Nomination for Crawford, Col., Burn Site Monument

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms 1. Name and/or common street & number c. ½ mile east of Crawford north of CH 29 and south of - not for publication . city, town X vicinity of - county - 3. Classification - public X unoccupied Xprivate .park _work in progress - private residence _ religious X object . in process X yes: restricted . scientific - yes: unrestricted X other: monument street & number 5. Location of Legal Description - yes xno . local state Ohio 44883 both museum Accessible transportation Category Crawford code government Tiffin entertainment educational Carey site commercial Ownership Status state MAR31982 Phyllis Higgins military agriculture industrial structure district Public Acquisition historic Upper Sandusky being considered Ohio August 1980 date entered building(s) 2. Location East Wyandot and South Sandusky Ave. Inventory-Nomination Form 6.

Representation in Existing Surveys Type all entries-complete applicable sections National Register of Historic Places Tymochtee Creek For HCRS use only Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service Present Use United States Department of the Interior 4. Owner of Property has this property been determined elegible? received MAR APR 1 5 1982 state Ohio 43316 - federal x state - COLONEL CRAWFORD/BURN SITE MONUMENT street & number 11432 CH 29 FHR-8-300 (11-78) Ohio 43316 7. Description _excellent _ deteriorated X unaltered X original site _moved date _ fair This monument, designed by John Gormley of Wyandot County, is a cannon-shaped inches in diameter and 22 inches in height, giving a total height of about 8½ feet. Crawford, who was burnt by the Indians in this valley June 11, A.D.

1782." On Association of Wyandot County August 3, 1877." While all accounts refer to Crawford's death taking place on the creek bank, the Placing it on high ground also made it easier to reach, as there is a rather steep threatened by a high power line to be erected by Ohio Power Company, although the Condition ruins The monument's setting and the adjacent valley of trees and farmland are currently Check one There have been no alterations or changes in the monument since it was erected. The monument was made by the marble works of B.L. Bauscher of Upper Sandusky in the summer of 1877. power line will not run directly over the monument. diameter at one end and 13 inches in diameter at the top.It rests on a base 30 monument was undoubtedly placedon high ground to prevent its destruction from flooding.

x good unexposed The monument has the following inscription on the shaft: drop off from the bluff where the monument stands down to the creek bed. shaft of Berea sandstone about 6 feet high.The monument measures 2l inches in the base of the monument is the following inscription:"Erected by the Pioneer Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance

Description of the property

- archeology-prehistoric - community planning - landscape architecture. _ religion _ conservation -law - literature x military (commemorative)ocial/ _ art - engineering - music X 1800-1899 - exploration/settlement - philosophy . industry .transportation _ invention in Mansfield, Ohio, the burn site monument has acquired its own

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

significance apart 95 years after Crawford's death, the monument is seen today as a tangible link to 1873 work entitled An Historical Account of the Expedition Against Sandusky. This draws heavily on the account of Dr. Knight, Crawford's aide, who was captured at Leesville with Crawford and who watched his death, later escaping from Indian one south, of range thirteen east, of the government survey; the precise spot I do years before the idea caught on in 1877.

It is clear from contemporary newspaper account: 1700-1799 1600-1699 commerce 1500-1599 1400-1499 1877 communications economics theater education architecture archeology-historic science Builder/Architect Period humanitarian agriculture Specific dates politics/government prehistoric 1900- from its role commemorating an earlier aspect of the community's history; erected important event in the history of what is now Wyandot County, and it has remained Register because it does not have the documentation the capture site has. sculpture that he had a brilliant idea, as 5-8000 people came for the dedication, all of whom were burning is not specifically documented (the best location being given as near the center 8.

Significance reminder of the cruel tortuous death suffered by Colonel William Crawford in the Association, and the annual Pioneer Picnic at this site continued as a big event in had a fire started around him, and had his ears cut off.While the location of the fire was campaign against Sandusky, which led to his capture near Leesville (site on National Butterfield's work, the expert on the campaign (Butterfield) only states conclusively 7,1782; they then became separated from each other for awhile but were later reunited. Crawford sought help from Simon Girty, a white man who had become a Wyandot, on June 1l, the history of Wyandot County's pioneers and to Colonel Crawford's role in the area.

The monument project was the idea of Curtis Berry, Jr.,a prominent lawyer in the gunpowder, had burning goals and sticks applied to the gunpowder spots, Crawford's campaign against Sandusky is well documented in C.W.Butterfield's Register in Crawford County) and his eventual death, is one of only two Revolutionary Areas of Significance-Check and justify below of the sw4of section 26 along the Tymochtee),the monument is being nominated to other (specify) Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

(in one paragraph) by some 5000 people; the locally famous orator, William Henry Gibson of Tiffin, and has assumed an important role as a pilgimage site in the county for anyone interested in the history of the county or Crawford's famous campaign.

The monument the Tymochtee Creek, and Crawford's torture began; he was tied to a stake, shot full of the famous picnics that grew of the dedication ceremony, but this has disappeared, county and secretary of the Pioneer Association.He had been suggesting it for several The Colonel Crawford Burn Site Monument is being nominated as the only tangible supposedly passed down in oral tradition for some years, with the stories included in Therefore the famous site itself cannot be nominated for the was erected by the Wyandot Pioneer Association on August 30,1877 at a picnic attended not attempt to locate." Tymochtee Creek valley near this monument in 1782.Crawford's death was the first but Girty was unable to help.Crawford and Knight were then taken to the east bank of that "it was somewhere on what is now the south half of section twenty-six, of township county 1ife until the last one was held June 13,1935.Like the Mansfield Blockhouse Gottfried, Ray D.

Watkins Printing Co, 1976 Acreage of nominated property Less than I acre 11.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Form Prepared By street & number 310 East Market Street Ohio 44883 665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register|and certify that it has been evaluated code county Northing Easting Tiffin name/title Zone date Attest: UMT References Keeper of the National Register Xstate the monument. Chief of Registration 4.15.82 Upper Sandusky, Wyandot County Pictorial Memories. city or town I hereby certify that this property is included in the National Register Verbal boundary description and justification 10. Geographical Data State Historic Preservation Officer signature List all states and counties for properties overlapping state or county boundaries 9. Major Bibliographical References The evaluated significance of this property within the state is: 12.

State Historic Preservation Officer Certification date 7 August 1980 painting of burning of Crawford) For HCRS use only 12/9/80 Quadrangle name _ .national GPO 938 835 name/title Barbara Howe / Regional Preservation Officer local McCutchenville The area nominated is the monument itself and a circle with a radius of 25 feet starting from according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service. telephone 419-448-2804 As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89- Form No.

10-300a UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE RECEIVED MAR 3 1982 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM CONTINUATION SHEET The picnics were used as an opportunity to relive the early years of Wyandot County's history; the events featured speakers, bands, bag pipe music, choirs, decorations, and food. The Union (Wyandot County). 6 September 1877. Bibliography continued the painting hangssin the Seneca County Museum in Tiffin, Ohio and has been reproduced in DATE ENTERED interest in them.

Colonel Crawford Burn Site Monument A grandstand 36'x 14'was eventually built with a platorm across the front to accommodate FOR NPS USE ONLY artist Ed Lepper did a large painting in the early 2Oth century depicting the torture; the Time-Life book The Frontiersmen (1977).) ITEM NUMBER 8 PAGE 1 (In addition to numerous accounts of Crawford's death in county histories, Tiffin Butterfield, C.W. An Historical Account of the Expedition Against Sandusky Under Col. Wyandot County Republican: 30 August 1877; 6 September 1877. William Crawford in 1782.Cincinnati:Robert Clarke & Co.,1873. NATIONAL I EVALUATION / owner o Substantive R V see continuation sheet T. Name 3. Classification 4. Owner of Property 5. Location of Legal Description 6.

Representation in Existing Surveys % Description - unaltered - original site _ruins _Y summary paragraph nominati Location alterations/integrity resubmis Date _substantive reasons discussed below 4-17-82 boundary selection good IECT Federal Agenc Ucompleteness 2.1.83 Property: Crau 182-570 Check one TURN excellent State, County caut eveut. - technical corrections cited below - deteriorated - moved Vclarity .Nomination returned for: artment of the Interior CEPT_ Subs fair National Park Service EVALUATION / RETURN SHEET - resubmission - REJECT- sample / Date Due: . see continuation sheet - technical corrections cited below _ substantive reasons discussed below T. Name X3. Classification . Owner of Property 5. Location of Legal Description 6.

Representation in Existing Surveys % Description - - deteriorated _ unaltered - original site - ruins - moved Valterations/integrity Location owner objection RETURN summary paragraph Action: nomination by person or local government Federal Agency: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Check one United States Department of the Interior Vcompleteness Check ene maps photos boundary selection good .Nomination returned for: unexposed 1782- Major Bibliographical References 10. Geographical Data 11. Form Prepared By M2. State Historic Preservation Officer Certification Signed clarity completeness context Maps Date Photographs summary paragraph Other the resource relating significance to applicable criteria justification of excepticn Comments for any item may be continued on an attached sheet Questions concerning this nomination may be directed to 8. Significance .

state - local Phone: 202 272-3504 relationship of integrity and specifically Col. Crawford's locally significant campaign of properties primarily commemorative in intent if"design, age, Toâday the monument, a small marker of Victorian character, style, role of the site and certainly, through the monument, its reason and for providing theatrical or musical entertainment.

This phenomenon paralleled the more institutionalized urban lyceums properties and possesses sufficient significance and integrity Needs additional review -- April 8, 1982 Continuation: significance." Architectural Historian LMcClelland recognitionand tribute to the county's pioneering history pattern of historical organizations and cultural events during the as a locally significant meetingplace for cultural activities to accomodate the popular annual picnics and their historical and I feel resource qualifies under the requirements for commemorative has become an important part of Wyandot ounty's cultural for the reading of historical papers, for conducting field trips, origins in pioneer settlement.Outdoor picnics were the occasion Nomination shows how the resource, as a monument and meetingplace, commemorative in its original purpose, further represent the very clear that eligibility relates to the use of this site Nomination has made a good argument for the significance of the and religious chautauquas.that sprang up in the 19th century.

significance to check in #8. from 1877 to 1935,of which the unifying feature was the "social/humanitarian" seems more like a more appropriate area of since 1877 and not to the actualievent of Col.Crawford's death site as the focal point from 1877 to 1935 of the conmunity's heritage through tradition and symbolic value. Nomination is Victorian period, especially in rural areas having p*ónee**ng commemoration of the* a locally important military hero. However, for being there. in 1782, which occurred at a nearby but unknown site. As Linda pointed out, the significance for which we canlist this is Picnic, some kind of an affirmation of community identity.

As such, the of Crawford, however; then the nomination veers off to discuss the Victorian I suppose in looking at the language of the exception, this can qualify on several points: tradition--the activities there since 1877; symbolic value-- marks "the beginning of history" for this area; also, I think someone Dubie 4/8 nomination? socual/humanitarian might have been a more consistent choice. Notes on Crawford Burn Site Monument since the specific date is 1877--nothing military has occurred there since.. era activities on the site.I wonder if it seemed to the preparer that the Other than changing the area of significance--adding social/humanitatian, I don;t have any real problems with the eligibility of the property, gathering place for the community between 1877 and 1935 for the annual Pioneer I don't have major problems with the documentation.

The first 4 sentences of the nomination seem to be leaning toward commemoration although the approach taken in the form really tries both sides of the fence. to the extent that this wa property commemorates an historic event which significance as an example of its period.So, its o.k. primarily that the site, focused on the monument, was an important Why did David Simmons letter refer to the "controversial nature"of the SRP0correctly put 1877 in"specific date8". social significance was not enough alone to justify listing (it is).Also, THIS VALLEY Col. Crawford Burn Site Monument Heidelberg College Preservation Office, Tiffin, Ohio MAR 3 1982 West side of monument; camera facing southeast Photo number 1 June 1980 Barb Howe Col.

Crawford Burn Site Monument Crawford vicinity (Wyandot County, Ohio) northwest Barb Howe monument to lower right of photo; camera facing Photo number 2 took place; trees threatened by power line; June 1980 MAR 3 1982 Heidelberg College Preservation Office, Tiffin, Ohio Valley looking toward Tymochtee Creek where burning 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC) MC CUTCHENVILLE QUADRANGLE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MC CUTCHENVILLE, OHIO NATIONAL STATE OF OHIO N4052.5W8315/7.5 MC CUTCHENVILLE, MAR31982 NATIONAL RECEIVED REGISTER ghost DENNISP ghostffff f Upper Sandsuky, Ohio OHS PAB I-71 at 17th Ave.

MAR 3 1982 Columbus, Ohio miles west of Upper Sandusky, on the old trace lead- .........It was of David Hodge, and is a beautiful green, with some fime Big Iymochtee, about 33 feet from the spot where he William Stone's Life of Brant- Vol.II Baron Rosentha, Journal of a Volunteer Expedition to Sandusky.from May 24 to June 13,1782, Lawerence ,Mass (Arno Press, Inc. A New Yrk Times Co. 190 Merrimack Lawerence, Mass 01843 Auditor of State's Office ,Col.

Ohio (Microfilm roll # 2 Meridian REGISTER NATIONAL RECEIVED The Ohio Historical Center Heckewelder's Narratives on the Moravian Missions Monument Historical Site be entered on the National Register Nov.8,1980 was burnt." Original Field Notes north & easthof the first Prime Other references which have been given me by other historians at a Delaware town which extended along the Tymoch- check follow: and that the area be extended to include the site of his burn- The most quoted authority is ,of course,Butterfield. oak trees in its vacinity. ing to the Big Spring,Wyandot Town.It was on the the east bank of the Tymochtee Creek." "The spot where Crawford suffered was but a few of the Wyandotts but most of which I have not had a chance to Subdivision TISRl3E, C.W. Christman.surveyor 1832 375 Hilltop Dr. tee.The precise spot is now by the heirs Vol.II -Hgwe(s Ohio History;P.

888 states: ing. I am greatly interested to see that the Colonel Crawfprd right hand of the trace going west on a low bottom on William Brown surveyor 1843. Auditor of State's Office, item 29B , under Ohio Beneral reproductions of maps, plats, and related records in its custody Information concerning the cost of reproductions Ohio, Monday July 18,1904 I found a letter written by William E. was kept in their tribe though not written down by them, unfortuna to be included in this recommendation, is the site of the Battle.

This was a Revolutionary War Battle,I need not tell you that, but Upper Sandusky, Oh.43351 Sincerely, so few around here seem to realize the importance so it may have This was an important event in their history and their history the Crawford Monument is the correct location and certainly should After many years of studying the Wyandott Indians I have no Finley sent to him"showing the burning site of Col.Crawfordis white,was adopted by the tribe and was James B.Finley) at Bucyrus in which he says that the map Gen. of Indian Affairs,Special List l3- Washington: be included in the area placed on the National Register. will be provided upon request." at this time their head chief. Martha Kelsay's comp.

Cartographic Records of the Bureau National Archives and Records Service l977 under is accurate."This would be a conformation by the Wyandotts in doubt that they would have kept the site of Colonel Crawford's butning in their minds accurately,and would have passed it on to come from the state.I hope this will soon be entered also. tely.I have no doubt that the valley along Tymochtee Creek below Another site definately connected ,but not close enough to to the whites who were living here by the time they left in l843. Connolley,Kansas City,Ks.to a General a g.nephew of Rev page 2Kelsay states,"Nars is equipped to provide (Mrs)Thelma R.Marsh 375 Hilltop Dr. In reading a microfilm copy of The Wyandot Chief,Upper Sandusky Columbus, Ohio (Miepofilm roll #10) Columbus Ohrs MAR31982 Ohio Historical Center 1-71& 17th Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43211 (614) 466-1500 November 13, 1980 Mrs.

Thelma Marsh Upper Sandusky, Ohio 43351 us to first establish reasonable boundaries, and then, especially because of the controversial nature of this nomination, defend and justify them in a court We do, however, very much appreciate your writing and offering your support David A. Simmons DAS : as xc: Heidelberg College Monument. Historian and Manager MAR31982 NATIONAL RECEIVED Sincerely, REGISTER National Register Program for the nomination. Ohio Historic Preservation Office When Barb Howe was working on the National Register nomination for the monu- fully justify every parcel of land in terms of its significance.Unfortunately, ment, we discussed the possibility of nominating more property including the Dear Mrs.

Marsh: Thank you for your very informative letter on the Colonel Crawford Burn Site all the descriptions you included are not exact or specific enough to enable 375 Hilltop Drive of law. Ohio Historic Preservation Office Ohio Historical Center 1-71 & 17th Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43211 (614) 466-1500 November 13, 1980 14315 Wyandot County Road 33 Upper Sandusky, Ohio 43331 Dear Mrs. Opper: however, the monument and its setting has been the scene of a number of impor- ciate the well-intentioned purpose of your letter, I am afraid we could not recommend its implementation. Sincerely David A. Simmons DAS : as MAR 3 1982 RECEIVED REGISTER NATIONAL Historian and Manager Heidelberg College National Register Program Thank you for your recent letter concerning the Colonel Crawford Burn Site Thank you again for writing.

Your point is well taken that the monument is not on the site of the original Mrs. Maude Opper destroy the association with any of the history of the Wyandot Pioneer Associa- Monument. tion that erected it and held festivities here until 1935.So while we appre- MAR31982 NATIONAL REGISTER RECEIVED Mod 15,1980 STATE OHIO Crawford, Col., Burn Site Monument Honorable Howard M. Metzenbaum Dr. W. Ray Luce Midwest Regional Office, NPS Columbus, Ohio 43211 For further information, please call the National Register at (202) 272-3504 Location Notified Name Wyandot County The Ohio Historical Society Honorable John Glenn Honorable Tennyson Guyer Crawford vicinity State Historic Preservation Officer ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Interstate7lat 17th Avenue APRIL 15, 1982 Date Entered