford Glass Works was established in 1802, and at its peak its working force, most of whose skilled operators had come from Germany, included members from about twenty families. A two story house for the over- seer and smaller houses for these families were provided by the company near its main manufactory. This was conveniently situated adjacent to the newly constructed Middlesex Canal and drew its raw materials - potash, sand and wood - from the barges which unloaded at its doors. Co 18 19 11 RECEIVED OCT 30 1972 NATIONAL REGISTER Z

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES 1.Coolidge, John, Mill and Mansion, A Study of Architecture and Society in Lowel1, Mass-, 1820-1865, N. Y. Russell and Russell, 1967, pp. 47,185,237. 2. Allen, Wilkes, The History of Chelmsford, Haverhill, P.N. Green, 1820. 3. Griffin, Sara Swan, "Historic Points and By-Ways", The Lowel1 Book, Boston George Ellis, Printer, 1899. 4. Hadley, Hon. Samuel, "Boyhood Reminiscences of Middlesex Village", Contri- 9 H | ebelos = ZONE 19 butions of Lowell Historical Society, Lowell, Mass., Butterfield Printing Co., 1913, vol. 1, p. 207, 456.

10 GEOGRAPHICAL DATA LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY R CORNER LATITUDE Degrees Minutes Seconds LONGITUDE Degrees Minutes Seconds LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES DEFINING THE CENTER POINT OF A PROPERTY OF LESS THAN TEN ACRES LATITUDE LONGITUDE Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds NW 42 NE 38 01 71 SE SW APPROXIMATE ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY: less than one ILIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE: CODE COUNTY 21 00 CODE STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE 12. FORM PREPARED BY NAME AND TITLE: Anne R. Wardwell, Survey Director ORGANIZATION Mass. Historical Commission, Office of the Secretary STREET AND NUMBER: 40 Beacon Street, CITY OR TOWN: STATE Boston STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERTIFICATION DATE October 16, 1972 CODE Mass.

NATIONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION 025 As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na- tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service. The recommended level of significance of this nomination is: National State Local I hereby certify that this property is included in the Nationa1 Register. Kobertn Htter Chief. Office of Archeoloéy and Historic Preservation Name l7.X.

Darren Secretary of the Commonwealth, and Chairman, Massachusetts Historical Commission Date CraulMlestfa Date October 17, 1972 Date GP 0 901.087 UT nopiserChelmsford Slass warks Xana Tauso Norking number SPNP Mass 10.30.72.1637 TECH REVIEN Middlesey Photos Maps 2 ndmen //130 72 dé 1-10.23 HISTORIAN 2- //- 0.10. ARCHEOLOGIST ARchEnEcs hot muck info but if what they say i tres... OK KH 12- 7- 12 BRANCH CHIEF EDITORIAL REVIEW KEEPER National Register write-up Federal Register entry 3/6 Acknowledge Send-back Re-submit Register no. 11/2/22 JAN 2 5 19T3 Lowell. Mass CHELMSFORD GLASS WORKERS' KONG HOUSE 139-141 BALDWIN ST MASS. 70 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM (Type all entries - attach to or enclose with photograph) STATE Mass . COUNTY Middlesex FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER JAN 2 5.

1973 NAME COMMON: Chelmsford Glass Works: Long House AND/OR HISTORIC: Chelmsford Glass Works; Tenement House LOCA TION STREET AND NUMBER: 139-141 Baldwin Street CITY OR TOWN: Lowe11 STATE: 30 1972 HATIONAL REGISTER Mass. PHOTO RE FERENCE PHOTO CREDIT: DATE OF PHOTO: NEGATIVE FILED AT: CODE 025 COUNTY: Middlesex Mass. Historical Commission 1970 DENTIFICATION Massachusetts Historical Commission. 40 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. DESCRIBE VIEW, DIRECTION, ETC. South and west facades - . Form_10-301 (July 1969) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROPERTY MAP FORM (Type all entries - attach to or enclose with map) STATE Mass.

COUNTY Middlesex FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY NUMBER JAN 2 5 1973 DATE - F U = NAME COMMON: AND/OR HISTORIC: LOCATION STREET AND NUM BER: Chelmsford Glass Works: Long House Chelmsford Glass Works' Tenement House 139-141 Baldwin Street CITY OR TOWN: Lowel1 STATE: CODE 025 Mass. MAP REFERENCE SOURCE: U.S.G.S. Lowell, Mass. - N.H. SCALE: 1:24,000 DATE: 1966 REQUIREMENTS TO BE INCLUDED ON ALL MAPS 1. Property broundaries where required. 2. North arrow. 3. Latitude and longitude reference. COUNTY: Midalesex 9 HECEIVED OCT 30 1972 NATIONAL RECISTER EITZTY CODE 017 Doud Broo ,Industrial Waste Ponds Dracut High Sch - BROOK Spruce Swamp \LOWELL DRACUT STATE FOREsTO 4/25 STATE STATR 600000 FEEI -Y (MASS 4/24 7. Gravetol RECEIVED JAÑ: 1 0 197 NATIONALE REGISTER!

-* dedge Hill Flaggy,Meadow Lowell General Hospitál RIVER Playgrou RVEr:TE -BDY 1 BOSTON CHELMSFORD Gravel 42*37'30" 71°22'30" CHELMSFORN 1 BOSTON 30 Mapped, edited, and publi Control by USGS, USC&GS,. Topography by planetable sur Potyconic projection. 1927 10.000 toot grids based on N mainland zone. and Now Han 100g meter Ureversal Transv zone 19, shown in blue Red tint andicates areas in wt MERRIMACK AND MAINE pumpine f 10 pe Golf Course ,40 000 FEET (MASS.) LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS CHELMSFORD GLASS WORKS, LONG HOUSE U.S.G.S. Lowell, Mass.-N.H. N4237.5 - W7115/7.5 1966 AMS 6769 III NE - SERIES V814 42° 381 01" 71° 21' 00" TRORTH THIS FOR SALE A FOLDER DESCR ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER STATE MASSACHUSETTS JAN Date Entered 2 5 1973 Name Location Cheimaford Glass Works: Iong House Lowe11 Middlesex County Also Notified Hon. Edward M. Kennedy Hon. Edward W. Brooke Hon.

Paul Cronin Director, Northeast Region PHR NRowland:mm 1/25/73 State Liaison Officer Hon. John P. X. Davoren Secretary of the Commonwealth Chairan, Massachusetts Historical 40 Beacon Street Commesseon Boston, Massachusetts 02133