Nomination for Temple on the Heights

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

1. Name and/or common street & number - not for publication city, town Cleveland Heights - vicinity of _ state _ county code 035 3. Classification X district X public _ unoccupied _agriculture _ museum - building(s) _ commercial - park - structure work in progress . site _ entertainment . religious _ object _ in process X yes: restricted - government - yes: unrestricted _ transportation - military _ other: 4. Owner of Property Temple Associates, Ltd. Joseph M. Shafran, General Partner city, town - Ohio 44120 5. Location of Legal Description has this property been determined elegible?

- _ yes _ federal - local both 1977 Location date educational Category Ownership Accessible Status industrial historic being considered private private residence date entered The Civic Temple on the Heights Inventory-Nomination Form Ohio Public Acquisition Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service Ohio Historic Inventory 3130 Mayfield Road Present Use Cleveland Type all entries-complete applicable sections 6. Representation in Existing Surveys National Register of Historic Places See instructions in How to Complete National Register Forms United States Department of the Interior 1219 Ontario Street William Risman and Robert Soltz For HCRS use only congressional district 21st Ohio 43211 FHR-8-300 (11-78) code 039 scientific title courthouse, registry of deeds, etc.

depository for survey records city, town Cleveland Columbus Cuyahoga County Recorder Ohio Preservation Office I-71 and 17th Ave. X excellent - original site .ruins moved date Condition unexposed deteriorated unaltered features. Check one use complex which rents to private commercial and non-profit educational, arts and civic ing one of its most significant historic resources. area; it is across the street from a 1930 shopping center, centerpiece of the only residential carved belt course that surmounts the arched moldings of the carved main doors. of Moorish or Byzantine tiling runs beneath the recessed, arched portico windows, above a its city hall.While intervening intrusive commercial material prevents the area from con- multiple lights, round or curved mutins and a separating stone column. polychrome surrounds and four stone columns with enriched capitals featuring harvest themes.

repeats many of the themes found on the sanctuary block, including its round-arched windows, circular lights, pediments flanked by arcading, and pedimented secondary entries.A later The Temple on the Heights is an eclectic, polychromatic brick, stone and pre-cast concrete sideration as an historic district, the building is, nevertheless, at the heart of the heights Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance

Description of the property

and it is three blocks away from the historic center of Cleveland Heights, now the site of 7. Description development planned by John D.Rockefeller, Jr. on the former Rockefeller estate, Forest Hill; at the second story level.

a small chapel (now a theatre),classrooms, offices and two kitchens in its 110,0o0 square -fair X altered - good date Each segment of the main dome features a pair of arched windows with Above the arcaded loggia is a pedimented gable with circles and tablet enrichment.A band The front portico features an arcaded two and a half story entry loggia with five arched arcaded windows in ribbon courses, and features single-arched windows with polychrone surrounds an arcaded stone cornice.At the center of the pediment is a round window featuring the The building is situated on Mayfield Road, historically the main artery of the heights way of providing the city with a privately owned and maintained civic center, and of preserv- facades are unenriched for the most part, and feature simple fenestration and utilitarian The pedimented element is flanked by front-facing gabled blocks with small Once a synagogue, the structure houses a main sanctuary with a domed rotunda 4 and 5) The street facade of the original structure (1925-27) is asymmetrical.The east wing This marketing concept has been encouraged by the City of Cleveland Heights as a feet of space.It was sold in 1980 by its original owners, the B'nai Jeshurun Congregation, or concrete courses.

west wing has some of the same features, modified, including a two-story, twelve- to a limited partnership of 40 investors who have begun to market it as The Civic, a multi- Star of David. - landscape architecture_X religion - archeology-historic - agriculture .sculpture . social/ .engineering _ music - philosophy X1900- - politics/government other (specify) in the vicinity of Eagle and E. 9th Streets, where the German "patrician" faction divided Cleveland Jews. Since, by 1870, Tefereth Israel had abandoned Orthodoxy completely, and on the other hand, an object of much contempt from the newly Reformed congregations for having 1800-1899 1700-1799 commerce 1500-1599 1600-1699 1400-1499 transportation architecture education invention industry Period humanitarian theater exploration/settlement prehistoric literature 8.

From the form

The catalogue entry the section above was filed under.

Significance In spite of their liturgical differences, these three major congregations followed one the second one that it built for itself--each of which was situated in an area occupied law Eastern European arrivals (resulting in occasional intra-congregational splintering), and anti-semitism.Although one 1908 anti-semitic incident is recorded involving high holy day continued old ways. military The Temple on the Heights is historically significant as an emblem of the growth, move- religious architecture of Boston architect Charles R. Greco.

Hungarian faction, different from the German in language and culture, established a small ment and interrelationships of a contingent of Cleveland's Jewish population, Congregation religious colony of 16 to 25 souls who worshiped for several years in the homes of members same architect, who used Byzantine themes in both structures, illustrating the virtuosity worshipers from B'nai Jeshurun and local toughs, the large immigrant population of Cleveland The first Jewish section in Cleveland was settled c.

1850 by German and Hungarian Jews -communications areas and, eventually, to the suburbs according to their own rhythms, and because they pros- a rocky ridge of land known technically as the Portage escarpment of the Alleghenies, coin- The decision in the mid-'20's by B'nai Jeshurun to build a new temple on the heights, -economics Areas of Significance-Check and justify below _conservation Statement of Significance

Statement of significance

(in one paragraph) 1900,42.9%were either foreign born or had one foreign born parent) forestalled Sampliner, Lerner and Weil. Criteria A and C science -art - archeology-prehistoric - community planning Specific dates 1924-27; 1956-59 pered.

radical religious and liturgical movement from Orthodoxy to Reformism by 19th century consecutively by Cleveland Jews as their neighborhoods moved eastward over a period of 100 The congregations hired the hood of 25th Street and Scovill.By the time B'nai Jeshurun was itself prepared to build The structure is the third synagogue of the Conservative Congregation B'nai Jeshurun--and in that the evolution of Cleveland's Jewish congregations took two tacks.T Cleveland Jews' continued movement eastward and out of the city occurred not because of itself into two Orthodox congregations, Anshe Chesed and Tefereth Israel.In 1866 the congregation represented, on the one hand, the only available haven for later Orthodox Eagle Street Temple) from Anshe Chesed, who built another in the new Jewish neighbor- then Tefereth Israel had also decided to build a new temple. cided with two developments.

By then, Cleveland Heights had a Jewish population of 5000 "gang of ward healers in a fashion typical of immigrant neighborhoods everywhere. The first two (out of 15,ooo), and had become the second largest Jewish section in the area.And by 9.

The rest of the file

Bibliography, boundary description, and the people who prepared and reviewed the nomination.

Major Bibliographical References "Spiritual, Cultural, Communal Center of Jewish Life." Centenial pamphlet, B'nai Jeshurun 10. Geographical Data Acreage of nominated property less than one Parcel # 684-32-009; Lot # 684-34-10, City of Cleveland Heights, Ohio _ state 11. Form Prepared By date October, 1983 street & number .telephone (216) 932-9794 12. State Historic Preservation Officer Certification State Historic Preservation Officer signature county code organization Easting Northing date 1979. Zone Preservation Consultant national Verbal boundary description and justification Attest: Chief of Registration Cleveland Heights city or town and The Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1978.

UMT References name/title Keeper of the National Register List all states and counties for properties overlapping state or county boundaries I hereby certify that this property is included in the National Register The evaluated significance of this property within the state is: 665),I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated 2353 Woodmere Drive For HCRS use only 1415.212.4 name/title Mary L. Reeb, Ph. D. state : Ohio 44106 - local As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89 according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the Heritage Gonservation and Recreation Service. GPO 938 835 Quadrangle name East Cleveland Mational Hegisten OMB No. 1024-0018 Exp.

10-31-84 For NPS use only Temple on the Heights, Cleveland Heights, Cuyahoga Co., OH Item number 8 Page 2 of this form as he adapted it, as well as the continuing interrelationship of their The Scoville Avenue synagogue, the first of this congregation, was listed in the (N.R. 8/30/74) is an exceptional example of modern eclectic architecture, a design of Cleveland's Jewish population. congregations.

Inventory-Nomination Form Continuation sheet received reflecting the more conservative religious views of its congregation.The Temple quite suitable to the reformism at that congregation.Conversely Temple in the National Register of Historic Places attitudes of the two major Cleveland Jewish congregations.Although Greco utilized National Park Service Heights conveys a much more conventional application of Neo-Byzantine architecture thematic group illustrating institutions important to Cleveland's black community. date entered United States Department of the Interior NPS Form 10-900-a of the Tifereth Israel Society physically manifests the difference in religious the same religious architectural motifs, namely Byzantine and other Near East influences, for both structures, his two designs manipulate those architectural elements to reflect the religious distinction of the two groups.

The Temple of the Tifereth Israel Society (3-82) on the Heights is architecturally significant in conveying the religious diversity National Register in 1982 as the Shiloh Baptist Church/B'nai Jeshurum Temple ina The architectural design of the Temple on the Heights in comparison to the Temple WASO Form - 177 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ("R" June 1984) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES EVALUATION/RETURN SHEET FEB, 27 1984 Date Due: _ nomination by person or local government Federal Agency: - Jappeal Isample J request - NR decision _ technical corrections cited below _substantive reasons discussed below 1. Name 2. Location 3. Classification Present Use Public Acquisition 4. Owner of Property 5. Location of Legal Description 6. Representation in Existing Surveys 7.

Description - unaltered -original site -excellent - moved summary paragraph dates Category yes REJECT Recom./Criteria ruins Status alterations/integrity Ownership deteriorated Discipline RETURN Reviewer unexposed OHIO Cuyahoga County Accessible clarity National Register Temple on the Heights Working No. Entered in theAction: resubmission boundary selection ACCEPT Reviewer's comments: owner objection Nomination returned for: see continuation sheet Substantive Review: Describe the present and original (if known) physical appearance Condition Check one completeness Has this property been determined eligible? Fed. Reg. Date: 2/1 fair good 8. Significance Statement of Significance (in one paragraph) relating significance to the resource Other 9. Major Bibliographical References 10. Geographical Data Acreage of nominated property Verbal boundary description and justification 11.

Form Prepared By 12. State Historic Preservation Officer Certification The evaluated significance of this property within the state is: State Historic Preservation Officer signature - Date - Questions concerning this nomination may be directed to Signed Builder/Architect context completeness title national _state UTM References Quadrangle name clarity Maps justification of areas checked Photographs justification of exception relationship of integrity to significance applicable criteria Specific dates summary paragraph Comments for any item may be continued on an attached sheet _local Areas of Significance-Check and justify below - Phone: Period Photo: M.. Reeb Date: Temple on the Heights Northwest facade Cleveland Heights, Cuyahoga, Oh. Cleveland Heights, Cuyahoga, OH Photo: M. Reeb Temple on the Heights Date: Main entfy portico Cleveland Heights, Cuyahoga, OH Photo: M.

Reeb Date: Northeast facade Temple on the Heights Cleveland Heights, Cuyahoga, OH East wing Temple on the Heights Date: Photo: M. Reeb View 4 - Sanctuary Temple on the Heights Cleveland Heights, Cuyahoga, OH Photo: M. Reeb Temple on the Heights Date: Cleveland Heights, Cuyahoga, OH View 5 - Sanctuary OHIO-CUYAHOGA CO 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EAST CLEVELAND QUADRANGLE EAST CLEVELAND, OHIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY N4130 - W8130/7.5