Nomination for Phillips Woolen Mill

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

NPS Form 10-900 (7-81) OMB NO.1024-0018 EXP. 10/31/84 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms Type all entries - complete applicable sections 1. Name For NPS use only received A1/G 31 1982 date entered historic Phillips Woolen Mil1 and/or common 2. Location Phillips Woolen Mill street & number 71 Grove Stfeet N/A not for publication city, town Adams N/A vicinity of congreeeiemat distriet state Massachusetts 3. Classification Category Ownership district public X building(s) - private . structure both . site Public Acquisition object in process N/Abeing considered code 025 county Berkshire code 003 Status X - occupied unoccupied work in progress Açcessible . yes: restricted .

yes: unrestricted no Present Use - agriculture _ commercial _educational entertainment government industrial - military museum park - private residence religious scientific transportation X other: warehouse 4. Owner of Property name Mullen Bros., Inc. of North Adams street & number 71 Grove Street city, town Adams N/Avicinity of 5. Location of Legal Description state Massachusetts 01220 courthouse, registry of deeds, etc. Northern Berkshire Registry of Deeds street & number Town Hall, Park Street Adams city, town state Massachusetts 01220 6. Representation in Existing Surveys title Inventory of Historic Assets of the CompasYis H608 bfbperty been determined eligible? - yes -x no date September 1980 _ federal X state - - county local depository for survey records Massachusetts Historical Commission city, town 294 Washington Street, Boston state Massachusetts 02108 7.

Description Rhillips Woolen Mills, 71 Grove St., Adams, MA Condition excellent .good X fair deteriorated ruins unexposed Check one - unaltered X altered Check one X original site moved N/A date Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance

Description of the property

The former Phillips Woolen Mill stands on the west side of Grove Street near the Chesire town line. The mill contains five different sections of various construction, all of which have had their windows covered. The largest and most visible section of the mill is building #l (seeattached map). Building #1 (ca 1864) is a three-story brick structure with a four-story tower centered on its south end. The building rests on a foundation of coursed rubble and is enclosed by a pitched roof trimmed with a wide brick cornice. Window openings are evenly spaced one per bay; each is framed by a rectangular sill and lintel of slate. The east elevation contains 19 bays, although only the northernmost 6 bays of the first story retain 12/12 sash. The 7th and 8th bays from the north have been rebuilt with a garage door at the first story.

The gabled north elevation contains an arched entry flanked by 4 windows at the first story and 6 windows at both the second and third stories; some of these windows retain original 12/12 and 8/8 sash. The gable contains four windows surmounted by a seven-sided light. Set out from the central two bays of the north elevation is a mid-ninteenth century fire escape of cast iron. The west elevation of building #l is blocked by an addition at the first story and has 15 bays exposed at both the second and third stories. The south elevation is dominated by the tower, which is blank on all faces except its east elevation which has paired windows at the first three stories and a tri-partite window at the fourth. Added to the south face of the tower is a small brick structure (ca 1920-30?) which, presumably, contains.plumbing.

Building #6 (ca 1864) extends southward from the southwest corner of Building #1; it is built of brick, two stories high and has the same details as Building #l. The east elevation of building #6 contains 6 bays although those of the first story have been partially rebuilt.. The south elevation is four bays wide and|contains two added garage doors (1950's) at the first story, four windows at the second and a loading bay and one window in the gable. The north elevation contains nine bays, one with a loading door, and is above ground level at the second story only. Building #4 (ca 1864?) is a three-story structure built of rubble stone and attached to Building #1 (east) and Building #1A (west). Enclosed by a low-pitched roof, Building #4 has been extensively altered.

Originally it had evenly spaced bays each containing one window (12/12 or 20/20) per story; each window was set in .a stone surround with a wooden lintel as sill. Due to later additions, the north elevation possesses only three exposed bays at the first story and nine each at the second and third. The south elevation has been more extensively altered due to an addition (formerly Building #5 - ca 1895) which has subsequently been removed. The south elevation contains some brick and concrete at its base, only two windows at the second story and eight at the third. Building #4A (ca 1920-30) is a poured concrete structure built on a base of steel "I" beams, which elevates the structure to the same level as the third story of Building #4 to which it is attached.

The west elevation contains a central doorway ((continued) NPS Form 10-900-a (3-82) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form Phillips Woolen Mill, Adams Continuation sheet Item number 7 OMB No. 1024-0018 Exp. 10-31-84 For NPS use only received date entered Page 1 flanked by two windows, the north elevation contains three windows and the south contains a central loading bay flanked by two windows. Where the base of this section rises above ground level, it is covered with sheets of corrugated metal. Buildings 12 and #3 (ca 1920-30) are a one-story wood and brick structure built along the west elevation of Building #1 and the north elevation of Building #4. Both are enclosed by a low-sloping roof; the north elevation is faced with brick and contains a loading door, entry and windows.

The west elevation is covered : with stucco and contains twelve evenly spaced windows. Although water courses and raceways have been filled with earth during the mid- twentieth century channels once passed beneath Building #4.

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

Significance Phi1lips. Woolen Mil1s, 71 Grove St., Adams, MA Period prehistoric 1400-1499 1500-1599 1600-1699 1700-1799 X - 1800-1899 _ 1900- Areas of Significance - Check and justify below _ archeology-prehistoric community planning - archeology-historic conservation agriculture economics X architecture education art engineering commerce exploration/settlement communications . industry invention landscape architecture law literature military music philosophy politics/government - religion science - sculpture social/ humanitarian theater transportation other (specify) Specific dates 1864 or earlier Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

(in one paragraph) Builder/Architect unknown The former Phillips Woolen Mill possesses integrity of location, design and materials as well as historical associations with the industrial development of Adams. It is also an excellent example of mid-ninteenth century mill construction. Thus it meets criteria A and C of the National Register of Historic Places. The site on which the mill stands was first developed for its water power, soon after January 9, 1828 when Nathan Mason, à farmer, granted the property and the right to build a dam to his sons Almond W. and Ethan A. ' By (1832 a cotton factory, three houses, a shed and a barn had been built by the brothers, who sold an interest in their mill to Jesse Jenks of Cheshire In July 1833, a judgement against the mill's owners resulted in the property's return to Nathan Mason who sold it to Ira Mason on February 11, 1839.

By 1845, the mill had been sold again, to Stephen L. and Silas H. Arnold who manufactured cotton goods here until the beginning of the Civil War. Perhaps as a result of the cotton shortages which accompanied the Civil War, the mill was converted to the manufacture of woolen goods in 1864 by its new owners, Peter Blackinton and Benjamin F. Phillips. Formed in 1853, the firm of Blackinton & Phillips had occupied rental space until 1860-1861 when it built the nearby Maple Grove Woolen Mill. Following its 1864 purchase of the Phillips Mill, the firm dissolved and Benjamin Philips tood title to the mill under the name of B. F. Phillips & Co. The Phillips family continued to manufacture woolen goods on this site until the early twentieth century whèn the Adams Woolen Manufacturing Company purchased' the property.

Manufacturing in this mill ceased gradually between the 1930's and early 1950's when the last machinery was moved out and the building was fully converted to use as a storehouse. An excellent local example of mill architecture of the mid-nineteenth century, the former Phillips Mill is Adams' best remaining of the small-scale brick mills which figured prominently in its early industrial development (ca 1815-1850). Although secondary sources report that the mill was built by Blackinton & Phillips in 1864, it seems more likely that its brick sections were built in the 1840s or early 1850s and that these sources have mistakenly reported the date of the mill's conversion to wool as its date of construction. A construction date of ca.

1840-1855 would be supported by the scale and Greek Revival style trim of Buildings #1 & #6 It is also possible that the stone section of the mill was part of the original E. & A. Mason Mill of 1828-1832, although the use of rubble stone construction was relatively common in the Adams area from ca. 1830-1860, making it difficult to provide a date for this section based on its exterior appearance. Other sections of the mill (Buildings #4A & #2) appear to have been built during the 1920s, probably for the Adams Woolen Manufacturing Company.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References Child, Hamilton. Berkshire County Gazetteer. Syracuse, N.Y.: Hamilton Child, 1885 Berkshire County Deeds: Bk. 40 p. 106; Bk. 35 p. 487-488; Bk. 40, p. 147; Bk. 50, p. 295 10. Geographical Data Acreage of nominated property - 1.154 acres Quadrangle name Cheshire UMT References A LIB/ 51301210 L417.118|5170 Zone Easting Northing LILILLL Quadrangle scale 1:25000 B LILIL Easting Northing E G Zone DLL F HLIJ L1LL Verbal boundary description and justification The nominated property includes only the lot on which the mill stands; this lot is described in Berkshire County Deeds, Book 674, page 1037. The boundaries of this lot correspond approximately to those of the property's nineteenth century '"Factory Lot." List all states and counties for properties overlapping state or county boundaries state code county code N/A state code county code 11.

Form Prepared By Brian Pfeiffer name/title Candace Jenkins, Registration Director with ACT for Massachusetts organization Massachusetts Historical Commission date June 1982 street & number 294 Washington Street telephone (617): 727-8470 city or town Boston state Massachusetts 12. State Historic Preservation Officer Certification The evaluated significance of this property within the state is: national -- State local As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservätion Act of 1966 (Public Law 89 665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service.

State Historic Preservation Officer signature Valeni Ann Ialmage title Executive Director, Massachusetts Historical Commission date Avg.24,182 For NPS use only I hereby certity that this property is included in the Nationteregisth the elow National Register Lo Keeper of the National Register date 9/30/82 Attest: Chief of Registration date Phillips.

WOOLEN MILL 71 Grove Street Adams, Massachusetts Sketch Map QUALITY STREET N GROVE STREET Building #2 C.1920| Building #3 C.1920 Building #4A Building #4 Building #1 C.1864 C.1920 C.1864 - Building #6 C.1864 --- PHILLIPS HILL INDICATES APPROXIMATE LOT LINE ATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES ited States Department of the Interior tional Park Service Phillips Wollen Mill Berkshire Countv MASSACHUSETTS EVALUATION / RETURN SHEET resubmission nomination by person or local government owner objection appeal Substantive Review: - sample - _ request Reviewer's comments: Working No. 8/31 82-237 Fed. Reg. Date: 1.83 Date Due: Action: 9p. (s2- 10/15/5= ACCEPT- 9/30/82 Entered in the National Register - RETURN. REJECT. Federal Agency: - appeai _NR decision -Nomination returned for: Recom. / Criteria Reviewer _ Discipline.

Date _ see continuation sheet technical corrections cited below -substantive reasons discussed below 1. Name 2. Location 3. Classification Category Ownership Public Acquisition 4. Owner of Property Status Accessible Present Use 5. Location of Legal Description 6. Representation in Existing Surveys has this property been determined eligible? - yes - no 7. Description Condition excellent good . deteriorated ruins unexposed Chack one unaltered altered Check one oniginal site moved date Describe the present and original (If known) physical appearance summary paragraph completeness clarity alterations/integrity dates boundary selection 8.

Significance Peried Arees of SignificanceChook and jestify belew pectfic dates Blatomant el Stgnificanoo (in eno peragraph) Dullder Architect summary paragraph completeness clarity applicable criteria justification of areas checked relating significance to the resource context relationship of integrity to significance justification of exception other 9. Major Bibliographical References 10. Geographical Data Acreege of nominated property Quedrangle neme UMT Reterences Verbal boundery description and justitication 11. Form Prepared By 12. State Historic Preservation Officer Certification The evaluated significance of this property within the state is MOrel -. siate loca! State Historic Preservation Officer signature date titie 13.

Other Maps Photographs Other Questions concerning this nomination may be directed to _ Signed Date_ Phone: 202 272-3504 Comments for any item may be continued on an attached sheet phellips Woolen Mill Adams, Massachusetts Brian Pfeiffer, photographer negative at: ACT for Massachu 45 School Street -Boston, Massachus view of the east and north ele Main Building taken from a southwest PHOTO 1 0f 2 Phillips woolen Mill. Adams, Massachusetts Brian Pfeiffer, photographer negative at: ACT for Massachuse 45 School Street Boston, Massachuse view of the south and east eleva (left to right) sections #4A, (Main Mill Building) taken f facing northwest. PHOTO 20F 2 MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS Office of the Secretary of State 294 Washington Street Boston, Massachusetts 02108 617-727-8470 MICHAEL JOSEPH CONNOLLY Secretary of State August 24, 1982 Mr.

Jerry Rogers Keeper, National Register of Historic Places National Park Service Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. 20243 Dear Mr. Rogers: Enclosed you will find the following nomination forms: -Adams - Phillips Woolen Mill (local) Adams - Renfrew Mill #2 (local) Belchertown - Walker Collis House (local) Hudson - Col. Adelbert Mossman House (local) Lenox - Lenox Academy (state) Lenox - The "Church on the Hill" (local) New Bedford - Dawson Building (local) New Marlborough - New Marlborough Village Historic District (local) North Andover - Machine Shop Village (state) Pittsfield - Wollison- Shipton Building (local) Rockport - Sewall-Scripture House (local) All have been voted eligible by the State Review Board and have been signed by the State Historic Preservation Officer.

Owners were notified of pending State Review Board considerations 30-75 days before the meeting and were afforded the opportunity to comment. Comments received to date are attached to the nomination forms. Sincerely, Candace Jenkins Candace Jenki Registration Director Massachusetts Historical Commission <8 RECEIVED Enclosures -9 CJ/mas AUG 31 1982 NATIONAL REGISTER -10 SITE